| role of flexible bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related pulmonary disease. | flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage was performed in 16 pediatric patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and deterioration in pulmonary function suggestive of opportunistic infection. in 62% of the patients pneumocystis carinii was identified. culture results showed a pure growth of pseudomonas aeruginosa for one patient in addition to the pneumocystis carinii. bronchoscopy with lavage was well tolerated, with few complications even among patients wi ... | 1991 | 2034496 |
| [bullous images of pneumocystis carinii infection in aids]. | we report a case of bullous disease associated with a pneumocystis carinii pneumonia which regressed completely. this occurred in a patient who was suffering from the human immuno deficiency virus. | 1991 | 2034846 |
| prevention and treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | several drugs are now available for the treatment and prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. these include trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and pentamidine isethionate as first-line drugs and dapsone-trimethoprim, trimetrexate, piritrexim, fansidar, difluoromethylornithine, and clindamycin plus primaquine as drugs in later stages of clinical development. a hydroxynaphthoquinone, called 566c80, offers promise in preclinical studies. the use of corticosteroids in the supportive management of p ... | 1991 | 2035974 |
| aerosolized pentamidine for prophylaxis against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | | 1991 | 2036115 |
| case report: bilateral upper lobe pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient receiving aerosolized pentamidine. | a case of progressive bilateral upper lobe pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient receiving aerosolized pentamidine is presented. this is a recently recognized pattern in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome on aerosolized pentamidine. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia must be considered as a possibility when this select subset of patients presents with this atypical upper lobe pattern. | 1991 | 2036765 |
| computed tomography of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids. | | 1991 | 2036768 |
| morphological evaluation of pneumocystis carinii after extraction from infected lung. | changes in pneumocystis carinii induced by the extraction of the parasite from rabbit lung have been investigated. samples obtained using 4 extraction methods were evaluated by light and transmission electron microscopy. light microscopic evaluation was insufficient to give a measure of the p. carinii viability or to detect parasitic cellular alterations. in contrast, ultrastructural evaluation provided information on host and p. carinii cell integrity, which is a critical condition for viabilit ... | 1991 | 2040957 |
| [nocardiosis in a patient with aids]. | a young drug addict with positive anti-hiv antibodies, okt4/okt8 ratio below 1, oropharingeal candidiasis and pulmonary pneumocystis carinii infection, dies due to a cerebral abscess with a septic status. the postmortem microbiologic study shows pulmonary abscesses and nocardia asteroides is isolated from lung tissue and spinal fluid. we note out the rareness of this pathology and its relation to aids. | 1991 | 2041906 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia following corticosteroid therapy for giant cell arteritis. | pneumocystic carinii pneumonia (pcp) is a well-recognized complication of immunodeficiency disorders. pcp has been reported in patients with connective tissue diseases, but most were on cytotoxic drugs. we report a case of pcp occurring in a patient with giant cell arteritis who was receiving high dose prednisone. to our knowledge this complication has not been previously reported. | 1991 | 2042387 |
| renal cortical nephrocalcinosis: a manifestation of extrapulmonary pneumocystis carinii infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | a 38-year-old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) demonstrated atypical nephrocalcinosis on abdominal x-ray. computed tomography (ct) scanning showed the calcifications to be predominantly in a cortical distribution. the patient had evidence of disseminated pneumocystis carinii infection, and histologically the renal calcifications occurred in areas of renal pneumocystis infection. intrarenal infection with pneumocystis carinii can be added to the causes of nephrocalcinosis. howev ... | 1991 | 2042655 |
| extrapulmonary pneumocystis carinii infections in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | pneumocystis carinii is a frequent cause of interstitial pneumonitis in patients with cell-mediated immunodeficiencies. extrapulmonary p carinii infection is a rare manifestation of disease caused by this organism. nevertheless, reports of extrapulmonary p carinii infection are increasing in the setting of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). we report two cases of extrapulmonary p carinii infection in patients with aids and review the literature on this subject. we identified 37 such ... | 1991 | 2043023 |
| analysing the workload from hiv inpatients: a 10-month retrospective study. | to assess the clinical and laboratory workload arising from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-related inpatient admissions in a london teaching hospital, a 10-month retrospective audit was performed of the casenotes of all hiv-infected inpatients admitted under the care of one consultant physician. during this period, 84 inpatients were identified who generated 371 admissions, of whom 71 (84.5%) had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). over two-thirds of admissions were essentially day ca ... | 1991 | 2043715 |
| cytoimmunological monitoring after heart transplantation: lymphocyte activation in pneumocystis carinii infection. | | 1991 | 2045508 |
