| purification of a plasmodium berghei neutral endopeptidase and its localization in merozoite. | a plasmodium berghei neutral endopeptidase specific for the fluorogenic substrates valyl-leucyl-glycyl-arginyl/lysyl-aminoethyl-carbazole was purified by fast protein liquid chromatography. the enzyme was a mr 68,000 polypeptide. immunization of mice with the purified enzyme gave a specific antiserum, as demonstrated by immunoblotting. immunofluorescence with this antiserum showed a strong labelling of p. berghei merozoites in mature segmented schizonts and of merozoites released from schizont-i ... | 1987 | 3323905 |
| polyclonal b-cell activation and autoantibody formation during the course of mosquito-transmitted plasmodium berghei infection in mice. | the time course of polyclonal b cell activation, as measured by titers of antibodies to dnp, fitc, and haemocyanin, as well as the time course of autoantibody formation, was followed in mice infected with plasmodium berghei via anopheles stephensi. igm class antibodies to dnp, fitc, and haemocyanin appeared earlier than igg class antibodies and persisted until death. only igm class anti-dnp peaked, the others remained high until death. although igm class autoantibodies also appeared earlier than ... | 1987 | 3324285 |
| [biochemical principles of the action of drugs in malaria]. | | 1987 | 3325791 |
| plasmodium berghei malaria: effect of acute phase serum on immunity generated in rats by infection and by vaccination. | acute phase serum (aps) given at the time of challenge with plasmodium berghei inhibited the generation to immunity to the infecting plasmodia. administered with a single dose of vaccine, it inhibited induction of immunity by the vaccine. three weekly doses, the last given two weeks before infection, induced immunity. administration of vaccine simultaneously with infection neither aggravated nor ameliorated the infection. these results indicate that the effect of administration of aps on immunit ... | 1987 | 3325980 |
| antiparasitic agents. part 7--antimalarial activity of alkyl 5(6)-(4-aminophenyl) sulphonobenzimidazole-2-carbamates. | | 1987 | 3326751 |
| studies on the comparative gametocytaemia of p. berghei (nk 65) in male and female mastomys natalensis. | | 1987 | 3326752 |
| effect of zinc diet on xanthine oxidase activity of liver of mice infected with plasmodium berghei. | | 1987 | 3326753 |
| prevention of murine cerebral malaria by low-dose cyclosporin a. | the effects of cyclosporin a (csa) were investigated in an experimental model of cerebral malaria. in this model, plasmodium berghei anka-infected cba/ca mice develop a clinically and histologically characterized neurological syndrome which is considered to be the result of immunopathological reactions mediated by l3t4+ t cells. it was shown that csa displayed a strong protective effect on neurological complications when given at a dose 1 mg/kg/day for 5 consecutive days (days 4-8), which had no ... | 1987 | 3327806 |
| the effect of combinations of qinghaosu (artemisinin) with standard antimalarial drugs in the suppressive treatment of malaria in mice. | artemisinin is a novel antimalarial drug isolated in china from the wormwood plant artemisia annua l. studies with rodent malaria were carried out to detect antagonism and synergism with a variety of antimalarial drugs. isobolograms of drug interaction were plotted at the ed90 level. with a normally susceptible strain of plasmodium berghei, marked potentiative synergism was found with mefloquine, tetracycline and spiramycin. there was some synergism also with primaquine. combinations of artemisi ... | 1987 | 3328341 |
| [determination of the activity of globinase from plasmodium berghei by radiometry with mouse [3h]globin as a substrate]. | | 1987 | 3328465 |
| antimalarial activity of bisdesethylchloroquine against p. falciparum and p. berghei berghei. | | 1987 | 3328569 |
| [acid phosphatase activity of circulating leukocytes in mice in experimental malaria]. | | 1987 | 3329288 |
| [synthesis of trifluoromethyl amodiaquine analogs and antimalarial activity]. | | 1987 | 3329806 |
| [effects of 13 compounds on the activity of globinase and amounts of free amino-acids in plasmodium berghei]. | | 1987 | 3329808 |
| [therapeutic effects of 13 combinations of antimalarials against plasmodium berghei "ns" strain]. | | 1987 | 3329993 |
| [studies on the reappearance of gametocytes of plasmodium berghei]. | | 1987 | 3329994 |
| antimalarial activity of 4,4'-bis-dimethylaminodiphenyl sulfone. | | 1987 | 3330051 |
| [experimental study on the possibility of prevention of post-transfusional malaria, by using gentian violet]. | | 1987 | 3330860 |
| [antimalarial activity of various isoquinoline alkaloids in the mouse]. | | 1987 | 3331070 |
| the chemotherapy of rodent malaria. xlii. halofantrine and halofantrine resistance. | as a blood schizontocide, halofantrine is about three times as active against a drug-sensitive line of plasmodium berghei (n strain) as chloroquine, but it lacks any causal prophylactic effect. this activity is retained against parasites highly resistant to primaquine, cycloguanil, pyrimethamine, sulphaphenazole and menoctone. a marked resistance to halofantrine is shown by parasites resistant to mefloquine, quinine, chloroquine and amodiaquine, although the moderately chloroquine-resistant 'ns ... | 1987 | 3331253 |
