| mycobacterial infection primes t cells and macrophages for enhanced recruitment of neutrophils. | c57bl/6 mice intraperitoneally infected with mycobacterium bovis bcg (substrain pasteur) recruited significantly higher numbers of neutrophils after an intraperitoneal inoculation of either bcg protein antigen or of endotoxin than uninfected control mice. antigen-induced neutrophil recruitment was mediated by t cells of both cd4+ and cd8+ phenotype and was also observed in the c5-deficient dba/2 mouse strain. the adoptive transfer of immune serum did not prime mice for enhanced antigen-mediated ... | 1992 | 1376352 |
| changes of host cell infiltration into meth a fibrosarcoma tumor during the course of regression induced by injections of a bcg nucleic acid fraction. | my-1, which consists of dna and rna extracted and purified from mycobacterium bovis strain bcg, causes the regression of various experimental syngeneic tumors when injected intratumorally. in order to identify the host cells involved in the antitumor mechanism(s) of my-1, we examined meth a tumors inoculated intradermally to balb/c mice, which were given multiple injections of my-1 following tumor inoculation. histological and immunohistochemical examinations were performed at several time point ... | 1992 | 1380950 |
| low response of balb/c macrophages to priming and activating signals. | trehalose dimycolate (tdm), a mycobacterial glycolipid, is a powerful macrophage-priming agent. however, its efficiency seems limited in the case of balb/c mice. peritoneal macrophages harvested from tdm-treated balb/c mice did not control bcg growth in vitro as efficiently as similar macrophages from two other mouse strains, (b6 x d2)f1 and c57bl/6, which are respectively bcgr and bcgs. balb/c macrophages elicited by tdm also exhibited a low capacity to produce hydrogen peroxide and, after acti ... | 1992 | 1381743 |
| the nucleotide sequence of the promoter, 16s rrna and spacer region of the ribosomal rna operon of mycobacterium tuberculosis and comparison with mycobacterium leprae precursor rrna. | mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv has a single rrn (ribosomal rna) operon. the operon was cloned and a region of 1536 nucleotides was sequenced, starting 621 bp upstream from the 5'-end of the 16s rrna coding region and continuing to the start of the 23s rrna coding region. the 16s rrna sequence inferred from the gene sequence was found to differ in one position from mycobacterium bovis (nucleotide 1443) and from mycobacterium microti (nucleotide 427). a single putative promoter was identified on ... | 1992 | 1382114 |
| purification of mpb70 and production of specific monoclonal antibodies. | mpb70 is a protein secreted into the culture filtrate of mycobacterium bovis bcg (substrain tokyo 172), which is able to induce a delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) skin reaction in guinea pigs immunized with bcg-tokyo. by high-pressure chromatofocusing and size-exclusion high performance liquid chromatography, a further purified mpb70 protein was obtained, which was visualized as a single band with a molecular mass of 22 kda by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. a series ... | 1992 | 1383126 |
| identification and characterization of epitopes shared between the mycobacterial 65-kilodalton heat shock protein and the actively secreted antigen 85 complex: their in situ expression on the cell wall surface of mycobacterium leprae. | both mycobacterial hsp65 and the actively secreted antigen 85 complex of 30-kda region proteins are considered to be major immune targets in mycobacterial diseases. in this study, by using a novel series of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed to these antigens, we identified and partially characterized three unique epitopes (rb2, pe12, and a2h11) that are shared between mycobacterial hsp65 and the individual components of the antigen 85 complex. dot blot assays with native purified proteins re ... | 1992 | 1383151 |
| the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis in uncultured clinical specimens using the polymerase chain reaction and a non-radioactive dna probe. | a sal i-hin diii restriction fragment from mycobacterium tuberculosis was found to hybridize specifically with genomic dna from m. tuberculosis. primers were designed from the sequence of this fragment and used to amplify uniquely m. tuberculosis-group dna in a polymerase chain reaction. it is suggested that a combination of these primers and an acetylaminofluorene-labelled probe will prove to be a useful tool for the early diagnosis of tuberculous infections. | 1992 | 1383698 |
| [antigenic response against ppd and antigen 60 in tubercular patients: single antigen versus the combined test]. | we analyze serum samples from 70 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 50 healthy individuals. the antigenic activity (igg) against protein purified antigen (ppd) and antigen 60 (a60) from m. tuberculosis. thirteen patients were also hiv infected, and three patients had aids defined by the presence of disseminated tuberculosis. the test using antigen alone showed a 77% sensitivity and 74% specificity when ppd is used. when a60 was used, both values improved (81% sensitivity, 94% specificity). ... | 1992 | 1390996 |
| mycobacterium bovis infection in a herd of japanese shika deer (cervus nippon). | | 1992 | 1391199 |
| relative persistence capacity of bcg substrains in mouse spleen. computerized statistical analysis. multiple comparison. | the relative persistence capacity in mouse spleen of 10 and 9 bcg substrains from liquid and dried vaccines, respectively, was evaluated in two studies. recoverable bcg colony counts from mouse spleen were determined at given days on solid medium in the two studies during a period of 1-360 and 1-345 days, respectively, after the intravenous bcg vaccination, performed with two different viable units. from 36,000 (study 1) and 21,600 (study 2) recoverable bcg colony counts, 180 and 108 mean relati ... | 1992 | 1393817 |
