| regulatory natural killer cells: new players in the il-10 anti-inflammatory response. | natural killer (nk) cells boost immune defense via their cytolytic activity and their capacity to produce interferon-gamma. now perona-wright et al. (2009), in this issue of cell host & microbe, show that nk cells can also dampen immune responses to diverse pathogens via secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10. remarkably, this immunosuppressive activity only occurs during systemic infections. | 2009 | 20006835 |
| systemic but not local infections elicit immunosuppressive il-10 production by natural killer cells. | surviving infection represents a balance between the proinflammatory responses needed to eliminate the pathogen, and anti-inflammatory signals limiting damage to the host. il-10 is a potent immunosuppressive cytokine whose impact is determined by the timing and localization of release. we show that nk cells rapidly express il-10 during acute infection with diverse rapidly disseminating pathogens. the proinflammatory cytokine il-12 was necessary and sufficient for nk cell induction of il-10. nk c ... | 2009 | 20006839 |
| listeria monocytogenes-infected human peripheral blood mononuclear cells produce il-1beta, depending on listeriolysin o and nlrp3. | different nod-like receptors, including nlrp1, nlrp3, and nlrc4, as well as the recently identified hin-200 protein, aim2, form multiprotein complexes called inflammasomes, which mediate caspase-1-dependent processing of pro-il-1beta. listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular pathogen that is actively phagocytosed by monocytes/macrophages and subsequently escapes from the phagosome into the host cell cytosol, depending on its pore-forming toxin listeriolysin o (llo). in this study, we demonstra ... | 2010 | 20008285 |
| systemic listeriosis with adalimumab therapy. | | 2009 | 20009978 |
| glimpsing the real cd4+ t cell response. | | 2010 | 20016511 |
| in this issue. | hsst! histones rock!: pp. 5437-5445histones were a nuisance to molecular biologists in the early days - they were small, very basic, and did not do anything except neutralizing the charge on dna. then nucleosomes were discovered. containing two sets of histones and a discrete chunk of dna, they gave us structure. and now they give us targets. transcriptional accessibility to dna is regulated, in part, through the addition or removal of acetyl groups on histones. the work reported here by naldi e ... | 2009 | 20017151 |
| cem-101, a novel fluoroketolide: antimicrobial activity against a diverse collection of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. | cem-101 is a novel fluoroketolide with reported high potency against diverse groups of gram-positive (micrococcus spp., viridans group streptococci, corynebacterium spp. listeria monocytogenes, clostridium spp., etc.) and gram-negative bacteria (neisseria gonorrhoeae, campylobacter jejuni, helicobacter pylori, bacteroides fragilis, shigella spp., etc.), including mycoplasma and ureaplasma, as well as bacteria commonly associated with community-acquired respiratory tract infections and skin and s ... | 2010 | 20022192 |
| effects of chitosan films on the growth of listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus and salmonella spp. in laboratory media and in fish soup. | the objective of this study was to assess the antimicrobial effectiveness of chitosonium acetate films on the growth of listeria monocytogenes, salmonella spp. and staphylococcus aureus. the samples were tested in both laboratory conditions using tryptone soy broth (tsb) and in a real food system using fish soup. the study was carried out at different temperatures (4, 12, and 37 degrees c) in order to discern the influence of such variables. moreover, a sensory evaluation of the final product wa ... | 2010 | 20022649 |
| [mechanism for the induction of host immune response by virulence factors of listeria monocytogenes]. | | 2009 | 20023369 |
| exaggerated inflammation, impaired host defense, and neuropathology in progranulin-deficient mice. | progranulin (pgrn) is a widely expressed protein involved in diverse biological processes. haploinsufficiency of pgrn in the human causes tau-negative, ubiquitin-positive frontotemporal dementia (ftd). however, the mechanisms are unknown. to explore the role of pgrn in vivo, we generated pgrn-deficient mice. macrophages from these mice released less interleukin-10 and more inflammatory cytokines than wild type (wt) when exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. pgrn-deficient mice failed to clear ... | 2010 | 20026663 |
| naturally occurring altered peptide ligands control salmonella-specific cd4+ t cell proliferation, ifn-gamma production, and protective potency. | t cell activation required for host defense against infection is an intricately regulated and precisely controlled process. although in vitro studies indicate that three distinct stimulatory signals are required for t cell activation, the precise contribution of each signal in regulating t cell proliferation and differentiation after in vivo infection is unknown. in this study, altered peptide ligands (apls) derived from the protective salmonella-specific flic ag and cd4+ t cells specific for th ... | 2010 | 20026741 |
| constitutive activation of wnt signaling favors generation of memory cd8 t cells. | t cell factor-1 (tcf-1) and lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1, the effector transcription factors of the canonical wnt pathway, are known to be critical for normal thymocyte development. however, it is largely unknown if it has a role in regulating mature t cell activation and t cell-mediated immune responses. in this study, we demonstrate that, like il-7ralpha and cd62l, tcf-1 and lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 exhibit dynamic expression changes during t cell responses, being highly expres ... | 2010 | 20026746 |
| gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria induce different patterns of cytokine production in human mononuclear cells irrespective of taxonomic relatedness. | upon bacterial stimulation, tissue macrophages produce a variety of cytokines that orchestrate the immune response that clears the infection. we have shown that gram-positives induce higher levels of interleukin-12 (il-12), interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma), and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) than do gram-negatives, which instead induce more of il-6, il-8, and il-10. here, we study whether these patterns follows or crosses taxonomic borders. pbmcs fr ... | 2010 | 20028205 |
| evidence for the involvement of acta in maturation of the listeria monocytogenes phagosome. | | 2010 | 20029388 |
| inhibition of listeria monocytogenes infection by neurological drugs. | to gain insights into the cellular processes required for intracellular bacterial pathogenesis, we previously developed a generalisable screening approach to identify small molecule compounds that alter listeria monocytogenes infection. in this report, a small molecule library enriched for compounds affecting neurological functions was screened and 68 compounds that disrupted l. monocytogenes infection of macrophages were identified. many of these compounds were known antimicrobial agents, howev ... | 2010 | 20031379 |
