| maternal immunization as a strategy to decrease susceptibility to infection in newborn infants. | following on from the success of maternal tetanus vaccination, recent research has shown that other vaccines given in pregnancy can protect against vaccine-preventable infections in early infancy. this review will outline these recent developments and highlight the impact on current clinical practice. | 2013 | 23507974 |
| antiviral effects of modified dingchuan decoction against respiratory syncytial virus infection in vitro and in an immunosuppressive mouse model. | modified dingchuan decoction (mdd) is used in traditional chinese medicine for the treatment of cough, chronic bronchitis, asthma and viral pneumonia. | 2013 | 23506991 |
| a systems-based approach to analyse the host response in murine lung macrophages challenged with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of lower respiratory tract infection in young children. the degree of disease severity is determined by the host response to infection. lung macrophages play an important early role in the host response to infection and we have used a systems-based approach to examine the host response in rsv-infected lung-derived macrophage cells. | 2013 | 23506210 |
| efficacy and safety of an intranasal virosomal respiratory syncytial virus vaccine adjuvanted with monophosphoryl lipid a in mice and cotton rats. | respiratory syncytial virus infection remains a serious health problem, not only in infants but also in immunocompromised adults and the elderly. an effective and safe vaccine is not available due to several obstacles: non-replicating rsv vaccines may prime for excess th2-type responses and enhanced respiratory disease (erd) upon natural rsv infection of vaccine recipients. we previously found that inclusion of the toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4) ligand monophosphoryl lipid a (mpla) in reconstituted ... | 2013 | 23499594 |
| is treatment with a high flow nasal cannula effective in acute viral bronchiolitis? a physiologic study. | the high flow nasal cannula (hfnc) has recently been proposed to support infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-related respiratory distress. however, in this disease, no physiologic data are currently available on the effects of this device. we assessed the capacity of hfnc to generate positive airway pressure, as well as the resulting effects on breathing pattern and respiratory effort. | 2013 | 23494016 |
| functional genetic variation in nfkbia and susceptibility to childhood asthma, bronchiolitis, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | respiratory diseases are the most frequent chronic illnesses in babies and children. although a vigorous innate immune system is critical for maintaining lung health, a balanced response is essential to minimize damaging inflammation. we investigated the functional and clinical impact of human genetic variants in the promoter of nfkbia, which encodes iκbα, the major negative regulator of nf-κb. in this study, we quantified the functional impact of nfkbia promoter polymorphisms (rs3138053, rs2233 ... | 2013 | 23487427 |
| the oncolytic effect of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in human skin cancer cell line, a431. | oncolytic viruses have become of noticeable interest as a novel biological approach for selectively infecting cancer cells and triggering apoptosis in a number of malignant cells. many researches are devoted to characterize more viruses with oncolytic properties. | 2013 | 23487261 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection is strongly correlated with decreased mean platelet volume. | to date, infections have usually been associated with elevations of the mean platelet volume. we correlated infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) with changes in mean platelet volume (mpv). | 2013 | 23485431 |
| attenuation of live respiratory syncytial virus vaccines is associated with reductions in levels of nasal cytokines. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract illness (lrti) in children. several promising live-attenuated rsv vaccines are in development. defining additional markers of attenuation could enhance clinical trials. | 2013 | 23482643 |
| validity of laboratory-based surveillance for detection of respiratory syncytial virus seasons. | in this study, we validated the centers for disease control and prevention's use of a 10% threshold of median proportion of positive laboratory tests (median proportion positive (mpp)) to identify respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) seasons against a standard based on hospitalization claims. medicaid fee-for-service recipients under 2 years of age from california, florida, illinois, and texas (1999-2004), continuously eligible since birth, were categorized for each week as high-risk or low-risk wi ... | 2013 | 23479344 |
| influenza and rsv make a modest contribution to invasive pneumococcal disease incidence in the uk. | the common seasonality of incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (ipd) and viral respiratory infections has long been recognized, however, the extent to which this affects the association between the pathogens is unknown. we have analysed weekly surveillance data of ipd, influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), using ambient temperature and hours of sunshine as measures of seasonality. | 2013 | 23473714 |
| ocular tropism of respiratory viruses. | respiratory viruses (including adenovirus, influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, coronavirus, and rhinovirus) cause a broad spectrum of disease in humans, ranging from mild influenza-like symptoms to acute respiratory failure. while species d adenoviruses and subtype h7 influenza viruses are known to possess an ocular tropism, documented human ocular disease has been reported following infection with all principal respiratory viruses. in this review, we describe the anatomical proximity ... | 2013 | 23471620 |
| th17 lymphocytes in respiratory syncytial virus infection. | infection by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) affects approximately 33 million infants annually worldwide and is a major cause of hospitalizations. helper t lymphocytes (th) play a central role in the immune response during such infections. however, th lymphocytes that produce interleukin 17 (il-17), known as th17 lymphocytes, in addition to been protective can also cause pathology that accompany this type of infection. the protective effects of th17 is associated with better prognosis in most ... | 2013 | 23462708 |