| level of serum antibodies to mycobacterial antigens in healthy czechs. | levels of igg antibodies to mycobacterium bovis bcg and m. avium antigens were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in samples of sera from 898 healthy adults aged greater than 40 years and 1170 children aged 1-6 years, selected at random in 10 districts of czechoslovakia. the median antibody titre to m. bovis bcg in adults ranged from 1:28 to 1:161.7 and that in children from 0 to 1:50. the mean titres of m. avium antigen ranged from 1:2 to 1:21 in adults and from 0 to 1:8 in c ... | 1992 | 1394775 |
| bcg therapy in superficial bladder tumours--complications and precautions. | bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) immunotherapy represents a valuable treatment in the management of superficial bladder cancer, but the therapy is not without its risks. a total of 220 patients have been included in a review of local and systemic side effects associated with bcg immunotherapy. the majority of side effects are mild and self limiting, but potentially life threatening complications can arise with bcg immunotherapy. these systemic side effects include pneumonitis/hepatitis and systemi ... | 1992 | 1396946 |
| bcg in superficial bladder cancer: a review of phase iii european trials. | shortly after morales' original report, several phase ii trials confirmed the effectiveness of intravesical bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) in superficial bladder cancer therapy. concerns have been expressed about the toxicity related to this new therapeutic modality. these phase ii trial data led european urologists to try to answer some questions related to bcg therapy, such as the optimal schedule and dose, the most effective bcg strain and the value of bcg compared with current chemotherapeut ... | 1992 | 1396947 |
| characterisation of a novel repetitive dna sequence from mycobacterium bovis. | we report characterisation of three copies of a novel repeat sequence isolated from a mycobacterium bovis genomic library. the repeat occurs within open reading frames, potentially encoding a conserved tandem array of a pentapeptide sequence with the consensus x-gly-asn-x-gly. the tandem array is present up to five times in m. bovis and it is proposed that they may occur in a family of genes expressing functionally related proteins. we postulate that these proteins may play a role in binding of ... | 1992 | 1398035 |
| mycobacterium leprae produces extracellular homologs of the antigen 85 complex. | the antigen 85 complex is a set of at least three closely related secreted proteins (85a, 85b, and 85c) of 30 to 32 kda produced by mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacteria. their prominence in mycobacterium leprae, the one obligate intracellular pathogen of the genus, had been assumed on the basis of immunological evidence and proof of the existence of the gene encoding the 85b protein of the complex. we have now observed the production of this family of proteins by m. leprae through a ... | 1992 | 1398959 |
| rapid generation of specific protective immunity to francisella tularensis. | mice inoculated either subcutaneously (s.c.) or intradermally (i.d.) with a sublethal dose of francisella tularensis lvs are immune to a lethal intraperitoneal (i.p.) or intravenous (i.v.) challenge of lvs. here, we show that this immunity developed quite rapidly: mice given a sublethal dose of live lvs s.c. or i.d. (but not i.v.) withstood lethal i.p., i.v., or i.d. challenge as early as 2 days after the initial inoculation, despite the presence of bacterial burdens already in tissues. the magn ... | 1992 | 1398969 |
| origins of bcg surface charge: effect of ionic strength and chemical modifications on zeta potential of mycobacterium bovis bcg, tice substrain, cells. | the zeta potential of washed tice substrain bcg organisms was measured over a range of ionic strengths from i = 0.005 to 0.1 m. no change in the isoelectric point of 3.4-3.7 was evident. proteolytic enzymes (trypsin/chymotrypsin, pepsin, papain and pronase) and fluorodinitrobenzene abolished the cationic charge, suggesting that this is substantially due to amino groups associated with protein. neither hot hci nor cold trichloroacetic acid affected the charge, indicating that ionic groups are not ... | 1992 | 1406339 |
| molecular cloning, characterization and purification of ornithine carbamoyltransferase from mycobacterium bovis bcg. | a genomic library of mycobacterium bovis bcg has been constructed by cloning dna partially digested with sau3a into the escherichia coli expression vector pas1. the gene coding for ornithine carbamoyl-transferase (ec.2.1.3.3; otcase), hereafter referred to as argf, was isolated from the library by complementation of a double argf-argi mutant of e. coli and its sequence was determined. the translation initiation codon used, gtg, was identified by comparing the amino acid sequence deduced from the ... | 1992 | 1406593 |
| a new glycolipid from mycobacterium avium--mycobacterium intracellulare complex. | from a nonpolar lipid fraction of mycobacterium avium--mycobacterium intracellulare complex cell mass, a new glycolipid was obtained, which was shown to be 5-mycoloyl-beta-arabinofuranosyl-(1-->2)-5-mycoloyl-alpha-ar abinofuranosyl- (1-->1')-glycerol. when examined by tlc, all the 12 strains of this species tested, including clinical isolates, were found to contain this glycolipid. but the glycolipid was not detected in mycobacterium bovis bcg or mycobacterium tubrculosis h37rv. | 1992 | 1420348 |
| rhinoceros' rhinorrhea: cause of an outbreak of infection due to airborne mycobacterium bovis in zookeepers. | seven of 24 zookeepers exposed to a southern white rhinoceros infected with mycobacterium bovis were presumably infected via aerosols generated in the cleaning of the barn for the rhinoceros. all demonstrated conversion by the intermediate-strength purified-protein-derivative skin test, but none had clinical illness. in certain occupational settings like zoos and abattoirs, exposure to m. bovis may be an occupational hazard, and routine periodic tuberculin screening should be performed. | 1992 | 1420672 |
