| novel plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene mcr-3 in escherichia coli. | the mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-1 has attracted global attention, as it heralds the breach of polymyxins, one of the last-resort antibiotics for the treatment of severe clinical infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. to date, six slightly different variants of mcr-1, and a second mobile colistin resistance gene, mcr-2, have been reported or annotated in the genbank database. here, we characterized a third mobile colistin resistance gene, mcr-3 the gene coexisted ... | 2017 | 28655818 |
| antagonistic properties of some halophilic thermoactinomycetes isolated from superficial sediment of a solar saltern and production of cyclic antimicrobial peptides by the novel isolate paludifilum halophilum. | this study has focused on the isolation of twenty-three halophilic actinomycetes from two ponds of different salinity and the evaluation of their ability to exert an antimicrobial activity against both their competitors and several other pathogens. from the 23 isolates, 18 strains showed antagonistic activity, while 19 showed activities against one or more of the seven pathogen strains tested. six strains exhibited consistent antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive pathoge ... | 2017 | 28819625 |
| application of long amplicon propidium monoazide-pcr to assess the effects of temperature and background microbiota on pathogens in river water. | the decay rates of enteric waterborne pathogens were evaluated following the introduction of yersinia enterocolitica, salmonella enterica, campylobacter jejuni and arcobacter butzleri into river water at different temperatures (5, 15 and 25°c) for a period of 28 days. to improve the accuracy of the results a molecular viability assay, long amplicon propidium monoazide-polymerase chain reaction (pma-pcr), was used to quantify the viable cell concentration and results from pcr with and without pma ... | 2017 | 28598346 |
| antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of brunfelsia uniflora flower oleoresin extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide. | brunfelsia genus is traditionally utilized in popular medicine due to its antibacterial and antifungal properties to name but a few. however, studies on the antimicrobial activity of brunfelsia uniflora flower oleoresin have not been found yet. this study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of b. uniflora flower oleoresin obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide. oleoresin from the plant dried flowers was obtained by carbon dioxide, and the chemical composition ... | 2017 | 28407186 |
| in bacillus subtilis, the sata (formerly yyar) acetyltransferase detoxifies streptothricin via lysine acetylation. | soil is a complex niche, where survival of microorganisms is at risk due to the presence of antimicrobial agents. many microbes chemically modify cytotoxic compounds to block their deleterious effects. streptothricin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by streptomycetes that affects gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria alike. here we identify the sata (for streptothricin acetyltransferase a, formerly yyar) enzyme of bacillus subtilis as the mechanism used by this soil bacterium to detoxi ... | 2017 | 28842538 |
| cyclohexene-fused 1,3-oxazines with selective antibacterial and antiparasitic action and low cytotoxic effects. | oxazine derivatives, a class of heterocyclic compounds, exhibit a variety of biological properties, such as anticonvulsant and antitumor activities. in this study, we evaluated the effect of two cyclohexene-fused 1,3-oxazines (cis‑1-benzyl-n-phenyl-1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro-3,1-benzoxazin-2-imine (1) and trans‑n-phenyl-1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro-3,1-benzoxazin-2-imine (2)) in cultures of bacillus cereus, enterococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, salmonella enterica, serratia mar ... | 2017 | 28755871 |
| detection of eight foodborne bacterial pathogens by oligonucleotide array hybridization. | simultaneous and rapid detection of multiple foodborne bacterial pathogens is important for the prevention of foodborne illnesses. | 2017 | 28713514 |
| anti-biofilm effects of anthranilate on a broad range of bacteria. | anthranilate, one of tryptophan degradation products has been reported to interfere with biofilm formation by pseudomonas aeruginosa. here, we investigated the effects of anthranilate on biofilm formation by various bacteria and the mechanisms responsible. anthranilate commonly inhibited biofilm formation by p. aeruginosa, vibrio vulnificus, bacillus subtilis, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, and staphylococcus aureus, and disrupted biofilms preformed by these bacteria. because anthranil ... | 2017 | 28819217 |
| defensin-neurotoxin dyad in a basally-branching metazoan sea anemone. | recent studies suggest that vertebrate and invertebrate defensins have evolved from two independent ancestors, and that both defensins could share origins with animal toxins. here, we purified novel sea anemone neurotoxin (bds)-like antimicrobial peptides (amps)-crassicorin-i and its putative homolog (crassicorin-ii)-from the pharynx extract of an anthozoan sea anemone (urticina crassicornis). based on structural analyses and cdna cloning, mature crassicorin-i represents a cationic amp likely ge ... | 2017 | 28796463 |
| getting "inside" type i ifns: type i ifns in intracellular bacterial infections. | type i interferons represent a unique and complex group of cytokines, serving many purposes during innate and adaptive immunity. discovered in the context of viral infections, type i ifns are now known to have myriad effects in infectious and autoimmune disease settings. type i ifn signaling during bacterial infections is dependent on many factors including whether the infecting bacterium is intracellular or extracellular, as different signaling pathways are activated. as such, the repercussions ... | 2017 | 28529959 |
| anti-cancer drug hmba acts as an adjuvant during intracellular bacterial infections by inducing type i ifn through sting. | the anti-proliferative agent hexamethylene bisacetamide (hmba) belongs to a class of hybrid bipolar compounds developed more than 30 y ago for their ability to induce terminal differentiation of transformed cells. recently, hmba has also been shown to trigger hiv transcription from latently infected cells, via a cdk9/hmba inducible protein-1 dependent process. however, the effect of hmba on the immune response has not been explored. we observed that pretreatment of human peripheral blood mononuc ... | 2017 | 28827286 |
| the antimicrobial spectrum of xeroform(®). | xeroform(®) is a petrolatum-based fine mesh gauze containing 3% bismuth tribromophenate. bismuth, similar to other metals, has antimicrobial properties. xeroform(®) has been used for decades in burn and plastic surgery as a donor site dressing and as a covering for wounds or partial thickness burns. despite this, the antimicrobial spectrum of xeroform(®) remains largely unknown. we examined the in-vitro efficacy of xeroform(®) against common burn pathogens using zone-of-inhibition methodology in ... | 2017 | 28641915 |
