| chemical and enzymatic synthesis and antiviral properties of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoroguanosine. | chemical and enzymatic methods were employed for the synthesis of the title compound, 2'f-guo 7. high antiviral activity of 2'f-guo was established in chick embryo cells infected with influenza virus fpv/rostock/34 (h7n1) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) type i (1c strain). | 1999 | 10432666 |
| the comparative effects of famciclovir and valacyclovir on herpes simplex virus type 1 infection, latency, and reactivation in mice. | infections by herpes simplex virus (hsv) cannot yet be eliminated, but the severity of the disease can be reduced. two newer drugs with established efficacy for such infections, famciclovir and valacyclovir, were tested in a mouse eye model of hsv infection. both drugs significantly reduced mortality and titers of virus shed from the eyes of mice infected with an otherwise lethal dose of hsv type 1 (hsv-1). similar titers of hsv-1 were found in the eyes, ganglia, and brains of treated animals. a ... | 1999 | 10438344 |
| the herpes simplex virus vhs protein induces endoribonucleolytic cleavage of target rnas in cell extracts. | the herpes simplex virus virion host shutoff (vhs) protein (ul41 gene product) is a component of the hsv virion tegument that triggers shutoff of host protein synthesis and accelerated mrna degradation during the early stages of hsv infection. previous studies have demonstrated that extracts from hsv-infected cells and partially purified hsv virions display vhs-dependent rnase activity and that vhs is sufficient to trigger accelerated rna degradation when expressed as the only hsv protein in an ... | 1999 | 10438802 |
| a duplex pcr assay for detection and genotyping of herpes simplex virus in cerebrospinal fluid. | a duplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for the detection and genotyping of herpes simplex virus (hsv) 1 and 2 from cerebrospinal fluid (cfs) of infants was developed. the glycoprotein d (gd) gene of hsv was selected as a target for amplification. the assay is highly specific, sensitive and reproducible. herpes simplex virus detection is performed by agarose gel electrophoresis and southern blot using a chemiluminescent probe. the probe hybridizes to sequences common to both hsv-1 and 2. ... | 1999 | 10441204 |
| molecular analysis of behavior by gene transfer into neurons with herpes simplex vectors. | one goal of neuroscience is to define the molecular and cellular basis for behavior and neurological diseases. a novel approach to this problem is based on the use of viral vectors to transfect specific genes into specific brain cell populations. this review focuses on herpes simplex-based vectors. major advances have recently been made to improve the characteristics of these vectors, in particular to reduce their toxicity, to modulate the greatness and the time-course of transgene expression, t ... | 1999 | 10448194 |
| serological evaluation of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 infections in pregnancy. | serological evaluation of herpes simplex virus infections during pregnancy. | 1999 | 10448394 |
| gene transfer into the mammalian inner ear using hsv-1 and vaccinia virus vectors. | the introduction of foreign genes into cells has become an effective means of achieving intracellular expression of foreign proteins, both for therapeutic purposes and for experimental manipulation. gene delivery to the nervous system has been extensively studied, primarily using viral vectors. however, to date less work has focused on gene delivery to the inner ear, and existing studies have primarily used adenovirus and adeno-associated virus. using two recombinant viral vectors, herpes simple ... | 1999 | 10452370 |
| natural killer (nk) cells prevent virus production in cell culture. | natural killer (nk) cells (cd3-/cd16+/cd56+ lymphocytes) play an important role in early immune defense against viral infection, a fact which is of prime significance for heavily immunosuppressed patients after bone marrow transplantation. in this study we demonstrate that nk cells preferentially lyse human colon adenocarcinoma (colo-205) tumor cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and vaccinia virus (vv) and autologous t cells infected with vv. this phenomenon was assessed by ... | 1999 | 10455347 |
| mooren ulcer in south india: serology and clinical risk factors. | to investigate the rate of undiagnosed rheumatologic diseases and hepatitis c infection among patients with the clinical diagnosis of mooren ulcer seen at aravind eye hospital, madurai, south india. | 1999 | 10458177 |
| rapid identification and differentiation of baboon alphaherpesvirus sa8 from closely related hsv-1 and hsv-2 in xenograft transplant recipients. | background: rapid differential diagnosis of sa8 infection in humans following xenograft transplantation is an essential part of organ cell donor recipients. methods and results: we have developed a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based test using synthetic oligonucleotide primers and probe to detect sa8 dna in clinical samples. after assessing the specificity of the pcr for detection of laboratory sa8 isolates, the method was used in the investigation of human and baboon specimens and compared t ... | 1996 | 10462569 |
| improved titers for helper virus-free herpes simplex virus type 1 plasmid vectors by optimization of the packaging protocol and addition of noninfectious herpes simplex virus-related particles (previral dna replication enveloped particles) to the packaging procedure. | a helper virus-free herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) plasmid vector system has potential for both gene therapy and physiological studies, but relatively low titers have complicated use of this system. in this article, the packaging efficiency was improved by optimizing the packaging protocol and by adding noninfectious hsv-1-related particles, i.e., previral dna replication enveloped particles (preps), during the packaging procedure. preps contain many of the tegument proteins that are though ... | 1999 | 10466634 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 infection has two separate modes of spread in three-dimensional keratinocyte culture. | this study describes the outcome of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection in an organotypic raft culture of spontaneously immortalized hacat keratinocytes and human fibroblasts, as related to the virus load and epithelial stratification and differentiation. in this model, a confluent monolayer of hacat keratinocytes was formed 60 h after seeding. inoculation of hsv-1 before induction of differentiation by lifting of the culture to the air-liquid interface always resulted in a productive ... | 1999 | 10466814 |
| the relationship between interleukin-6 and herpes simplex virus type 1: implications for behavior and immunopathology. | cytokines are hormones once thought to be restricted to the immune system produced solely by hematopoietic-derived cells and acting on receptors expressed by cells of the immune system. however, it is now clear that many cytokines are produced not only by lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and dendritic cells but are also synthesized by cells outside the realm of the immune system in response to stimuli that may not be associated with immune homeostasis. in fact, there is evidence supporting ... | 1999 | 10469522 |