| evaluation of a novel web-based prior approval application for palivizumab prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus in a state medicaid program. | recent disproportionate increases in use of specialty medications, such as palivizumab (synagis), compared with steady utilization of traditional medication use, have prompted complex utilization management strategies that require frequent evaluation to facilitate cost-effectiveness while preserving patient access. clinical criteria utilized by north carolina (nc) medicaid for use of palivizumab for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis are consistent with the most recent guidelines publ ... | 2013 | 23461427 |
| hsp90 inhibitors exhibit resistance-free antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of respiratory illness in young children, leading to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. despite its medical importance, no vaccine or effective therapeutic interventions are currently available. therefore, there is a pressing need to identify novel antiviral drugs to combat rsv infections. hsp90, a cellular protein-folding factor, has been shown to play an important role in the replication of numerous viruses. we here demonstrate tha ... | 2013 | 23460813 |
| hepatitis during respiratory syncytial virus infection--a case report. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is the most common cause of hospitalization in infants and small children. the aim was to present a 13-months old boy diagnosed with acute airway infection, acute otitis media (aom) and hepatitis during the rsv-infection. | 2013 | 23457772 |
| latitudinal variations in seasonal activity of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv): a global comparative review. | there is limited information on influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) seasonal patterns in tropical areas, although there is renewed interest in understanding the seasonal drivers of respiratory viruses. | 2013 | 23457451 |
| reversion of somatic mutations of the respiratory syncytial virus-specific human monoclonal antibody fab19 reveal a direct relationship between association rate and neutralizing potency. | the role of affinity in determining neutralizing potency of mabs directed against viruses is not well understood. we investigated the kinetic, structural, and functional advantage conferred by individual naturally occurring somatic mutations in the ab h chain v region of fab19, a well-described neutralizing human mab directed to respiratory syncytial virus. comparison of the affinity-matured ab fab19 with recombinant fab19 abs that were variants containing reverted amino acids from the inferred ... | 2013 | 23455501 |
| a case of recurrent acute encephalopathy with febrile convulsive status epilepticus with carnitine palmitoyltransferase ii variation. | acute encephalopathy with febrile convulsive status epilepticus (aefcse) is the most common type of acute encephalopathy in childhood in japan, which develops with prolonged febrile convulsion, followed by mild unconsciousness. it is generally sporadic and nonrecurrent. in this report, a 1-year-old girl showed signs of aefcse triggered by respiratory syncytial virus infection. two years later, she presented with aefcse triggered by influenza virus infection, resulting in severe neurologic sequel ... | 2013 | 23450341 |
| macronutrients during pregnancy and life-threatening respiratory syncytial virus infections in children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of hospitalization and death in infants worldwide. most rsv deaths occur in developing countries, where burden and risk factors for life-threatening illness are unclear. | 2013 | 23449690 |
| respiratory syncytial virus activity--united states, july 2011-january 2013. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes lower respiratory infections among infants and young children worldwide. during 1997-2006, an estimated 132,000-172,000 children aged <5 years were hospitalized for rsv infection annually in the united states. in temperate climate zones, rsv generally circulates during the fall, winter, and spring, but the exact timing and duration of rsv seasons vary by region and year. to determine seasonal trends in the circulation of rsv at national and regional level ... | 2013 | 23446512 |
| aerosolized ribavirin for patients with cancer and respiratory syncytial virus infection. | | 2013 | 23444009 |
| vaccination against rsv: is maternal vaccination a good alternative to other approaches? | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract illness (lri) in infants worldwide. also persons with heart/lung disease or an immunodeficiency disorder, and the elderly are at increased risk for severe lri upon rsv infection. although there is at present no licensed rsv vaccine available, it is a priority target for several vaccine developers. for the implementation of a future rsv vaccination within national immunization schemes, various strategies can be co ... | 2013 | 23442726 |
| disparities between black and white children in hospitalizations associated with acute respiratory illness and laboratory-confirmed influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in 3 us counties--2002-2009. | few us studies have assessed racial disparities in viral respiratory hospitalizations among children. this study enrolled black and white children under 5 years of age who were hospitalized for acute respiratory illness (ari) in 3 us counties during october-may 2002-2009. population-based rates of hospitalization were calculated by race for ari and laboratory-confirmed influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), using us census denominators. relative rates of hospitalization between racial ... | 2013 | 23436899 |
| prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus-associated lower respiratory infection and apnea in infants presenting to the emergency department. | the prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus in children presenting to us emergency departments with lower respiratory tract infection or apnea (n = 4172) was evaluated outside the traditional respiratory syncytial virus season (september to october and april to may) relative to january to february. the mid-atlantic and southeast demonstrated positivity rates in september to october comparable with rates observed during january to february. | 2013 | 23429553 |