| nleb/ssek effectors from citrobacter rodentium, escherichia coli, and salmonella enterica display distinct differences in host substrate specificity. | many gram-negative bacterial pathogens use a syringe-like apparatus called a type iii secretion system to inject virulence factors into host cells. some of these effectors are enzymes that modify host proteins to subvert their normal functions. nleb is a glycosyltransferase that modifies host proteins with n-acetyl-d-glucosamine to inhibit antibacterial and inflammatory host responses. nleb is conserved among the attaching/effacing pathogens enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec), enteropatho ... | 2017 | 28522607 |
| exploiting a host-commensal interaction to promote intestinal barrier function and enteric pathogen tolerance. | commensal intestinal bacteria can prevent pathogenic infection; however, limited knowledge of the mechanisms by which individual bacterial species contribute to pathogen resistance has restricted their potential for therapeutic application. here, we examined how colonization of mice with a human commensal enterococcus faecium protects against enteric infections. we show that e. faecium improves host intestinal epithelial defense programs to limit salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium pathogen ... | 2016 | 28580440 |
| gut microbiota-mediated protection against diarrheal infections. | the mammalian gut microbiota is a highly abundant and diverse microbial community that resides in the gastrointestinal tract. one major benefit that the gut microbiota provides to its host is colonization resistance-the ability to prevent colonization by foreign microbes, including diarrheal pathogens such as clostridium difficile , salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and diarrheagenic escherichia coli . | 2017 | 28520994 |
| antibacterial activity of crude extracts of some south african medicinal plants against multidrug resistant etiological agents of diarrhoea. | this study evaluated the antibacterial activity of some plants used in folklore medicine to treat diarrhoea in the eastern cape province, south africa. | 2017 | 28629407 |
| direct and inverted repeat stimulated excision (direx): simple, single-step, and scar-free mutagenesis of bacterial genes. | the need for generating precisely designed mutations is common in genetics, biochemistry, and molecular biology. here, i describe a new λ red recombineering method (direct and inverted repeat stimulated excision; direx) for fast and easy generation of single point mutations, small insertions or replacements as well as deletions of any size, in bacterial genes. the method does not leave any resistance marker or scar sequence and requires only one transformation to generate a semi-stable intermedi ... | 2017 | 28854250 |
| anti-aging activities of extracts from tunisian medicinal halophytes and their aromatic constituents. | six medicinal halophytes widely represented in north africa and commonly used in traditional medicine were screened for pharmacological properties to set out new promising sources of natural ingredients for cosmetic or nutraceutical applications. thus, citrullus colocynthis, cleome arabica, daemia cordata, haloxylon articulatum, pituranthos scoparius and scorzonera undulata were examined for their in vitro antioxidant (dpph scavenging and superoxide anion-scavenging, β-carotene bleaching inhibit ... | 2017 | 28827992 |
| comparative sequence analysis of multidrug-resistant inca/c plasmids from salmonella enterica. | determinants of multidrug resistance (mdr) are often encoded on mobile elements, such as plasmids, transposons, and integrons, which have the potential to transfer among foodborne pathogens, as well as to other virulent pathogens, increasing the threats these traits pose to human and veterinary health. our understanding of mdr among salmonella has been limited by the lack of closed plasmid genomes for comparisons across resistance phenotypes, due to difficulties in effectively separating the dna ... | 2017 | 28824587 |
| functional analysis of genes encoded by the locus of heat resistance (lhr) in escherichia coli. | the locus of heat resistance (lhr) is a 15 - 19 kb genomic island conferring exceptional heat resistance to organisms in the family enterobacteriaceae including pathogenic strains of salmonella enterica and escherichia coli the complement of lhr-encoded genes that is necessary for heat resistance and the stress- or growth-phase induced expression of lhr-encoded genes are unknown. this study determined the contribution of the 7 lhr-encoded genes yfdx1gi, yfdx2, hdedgi, orf11, trxgi, kefb, and psi ... | 2017 | 28802266 |
| novel plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mcr-4 gene in salmonella and escherichia coli, italy 2013, spain and belgium, 2015 to 2016. | a novel mcr colistin resistance gene was identified in a strain of salmonella enterica, monophasic variant of serovar typhimurium (4,5,12:i:- ), isolated from a pig at slaughter in italy in 2013, and in escherichia coli strains collected during routine diagnostic of post-weaning diarrhoea in pigs from spain and belgium in 2015 and 2016. immediate implementation of mcr-screening including this novel gene variant is required for salmonella and e. coli from humans and food-producing animals in euro ... | 2017 | 28797329 |
| construction of an inactivated typhoid vaccine candidate expressing escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin b subunit and evaluation of its immunogenicity in a murine model. | typhoid fever caused by salmonella enterica serovar typhi has contributed to the global public health burden, particularly in developing countries. in this study, an s. typhi ghost was developed and its capacity as a vaccine candidate against typhoid fever was assessed. | 2017 | 28792376 |
| rho protein: roles and mechanisms. | at the end of the multistep transcription process, the elongating rna polymerase (rnap) is dislodged from the dna template either at specific dna sequences, called the terminators, or by a nascent rna-dependent helicase, rho. in escherichia coli, about half of the transcription events are terminated by the rho protein. rho utilizes its rna-dependent atpase activities to translocate along the mrna and eventually dislodges the rnap via an unknown mechanism. the transcription elongation factor nusg ... | 2017 | 28731845 |
| serum albumin and osmolality inhibit bdellovibrio bacteriovorus predation in human serum. | we evaluated the bactericidal activity of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, strain hd100, within blood sera against bacterial strains commonly associated with bacteremic infections, including e. coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and salmonella enterica. tests show that b. bacteriovorus hd100 is not susceptible to serum complement or its bactericidal activity. after a two hour exposure to human sera, the prey populations decreased 15- to 7,300-fold due to the serum complement activity while, in contrast, the ... | 2017 | 28725056 |
| role of the inner-membrane histidine kinase rcsc and outer-membrane lipoprotein rcsf in the activation of the rcs phosphorelay signal transduction system in escherichia coli. | the rcs phosphorelay signal transduction system of escherichia coli controls genes for capsule production and many other envelope-related functions and is implicated in biofilm formation. the outer-membrane lipoprotein rcsf is an essential component of the rcs system. mislocalization of rcsf to the periplasm or the cytoplasmic membrane leads to high activation of the rcs system, suggesting that rcsf functions by interacting with the cytoplasmic membrane component(s) of the system in activating t ... | 2017 | 28691662 |
