| palivizumab prophylaxis during respiratory syncytial virus outbreak in neonatal intensive care unit: author's reply. | | 2013 | 24205516 |
| safety and immunogenicity of a live attenuated rsv vaccine in healthy rsv-seronegative children 5 to 24 months of age. | despite substantial morbidity associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, there is no licensed vaccine. medi-559 is a live attenuated intranasal vaccine candidate being developed for prevention of lower respiratory illness due to rsv in young children. this randomized, placebo-controlled study evaluated safety of medi-559 in healthy, rsv-seronegative children. medi-559 or placebo was administered on 3 occasions, 2 months apart. primary safety was based on solicited symptoms (sss ... | 2013 | 24204744 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) modulation at the virus-host interface affects immune outcome and disease pathogenesis. | the dynamics of the virus-host interface in the response to respiratory virus infection is not well-understood; however, it is at this juncture that host immunity to infection evolves. respiratory viruses have been shown to modulate the host response to gain a replication advantage through a variety of mechanisms. viruses are parasites and must co-opt host genes for replication, and must interface with host cellular machinery to achieve an optimal balance between viral and cellular gene expressi ... | 2013 | 24198740 |
| tidal volume drives inflammation during mechanical ventilation for viral respiratory infection. | respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection is the most frequent cause of respiratory insufficiency necessitating mechanical ventilation in infants during the winter season. recently, we presented a new animal model to show that mechanical ventilation aggravates respiratory syncytial virus-induced pulmonary inflammation by distinct mechanisms. we now use this model to study whether low tidal volume mechanical ventilation causes less ventilator-induced lung injury in the presenc ... | 2014 | 24196010 |
| local il-17a potentiates early neutrophil recruitment to the respiratory tract during severe rsv infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis triggers a strong innate immune response characterized by excessive neutrophil infiltration which contributes to rsv induced pathology. the cytokine il-17a enhances neutrophil infiltration into virus infected lungs. il-17a is however best known as an effector of adaptive immune responses. the role of il-17a in early immune modulation in rsv infection is unknown. we aimed to elucidate whether local il-17a facilitates the innate neutrophil infiltrati ... | 2013 | 24194936 |
| palivizumab prophylaxis during respiratory syncytial virus outbreak in the neonatal intensive care unit. | | 2013 | 24192692 |
| rsv frequency in children below 2 years hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infections. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most frequent agent of acute lower respiratory diseases and creates a significant burden of disease in children under 5 years all over the world. rsv causes severe lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) that require hospitalization, especially in children ≤2 years. the aim of this study was to determine the incidence of rsv in children ≤2 years of age hospitalized for lrti. children ≤2 years of age hospitalized for one year for lrti in the three larges ... | 2013 | 24192672 |
| structure-based design of a fusion glycoprotein vaccine for respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of hospitalization for children under 5 years of age. we sought to engineer a viral antigen that provides greater protection than currently available vaccines and focused on antigenic site ø, a metastable site specific to the prefusion state of the rsv fusion (f) glycoprotein, as this site is targeted by extremely potent rsv-neutralizing antibodies. structure-based design yielded stabilized versions of rsv f that maintained antigenic site ø ... | 2013 | 24179220 |
| temporal characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children and its correlation with climatic factors at a public pediatric hospital in suzhou. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important viral pathogen in infants and children. it is important to analyze rsv epidemic patterns and related relevant factors in order to prevent further infections and related complications. | 2013 | 24176283 |
| delayed sequelae of neonatal respiratory syncytial virus infection are dependent on cells of the innate immune system. | infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in neonatal mice leads to exacerbated disease if mice are reinfected with the same virus as adults. both t cells and the host major histocompatibility complex genotype contribute to this phenomenon, but the part played by innate immunity has not been defined. since macrophages and natural killer (nk) cells play key roles in regulating inflammation during rsv infection of adult mice, we studied the role of these cells in exacerbated inflammation fo ... | 2014 | 24173217 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: how, why and what to do. | bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospitalization of infants and young children worldwide. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants. studies conducted using molecular diagnostic assays confirmed that rsv accounts for over 50% of bronchiolitis in young children requiring hospitalization. those studies demonstrate that it is common to identify rsv in association with a second viral agent but it is yet unclear whether the simultaneous detection of t ... | 2014 | 24171820 |
| co-infections in children hospitalised for bronchiolitis: role of roomsharing. | bronchiolitis is a major cause for hospitalisation in young children during the winter season, with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) as the main causative virus. apart from standard hygiene measures, cohorting of rsv-infected patients separately from rsv-negative patients is frequently applied to prevent cross-infection, although evidence to support this practice is lacking. the objective is to evaluate the risk of room sharing between rsv-positive and rsv-negative patients. | 2013 | 24171054 |