| some hemoglobin modifications in malaria. | | 1987 | 3332072 |
| the complete development in vitro of the vertebrate phase of the mammalian malarial parasite plasmodium berghei. | all three 'vertebrate' stages of the rodent malarial parasite plasmodium berghei berghei were grown in vitro in the absence of the vertebrate host. the parasite was introduced into culture from infected mosquitoes and 2 in vitro culture methods were used sequentially to complete the 'vertebrate' phases of development in hepatoma and erythrocyte host cells. the resultant blood infection produced mature schizonts and male and female gametocytes. the protocol, which is now being extended to the hum ... | 1987 | 3332508 |
| sensitivity of malaria parasites to artemether (qinghaosu derivative) depends on host cell age. | | 1987 | 3332510 |
| effects of levamisole on experimental infections by plasmodium berghei in mice. | | 1987 | 3333878 |
| concerning steric effects in antimalarial agents. | acridine, the parent nucleus of atabrine, is much more toxic than its 4,5-dimethyl derivative. the 4,5-dimethyl derivative of atabrine was therefore synthesized in the hope of producing a better-tolerated drug. the analogue was considerably more toxic than atabrine. | 1987 | 3334542 |
| malaria in beta-thalassemic mice and the effects of the transgenic human beta-globin gene and splenectomy. | to investigate the protective effects of beta-thalassemia against malaria, rodent malaria parasites were studied in c57bl/6j mice with beta-thalassemia, in mice in which the thalassemia had been transgenically corrected with the human beta a-globin gene, and in hematologically normal mice. in thalassemic mice, plasmodium chabaudi adami infection was inhibited and peak parasitemia was variably delayed. in transgenically corrected mice, infection proceeded as in normal mice. plasmodium berghei inf ... | 1988 | 3335824 |
| effect of cyclosporin a and some derivatives in litomosoides carinii-infected mastomys natalensis. | litomosoides carinii-infected mastomys natalensis were treated 85 days post infection with cyclosporin a (cya) or 8 derivatives with different immunosuppressive capacities. cya (oral doses of 5 x 25 mg/kg, 5 x 50 mg/kg, 5 x 80 mg/kg on consecutive days) reduced parasitaemia levels in a dose dependent way, beginning 3 weeks after first drug administration. using 5 x 50 and 5 x 80 mg/kg animals were free from circulating microfilariae on the day of necropsy (day 56). derivatives were administered ... | 1987 | 3437108 |
| plasmodium berghei malaria: effects of acute-phase serum and erythrocyte-bound immunoglobulins on erythrophagocytosis by rat peritoneal macrophages. | acute-phase serum (aps) collected from plasmodium berghei-infected rats inhibited phagocytosis of trypsinized rat erythrocytes and of erythrocytes from p. berghei-infected rats. macrophages (m phi) incubated with aps or heat-aggregated acute-phase serum (haaps) for 6 h, followed by 18 h incubation in serum-free medium, exhibited significantly higher levels of phagocytosis than m phi similarly cultured but with normal rat serum. when aps was present at the time of assay, it inhibited erythrophago ... | 1986 | 3510164 |
| the effects of cortisone on immunity during chronic rodent malaria. | the temporal effects were studied of a single dose of hydrocortisone acetate on the development and expression of immune responses to plasmodium berghei in mice with chronic infections. cortisone administration prior to primary infection reduced malaria-specific secondary humoral and cellular responses, as well as the ability to survive parasite challenge. once protective humoral immunity was established after chemotherapy of primary infection, cortisone treatment did not disrupt its expression. ... | 1986 | 3511746 |
| membrane fluidity changes in p. berghei-infected erythrocytes, investigated with a specific plasma membrane fluorescent probe. | trimethylamino-diphenylhexatriene (tma-dph), a novel hydrophobic fluorescent probe with relevant photophysical properties for fluorescence anisotropy measurements in phospholipidic membranes, specifically labels the plasma membranes of whole living-cells, unlike earlier commonly used probes such as 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (dph) and anthroyloxy fatty acids, which invade all hydrophobic regions of the cell. using tma-dph, it was shown that mouse malaria parasite plasmodium berghei induced a ... | 1986 | 3511915 |
| effect of macrophage activation on phagocyte-plasmodium interaction. | we investigated the effect of both immune and normal sera on the binding of free plasmodium berghei by resident and activated macrophages. resident macrophages bound plasmodia to a greater extent than did activated macrophages, regardless of treatment. resident macrophages bound free plasmodia, predominantly trophozoites, in the presence of normal serum by a mechanism inhibited by n-acetylglucosamine and n-acetylmannosamine. macrophages activated through treatment with propionibacterium acnes (" ... | 1986 | 3512432 |