| establishing a liquid-covered culture of polarized human airway epithelial calu-3 cells to study host cell response to respiratory pathogens in vitro. | the apical and basolateral surfaces of airway epithelial cells demonstrate directional responses to pathogen exposure in vivo. thus, ideal in vitro models for examining cellular responses to respiratory pathogens polarize, forming apical and basolateral surfaces. one such model is differentiated normal human bronchial epithelial cells (nhbe). however, this system requires lung tissue samples, expertise isolating and culturing epithelial cells from tissue, and time to generate an air-liquid inter ... | 2013 | 23426201 |
| should respiratory care in preterm infants include prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus? the case against. | preterm infants are at increased risk of severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. the monoclonal antibody palivizumab reduces the frequency of preterm infants being admitted to hospital with rsv infection. however, palivizumab is expensive, has to be given by intramuscular injection monthly for 5 months and has to be given prophylactically to 17 preterm children to prevent one hospital admission with rsv and to 59 children to prevent one intensive care admission. cost-effectiveness an ... | 2013 | 23422687 |
| il-17a inhibits airway reactivity induced by respiratory syncytial virus infection during allergic airway inflammation. | viral infections are the most frequent cause of asthma exacerbations and are linked to increased airway reactivity (ar) and inflammation. mice infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) during ovalbumin (ova)-induced allergic airway inflammation (ova/rsv) had increased ar compared with ova or rsv mice alone. furthermore, interleukin 17a (il-17a) was only increased in ova/rsv mice. | 2013 | 23422214 |
| successful lung volume reduction surgery in an infant with emphysema after respiratory syncytial virus-induced obliterative bronchiolitis. | | 2013 | 23419653 |
| risk of childhood asthma following infant bronchiolitis during the respiratory syncytial virus season. | | 2013 | 23419541 |
| infant baboons infected with respiratory syncytial virus develop clinical and pathological changes that parallel those of human infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection of the lower respiratory tract is the leading cause of respiratory failure among infants in the united states of america and annually results in >300,000 deaths worldwide. despite the importance of rsv, there is no licensed vaccine, and no specific form of therapy. this is largely due to the absence of an appropriate animal model for the evaluation of vaccines and therapeutic agents. we inoculated anesthetized infant (4 wk) baboons (papio anubis) with ... | 2013 | 23418091 |
| delayed rsv diagnosis in a stem cell transplant population due to mutations that result in negative polymerase chain reaction. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a serious cause of morbidity and mortality in the adult hematopoietic stem cell transplant (hsct) population. the timely diagnosis of rsv infection in this population is important for initiating therapy and instituting appropriate infection prevention measures. molecular multiplex assays now offer increased sensitivity for a more accurate diagnosis. this study presents 5 cases of rsv infection in hsct patients in which diagnosis was delayed due to false-negat ... | 2013 | 23415542 |
| changes of histamine receptors and cc chemokines in nasal epithelial cells and fibroblasts after respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is reported as the most influential factor that triggers hyperreactivity of the airway and causes asthma in infants and children. however, the mechanisms remain to be elucidated. the study evaluated the changes in the levels of four types of histamine receptor (hr) and cc chemokines, such as eotaxin and regulated on activation, normal t cell expressed and presumably secreted (rantes), in nasal epithelial cells and fibroblasts after rsv infection. | 2013 | 23406591 |
| predictors of severity and mortality in children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infection in a tropical region. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the leading causes of acute lower respiratory infection (alri) in infants and young children. although alri is a major public health problem in developing countries located in tropical areas, studies about rsv epidemiology in these regions are scarce. | 2014 | 23401345 |
| mortality after discharge in clinically stable infants admitted with a first-time apparent life-threatening event. | the objective of this study is to review the mortality after discharge in clinically stable infants admitted with a first apparent life-threatening event. | 2013 | 23399327 |
| prophylactic and therapeutic testing of nicotiana-derived rsv-neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies in the cotton rat model. | severe lower respiratory tract infection in infants and small children is commonly caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). palivizumab (synagis(®)), a humanized igg1 monoclonal antibody (mab) approved for rsv immunoprophylaxis in at-risk neonates, is highly effective, but pharmacoeconomic analyses suggest its use may not be cost-effective. previously described potent rsv neutralizers (human fab r19 and f2-5; human igg rf-1 and rf-2) were produced in igg format in a rapid and inexpensive nic ... | 2016 | 23396091 |
| il-17a induces signal transducers and activators of transcription-6-independent airway mucous cell metaplasia. | mucous cell metaplasia is a hallmark of asthma, and may be mediated by signal transducers and activators of transcription (stat)-6 signaling. il-17a is increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with severe asthma, and il-17a also increases mucus production in airway epithelial cells. asthma therapeutics are being developed that inhibit stat6 signaling, but the role of il-17a in inducing mucus production in the absence of stat6 remains unknown. we hypothesized that il-17a induces ... | 2013 | 23392574 |
| a comparison of healthcare resource use for rotavirus and rsv between vulnerable children with co-morbidities and healthy children: a case control study. | to quantify the differences in hospital length of stay (los) and cost between healthy and vulnerable children with cystic fibrosis (cf), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm), cancer, and epilepsy who contract rotavirus (rvge) or respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 2013 | 23391124 |