| circulating antibodies to heat-shock protein 60 in crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. | heat-shock proteins (hsps) are highly conserved immunogenic intracellular molecules that are induced by inflammatory mediators and may induce autoimmune phenomena in vivo. we have recently demonstrated the increased expression of hsp-60 in the colonocytes of patients with ulcerative colitis. to study further the role of hsp-60 in inflammatory bowel disease, we have now measured antibodies to recombinant mycobacterial hsp-65 (a member of the hsp-60 family) in patients with crohn's disease, ulcera ... | 1992 | 1424286 |
| nitric oxide-mediated cytostatic activity on trypanosoma brucei gambiense and trypanosoma brucei brucei. | macrophages collected from bcg-infected mice or exposed in vitro to interferon-gamma plus lipopolysaccharide developed a cytostatic activity on trypanosoma brucei gambiense and trypanosoma brucei brucei. this trypanostatic activity of activated macrophages was inhibited by addition of n-monomethyl-l-arginine, an inhibitor of the l-arginine-nitric oxide (no) metabolic pathway, indicating a role for no as the effector molecule. contrary to trypanosomes treated with n2gas, trypanosomes treated with ... | 1992 | 1426137 |
| serological response of tuberculosis patients to antigen 60 of bcg. | two elisa tests (igg and igm) for the serodiagnosis of tuberculosis, both based on antigen 60 (a60) of m. bovis bcg, were applied to 1,644 controls and patients to analyse the immune response in different forms of this infectious disease. out of 200 healthy individuals, 148 being tuberculin--positive bcg-vaccinated adults, only 10 contacts--nurses of the pneumology department and laboratory technicians of the mycobacterial laboratory--were found positive for anti-a60 igg. one quarter of hospital ... | 1992 | 1426166 |
| standardized viability test required for preventive, immunomodulator and recombinant bcg vaccine. | the protective and immunostimulating effect of the living attenuated bcg vaccine cannot be expressed by bacterial mass (mg/dose). colony forming units (cfu 10(6)/ml) and 95% confidence limit estimates as precise in vitro potency tests are required for the exact evaluation of the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of the bcg vaccine. the laboratory technique and computerized statistical analysis presented here ensure the precision and validity of the bcg viability test, permit the standardized bcg ... | 1992 | 1426664 |
| stability of bcg vaccine (intravesical) theracys/bcg therapeutic immucyst and its importance in clinical efficacy. | the manufacture of therapeutic bcg can and should be a controlled process, to ensure adequate treatment doses are received by cis patients. standardization of production methods and cfu potency testing methods are essential to ensure continued successful treatment of cis. stability data can be used to validate assumptions about therapeutic bcg potency used in clinical trials. accelerated heat degradation studies of therapeutic bcg should not be used for predictions of shelf life, but can be used ... | 1992 | 1426665 |
| standardization of bcg multiple puncture 40 mg and bcg live (intravesical) theracys/bcg therapeutic immucyst. | | 1992 | 1426666 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of the gene encoding an nadp-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase in mycobacterium bovis bcg. | the nucleotide sequence of a 1619-bp fragment of mycobacterium bovis bcg containing the gene that encodes an alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) has been determined. the m(r) calculated from the deduced amino acid (aa) sequence, as well as the n terminus, are in good accordance with those determined for the adh purified from m. bovis bcg extracts. the m. bovis bcg cloned adh gene was expressed in escherichia coli by its own promoter and the synthesized product shows adh activity in the butane-1-ol-nadp ... | 1992 | 1427101 |
| limiting dilution analysis in leprosy. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbm) obtained from leprosy patients and healthy controls were cultured with mycobacterium leprae and the control antigens, bcg and sksd. parallel cultures were supplemented with additional interleukin-2 (il-2). on the basis of the level of response to m. leprae, leprosy patients could be divided into low, intermediate and high responders. the addition of il-2 resulted in enhanced proliferation to antigen only by cells from intermediate responders. this effect ... | 1992 | 1427986 |
| bacteriological survey of tuberculous lymphadenitis in southeast england, 1981-1989. | the aim was to detect any changing trends in the nature and incidence of tuberculous lymphadenitis in southeast england and to determine whether there is any evidence for an increase in this disease that could be related to hiv infection. | 1992 | 1431701 |
| impaired immune response by isoniazid treatment during intravesical bcg administration in the guinea pig. | at present, isoniazid (inh) is being used prophylactically to reduce the side effects of intravesical bcg therapy for superficial bladder cancer, although it is not clear whether or not this reduces the antitumor efficacy of bcg. in this study the impact of inh treatment on the immune response after repeated intravesical bcg administration was investigated in guinea pigs. inh was given on the 3 days around each bcg instillation. we found that the administration of inh severely impaired the immun ... | 1992 | 1433571 |