| plasmodium berghei sporozoite invasion is blocked in vitro by sporozoite-immobilizing antibodies. | a monoclonal antibody directed against the circumsporozoite protein on the surface of plasmodium berghei sporozoites inhibited sporozoite motility in vitro. these immobilized sporozoites could adhere to but not invade target cultured cells. other sporozoite-immobilizing agents also inhibited sporozoite invasion into cultured cells and did not prevent sporozoite adherence. these results indicate that sporozoite invasiveness is associated with sporozoite motility. thus, the immobilizing effect of ... | 1986 | 3512436 |
| use of a two-sited monoclonal antibody assay to detect a heat-stable malarial antigen in the sera of mice infected with plasmodium yoelii. | antigens, circulating in the blood during malarial infections, have been implicated in immune protection, immunosuppression, and immune-complex formation. we used a monoclonal antibody (mab 7h8) to identify an antigen (ag-7h8) in the sera of mice infected with plasmodium yoelii. the major form of the antigen has a molecular weight of approximately 120,000 in p. yoelii, with minor components of 220,000; 65,000 to 75,000; and 45,000. ag-7h8 remains antigenic after boiling for 5 min. a two-sited as ... | 1986 | 3512438 |
| 2-acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazones. 12. derivatives of 3-acetylisoquinoline as potential antimalarial agents. | a series of 3-acetylisoquinoline thiosemicarbazones and their related thiosemicarbazides was prepared for evaluation as potential antimalarial agents. the former were synthesized by the reaction of 3-acetylisoquinoline with methyl hydrazinecarbodithioate to give methyl 3-[1-(3-isoquinolinyl)ethylidene]hydrazinecarbodithioate, iv. displacement of the s-methyl group of this intermediate by the requisite amines gave 3-acetylisoquinoline thiosemicarbazones, v. the corresponding thiosemicarbazides, i ... | 1986 | 3513773 |
| the ribosomal genes of plasmodium. | | 1986 | 3514510 |
| immunosuppression in murine malaria: role of activated macrophages. | the role of macrophages in immunosuppression which develops during plasmodium berghei infection in mice has been studied. the transfer of activated macrophages (or their extracts) from the infected mice with low parasitaemia (less than 10%) to uninfected mice enhanced their humoral response to sheep red blood cells (srbc) as indicated by the number of splenic igm and igg plaque-forming cells (pfc). in contrast, when macrophages obtained during higher parasitaemia (16%) were used, significant inh ... | 1986 | 3516130 |
| [omega-aminoacyl compounds against malaria]. | investigations on diphenylthioether derivatives led to compounds with a high antimalarial (p. berghei) activity. 58 new compounds were synthetisized in order to study structure-efficacy relationships. general formula: efficacy was optimal in compounds with r1 = no2. some of such compounds were at least half as effective as chloroquine and fully effective against drug resistant strains of p. berghei. but also other radicals proved to be suitable as long as s was not replaced by o. but two dipheny ... | 1986 | 3516160 |
| synthesis and anthelmintic activity of 2,2'-disubstituted 5,5'-dibenzimidazolylsulfides and sulfones. | a number of substituted diphenylsulfides and sulfones (4-11) and 2,2'-disubstituted-5,5'-dibenzimidazolyl sulfides and sulphones (12-19) have been synthesized starting from 5-chloro-2-nitroacetanilide and (3) 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone (9), respectively. among the compounds tested against ancylostoma ceylanicum in hamsters and hymenolepis nana in rats and mice, 14, 15, 18 and 19 removed 100% of the worms at an oral dose of 25 mg/kg x 1 to 250 mg/kg x 3. some of the compounds were tested for t ... | 1986 | 3518728 |
| oxygen consumption in plasmodium berghei-infected murine red cells: a direct spectrophotometric assay in intact erythrocytes. | a spectrophotometric assay has been devised to measure oxygen consumption non-invasively in intact murine red cells parasitized by plasmodium berghei. the method uses oxyhemoglobin in the erythrocytes both as a source of oxygen and as an indicator of oxygen consumption. spectra of intact cells show broad peaks and sloping baselines due to light-scattering. in order to ascertain the number of varying components in the 370-450 nm range, the resolution of the spectra was enhanced using fourier tran ... | 1986 | 3518808 |
| the establishment of plasmodium berghei in mosquitoes of a refractory and a susceptible line of anopheles atroparvus. | the events between the ingestion of plasmodium berghei-infected mouse blood and the establishment of the ookinetes in the epithelium of the midgut in refractory (r) and susceptible (s) anopheles atroparvus are described. simultaneously fed, fully engorged female mosquitoes were randomly assigned to dissection at 22, 28, 32, 48 h and 10 days (controls) after the infective feed (post-infection: p.i.). serial transverse sections of 6 micron were cut. every 10th section was studied. the maturation o ... | 1986 | 3521118 |