| malnutrition: a risk factor for severe respiratory syncytial virus infection and hospitalization. | longitudinal information examining the effect of poor infant growth on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) severity is limited. children hospitalized with rsv lower respiratory infection represent those at the severe end of the disease spectrum. | 2014 | 24168980 |
| lack of long term effects of high dose inhaled beclomethasone for rsv bronchiolitis - a randomized placebo-controlled trial. | previously we showed that high-dose early initiated inhaled corticosteroids during respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis partially and transiently prevents subsequent recurrent wheeze. here, we study treatment effect on lung function at age 6. | 2013 | 24168979 |
| [follow up care of the preterm infant]. | the birthrate of preterm infants in switzerland has remained stable over the last few years with 7.3 % of all live births in 2011. although outcome and survival have significantly improved in the last decades, morbidity and mortality of preterm infants are still challenging the health care system. important sequelae especially of extreme preterm birth are bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd), impaired growth and neurodevelopmental delay. respiratory problems following discharge are more common among ... | 2013 | 24168798 |
| pediatricians' attitudes and costs of bronchiolitis in the emergency department: a prospective multicentre study. | how pediatricians manage bronchiolitis and the derived total costs (direct and indirect) in the emergency department (ed) have not been fully characterized. the aim of the present study is to calculate those costs in a european country. | 2014 | 24167120 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection is linked to recurrent wheezing in healthy premature infants. | | 2013 | 24160662 |
| rsv vaccine in development: assessing the potential cost-effectiveness in the dutch elderly population. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is increasingly recognized as an important cause of morbidity, mortality and health-care utilization in the elderly population. a theoretical model was built to assess the levels of vaccine effectiveness and vaccine costs for which a hypothetical rsv-vaccine for dutch elderly could be cost-effective. | 2013 | 24148573 |
| increased risk for respiratory syncytial virus-associated, community-acquired alveolar pneumonia in infants born at 31-36 weeks of gestation. | we compared hospitalization and pediatric intensive care unit (picu) admission rates for community-acquired alveolar pneumonia (caap) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-associated caap (rsv-caap) in non-rsv-immunized children <24-month-old born at 31-36 weeks gestational age (ga) versus those born at term (>36 weeks ga). | 2014 | 24145171 |
| respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis reduces chronic respiratory morbidity in prematurely born infants. | | 2014 | 24142143 |
| induction of mucosal immunity and protection by intranasal immunization with a respiratory syncytial virus subunit vaccine formulation. | the majority of infections, including those caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), occur at mucosal surfaces. as no rsv vaccine is available our goal is to produce an effective subunit vaccine with an adjuvant suitable for mucosal delivery and cross-presentation. a truncated secreted version of the rsv fusion (δf) protein formulated with polyi : c, an innate defence regulator peptide and polyphosphazene, induced local and systemic immunity, including affinity maturation of rsv f-specific i ... | 2014 | 24136365 |
| viruses associated with influenza-like-illnesses in papua new guinea, 2010. | influenza-like-illness can be caused by a wide range of respiratory viruses. the etiology of influenza-like-illness in developing countries such as papua new guinea is poorly understood. the etiological agents associated with influenza-like-illness were investigated retrospectively for 300 nasopharyngeal swabs received by the papua new guinea national influenza centre in 2010. real-time pcr/rt-pcr methods were used for the detection of 13 respiratory viruses. patients with influenza-like-illness ... | 2014 | 24136362 |
| rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in children with acute lower respiratory tract infections: a pilot evaluation of an immuno-chromatographic rapid antigen detection method. | | 2013 | 24133927 |
| effect of palivizumab prophylaxis on subsequent recurrent wheezing in preterm infants. | palivizumab effectively prevents severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease in preterm infants. our objective was to test whether palivizumab prophylaxis given to preterm infants during the first rsv season reduces the incidence of subsequent recurrent wheezing up to 3 years of life. | 2013 | 24127479 |
| appropriateness of age thresholds for respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis in moderate-preterm infants: a cohort study. | importance recommendations concerning the appropriate age threshold for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis in moderate-preterm infants are highly debated. objective to determine the age at which moderate-preterm infants' risk of rsv hospitalization has decreased to the risk observed in low-risk term infants. design, setting, and participants retrospective cohort study of florida and texas medicaid fee-for-service billing records matched to birth certificates from medicaid beneficiarie ... | 2013 | 24126903 |
| systematic review of montelukast's efficacy for preventing post-bronchiolitis wheezing. | infants often develop reactive airway diseases subsequent to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis. cysteinyl leukotrienes (cyslts), a class of lipid mediators that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis and asthma, are released during rsv infection, thereby contributing to the pathogenic changes in airway inflammation. many pediatric patients, especially those of very young age, continue to have recurrent episodes of lower airway obstruction after bronchiolitis ... | 2014 | 24118637 |
| children with multiple viral respiratory infections are older than those with single viruses. | to study the clinical impact of multiple viral respiratory infections compared to single infections. | 2014 | 24117958 |
| infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus needed less ventilator time with nasal continuous airways pressure then invasive mechanical ventilation. | nasal continuous positive airway pressure (ncpap) has been proposed as an early first-line support for infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. we hypothesised that infants <6 months with severe rsv would require shorter ventilator support on ncpap than invasive mechanical ventilation (imv). | 2014 | 24117695 |
| ciliary motility activity measurement using a dense optical flow algorithm. | persistent respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections have been associated with the exacerbation of chronic inflammatory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). this virus infects the respiratory epithelium, leading to chronic inflammation, and induces the release of mucins and the loss of cilia activity, two factors that determine mucus clearance and the increase in sputum volume. in this study, an automatic method has been established to determine the ciliary motili ... | 2013 | 24110720 |
| defective control of vitamin d receptor-mediated epithelial stat1 signalling predisposes to severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection causes bronchiolitis in infants with seasonal frequency, for which vitamin d deficiency and a well-described polymorphism in the vitamin d receptor (vdr) foki are important risk factors. recent studies suggest that vitamin d regulates immune pathways in airway epithelial cells during rsv infection. it is not understood why the vdr foki polymorphism predisposes to severe rsv bronchiolitis. we investigated how the vdr foki polymorphism regulates the epit ... | 2014 | 24105653 |
| laboratory testing trends for respiratory syncytial virus, 2007-2011. | antigen detection tests have been the most common diagnostic assay used to detect and diagnose respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). the utility and increased sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) tests have been reported; however, their use in us hospital laboratories is not well characterized. | 2013 | 24103492 |
| other viral pneumonias: coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, hantavirus. | severe viral pneumonia is an increasing problem among adults. the incidence and number of viruses known to cause pneumonia and respiratory failure have also expanded in recent years. this article provides an overview of severe respiratory disease caused by coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, and hantavirus. these emerging pathogens are easily overlooked and timely diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and confirmation by molecular testing. management of individual cases ... | 2013 | 24094390 |
| acute bronchiolitis. | bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infection to affect infants and toddlers. high-risk patients include infants younger than 3 months, premature infants, children with immunodeficiency, children with underlying cardiopulmonary or neuromuscular disease, or infants prone to apnea, severe respiratory distress, and respiratory failure. bronchiolitis is a self-limited disease in healthy infants and children. treatment is usually symptomatic, and the goal of therapy is to maintai ... | 2013 | 24093893 |
| a single amino acid in the f2 subunit of respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein alters growth and fusogenicity. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe lower respiratory tract infection in children, especially in infants less than 1 year of age. there are currently no licensed vaccines against rsv. ra2δm2-2 is a promising live-attenuated vaccine candidate that is currently being evaluated in the clinic. attenuation of ra2δm2-2 is achieved by a single deletion of the m2-2 gene, which disrupts the balance between viral transcription and replication. whilst performing a manufacturing feasibility stud ... | 2013 | 24092758 |
| [association of the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus with environmental factors in chile during the period 2000-2007]. | pollution and viral infections could be associated with the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus. | 2013 | 24089274 |
| [levels of inflammatory cytokines and plasma cortisol in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis]. | an increased inflammatory innate response may play a role in pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. | 2013 | 24089271 |
| clinical characteristics and direct medical cost of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children hospitalized in suzhou, china. | there have been few studies on children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) published from mainland china. we performed a retrospective review of medical charts to describe the epidemiology, clinical features and direct medical cost of laboratory-proven rsv children hospitalized in suzhou, china. | 2014 | 24088730 |
| detection and genome analysis of human bocavirus 1-4 from hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory tract infection and symptoms of wheezing in shanghai. | the aim of this study was to elucidate the clinical and molecular epidemiology of human bocavirus (hbov)1-4 in hospitalized children in shanghai suffering from acute lower respiratory tract infection with symptoms of wheezing. hbov1-4 was detected by nested pcr from 275 nasopharyngeal secretion samples collected from hospitalized children. the hbov-positive dna sequences were aligned and phylogenetic trees were constructed. the detection rate of hbov1 was 5.45% (15/275), which was second only to ... | 2013 | 24085194 |
| modeling respiratory syncytial virus cytopathogenesis in the human airway. | | 2013 | 24083857 |
| chemical constituents from the roots and stems of erycibe obtusifolia and their in vitro antiviral activity. | three new quinic acid derivatives, 4-o-caffeoyl-3-o-sinapoylquinic acid methyl ester (1), 5-o-caffeoyl-4-o-syringoylquinic acid methyl ester (2), and 4-o-caffeoyl-3-o-syringoylquinic acid methyl ester (3), as well as four new coumarin glycosides, 7-o-(3-o-sinapoyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-6-methoxycoumarin (12), 7-o-(6-o-sinapoyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-6-methoxycoumarin (13), 7-o-(2-o-sinapoyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-6-methoxycoumarin (14), and 7-o-(6-o-syringoyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-6-methoxycoumarin (15), ... | 2013 | 24081686 |