| occurrence of listeria monocytogenes in salami manufactured in the marche region (central italy). | the aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of listeria monocytogenes in salami samples collected from production plants of the marche region, and to assess the end-product acceptability based on the former italian regulations and european commission (ec) regulation no 2073/2005. based on the limits specified in the former italian regulations, the percentage of non-acceptable samples was 34.3%, whereas based on the limits specified in ec regulation n degrees 2073/2005, a lower ... | 2010 | 20035114 |
| effects of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline on nitric oxide and endothelin-1 secretion from rimecs induced by listeriolysin o in vitro. | to investigate the effects of listeriolysin o (llo) on morphology, nitric oxide (no) and endothelin-1 (et-1) release by rat intestinal microvascular endothelial cells (rimecs). we aimed to elucidate a preliminary therapeutic mechanism of action of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline (active components of uncaria rhynchophylla) on listeriosis treatment and how they regulate the llo-induced parasecretion of vasoactive agents in rimecs. a rimecs injury model was established by stimulating the ce ... | 2010 | 20036082 |
| antimicrobial compounds produced by lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei 2a, a bacteriocinogenic strain isolated from a brazilian meat product. | bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria are gaining increased importance due to their activity against undesirable microorganisms in foods. in this study, a concentrated acid extract of a culture of lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei 2a, a bacteriocinogenic strain isolated from a brazilian pork product, was purified by cation exchange and reversed-phase chromatographic methods. the amino acid sequences of the active antimicrobial compounds determined by edman degradation were compared to kno ... | 2010 | 20037770 |
| deep rna sequencing of l. monocytogenes reveals overlapping and extensive stationary phase and sigma b-dependent transcriptomes, including multiple highly transcribed noncoding rnas. | identification of specific genes and gene expression patterns important for bacterial survival, transmission and pathogenesis is critically needed to enable development of more effective pathogen control strategies. the stationary phase stress response transcriptome, including many sigmab-dependent genes, was defined for the human bacterial pathogen listeria monocytogenes using rna sequencing (rna-seq) with the illumina genome analyzer. specifically, bacterial transcriptomes were compared betwee ... | 2009 | 20042087 |
| the increasing prevalence of listeriosis--what are we missing? | | 2010 | 20042433 |
| adiponectin is required for enhancement of ccl2 expression in adipose tissue during listeria monocytogenes infection. | obesity is an important background of metabolic syndrome progression. our previous study demonstrated that chemokine ccl2 expression was suppressed in liver of obese mice that were highly susceptible to listeria monocytogenes infection. we investigated the role of adiponectin in ccl2 expression in obese mice after l. monocytogenes infection. when leptin-deficient obese ob/ob mice were infected intraperitoneally with l. monocytogenes, the elimination of bacteria from spleen, liver, mesenteric lym ... | 2010 | 20045352 |
| [study on rapid detection techniques of pcr-elisa for listeria monocytogenes]. | to develop rapid pcr-elisa methods for detecting listeria monocytogenes, and detect food samples artificially contaminated with listeria monocytogenes. | 2009 | 20047217 |
| influence of fatty acid precursors, including food preservatives, on the growth and fatty acid composition of listeria monocytogenes at 37 and 10degreesc. | listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen that grows at refrigeration temperatures and increases its content of anteiso-c(15:0) fatty acid, which is believed to be a homeoviscous adaptation to ensure membrane fluidity, at these temperatures. as a possible novel approach for control of the growth of the organism, the influences of various fatty acid precursors, including branched-chain amino acids and branched- and straight-chain carboxylic acids, some of which are also well-established foo ... | 2010 | 20048057 |
| synergistic effects of sodium chloride, glucose, and temperature on biofilm formation by listeria monocytogenes serotype 1/2a and 4b strains. | biofilm formation by listeria monocytogenes is generally associated with its persistence in the food-processing environment. serotype 1/2a strains make up more than 50% of the total isolates recovered from food and the environment, while serotype 4b strains are most often associated with major outbreaks of human listeriosis. using a microplate assay with crystal violet staining, we examined biofilm formation by 18 strains of each serotype in tryptic soy broth with varying concentrations of gluco ... | 2010 | 20048067 |
| bacteriophage significantly reduces listeria monocytogenes on raw salmon fillet tissue. | we have demonstrated the antilisterial activity of generally recognized as safe (gras) bacteriophage listex p100 (phage p100) on the surface of raw salmon fillet tissue against listeria monocytogenes serotypes 1/2a and 4b. in a broth model system, phage p100 completely inhibited l. monocytogenes growth at 4 degrees celsius for 12 days, at 10 degrees celsius for 8 days, and at 30 degrees celsius for 4 days, at all three phage concentrations of 10(4), 10(6), and 10(8) pfu/ml. on raw salmon fillet ... | 2010 | 20051201 |
| production, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of a bacteriocin from newly isolated enterococcus faecium ij-31. | this work aimed to isolate and characterize enterococcus spp. from indigenous dairy products in islamabad, pakistan. by classical microbiological techniques, one strain from a butter sample was identified to be enterococcus faecium, and we designated it e. faecium ij-31. the precise identity of this strain was then established by determining the sequence of its 16s and 23s rrna genes. the sequence homology searches revealed matches with a number of previously reported strains, such as e. faecium ... | 2010 | 20051203 |
| comparison of invasiveness among surface-adherent variants of listeria monocytogenes in caco-2 cell culture assays. | the persistence of listeria monocytogenes in meat processing plants is believed to be partly linked with their adherence properties to abiotic surfaces that may allow contamination of ready-to-eat (rte) foods. isolates of raw meats, rte meats and environmental samples from rte meat processing facilities that demonstrated differences in adherence to abiotic surfaces (glass, plastic, stainless steel, and rubber) were tested for cellular adherence and invasion in the caco-2 human cell line. strains ... | 2010 | 20051303 |
| enhanced antimicrobial activity of starch-based film impregnated with thermally processed tannic acid, a strong antioxidant. | starch-based films impregnated with fresh tannic acid (fta/starch film) and thermally processed tannic acid (pta/starch film) were assessed for inhibition of escherichia coli o157:h7 and listeria monocytogenes. disc-diffusion assay revealed that the pta/starch film showed larger clear zone around the film on the bacterial lawn than the fta/starch film at the same tannic acid concentrations (0.45 to 4.5mg per disc). viable cell count assays in tryptic soy broth showed that the pta/starch film als ... | 2010 | 20051308 |