| increased sensitivity in antigen detection during immunoblot analysis resulting from antigen enrichment via immunoprecipitation. | the sensitivity in antigen detection during immunoblot analysis is greatly increased if the antigen is first immunoprecipitated from the crude extract before electrophoresis and transfer to nitrocellulose. not only does the method allow detection of antigens which are minor components of crude mixtures or antigens which cannot be radiolabeled, but the method also resolves problems, such as high background, which are often associated with immunoprecipitation. also, by modifying the method, whethe ... | 1986 | 3521383 |
| plasmodium berghei: reduction of the mouse's specific lymphoproliferative response in relation to corticosterone and pregnancy. | spleen cells from mice immune to plasmodium berghei exhibited a significantly increased in vitro proliferative response to parasitized reticulocytes compared to spleen cells from normal mice. the specific response to malaria antigen was decreased in spleen cells from pregnant immune mice in contrast to the nonspecific response to the mitogen phytohemagglutinin. addition of mouse serum to spleen cell cultures of immune mice depressed both the phytohemagglutinin and the specific proliferative resp ... | 1986 | 3522263 |
| trypsin-sensitive plasmodia in the liver of post-infection rats and rhesus monkeys. | kupffer cells from the liver and erythrocytes from peripheral blood were collected at the post-patent period from albino rats infected earlier with plasmodium berghei and rhesus monkeys infected earlier with p. cynomolgi var. bastianelli or p. knowlesi. the cells were subinoculated into individual normal recipients. these recipients subsequently showed parasitaemia in their circulation. the parasites present in kupffer cell preparations were found to be sensitive to trypsin treatment, while thos ... | 1986 | 3522381 |
| immune t-cells and their lymphokines enhance phagocytosis of merozoites by macrophages. | | 1986 | 3522764 |
| infectivity of plasmodium berghei sporozoites measured with a dna probe. | a 2.3 kb, 32p-labeled repetitive dna probe of plasmodium berghei was used to measure the amount of parasite dna in the liver of norway brown rats and mice infected with sporozoites. standard hybridization curves were obtained by probing different amounts (100 pg to 1 microgram) of p. berghei dna immobilized on nitrocellulose filters. host dna did not interfere with hybridization specificity and sensitivity. a 100-fold increase in hepatic parasite dna was detected between 25 h post-infection and ... | 1986 | 3523238 |
| protective immunity to malaria. studies with cloned lines of plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi and p. berghei in cba/ca mice. ii. the effectiveness and inter- or intra-species specificity of the passive transfer of immunity with serum. | serum was obtained from cba/ca mice infected, reinfected or superinfected with parasites taken one or two syringe passages from cryopreserved reference stabilates derived from cloned lines of the as or cb isolates of p.c. chabaudi. serum was also collected from mice superinfected with parasites derived from a cloned line of p. berghei ksp-11. when injected into normal syngeneic recipients subsequently challenged with homologous or heterologous parasites, these sera mediated some or all of the fo ... | 1986 | 3523398 |
| sialic acid analysis and tritium-labelling of sialoglycoproteins of mouse erythrocytes infected with plasmodium berghei. | schizont-infected red blood cells (si-rbc) from plasmodium berghei-infected mice contain between 2 and 10 times as much sialic acid as uninfected rbc from the same blood (99-550 micrograms/10(10) rbc versus 33-65 micrograms/10(10) rbc). total rbc samples from infected animals containing up to 63% ring- and trophozoite-infected cells had identical sialic acid contents to purified rbc samples (of less than 3% parasitaemia) from the same blood (52-64 micrograms/10(10) rbc). we conclude that rbc con ... | 1986 | 3526260 |
| catalase activity in red cell and liver of mice infected with plasmodium berghei. | hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) has been incriminated to have an oxidative killing malaria parasite. as p. berghei-infected mouse red cells generated h2o2 in vivo, this would result in the alteration of catalase status of the host. the present study was undertaken to determine catalase activity in red cells and liver of mice infected with p. berghei. the studies were performed in 17 samples of infected red cells as well as 20 samples of the normal red cells. results showed that the catalase activity in ... | 1986 | 3526580 |
| plasmodium berghei: histology, immunocytochemistry, and ultrastructure of the placenta in rodent malaria. | the pathological changes associated with malarial infection in pregnancy were studied in rats and mice infected with plasmodium berghei at different stages of gestation. histopathological and ultrastructural studies of infected placentae near term in both species revealed disruption of architecture with gross thickening and necrosis of cells in the labyrinthine zone and fibrosis of the trilaminar trophoblast separating the maternal and fetal circulations. in the mouse, the extent of histopatholo ... | 1986 | 3527738 |