| a novel investigational fc-modified humanized monoclonal antibody, motavizumab-yte, has an extended half-life in healthy adults. | the study objective was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (pk), antidrug antibody (ada), and safety of motavizumab-yte (motavizumab with amino acid substitutions m252y/s254t/t256e [yte]), an fc-modified anti-respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) monoclonal antibody. healthy adults (n = 31) were randomized to receive a single intravenous (i.v.) dose of motavizumab-yte or motavizumab (0.3, 3, 15, or 30 mg/kg) and followed for 240 days. clearance of motavizumab-yte was significantly lower (71% to 86%) a ... | 2013 | 24080653 |
| the test-negative design: validity, accuracy and precision of vaccine efficacy estimates compared to the gold standard of randomised placebo-controlled clinical trials. | the test-negative design (tnd) is an efficient form of case-control study commonly applied to influenza vaccine effectiveness (ve) estimation. tnd validity is predicated on the core assumption that the intervention (vaccine) has no effect on other non-targeted aetiologies resulting in similar illness/disease. here we verify this core assumption and compare efficacy estimates derived by the tnd versus classical per-protocol analysis of four datasets obtained from randomised placebo-controlled cli ... | 2013 | 24079398 |
| respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory disease in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: viral rna detection in blood, antiviral treatment, and clinical outcomes. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia after hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) is associated with severe morbidity. although rsv rna has been detected in serum from patients with rsv lower respiratory disease (lrd) after hct, the association with clinical outcomes has not been well established in multivariable models. additionally, the role of antiviral treatment in hct recipients has not been previously analyzed in multivariable models. | 2013 | 24065324 |
| molecular characterization of circulating respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) genotypes in gilgit baltistan province of pakistan during 2011-2012 winter season. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in young children, but very little is known about its epidemiology and circulating genotypes in pakistan. this study analyzed the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of rsv genotypes detected in pakistani children less than 2 years of age with acute respiratory tract infections (aris) in a tertiary care hospital in gilgit baltistan (gb) province during 2011-12 winter season. rsv was detecte ... | 2013 | 24058513 |
| curcumin prevents replication of respiratory syncytial virus and the epithelial responses to it in human nasal epithelial cells. | the human nasal epithelium is the first line of defense during respiratory virus infection. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of bronchitis, asthma and severe lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children. we previously reported in human nasal epithelial cells (hnecs), the replication and budding of rsv and the epithelial responses, including release of proinflammatory cytokines and enhancement of the tight junctions, are in part regulated via an nf-κb pathway. ... | 2013 | 24058438 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection disrupts monolayer integrity and function in cystic fibrosis airway cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a common contributor to pulmonary symptoms in children with cystic fibrosis (cf). here we examined rsv infection in immortalized bronchial epithelial cells (cfbe41o-) expressing wild-type (wt) or f508del cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr), for monolayer integrity and rsv replication. | 2013 | 24056672 |
| [palivizumab for respiratory syncytial virus disease]. | palivizumab (synagis, abbott) is a humanized monoclonal antibody of igg class currently used for prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. it neutralises the protein f of rsv, which allows the virus to penetrate inside the host cell and subsequently to form syncytia, causing clinical manifestations. based on that, our aim was to assess if an early administration of palivizumab during rsv infection could positively modify the infection course, hence providing a therapeutic effec ... | 2013 | 24056377 |
| defining the burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | | 2015 | 24055097 |
| translational sciences approach to rsv vaccine development. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and the elderly. despite its relatively low degree of antigenic variation, it causes frequent reinfection throughout life. clinical manifestations of rsv disease and the immune response to infection differ in infants and the elderly, suggesting that vaccines designed to protect these two populations may require different attributes. here, the authors describe the translational approach of utilizin ... | 2013 | 24053398 |
| increased concentration of iodide in airway secretions is associated with reduced respiratory syncytial virus disease severity. | recent studies have revealed that the human and nonrodent mammalian airway mucosa contains an oxidative host defense system. this three-component system consists of the hydrogen peroxide (h2o2)-producing enzymes dual oxidase (duox)1 and duox2, thiocyanate (scn(-)), and secreted lactoperoxidase (lpo). the lpo-catalyzed reaction between h2o2 and scn(-) yields the bactericidal hypothiocyanite (oscn(-)) in airway surface liquid (asl). although scn(-) is the physiological substrate of lpo, the duox/l ... | 2014 | 24053146 |
| aged mice exhibit a severely diminished cd8 t cell response following respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory virus infections in the elderly result in increased rates of hospitalization and death. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of severe virus-induced respiratory disease in individuals over the age of 65. cd8 t cells play a critical role in mediating rsv clearance. while it is clear that t cell immunity declines with age, it is not clear to what extent the cd8 t cell response to rsv is altered. using aged balb/c mice, we demonstrated that rsv-specific cd8 t cell respon ... | 2013 | 24049171 |