| purification and characterization of an atpase gsia from salmonella enterica. | the coding sequence of salmonella enterica gsia was cloned and expressed in e. coli. the protein was purified and atpase activity was characterized by nadh oxidation method. gsia exhibited optimum activity at 30°c and at ph 8 in tris/hcl buffer. gsia protein was stable at 20°c. 66% and 44% activity remained after incubation at 30°c and 40°c for 30 min. ph 7 and ph 9 incubation would obviously reduce the atpase activity. in vivo functionality of gsia was determined by constructing gene deletion s ... | 2017 | 28691022 |
| super-cationic carbon quantum dots synthesized from spermidine as an eye drop formulation for topical treatment of bacterial keratitis. | we have developed a one-step method to synthesize carbon quantum dots (cqdpas) from biogenic polyamines (pas) as an antibacterial agent for topical treatment of bacterial keratitis (bk). cqds synthesized by direct pyrolysis of spermidine (spd) powder through a simple dry heating treatment exhibit a solubility and yield much higher than those from putrescine and spermine. we demonstrate that cqds obtained from spds (cqdspds) possess effective antibacterial activities against non-multidrug-resista ... | 2017 | 28677399 |
| host and pathogen copper-transporting p-type atpases function antagonistically during salmonella infection. | copper is an essential yet potentially toxic trace element that is required by all aerobic organisms. a key regulator of copper homeostasis in mammalian cells is the copper-transporting p-type atpase atp7a, which mediates copper transport from the cytoplasm into the secretory pathway, as well as copper export across the plasma membrane. previous studies have shown that atp7a-dependent copper transport is required for killing phagocytosed escherichia coli in a cultured macrophage cell line. in th ... | 2017 | 28652309 |
| emergence of drug resistant bacteria at the hajj: a systematic review. | hajj is the annual mass gathering of muslims, and is a reservoir and potential source of bacterial transmission. the emergence of bacterial transmission, including multi-drug resistance (mdr) bacteria, during hajj has not been systematically assessed. | 2017 | 28652197 |
| epigallocatechin gallate inhibits the type iii secretion system of gram-negative enteropathogenic bacteria under model conditions. | epigallocatechin gallate (egcg), a major polyphenol in green tea, inhibits the type iii secretion system (t3ss) of enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (epec and ehec, respectively), salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, and yersinia pseudotuberculosis. the inhibitory effect causes the inhibition of hemolysis, cell invasion, cell adhesion and apoptosis, which are functions of the type iii secretion device. in the case of epec, espb accumulates in the cells. rt-pcr showed th ... | 2017 | 28651361 |
| gut microbiota, nitric oxide, and microglia as prerequisites for neurodegenerative disorders. | regulating fluctuating endogenous nitric oxide (no) levels is necessary for proper physiological functions. aberrant no pathways are implicated in a number of neurological disorders, including alzheimer's disease (ad) and parkinson's disease. the mechanism of no in oxidative and nitrosative stress with pathological consequences involves reactions with reactive oxygen species (e.g., superoxide) to form the highly reactive peroxynitrite, hydrogen peroxide, hypochloride ions and hydroxyl radical. n ... | 2017 | 28640632 |
| atp-synthesis capacity of pulsed light-exposed bacteria. | the ability of four different bacteria to synthesize new atp upon exposure to different doses of pulsed-light (pl) irradiation was investigated. the bacterial cells were pl treated on a gel surface, resuspended in phosphate buffered saline (pbs) and subsequently incubated in tryptic soy broth (tsb) at 37°c. cellular atp levels were monitored during a 2h incubation period and compared to the respective colony count data. although pl affected atp production in a dose dependent manner, the results ... | 2017 | 28629639 |
| anaerobic cysteine degradation and potential metabolic coordination in salmonella enterica and escherichia coli. | salmonella enterica has two cyur-activated enzymes that degrade cysteine, i.e., the aerobic cdsh and an unidentified anaerobic enzyme; escherichia coli has only the latter. to identify the anaerobic enzyme, transcript profiling was performed for e. coli without cyur and with overexpressed cyur thirty-seven genes showed at least 5-fold changes in expression, and the cyupa (formerly yhaom) operon showed the greatest difference. homology suggested that cyup and cyua represent a cysteine transporter ... | 2017 | 28607157 |
| comparison of methods for detection of plasmid-mediated and chromosomally encoded colistin resistance in enterobacteriaceae. | because of the emergence of plasmid-mediated (mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes) and chromosomally encoded colistin resistance, reliable methods for detecting colistin resistance/susceptibility in routine laboratories are required. we evaluated the respective performances of the bd phoenix automated system, the newly developed rapid polymyxin np test and the broth microdilution (bmd) reference method to detect colistin resistance in enterobacteriaceae, and particularly those producing mcr-1 and mcr-2. | 2017 | 28606644 |
| oxidation of phosphorothioate dna modifications leads to lethal genomic instability. | genomic modification by sulfur in the form of phosphorothioate (pt) is widespread among prokaryotes, including human pathogens. apart from its physiological functions, pt sulfur has redox and nucleophilic properties that suggest effects on bacterial fitness in stressful environments. here we show that pts are dynamic and labile dna modifications that cause genomic instability during oxidative stress. in experiments involving isotopic labeling coupled with mass spectrometry, we observed sulfur re ... | 2017 | 28604692 |
| bdm-mediated regulation of flagellar biogenesis in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | synthesis of the flagellar apparatus in escherichia coli is mediated via complex regulatory pathways. a previous study indicated that the protein encoded by the biofilm-dependent modulation (bdm) gene is linked closely with a regulatory pathway for flagellar assembly. however, the specific role of bdm in flagellar biogenesis remains unknown. herein, we showed that bdm interacts with flgm and inhibits its function as an anti-σ28 factor, which induces the transcription of flagellar late-class gene ... | 2017 | 28603807 |
| a functional metagenomic analysis of tetracycline resistance in cheese bacteria. | metagenomic techniques have been successfully used to monitor antibiotic resistance genes in environmental, animal and human ecosystems. however, despite the claim that the food chain plays a key role in the spread of antibiotic resistance, metagenomic analysis has scarcely been used to investigate food systems. the present work reports a functional metagenomic analysis of the prevalence and evolution of tetracycline resistance determinants in a raw-milk, blue-veined cheese during manufacturing ... | 2017 | 28596758 |
| a versatile toolbox for the control of protein levels using n(ε)-acetyl-l-lysine dependent amber suppression. | the analysis of the function of essential genes in vivo depends on the ability to experimentally modulate levels of their protein products. current methods to address this are based on transcriptional or post-transcriptional regulation of mrnas, but approaches based on the exploitation of translation regulation have so far been neglected. here we describe a toolbox, based on amber suppression in the presence of n(ε)-acetyl-l-lysine (ack), for translational tuning of protein output. we chose the ... | 2017 | 28594177 |