| long-term survival of patients with aids, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and respiratory failure. | --to evaluate the long-term survival of patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit, cook county hospital, chicago, ill, with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and acute respiratory failure. | 1991 | 2046133 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with solid tumors without acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) developed in two patients with solid tumors without acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). in patients with neoplastic solid tumors, as in those with hematologic malignancies, pneumocystis is a possible cause of pneumonia. management protocols evaluating pulmonary infiltrates in this patient population must include tests for pcp. | 1991 | 2049743 |
| [acute psychiatric pathology disclosing subcortical lesion in neuro-aids]. | maccario et al. described, in 1987, the case of an hiv-positive patient whose psychotic symptomatology was the expression of right centrum semi-ovale lesion. we report the case of a patient who suffered a sudden delirium, expression of a probable right lenticular cerebral toxoplasmosis. this 35-year-old male homosexual, who had no psychiatric history, suddenly developed in november 1988 the following psychiatric signs: he started to walk back and forth incessantly, he had the impression that he ... | 1991 | 2049998 |
| management of the hiv-infected patient: a comprehensive approach. the scma aids task force. | management of the early stages of hiv infection has become relatively straightforward. therapy with azt (retrovir) should be instituted when the cd4 count is consistently between 400 and 500 per cmm, and prophylaxis against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia should be instituted when the cd4 count falls below 200 per cmm. although numerous complications punctuate the later course of hiv infection, those requiring emergency intervention are relatively few in number and usually recognizable. on the ho ... | 1991 | 2051740 |
| [pulmonary infection caused by mycobacterium gordonae and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. | | 1991 | 2051800 |
| [pneumatocele as a form of presentation of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | pulmonary infection by pneumocystis carinii in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) can result in different radiological patterns with an ever expanding spectrum. a 40-year-old male, infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), presented with toxic symptoms and multiple pulmonary cystic lesions in the context of a pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. the rarity of this radiological presentation is discussed and literature is reviewed. in addition, the possible pathogenetic ... | 1991 | 2051833 |
| edematous pancreatitis associated with intravenous pentamidine. | a 37-year-old black man with presumed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia who was treated with systemic iv pentamidine had fatal pancreatitis and massive hepatomegaly. fatal pancreatitis can occur with no hemorrhagic changes seen at autopsy. awareness of the relationship between pentamidine and pancreatitis should be emphasized. with current clinical trials testing other routes of administration, fatal complications associated with iv pentamidine therapy will be minimized. | 1991 | 2052980 |
| [pneumocystis carinii infection in a pediatric tuberculosis hospital]. | an outbreak of pneumocytosis in a children's tuberculosis hospital was analyzed. the infection was characterized by few signs and favourable progress. antibiotic therapy failed. to eliminate the outbreak of pneumocystosis in the hospital it was necessary to detect all the children with pneumocystosis and carriers of pneumocysts among the patients and medical staff, to use furazolidone for etiotropic treatment of the patients with pneumocystosis and to perform one-stage sanation of the carriers w ... | 1991 | 2053824 |
| diffuse lung uptake of tc-99m mdp associated with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient with neuroblastoma. | | 1991 | 2054986 |
| intensive care unit patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: suggested predictors of hospital outcome. | to define our icu experience with aids patients, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and respiratory failure, and to delineate factors predictive of hospital survival. | 1991 | 2055077 |
| nebulized pentamidine as prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | | 1991 | 2055807 |
| quantification and assessment of viability of pneumocystis carinii organisms by flow cytometry. | analysis of drug efficacy in animal models of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia requires an accurate method of quantification of organisms, as well as a means of assessing viability. lung homogenates were prepared from a colony of athymic nude f344 rats experiencing a spontaneous outbreak of p. carinii pneumonia. with the fluorescent nucleic acid stain propidium iodide, flow cytometric analysis was able to quantify p. carinii cysts and trophozoites reproducibly. as this stain is excluded by living ... | 1991 | 2056058 |
| [pneumocystis carinii recurrence after the use of prophylactic inhaled pentamidine. the unusual radiological findings]. | | 1991 | 2056804 |
| pneumocystis carinii stimulates in vitro production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha by human macrophages. | the ability of pneumocystis carinii to induce tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha release by monocytes/macrophages from immunocompetent humans was investigated. monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages from healthy individuals produced an increased amount of tnf-alpha when exposed to p. carinii cysts obtained from rats with steroid-induced pneumocystosis. the cysts induced increased tnf-alpha production in a dose-dependent manner; baseline tnf-alpha production was restored after addition of an a ... | 1991 | 2056962 |
| [accumulation of 67ga-citrate in the breasts of a patient with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids]. | | 1991 | 2057611 |