| protection of mice against plasmodium berghei infection by a tuftsin derivative. | in plasmodium berghei infections, the mortality rate and parasitaemias were significantly reduced and the mean survival time was considerably enhanced by pretreating the animals with a tuftsin derivative, thr-lys-pro-arg-nh-(ch2)2-nhcoc15h31. this effect of the modified tuftsin was further increased upon its incorporation in the liposome bilayer. these results indicate that tuftsin and its derivatives may prove useful in enhancing nonspecific host resistance against protozoan infections. | 1986 | 3527754 |
| carrier-linked primaquine in the chemotherapy of malaria. | the antimalarial effect of intravenously administered primaquine (pq) can be improved and its toxicity diminished by linking it to a macromolecular carrier protein. a thiol-containing primaquine derivative 8-[[4-(2-amino-3-mercaptopropionamido)-1-methylbutyl]amino]-6- methoxyquinoline was synthesized. this compound could readily be linked via a disulfide bond to a carrier protein containing (pyridyldithio)propionate groups. the derivative was coupled to serum albumin as well as to serum albumin ... | 1986 | 3528491 |
| [effect of dichroa febrifuga l. on chloroquinsensible and chloroquinresistant malaria parasites]. | | 1986 | 3528514 |
| [isoenzyme typing of strains of plasmodium berghei and plasmodium yoelii]. | | 1986 | 3530087 |
| [probable loss of chloroquine resistance in plasmodium berghei inoculated in mus musculus previously irradiated with sublethal doses (300 r) of x-rays]. | | 1986 | 3530088 |
| [activity of 2 aminoglycoside antibiotics in plasmodium berghei infection in mus musculus]. | | 1986 | 3530089 |
| [effect of maintaining a strain of plasmodium berghei anka on gametogenesis]. | | 1986 | 3530148 |
| [parasitological and serological observations during pregnancy in mice infected with plasmodium berghei]. | | 1986 | 3530149 |
| screening azadirachta indica and pisum sativum for possible antimalarial activities. | solvent-free extracts obtained from the leaves of azadirachta indica and pisum sativum were screened for antimalarial action using plasmodium berghei in mice. four days of oral dosing with 500 mg/kg and 125 mg/kg of the methanol extract of a. indica showed a parasite suppression which was statistically significant although all test animals died after 5 days, just 1 day longer than the untreated control group. a 50 mg/kg oral dose of the aqueous extract of p. sativum was found to have significant ... | 1986 | 3531729 |
| [effect of vitamins d and e on the development of plasmodium berghei infection in mice]. | | 1986 | 3531794 |
| effects of mycobacterium bovis bcg, bacterial lipopolysaccharide and hydrocortisone on the development of immunity to plasmodium berghei. | | 1986 | 3532283 |
| influence of malarial infection on the maternal-foetal relationship in pregnant mice. | pregnant mice infected on gestation day (gd) 6 with plasmodium berghei showed a more rapid rate of increase in parasitaemia than mice infected later in pregnancy or non-pregnant controls. all mice infected on gd 6 were dead by the 7th post-infection day. pregnant mice infected on gd 13, in contrast, had similar rates of parasitaemia and mortality as non-pregnant controls and 50% delivered normally, the foetuses were absorbed in 20% and 30% died before parturition. the pups born to mice infected ... | 1986 | 3533019 |
| natural cytotoxicity for plasmodium berghei in vitro by spleen cells from susceptible and resistant rats. | the susceptibility of 30-day-old rats to plasmodium berghei infection has traditionally been ascribed to the higher levels of circulating blood reticulocytes for which p. berghei has a predilection. however, spleen cells soon develop natural cytotoxicity for p. berghei which may account, in part, for the increased natural resistance of older rats. spleen cells from normal 30- or 50-day-old rats were cultured overnight with erythrocytes parasitized by p. berghei and then injected into mf1 mice. s ... | 1986 | 3533764 |
| antibody-dependent and -independent cytotoxic activity of spleen cells for plasmodium berghei from susceptible and resistant rats. | antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (adcc) mediated by spleen cells from 30- or 50-day old rats against 51cr-labelled rat erythrocytes parasitized by plasmodium berghei in the presence of anti-p. berghei antibody showed only slight age differences. however, in the absence of specific antibody, the total cell-mediated cytotoxicy (cmc) per spleen was four times higher in the spleen cells from 50-day-old rats compared with those from 30-day-old rats. cmc accounted for about 50% of total cytotoxic ... | 1986 | 3533765 |