| infectious burden of respiratory syncytial virus in relation to time of birth modifies the risk of lower respiratory tract infection in infancy: the norwegian mother and child cohort. | the risk of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection according to calendar month of birth has previously been demonstrated. we hypothesize that the real-time infectious burden (ib) of rsv, in relation to time and county of birth, modifies the risk of lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) in infants, an association that has not been investigated previously, and may be used as an alternative measure of rsv risk when drafting rsv immunoprophylaxis guidelines. | 2013 | 23385949 |
| the role of early life viral bronchiolitis in the inception of asthma. | propose of review: cumulative evidence suggest that early life bronchiolitis is a major risk factor for subsequent wheezing episodes and asthma. the purpose of this review is to present the recent findings and current perspectives regarding the interplay between bronchiolitis and long-term respiratory outcomes. | 2013 | 23385289 |
| viral shedding and immune responses to respiratory syncytial virus infection in older adults. | comprehensive analyses of host, viral, and immune factors associated with severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in adults have not been performed. | 2013 | 23382572 |
| serious air leak syndrome complicating high-flow nasal cannula therapy: a report of 3 cases. | despite the absence of clinical safety data, heated, humidified high-flow nasal cannula (hhfnc) therapy is increasingly being used as an alternative to positive-pressure ventilation in pediatrics. this use of hhfnc is "off label" because the us food and drug administration's approval for these devices was only for air humidification and not as a modality to provide positive distending pressure. for the first time we describe 3 cases who developed serious air leaks related to hhfnc therapy. the f ... | 2013 | 23382446 |
| defective immunoregulation in rsv vaccine-augmented viral lung disease restored by selective chemoattraction of regulatory t cells. | human trials of formaldehyde-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (fi-rsv) vaccine in 1966-1967 caused disastrous worsening of disease and death in infants during subsequent natural respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. the reasons behind vaccine-induced augmentation are only partially understood, and fear of augmentation continues to hold back vaccine development. we now show that mice vaccinated with fi-rsv show enhanced local recruitment of conventional cd4(+) t cells accompanied by ... | 2013 | 23382205 |
| humulone suppresses replication of respiratory syncytial virus and release of il-8 and rantes in normal human nasal epithelial cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major infectious agent causing serious respiratory tract inflammation in infants and young children. however, an effective vaccine and anti-viral therapy for rsv infection have not yet been developed. hop-derived bitter acids have potent pharmacological effects on inflammation. therefore, we investigated the effects of humulone, which is the main constituent of hop bitter acids, on the replication of rsv and release of the proinflammatory cytokine il-8 an ... | 2013 | 23381605 |
| the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of young children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infections in guatemala (2007-2010). | there have been few population-based studies from central america on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in young children. we report population-based incidence rates and describe epidemiological and clinical characteristics of children <5 years old hospitalized with rsv infections in guatemala. | 2013 | 23380666 |
| effects of parental and household smoking on the risk of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalisation in late-preterm infants and the potential impact of rsv prophylaxis. | to assess the impact of household smoking and palivizumab prophylaxis on the risk of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalisation in late-preterm (32-35 weeks' gestational age) infants. | 2013 | 23379728 |
| cytokine profiles, signalling pathways and effects of fluticasone propionate in respiratory syncytial virus-infected human foetal lung fibroblasts. | to examine cytokine production in response to rsv infection, we assessed the levels of 29 cytokines released from rsv-infected human foetal lung fibroblasts. we also examined the relationships between the effects of fluticasone propionate and various signalling pathways in the cells. twenty-four hours after infection (1moi), rsv-infected cells released cytokines, for example proinflammatory cytokines (il-1β, il-6 and tnf-α), anti-inflammatory (il-1ra), th1 (ifn-γ, ifn-λ1a, il-2 and il-12), th2 ( ... | 2013 | 23377960 |
| should respiratory care in preterm infants include prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus infection? the case in favour. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most significant cause of acute respiratory tract infections (rti) in infants and young children throughout the world. preterm infants are at increased risk for severe rsv lower respiratory tract infection due to small lung volumes, a reduced lung surface area, small airways and an increased air space wall thickness. additionally, the airways of preterm infants have been ventilated mechanically and suctioned and potentially damaged by many microtraumas wi ... | 2013 | 23375547 |
| rhinovirus has the unique ability to directly activate human t cells in vitro. | rhinovirus infection is a leading cause of exacerbation of airway diseases. we hypothesize that airway viruses activate inflammatory cells, inducing airway dysfunction. we have previously shown that airway viruses can induce eosinophil degranulation when cocultured with t cells and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (modcs). these findings suggested that antigen presentation was important for t-cell activation. | 2013 | 23374267 |
| clinical translation of rnai-based treatments for respiratory diseases. | the ability to harness the rna interference (rnai) mechanism as a potential potent therapeutic has attracted great interest from academia and industry. numerous preclinical and recent clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of rnai triggers such as synthetic small interfering rna (sirna). chemical modification and delivery technologies can be utilized to avoid immune stimulation and improve the bioactivity and pharmacokinetics. local application to the respiratory epithelia allows di ... | 2013 | 25787868 |