| the bacterial pathogen listeria monocytogenes: an emerging model in prokaryotic transcriptomics. | a major challenge in bacterial pathogenesis is understanding the molecular basis of the switch from saprophytism to virulence. following a recent whole-genome transcriptomic analysis using tiling arrays, an article published in bmc genomics reports the first use of rna-seq in listeria monocytogenes in order to identify genes controlled by sigma b, a transcriptional regulator with a critical role in virulence. | 2009 | 20053304 |
| modeling logistic performance in quantitative microbial risk assessment. | in quantitative microbial risk assessment (qmra), food safety in the food chain is modeled and simulated. in general, prevalences, concentrations, and numbers of microorganisms in media are investigated in the different steps from farm to fork. the underlying rates and conditions (such as storage times, temperatures, gas conditions, and their distributions) are determined. however, the logistic chain with its queues (storages, shelves) and mechanisms for ordering products is usually not taken in ... | 2010 | 20055976 |
| contemporary strategies in combating microbial contamination in food chain. | the objective of this review has been to disclose collected information on benefits and risks of selected "less-than - sterilizing" processes applied to control microbial hazards in food that was meticulously collected and critically reviewed during five years of eu sixth framework project "pathogen combat". the target organisms of the project, and thus of this review, too, were listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157:h7 and campylobacter jejuni. due to their specific response and high rel ... | 2010 | 20056287 |
| effects of exposure to poultry chemical decontaminants on the membrane fluidity of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enterica strains. | there is a lack of work comparing the influence of various poultry chemical decontaminants on the membrane fluidity of pathogenic bacteria. in order to assess the possible role of physical membrane changes on bacterial adaptation to decontaminants, fluorescence anisotropy of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (dph) was measured in listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enterica strains before and after growth in the presence of increasing sub-lethal concentrations of decontaminants (trisodium phosphat ... | 2010 | 20056288 |
| the major pep-phosphotransferase systems (ptss) for glucose, mannose and cellobiose of listeria monocytogenes, and their significance for extra- and intracellular growth. | in this report we examine the pep-dependent phosphotransferase systems (ptss) of listeria monocytogenes egd-e, especially those involved in glucose and cellobiose transport. this l. monocytogenes strain possesses in total 86 pts genes, encoding 29 complete ptss for the transport of carbohydrates and sugar alcohols, and several single pts components, possibly supporting transport of these compounds. by a systematic deletion analysis we identified the major ptss involved in glucose, mannose and ce ... | 2010 | 20056707 |
| microbiological quality of raw milk used for small-scale artisan cheese production in vermont: effect of farm characteristics and practices. | this study 1) evaluated the overall milk quality and prevalence of 4 target pathogens (listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, salmonella spp., and escherichia coli o157:h7) in raw milk used for small-scale artisan cheesemaking and 2) examined specific farm characteristics and practices and their effect on bacterial and somatic cell counts (scc). raw milk samples were collected weekly from 21 artisan cheese operations (6 organic) in the state of vermont that manufactured raw-milk cheese f ... | 2010 | 20059912 |
| disk abalone (haliotis discus discus) expresses a novel antistasin-like serine protease inhibitor: molecular cloning and immune response against bacterial infection. | a novel antistasin-like cdna homologue named as ab-antistasin was isolated from the disk abalone haliotis discus discus normalized cdna library. the ab-antistasin (1398-bp) consisted of an 1185-bp open reading frame encoding 395 amino acid (aa) residues. the predicted molecular mass and isoelectric point of ab-antistasin was 44 kda and 8.5, respectively, and showed highest identity (23.1%) to hydra magnipapillata antistasin. the most striking feature of ab-antistasin is the 12-fold internal repe ... | 2010 | 20060477 |
| overcoming the hurdles in using mouse genetic models that block tgf-beta signaling. | the recent recognition of the importance of transforming growth factor beta (tgf-beta) in mediating many cellular immune functions has popularized the use of mouse models where tgf-beta signaling is blocked in specific cell types. however, there are some caveats affiliated with each model. here we describe and show evidence for some of the limitations of these models and provide insight into ways to improve the utility of these animals for in vivo studies. | 2010 | 20060833 |
| genome organization and characterization of the virulent lactococcal phage 1358 and its similarities to listeria phages. | virulent phage 1358 is the reference member of a rare group of phages infecting lactococcus lactis. electron microscopy revealed a typical icosahedral capsid connected to one of the smallest noncontractile tails found in a lactococcal phage of the siphoviridae family. microbiological characterization identified a burst size of 72 virions released per infected host cell and a latent period of 90 min. the host range of phage 1358 was limited to 3 out of the 60 lactococcal strains tested. moreover, ... | 2010 | 20061452 |
| listeriolysin o is necessary and sufficient to induce autophagy during listeria monocytogenes infection. | recent studies have suggested that autophagy is utilized by cells as a protective mechanism against listeria monocytogenes infection. | 2010 | 20062534 |
| [acute bacterial meningitis in adults, a 20 year overview.] | introduction: although acute bacterial meningitis is most common among children, the disease nevertheless poses serious problems in the adult population. however, most clinical overviews of the disease have either focused on children or all age groups combined. subjects and methods: information on all patients 5=16 years of age diagnosed in iceland during the years 1975-1994 was collected from patient records from 10 hospitals and the records of the dept. of microbiology at the university hospit ... | 1995 | 20065460 |
| listeria monocytogenes internalin and e-cadherin: from bench to bedside. | listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive bacterium responsible for a severe infection associated with different clinical features (gastroenteritis, meningoencephalitis, and abortion in pregnant women). these pathologies are caused by the unusual capacity of the bacterium to cross three host barriers during infection and to invade nonphagocytic cells. to invade host cells, listeria uses two proteins, inla and inlb, which have specific receptors on the host-cell surface, e-cadherin and met, respe ... | 2009 | 20066101 |