| the rcs-regulated colanic acid capsule maintains membrane potential in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | the rcs phosphorelay and psp (phage shock protein) systems are envelope stress responses that are highly conserved in gammaproteobacteria. the rcs regulon was found to be strongly induced during metal deprivation of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lacking the psp response. nineteen genes activated by the rcsa-rcsb response regulator make up an operon responsible for the production of colanic acid capsular polysaccharide, which promotes biofilm development. despite more than half a centur ... | 2017 | 28588134 |
| the ubik protein is an accessory factor necessary for bacterial ubiquinone (uq) biosynthesis and forms a complex with the uq biogenesis factor ubij. | ubiquinone (uq), also referred to as coenzyme q, is a widespread lipophilic molecule in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes in which it primarily acts as an electron carrier. eleven proteins are known to participate in uq biosynthesis in escherichia coli, and we recently demonstrated that uq biosynthesis requires additional, nonenzymatic factors, some of which are still unknown. here, we report on the identification of a bacterial gene, yqic, which is required for efficient uq biosynthesis, and whic ... | 2017 | 28559279 |
| phage applications for improving food safety and infection control in egypt. | the study investigated the use of bacteriophages to control bacterial contamination of chicken skin, eggs, tomatoes and meat. | 2017 | 28557189 |
| inhibitor-assisted high-pressure inactivation of bacteria in skim milk. | the combined inactivation effects of high hydrostatic pressure (hhp) and antimicrobial compounds (potassium sorbate and ε-polylysine [ε-pl]) on 4 different bacterial strains present in skim milk and the effect of these treatments on milk quality were investigated in this study. hhp treatment at 500 mpa for 5 min reduced the populations of escherichia coli, salmonella enterica typhimurium, listeria monocytogenes, and staphylococcus aureus from 6.5 log colony-forming units (cfus) or higher to less ... | 2017 | 28556370 |
| label-free biosensing of salmonella enterica serovars at single-cell level. | the emerging nanotechnologies have greatly facilitated the development of label-free biosensors. the atomic force microscopy (afm) has been used to study the molecular mechanism of the reactions for protein and aptamers. the surface plasmon resonance (spr) have been used in fast detections of various pathogens such as bacteria. this study used both afm and spr to investigate the complex reactions between aptamers and outer membrane proteins (omps) on the surface of s. typhimurium. | 2017 | 28514955 |
| anco3, a new member of the emerging family of phage-like plasmids. | a phage-like plasmid isolated from a clinical isolate of salmonella enterica serovar derby has strong nucleotide sequence identity to the phage-like plasmids pstm_phi isolated from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium l495, anco1 and anco2 from escherichia coli 243 and escherichia coli 244, and the virulent salmonella-specific ssu5 bacteriophage. | 2017 | 28495760 |
| identification of the potentiating mutations and synergistic epistasis that enabled the evolution of inter-species cooperation. | microbes often engage in cooperation through releasing biosynthetic compounds required by other species to grow. given that production of costly biosynthetic metabolites is generally subjected to multiple layers of negative feedback, single mutations may frequently be insufficient to generate cooperative phenotypes. synergistic epistatic interactions between multiple coordinated changes may thus often underlie the evolution of cooperation through overproduction of metabolites. to test the import ... | 2017 | 28493869 |
| attachment and biofilm formation by selected strains of salmonella enterica and entrohemorrhagic escherichia coli of fresh produce origin. | this study compared the abilities of selected salmonella enterica and enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) strains of fresh produce origin to form biofilms on polystyrene surface and to attach to alfalfa and bean sprouts. each of the 7 s. enterica and 4 ehec inocula (2 ml; 10(7) cfu/ml) was placed in 6 different broths in 24-well polystyrene tissue culture plates at 28 °c for 1 to 7 d. developed biofilms were quantified using the crystal violet binding assay. in a separate experiment, alfal ... | 2017 | 28493317 |
| the c-terminus of ribosomal protein us4 contributes to small ribosomal subunit biogenesis and the fidelity of translation. | ribosomal protein us4 is an essential ribosomal component involved in multiple functions, including mrna decoding. structural analyses indicate that during decoding, the interface between the c-terminus of us4 and protein us5 is disrupted and in agreement with this, c-terminal us4 truncation mutants are readily isolated on the basis of their increased miscoding phenotypes. the same mutants can also display defects in small subunit assembly and 16s rrna processing and some are temperature sensiti ... | 2017 | 28483689 |
| the response to 2-aminoacrylate differs in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica, despite shared metabolic components. | the metabolic network of an organism includes the sum total of the biochemical reactions present. in microbes, this network has an impeccable ability to sense and respond to perturbations caused by internal or external stimuli. the metabolic potential (i.e., network structure) of an organism is often drawn from the genome sequence, based on the presence of enzymes deemed to indicate specific pathways. escherichia coli and salmonella enterica are members of the enterobacteriaceae family of gram-n ... | 2017 | 28461448 |
| prevalence and pathogen load of campylobacter spp., salmonella enterica and escherichia coli o157/o145 serogroup in sheep faeces collected at sale yards and in abattoir effluent in western australia. | develop a multiplex quantitative pcr assay to investigate the prevalence and shedding of escherichia coli o157/o145, salmonella spp. and campylobacter spp. in sheep at sale yards and abattoirs. | 2017 | 28444752 |
| the legacy of genetic analysis advances contemporary research with escherichia coli k-12 and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2. | escherichia coli k-12 and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2 became standard organisms for genetic analysis during the truman administration. half a century later, genetic analysis with these strains had become an art form, interpreted through 23 articles in the ambitious two-volume masterpiece edited by the late fred neidhardt and colleagues. these legacy articles now are available through ecosal plus, so as to inform and inspire contemporary genetic analyses in these standard organism ... | 2017 | 28443537 |
| transport and attenuation of salmonella enterica, fecal indicator bacteria and a poultry litter marker gene are correlated in soil columns. | millions of tons of fecal-contaminated poultry litter are applied to u.s. agricultural fields annually. precipitation and irrigation facilitate transport of fecal-derived pathogens and fecal indicator bacteria (fib) to groundwater. the goal of this study was to compare transport of pathogens, fib, and a microbial source tracking marker gene for poultry litter (la35) in a simulated soil-to-groundwater system. nine laboratory soil columns containing four different soil types were used to evaluate ... | 2017 | 28441599 |