| [pneumocystitis carinii pneumonia in adult patients with aids]. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia continues to be the commonest opportunistic infection seen in aids patients. early diagnosis and treatment have caused the one-year survival in aids-patients with pcp to increase steadily. however, pcp is still the cause of death in 25% of the aids-patients. secondary prophylaxis with pentamidine-isethionate inhalations has reduced the risk of pcp relapse considerably. the risk of pcp is markedly increased at cd4-cell counts below 200 mio/l. therefore, inhalations ... | 1991 | 2058040 |
| early therapeutic intervention in hiv infection--stepping stones to success. | the improvement in survival observed in symptomatic hiv disease in the last three years may be accounted for by factors over and above the introduction of zidovudine therapy. such factors include earlier diagnosis and advances in the treatment and prophylaxis of life threatening opportunistic infections. these advances in the management of symptomatic hiv disease considerably influenced the move towards early intervention in asymptomatic infected individuals. currently two developments are chang ... | 1991 | 2059435 |
| heimlich valve treatment of pneumocystis carinii-associated pneumothorax. | two patients were treated for aids-associated bilateral pneumothoraces which persisted despite prolonged chest tube drainage. heimlich flutter valves were used to facilitate the outpatient management of these patients. | 1991 | 2060370 |
| some aspects of the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis and pneumocystosis in aids in europe. | the incidence and prevalence of toxoplasma gondii and pneumocystis carinii infections among aids patients in europe are different from those observed in the usa. these differences are probably causally related to differences in host exposure, and sociocultural and nutritional habits. | 1991 | 2060522 |
| an overview of the problem of toxoplasmosis and pneumocystosis in aids in the usa: implication for future therapeutic trials. | by the end of 1989, 18,518 cases of pneumocystis carinii infection and 5,614 cases of toxoplasma gondii infection were reported to the centers for disease control as the aids indicator disease. pneumocystosis did not vary according to gender, race or risk factors; whereas toxoplasmosis was more common in black males with no known risk factors. immigrants to the usa from africa, latin america and haiti are three to four times more likely to develop toxoplasmic encephalitis than american-born pati ... | 1991 | 2060523 |
| models for evaluating compounds for activity against pneumocystis carinii. | cultures and animal models have been developed to provide reproducible and uniform systems for evaluation of compounds for effects on pneumocystis carinii. the culture model allows rapid low-cost screening of drugs for activity against trophozoite forms. the animal models allow testing of efficacy for prophylaxis and therapy of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1991 | 2060530 |
| studies of the susceptibility of pneumocystis carinii to clindamycin/primaquine in rats. | studies in rat models showed that the combination of primaquine plus clindamycin was effective in the therapy and prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and that the combination was more effective than either drug alone. these studies formed the basis of ongoing clinical therapy studies and provide a basis for clinical studies of prophylactic efficacy. | 1991 | 2060531 |
| clindamycin and primaquine as primary treatment for mild and moderately severe pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with aids. | the combination of clindamycin and primaquine was investigated as primary treatment for mild or moderately severe pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient less than 40 torr) in 36 aids patients. all patients were treated with primaquine 30 mg (base) orally for 21 days. the first 22 patients were treated with clindamycin 900 mg i.v. q8h for the first 10 days, followed by clindamycin 450 mg q6h orally for 11 days. twenty of these 22 patients (91%) showed a marked clinical ... | 1991 | 2060532 |
| efficacy of clindamycin/primaquine versus trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in primary treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | mild to moderately severe pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with aids was treated in a clinical trial with a combination regimen of primaquine and clindamycin, and the efficacy of this regimen was compared with that of the conventional treatment regimen of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. the results revealed that primaquine/clindamycin appears to be an equally effective alternative to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. the spectrum of side-effects was similar for the two regimens; side-effec ... | 1991 | 2060533 |
| clindamycin/primaquine for treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids. | in an open clinical trial, 109 episodes of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (70 proven and 39 highly probable) were treated with clindamycin/primaquine. these episodes were in 35 patients who failed on standard therapy and 15 who did not tolerate standard therapy; 59 patients received this regimen as their initial treatment. the clinical outcome was excellent with only 8 cases of failures encountered (6 patients also failed on standard therapy). the onset of clinical response was obvious in less t ... | 1991 | 2060534 |