| detection and identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis, m. bovis/bcg, and m. avium by two-step polymerase chain reaction. comparison with elisa using a60 antigen. | we propose a rapid two-step pcr to amplify a 767-bp sequence present in the gene coding for the 65-kd antigen of mycobacteria. the high g+c content (80%) permitted annealing to occur at 70 degrees c, enhancing the specificity. the amplified fragment contains a restriction site for differentiation between m. tuberculosis, m. bovis/bcg, and m. avium. complete diagnosis can be achieved in less than four hours without labelled probe or nucleic acid transfer. | 1992 | 1435347 |
| isoelectrophoretic characterization of protein antigens present in mycobacterial culture filtrates and recognized by monoclonal antibodies directed against the mycobacterium bovis bcg antigen 85 complex. | nine monoclonal antibodies (moabs) were produced against mycobacterium bovis bcg antigen 85 complex. using isoelectric focusing combined with western (immunoblot) blot analysis, antigenically related proteins could be identified in culture filtrates from m. tuberculosis, m. bovis, m. kansasii, m. avium, m. xenopi, m. gordonae, m. fortuitum, m. phlei and m. smegmatis. most of the moabs were found to be broadly cross-reactive between the various mycobacterial species, albeit some minor differences ... | 1992 | 1439581 |
| the role of bcg/ppd-activated macrophages in resistance against systemic candidiasis in mice. | the main conclusions of this study are that bcg/ppd-activated macrophages, in contrast to macrophages from control mice, exhibit an increased pma-induced production of h2o2, kill about one-third of the phagocytosed candida albicans, and cause more than 50% inhibition of the intracellular formation of germ tubes by c. albicans. peritoneal macrophages from mice that were colonized post-natally with c. albicans do not show increased production of h2o2 upon stimulation with pma and the intracellular ... | 1992 | 1439583 |
| isolation of mycobacterium bovis from the respiratory tracts of skin test-negative cattle. | mycobacterium bovis was isolated from the respiratory tracts of three cattle which registered negative to tuberculin testing; no tuberculous lesions were found and the culture of lymph nodes and other tissues proved negative. one animal was from a group of five calves which had been inoculated intranasally with m bovis, and the organism was recovered once only from nasal mucus sampled 100 days after inoculation. the second animal had had contact with experimentally infected cattle which were exc ... | 1992 | 1441161 |
| miliary mycobacterium bovis induced by intravesical bacille calmette-guérin immunotherapy. | intravesical instillation of bacille calmette-guérin (bcg), an attenuated strain of mycobacterium bovis, is the treatment of choice for many patients with bladder cancer. in a small percentage, this therapy is associated with systemic side effects including pneumonitis. it is uncertain whether these systemic manifestations are due to dissemination of infection or due to hypersensitivity, an etiologic distinction that has important therapeutic implications. we report the first case in which milia ... | 1992 | 1443892 |
| the arginine-dependent cytolytic mechanism plays a role in destruction of naegleria fowleri amoebae by activated macrophages. | mouse peritoneal macrophages activated by different immunomodulators (mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin or propionibacterium acnes) destroy naegleria fowleri amoebae by a contact-dependent process and by soluble cytolytic molecules secreted by macrophages in response to lipopolysaccharide. the goal of this study was to determine whether the arginine-dependent cytolytic mechanism which results in the production of nitric oxide from arginine by activated macrophages destroys the amoebae ... | 1992 | 1452346 |
| encystation of giardia lamblia leads to expression of antigens recognized by antibodies against conserved heat shock proteins. | during in vitro encystation, giardia lamblia expresses several stage-specific proteins which are recognized in immunoblots by antisera raised against antigens from three different pathogens. the antigens belong to two different families of conserved stress proteins: (i) hsp60 purified from legionella pneumophila and recombinant hsp60 from mycobacterium bovis bcg and (ii) recombinant hsp70 from plasmodium falciparum. | 1992 | 1452366 |
| zoonotic tuberculosis in latin america. | | 1992 | 1452723 |
| mycobacterium bovis infection in north american elk (cervus elaphus). | a naturally occurring outbreak of mycobacterium bovis infection in captive wild elk (wapiti) in montana was confirmed by mycobacteriologic examination. twenty-eight of 143 elk responded to m. bovis purified protein derivative (ppd) tuberculin injected intradermally in the cervical region (sct). the results of comparative cervical tuberculin skin tests conducted within 9 days of sct revealed greater responses to m. bovis ppd tuberculin than to m. avium ppd tuberculin in 23 of 28 elk responding. a ... | 1992 | 1457545 |
| gross and microscopic lesions of naturally occurring tuberculosis in a captive herd of wapiti (cervus elaphus nelsoni) in colorado. | a mycobacterium bovis-infected herd of captive wapiti (cervus elaphus nelsoni) in colorado was depopulated after lesions of bovine tuberculosis were confirmed in 8 of 10 tuberculin skin test reactors. of the 43 animals > 1 year of age, 26 had gross lesions suggestive of tuberculosis, 24 had microscopic lesions of tuberculosis, and 23 had acid-fast bacilli associated with the lesions. lungs and retropharyngeal lymph nodes were the most frequently affected sites. most lesions grossly and microscop ... | 1992 | 1457546 |
| pulsed field gel electrophoresis of representatives of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis bcg strains. | using field inversion gel electrophoresis (fige), different mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, such as phage prototypes, exhibit different dna restriction patterns which are easy to compare. virulent and avirulent variants of m. tuberculosis h37, as well as daughter strains of m. bovis bcg, display characteristic dna profiles. bcg strains isolated from suppurative adenitis following vaccination of french patients showed patterns identical to the bcg pasteur strain used for vaccination. these re ... | 1992 | 1459403 |