| genomic analysis of factors associated with low prevalence of antibiotic resistance in extraintestinal pathogenic escherichia coli sequence type 95 strains. | extraintestinal pathogenic escherichia coli (expec) strains belonging to multilocus sequence type 95 (st95) are globally distributed and a common cause of infections in humans and domestic fowl. st95 isolates generally show a lower prevalence of acquired antimicrobial resistance than other pandemic expec lineages. we took a genomic approach to identify factors that may underlie reduced resistance. we fully assembled genomes for four st95 isolates representing the four major fimh-based lineages w ... | 2017 | 28405633 |
| convergence of dna methylation and phosphorothioation epigenetics in bacterial genomes. | explosive growth in the study of microbial epigenetics has revealed a diversity of chemical structures and biological functions of dna modifications in restriction-modification (r-m) and basic genetic processes. here, we describe the discovery of shared consensus sequences for two seemingly unrelated dna modification systems, (6m)a methylation and phosphorothioation (pt), in which sulfur replaces a nonbridging oxygen in the dna backbone. mass spectrometric analysis of dna from escherichia coli b ... | 2017 | 28400512 |
| natural product discovery from the human microbiome. | human-associated microorganisms have the potential to biosynthesize numerous secondary metabolites that may mediate important host-microbe and microbe-microbe interactions. however, there is currently a limited understanding of microbiome-derived natural products. a variety of complementary discovery approaches have begun to illuminate this microbial "dark matter," which will in turn allow detailed mechanistic studies of the effects of these molecules on microbiome and host. herein, we review re ... | 2017 | 28389564 |
| a third family of allelic hsd genes in salmonella enterica: sequence comparisons with related proteins identify conserved regions implicated in restriction of dna. | salmonella enterica serovar blegdam has a restriction and modification system encoded by genes linked to serb. we have cloned these genes, putative alleles of the hsd locus of escherichia coli k-12, and confirmed by the sequence similarities of flanking dna that the hsd genes of s. enterica serovar blegdam have the same chromosomal location as those of e. coli k-12 and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2. there is, however, no obvious similarity in their nucleotide sequences, and while t ... | 1996 | 28777503 |
| optimization of inactivated h5n9 highly pathogenic avian influenza vaccine and inactivated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine with antigen dose and prime-boost regimen in domestic ducks. | owing to the increase in the number of diseases affecting ducks and the demand for food safety by consumers, vaccination has become one of the factors that influence duck meat productivity. the highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) virus is one of the most prevalent and causes one of the most lethal diseases in domestic ducks, and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is a food-borne pathogen persistent in the domestic duck population. to better understand the optimal usage of hpai and s. e ... | 2017 | 28633491 |
| flagellin fljb as an adjuvant to the recombinant adenovirus rabies glycoprotein vaccine increases immune responses against rabies in mice. | rabies virus (rabv) causes an acute progressive viral encephalitis. although currently licensed vaccines have an excellent safety and efficacy record, the development of a safer and more cost-effective vaccine is still being sought. an e1-deleted, replication-defective human adenovirus type 5 (had5) vector expressing rabv glycoprotein (had5-g) is thought to be a promising candidate vaccine for immune prophylaxis against rabies. salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) flagellin i ... | 2017 | 28550434 |
| immune response against salmonella enteritidis is unsettled by hiv infection. | the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is responsible for more than 2 million new infections per year and opportunistic infections such as salmonella spp. gastroenteritis is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in developing countries. monocytes and macrophages play a critical role in the innate immune response against bacterial infections. however during hiv infection the virus can infect these cells and although they are more resistant to the cytopathic effects, they represent an impo ... | 2017 | 28447329 |
| in vitro assessment of pediococcus acidilactici kp10 for its potential use in the food industry. | selection of a microbial strain for the incorporation into food products requires in vitro and in vivo evaluations. a bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacterium (lab), pediococcus acidilactici kp10, isolated from a traditional dried curd was assessed in vitro for its beneficial properties as a potential probiotic and starter culture. the inhibitory spectra of the bacterial strain against different gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, its cell surface hydrophobicity and resistance to phenol ... | 2017 | 28535747 |
| stand-alone eal domain proteins form a distinct subclass of eal proteins involved in regulation of cell motility and biofilm formation in enterobacteria. | the second messenger cyclic dimeric gmp (c-di-gmp) is almost ubiquitous among bacteria as are the c-di-gmp turnover proteins, which mediate the transition between motility and sessility. eal domain proteins have been characterized as c-di-gmp-specific phosphodiesterases. while most eal domain proteins contain additional, usually n-terminal, domains, there is a distinct family of proteins with stand-alone eal domains, exemplified by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium proteins stm3611 (yhjh/p ... | 2017 | 28652301 |
| the potential of a brown microalga cultivated in high salt medium for the production of high-value compounds. | amphora sp. was isolated from the sfax solar saltern and cultivated under hypersaline conditions. it contains moderate rates of proteins, lipids, sugars, and minerals and a prominent content of bioactive compounds: polyphenols, chlorophyll a, carotenoids, and fatty acids. the analysis of fatty acids with gc/ms showed that the c16 series accounted for about 75% of amphora sp. lipids. saturated fatty acids whose palmitic acid was the most important (27.41%) represented 41.31%. amphora sp. was foun ... | 2017 | 28612024 |
| the effect of lactobacillus acidophilus ptcc 1643 on cultured intestinal epithelial cells infected with salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. | gastrointestinal disorders caused by salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (sese) are a significant health problem around the globe. probiotic bacteria have been shown to have positive effects on the immune responses. lactobacillus acidophilus was examined for its capability to influence the innate immune response of ht29 intestinal epithelial cells towards sese. the purpose of this work was to assess the effect of l. acidophilus ptcc 1643 on cultured intestinal epithelial cells infected with ... | 2017 | 28443224 |
| selection of potential probiotic lactobacillus with inhibitory activity against salmonella and fecal coliform bacteria. | three hundred and sixty presumptive lactic acid bacteria (lab) isolated from pregnant sows, newborn, suckling, and weaned piglets were preliminarily screened for anti-salmonella activity. fifty-eight isolates consisting of lactobacillus reuteri (n = 32), lactobacillus salivarius (n = 10), lactobacillus mucosae (n = 8), lactobacillus johnsonii (n = 5), and lactobacillus crispatus (n = 3) were selected and further characterized for probiotic properties including production of antimicrobial substan ... | 2017 | 28712023 |