| comparison of the simplexa flua/b & rsv direct assay and laboratory-developed real-time pcr assays for detection of respiratory virus. | the results of the focus simplexa flua/b & rsv direct assay were compared to those of laboratory-developed reverse transcription pcr tests for 498 nasopharyngeal swabs. concordance rates were 96.6% (476/493; κ = 0.91), 97.6% (481/493; κ = 0.47), and 99.2% (488/492; κ = 0.94) for influenza a, influenza b, and respiratory syncytial virus, respectively. | 2013 | 24048529 |
| experimental respiratory syncytial virus infection of human peribronchial gland cells in vitro. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a relevant agent of respiratory tract infections, especially in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases. peribronchial submucosal glands are the main source of tracheobronchial mucus and therefore of major interest. the authors isolated and cultured human peribronchial gland cells and infected them with rsv. the course of infection was monitored by transmission electron, immuno-, and lectin fluorescence microscopy. morphology shows virus factories with budding ... | 2013 | 24047348 |
| oral dexamethasone for bronchiolitis: a randomized trial. | determine whether dexamethasone treatment added to salbutamol reduces time to readiness for discharge in patients with bronchiolitis and possible asthma. | 2013 | 24043283 |
| nanoparticle vaccines encompassing the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g protein cx3c chemokine motif induce robust immunity protecting from challenge and disease. | nanoparticle vaccines were produced using layer-by-layer fabrication and incorporating respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g protein polypeptides comprising the cx3c chemokine motif. balb/c mice immunized with g protein nanoparticle vaccines produced a neutralizing antibody response that inhibited rsv replication in the lungs following rsv challenge. elispot analysis showed that g nanoparticle vaccinated mice had increased levels of rsv g protein-specific il-4 and ifn-γ secreting cells compared to ... | 2013 | 24040360 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection as a cause of hospitalization in population under 1 year in colombia. | to determine the frequency, complications and seasonality at which respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection of the lower respiratory tract causes hospitalization in infants of age 1 year or less in 6 cities of colombia. | 2013 | 24029550 |
| respiratory morbidity of preterm infants of less than 33 weeks gestation without bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a 12-month follow-up of the castor study cohort. | the aim of this study was to describe the incidence and risk factors for respiratory morbidity during the 12-month period following the first respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) season in 242 preterm infants [<33 weeks gestational age (ga)] without bronchopulmonary dysplasia and 201 full-term infants (39-41 weeks ga) from the french castor study cohort. preterm infants had increased respiratory morbidity during the follow-up period compared to full-terms; they were more likely to have wheezing (21 ... | 2014 | 24029023 |
| the human cathelicidin ll-37 has antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract illness among infants, the elderly and immunocompromised individuals. currently, there is no effective vaccine or disease modifying treatment available and novel interventions are urgently required. cathelicidins are cationic host defence peptides expressed in the inflamed lung, with key roles in innate host defence against infection. we demonstrate that the human cathelicidin ll-37 has effective antiviral activity against ... | 2013 | 24023689 |
| reversible diffusion restriction of the middle cerebellar peduncles and dentate nucleus in acute respiratory syncytial virus cerebellitis: a case report. | acute cerebellitis is a postinfectious or postvaccinal disorder that predominantly affects children. the typical magnetic resonance imaging appearance has been previously described as cerebellar hemispheric cortical edema. here, we report a rare case of respiratory syncytial virus-related cerebellitis with transient diffusion restriction of cerebellar peduncles and dentate nucleus. differential diagnoses are also discussed. | 2014 | 24013714 |
| marked induction of matrix metalloproteinase-10 by respiratory syncytial virus infection in human nasal epithelial cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important pathogen of bronchiolitis, asthma, and severe lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children. matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) play key roles in viral infection, inflammation and remodeling of the airway. however, the roles and regulation of mmps in human nasal epithelial cells (hnecs) after rsv infection remain unclear. to investigate the regulation of mmp induced after rsv infection in hnecs, an rsv-infected model of hnecs in vit ... | 2013 | 24009192 |
| progressive changes in inflammatory and matrix adherence of bronchial epithelial cells with persistent respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection (progressive changes in rsv infection). | in addition to the acute manifestations of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), persistent infection may be associated with long-term complications in the development of chronic respiratory diseases. to understand the mechanisms underlying rsv-induced long-term consequences, we established an in vitro rsv (strain a2) infection model using human bronchial epithelial (16hbe) cells that persists over four generations and analyzed cell inflammation and matrix adherence. cells infected with rsv at mult ... | 2013 | 24005865 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and pediatric liver transplant: one center's experience. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a ubiquitous virus responsible for acute infections of the respiratory tract in patients of all ages. rsv presents significant health risks to immunocompromised patients. two patients, 1 before a liver transplant and 1 after a liver transplant, died of a severe rsv infection. because of the high risk of death, we recommend expanding the criteria for palivizumab prophylaxis to 2 types of patients: (1) patients with chronic liver disease or who have received a ... | 2013 | 23996945 |