| [techniques applicable to broncho-alveolar lavage fluid in hospital laboratory for the diagnosis of parasitic and fungal pneumopathies in immunosuppressed patients]. | parasitic and fungal organisms which are likely to cause pulmonary infections in immunosuppressed patients can be detected in broncho-alveolar fluid (bal fluid). single and standard methods, such as direct examination of the pellet, eosine-methylene blue fast (ral 555), cultures in usual mediums of mycology must be systematically applied to this sample and may help detect these organisms without further exploration. if the results are negative, more recent techniques can be used if they present ... | 1991 | 2064088 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: new approaches to diagnosis, treatment and prevention. | | 1991 | 2067889 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: effect of corticosteroid treatment on radiographic appearance in a patient with aids. | dramatic radiographic and clinical resolution of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia occurred in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome after corticosteroids were added to his standard antimicrobial treatment regimen. no cause other than p carinii infection could be demonstrated for the patient's pulmonary disease, and his clinical and radiographic abnormalities waxed and waned in synchrony with decreases and increases in his dose of corticosteroids. | 1991 | 2068305 |
| pneumocystis carinii is rare in aids in central africa. | pneumocystis carinii occurs in 60-65% of cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in europe and north america. its prevalence in africa is unknown, however, due to a lack of suitable investigative techniques. initial studies suggest that this parasitic complication may be lower in africa. an investigation of aids case in harare, zimbabwe, revealed pneumocystosis in only 22%. reported here are the results of a study of 45 congolese patients with aids conducted at the brazzavile universi ... | 1991 | 2068770 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after heart transplantation. | five patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after heart transplantation are reported. four had severe clinical symptoms, whereas 1 was asymptomatic. mechanical ventilatory support was necessary in 1 because of respiratory distress. pneumocystis carinii infection developed in 4 patients within the first 4 postoperative months, and 1 patient had clinical disease 1 year after transplantation with a recurrence 9 months later. all were treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole either orally or ... | 1991 | 2069436 |
| [pathomorphology of experimental pneumocystosis and cytogenesis of the pathogen pneumocystis carinii]. | a lung pneumocystosis model has been developed in white non-inbred rats (83 animals). the pathological process develops during 1 month versus 2-3 months in other models. pathomorphology is in principle similar to human pneumocystosis. bauer's method appeared to be the simplest and adequate for the detection of mature pneumocysts in the lung sections among many other methods used. | 1991 | 2069524 |
| pneumocystis carinii, an opportunist in immunocompromised patients. | pneumocystis carinii has been recognized as a cause of pneumonia in immunocompromised patients for over 40 years. until the 1980s, pneumocystis pneumonia (pneumocystosis) was most often seen in patients undergoing chemotherapy for malignancy or transplantation. infection could be prevented by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis; thus, it was an uncommon clinical problem. with the onset of the aids epidemic, pneumocystis pneumonia has become a major problem in the united states because it d ... | 1991 | 2070342 |
| optimising technetium 99m diethylene triamine penta-acetate lung clearance in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) has become a major cause of morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases, largely as a result of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) epidemic. since the mortality from recurrent infection is between 40% and 60%, early diagnosis and therapy are the keys to survival. the role of technetium 99m diethylene triamine penta-acetate (dtpa) aerosol pulmonary clearance was studied in 81 patients with aids. the mathematical technique of curve stripping w ... | 1991 | 2070802 |
| adult respiratory distress syndrome complicating pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | | 1991 | 2071131 |
| cost differentials in the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | | 1991 | 2071913 |
| [ultrasonic nebulised pentamidine for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | our retrospective study for ultrasonic nebulised pentamidine in 13 patients shows that 7 of 8 patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp), proven by biopsy examination, were cured (recovery rate, 88%). two of these 8 patients were mainly treated by nebulised pentamidine and the other 5 patients were administered parenteral pentamidine before the nebulised pentamidine therapy and the final 1 patient died on day 9 without clinical improvement with nebulised pentamidine as well as convention ... | 1991 | 2071948 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in simian immunodeficiency virus infection: immunohistological and scanning and transmission electron microscopical studies. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia occurred in 6 of 17 rhesus monkeys infected with simian immunodeficiency virus and was studied by immunohistochemistry and by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. a monoclonal antibody/streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase staining method was highly sensitive for detecting the organisms in small, early lesions and was much more sensitive and specific than traditional silver impregnation methods. reprocessing of paraffin wax-embedded lung tissue for scanning elec ... | 1991 | 2072217 |
| [multiple pitted nodule images in aids. apropos of a case]. | a new semiological aspect of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is reported in an aids patient. this pneumopathie is unusual because of its pitted nodules and its occurrence in a patient under prophylactic aerosol pentamidine therapy. | 1991 | 2072343 |
| [digestive manifestations and metabolic acidosis secondary to intravenous administration of cotrimoxazol]. | digestive features and metabolic acidosis have been observed in patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia treated with intravenous high dose co-trimoxazole. | 1991 | 2072774 |