| three new lactobacillus plantarum strains in the probiotic toolbox against gut pathogen salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. | the benefits of probiotic bacteria have been widely explored. however, fermented foods and digestive system of humans and animals are an inexhaustible source of new potentially probiotic microorganisms. in this study we present three new lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from different dairy products: cow's cheese, sheep's cheese and whey. in order to determine the antibacterial activity of yet unexplored l. plantarum strains against salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium, in vitro comp ... | 2017 | 28559733 |
| oral administration of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg ameliorates salmonella infantis-induced inflammation in a pig model via activation of the il-22bp/il-22/stat3 pathway. | the high rate of salmonella enterica serovar infantis (s. infantis) infection poses significant risk for the development of non-typhoidal salmonella gastroenteritis. however, efficient strategies to prevent or treat the infection remain elusive. here, we explored the effect of the probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) administration in preventing s. infantis infection in a pig model. probiotic lgg (1.0 × 10(10) cfu/day) was orally administered to newly weaned piglets for 1 week before s. in ... | 2017 | 28770173 |
| taking control: hijacking of rab gtpases by intracellular bacterial pathogens. | intracellular bacterial pathogens survive and replicate within specialized eukaryotic cell organelles. to establish their intracellular niches these pathogens have adopted sophisticated strategies to control intracellular membrane trafficking. since rab-family gtpases are critical regulators of endocytic and secretory membrane trafficking events, many intracellular pathogens have evolved specific mechanisms to modulate or hijack rab gtpases dynamics and trafficking functions. one such strategy i ... | 2017 | 28632996 |
| hepcidin-(in)dependent mechanisms of iron metabolism regulation during infection by listeria and salmonella. | during bacterial infection, the pathogenic agent and the host battle for iron, due to its importance for fundamental cellular processes. however, iron redistribution and sequestration during infection can culminate in anemia. although hepcidin has been recognized as the key regulator of iron metabolism, in some infections its levels remain unaffected, suggesting the involvement of other players in iron metabolism deregulation. in this work, we use a mouse model to elucidate the main cellular and ... | 2017 | 28652306 |
| development of biopolymer composite films using a microfluidization technique for carboxymethylcellulose and apple skin particles. | biopolymer films based on apple skin powder (asp) and carboxymethylcellulose (cmc) were developed with the addition of apple skin extract (ase) and tartaric acid (ta). asp/cmc composite films were prepared by mixing cmc with asp solution using a microfluidization technique to reduce particle size. then, various concentrations of ase and ta were incorporated into the film solution as an antioxidant and an antimicrobial agent, respectively. fourier transform infrared (ftir), optical, mechanical, w ... | 2017 | 28617325 |
| multidrug resistance salmonella genomic island 1 in a morganella morganii subsp. morganii human clinical isolate from france. | salmonella genomic island 1 (sgi1) is a multidrug resistance integrative mobilizable element that harbors a great diversity of antimicrobial resistance gene clusters described in numerous salmonella enterica serovars and also in proteus mirabilis. a serious threat to public health was revealed in the recent description in p. mirabilis of a sgi1-derivative multidrug resistance island named pgi1 (proteus genomic island 1) carrying extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (esbl) and metallo-β-lactamase resist ... | 2017 | 28435889 |
| population-based incidence, seasonality and serotype distribution of invasive salmonellosis among children in nanoro, rural burkina faso. | bloodstream infections (bsi) caused by salmonella typhi and invasive non-typhoidal salmonella (ints) frequently affect children living in rural sub-saharan africa but data about incidence and serotype distribution are rare. | 2017 | 28692655 |
| loss of humoral and cellular immunity to invasive nontyphoidal salmonella during current or convalescent plasmodium falciparum infection in malawian children. | invasive nontyphoidal salmonella (ints) infections are commonly associated with plasmodium falciparum infections, but the immunologic basis for this linkage is poorly understood. we hypothesized that p. falciparum infection compromises the humoral and cellular immunity of the host to nts, which increases the susceptibility of the host to ints infection. we prospectively recruited children aged between 6 and 60 months at a community health centre in blantyre, malawi, and allocated them to the fol ... | 2017 | 28515136 |
| influence of saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products, smartcare in milk replacer and original xpc in calf starter, on the performance and health of preweaned holstein calves challenged with salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. | this study was designed to investigate the effects of supplementing smartcare (sc; diamond v, cedar rapids, ia) in milk replacer and original xpc (xpc; diamond v) in calf starter on performance and health of preweaned calves following an oral challenge with salmonella enterica. the study was performed in two 35-d periods with 30 holstein bull calves (2 ± 1 d of age) per period. in each period, calves were blocked by location in the barn and randomly assigned to treatments that included control, ... | 2017 | 28734601 |
| activation of master virulence regulator phop in acidic ph requires the salmonella-specific protein ugtl. | acidic conditions, such as those inside phagosomes, stimulate the intracellular pathogen salmonella enterica to activate virulence genes. the sensor phoq responds to a mildly acidic ph by phosphorylating, and thereby activating, the virulence regulator phop. this phop/phoq two-component system is conserved in a subset of gram-negative bacteria. phoq is thought to be sufficient to activate phop in mildly acidic ph. however, we found that the salmonella-specific protein ugtl, which was horizontall ... | 2017 | 28851823 |
| detection of salmonella spp. in veterinary samples by combining selective enrichment and real-time pcr. | rapid screening for enteric bacterial pathogens in clinical environments is essential for biosecurity. salmonella found in veterinary hospitals, particularly salmonella enterica serovar dublin, can pose unique challenges for culture and testing because of its poor growth. multiple salmonella serovars including dublin are emerging threats to public health given increasing prevalence and antimicrobial resistance. we adapted an automated food testing method to veterinary samples and evaluated the p ... | 2017 | 28862083 |
| cxcr3 plays a critical role for host protection against salmonellosis. | cxcr3 and its ligands are heavily associated with inflammation and have been implicated in numerous inflammatory diseases. cxcr3 plays an important role in recruiting pro-inflammatory cells, specifically neutrophils, in a model of sterile colitis whereby cxcr3(-/-) mice showed an attenuated course of colitis with markedly reduced host-tissue damage in the inflamed caecum. the role of cxcr3 during infectious colitis, however, is unclear and therefore in this study, we investigated the role of cxc ... | 2017 | 28860493 |