| systemic inflammatory response syndrome and prolonged hypoperfusion lesions in an infant with respiratory syncytial virus encephalopathy. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a cause of neurological complications in infants. we report a rare case of rsv encephalopathy in an infant who presented with poor sucking and hypothermia at 17 days of age after suffering from rhinorrhea and a cough for several days. after hospitalization, the patient presented with stupor and hypotonia lasting for at least 24 h, and was intubated, sedated, and ventilated for treatment of pneumonia. these symptoms led to diagnosis of pediatric systemic infla ... | 2013 | 23354937 |
| [clinical impact of introducing ventilation with high flow oxygen in the treatment of bronchiolitis in a paediatric ward]. | to analyse the safety and efficacy of high-flow oxygen therapy for treatment of moderate to severe bronchiolitis in children admitted to the paediatric hospital wards. | 2013 | 23352386 |
| toll-like receptor 3 stimulation causes corticosteroid-refractory airway neutrophilia and hyperresponsiveness in mice. | rna virus infections, such as rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus, induce exacerbations in patients with copd and asthma, and the inflammation is corticosteroid refractory. the main aim of this study is to establish a murine model induced by a toll-like receptor 3 (tlr3) agonist, an rna virus mimic, and investigate the response to corticosteroid. | 2013 | 23348232 |
| severe lower respiratory tract infection in early infancy and pneumonia hospitalizations among children, kenya. | severe lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) in infants caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been associated with later pneumonia hospitalization among children. to determine risk for pneumonia after rsv hospitalization in infancy, we conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of 2,813 infants admitted to a hospital in kenya and identified readmissions for pneumonia among this group during early childhood (<60 months of age). incidence of readmission for pneumonia was higher for chi ... | 2013 | 23347702 |
| antiviral activity of diarylheptanoid stereoisomers against respiratory syncytial virus in vitro and in vivo. | we previously showed that (5s)-5-hydroxy-7-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phenylhept-3-one (ao-0011) and (5s)-5-methoxy-1,7-diphenylhept-3-one (ao-0016) isolated from alpinia officinarum exhibited stronger anti-influenza virus activity and anti-respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) activity, respectively, than the other isolated diarylheptanoids. in this study, we synthesized an enantiomer (ao-0503) and racemate (ao-0504) of ao-0011 and an enantiomer (ao-0514) of ao-0016. the anti-rsv activities of the three s ... | 2013 | 23344928 |
| distribution of respiratory syncytial virus subtypes a and b among infants presenting to the emergency department with lower respiratory tract infection or apnea. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a leading viral respiratory pathogen worldwide, has 2 major subtypes, a and b. | 2013 | 23337904 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infections in infants and children with congenital heart disease: update on the evidence of prevention with palivizumab. | lower respiratory tract infections multiply morbidity and mortality within patients with significant congenital heart disease (chd). for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), one of the most important pathogens, immunoprophylaxis with palivizumab has successfully been introduced. the question is which patients will benefit most from this costly preventive treatment. | 2013 | 23337892 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection and recurrent wheezing in chilean infants: a genetic background? | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection has been associated to recurrent wheezing, but pathogenic mechanisms are unclear. interleukin-4/interleukin-13 (il-4/il-13) pathway is involved in both conditions. a common host genetic susceptibility may exist in patients whom rsv will trigger severe illness and those who develop recurrent wheezing. | 2013 | 23333336 |
| a 3-month-old boy with concomitant respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and infant botulism. | | 2013 | 23328826 |
| bioenergetics of murine lungs infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | cellular bioenergetics (cellular respiration and accompanying atp synthesis) is a highly sensitive biomarker of tissue injury and may be altered following infection. the status of cellular mitochondrial o(2) consumption of the lung in pulmonary rsv infection is unknown. | 2013 | 23320837 |
| morbidity and outcome of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the main cause of severe acute respiratory infection (sari) in infants and young children. this study aimed to identify risk factors for intensive care unit (icu) admission, prolonged length of stay (plos), and mortality in patients hospitalized with sari caused by rsv. | 2013 | 23316763 |
| development of a multiplex one step rt-pcr that detects eighteen respiratory viruses in clinical specimens and comparison with real time rt-pcr. | rapid and accurate diagnosis of viral respiratory infections is crucial for patient management. multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (mrt-pcr) is used increasingly to diagnose respiratory infections and has shown to be more sensitive than viral culture and antigen detection. objective of the present study was to develop a one-step mrt-pcr that could detect 18 respiratory viruses in three sets. the method was compared with real time rt-pcr (rrt-pcr) for its sensitivity and sp ... | 2013 | 23313883 |
| food intake during the previous 24 h as a percentage of usual intake: a marker of hypoxia in infants with bronchiolitis: an observational, prospective, multicenter study. | hypoxia associated with bronchiolitis is not always easy to assess on clinical grounds alone. the aim of this study was to determine the value of food intake during the previous 24 hours (bottle and spoon feeding), as a percentage of usual intake (24h fi), as a marker of hypoxia, and to compare its diagnostic value with that of usual clinical signs. | 2013 | 23311899 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants and correlation with meteorological factors and air pollutants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of severe respiratory infections in infants with seasonal epidemics. environmental factors (temperature, humidity, air pollution) could influence rsv epidemics through their effects on virus activity and diffusion. | 2013 | 23311474 |