| increased hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase activity during respiratory syncytial virus infection mediates actin dependent inter-cellular virus transmission. | we have examined the role that hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase (hmgcr) plays during respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) maturation. imaging analysis indicated that virus-induced changes in f-actin structure correlated with the formation of virus filaments, and that these virus filaments played a direct role in virus cell-to-cell transmission. treatment with cytochalasin d (cyd) prevented virus filament formation and virus transmission, but this could be reversed by removal of cyd. this ... | 2013 | 23994498 |
| association of a genetic variant of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a with infections in alaska native children. | to evaluate whether the arctic variant (c.1436c→t) of carnitine palmitoyltransferase type 1a (cpt1a) is associated with a higher incidence of adverse health outcomes in alaska native infants and children. | 2013 | 23992672 |
| hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus illness in down syndrome following prophylaxis with palivizumab. | down syndrome (ds) is a risk factor for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization, but little is known about prophylaxis in these children. | 2014 | 23989104 |
| cellular and humoral immunity of virus-induced asthma. | asthma inception is associated with respiratory viral infection, especially infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and/or human rhinovirus (hrv), in the vast majority of cases. however, the reason why rsv and hrv induce the majority of bronchiolitis cases during early childhood and why only a small percentage of children with rsv- and hrv-induced bronchiolitis later develop asthma remains unclear. a genetic association study has revealed the important interaction between viral illness ... | 2013 | 23986756 |
| kinetics of the neutralizing antibody response to respiratory syncytial virus infections in a birth cohort. | the kinetics of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) neutralizing antibodies following birth, primary and secondary infections are poorly defined. the aims of the study were to measure and compare neutralizing antibody responses at different time points in a birth cohort followed-up over three rsv epidemics. rural kenyan children, recruited at birth between 2002 and 2003, were monitored for rsv infection over three epidemic seasons. cord and 3-monthly sera, and acute and convalescent sera following ... | 2013 | 23983183 |
| the ct appearance of lower respiratory infection due to parainfluenza virus in adults. | we retrospectively reviewed the ct findings of lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) due to parainfluenza virus (piv) to determine the imaging features of piv infection and to identify any differences compared with the ct appearances of lrtis due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), adenovirus, and influenza virus. | 2013 | 23971445 |
| phenolic compounds with in vitro activity against respiratory syncytial virus from the nigerian lichen ramalina farinacea. | the extract of the nigerian lichen ramalina farinacea showed inhibitory activity against the respiratory syncytial virus in a preliminary assay. a follow-up chemical investigation of this lichen led to the isolation of thirteen phenolic compounds (1-13), including one new hydroquinone depside, designated 5-hydroxysekikaic acid (1), and one new orsellinic acid derivative, 2,3-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-6-pentylbenzoic acid (8). their structures were unambiguously determined by analysis of 1d and 2d nmr ... | 2013 | 23970423 |
| a case of delayed sequence intubation in a pediatric patient with respiratory syncytial virus. | | 2013 | 23969131 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and recurrent wheeze. | | 2013 | 23964948 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and recurrent wheeze. | | 2013 | 23964947 |
| advances in and the potential of vaccines for respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of serious lower respiratory track illness causing bronchiolitis and some mortality in infants and the elderly. despite decades of research there is no licensed rsv vaccine. to enable the development of rsv vaccines, several major obstacles must be overcome including immature and waning immunity to rsv infection, the capacity of rsv to evade immunity and the failure of rsv infection to induce robust enduring immunity. since the failure of th ... | 2013 | 23964629 |
| is the interpretation of rapid antigen testing for respiratory syncytial virus as simple as positive or negative? | to measure the performance characteristics of an immunochromatographic rapid antigen test for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and determine how its interpretation should be contextualised in patients presenting to the emergency department (ed) with bronchiolitis. | 2014 | 23964062 |
| increased cytokine/chemokines in serum from asthmatic and non-asthmatic patients with viral respiratory infection. | respiratory viral infections can induce different cytokine/chemokine profiles in lung tissues and have a significant influence on patients with asthma. there is little information about the systemic cytokine status in viral respiratory-infected asthmatic patients compared with non-asthmatic patients. | 2014 | 23962134 |
| evaluation of the simplexa flu a/b and rsv test for the rapid detection of influenza viruses. | recently, various molecular systems have been introduced for the detection of influenza viruses. among these, the simplexa flu a/b and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) test can provide results in approximately 2 hr. nasopharyngeal swabs from 241 patients (influenza a, n = 81; influenza b, n = 80; influenza a and influenza b mixed, n = 1; influenza a and rsv a mixed, n = 2; and influenza and rsv negative, n = 77) were analyzed using the simplexa flu a/b and rsv test, a conventional reverse-trans ... | 2013 | 23959434 |
| spatiotemporal patterns of infant bronchiolitis in a tennessee medicaid population. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality in infants, primarily through the induction of bronchiolitis. rsv epidemics are highly seasonal, occurring in the winter months in the northern hemisphere. within the united states, rsv epidemic dynamics vary both spatially and temporally. this analysis employs a retrospective space–time scan statistic to locate spatiotemporal clustering of infant bronchiolitis in a very large tennessee (tn) medicaid cohort. ... | 2013 | 23956809 |