| complete genome sequence of salmonella enterica lytic bacteriophage lpst10, isolated in china. | bacteriophage lpst10 was isolated from wuhan, china. lytic activity was demonstrated against multiple salmonella enterica serovars, including salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strains. this bacteriophage has a 47,657-bp double-stranded dna genome encoding 87 putative coding sequences. | 2017 | 28860234 |
| protein energy malnutrition alters mucosal iga responses and reduces mucosal vaccine efficacy in mice. | oral vaccine responsiveness is often lower in children in less developed countries. childhood malnutrition may be associated with poor immune response to oral vaccines. the present study was designed to investigate whether protein energy malnutrition (pem) impairs b cell immunity and ultimately reduces oral vaccine efficacy in a mouse model. purified isocaloric diets containing low protein (1/10 the protein of the control diet) were used to determine the effect of pem. pem increased both nonspec ... | 2017 | 28860040 |
| salmonella enterica serovar typhi siderophore production is elevated and fur inactivation causes cell filamentation and attenuation in macrophages. | salmonella enterica serovars typhi and typhimurium are two closely related bacteria causing different types of infection in humans. iron acquisition is considered essential for virulence. siderophores are important iron chelators and production of enterobactin and salmochelins by these serovars was quantified. overall, salmonella typhi produced higher levels of siderophores than salmonella typhimurium. the role of the global regulator fur, involved in iron homeostasis, present and conserved in b ... | 2017 | 28859315 |
| integration host factor is important for biofilm formation by salmonella enterica enteritidis. | salmonella enterica enteritidis forms biofilms and survives in agricultural environments, infecting poultry and eggs. bacteria in biofilms are difficult to eradicate compared to planktonic cells, causing serious problems in industry and public health. in this study, we evaluated the role of ihfa and ihfb in biofilm formation by s. enterica enteritidis by employing different microbiology techniques. our data indicate that ihf mutant strains are impaired in biofilm formation, showing a reduction i ... | 2017 | 28859308 |
| biofilm producing salmonella typhi: chronic colonization and development of gallbladder cancer. | salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar typhi is the aetiological agent of typhoid or enteric fever. in a subset of individuals, s. typhi colonizes the gallbladder causing an asymptomatic chronic infection. nonetheless, these asymptomatic carriers provide a reservoir for further spreading of the disease. epidemiological studies performed in regions where s. typhi is endemic, revealed that the majority of chronically infected carriers also harbour gallstones, which in turn, have been indi ... | 2017 | 28858232 |
| ribosome signatures aid bacterial translation initiation site identification. | while methods for annotation of genes are increasingly reliable, the exact identification of translation initiation sites remains a challenging problem. since the n-termini of proteins often contain regulatory and targeting information, developing a robust method for start site identification is crucial. ribosome profiling reads show distinct patterns of read length distributions around translation initiation sites. these patterns are typically lost in standard ribosome profiling analysis pipeli ... | 2017 | 28854918 |
| comparative genomics of australian and international isolates of salmonella typhimurium: correlation of core genome evolution with crispr and prophage profiles. | salmonella enterica subsp enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) is a serovar with broad host range. to determine the genomic diversity of s. typhimurium, we sequenced 39 isolates (37 australian and 2 uk isolates) representing 14 repeats groups (rgs) determined primarily by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crispr). analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) among the 39 isolates yielded an average of 1,232 snps per isolate, ranging from 128 snps to 11,339 ... | 2017 | 28851865 |
| methods to illuminate the role of salmonella effector proteins during infection: a review. | intracellular bacterial pathogens like salmonella enterica use secretion systems, such as the type iii secretion system, to deliver virulence factors into host cells in order to invade and colonize these cells. salmonella virulence factors include a suite of effector proteins that remodel the host cell to facilitate bacterial internalization, replication, and evasion of host immune surveillance. a number of diverse and innovative approaches have been used to identify and characterize the role of ... | 2017 | 28848721 |
| salmonella frae, an asparaginase homolog, contributes to fructose-asparagine but not asparagine utilization. | salmonella enterica can utilize fructose-asparagine (f-asn) as a carbon and nitrogen source. this unusual capability has been attributed to five genes in the fra locus. previously, we determined that mutations in frab (deglycase), frad (kinase), or fraa (transporter) eliminated the ability of salmonella to grow on f-asn while a mutation in frae allowed partial growth. we hypothesized that frae, a putative periplasmic fructose-asparaginase, converts f-asn to nh4(+) and fructose-aspartate (f-asp). ... | 2017 | 28847920 |
| biochips for direct detection and identification of bacteria in blood culture-like conditions. | bloodstream bacterial infections are life-threatening conditions necessitating prompt medical care. rapid pathogen identification is essential for early setting of the best anti-infectious therapy. however, the bacterial load in blood samples from patients with bacteremia is too low and under the limit of detection of most methods for direct identification of bacteria. therefore, a preliminary step enabling the bacterial multiplication is required. to do so, blood cultures still remain the gold ... | 2017 | 28842712 |
| whole-genome sequences of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strains tt6675 and tt9097 employed in the isolation and characterization of a giant phage mutant collection. | we report here the genome sequences of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strains tt6675 and tt9097, which we utilize for genetic analyses of giant bacterial viruses. our analyses identified several genetic variations between the two strains, most significantly confirming strain tt6675 as a serine suppressor and tt9097 as a nonsuppressor. | 2017 | 28839032 |
| pyelonephritis in japan caused by salmonella enterica subspecies arizonae. | salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae is a bacteria commonly found in the gut of reptiles. in humans, infections caused by this organism are rare. most cases originate from southwestern united states, where rattlesnake products are often used in traditional medicine. in asia, only a few cases have been described. this case report documents a case involving a 64-year-old woman with pyelonephritis caused by s. arizonae in japan. she had no history of contact with reptiles or foreign travel. the like ... | 2017 | 28838777 |