| displacement of predominant respiratory syncytial virus genotypes in malaysia between 1989 and 2011. | from 1989 to 2011 in kuala lumpur, malaysia, multiple genotypes from both respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subgroups were found co-circulating each year. rsv-a subgroup predominated in 12 out of 17years with the remaining years predominated by rsv-b subgroup. local rsv strains exhibited temporal clustering with rsv strains reported in previous epidemiological studies. every few years, the existing predominant genotype was replaced by a new genotype. the rsv-a genotypes ga2, ga5 and ga7 were rep ... | 2013 | 23305888 |
| pediatric single-lumen cannula venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a french center experience. | single-lumen cannula venovenous (vv) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo) is a special extracorporeal life support (ecls) technique used for neonatal and pediatric refractory hypoxemia. this is an alternative flow rate ecls that consists of successive clamping on the drainage and the injection lines. currently, the armand-trousseau's pediatric intensive care unit remains the only pediatric ecmo center proposing this partial assistance. this article details a technical note and a retrospect ... | 2013 | 23305574 |
| outcome of respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract disease in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients receiving aerosolized ribavirin: significance of stem cell source and oxygen requirement. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is an important complication after hematopoietic cell transplantation (hct), and rsv lower respiratory tract disease (lrd) results in substantial early mortality and late airflow obstruction among survivors. factors associated with poor outcome are unknown. we evaluated the effect of transplant and treatment factors on overall survival, mortality from respiratory failure, and pulmonary function among 82 hct recipients who had rsv lrd between 1990 and 2 ... | 2013 | 23298855 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection modifies and accelerates pulmonary disease via dc activation and migration. | in the present studies, we have established that rsv can elicit a more pathogenic environment dependent on improper dc-associated sensitization. our initial studies demonstrated that rsv, but not influenza, infection during an allergen exposure into the airway induced a more severe allergen response. the rsv-induced exacerbation included an increased th2 cytokine response and pathophysiology as monitored by ahr and mucus overproduction. dcs played a central role in the allergen-induced responses ... | 2013 | 23293372 |
| rotavirus, respiratory syncytial virus and non-rotaviral gastroenteritis analysis of hospital readmissions in england and wales. | to quantify readmissions with infectious diseases and differences in readmission patterns. | 2013 | 23289533 |
| sentinel surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses, brazil, 2000-2010. | there are scanty data on the epidemiology of influenza and other respiratory viruses in south america and brazil. the aim of this study was to summarize the data from the brazilian surveillance system of influenza and other respiratory viruses and discuss the patterns of viral circulation. the system is based on detecting cases of influenza-like illness in sentinel sites and weekly collection of five nasopharyngeal secretions samples, which are processed in state public health laboratories for r ... | 2013 | 23287541 |
| respiratory syncytial virus polymerase can initiate transcription from position 3 of the leader promoter. | the mechanisms by which the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) initiates mrna transcription and rna replication are poorly understood. a previous study, using an rsv minigenome, suggested that the leader (le) promoter region at the 3' end of the genome has two initiation sites, one at position +1, opposite the 3' terminal nucleotide of the genome, and a second site at position +3, at a sequence that closely resembles the gene start (gs) signal of the rsv l gene ... | 2013 | 23283954 |
| elevated risk of asthma after hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection in infancy. | severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in infancy is associated with substantial morbidity worldwide; whether it is a risk factor for childhood asthma is contentious. a systematic review of 28 articles was conducted, summarizing estimates of asthma risk after rsv hospitalization during infancy. prevalence estimates of asthma, among those hospitalized for rsv in infancy, were from 8% to 63%, 10% to 92%, and 37%, at ages <5, 5 to 11, and ≥ 12 years, respectively. these rates were highe ... | 2013 | 23269182 |
| the risk of mortality among young children hospitalized for severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) is the leading cause of childhood morbidity. although also an important cause of childhood mortality worldwide, the impact of key risk factors has not been established. a systematic review of 34 articles reporting case fatality rates in young children hospitalized for severe rsv lrti, according to the presence of underlying rsv risk factors, was conducted. the weighted mean case fatality rate was 1.2% (range, 0-8.3%; medi ... | 2013 | 23269181 |
| molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus during the 2009-2010 season in latvia. | for the first time, we studied molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized children in latvia. during the study period, ten unique group a and three group b strains were identified and assigned to a single genotype within each group-ga2 for group a and ba-iv for group b. | 2013 | 23275128 |
| integrative analysis of longitudinal metabolomics data from a personal multi-omics profile. | the integrative personal omics profile (ipop) is a pioneering study that combines genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and autoantibody profiles from a single individual over a 14-month period. the observation period includes two episodes of viral infection: a human rhinovirus and a respiratory syncytial virus. the profile studies give an informative snapshot into the biological functioning of an organism. we hypothesize that pathway expression levels are associated with disease s ... | 2013 | 24958148 |
| [nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in preterm infants: characteristics of the course, treatment and prevention in clinical practice]. | to study the clinical, laboratory and radiological features of the course of nosocomial bronchiolitis respiratory syncytial viral (rsv) etiology and effectiveness of the therapy in preterm infants in the neonatal hospital conditions. | 2013 | 24640732 |