| myd88 and interferon-alpha/beta are differentially required for dendritic cell maturation but dispensable for development of protective memory against listeria. | signalling pathways mediated by myd88 are important for sensing toll-like receptor (tlr) ligands and directing an immune response. however, the influence of myd88-derived cytokines and interferon (ifn)-alpha/beta, the latter being made by both myd88-dependent and -independent pathways, in phenotypic and functional dendritic cell (dc) maturation during infection is poorly understood. here we investigate the contribution of myd88-dependent and -independent pathways to dc maturation, cd8 t-cell act ... | 2009 | 20067542 |
| [contribution of sigma b to environmental stress tolerance in listeria monocytogenes--a review]. | the alternative sigma factor sigma b plays important roles in both virulence and stress tolerance in listeria monocytogenes. it is now clear that there is a strong link between the virulence potential of listeria monocytogenes and its ability to tolerate stress. several studies have identified genes that play important roles in stress tolerance and virulence. for example, genes involved in osmotic stress tolerance, acid and alkaline tolerance, oxidative stress tolerance, extreme temperature tole ... | 2009 | 20069872 |
| [a multi-pathogen selective enrichment broth for simultaneous growth of salmonella enteritidis, staphylococcus aureus, and listeria monocytogenes]. | a selective enrichment broth (ssl) was formulated to allow simultaneous growth of salmonella enteritidis, staphylococcus aureus, and listeria monocytogens. | 2009 | 20069888 |
| a new antibacterial and antioxidant s07-2 compound produced by bacillus subtilis b38. | an antibacterial compound, s07-2, was purified to homogeneity by hydrophobic interaction, anion exchange, c18 reverse-phase and hs peg hplc. the molecular mass of s07-2 was 905.6 da as determined by ms. the s07-2 compound was resistant to high temperatures (up to 100 degrees c) and could withstand a wide range of ph from 3 to 10. in addition, its antibacterial activity was preserved after treatment with proteases. biochemical characterization revealed its cyclic peptide structure. this compound ... | 2010 | 20070372 |
| the retention of bacteria on hygienic surfaces presenting scratches of microbial dimensions. | to produce surfaces of defined linear topographical features which reflect those found on worn and new stainless steel, to monitor the effect of feature dimensions on the retention of listeria monocytogenes and staphylococcus sciuri. | 2010 | 20070506 |
| the lectin-like domain of tnf protects from listeriolysin-induced hyperpermeability in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells - a crucial role for protein kinase c-alpha inhibition. | listeriosis can lead to potentially lethal pulmonary complications in newborns and immune compromised patients, characterized by extensive permeability edema. listeriolysin (llo), the main virulence factor of listeria monocytogenes, induces a dose-dependent hyperpermeability in monolayers of human lung microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. the permeability increasing activity of llo, which is accompanied by an increased reactive oxygen species (ros) generation, rhoa activation and myosin lig ... | 2010 | 20074664 |
| applicability of biological time temperature integrators as quality and safety indicators for meat products. | the objective of this study was to evaluate (eo), a biological time temperature integrator (tti) as a quality and safety indicator for ground beef packed under modified atmosphere and spiced cooked chicken slices packed under modified atmosphere. storage trials and challenge tests were thus performed on several batches of the studied food to monitor and model the behavior of listeria monocytogenes, salmonella, staphylococcus aureus and the indigenous food flora. then, two different prototypes of ... | 2010 | 20074826 |
| nisin affects the growth of listeria monocytogenes on ready-to-eat turkey ham stored at four degrees celsius for sixty-three days. | the objectives of this study were to determine ph, anti-listeria and general antimicrobial properties of nisin on ready-to-eat vacuum-packaged diced turkey ham inoculated with listeria monocytogenes, and the usage level that would exert maximum antimicrobial effect during 63 d of storage. ready-to-eat diced turkey ham was inoculated with a 5-strain l. monocytogenes cocktail; treated with 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5% nisin treatment solutions; vacuum-packaged; stored at 4+/-1 degrees c for 63 d; and a ... | 2010 | 20075290 |
| an analysis of the factors for microbial contamination risk for pork at slaughterhouses in korea using the logit model. | to assess the effect of slaughtering practices on the probability of microbial contamination at slaughterhouses in korea, 840 samples from 8 slaughterhouses were collected and 50 factors observed for 2 yr. target microorganisms were salmonella spp. and listeria monocytogenes and 20 contaminated samples were found. twenty-one out of 50 factors were identified as possible sources of microbial contamination. to narrow down the more critical factors and quantify the effects, simple regression analys ... | 2009 | 20077220 |
| cutaneous listeria infection. | this case introduces an unusual cutaneous manifestation of a potentially life-threatening infection. the circumstances of the inoculation are key to explaining both the cutaneous signs and how an individual who does not belong to what would be considered a conventional 'at risk' group developed systemic infection. however, cutaneous infection with listeria monocytogenes could be considered an occupational hazard for those working with livestock. | 2009 | 20081597 |
| isolation, structure elucidation and biological activity of angucycline antibiotics from an epiphytic yew streptomycete. | in the course of study of epiphytic microorganisms occurring on the surface of roots of taxus baccata l. a new strain streptomyces sp. ac113 was isolated. according to 16s ribosomal dna-based identification the new strain is 99% identical with streptomyces flavidofuscus. this strain cultivated in an arginine glycerol medium produced three major metabolites identified as (-)-8-o -methyltetrangomycin (1), 8-o -methyltetrangulol (2) and 8-o -methyl-7-deoxo-7-hydroxytetrangomycin (3). the chemical s ... | 2010 | 20082376 |
| antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil of artemisia echegarayi hieron. (asteraceae). | artemisia echegarayi hieron. (asteraceae) is commonly known in argentina as "ajenjo". many studies report high efficacy of essential oils against food-borne pathogenic bacteria. the antimicrobial activity and minimal inhibitory concentration of a. echegarayi essential oil were evaluated against seven bacterial species of significant importance in food hygiene, by using the disc diffusion assay and the micro-well dilution method, respectively. volatile components of the extract were analyzed by g ... | 2009 | 20085186 |
| shelf life extension of ricotta cheese using coatings of galactomannans from nonconventional sources incorporating nisin against listeria monocytogenes. | shelf life extension of ricotta cheese was evaluated at 4 degrees c upon the use of edible coatings made of galactomannans from gleditsia triacanthos incorporating nisin against listeria monocytogenes. three different treatments were tested in cheese: samples without coating; samples with coating without nisin; and samples with coating containing 50 iu x g(-1) of nisin. to test the effectiveness of the treatments against l. monocytogenes, the surface of the cheese was inoculated with a suspensio ... | 2010 | 20085273 |