| use of multiple-locus variable-number of tandem repeats analysis (mlva) to investigate genetic diversity of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium isolates from human, food, and veterinary sources. | salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar typhimurium is the most common zoonotic pathogen in bulgaria. to allow efficient outbreak investigations and surveillance in the food chain, accurate and discriminatory methods for typing are needed. this study evaluated the use of multiple-locus variable-number of tandem repeats analysis (mlva) and compared results with antimicrobial resistance (amr) determinations for 100 s. typhimurium strains isolated in bulgaria during 2008-2012 (50 veterinary ... | 2017 | 28836358 |
| characterization of salmonella gallinarum isolates from backyard poultry by polymerase chain reaction detection of invasion (inva) and salmonella plasmid virulence (spvc) genes. | the aim was to characterize salmonella enterica serovar gallinarum isolated from backyard poultry by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) detection of virulence genes invasion (inva) and salmonella plasmid virulence c (spvc). | 2017 | 28831228 |
| analysis of spleen-induced fimbria production in recombinant attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine strains. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium genome encodes 13 fimbrial operons. most of the fimbriae encoded by these operons are not produced under laboratory conditions but are likely to be synthesized in vivo we used an in vivo expression technology (ivet) strategy to identify four fimbrial operons, agf, saf, sti, and stc that are expressed in the spleen. when any three of these operons were deleted, the strain retained wild-type virulence. however, when all four operons were deleted, the resulti ... | 2017 | 28830946 |
| tubo-ovarian abscess infected by salmonella typhi. | we report a case of a tubo-ovarian abscess infected with salmonella enterica serotype typhi a 19-year-old nepalese woman presented to a hospital in kathmandu with lower abdominal pain, constipation, fever and a non-healing, suppurative surgical wound from an emergency caesarian section performed 2 months previously at 37 weeks of pregnancy. she also had an exploratory laparotomy for an appendix perforation with peritonitis at 25 weeks of gestation. her wound infection did not respond to cloxacil ... | 2017 | 28827431 |
| human genetic variation in vac14 regulates salmonella invasion and typhoid fever through modulation of cholesterol. | risk, severity, and outcome of infection depend on the interplay of pathogen virulence and host susceptibility. systematic identification of genetic susceptibility to infection is being undertaken through genome-wide association studies, but how to expeditiously move from genetic differences to functional mechanisms is unclear. here, we use genetic association of molecular, cellular, and human disease traits and experimental validation to demonstrate that genetic variation affects expression of ... | 2017 | 28827342 |
| interleukin-10 production by t and b cells is a key factor to promote systemic salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection in mice. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) is a gram-negative bacterium that produces disease in numerous hosts. in mice, oral inoculation is followed by intestinal colonization and subsequent systemic dissemination, which leads to severe pathogenesis without the activation of an efficient anti-salmonella immune response. this feature suggests that the infection caused by s. typhimurium may promote the production of anti-inflammatory molecules by the host that prevent efficient t c ... | 2017 | 28824622 |
| pan-genome analyses of the species salmonella enterica, and identification of genomic markers predictive for species, subspecies, and serovar. | food safety is a global concern, with upward of 2.2 million deaths due to enteric disease every year. current whole-genome sequencing platforms allow routine sequencing of enteric pathogens for surveillance, and during outbreaks; however, a remaining challenge is the identification of genomic markers that are predictive of strain groups that pose the most significant health threats to humans, or that can persist in specific environments. we have previously developed the software program panseq, ... | 2017 | 28824552 |
| epidemiology of salmonella enterica serotype dublin infections among humans, united states, 1968-2013. | salmonella enterica serotype dublin is a cattle-adapted bacterium that typically causes bloodstream infections in humans. to summarize demographic, clinical, and antimicrobial drug resistance characteristics of human infections with this organism in the united states, we analyzed data for 1968-2013 from 5 us surveillance systems. during this period, the incidence rate for infection with salmonella dublin increased more than that for infection with other salmonella. data from 1 system (foodnet) s ... | 2017 | 28820133 |
| genome sequence of an australian monophasic salmonella enterica subsp. enterica typhimurium isolate (tw-stm6) carrying a large plasmid with multiple antimicrobial resistance genes. | we report the genome sequence of a monophasic salmonella enterica subsp. enterica typhimurium strain (tw-stm6) isolated in australia that is similar to epidemic multidrug-resistant strains from europe and elsewhere. this strain carries additional antibiotic and heavy-metal resistance genes on a large (275-kb) inchi2 plasmid. | 2017 | 28818900 |
| the plasmid-encoded ipf and klf fimbriae display different expression and varying roles in the virulence of salmonella enterica serovar infantis in mouse vs. avian hosts. | salmonella enterica serovar infantis is one of the prevalent salmonella serovars worldwide. different emergent clones of s. infantis were shown to acquire the pesi virulence-resistance megaplasmid affecting its ecology and pathogenicity. here, we studied two previously uncharacterized pesi-encoded chaperone-usher fimbriae, named ipf and klf. while ipf homologs are rare and were found only in s. enterica subspecies diarizonae and subspecies vii, klf is related to the known k88-fae fimbria and klf ... | 2017 | 28817673 |
| application of chitosan microparticles for mitigation of salmonella in agricultural water. | the activity of chitosan microparticles (cm) was examined using a matrix of conditions in order to assess the efficacy of cm as a mitigation against various strains of salmonella enterica in agricultural water. | 2017 | 28815882 |
| vibrio cholerae type 6 secretion system effector trafficking in target bacterial cells. | the type 6 secretion system (t6ss) is used by many gram-negative bacterial species to deliver toxic effector proteins into nearby bacteria prey cells to kill or inhibit their growth. vgrg proteins are core conserved secretion substrates of the t6ss and one subset of t6ss effectors consists of vgrg proteins with c-terminal extension domains carrying various enzymatic activities. in vibrio cholerae, vgrg3 has a hydrolase extension domain and degrades peptidoglycan in the periplasm of target bacter ... | 2017 | 28808000 |
| association between wetland presence and incidence of salmonella enterica serotype javiana infections in selected us sites, 2005-2011. | salmonella causes an estimated 1·2 million illnesses annually in the usa. salmonella enterica serotype javiana (serotype javiana) is the fourth most common serotype isolated from humans, with the majority of illnesses occurring in southeastern states. the percentage of wetland cover by wetland type and the average incidence rates of serotype javiana infection in selected counties of the foodborne disease active surveillance network (foodnet) were examined. this analysis explored the relationship ... | 2017 | 28803563 |