| the differential impact of training stress and final examination stress on herpesvirus latency at the united states military academy at west point. | in this study, we searched for evidence for reactivation of three latent herpesviruses, epstein-barr virus (ebv), herpes simplex virus type-1 (hsv-1), and human herpesvirus 6 (hhv-6), in west point cadets experiencing two different stressors. blood samples were obtained from cadets before and after a 6-week training period known as "cadet basic training" (cbt), at a baseline prior to final examinations, and then once again during the week of final examinations. antibody titers to latent hsv-1, e ... | 1999 | 10469525 |
| an efficient in vivo recombination cloning procedure for modifying and combining hsv-1 cosmids. | a helper virus-free herpes simplex virus type-1 (hsv-1) plasmid vector system developed recently may have applications in gene therapy and basic physiological studies. this system might be improved by mutating specific hsv-1 genes in the packaging system and by creating large vectors. an in vivo recombination cloning procedure is reported that supports the routine manipulation of relatively large dnas such as the five cosmids that comprise this helper virus-free hsv-1 packaging system. in vivo r ... | 1999 | 10471022 |
| assays for noninvasive imaging of reporter gene expression. | repeated, noninvasive imaging of reporter gene expression is emerging as a valuable tool for monitoring the expression of genes in animals and humans. monitoring of organ/cell transplantation in living animals and humans, and the assessment of environmental, behavioral, and pharmacologic modulation of gene expression in transgenic animals should soon be possible. the earliest clinical application is likely to be monitoring human gene therapy in tumors transduced with the herpes simplex virus typ ... | 1999 | 10473186 |
| no changes in paired viral antibody titers during the course of acute schizophrenia. | although there have been many studies surveying the prevalence of specific viral antibodies in a large cohort of patients with schizophrenia, changes in antibody levels during the course of acute illness have not been fully investigated. we conducted a preliminary study investigating levels of antibodies to 5 herpesviruses (herpes simplex virus type 1, cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus, varicella-zoster virus and human herpesvirus type 6) and 6 other viruses (measles, rubella, mumps, influenza ... | 1999 | 10474057 |
| mechanism and application of genetic recombination in herpesviruses. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) is a ubiquitous human pathogen that latently infects sensory ganglia and encodes over 80 genes in a 152 kbp dna genome. this well characterised virus provides a model for analysing genetic recombination in herpesviruses, a fundamental biological process by which new combinations of genetic materials are generated. the frequency of homologous recombination was estimated to be 0.0048-0.007 (0.48%-0.7%)/kb of the hsv-1 genome, determined using physical markers. t ... | 1999 | 10479778 |
| reactivation of herpes virus after lamellar keratoplasty. | to determine if lamellar keratoplasty in rabbits latently infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) would stimulate graft recipients to shed virus and induce viral-specific corneal lesions. | 1999 | 10482469 |
| herpes simplex keratitis in south india: clinico-virological correlation. | a retrospective cross-section study to analyze the prevalence of herpes simplex virus-induced keratitis (hsk) among 3,000 patients attending a corneal clinic in south india between 1995 and 1997, and to evaluate laboratory techniques for detecting hsk. | 1999 | 10482477 |
| the u(l)3 protein of herpes simplex virus 1 is translated predominantly from the second in-frame methionine codon and is subject to at least two posttranslational modifications. | the u(l)3 open reading frame (orf) has the coding capacity of 235 codons. the proteins reacting with the anti-u(l)3 antibody form in denaturing polyacrylamide gel bands with apparent m(r)s of 34,000, 35,000, 38,000, 40,000, 41,000, and 42,000 and designated 1 to 6, respectively. studies on their origins revealed the following. (i) the u(l)3 proteins forming all six bands were present in lysates of cells infected with wild-type virus and treated with tunicamycin or monensin or in cells infected w ... | 1999 | 10482549 |
| the first immunoglobulin-like domain of hvec is sufficient to bind herpes simplex virus gd with full affinity, while the third domain is involved in oligomerization of hvec. | the human herpesvirus entry mediator c (hvec/prr1) is a member of the immunoglobulin family used as a cellular receptor by the alphaherpesviruses herpes simplex virus (hsv), pseudorabies virus, and bovine herpesvirus type 1. we previously demonstrated direct binding of the purified hvec ectodomain to purified hsv type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 glycoprotein d (gd). here, using a baculovirus expression system, we constructed and purified truncated forms of the receptor containing one [hvec(143t)], two [ ... | 1999 | 10482562 |
| perturbation of cell cycle progression and cellular gene expression as a function of herpes simplex virus icp0. | herpes simplex virus type 1 is capable of inhibiting host cell dna synthesis following lytic infection. however, the mechanism and nature of potential effects on cell cycle progression have not been described. in this report, we characterize the dysregulation of the cell cycle following infection with the replication-incompetent virus d106, where immediate-early gene expression is restricted to infected-cell polypeptide 0 (icp0) and the expression of all other viral genes is dramatically reduced ... | 1999 | 10482575 |
| treatment of hsv-1 infection with immunoglobulin or acyclovir: comparison of their effects on viral spread, latency, and reactivation. | we compared immunoglobulin (igg) and acyclovir (acv) therapies on the establishment, maintenance, and reactivation from latency of hsv-1(mckrae) in a mouse ocular infection model. mice were given one intraperitoneal (ip) dose of human igg 24 h after infection (day 1 p. i.) or acv in the drinking water from days 1 to 7 p.i. both treatments allowed similar percentages of mice to survive the infection and decreased ocular virus shedding as compared with untreated controls. at most time points, ther ... | 1999 | 10489356 |
| herpes simplex virus mediated gene transfer to primate ocular tissues. | we evaluated the feasibility of delivering a gene into monkey eyes using a replication-competent herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 ribonucleotide reductase mutant (hrr3) expressing the escherichia coli lacz gene. to determine the efficiency of in vitro hsv-mediated gene transfer, cultured human trabecular meshwork (htm) and human ciliary muscle (hcm) cells were infected with hrr3 and beta-galactosidase activity was measured histochemically. six cynomolgus monkey eyes received viral injections in ... | 1999 | 10504272 |