| from opium tincture to the oprm1 gene: is opioid receptor the missing link in respiratory syncytial virus disease? | | 2013 | 23269153 |
| molecular mechanisms driving respiratory syncytial virus assembly. | respiratory syncytial virus is a single-stranded rna virus in the paramyxoviridae family that preferentially assembles and buds from the apical surface of polarized epithelial cells, forming filamentous structures that contain both viral proteins and the genomic rna. recent studies have described both viral and host factors that are involved in ribonucleoprotein assembly and trafficking of viral proteins to the cell surface. at the cell surface, viral proteins assemble into filaments that probab ... | 2013 | 23252497 |
| the role of dendritic cells in innate and adaptive immunity to respiratory syncytial virus, and implications for vaccine development. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common human pathogen that causes cold-like symptoms in most healthy adults and children. however, rsv often moves into the lower respiratory tract in infants and young children predisposed to respiratory illness, making it the most common cause of pediatric broncheolitis and pneumonia. the development of an appropriate balanced immune response is critical for recovery from rsv, while an unbalanced and/or excessively vigorous response may lead to immunopath ... | 2012 | 23252388 |
| laboratory detection of respiratory viruses by automated techniques. | advances in clinical virology for detecting respiratory viruses have been focused on nucleic acids amplification techniques, which have converted in the reference method for the diagnosis of acute respiratory infections of viral aetiology. improvements of current commercial molecular assays to reduce hands-on-time rely on two strategies, a stepwise automation (semi-automation) and the complete automation of the whole procedure. contributions to the former strategy have been the use of automated ... | 2012 | 23248735 |
| influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccines for infants: safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy. | respiratory viral infections in infants and young children frequently cause illness that can easily progress to hospitalization and death. there are currently no licensed vaccines to prevent respiratory viral disease in children younger than 6 months, reflecting safety concerns and the difficulty in inducing effective immune responses in infants. this review discusses vaccines that have been developed, or are currently being developed, against influenza and respiratory syncytial virus, with a fo ... | 2013 | 23247146 |
| advances in understanding respiratory syncytial virus infection in airway epithelial cells and consequential effects on the immune response. | this article reviews aspects of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in airway epithelial cells (aecs), including cytopathogenesis, entry, replication and the induction of immune response to the virus, including a new role for thymic stromal lymphopoietin in rsv immunopathology. | 2013 | 23246463 |
| adults 65 years old and older have reduced numbers of functional memory t cells to respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects elderly (≥65 years) adults, causing medically attended illness and hospitalizations. while rsv neutralizing antibody levels correlate inversely with rsv-associated hospitalization in the elderly, the role of rsv-specific t cells in preventing disease in the elderly remains unclear. we examined rsv-specific humoral, mucosal, and cellular immune profiles in healthy elderly (65 to 85 years) and young (20 to 30 years) adults. rsv neutralization antibody tite ... | 2013 | 23239796 |
| low sphingosine-1-phosphate impairs lung dendritic cells in cystic fibrosis. | dysfunction of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (cftr) leads to chronic inflammation and infection of the respiratory tract. the role of cftr for cells of the pulmonary immune system is only partly understood. the present study analyzes the phenotype and immune stimulatory capacity of lung dendritic cells (dcs) from cftr knockout (cf) mice. total numbers of conventional dcs, plasmacytoid dcs, and cd103-positive dcs were lower in cf mice compared with wild-type (wt) control mice, as wa ... | 2013 | 23239501 |
| antibiotics for persistent cough or wheeze following acute bronchiolitis in children. | bronchiolitis is a common acute respiratory infectious condition, with a high prevalence worldwide. it is a clinically diagnosed syndrome, manifested by tachypnoea (rapid breathing), with crackles or wheeze in young children. in the acute phase of bronchiolitis (< 14 days), antibiotics have only been recommended when a secondary bacterial infection is suspected. although bronchiolitis is usually a self-limiting condition, a number of children have persistent respiratory symptoms such as cough an ... | 2012 | 23235681 |
| management of respiratory viral infections in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. | advances in stem cell transplantation procedures and the overall improvement in the clinical management of hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) recipients over the past 2 decades have led to an increase in survival duration, in part owing to better strategies for prevention and treatment of post-transplant complications, including opportunistic infections. however, post-hct infections remain a concern for hct recipients, particularly infections caused by community respiratory viruses (crvs), whic ... | 2012 | 23226621 |
| respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein expressed in insect cells form protein nanoparticles that induce protective immunity in cotton rats. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important viral agent causing severe respiratory tract disease in infants and children as well as in the elderly and immunocompromised individuals. the lack of a safe and effective rsv vaccine represents a major unmet medical need. rsv fusion (f) surface glycoprotein was modified and cloned into a baculovirus vector for efficient expression in sf9 insect cells. recombinant rsv f was glycosylated and cleaved into covalently linked f2 and f1 polypeptides tha ... | 2012 | 23226404 |