| superoxide dismutase and catalase in the murine malaria, plasmodium berghei: content and subcellular distribution. | plasmodium berghei, a murine malaria, lacks endogenous superoxide dismutase (sod). instead it appears to take up and concentrate sod from its host cell, the erythrocyte. we now demonstrate that the adopted host enzyme is localized in granules which are probably lysosomes. in addition, isolated p. berghei parasites contain only low levels of catalase, probably as a result of contamination of the preparation with host cell material. thus, the cytosol of this organism appears to be deficient in enz ... | 1986 | 3535681 |
| plasmodium berghei: relative immunogenicity of infected reticulocytes and infected oxyphilic red blood cells. | hyperbleeding of mice 1 day before and 1 day after infection with plasmodium berghei resulted in a more aggravated infection. parasitemia rose significantly faster, but the mean survival time of these mice was not significantly different from control mice. at day 5 of infection, parasites were almost exclusively in reticulocytes in contrast to control infections in which parasites were found in oxyphilic erythrocytes at day 5 after infection. purified parasitized reticulocytes taken from hyperbl ... | 1986 | 3536567 |
| effect of inhibitors on glucose transport in malaria (plasmodium berghei) infected erythrocytes. | | 1986 | 3536772 |
| the course of plasmodium berghei infection in mice subjected to variable dosages of the parasite and the peak parasitaemia obtained accordingly. | | 1986 | 3537159 |
| organization of the exoerythrocytic stage of the rodent malaria parasite plasmodium berghei. a cytochemical study. | with the osmium tetroxide-zinc iodide impregnation technique the visualization of the internal organization of the exoerythrocytic form of the rodent malaria parasite plasmodium berghei was improved. osmium impregnation leached the ground matrix of the parasite thereby displaying a system of intermediate-sized filaments. because microtubules are only present as part of the mitotic spindle and as remnants of the sporozoite cytoskeleton, the observed intermediate-sized filaments comprise most of t ... | 1986 | 3537327 |
| intra erythrocytic differentiation of plasmodium berghei. | | 1986 | 3538746 |
| [a formula for estimating the half-life of a drug]. | | 1986 | 3538772 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies directed against erythrocytic stage antigens of plasmodium berghei. | monoclonal antibodies recognizing various facets of the malaria parasite plasmodium berghei and of the infected erythrocyte were obtained after generation of hybridomas between spleen cells from immunized mice and myeloma cells. the monoclonal antibodies were characterized by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, indirect immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation of [35s]methionine-labeled proteins and immunoblotting. the most readily identified antigen was a parasite surface-associated protein of 23 ... | 1986 | 3539609 |
| characteristics of membrane protein phosphorylation in plasmodium berghei-infected mouse erythrocytes. | membrane protein phosphorylation in plasmodium berghei-infected erythrocytes was studied by incubating intact cells with (32p)orthophosphate and incubating isolated membrane with (gamma-32p)atp. phosphorylated proteins were detected by autoradiography after sodium dodecylsulfate (sds)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing followed by gel electrophoresis. new phosphorylated proteins were found in membrane from infected erythrocytes, including a protein with electrophoretic mo ... | 1986 | 3540278 |
| sequence of the small subunit ribosomal rna gene expressed in the bloodstream stages of plasmodium berghei: evolutionary implications. | we have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the coding region of the small subunit rrna gene expressed by bloodstream stages of the apicomplexan plasmodium berghei. it is 2059 nucleotides long. elements contributing to its relatively large size are all concentrated in regions known to be variable in length among eukaryotes. in a phylogenetic tree constructed from pairwise comparisons of eukaryotic small subunit rrna sequences, the apicomplexan line branches at a rather early point in ... | 1986 | 3540280 |
| [main results of carrying out the branch program to develop and put into practice the scientific bases for the complete and permanent elimination of malaria in the ussr]. | | 1986 | 3540556 |
| qinghaosu resistance in rodent malaria. | resistance to qinghaosu (artemisinin) developed rapidly in a chloroquine-resistant line of plasmodium yoelii (ns) passaged in mice, but was not produced in chloroquine-sensitive p. berghei. development of resistance took place in an apparently stepwise fashion. after removal of drug selection pressure some resistance was lost which was regained rapidly within three passages when drug pressure was reapplied. the resistant qs line was cross-resistant to two reduced derivatives of artemisinin but n ... | 1986 | 3541309 |
| occurrence of exoerythrocytic schizonts in the liver, adrenal glands and endocardium of mice infected with erythrocytic stages of plasmodium berghei. | | 1986 | 3541848 |
| intranuclear development of plasmodium berghei in liver cells. | | 1986 | 3542241 |