| relative respiratory syncytial virus cytopathogenesis in upper and lower respiratory tract epithelium. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major pathogen that primarily infects airway epithelium. most infants suffer mild upper respiratory tract (urt) symptoms, whereas approximately one-third progress to lower respiratory tract (lrt) involvement. despite the ubiquity of urt infection, little is known about the relative cytopathogenesis of rsv infection in infant urt and lrt. | 2013 | 23952745 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) suppression of glucocorticoid receptor phosphorylation does not account for repression of transactivation. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced bronchiolitis in infants, although inflammatory in nature, is not responsive to glucocorticoids. we have recently shown that rsv-infected lung epithelial cells have impaired glucocorticoid receptor (gr)-mediated transactivation. in this study, we show that the n-terminal region of gr is required for rsv repression of gr transactivation and that rsv infection of lung epithelial cells reduces ligand-dependent gr phosphorylation at serine 211 and serine 226 ... | 2013 | 23951552 |
| extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for the treatment of acute respiratory failure due to respiratory syncytial virus after congenital heart surgery. | mechanical circulatory support using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a therapeutic option for intractable cardiac or respiratory failure. it has widely been used for adult and pediatric patient population with considerable success in cases with otherwise dismal prognosis. we describe the successful use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a 9-month-old patient suffering from a virus-related respiratory failure after congenital cardiac surgery. | 2013 | 23949619 |
| roflumilast inhibits respiratory syncytial virus infection in human differentiated bronchial epithelial cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes acute exacerbations in copd and asthma. rsv infects bronchial epithelial cells (hbe) that trigger rsv associated lung pathology. this study explores whether the phosphodiesterase 4 (pde4) inhibitor roflumilast n-oxide (rno), alters rsv infection of well-differentiated hbe (wd-hbe) in vitro. wd-hbe were rsv infected in the presence or absence of rno (0.1-100 nm). viral infection (staining of f and g proteins, nucleoprotein rna level), mrna of icam-1, cilia ... | 2013 | 23936072 |
| [the most prevalent environmental risk factors in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infants from 0 to 24 months in a seasonal study performed in two hospitals]. | our aim is to describe the environmental aspects of children between 0 and 24 months, who arrived in the emergency department of the hospital general de cataluña and hospital parc tauli (both within barcelona province), and were diagnosed with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis from november 2010 to february 2011. | 2013 | 23928150 |
| [viral etiology of acute respiratory tract infection among pediatric inpatients and outpatients from 2010 to 2012 in beijing, china]. | acute respiratory tract infections (ari) are the leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in developing countries. viruses are the main pathogens of ari in children. the purpose of the present study was to determine the epidemiologic features of respiratory viruses, including novel viruses, in outpatient and hospitalized children with ari. | 2013 | 23927797 |
| regulatory t cells prevent th2 immune responses and pulmonary eosinophilia during respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice. | during viral infection, inflammation and recovery are tightly controlled by competing proinflammatory and regulatory immune pathways. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading global cause of infantile bronchiolitis, which is associated with recurrent wheeze and asthma diagnosis in later life. th2-driven disease has been well described under some conditions for rsv-infected mice. in the present studies, we used the foxp3(dtr) mice (which allow specific conditional depletion of foxp3(+) t ... | 2013 | 23926350 |
| sustained protein kinase d activation mediates respiratory syncytial virus-induced airway barrier disruption. | understanding the regulation of airway epithelial barrier function is a new frontier in asthma and respiratory viral infections. despite recent progress, little is known about how respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) acts at mucosal sites, and very little is known about its ability to influence airway epithelial barrier function. here, we studied the effect of rsv infection on the airway epithelial barrier using model epithelia. 16hbe14o- bronchial epithelial cells were grown on transwell inserts a ... | 2013 | 23926335 |
| a cost-effectiveness analysis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis in infants in the united kingdom. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of respiratory infection that is highly prevalent in infants. severe cases of rsv infection require hospitalisation; this is most likely to occur in infant populations at high risk. the study assesses the cost-effectiveness of palivizumab versus no prophylaxis in infants at high risk of hospitalisation with rsv in the united kingdom (uk). | 2013 | 23919494 |
| point-of-care tests for infection control: should rapid testing be in the laboratory or at the front line? | a point-of-care test (poct) offers a rapid result to manage a patient immediately. the presumed simplicity of such tests belies observed variation between personnel in performing and interpreting results when not appropriately trained. the number of point-of-care devices being developed for the diagnosis of infectious diseases is increasing; by understanding the limitations associated with their use, such tests for infection control purposes may be possible. | 2013 | 23916892 |
| long-term respiratory consequences of premature birth at less than 32 weeks of gestation. | chronic respiratory morbidity is a common adverse outcome of very premature birth, particularly in infants who had developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd). prematurely born infants who had bpd may require supplementary oxygen at home for many months and affected infants have increased healthcare utilisation until school age. chest radiograph abnormalities are common; computed tomography of the chest gives predictive information in children with ongoing respiratory problems. readmission to hos ... | 2013 | 23910576 |