| the multifunctional herpes simplex virus ie63 protein interacts with heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein k and with casein kinase 2. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), the prototype alpha-herpesvirus, causes several prominent diseases. the hsv-1 immediate early (ie) protein ie63 (icp27) is the only regulatory gene with a homologue in every mammalian and avian herpesvirus sequenced so far. ie63 is a multifunctional protein affecting transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes, and it can shuttle from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. to identify interacting cellular proteins, a hela cdna library was screened in the yeast ... | 1999 | 10506147 |
| bell's palsy and hsv-1 infection. | | 1999 | 10514225 |
| development and evaluation of microbicidal hydrogels containing monoglyceride as the active ingredient. | a number of medium-chain saturated and long-chain unsaturated fatty acids and their monoglycerides were tested against herpes simplex virus (hsv-1) to determine which lipids were most active during a short incubation time. the aim was to find which lipid would be preferable as the active ingredient in a virucidal hydrogel formulation for the purpose of preventing transmission of pathogens to mucosal membranes, particularly sexually transmitted viruses, such as herpes simplex virus and human immu ... | 1999 | 10514348 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate-early protein vmw110 inhibits progression of cells through mitosis and from g(1) into s phase of the cell cycle. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) immediate-early protein vmw110 stimulates the onset of virus infection in a multiplicity-dependent manner and is required for efficient reactivation from latency. recent work has shown that vmw110 is able to interact with or modify the stability of several cellular proteins. in this report we analyze the ability of vmw110 to inhibit the progression of cells through the cell cycle. we show by fluorescence-activated cell sorter and/or confocal microscopy analysi ... | 1999 | 10516054 |
| antiviral properties of isoborneol, a potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type 1. | isoborneol, a monoterpene and a component of several plant essential oils, showed dual viricidal activity against herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1). first, it inactivated hsv-1 by almost 4 log10 values within 30 min of exposure, and second, isoborneol at a concentration of 0.06% completely inhibited viral replication, without affecting viral adsorption. isoborneol did not exhibit significant cytotoxicity at concentrations ranging between 0.016% and 0.08% when tested against human and monkey cell li ... | 1999 | 10517310 |
| accumulation of specific rnas encoding transcriptional factors and stress response proteins against a background of severe depletion of cellular rnas in cells infected with herpes simplex virus 1. | herpes simplex virus 1 encodes several functions to preclude the shutoff of host response to infection, including degradation of mrna immediately after infection. to determine whether any cellular mrnas accumulate in infected cells against a background of severe loss of host rna, we hybridized cdnas derived from three different cell lines infected with wild type and a mutant virus to a dna array containing probes for 588 human genes representing different functional groups. the results were that ... | 1999 | 10518576 |
| amplification of reiterated sequences of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) genome to discriminate between clinical hsv-1 isolates. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)-related disease ranges from a localized, self-limiting illness to fatal disease in immunocompromised individuals. the corneal disease herpetic keratitis may develop after reactivation of a latent virus or reinfection with an exogenous herpesvirus. molecular analysis of the virus involved may allow distinction between these two options. the hsv-1 genome contains several hypervariable regions that vary in numbers of reiterating regions (reiterations i to viii [r ... | 1999 | 10523545 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 infection of activated cytotoxic t cells: induction of fratricide as a mechanism of viral immune evasion. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1), a large dna-containing virus, is endemic in all human populations investigated. after infection of mucocutaneous surfaces, hsv1 establishes a latent infection in nerve cells. recently, it was demonstrated that hsv1 can also infect activated t lymphocytes. however, the consequences of t cell infection for viral pathogenesis and immunity are unknown. we have observed that in contrast to the situation in human fibroblasts, in human t cell lines antigen presentati ... | 1999 | 10523608 |
| bovine lactoferrin peptidic fragments involved in inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. | bovine lactoferrin (blf) prevents the infection of some enveloped and naked viruses. to identify blf sequences responsible for the antiviral activity, we tested 31 hplc fractions, derived from tryptic digestion of blf, toward herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). only a few hplc purified fragments were active against hsv-1, even if at lower extent than the native undigested blf. two large fragments, one corresponding to the c-lobe (amino acid sequence 345-689) and the other corresponding to a lar ... | 1999 | 10527833 |
| [multiple herpes simplex type 1 whitlow lesions]. | | 1999 | 10530360 |
| seroepidemiological study of herpes simplex virus in the female population in the autonomous region of madrid, spain. | | 1999 | 10534198 |
| multiple infections in carotid atherosclerotic plaques. | chlamydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, and recently, periodontal disease, have been associated with human atherosclerosis. porphyromonas gingivalis and streptococcus sanguis are major pathogens associated with periodontitis, a common chronic inflammatory condition in adults. investigators have found that these infectious agents may influence vascular cell functions by inducing thrombus formation, vascular cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell death. | 1999 | 10539867 |
| inhibition of dendritic cell maturation by herpes simplex virus. | maturation of dendritic cells (dc), leading to migration and increased t cell stimulatory capacity, is essential for the initiation of immune responses. this process is triggered by a variety of stimuli, such as inflammatory cytokines, bacterial and viral products. using a recombinant disabled infectious single cycle herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) encoding green fluorescent protein, we show that the infected dc are defective in up-regulating co-stimulatory molecules, do not produce cytokines, an ... | 1999 | 10540336 |
| inflammatory thoughts about glioma gene therapy. | gene therapy for treatment of glioma often involves delivery of herpes simplex virus-1 thymidine kinase gene. a new study shows that this approach can induce chronic inflammation, and raises important questions about current adenoviral-based clinical trials (pages 1256-1263). | 1999 | 10545984 |