| [kaposi's sarcoma with primary pulmonary involvement in a parenteral drug addict with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. | pulmonary kaposi's sarcoma (ks) was diagnosed by pulmonary biopsy in a heterosexual parenteral drug abuser (pda). the patient had previously been diagnosed of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis. thoracic computed tomography (ct) showed bilateral nodular lesions which were less apparent in conventional radiological study and which increased in size in spite of correct therapy. as cutaneous lesions suggesting ks subsequently appeared, the possibility of pulmonary ks was cons ... | 1991 | 2072777 |
| improved detection of pneumocystis carinii by an immunofluorescence technique using monoclonal antibodies. | to assess whether a recently developed indirect immunofluorescent stain using monoclonal antibodies was more sensitive in detecting pneumocystis carinii than the combination of giemsa and methenamine silver nitrate stains which has routinely been used in the laboratory, 88 lavage fluid specimens and 34 induced sputum specimens were examined. all specimens were stained by five techniques: immunofluorescence using a combination of three monoclonal antibodies (from the national institutes of health ... | 1990 | 2073898 |
| legionellosis in patients with hiv infection. | during the five-year period 1984-1988 we received 192 specimens from 180 patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) for investigation of legionella infection. the majority of specimens were bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluids (84%), but tracheal suctions and lung tissue from autopsies were also examined. the diagnostic methods used were a direct immunofluorescence assay (dfa) for the detection of legionella antigen, and culture on buffered charcoal yeast extract (bcye-alpha) m ... | 1990 | 2076906 |
| molecular biology of pneumocystis carinii. | | 1990 | 2078032 |
| development of pentamidine analogues as new agents for the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | | 1990 | 2078033 |
| [complexities in the diagnosis of pneumocystis pneumonia]. | the authors provide clinical evidence for difficulties encountered in the diagnosis of pneumocystis pneumonia. show the role of the methods such as examination of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serological blood testing aimed at detection of the liter of antibodies to pneumocystis carinii. | 1990 | 2084906 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: an atypical presentation with lung cavitations. | the differential diagnosis of lung cavitations is very broad. we report a case of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) with lung cavitations on the chest x-ray in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). we discuss the differential diagnosis of such an x-ray pattern and emphasize that multiple cavitations can be a roentgenographic presentation of pcp. | 1990 | 2090486 |
| [bilateral cavitated lesions in pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carinii in a female patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. | | 1990 | 2090901 |
| [aids pathology: various critical considerations (especially regarding the brain, the heart, the lungs, the hypophysis and the adrenal glands]. | our studies on pathology of aids point to four major conclusions. 1) the brain is often directly affected by the hiv infection (with the characteristics of subacute microglial encephalitis with pathognomonic multinucleated giant cells) and then by opportunistic infections such as cytomegalovirus, herpes-virus, papova-virus jc (with progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy), mycobacterium tuberculosis, toxoplasma gondii, cryptococcus neoformans, candida albicans and aspergillus fumigatus; oppor ... | 1990 | 2094837 |
| [diagnosis of pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carinii using induced sputum]. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is one of the most common and severe infections in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. classically, the diagnosis of this condition is made with aggressive techniques such as fibrobronchoscopy (fbs) with bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) or pulmonary biopsy. sputum induction is a relatively recent technique which permits the diagnosis in a rapid, inexpensive way which is not aggressive for the patient. we have carried out 22 sputum inductions dur ... | 1990 | 2095264 |
| prognostic score for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | sixty episodes of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in 59 patients were evaluated for risk factors predicting fatal outcome within 14 days after bronchoscopy. we found significantly higher values for serum lactate dehydrogenase (p less than 0.001), alveolar-arterial oxygen difference (p less than 0.001) and percentage of bronchoalveolar lavage neutrophils (p less than 0.001) in patients dying within 14 days, but there was considerable overlap of these variables between the two groups. using a score ... | 1990 | 2095609 |
| [construction of a genomic dna library of toxoplasma gondii (zs2 strain), screening of specific clone and dna diagnosis of toxoplasmosis]. | we have constructed a genomic dna library of toxoplasma gondii (zs2 strain) and screened out a specific dna sequence for t. gondii. the restriction map of the cloned dna fragment (1.1kb) was analysed. the southern and dot-blot analyses showed that the 32p-labeled cloned dna fragment hybridized to the parasite dna, dnas from peripheral white blood cells and thymus of baby pigs artificially infected with t. gondii and dnas of t. gondii- positive anencephalus and hydrocephalus, but did not hybridiz ... | 1990 | 2095993 |