| bcg test in diagnosis of tuberculosis. | | 1992 | 1459714 |
| [a system of methods of tuberculosis immunodiagnosis based on the use of antigenic preparations isolated from bcg mycobacteria]. | the antigenic composition, immunochemical properties and immunogenicity of the antigenic complexes isolated from bcg mycobacteria were studied. a system of sensitive and specific measures of tuberculosis immunodiagnosis has been developed on the basis of specific antigens and antibodies. the informative value of these methods considerably exceeded the previously used test-systems based on the commercial tuberculin. | 1992 | 1461902 |
| mycobacterium bovis (bcg) vaccination. | | 1992 | 1463503 |
| immunoscintigraphy in the detection of tuberculosis with radiolabelled antibody fragment against mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin: a preliminary study in a rabbit model. | immunoscintigraphy with radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies is widely used to detect solid tumours, but only a few trials have been carried out concerning the specific in vivo localization of an inflammatory process. the purpose of this study was to investigate the detectability of tuberculous foci utilizing this method with radiolabelled bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg)-specific f(ab')2 in rabbits. all of the tuberculous lesions (n = 8) were clearly visualized on serial scintigraphy for up to 48 ... | 1992 | 1464353 |
| major histocompatibility complex class i-restricted t cells are required for resistance to mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. | mice with a targeted disruption in the beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) gene, which lack major histocompatibility complex class i molecules and consequently fail to develop functional cd8 t cells, provided a useful model for assessing the role of class i-restricted t cells in resistance to infection with virulent mycobacterium tuberculosis. of mutant beta 2m-/-mice infected with virulent 10(6) m. tuberculosis, 70% were dead or moribund after 6 weeks, while all control mice expressing the beta 2m g ... | 1992 | 1465432 |
| unusual spinal tuberculosis after adequate chemotherapy for lymph node tuberculosis in an immunocompetent man. | a 35 year old man developed paraplegia due to an epidural mass 15 months after completion of a full chemotherapy course for pulmonary and lymph node mycobacterium bovis infection. his cellular immune function was normal after treatment. it is suggested that the lesion was a granulomatous healing response rather than bacteriological recurrence. | 1992 | 1465762 |
| a strategy to improve the efficacy of vaccination against tuberculosis and leprosy. | the pathogens responsible for leprosy, tuberculosis and the leishmaniases can induce different classes of immunity, but protection is provided only by a cell-mediated response. here, peter bretscher proposes a strategy to achieve an immunological imprint that ensures a stable cell-mediated response upon natural infection. | 1992 | 1466750 |
| effect of blocking tnf-alpha on intracellular bcg (bacillus calmette guerin) growth in human monocyte-derived macrophages. | four agents, thalidomide, oxpentifylline, dexamethasone and a polyclonal anti-tnf-alpha antibody, were all shown by specific elisa to block endogenous tnf-alpha production by bacillus calmette guerin (bcg)-infected human monocyte-derived macrophages in in vitro culture. there was however no significant enhancement of intracellular bcg growth, over a 7-day incubation, in human monocyte-derived macrophages in the presence of any of the tnf-alpha-blocking agents, as determined by both radiometric a ... | 1992 | 1466907 |
| a comparison of the different methods available for determining bcg-macrophage interactions in vitro, including a new method of colony counting in broth. | different methods of determining bcg viability based on colony forming unit (cfu) counting and radio-isotope labelling were comparatively assessed. these included radio-isotope labelling with [3h]uracil, [3h]uridine, [3h]glycerol, and cfu counting, by both agar plate dilution, and microcolony counting in broth. the sensitivity ranges of the different techniques were determined in both macrophage-free and macrophage-treated systems and used to assess the anti-mycobacterial potential of human mono ... | 1992 | 1466909 |
| development and analysis of recombinant bcg vector systems. | | 1992 | 1466980 |
| intravesical bcg therapy: a potential hazard for medical staff. | | 1992 | 1467870 |
| rapid detection of tuberculous and non-tuberculous mycobacteria by polymerase chain reaction amplification of a 162 bp dna fragment from antigen 85. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed for detection of mycobacteria using amplification of a 162 bp region of the genes coding for the mycobacterial antigen 85 complex. strains belonging to the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex were further differentiated from non-tuberculous mycobacteria by hybridization of the pcr derived southern blot with an internal oligonucleotide probe and washing under stringent conditions. the method allowed rapid and sensitive detection of mycobacteria ... | 1992 | 1468418 |
| hazards of vaccine production. | | 1992 | 1478477 |
| antibodies to 65 kda and 70 kda heat shock proteins in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. | to test the potential role of autoimmunity to the highly conserved heat shock proteins (hsp) in immune arthritides, the sera from 99 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra), 48 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) and 65 normal controls were examined by elisa for igg and igm antibodies to the 65 kda and 70 kda heat shock proteins from mycobacterium bovis (bacille calmette-guerin; bcg). in ra sera there are significant numbers of individuals with increased igm anti-65 kda and anti-bcg ... | 1992 | 1478694 |