| a prospective study of new infections with herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2. chiron hsv vaccine study group. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections are endemic, but the clinical characteristics of newly acquired hsv type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv type 2 (hsv-2) infections in adults have not been rigorously defined. we monitored 2393 sexually active hsv-2-seronegative persons for clinical and serologic evidence of new hsv infection. of the participants, 1508 were seropositive for hsv-1 and 885 were seronegative. charts were reviewed in a blinded manner for classification of those with genitourinary or oropharyng ... | 1999 | 10547406 |
| retrovirus-mediated transfer of a suicide gene into lens epithelial cells in vitro and in an experimental model of posterior capsule opacification. | the most common complication of cataract surgery is the development of posterior capsule opacification (pco). hyperplasia of the lens epithelium is one of the main cellular events following phacoemulsification and was found to be an important feature contributing to opacification of the posterior capsule. we investigated the feasibility of killing the residual lens epithelial cells by retroviral-mediated transfer of the herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (hsv-tk) gene, a well-studied suicide ... | 1999 | 10550788 |
| resveratrol inhibition of herpes simplex virus replication. | resveratrol, a phytoalexin, was found to inhibit herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) replication in a dose-dependent, reversible manner. the observed reduction in virus yield was not caused by the direct inactivation of hsv by resveratrol nor inhibition of virus attachment to the cell. the chemical did, however, target an early event in the virus replication cycle since it was most effective when added within 1 h of cell infection, less effective if addition was delayed until 6 ... | 1999 | 10551373 |
| cytopathic effect inhibition assay for determining the in-vitro susceptibility of herpes simplex virus to antiviral agents. | we compare a rapid dilution method for the determination of antiviral susceptibility of herpes simplex virus (hsv) with the plaque reduction assay. a total of 84 hsv clinical isolates were studied by both methods to detect in-vitro resistance to acyclovir and foscarnet. the rapid method showed for the detection of hsv isolates resistant to acyclovir and foscarnet, a sensitivity of 96. 8% and 100% and specificity of 100% and 100%, respectively. this method provides an easy and accurate screening ... | 1999 | 10552991 |
| epstein-barr virus dna in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and central nervous system disorders. | routine search for herpesvirus types 1-5 by nested polymerase chain reaction revealed epstein-barr virus (ebv) dna in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of ten out of seventy-nine patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and central nervous system (cns) disorders not associated with the presence of primary cns lymphomas. one out of the ten csf samples was positive for ebv dna only, six were also positive for microbial agents of recognised neurological pathogenicity while the remaini ... | 1999 | 10555209 |
| the major neutralizing antigenic site on herpes simplex virus glycoprotein d overlaps a receptor-binding domain. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) entry is dependent on the interaction of virion glycoprotein d (gd) with one of several cellular receptors. we previously showed that gd binds specifically to two structurally dissimilar receptors, hvea and hvec. we have continued our studies by using (i) a panel of baculovirus-produced gd molecules with various c-terminal truncations and (ii) a series of gd mutants with nonoverlapping 3-amino-acid deletions between residues 222 and 254. binding of the potent neutraliz ... | 1999 | 10559300 |
| single-step conversion of cells to retrovirus vector producers with herpes simplex virus-epstein-barr virus hybrid amplicons. | we report here on the development and characterization of a novel herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) amplicon-based vector system which takes advantage of the host range and retention properties of hsv-epstein-barr virus (ebv) hybrid amplicons to efficiently convert cells to retrovirus vector producer cells after single-step transduction. the retrovirus genes gag-pol and env (gpe) and retroviral vector sequences were modified to minimize sequence overlap and cloned into an hsv-ebv hybrid amplic ... | 1999 | 10559361 |
| identification of the marek's disease virus serotype 2 genes homologous to the glycoprotein b (ul27), icp18.5 (ul28) and major dna-binding protein (ul29) genes of herpes simplex virus type 1. | we determined the nucleotide sequence of non-pathogenic marek's disease virus serotype 2 (mdv2) strain hprs24 glycoprotein b (gb) (ul27), icp18.5 (ul28) and major dna-binding protein (mdbp) (ul29) genes homologous to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). the sequence data revealed that important motives in the proteins are conserved in mdv2 icp18.5 and mdbp, however the sequence of viral dna replication origin which exists in the regions between the ul29 and ul30 genes of other alphaherpesviruses ... | 1999 | 10563297 |
| antiviral effects of synthetic membrane-active peptides on herpes simplex virus, type 1. | magainins are cationic peptides with antimicrobial activity which were originally isolated from the skin of the african clawed frog (xenopus laevis). several synthetic derivatives of this class of peptides were evaluated for antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus, type 1 (hsv). some of the peptides (msi-102, -248, -420, -499/500 combination, -591, -594, and -1251) showed significant reduction of hsv plaque-forming units. the antiviral effect was enhanced when hsv was pretreated with the ... | 1999 | 10563406 |
| mutations in the conserved carboxy-terminal hydrophobic region of glycoprotein gb affect infectivity of herpes simplex virus. | glycoprotein gb is the most highly conserved glycoprotein in the herpesvirus family and plays a critical role in virus entry and fusion. glycoprotein gb of herpes simplex virus type 1 contains a hydrophobic stretch of 69 aa near the carboxy terminus that is essential for its biological activity. to determine the role(s) of specific amino acids in the carboxy-terminal hydrophobic region, a number of amino acids were mutagenized that are highly conserved in this region within the gb homologues of ... | 1999 | 10567651 |
| bromohypericins are potent photoactive antiviral agents. | several hypericin derivatives, previously shown to have interesting light-mediated biological activities, were evaluated for antiviral activities against herpes simplex virus and influenza virus. three brominated hypericins, the dibromo- and tetrabromo-derivatives and the natural compound gymnochrome b were all very active against both viruses, particularly herpes simplex virus, although light was required in all cases for maximum activity. the dibromohypericin was the most potent, under standar ... | 1999 | 10568175 |
| squid axoplasm supports the retrograde axonal transport of herpes simplex virus. | | 1999 | 10573844 |