| sugar fatty acid esters inhibit biofilm formation by food-borne pathogenic bacteria. | effects of food additives on biofilm formation by food-borne pathogenic bacteria were investigated. thirty-three potential food additives and 3 related compounds were added to the culture medium at concentrations from 0.001 to 0.1% (w/w), followed by inoculation and cultivation of five biofilm-forming bacterial strains for the evaluation of biofilm formation. among the tested food additives, 21 showed inhibitory effects of biofilm formation by staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli, and in p ... | 2010 | 20089325 |
| extracellular and intracellular pathogen recognition by drosophila pgrp-le and pgrp-lc. | despite lacking the adaptive immunity that is found in higher vertebrates, insects are able to defend themselves from a large battery of pathogens by multiple innate immune responses using molecular mechanisms that are strikingly similar to the innate immune responses of other multicellular organisms, including humans. the fruit fly drosophila melanogaster is therefore an excellent model organism for studying the basic principles of innate immunity using genetic and molecular biology techniques. ... | 2010 | 20089584 |
| single chain variable fragment antibodies selected by phage display against the sporozoite surface antigen s16 of cryptosporidium parvum. | two human single chain variable fragment (scfv) libraries were used to select clones that bound to the surface glycoprotein s16 of cryptosporidium parvum. panning of the tomlinson libraries i and j resulted in the isolation of nine distinct clones. of the four clones which had full-length scfv, three contained stop codons. the remaining five clones were truncated, with four missing the heavy chain, and one missing most of the light chain. the full-length clones exhibited better binding to native ... | 2010 | 20093113 |
| co-infection of market-age turkeys with escherichia coli and listeria monocytogenes in two stress models. | we have hypothesized that stress-induced subclinical infection of turkeys with listeria monocytogenes may be an overlooked source of processing plant contamination, and we have shown that concurrent escherichia coli challenge can increase l. monocytogenes colonization. the objective of this study was to determine the effects of dexamethasone (dex) immunosuppressive treatment and transport stress on the isolation of l. monocytogenes in an e. coli-l. monocytogenes challenge model. thirteen-week-ol ... | 2009 | 20095148 |
| the application of food safety interventions in primary production of beef and lamb: a review. | the production of safe red meat depends on effective control of pathogenic microorganisms at all stages of the "farm-to-fork" chain. eight microorganisms have been selected as the focus of the pathogencombat project: shiga toxin producing escherichia coli (stec), mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map), listeria monocytogenes, campylobacter jejuni, penicillium nordicum, invasive variants of saccharomyces cerevisiae, hepatitis e virus and tick borne encephalitis virus. the need and ... | 2010 | 20097438 |
| dependence of continuous-flow biofilm formation by listeria monocytogenes egd-e on sos response factor ynea. | listeria monocytogenes was previously shown to form biofilms composed of a network of knitted chains under continuous-flow conditions. here we show that the sos response is activated under these conditions and that deletion of its regulon member ynea results in diminished biofilm formation under continuous-flow conditions. | 2010 | 20097825 |
| pyruvate carboxylase plays a crucial role in carbon metabolism of extra- and intracellularly replicating listeria monocytogenes. | the human pathogen l. monocytogenes is a facultatively intracellular bacterium that survives and replicates in the cytosol of many mammalian cells. the listerial metabolism, especially under intracellular conditions, is still poorly understood. recent studies analyzed the carbon metabolism of l. monocytogenes by the (13)c isotopologue perturbation method in a defined minimal medium containing [u-(13)c(6)]glucose. it was shown that these bacteria produce oxaloacetate mainly by carboxylation of py ... | 2010 | 20097852 |
| differential effector pathways regulate memory cd8 t cell immunity against plasmodium berghei versus p. yoelii sporozoites. | malaria results in >1,000,000 deaths per year worldwide. although no licensed vaccine exists, much effort is currently focused on subunit vaccines that elicit cd8 t cell responses directed against plasmodium parasite liver stage ags. multiple immune-effector molecules play a role in antimicrobial immunity mediated by memory cd8 t cells, including ifn-gamma, perforin, trail, fas ligand, and tnf-alpha. however, it is not known which pathways are required for memory cd8 t cell-mediated immunity aga ... | 2010 | 20097864 |
| characterization of listeria monocytogenes isolates of food and human origins from brazil using molecular typing procedures and in vitro cell culture assays. | the spreading of diseases through foods is a worldwide concern. here, molecular and in vitro cell-culture assays were employed to characterize 63 brazilian listeria monocytogenes isolates (food, 47; clinical, 16). serotype 4b was the most predominant (49%) followed by (1/2)b (30%), (1/2)a (10%), (1/2)c (6%), 3c (3%) and 3b (2%). ribotyping yielded 17 ribopatterns, which were grouped into four phylogenetic clusters. cluster a comprised of 39/63 isolates primarily of food origin, and clusters b, c ... | 2010 | 20104385 |
| a novel listeria monocytogenes-based dna delivery system for cancer gene therapy. | bacteria-mediated transfer of plasmid dna to mammalian cells (bactofection) has been shown to have significant potential as an approach to express heterologous proteins in various cell types. this is achieved through entry of the entire bacterium into cells, followed by release of plasmid dna. in a murine model, we show that listeria monocytogenes can invade and spread in tumors, and establish the use of listeria to deliver genes to tumors in vivo. a novel approach to vector lysis and release of ... | 2010 | 20105075 |
| placental syncytiotrophoblast constitutes a major barrier to vertical transmission of listeria monocytogenes. | listeria monocytogenes is an important cause of maternal-fetal infections and serves as a model organism to study these important but poorly understood events. l. monocytogenes can infect non-phagocytic cells by two means: direct invasion and cell-to-cell spread. the relative contribution of each method to placental infection is controversial, as is the anatomical site of invasion. here, we report for the first time the use of first trimester placental organ cultures to quantitatively analyze l. ... | 2010 | 20107601 |