| infection with pneumocystis carinii is prevalent in healthy gambian children. | pneumocystis pneumonia is rarely identified in the many immunosuppressed individuals with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) and malnutrition in africa. to test whether infection with pneumocystis carinii occurs in the continent we conducted a comparative serological study, measuring by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antibodies to the parasite in 150 healthy young individuals from both britain and the gambian savanna. the prevalence of significant titres of antibody to p. carinii stea ... | 1990 | 2096511 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with hiv infection at a spanish hospital]. | thirty cases of a first episode of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with hiv infection were collected in a 32 month period. most patients had long standing fever, cough and dyspnea. laboratory findings were nonspecific. remarkably, ldh activity was high in 88% of patients and the t4 lymphocyte count was lower than 200/mm3 in all patients in whom it was measured. chest radiogram showed bilateral alveolar-interstitial pattern in 90% of cases. bronchoalveolar lavage with ultracentrifugati ... | 1990 | 2098145 |
| [macrophages from healthy adults release tnf-alpha after exposure to pneumocystis carinii of murine origin. preliminary study]. | the ability of pneumocystis carinii to induce tnf-alpha release by macrophages from adult healthy humans was investigated. monocytes and monocytes derived macrophages produced an high amount of tnf-alpha when exposed to p. carinii cysts obtained from rats with steroid induced pneumocystosis. tnf-alpha release was p. carinii specific as shown by the inhibition exerted by the anti-p. carinii hyperimmune serum and it was not mediated by putative traces of endotoxin. | 1990 | 2099981 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in hiv infections. committee of the 1st consensus conference of anti-infectious therapy organized in may 1990 in paris by the société de pathologie infectieuse de langue française]. | at the end of the first consensus conference on anti-infectious therapy organized by the french language society of infectious pathology in may 1990 and devoted to pneumocystosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, the consensus committee produced this paper which answers the following 4 questions: what are the indications, technical requirements, sensitivity and benefits of induced expectoration in the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia? what are the initial ... | 1990 | 2100027 |
| aerosolised pentamidine for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | the goal of this study was to evaluate inhaled pentamidine for the treatment of patients with mild and moderate pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis. eight adults with aids and pneumocystis pneumonia (4 with a first episode and 4 with a repeat pneumocystosis) received daily inhalations of aerosol pentamidine isethionate for 21 days. six patients were treated with doses of 300 mg of pentamidine and the remaining 2 received 600 mg every day. in the 300 mg treatment group, 2 individuals showed discrete ... | 1990 | 2101523 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | | 1990 | 2103190 |
| [pneumothorax, pneumocystis carinii, and aids]. | spontaneous pneumothorax can be a complication of several pulmonary diseases, such as pulmonary emphysema, chronic bronchitis and interstitial pulmonary disease. nevertheless, it is a rare complication of any pneumonia, there is no description of necrosis or abscess caused by pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. we present a case of spontaneous pneumothorax (which was not resolved), being a reason for admission, of a patient with aids who developed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia during the stay in ho ... | 1990 | 2103785 |
| visceral and nodal calcification in patients with aids-related pneumocystis carinii infection. | clinical and radiologic findings in nine patients with aids and disseminated pneumocystis carinii infection were analyzed retrospectively. the diagnosis was confirmed by autopsy (five patients) and by biopsy (two patients). all nine had a history of p. carinii pneumonia. ct showed parenchymal calcifications in the spleen (seven patients), liver (six patients), kidneys (six patients), abdominal lymph nodes (three patients), adrenal glands (two patients), and mediastinal lymph nodes (one patient). ... | 1990 | 2104720 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | | 1990 | 2106927 |
| prevention of infection in acute leukemia. | in a randomized study comparing cotrimoxazole plus colistin with ciprofloxacin, each in combination with nonabsorbable antimycotics, the incidence of major infections in terms of septicemias and pneumonias as well as of minor infections and episodes of unexplained fever (fuo) was higher in patients treated with ciprofloxacin. in cases of microbiologically documented infections, gram-positive cocci dominated by far. in surveillance cultures of oral washings and of feces, gram-negative enterobacte ... | 1990 | 2108911 |
| extrapulmonary pneumocystis carinii in a patient with aids: sonographic findings. | | 1990 | 2112868 |
| imipenem resistance in a case of aids with relapsing pseudomonas meningitis. | we describe an aids patient who had a recurrence of pseudomonas meningitis to illustrate three points. first, the use of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim in aids patients for prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia may cause the various body sites to be colonized with resistant species such as p aeruginosa. second, pseudomonas meningitis can recur in a patient with aids after a month of appropriate therapy. finally, imipenem is a poor choice for pseudomonas meningitis, even when alternative t ... | 1990 | 2116669 |
| aerosol therapy in aids. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) is the most common presenting symptom in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). clinical trials have shown that inhaled pentamidine, delivered by nebulizer, is an effective prophylaxis for pcp in high-risk patients, and can be used to treat mild to moderate episodes. side effects are minor, in marked contrast to the parenteral route of administration. the choice of nebulizer system will determine both alveolar delivery of pentamidine and ... | 1990 | 2117180 |