| novel 6-azapyrimidine-2'-deoxy-4'-thionucleosides: synthesis, biological evaluation and conformational analysis. | we report the synthesis of novel 1-(2'-deoxy-4'-thio-beta-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-(6-azapyrimidine) nucleosides and the subsequent preparation of a series of n3-substituted analogues. all the novel compounds were evaluated against a range of viruses, however they lacked any measurable activity. the lack of anti-herpetic activity may be a result of the parent nucleoside having poor affinity for herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase. conformational analysis of the parent nucleoside showed ... | 1999 | 10574179 |
| perforin pathway is essential for protection of mice against lethal ocular hsv-1 challenge but not corneal scarring. | perforin (cytolysin; pore-forming protein) is expressed in both cd8(+) cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) and natural killer (nk) cells, and is a major factor responsible for the cytolytic activities of these cells. both cd8(+) t-cells and nk cells are important in eliminating cells infected with certain viruses. we examined the role of perforin in a mouse model of hsv-1 infection using perforin-deficient mice. naïve perforin knockout (perforin(0/0)) mice were more susceptible to lethal hsv-1 ocular ... | 1999 | 10581382 |
| treatment of primary herpes simplex virus infection in guinea pigs by imiquimod. | imiquimod (also known as r-837 and s-26308) is an imidazoquinoline immune response modifier and is available in the us and several other countries for the treatment of external genital warts. imiquimod has no direct antiviral activity but demonstrates efficacy in several animal models of virus infection. the drug is recognized by antigen presenting cells including monocytes, macrophages, b-cells and dendritic cells and induces these cells to produce cytokines including interferon-alpha (ifn-alph ... | 1999 | 10588331 |
| isolation and characterization of an anti-hsv polysaccharide from prunella vulgaris. | a water soluble substance was isolated from a chinese herb, prunella vulgaris, by hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation and gel permeation column chromatography. chemical tests showed that the substance was an anionic polysaccharide. using a plaque reduction assay, the polysaccharide at 100 microg/ml was active against the herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2), but was inactive against cytomegalovirus, the human influenza virus types a and b, the poliovirus type 1 or the ves ... | 1999 | 10588332 |
| effect of recombinant human interferon alpha b/d (rhu-ifn-alpha b/d) in combination with acyclovir in experimental hsv-1 encephalitis. | the efficacy of recombinant human interferon alpha b/d in experimental hsv-1 encephalitis was investigated in the murine system. recombinant hu-ifn-alpha b/d significantly reduced the mortality in a mouse encephalitis model (about 30%, p = 0.021), whereas natural mouse interferon was inactive. combination of acyclovir with hu-ifn-alpha b/d had an additive effect. | 1999 | 10588335 |
| detection of varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex virus by the polymerase chain reaction with degenerate primers. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) are human pathogens of significance involved in multiple diseases with either typical or atypical clinical features. in neonates and immunocompromised patients these alphaherpesviruses may cause life-threatening diseases such as encephalitis. detection of vzv by virus culture is difficult. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is quicker and more sensitive and applicable in most clinical microbiological laboratories. using degenerate primers, ... | 1999 | 10598093 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 and alzheimer's disease. | until recently, the only risk factors implicated in noninherited cases of alzheimer's disease were increasing age, down's syndrome, and probably, head injury. having found that herpes simplex type 1 virus (hsv1) is present in the brain of many elderly people, we discovered that it is a risk factor for alzheimer's disease when in the central nervous system of apoe-epsilon4 allele carriers. on the basis of this result and our finding that apoe-epsilon4 is a risk factor for herpes labialis, we sugg ... | 1999 | 10604441 |
| stereoisomeric selectivity of human deoxyribonucleoside kinases. | deoxynucleoside kinases catalyze the 5'-phosphorylation of 2'-deoxyribonucleosides with nucleoside triphosphates as phosphate donors. one of the cellular kinases, deoxycytidine kinase (dck), has been shown to phosphorylate several l-nucleosides that are efficient antiviral agents. in this study we investigated the potentials of stereoisomers of the natural deoxyribonucleoside to serve as substrates for the recombinant cellular deoxynucleoside kinases. the cytosolic thymidine kinase exhibited a s ... | 1999 | 10606535 |
| detection of herpesvirus dna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and skin lesions of patients with pemphigus by polymerase chain reaction. | pemphigus is an autoimmune disease where both endogenous (genetic) and exogenous (environmental) factors play a part. viral infections, in particular herpesvirus infections, have been identified as a possible triggering factor for pemphigus. in this study, using the polymerase chain reaction, we studied peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) and skin biopsies from patients with pemphigus, and in some of these were able to demonstrate the presence of dna sequences of herpes simplex virus 1/2 ( ... | 1999 | 10606848 |
| olf-1, a neuron-specific transcription factor, can activate the herpes simplex virus type 1-infected cell protein 0 promoter. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) establishes a life-long latent infection in sensory neurons of infected individuals. infected cell protein 0 (icp0) is important for productive infection and reactivation from latency. thus, activation of icp0 expression in neurons is likely to be important for reactivation from latency. in a mouse neuroblastoma cell line, icp0 promoter activity is high compared with other strong viral promoters. in contrast, promoter activity is low in non-neuronal cells. dna ... | 2000 | 10617588 |
| secondary structure and structure-activity relationships of peptides corresponding to the subunit interface of herpes simplex virus dna polymerase. | the interaction of the catalytic subunit of herpes simplex virus dna polymerase with the processivity subunit, ul42, is essential for viral replication and is thus a potential target for antiviral drug discovery. we have previously reported that a peptide analogous to the c-terminal 36 residues of the catalytic subunit, which are necessary and sufficient for its interaction with ul42, forms a monomeric structure with partial alpha-helical character. this peptide and one analogous to the c-termin ... | 2000 | 10617641 |
| in vitro and in vivo evaluations of sodium lauryl sulfate and dextran sulfate as microbicides against herpes simplex and human immunodeficiency viruses. | the efficacy of sodium lauryl sulfate (sls), a sulfated anionic chaotropic surfactant, and dextran sulfate (ds), a polysulfated carbohydrate, against herpes simplex virus (hsv) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infections was evaluated in cultured cells and in different murine models of hsv infection. results showed that both sls and ds were potent inhibitors of the infectivities of various hsv-1 and hsv-2 strains. pretreatment of hiv-1 (strain nl4-3) with sls also reduced its infectivity t ... | 2000 | 10618073 |