| listeria monocytogenes virulence factor listeriolysin o favors bacterial growth in co-culture with the ciliate tetrahymena pyriformis, causes protozoan encystment and promotes bacterial survival inside cysts. | the gram-positive pathogenic bacterium listeria monocytogenes is widely spread in the nature. l. monocytogenes was reported to be isolated from soil, water, sewage and sludge. listeriolysin o (llo) is a l. monocytogenes major virulence factor. in the course of infection in mammals, llo is required for intracellular survival and apoptosis induction in lymphocytes. in this study, we explored the potential of llo to promote interactions between l. monocytogenes and the ubiquitous inhabitant of natu ... | 2010 | 20109168 |
| antibiotic treatment for bacterial meningitis caused by listeria monocytogenes in a patient with multiple myeloma. | multiple myeloma is a hematolymphoid malignancy, and patients with this disorder are frequently complicated by infection. an 80-year-old woman with multiple myeloma was complicated by bacterial meningitis, and was admitted to our hospital in august 2007. she initially received ceftriaxone, but culture of cerebrospinal fluid detected listeria monocytogenes. ampicillin was administered, but headache and pyrexia persisted for 2 weeks, and on cerebrospinal fluid examination, the proliferation of pol ... | 2010 | 20112040 |
| a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction for simultaneous detection of salmonella spp., escherichia coli o157, and listeria monocytogenes in meat products. | to achieve an effective detection of salmonella spp., escherichia coli o157, and listeria monocytogenes in meat products, a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) coupled with a multipathogen enrichment strategy was developed in this study. pathogen-specific dna sequences in the inva, rfbe, and hlya genes were employed to design primers and taqman probes for identifying salmonella spp., e. coli o157, and l. monocytogenes, respectively. an internal amplification control (iac) utilizi ... | 2010 | 20113204 |
| efficacy of ultraviolet light exposure against survival of listeria monocytogenes on conveyor belts. | listeria monocytogenes has been repeatedly isolated from foods and food-processing facilities including food contact surfaces such as conveyor belts (cb). cbs are often difficult to clean and require rigorous sanitation programs for decontamination. ultraviolet (uv) light has exhibited microbicidal properties on food contact surfaces and this study was conducted to determine the efficacy of uv against l. monocytogenes on cb made of different materials. a four-strain cocktail of l. monocytogenes ... | 2010 | 20113207 |
| quantitative microbiological risk assessment as a tool to obtain useful information for risk managers--specific application to listeria monocytogenes and ready-to-eat meat products. | the presence of listeria monocytogenes in a sliced cooked, cured ham-like meat product was quantitatively assessed. sliced cooked, cured meat products are considered as high risk products. these ready-to-eat, rte, products (no special preparation, e.g. thermal treatment, before eating is required), support growth of pathogens (high initial ph=6.2-6.4 and water activity=0.98-0.99) and has a relatively long period of storage at chilled temperatures with a shelf life equal to 60 days based on manuf ... | 2010 | 20116877 |
| control of alpha4beta7 integrin expression and cd4 t cell homing by the beta1 integrin subunit. | the alpha4beta7 integrin promotes homing of t cells to intestinal sites. the alpha4 integrin subunit that pairs with beta7 integrin can also pair with beta1 integrin. in this paper, we show that the preferential pairing of beta1 integrin with alpha4 integrin regulates the expression of alpha4beta7 on t cells. in the absence of beta1 integrin, naive mouse cd4 t cells have increased alpha4beta7 expression, resulting in increased adhesion to mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 and enhanced h ... | 2010 | 20118278 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of phx-3 against helicobacter pylori. | phx-3, one of the phenoxazine derivatives, is reported to have inhibitory effect on mycobacterium species and chlamydia pneumoniae but not escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes. the bactericidal activities of phx-3 against helicobacter pylori strains have not been assessed. then, we measured minimum inhibitory concentration of phx-3 for helicobacter strains and assessed the morphological and biochemical effects of phx-3 on ... | 2010 | 20118538 |
| trpv2 has a pivotal role in macrophage particle binding and phagocytosis. | macrophage phagocytosis is critical for defense against pathogens. whereas many steps of phagocytosis involve ionic flux, the underlying ion channels remain ill defined. here we show that zymosan-, immunoglobulin g (igg)- and complement-mediated particle binding and phagocytosis were impaired in macrophages lacking the cation channel trpv2. trpv2 was recruited to the nascent phagosome and depolarized the plasma membrane. depolarization increased the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosp ... | 2010 | 20118928 |
| induction of ifn-alphabeta enables listeria monocytogenes to suppress macrophage activation by ifn-gamma. | production of type i interferon (ifn; ifn-alphabeta) increases host susceptibility to listeria monocytogenes, whereas type ii ifn (ifn-gamma) activates macrophages to resist infection. we show that these opposing immunological effects of ifn-alphabeta and ifn-gamma occur because of cross talk between the respective signaling pathways. we found that cultured macrophages infected with l. monocytogenes were refractory to ifn-gamma treatment as a result of down-regulation of the ifn-gamma receptor ( ... | 2010 | 20123961 |
| detection of listeria monocytogenes in raw and pasteurized liquid whole eggs and characterization by pfge. | listeria monocytogenes has been recognized as a human pathogen for decades and is known to be an important foodborne pathogen. there have been no documented foodborne l. monocytogenes illnesses due to the consumption of eggs or egg products, even though the bacterium has been isolated from faeces, body fluid, and oviducts of asymptomatic laying hens. in order to describe l. monocytogenes contamination of egg products, 144 liquid whole egg samples were collected from 3 different egg-breaking plan ... | 2010 | 20129686 |
| kinetic modeling of the thermal inactivation of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance p34. | optimization of thermal processes relies on adequate degradation kinetic models to warrant food safety and quality. the knowledge on thermal inactivation kinetics of antimicrobial peptides is necessary to allow for their adequate use as natural biopreservatives in the food industry. in this work, thermal inactivation of the previously characterized bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance (blis) p34 was kinetically investigated within the temperature range of 90-120 degrees c. listeria monocytogene ... | 2010 | 20131794 |
| multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for simultaneous detection and quantification of salmonella species, listeria monocytogenes, and escherichia coli o157:h7 in ground pork samples. | salmonella sp., listeria monocytogenes, and escherichia coli o157:h7 are foodborne pathogens capable of causing serious gastrointestinal illness. we previously described simultaneous detection of these pathogens by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in 44 types of spiked food samples, including meat, produce, fish, and dairy products, targeting genes specific for each pathogen. based on the previous work, a multiplex real-time pcr assay using fluorescent probes was developed to detect and ... | 2010 | 20132032 |