| requirement for cd4+ cells in resistance to pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in mice. | the importance of cd4+ cells in resistance to pneumocystis carinii (pc) in pc-susceptible severe combined immunodeficient (scid) mice that were made resistant to pc by immunocompetent spleen cell transfer, and in conventional pc-resistant mice, was investigated. scid mice with naturally acquired pc pneumonia (pcp) were given infusions of spleen cells from immunocompetent donors. this reconstitution caused the recipients to resolve their pcp. treatment of reconstituted scid mice with anti-cd4 mon ... | 1990 | 2117637 |
| a prospective, randomized, double-blind study of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for prophylaxis of infection in renal transplantation: clinical efficacy, absorption of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, effects on the microflora, and the cost-benefit of prophylaxis. | to determine the efficacy of long-term prophylaxis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz) for prevention of bacterial infection following renal transplantation, the absorption of tmp-smz in transplant patients, the effects of prophylaxis on the microflora, and the cost-benefit of prophylaxis. | 1990 | 2118307 |
| enhanced treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in rats with interferon-gamma and reduced doses of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. | interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) was used to treat rats with steroid-induced pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). treatment with 427,000 u/day prophylactically prevented infection in this model. treatment with 200,000 u, three times/week for 2 weeks caused a significant reduction in the number of cysts in the lungs and prolonged survival of the rats. in addition, ifn-gamma and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole behaved synergistically in the treatment of pcp in rats. reduced dosages of each drug, when g ... | 1990 | 2118951 |
| therapy and prophylaxis of systemic protozoan infections. | this article summarises current therapy and prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii, toxoplasma gondii, leishmania species, african trypanosomes (trypanosoma brucei gambiense and t. b. rhodesiense), and american trypanosome (trypanosoma cruzi) infections. each agent and the disease it causes is briefly reviewed, and current data on the structure, mode of action, indications for treatment, dosage, administration, duration of therapy, efficacy, toxicity, and necessary monitoring during therapy are di ... | 1990 | 2121456 |
| mechanism of pneumocystis carinii attachment to cultured rat alveolar macrophages. | pneumocystis carinii (pc) pneumonia begins as an intra-alveolar process resulting in injury to the alveolar epithelium with subsequent invasion of the lung interstitium. the clearance of pc organisms from the alveolar space is a critical function of alveolar macrophages (am), the resident alveolar phagocytic cells. in this study the mechanism of pc attachment to am was determined using 51cr-labeled organisms, with pc attachment reaching a maximum of 18.9 +/- 2.5% after 4 h. attachment was signif ... | 1990 | 2122981 |
| pneumocystis carinii otitis media in aids: a case report and review of the literature regarding extrapulmonary pneumocystosis. | | 1990 | 2126106 |
| acute phase response in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | the acute phase response induced by 19 episodes of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) was analysed in a retrospective study. there were 9 men and 1 woman with hiv, aged 25-45 years (mean 37.2) and 4 men and 4 women with other immunodeficiencies, aged 18-35 years (mean 26.2). the outcome of these two groups with pcp did not differ: in the hiv group 4 died and in the non-hiv group 2 died. in the hiv group, peak serum c-reactive protein (s-crp) ranged 41-228 mg/l, mean 126 (77.3), and in the non- ... | 1990 | 2126643 |
| [pneumocystis carinii: an optic and electron microscopy study in samplings of 16 cases]. | sixteen patients with p. carinii infection were studied between 1977 and 1989; 12 were male and the age ranged from 4 months to 53 years old. 19 samples, 5 from autopsy, 7 from biopsy and 7 cytological aspirates were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, gomori-grocott, giemsa and 0 toluidine. autopsy material was studied by transmission electron microscopy. the diagnosis was made premortem in 11 patients. aids was the underlying disease in 6 patients, the rest having other immunodepressant conditions ... | 1990 | 2131506 |
| the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus infection: a five year study in a london cohort of homosexual men. | progression rates from asymptomatic to symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection according to the cdc classification were prospectively studied in a cohort of 172 seropositive homosexual and bisexual men. the median follow-up time was 4 years. the progression from data of entry to the study to any group iv disease was 56% (se 7%) at 5 years. however, the progression from an estimated date of seroconversion to any group iv disease was 36% (se 4%) at 5 years. this was more than doub ... | 1990 | 2133371 |
| [unusual association of staphylococcus aureus tricuspid endocarditis and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in parenteral drug addicts]. | | 1990 | 2135585 |
| trends and patterns of opportunistic diseases in danish aids patients 1980-1990. | we analysed the aids-defining diseases in all 618 notified aids patients in denmark by june 30, 1990, and looked for trends and associations over time. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) was the most commonly reported disease (47%), and showed some but insignificant changes over time. the number of patients reported with kaposi's sarcoma (ks) declined significantly from 33% in 1980-84 to 12% in 1990. ks was reported 5 times as often in homosexual men as in all other aids patients while esophag ... | 1990 | 2135639 |