| murine response to dna encoding herpes simplex virus type-1 glycoprotein d targeted to the liver. | plasmid dna encoding herpes simplex virus type-1 glycoprotein d (gd-1) was complexed with asialoorosomucoid conjugated to poly-l-lysine. following its intravenous injection into balb/c mice, this complex was targeted to the liver. liver cells expressing gd-1 were detected immunohistochemically through day 6 post-immunization, while gd-1 dna was detectable through 14 days post-immunization. decline of gd-1 expression and detectable gd-1 dna in the liver correlated with influx of t cells, predomin ... | 2000 | 10618550 |
| [use of double pcr in an experimental mode of hsv-1 infection of the facial nerve]. | recent studies suggested herpes simplex virus type 1 as a major etiologic factor in bell's palsy. to analyze different aspects of facial nene infections, swiss mice were inoculated with hsv-l in tongue (41 animals) and auricle (44). nineteen mice developed unequivocal signs of nevous infection, but only in 1 mouse was evident a facial palsy. mice were sacrificed at different intervals from inoculation, and facial nerves, gasser ganglia and brain stem were obtained to test the presence of hsv-1 b ... | 1999 | 10619875 |
| antiherpetic activities of various protein bound polysaccharides isolated from ganoderma lucidum. | to investigate antiherpetic substances from ganoderma lucidum, various protein bound polysaccharides, glhw, glhw-01, glhw-02, glhw-03, were isolated by activity-guided isolation from water soluble substances of the carpophores. these substances were examined for their antiviral activities against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) by plaque reduction assay in vitro. among them, the acidic protein bound polysaccharide, glhw-02 of a brownish substance, exhibited the most potent ... | 1999 | 10624876 |
| atp-dependent localization of the herpes simplex virus capsid protein vp26 to sites of procapsid maturation. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) capsid shell is composed of four major polypeptides, vp5, vp19c, vp23, and vp26. vp26, a 12-kda polypeptide, is associated with the tips of the capsid hexons formed by vp5. mature capsids form upon angularization of the shell of short-lived, fragile spherical precursors termed procapsids. the cold sensitivity and short-lived nature of the procapsid have made its isolation and biochemical analysis difficult, and it remains unclear whether procapsids contain ... | 2000 | 10627558 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 infection of the cornea. | | 1999 | 10627922 |
| neoglycolipid conjugates of foscarnet with enhanced antiviral activity in cells infected with human cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus type 1. | the synthesis of a series of neoglycolipid conjugates of foscarnet as potential drug targeting forms or lipophilic prodrugs of foscarnet is described. the compounds were obtained from suitably protected neoglycolipids, in which the lipid chain consisted of 12 to 20 carbon atoms, by ethoxycarbonylphosphonylation at the 6-hydroxyl or 4-hydroxyl group followed by deprotection. the in vitro antiviral activity of the compounds was determined in human foetal lung cells infected with human cytomegalovi ... | 1999 | 10628809 |
| efficacy of adenovirus-mediated cd/5-fc and hsv-1 thymidine kinase/ganciclovir suicide gene therapies concomitant with p53 gene therapy. | recent evidence has suggested that tumor cells having a wild-type p53 status are more sensitive to chemotherapeutic agents and radiation than cells that lack functional p53. the heightened sensitivity of wild-type p53 cells is thought to be attributable to their propensity to undergo p53-mediated apoptosis after insult. given that suicide gene therapy is essentially tumor-targeted chemotherapy, we examined the hypothesis that coexpression of wild-type p53 could enhance the efficacy of adenovirus ... | 1999 | 10632364 |
| isolation of herpes simplex virus procapsids from cells infected with a protease-deficient mutant virus. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) capsid proteins assemble in vitro into spherical procapsids that differ markedly in structure and stability from mature polyhedral capsids but can be converted to the mature form. circumstantial evidence suggests that assembly in vivo follows a similar pathway of procapsid assembly and maturation, a pathway that resembles those of double-stranded dna bacteriophages. we have confirmed the above pathway by isolating procapsids from hsv-1-infected cells and chara ... | 2000 | 10644336 |
| anterograde transport of herpes simplex virus type 1 in cultured, dissociated human and rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. | the mechanism of anterograde transport of herpes simplex virus was studied in cultured dissociated human and rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. the neurons were infected with hsv-1 to examine the distribution of capsid (vp5), tegument (vp16), and glycoproteins (gc and gb) at 2, 6, 10, 13, 17, and 24 h postinfection (p.i.) with or without nocodazole (a microtubule depolymerizer) or brefeldin a (a golgi inhibitor). retrogradely transported vp5 was detected in the cytoplasm of the cell body up to th ... | 2000 | 10644356 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of novel anti-vzv 5-substituted uracil nucleosides with a cyclopropane sugar moiety. | a series of 5-substituted uracil nucleoside derivatives with a 1(1's, 2'r)-[1',2'-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropyl]methyl group as an acyclosugar moiety were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-herpetic activities. among the compounds synthesized, (e)-5-halovinyluracil derivatives showed superior anti-varicella zoster virus (vzv) activity over acyclovir (acv) but were less potent than acv against herpes symplex virus type-1 (hsv-1). ic(50) values for the vzv kawaguchi strain were 0.027 for br, ... | 2000 | 10649983 |
| simulfluor respiratory screen for rapid detection of multiple respiratory viruses in clinical specimens by immunofluorescence staining. | a new rapid direct immunofluorescence assay (dfa) respiratory screen reagent for detection of seven common respiratory viruses (respiratory syncytial virus [rsv], influenza a and b viruses, parainfluenza virus types 1 to 3, and adenovirus) was compared with standard single or dual dfa reagents and culture. in total, 1,531 respiratory samples were adequate for testing with both simulfluor respiratory screen (rs) reagent (chemicon international, temecula, calif.) and single or dual dfa reagents. t ... | 2000 | 10655371 |
| disproportionate retrograde amnesia in a patient with herpes simplex encephalitis. | we describe a patient who developed a severe but temporally limited retrograde amnesia coupled with a relatively mild anterograde amnesia following herpes simplex encephalitis. the patient showed a profound retrograde amnesia for autobiographical events extending for about 10 years prior to the disease onset. her knowledge about public events and famous persons was also impaired for this period. an mri and spect demonstrated bilateral medial temporal pathology. this case represents a further ins ... | 1999 | 10656630 |