| antilisterial effects of gravinol-s grape seed extract at low levels in aqueous media and its potential application as a produce wash. | grape seed extract (gse) is a rich source of proanthocyanidins, a class of natural antioxidants reported to have wide-ranging bioactivity as anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, and antimicrobial agents. the ability of gse to rapidly inactivate listeria monocytogenes in vitro and the generally recognized as safe status of gse make this extract an attractive candidate for control of listeria in or on foods. previously, gse has been used at relatively high concentrations (1%) in complex food matri ... | 2010 | 20132671 |
| quantitative microbial risk assessment for escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella, and listeria monocytogenes in leafy green vegetables consumed at salad bars. | fresh vegetables are increasingly recognized as a source of foodborne outbreaks in many parts of the world. the purpose of this study was to conduct a quantitative microbial risk assessment for escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella, and listeria monocytogenes infection from consumption of leafy green vegetables in salad from salad bars in the netherlands. pathogen growth was modeled in aladin (agro logistics analysis and design instrument) using time-temperature profiles in the chilled supply cha ... | 2010 | 20132672 |
| colonization of a newly constructed commercial chicken further processing plant with listeria monocytogenes. | this study was undertaken to determine potential sources of listeria monocytogenes in a newly constructed chicken further processing plant and document the eventual colonization of the facility by this pathogen. to ascertain the colonization status of the plant, floor drains were sampled after a production shift and again after a cleanup shift on roughly a monthly basis for 21 months. potential sources of l. monocytogenes to the plant included incoming raw meat, incoming fresh air, and personnel ... | 2010 | 20132673 |
| estimating parametric distributions of storage time and temperature of ready-to-eat foods for u.s. households. | home refrigeration temperatures and product storage times are important factors for controlling the growth of listeria monocytogenes in refrigerated ready-to-eat foods. in 2005, rti international, in collaboration with tennessee state university and kansas state university, conducted a national survey of u.s. adults to characterize consumers' home storage and refrigeration practices for 10 different categories of refrigerated ready-to-eat foods. no distributions of storage time or refrigeration ... | 2010 | 20132677 |
| prevalence of listeria, aeromonas, and vibrio species in fish used for human consumption in turkey. | a total of 78 raw retail fish samples from 30 freshwater and 48 marine fish were examined for the presence of listeria, aeromonas, and vibrio species. the overall incidence of listeria spp. was 30% in freshwater samples and 10.4% in marine fish samples. listeria monocytogenes (44.5%) was the most commonly isolated species in freshwater fish, and listeria murrayi (83.5%) was the most commonly isolated species in marine fish samples. motile aeromonads were more common in marine fish samples (93.7% ... | 2010 | 20132688 |
| unusual presentation of tuberculosis in an infliximab-treated patient--which is the correct tb screening before starting a biologic? | infliximab is an anti-tnfalpha chimeric monoclonal antibody, commonly used in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis. tnfalpha is a pro-inflammatory cytokine which play a key role in host defense from infections by intracellular bacteria, such as listeria monocytogenes, histoplasma capsulatum and especially mycobacterium tuberculosis. infliximab therapy increases the risk of tuberculosis due mainly to the reactivation of latent tb infection (ltbi) and, therefore, it is mandatory to screen ... | 2010 | 20136915 |
| [risk assessment of listeria monocytogenes in deli meats and vegetable salads]. | to analysis risk from listeria monocytogenes in deli meats and vegetable salads. | 2009 | 20137560 |
| antimicrobial activities of tapioca starch/decolorized hsian-tsao leaf gum coatings containing green tea extracts in fruit-based salads, romaine hearts and pork slices. | the antimicrobial activities of edible coatings based on a tapioca starch/decolorized hsian-tsao leaf gum (dhg) matrix with various green tea extracts (gtes) were evaluated. its effect on the shelf-life extension of fruit-based salads, romaine hearts, and pork slices were investigated as well. three types of gtes from hot water (80 degrees c) (w), 40% (e4) and 80% (e8) ethanol were prepared. it was found that all gtes showed pronounced inhibition on gram positive bacteria in agar media, includin ... | 2010 | 20138382 |
| probabilistic model for listeria monocytogenes growth during distribution, retail storage, and domestic storage of pasteurized milk. | a survey on the time-temperature conditions of pasteurized milk in greece during transportation to retail, retail storage, and domestic storage and handling was performed. the data derived from the survey were described with appropriate probability distributions and introduced into a growth model of listeria monocytogenes in pasteurized milk which was appropriately modified for taking into account strain variability. based on the above components, a probabilistic model was applied to evaluate th ... | 2010 | 20139308 |
| population diversity of listeria monocytogenes lo28: phenotypic and genotypic characterization of variants resistant to high hydrostatic pressure. | a comparative phenotype analysis of 24 listeria monocytogenes lo28 stress-resistant variants obtained after high-pressure treatment was performed to assess their robustness and growth performance under a range of food-relevant conditions. in addition, genetic analysis was conducted to characterize the promoter regions and open reading frames of the class i and iii transcriptional repressors ctsr and hrca, which control production of specific sets of stress proteins. analysis of stress survival c ... | 2010 | 20139309 |
| role of extracellular dna during biofilm formation by listeria monocytogenes. | listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen that is capable of living in harsh environments. it is believed to do this by forming biofilms, which are surface-associated multicellular structures encased in a self-produced matrix. in this paper we show that in l. monocytogenes extracellular dna (edna) may be the only central component of the biofilm matrix and that it is necessary for both initial attachment and early biofilm formation for 41 l. monocytogenes strains that were tested. dnase i ... | 2010 | 20139319 |
| harnessing listeria monocytogenes to target tumors. | because of its cytosolic localization, listeria monocytogenes (lm) has long been considered an attractive tool for delivering tumor-associated antigens (taa) antigens in vivo to combat cancer. lm directly infects antigen-presenting cells (apc) such as monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (dc), thereby delivering the taa into their cytoplasm, resulting in processing and presentation of the antigen to the immune system. this activates adaptive and innate immune responses to the taa, mediatin ... | 2010 | 20139702 |