| the antigen 85 complex: a major secretion product of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the large number of different proteins synthesized by the mycobacterial cell are currently classified and studied in terms of groups of proteins with certain common properties such as physical and chemical characteristics, function, and localization in the mycobacterial cell. proteins that are actively secreted during culture on synthetic media represent a particular group of great current interest. at least eight proteins secreted by mycobacterium tuberculosis have been isolated and characteriz ... | 1992 | 1480113 |
| national survey of notifications of tuberculosis in england and wales in 1988. medical research council cardiothoracic epidemiology group. | a survey was undertaken to determine the distribution of tuberculosis in england and wales and, by comparison with the findings of similar surveys in 1978-9 and 1983, to study trends in the incidence of the disease by ethnic group over the decade. | 1992 | 1481174 |
| the effect of bcg on thoracic duct lymphocytes. | adoptive immunotherapy is becoming increasingly more important in the management of advanced malignancies. this report describes the results of immunomodulation therapy with bcg in the dunning tumor. in addition it describes new techniques in the harvesting of lymphocytes. thoracic duct lymphocytes from 34 rats were evaluated for the effect of the presence of the dunning r-3327 at-3 tumor as well as for the response to bacillus calmette guerin (bcg). both tumor and bcg resulted in significant ch ... | 1992 | 1487319 |
| [effect of plasmapheresis on the course of experimental tuberculosis and the tolerance of chemotherapy by patients with renal tuberculosis]. | a plasmapheresis (pa) model was developed to be used in chronic rabbit experiments. test results obtained in 96 generalized tuberculosis animals demonstrated a more benign tuberculosis process in animals subjected to plasmapheresis, which was confirmed by parameters of the coefficients of mass and indices of animals' organ affecting, findings of the cation-lysosomal test and peptide molecules content in the peripheral blood. rabbit studies involving registration of bromsulphalein half-life, hepa ... | 1992 | 1488445 |
| t-lymphocyte reactivity to the recombinant mycobacterial 65- and 70-kda heat shock proteins in multiple sclerosis. | owing to their conservation and immunogenicity, heat shock proteins (hsps) represent a class of potential autoantigens. moreover, they could be targets for gamma delta t lymphocytes, which are prominent in various immune disorders. we studied the t cell proliferative primary responses to recombinant m. bovis 65 kda hsp (hsp65) and m. tuberculosis 70 kda hsp (hsp70) in 31 patients with multiple sclerosis (ms), 19 patients with other neurological diseases (ond) and 19 healthy individuals. positive ... | 1992 | 1489484 |
| [serological diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis using elisa and the a60 antigen]. | study of the utility of a serologic technic in the clinic diagnostic of the pulmonary tuberculosis. | 1992 | 1498168 |
| [effect of chemotherapy on the antibody response to a60 antigen]. | study of the serologic response in two groups of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: with and without treatment. | 1992 | 1498170 |
| mycobacterium bovis in england and wales: past, present and future. | this report reviews the literature concerning tuberculosis resulting from infection with mycobacterium bovis in man and cattle and summarises data derived from surveillance of m. bovis in england and wales from 1986 to 1990. of the 228 isolates of m. bovis examined in this period, 122 (53%) were from patients aged over 60 years and are largely the result of reactivation of infection acquired prior to the institution of control measures. however, eight isolates (3.5%) were from patients aged less ... | 1992 | 1499671 |
| the dynamics and control of bovine tuberculosis in possums. | a model for the dynamics of an infectious disease in a wild animal population is analysed. the model incorporates susceptible, infected but not infectious, and infectious classes, with no recovery from disease, density-dependent regulation of host birth and death rates, and pseudo-vertical transmission. the existence and local stability of equilibrium levels are determined. expressions for the intensity of three alternative control measures - the culling, sterilization, and vaccination of host a ... | 1992 | 1500800 |
| hydrocortisone treatment of bcg-infected mice impairs the activation and enhancement of antimicrobial activity of peritoneal macrophages. | the present study concerns the effect of hydrocortisone (hc) on the effector functions of bacillus calmette guerin-purified protein derivative (bcg-ppd)-activated macrophages. such activated macrophages release greater amounts of h2o2 and no2-, inhibit the intracellular proliferation of t. gondii and kill l. monocytogenes more efficiently than resident macrophages. this activation was not fully expressed by macrophages from bcg-activated mice that had received a subcutaneous injection of hc 2 da ... | 1992 | 1502497 |
| a family of cross-reacting proteins secreted by mycobacterium tuberculosis. | cross-reactions between five proteins actively secreted by mycobacterium tuberculosis were studied by crossed immunoelectrophoresis, sds-page with immunoblotting, and elisa using polyclonal rabbit antisera and mouse monoclonal antibodies to the purified proteins. the monoclonal antibody hbt4 was demonstrated to react with the mpt51 protein. the 85a, 85b and 85c constituents of the m. tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis bcg antigen 85 complex cross-react extensively, each of the components conta ... | 1992 | 1502498 |