| generation of a recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 expressing the rat corticotropin- releasing hormone precursor: endoproteolytic processing, intracellular targeting and biological activity. | we describe the generation of a recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) vector, tsk/crh10, derived from the temperature-sensitive mutant tsk, expressing rat pre-procorticotropin-releasing hormone (ppcrh). in hypothalamic neurons, within the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei, this neuropeptide precursor is processed to mature crh (1-41), the key modulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress response. we used the recombinant hsv1 tsk/crh10 to study posttranslational processing, ... | 1999 | 10657737 |
| an oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 selectively destroys diffuse liver metastases from colon carcinoma. | viruses used for gene therapy are usually genetically modified to deliver therapeutic transgenes and prevent viral replication. in contrast, replication-competent viruses may be used for cancer therapy because replication of some viruses within cancer cells can result in their destruction (oncolysis). viral ribonucleotide reductase expression is defective in the hsv1 mutant hrr3. cellular ribonucleotide reductase, which is scarce in normal liver and abundant in liver metastases, can substitute f ... | 2000 | 10657986 |
| [herpes simplex virus type 1-induced rising dbl quote, left (low)tumor" in the nasal vestibule. the problem of resistance development of herpes simplex in a patient with chronic lymphatic b-cell leukemia]. | herpes simplex viruses are known to be among the most common disease-causing microorganisms. their prevalence can exceed 90% depending on the socioeconomic status of the population. since the number of immunocompromised patients has increased because of the increased incidence in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and an increase in organ transplantation, herpes virus infection may have a greater clinical significance. while treatment of otherwise healthy individuals will not usually cause a ... | 2000 | 10663064 |
| cytoplasm-to-nucleus translocation of a herpesvirus tegument protein during cell division. | we have previously shown that the herpes simplex virus tegument protein vp22 localizes predominantly to the cytoplasm of expressing cells. we have also shown that vp22 has the unusual property of intercellular spread, which involves the movement of vp22 from the cytoplasm of these expressing cells into the nuclei of nonexpressing cells. thus, vp22 can localize in two distinct subcellular patterns. by utilizing time-lapse confocal microscopy of live cells expressing a green fluorescent protein-ta ... | 2000 | 10666242 |
| pseudotyping of glycoprotein d-deficient herpes simplex virus type 1 with vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein g enables mutant virus attachment and entry. | the use of herpes simplex virus (hsv) vectors for in vivo gene therapy will require the targeting of vector infection to specific cell types in certain in vivo applications. because hsv glycoprotein d (gd) imparts a broad host range for viral infection through recognition of ubiquitous host cell receptors, vector targeting will require the manipulation of gd to provide new cell recognition specificities in a manner designed to preserve gd's essential role in virus entry. in this study, we have d ... | 2000 | 10666285 |
| experimental corneal endotheliitis in rabbit. | corneal endotheliitis may cause permanent visual loss due to endothelial decompensation. the pathogenesis underlying this distinct clinical entity is not known. in the current study, a rabbit herpetic corneal endotheliitis model was made of induced anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (acaid). | 2000 | 10670465 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 shedding in human immunodeficiency virus-negative men who have sex with men: frequency, patterns, and risk factors. | we investigated the frequency, site, and risk factors for herpes simplex virus (hsv) shedding in 30 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-negative hsv type 2 (hsv-2)-seropositive men who have sex with men. subjects collected daily hsv culture samples from genital, perianal, and oral areas for 100 days and maintained diaries of signs and symptoms. sixteen men (53.3%) shed hsv-2, and 9 (56.3%) of 16 men who were also hsv type 1 (hsv-1)-seropositive shed hsv-1. overall, hsv-2 was isolated on 3.1% of t ... | 2000 | 10671325 |
| resistance of herpes simplex virus type 1 against different phosphonylmethoxyalkyl derivatives of purines and pyrimidines due to specific mutations in the viral dna polymerase gene. | drug-resistant strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) were selected under the pressure of (s)-3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl (hpmp) derivatives of cytosine (hpmpc, cidofovir) and adenine (hpmpa) and 2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl (pme) derivatives of adenine (pmea, adefovir) and 2,6-diaminopurine (pmedap). hpmpc-resistant (hpmpc(r)) and hpmpa(r) strains were cross-resistant to one another, but they remained sensitive to foscarnet (pfa), acyclovir (acv) and the pme derivatives, while the p ... | 2000 | 10675401 |
| potentiation of ganciclovir toxicity in the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir administration system by ponicidin. | the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (hsv-tk)/ganciclovir (gcv) administration system is commonly used in gene therapy trials. we have evaluated the effect of ponicidin, a diterpenoid isolated from a plant, rabdosia ternifolia, on the cell-killing activity of the anti-herpes drugs acyclovir (acv) and gcv. ponicidin preferentially activated hsv-1-specific tk but not cellular kinases. in hsv-infected cells, ponicidin significantly accumulated the phosphorylated metabolites of gcv and suppress ... | 2000 | 10678355 |
| serological diagnosis of varicella-zoster virus in sera with antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of igm. | evaluation was made of three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) formats; varicella-zoster virus (vzv) indirect elisa; vzv igm capture using biotin and vzv igm capture using peroxidase, for the detection of vzv-specific igm antibodies in human sera. it was observed that there was no significant difference in sensitivity of detection using the three formats but there were important practical differences in the number of steps and hence time for assay completion between the three assay forma ... | 2000 | 10680966 |
| transcriptional regulation of herpes simplex virus type 1 icp0 promoter by virion protein 16. | hsv regulatory proteins icp0 and vp16 independently regulate transcription of the icp0 gene during virus infection. in this study, we tried to determine the possible regulatory mechanism of icp0 expression during virus infection. among eight putative vp16 binding sites present in the icp0 regulatory sequence, the most upstream one alone was sufficiently responsive to vp16-mediated activation. when the g/c-rich sequence present in front of the last taatgarat sequence of the icp0 promoter was eith ... | 2000 | 10683312 |