| a random effect multiplicative heteroscedastic model for bacterial growth. | predictive microbiology develops mathematical models that can predict the growth rate of a microorganism population under a set of environmental conditions. many primary growth models have been proposed. however, when primary models are applied to bacterial growth curves, the biological variability is reduced to a single curve defined by some kinetic parameters (lag time and growth rate), and sometimes the models give poor fits in some regions of the curve. the development of a prediction band ( ... | 2010 | 20141635 |
| the microbiological safety of ready-to-eat specialty meats from markets and specialty food shops: a uk wide study with a focus on salmonella and listeria monocytogenes. | from 2359 specialty meats (continental sausages, cured/fermented, dried meats) sampled from markets and specialty food shops, 98.9% of samples were of satisfactory or acceptable microbiological quality. however, 16 (0.7%) were unsatisfactory as a result of escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus or listeria spp. contamination (>or=10(2) cfu/g), and nine (0.4%) were unacceptable due to presence of salmonella spp. or listeria monocytogenes (>10(2) cfu/g). meats with unacceptable levels of l. monoc ... | 2010 | 20141942 |
| the effects of temperature, chlorine and acids on the survival of listeria and salmonella strains associated with uncooked shrimp carapace and cooked shrimp flesh. | the purpose of this study was to assess the influence of the association of listeria and salmonella with shrimp surfaces on the effects of temperature, chlorine and acids on their survival. planktonic, attached and colonized cells of listeria monocytogenes scott a, l. monocytogenes v7, salmonella senftenberg 1734b and s. typhimurium atcc 14028 were challenged with high (50 degrees , 60 degrees and 70 degrees c) and low (4 degrees c) temperature, 100 ppm sodium hypochlorite solution, and acetic, ... | 2010 | 20141943 |
| effect of high pressure on the microbiological quality of cooked chicken during storage at normal and abuse refrigeration temperatures. | vacuum-packaged cooked poultry meat was treated at a range of pressures (400-600 mpa) and hold times (1, 2 and 10 min), followed by storage at 4 degrees , 8 degrees or 12 degrees c for up to 35 days. weissella viridescens was found to be the dominant microorganism in the pressure-treated meat, constituting 100% of the microflora identified at 500 and 600 mpa. none of the pressure-treated samples had obvious signs of spoilage during the 35 day storage period, even when the weissella count was >7 ... | 2010 | 20141945 |
| diversity of culturable microorganisms and occurrence of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella spp. in tuber aestivum and tuber melanosporum ascocarps. | the aim of this study was to investigate the total mesophilic microorganisms, pseudomonas genus, enterobacteriaceae family, mold and yeast counts and the presence of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella spp on tuber aestivum and tuber melanosporum ascocarps. the results confirmed that the major percentage of the microorganisms, approximately 9.0 log ufc/g, were present in the peridium, the glebas of healthy truffles being practically free of microorganisms. the predominant microbial group was t ... | 2010 | 20141948 |
| homopolymeric tracts represent a general regulatory mechanism in prokaryotes. | while, traditionally, regulation of gene expression can be grouped into transcriptional, translational, and post-translational mechanisms, some mechanisms of rapid genetic variation can also contribute to regulation of gene expression, e.g., phase variation. | 2010 | 20144225 |
| [acute bacterial meningitis in older people]. | the age distribution of acute bacterial meningitis (abm) has shifted from children to adults. at the same time, older population is increasing. the aim of this study is to characterize abm in elderly patients. | 2010 | 20144805 |
| characterization of a bacteriocin produced by lactobacillus sakei r1333 isolated from smoked salmon. | strain r1333, isolated from commercially available smoked salmon, was identified as lactobacillus sakei based on biochemical tests, sugar fermentation reactions (api 50 chl), pcr with species-specific primers and sequencing of the 16s rrna gene. strain r1333 produces a 3811 kda class iia bacteriocin, active against streptococcus caprinus, streptococcus macedonicus, streptococcus spp., l. sakei, lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, listeria innocua, listeria ivanovii subsp. ivanovii and listeria mon ... | 2011 | 20152920 |
| evaluation of the adjuvant activity of naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist, in combination with heat-killed listeria monocytogenes vaccine. | we have previously demonstrated the adjuvant activity of naloxone (nlx), a general opioid antagonist, using a dna vaccine for herpes simplex virus type 1. here, the adjuvant activity of nlx has been evaluated using a heat-killed listeria monocytogenes (hklm) vaccine as a model for general immunization against intracellular bacteria. balb/c mice were divided into three groups: the vac group received the hklm vaccine alone; the nlx-vac group received the hklm vaccine in combination with the adjuva ... | 2010 | 20152926 |
| food-borne diseases - the challenges of 20 years ago still persist while new ones continue to emerge. | the burden of diseases caused by food-borne pathogens remains largely unknown. importantly data indicating trends in food-borne infectious intestinal disease is limited to a few industrialised countries, and even fewer pathogens. it has been predicted that the importance of diarrhoeal disease, mainly due to contaminated food and water, as a cause of death will decline worldwide. evidence for such a downward trend is limited. this prediction presumes that improvements in the production and retail ... | 2010 | 20153070 |
| molecular evidence for the existence of lipopolysaccharide-induced tnf-alpha factor (litaf) and rel/nf-kb pathways in disk abalone (haliotis discus discus). | the lipopolysaccharide-induced tnf-alpha factor (litaf) and rel family nuclear factor kappab (rel/nf-kb) are two important transcription factors which play major roles in the regulating inflammatory cytokine, apoptosis and immune related genes. here, we report the discovery of disk abalone litaf (ablitaf) and rel/nf-kb (abrel/nf-kb) homologues and their immune responses. full-length cdna of ablitaf consists of 441 bp open reading frame (orf) that translates into putative peptide of 147 aa. analy ... | 2010 | 20153832 |
| de novo sequencing of two new cyclic theta-defensins from baboon (papio hamadryas) leukocytes by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. | two cyclic theta-defensin peptides were isolated from leukocytes of the hamadryas baboon, papio hamadryas, and purified to homogeneity by gel electrophoresis and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. both peptides had high in vitro activity against escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and candida albicans. here, we report their de novo sequencing by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spec ... | 2010 | 20155756 |