| trimetrexate-leucovorin dosage evaluation study for treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | to determine the maximal tolerable dosage of trimetrexate for treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia, 25 patients were treated each day with 45 mg/m2 of trimetrexate and 80 mg/m2 of leucovorin; 10 received 60 mg/m2 and 80 mg/m2; 12 received 60 mg/m2 and 160 mg/m2; and 6 received 90 mg/m2 and 160 mg/m2, respectively. leucovorin was increased twofold and trimetrexate reduced by 50% or suspended briefly for various levels of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia until blood counts increased. dosage-modifyi ... | 1990 | 2136905 |
| a new model of pneumocystis carinii infection in mice selectively depleted of helper t lymphocytes. | pulmonary infections with pneumocystis carinii are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with aids. p. carinii infections are seen in patients with decreased numbers of helper t lymphocytes, suggesting that these cells are important in preventing infection. to test this hypothesis, we sought to establish experimental infection with p. carinii in mice selectively depleted of helper t lymphocytes. weekly injections of a monoclonal anti-cd4 antibody produced sustained depletion ... | 1990 | 2139668 |
| [pneumonia in aids: a case of co-infection caused by toxoplasma gondii and pneumocystis carinii]. | | 1990 | 2139953 |
| [adult t-cell leukemia and non-malignant adenopathies associated with htlv i virus. apropos of 17 patients born in the caribbean region and africa]. | adult t-cell leukaemia is the first blood disease caused by a retrovirus: htlv-1. the authors report the first french series of 15 patients, of whom 9 came from the classical endemic areas--the antilles and outer caribbean islands--and 6 from africa where the serological prevalence of htlv-1 is high but few cases of adult t-cell leukaemia have been reported. emphasis is laid on the importance of immunodeficiency (refractory strongyloidiasis, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, polyclonal b lymphopro ... | 1990 | 2140159 |
| recent advances in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | in summary, recent advances in our ability to diagnose, treat, and prevent recurrences of pneumocystis pneumonia have significantly improved the clinical management of this infection, especially in hiv-1-infected individuals. as current investigations allow our therapeutic armamentarium in this disease to be strengthened even further, it is likely that pneumocystis pneumonia will pose a diminishing threat to those patients currently most susceptible to this infection. | 1990 | 2140495 |
| [preventive pentamidine inhalation in patients with hiv infection (cd3 and cd4) in ambulatory practice]. | over a time-period of twelve months in a one-center drug monitoring trial a) the efficacy of pentamidine-aerosol for the prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and b) the patient compliance was investigated. the results of 73 patients who have been treated since the fourth quarter 1988, were evaluated. none of the patients developed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. two patients on suspicion of beginning pneumocystis carinii pneumonia improved their clinical and radiological state with high ... | 1990 | 2142750 |
| hypersensitivity reactions to trimetrexate. | trimetrexate is a nonclassical antifol currently being tested for efficacy in cancer patients and as an antiparasitic agent against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids patients. we have now received the first reports of hypersensitivity reactions in phase ii cancer trials. two types of reactions were noted. the most severe reaction, immediate hypotension with loss of consciousness, occurred in only one patient. four other patients exhibited an immediate systemic effect with one or more of the ... | 1990 | 2143501 |
| management of infectious complications of bone marrow transplantation. | following bone marrow transplantation, patients are profoundly immunodeficient and susceptible to a variety of opportunistic infections. the types of infections vary during different intervals after transplantation. before engraftment, neutropenia and damaged mucosal surfaces are the predominant deficits in host defenses against infection, and bacterial and fungal infections are the most common infections encountered. during the early post-engraftment period, acute graft-versus-host disease and ... | 1990 | 2143670 |
| [cavitary pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids]. | | 1990 | 2143830 |
| relapse pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis and adverse reaction to current therapy in patients with aids: trimetrexate as an alternative. | this is a case report of a 31-yr-old homosexual male with aids, admitted to our clinic with a relapse p. carinii pneumonitis (pcp) and a previous history of severe adverse reactions to currently used therapy. he was treated successfully with trimetrexate (tmtx), a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor combined with leucovorin rescue. adverse reactions, current therapy and prophylaxis of pcp in aids are discussed. | 1990 | 2145521 |
| hypoglycaemia and diabetes mellitus following parenteral pentamidine mesylate treatment in aids patients. | of 18 aids patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia treated with pentamidine mesylate parenterally, four developed serious to severe hypoglycaemia, three hypoglycaemia followed by insulin-requiring diabetes, and two others diabetes alone. hypoglycaemia (blood glucose 2.1 +/- 0.2 (+/- se) mmol l-1) occurred 9 (2-22) days after starting treatment, and diabetes (initial blood glucose 30 +/- 6 mmol l-1) after 60 (20-90) days. the other patients remained euglycaemic. the dysglycaemic patients (hy ... | 1990 | 2146064 |
| [an unusual cause of infection in patients with multiple trauma: pneumocystis carinii]. | | 1990 | 2147272 |