| [electron microscopic study on the invasion of erythrocytes by plasmodium berghei merozoites]. | | 1986 | 3542282 |
| macrophage cytotoxicity in lethal and non-lethal murine malaria and the effect of vaccination. | we investigated the development of cell-mediated immunity in lethal and non-lethal malarial infections by assaying the cytotoxic activity of spleen cells for l929 tumour cells at different times after infection of mice with the lethal p. berghei, a lethal variant of plasmodium yoelii and the non-lethal p. yoelii and p. chabaudi. in all cases the cytotoxicity increased to a peak during the first week and then diminished but the time of the peak varied with the infection; its activity was lowest w ... | 1986 | 3542317 |
| use of a dna probe to measure the neutralization of plasmodium berghei sporozoites by a monoclonal antibody. | a specific dna probe has been used to quantify the neutralizing effects of monoclonal antibodies (3d11) against the circumsporozoite protein of plasmodium berghei sporozoites. the amount of parasite dna was measured in the livers of norway brown rats at the peak of proliferation of the exoerythrocytic forms (eef). in vitro treatment of 1.5 x 10(5) sporozoites with 0.36 microgram/0.5 ml of whole 3d11 igg neutralized about 90% of the sporozoite infectivity. when the dose was 3.6 micrograms no sign ... | 1987 | 3543124 |
| comparative studies on the infectivity of plasmodium berghei gametocytes and ookinetes for gnotobiotic and xenobiotic anopheles stephensi. | previous studies indicated that gnotobiotic anopheles stephensi mosquitoes were less susceptible to infection with plasmodium berghei than xenobiotic ones (munderloh and kurtti, 1985). groups of 100 to 200 mosquitoes were fed on infected hamsters, heparinized gametocytemic blood (via a membrane feeder), and in vitro-formed ookinetes suspended in blood (membrane feeder). xenobiotic a. stephensi were readily infected by all 3 routes. gnotobiotic mosquitoes consistently acquired infection after eng ... | 1986 | 3543280 |
| an ultrastructural study of the effects of mefloquine on malaria parasites. | the ultrastructural changes induced by the administration of a recently developed antimalarial drug, mefloquine, were studied in mice infected with plasmodium berghei and human erythrocytes infected with p. falciparum in vitro. pronounced changes which occurred in both experiments comprised swelling of the parasites' food vacuoles with gradual loss of pigment granules, which did not form clumps as occurs with chloroquine. these findings suggest that the malarial parasites' food vacuole is the ta ... | 1987 | 3544894 |
| identification of distinct accumulation sites of 4-aminoquinoline in chloroquine sensitive and resistant plasmodium berghei strains. | we report the synthesis of an analogue of chloroquine (cqa) which can be used as a probe to visualize accumulation of 4-aminoquinoline by electron microscopy. a mouse monoclonal antibody against cqa was raised and used for immunodetection by the protein-a gold method on ultrathin cryosections, of cqa treated parasites. we demonstrate that in a p. berghei chloroquine(cq)-sensitive strain (n strain) the chloroquine analogue used accumulates in the endocytic vacuoles where hemoglobin (hb) degradati ... | 1986 | 3545836 |
| [production of an attenuated strain of p. berghei by secondary passages through mice receiving vitamin e]. | | 1986 | 3547060 |
| [experimental malaria: contamination of strains and experimental animals by eperythrozoon coccoides]. | | 1986 | 3551022 |
| efficacy of murine malaria sporozoite vaccines: implications for human vaccine development. | as part of a study of potential vaccines against malaria, the protective efficacy of sporozoite subunit vaccines was determined by using the plasmodium berghei murine malaria model. mice were immunized with recombinant dna-produced or synthetic peptide-carrier subunit vaccines derived from the repetitive epitopes of the plasmodium berghei circumsporozoite gene, or with radiation-attenuated sporozoites. immunization with subunit vaccines elicited humoral responses that were equivalent to or great ... | 1987 | 3551073 |
| [effects of qinghaosu on the surface structure of erythrocytes infected with plasmodium berghei and the erythrocyte-free parasites]. | | 1986 | 3552290 |
| [ultrastructural study on the effect of pyronaridine on the erythrocytic stages of chloroquine-resistant strain of plasmodium berghei]. | | 1986 | 3552291 |
| preliminary observations on development of quinine sulphate resistance in plasmodium berghei. | | 1986 | 3552759 |
| effect of dosage and route of inoculation on parasitaemia in white rats and guinea pigs to plasmodium berghei infection. | | 1987 | 3553360 |
| synthesis and antimalarial effects of 4-[(7-chloro-4-quinolinyl)amino]-2-[(diethylamino)methyl] -6-alkylphenols and their n omega-oxides. | a series of 4-[(7-chloro-4-quinolinyl)amino]-2-[(diethylamino)methyl]-6-alkylphenols and their n omega-oxides were synthesized by the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline and 4,7-dichloroquinoline n omega-oxide with appropriately substituted 4-amino-2-[(diethylamino)methyl]-6-alkylphenol dihydrochlorides. the latter precursors were prepared in a six-step synthesis starting from available 2-alkylphenols. several of the title compounds display potent antimalarial activity in mice. | 1987 | 3553599 |