| palivizumab prophylaxis during nosocomial outbreaks of respiratory syncytial virus in a neonatal intensive care unit: predicting effectiveness with an artificial neural network model. | to identify subgroups of premature infants who may benefit from palivizumab prophylaxis during nosocomial outbreaks of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. | 2014 | 23897635 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immunization program for the united states: impact of performance determinants of a theoretical vaccine. | to inform strategic decisions on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine development and identify critical endpoints likely to drive the vaccine's medical and economic impact. | 2013 | 23896421 |
| hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis mimicking surgical symptoms and complications: lessons learned from four cases. | hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (hlh) is a severe immunological disorder that leads to a massive inflammatory reaction that may prove rapidly fatal. we show that hlh may present by masquerading as surgical disease or as a postoperative complication leading to delays in diagnosis and treatment. | 2013 | 23895965 |
| affinity-purified respiratory syncytial virus antibodies from intravenous immunoglobulin exert potent antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. | mixed infections are one of the major therapeutic challenges, as the current strategies have had limited success. one of the most common and widespread conditions of mixed infection is respiratory syncytial virus-mediated pathology of the respiratory tract in children. there is a dire need for the development of novel therapeutic approaches during mixed infections. therapeutic intravenous immunoglobulin preparations, obtained from plasma pools of healthy donors have been used in immune deficienc ... | 2013 | 23894466 |
| autophagy-inducing protein beclin-1 in dendritic cells regulates cd4 t cell responses and disease severity during respiratory syncytial virus infection. | recent work demonstrated the importance of macroautophagy in dendritic cell (dc) maturation and innate cytokine production upon viral infection through delivery of cytoplasmic viral components to intracellular tlrs. to study the functional consequences of impaired autophagosome formation during a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, mice harboring significant autophagy defects due to beclin-1 haploinsufficiency (beclin-1(+/-)) were used. upon rsv infection in vivo, lungs of beclin-1(+/-) ... | 2013 | 23894198 |
| infection prevention and control measures for acute respiratory infections in healthcare settings: an update. | viruses account for the majority of the acute respiratory tract infections (aris) globally with a mortality exceeding 4 million deaths per year. the most commonly encountered viruses, in order of frequency, include influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza and adenovirus. current evidence suggests that the major mode of transmission of arls is through large droplets, but transmission through contact (including hand contamination with subsequent self-inoculation) and infectious respir ... | 2013 | 23888794 |
| downregulation of il7r, ccr7, and tlr4 in the cord blood of children with respiratory syncytial virus disease. | the association between gene expression at birth of 11 candidate genes with important innate and adaptive immune functions and later respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease was investigated. cord blood was collected from 2108 newborns. forty-seven were subsequently rsv positive. gene expression analysis by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was compared to 17 controls. there was downregulation of interleukin 7 receptor (il7r) (p = .0001) and chemokine receptor 7 (ccr7 ... | 2013 | 23888080 |
| a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) anti-g protein f(ab')2 monoclonal antibody suppresses mucous production and breathing effort in rsv ra2-line19f-infected balb/c mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) belongs to the family paramyxoviridae and is the single most important cause of serious lower respiratory tract infections in young children, yet no highly effective treatment or vaccine is available. increased airway resistance and increased airway mucin production are two manifestations of rsv infection in children. rsv ra2-line19f infection induces pulmonary mucous production and increased breathing effort in balb/c mice and provides a way to assess these man ... | 2013 | 23885067 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalizations among children less than 24 months of age. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a leading cause of hospitalization among infants. however, estimates of the rsv hospitalization burden have varied, and precision has been limited by the use of age strata grouped in blocks of 6 to ≥ 12 months. | 2013 | 23878043 |
| hs n-sulfation and iduronic acids play an important role in the infection of respiratory syncytial virus in vitro. | as a member of glycosaminoglycans (gags), heparan sulfate (hs) are sulfated to varying extents and used by a large number of viruses to initiate infection, including respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). heparinases i, ii, iii can remove n-sulfation and iduronic acids units of hs, and low-molecular-weight heparin (lmwh) has a very similar structure to that of hs. | 2013 | 23877848 |
| viral degradasome hijacks mitochondria to suppress innate immunity. | the balance between the innate immunity of the host and the ability of a pathogen to evade it strongly influences pathogenesis and virulence. the two nonstructural (ns) proteins, ns1 and ns2, of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are critically required for rsv virulence. together, they strongly suppress the type i interferon (ifn)-mediated innate immunity of the host cells by degrading or inhibiting multiple cellular factors required for either ifn induction or response pathways, including rig-i ... | 2013 | 23877405 |
| editorial commentary: respiratory syncytial virus: a global pathogen in an aging world. | | 2013 | 23876396 |