| [tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium bovis: apropos of 2 cases]. | infection by mycobacterium bovis is currently a rare form of tuberculosis in developed countries, being its incidence lower than 1%. its main mechanism of transmission is through the ingestion of contaminated milk. in this paper, two cases of tuberculosis by mycobacterium bovis are described, one of lymphatic location by endogenous reactivation and another of pulmonary location, probably by a primary infection acquired through the inhalation route. we stress the risk of transmission of the disea ... | 1992 | 1504206 |
| rapid mycobacterial plasmid analysis by electroduction between mycobacterium spp. and escherichia coli. | | 1992 | 1508702 |
| tuberculosis in the west of ireland 1986-1990. | a review of mycobacteria isolated from clinical samples from the western health board area (whba) for the years 1986 to 1990 was performed to establish the pattern of mycobacterial infection. the incidence of microbiologically proven cases of tuberculosis (13.3/100,000) and of sputum smear positive cases (6.2/100,000) was determined and correlated with notification data. m. bovis accounts for 6.3% of cases of microbiologically confirmed tuberculosis in this area. resistance to one or more of the ... | 1992 | 1517059 |
| occurrence of suppurative lymphadenitis after a change of bcg vaccine. | bcg vaccines are the oldest vaccines in use today, but the protective effect of the vaccination is still controversial. the risk of contracting tuberculosis is low compared with the possible complications after this vaccination. in austria the formerly used bcg vaccine was not available in the required amount and another vaccine was released by the drug authorities. this product, with a more virulent strain, was used between august and december 1990, and this increased the incidence of complicat ... | 1992 | 1519963 |
| human phagocyte respiratory burst by mycobacterium bovis bcg and m. leprae: functional activation by bcg is mediated by complement and its receptors on monocytes. | we have measured the role of serum components on two parameters of the phagocytosis reaction: a) the chemiluminescence (cl) response associated with the oxidative respiratory burst in response to mycobacterium bovis bcg and m. leprae, and b) the uptake of these two mycobacteria by healthy human monocytes. pre-incubations of fresh or heat-inactivated serum or serum containing egta or edta indicate that these two mycobacteria activate the alternative complement pathway. monoclonal antibodies again ... | 1992 | 1522364 |
| macrophage inflammatory proteins mip-1 and mip-2 are involved in t cell-mediated neutrophil recruitment. | mice intraperitoneally (i.p.) infected with mycobacterium bovis bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) respond to an i.p. challenge with mycobacterial antigen with an acute and extensive accumulation of neutrophils. this influx was not mimicked by the inoculation of recombinant interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha). the antigen-induced recruitment of neutrophils was not affected by coinoculation of anti-ifn-gamma antibodies, was enhanced by anti-tnf-alpha antisera, and w ... | 1992 | 1522389 |
| a study on viability of mycobacteria after treating them with complement system. | the effect of complement system on viability of mycobacteria (mycobacterium vaccae and mycobacterium bovis-bcg, as models) was studied by using 3h-uracil uptake method. the results showed no killing effect on these mycobacteria. pretreatment of these mycobacteria with antimycobacterial antibodies also did not result in making them susceptible to complement. these observations were confirmed electronmicroscopically where no ultrastructural changes indicative of cell destruction were seen after tr ... | 1992 | 1523963 |
| molecular cloning and sequencing of the gene for mycocerosic acid synthase, a novel fatty acid elongating multifunctional enzyme, from mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis bacillus calmette-guerin. | mycocerosyl lipids are found uniquely in the cell walls of pathogenic mycobacteria. mycocerosic acid synthase (mas) is a multifunctional protein which catalyzes elongation of n-fatty acyl-coa with methylamalonyl-coa as the elongating agent (rainwater, d. l., and kolattukudy, p. e. (1985) j. biol. chem. 260, 616-623). to understand how the various domains that catalyze the reactions involved in chain elongation are organized, mas gene from mycobacterium tuberculosis bovis bcg was cloned. a lambda ... | 1992 | 1527058 |
| an escherichia coli-mycobacterium shuttle cosmid vector, pmsc1. | a shuttle cosmid vector, pmsc1, has been constructed which replicates in escherichia coli and mycobacterium smegmatis. the vector was mainly derived from the lambda ori cosmid, lawrist4, and the mycobacterium fortuitum cryptic plasmid, pal5000, which replicates in m. smegmatis and mycobacterium bovis bcg. the vector contains two cos sites which facilitates library construction, unique bamhi and hindiii sites for cloning, and a kanamycin-resistance-encoding gene for selection in mycobacteria. aft ... | 1992 | 1531970 |
| modulation of expression of delayed hypersensitivity by mycobacterial antigen 85 fibronectin-binding proteins. | although demonstration of delayed hypersensitivity to purified protein derivative of tuberculin (ppd) is an important element in the diagnosis of infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis, many patients with tuberculosis are anergic. several possible mechanisms for this specific lack of response have been described. we have now uncovered an additional one. t-cell fibronectin (fn), a lymphokine secreted by activated t cells, is closely associated with the initiation of delayed hypersensitivity re ... | 1992 | 1534074 |