| [evaluation of larvicidal effects of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (serotype h-14) and bacillus sphaericus preparations and the susceptibility of adult mosquitoes to malarial plasmodia]. | | 1987 | 3553885 |
| depression of virus-specific cytotoxic t-cell responses during murine malaria. | mice with self-limiting p. yoelii or fatal p. berghei infections exhibited a markedly impaired ability to mount specific splenic cytotoxic t-lymphocyte responses to immunization with infectious ectromelia (ev), vaccinia (vac), or lymphocytic choriomeningitis viruses (lcmv). lymph node responsiveness, however, was not impaired. primary ctl responses were depressed in mice immunized 7 days after p. berghei infection, while in p. yoelii-infected mice, depressed responses were detected only during t ... | 1987 | 3554117 |
| peripheral vascular pathophysiology of plasmodium berghei infection: a comparative study in the cheek pouch and brain of the golden hamster. | four- to six-week-old hamsters were infected with 1.5 x 10(7) plasmodium berghei-parasitized hamster red blood cells by intraperitoneal injection. cheek pouch circulation was observed microscopically in the anesthetized animal; the brain and contralateral pouch were collected for histopathologic examination on days 3-12 post-challenge. cheek pouch vascular lesions, observed in vivo, appear to involve three phenomena; early (beginning 3-4 days) adhesion of pigment-laden mononuclear cells to endot ... | 1987 | 3555136 |
| [detection of a system of microsomal monooxygenases in the rodent malaria parasite plasmodium berghei]. | a microsomal fraction from the cells of the malaria parasite of rodent plasmodium berghei was obtained. the spectral properties of microsomal preparations suggest that p. berghei microsomes contain cytochromes b5 and p-420. electrophoretic separation of microsomal proteins revealed the presence of proteins whose molecular mass corresponds to nadph-cytochrome c reductase, cytochrome p-450 and epoxide hydratase. the activities of nadph-cytochrome c reductase and benzpyrene hydroxylase were determi ... | 1987 | 3555625 |
| plasmodium berghei: cloning of the circumsporozoite protein gene. | a dna fragment encoding the carboxy terminal 80% of the plasmodium berghei circumsporozoite protein was selected from a genomic dna expression library. sequencing revealed that the p. berghei circumsporozoite protein was similar in overall structure to circumsporozoite proteins from other malaria species, although the central repeat region was unique in comprising two different blocks of tandem peptide repeats: 11 eight amino acid repeats with predominant sequence dpappnan were followed by 16 tw ... | 1987 | 3556207 |
| modifications of primaquine as antimalarials. 4. 5-alkoxy derivatives of primaquine. | thirty-two 5-alkoxyprimaquines have been synthesized and evaluated as blood schizonticides (plasmodium berghei, mouse) and tissue schizonticides (plasmodium cynomolgi, monkey). several of these compounds were extremely active in both screens. such a broad spectrum of antimalarial efficacy offers the possibility of a single drug that could cure the various relapsing and nonrelapsing malarias. | 1987 | 3599024 |
| antimalarial activity of new water-soluble dihydroartemisinin derivatives. | the usefulness of sodium artesunate (3), a water-soluble derivative of artemisinin (1), is impaired by its poor stability in aqueous solution. to overcome the ease of hydrolysis of the ester group in 3, a new series of derivatives of dihydroartemisinin (2) was prepared in which the solubilizing moiety, which contains a carboxylate group, is joined to dihydroartemisinin by an ether rather than an ester linkage. the new derivatives were prepared in good yield by treatment of dihydroartemisinin wit ... | 1987 | 3669021 |
| structurally distinct, stage-specific ribosomes occur in plasmodium. | two structurally distinct nuclear genes code for cytoplasmic small subunit ribosomal rna's in the parasite plasmodium berghei. stable transcripts from one of the ribosomal rna genes are found almost exclusively in those stages of the life cycle that develop in the mosquito. when the parasite infects the mammalian host, transcripts from the second gene become the predominant small subunit ribosomal rna species. | 1987 | 3672135 |
| functional drug targeting to erythrocytes in vivo using antibody bearing liposomes as drug vehicles. | covalent attachment of anti-erythrocyte f(ab')2 to the liposome surface has recently been shown to considerably enhance the liposome binding to erythrocytes in vivo. these antibody bearing liposomes have now been found quite effective as vehicles for delivering the antimalarial drug, chloroquine, to erythrocytes in plasmodium berghei-infected mice. this demonstrates the usefulness of antibody targeted liposomes as carriers for site-specific drug delivery. | 1987 | 3675583 |