| opioid receptors control viral replication in the airways. | opioids are frequently used during mechanical ventilation for severe viral infection in infancy. opioid receptors have immunomodulatory properties, but nothing is known about their antiviral effects. we therefore aimed to investigate the role of opioid receptors in virus-induced airway inflammation. | 2013 | 23222260 |
| contribution of respiratory pathogens to influenza-like illness consultations. | influenza-like illnesses (ilis) are caused by several respiratory pathogens. these pathogens show weak to strong seasonal activity implying seasonality in ili consultations. in this paper, the contribution of pathogens to seasonality of ili consultations was statistically modelled. virological count data were first smoothed using modulation models for seasonal time series. second, poisson regression was used regressing ili consultation counts on the smoothed time series. using ratios of the esti ... | 2013 | 23217849 |
| acute care utilization due to hospitalizations for pediatric lower respiratory tract infections in british columbia, canada. | pediatric lrti hospitalizations are a significant burden on patients, families, and healthcare systems. this study determined the burden of pediatric lrtis on hospital settings in british columbia and the benefits of prevention strategies as they relate to healthcare resource demand. | 2012 | 23217103 |
| formation of a stable mimic of ambient particulate matter containing viable infectious respiratory syncytial virus and its dry-deposition directly onto cell cultures. | epidemiological associations of worse respiratory outcomes from combined exposure to ambient particulate matter (pm) and respiratory viral infection suggest possible interactions between pm and viruses. to characterize outcomes of such exposures, we developed an in vitro mimic of the in vivo event of exposure to pm contaminated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). concentration of infectious rsv stocks and a particle levitation apparatus were the foundations of the methodology developed to ge ... | 2013 | 23205519 |
| viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in hospitalized and outpatient children in buenos aires, argentina. | to determine and compare the viral frequency, seasonality and clinical-demographic features in 2 groups of children (hospitalized versus outpatients) with acute respiratory infections. | 2013 | 23190781 |
| global gene expression profiling in infants with acute respiratory syncytial virus broncholitis demonstrates systemic activation of interferon signaling networks. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of pediatric lower respiratory tract infections and has a high impact on pediatric emergency department utilization. variation in host response may influence the pathogenesis and disease severity. we evaluated global gene expression profiles to better understand the systemic host response to acute rsv bronchiolitis in infants and young children. | 2013 | 23190772 |
| a high burden of respiratory syncytial virus associated pneumonia in children less than two years of age in a south east asian refugee population. | pneumonia is a major cause of childhood mortality and morbidity approximately 1.6 million deaths and 150 million episodes occur annually in children <5 years. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) may be responsible for up to 25% of cases and 12% of deaths making it an important potential vaccine target, although data from south east asia is scarce. | 2012 | 23185545 |
| nasal cytokine responses to natural colds in asthmatic children. | the mechanisms by which viruses induce asthma exacerbations are not well understood. | 2012 | 23181789 |
| group- and genotype-specific neutralizing antibody responses against respiratory syncytial virus in infants and young children with severe pneumonia. | the effect of genetic variation on the neutralizing antibody response to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is poorly understood. in this study, acute- and convalescent-phase sera were evaluated against different rsv strains. the proportion of individuals with homologous seroconversion was greater than that among individuals with heterologous seroconversion among those infected with rsv group a (50% vs 12.5%; p = .0005) or rsv group b (40% vs 8%; p = .008). seroconversion to ba genotype or non-ba ... | 2013 | 23175761 |
| endogenous il-21 regulates pathogenic mucosal cd4 t-cell responses during enhanced rsv disease in mice. | a role for interleukin-21 (il-21) has recently been found in several diseases, but contribution to mucosal defences has not been described. in balb/c mice infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), il-21 depletion had little effect in primary infection. however, depletion of mice during priming with recombinant vaccinia expressing rsv g protein (which primes rsv-specific t helper type 2 cells and causes lung eosinophilia during rsv infection) further exacerbated pathology during rsv challe ... | 2013 | 23168836 |
| cd4+ t-cell counts and interleukin-8 and ccl-5 plasma concentrations discriminate disease severity in children with rsv infection. | current tools to predict the severity of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection might be improved by including immunological parameters. we hypothesized that a combination of inflammatory markers would differentiate between severe and mild disease in rsv-infected children. | 2013 | 23165450 |
| understanding respiratory syncytial virus infection to improve treatment and immunity. | despite significant research since it was discovered more than 50 years ago, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) continues to be the leading agent causing infant hospitalization and respiratory distress worldwide. although rsv normally does not cause mortality, this virus is recognized as a major public health and economic burden around the globe. rsv can modulate host immunity leading to an inflammatory response that produces lung damage and virus dissemination in the host airways. remarkably, in ... | 2013 | 23157678 |
| respiratory syncytial virus protects against the subsequent development of ovalbumin-induced allergic responses by inhibiting th2-type γδ t cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection has been hypothesized to be a risk factor for the development of allergy and asthma, but epidemiologic studies in humans still remain inconclusive. the association between rsv infection and allergic diseases may be dependent on an atopic background and previous history of rsv infection. it has been reported that rsv infection before sensitization to an allergen decreased the production of th2-like cytokines in the lung and the levels of allergen-specif ... | 2013 | 23154879 |