| the kinetics of vp5 mrna expression is not critical for viral replication in cultured cells. | we generated recombinant viruses in which the kinetics of expression of the leaky-late vp5 mrna was altered. we then analyzed the effect of such alterations on viral replication in cultured cells. the vp5 promoter and leader sequences from positions -36 to +20, containing the tata box and an initiator element, were deleted and replaced with a strong early (dutpase), an equal-strength leaky-late (vp16), or a strict-late (u(l)38) promoter. we found that recombinant viruses containing the dutpase p ... | 2000 | 10684293 |
| expression of two related viral early genes in epstein-barr virus-associated tumors. | the transcription of two early "leftwardly" expressed genes carrying repetitive sequences, ir2 and ir4, has been studied for epstein-barr virus-associated tumors, and for established b-cell lines, using sequence-specific probes generated for this purpose. whereas the ir4 transcript was identified in every tumor and cell line assessed (except b95-8, with a deletion that removes the gene), expression of the ir2 gene was restricted to b lymphocytes. though the promoters for both transcripts lie wit ... | 2000 | 10684296 |
| hsv-1--induced acute retinal necrosis syndrome presenting with severe inflammatory orbitopathy, proptosis, and optic nerve involvement. | to present a unique case in which orbital inflammation, proptosis, and optic neuritis were the initial symptoms of acute retinal necrosis (arn). the clinical presentation of arn, as well as the currently recommended diagnostic procedures and guidelines for medical treatment of arn, are summarized. | 2000 | 10690844 |
| kinase receptor activation (kira): a rapid and accurate alternative to end-point bioassays. | we have developed a novel strategy for a rapid bioassay that is accurate, precise, sensitive, and high capacity. it is capable of quantifying ligand bioactivity by measuring ligand-induced receptor tyrosine kinase activation in terms of receptor phosphorylation. the assay, termed a 'kinase receptor activation' or kira, utilizes two separate microtiter plates, one for ligand stimulation of intact cells, and the other for receptor capture and phosphotyrosine elisa. the assay makes use of either en ... | 1999 | 10698554 |
| rapid discrimination of monkey b virus from human herpes simplex viruses by pcr in the presence of betaine. | a pcr method to amplify dna segments of the glycoprotein g gene of monkey b virus (bv) was achieved by adding betaine to the pcr mixture, in spite of the high g+c content of this gene. no product was obtained when dna of human herpes simplex viruses (hsvs) was used as the template under the same conditions. thus, this pcr method is useful in discriminating bv from hsvs. | 2000 | 10699035 |
| [herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 in switzerland]. | a worldwide increase in the incidence of genital herpes infections has been described in recent years. transmission of the herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) by asymptomatic seropositive subjects is considered to be a relevant mode of infection. the seroprevalence of hsv-2 varies considerably between different populations. in europe, data are scarce and the epidemiological situation in switzerland is unknown. in 1997 we performed serological examinations in 151 adult volunteers (87% between 20 ... | 2000 | 10701231 |
| the u box is a modified ring finger - a common domain in ubiquitination. | | 2000 | 10704423 |
| necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive individuals: a review of the histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and virologic characteristics of 18 cases. | the purpose of this retrospective study was to delineate the histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and virologic characteristics of 18 cases of necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis. | 2000 | 10710458 |
| postherpetic lacrimal obstruction. | the purpose of the study was to review the surgical management of postherpetic lacrimal obstruction. | 2000 | 10711887 |
| cytogenetic genotoxicity of anti-herpes purine nucleoside analogues in cho cells expressing the thymidine kinase gene of herpes simplex virus type 1: comparison of ganciclovir, penciclovir and aciclovir. | the three anti-herpes nucleoside analogues ganciclovir, penciclovir and aciclovir were investigated as to their recombinogenic [sister chromatid exchange (sce) inducing] and clastogenic activity in cho cells expressing the thymidine kinase gene of hsv-1, which is a precondition of therapeutic activity of these drugs. the compounds were applied for the duration of one cell cycle and cytogenetic end-points were measured between 0 and 42 h after exposure. although the nucleoside analogues are quite ... | 2000 | 10719044 |
| coronavirus-induced membrane fusion requires the cysteine-rich domain in the spike protein. | the spike glycoprotein of mouse hepatitis virus strain a59 mediates the early events leading to infection of cells, including fusion of the viral and cellular membranes. the spike is a type i membrane glycoprotein that possesses a conserved transmembrane anchor and an unusual cysteine-rich (cys) domain that bridges the putative junction of the anchor and the cytoplasmic tail. in this study, we examined the role of these carboxyl-terminal domains in spike-mediated membrane fusion. we show that th ... | 2000 | 10725213 |
| acremonium keratitis in a patient with herpetic neurotrophic corneal disease. | fungi belonging to the genus acremonium link ex fries 1821 are ubiquitous environmental contaminants and soil saprophytes, but are infrequent pathogens in humans. these filamentous fungi (previously known as cephalosporium) are an uncommon cause of mycotic keratitis. as in the case of other filamentous fungi, corneal trauma with contaminated matter is the most frequent risk factor for the infection. we report in this paper a case of keratomycosis caused by acremoniumpotronii, in a patient with a ... | 2000 | 10726803 |
| herpes simplex virus virion host shutoff (vhs) activity alters periocular disease in mice. | during lytic infection, the virion host shutoff (vhs) protein of herpes simplex virus (hsv) mediates the rapid degradation of rna and shutoff of host protein synthesis. in mice, hsv type 1 (hsv-1) mutants lacking vhs activity are profoundly attenuated. hsv-2 has significantly higher vhs activity than hsv-1, eliciting a faster and more complete shutoff. to examine further the role of vhs activity in pathogenesis, we generated an intertypic recombinant virus (kosv2) in which the vhs open reading f ... | 2000 | 10729135 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 as a cause of widespread intracorneal blistering of the lower limbs. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections often manifest as acute self-limiting eruptions of grouped vesicles, which have a tendency to recur. common manifestations include that of gingivostomatitis, vulvovaginitis, recurrent erythema multiforme, herpetic whitlow, and eczema herpeticum. we report a case of hsv-1 presenting as a symmetrical intracorneal blistering eruption involving the lower limbs in a patient with no previous history of herpes simplex infection. | 2000 | 10733634 |