| il-4 plays a dominant role in the differential development of tho into th1 and th2 cells. | we have analyzed the evolution of the pattern of lymphokine secretion by th cell lines specific for either the synthetic terpolymer glu60ala30tyr10 (gat) or killed bacillus calmette guérin. when cultured in the presence of exogenous ril-2 as a growth factor, gat-specific th cell lines secreted mainly il-4, whereas bacillus calmette guérin-specific lines produced predominantly il-2. however, culturing in the presence of ril-4 or of anti-il-4 mab and ril-2 led to the establishment of th2-like and ... | 1992 | 1534825 |
| effect of local ultraviolet irradiation on infections of mice with candida albicans, mycobacterium bovis bcg, and schistosoma mansoni. | in this study, we investigated whether mice given ultraviolet (uv)-b (280-320 nm) radiation in doses sufficient to alter cutaneous immune cells and impair the induction of contact hypersensitivity would also have impaired resistance to infectious agents administered at the site of uv irradiation. c3h mice were exposed to 400 j/m2 uvr from fs40 sunlamps on four consecutive days. immediately after the last uv treatment, groups of mice were injected subcutaneously with candida albicans, injected in ... | 1992 | 1535091 |
| urothelial injury and clotting cascade activation: common denominators in particulate adherence to urothelial surfaces. | | 1992 | 1538425 |
| the variable c-terminal region of the mycobacterium leprae 70-kilodalton heat shock protein is the target for humoral immune responses. | the 70-kda heat shock protein of mycobacterium leprae has a high degree of homology with the human hsp70 protein, yet it still elicits t-lymphocyte responses in subjects infected with m. leprae or vaccinated with the related mycobacterium bovis bcg. we examined the serological responses to this protein by using recombinant protein fragments expressed from mutants with deletions of the m. leprae p70 gene. monoclonal antibodies raised against either m. bovis or m. leprae p70 reacted with the c-ter ... | 1992 | 1541533 |
| tnf-alpha failed to reverse the m. leprae-induced defective chemiluminescence response of human mononuclear cells. | the effect of phagocyte activation by tnf-alpha on the ability to trigger a chemiluminescence (cl) response, associated with the release of oxidizing species was evaluated in healthy human mononuclear cells in the presence of mycobacterium leprae. recombinant tnf-alpha (r-tnf-alpha) increased the cl response of unstimulated m. bovis bcg- and pma-stimulated cells but did not reverse the m. leprae defective activation of the human phagocyte oxidative burst. m. leprae was less well phagocytosed tha ... | 1992 | 1547026 |
| induction of major histocompatibility complex class ii glycoproteins by interferon-gamma: attenuation of the effects of restraint stress. | the effect of restraint on the activation of macrophages was evaluated based on the induction of i-a expression following injection of viable mycobacterium bovis (strain bcg) or treatment in vitro with recombinant interferon-gamma (rifn-gamma). we found that restraint suppressed the induction of i-a expression when applied just prior to or at the same time as the injection of the microorganisms but had no effect if applied after the injection of the mycobacteria. the effect of stress was attenua ... | 1992 | 1548375 |
| role of tnf in resistance to bacteria. | | 1992 | 1550868 |
| identification of expression signals of the mycobacteriophages bxb1, l1 and tm4 using the escherichia-mycobacterium shuttle plasmids pyub75 and pyub76 designed to create translational fusions to the lacz gene. | mycobacterial expression signals were cloned using specially constructed gene fusion shuttle plasmid probes carrying a truncated escherichia coli lacz (beta-galactosidase) gene which lacked a promoter, a ribosome binding site, and an atg start codon. libraries of mycobacteriophage bxb1, l1 and tm4 dnas were constructed, and introduced by electroporation into mycobacterium smegmatis and the 'bacille calmette-guérin' (bcg). clones carrying mycobacterial expression sequences were detected by their ... | 1992 | 1556552 |
| antimycobacterial activity of a series of pyrazinoic acid esters. | a series of pyrazinoic acid esters has been prepared and evaluated for in vitro antimycobacterial activity. several of the pyrazinoate esters have substantially better activity than the first-line antituberculous agent pyrazinamide against susceptible isolates of mycobacterium turberculosis as well as activity against pyrazinamide-resistant isolates. the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) were lower for each organism and at each ph than the mics for pyrazinamide. the esters have activity a ... | 1992 | 1560435 |
| mycobacterial brain abscess possibly due to bacille calmette-guérin in an immunocompromised child. | disseminated infection with bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) is rare, even in immunocompromised patients who receive bcg injections as immunotherapy or immunization. when such infection occurs, it is usually in patients with decreased cellular immunity. a 6-year-old caucasian girl who was receiving maintenance chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia presented with symptoms of meningitis. a temporal-lobe biopsy revealed acid-fast bacilli that were identified as mycobacterium bovis bcg. neither ... | 1992 | 1562657 |
| immunization of mice with the antigen a60 of mycobacterium bovis bcg. | antigen 60 (a60) is a thermostable component of the cytoplasm of mycobacterium tuberculosis and bcg which can be fractionated into at least 15 protein bands when analysed by western blot. normal b6d2 mice were immunized subcutaneously with 20 micrograms of the a60 protein suspended in freund's incomplete adjuvant (fia) or in saline. three weeks later the mice received a second dose of vaccine followed 2 weeks later by an aerogenic challenge with approximately 10(3) cfu of m. tuberculosis erdman. ... | 1992 | 1563099 |
| detection of mycobacterial antigens in sputum by an enzyme immunoassay. | an enzyme immunoassay (eia) for the detection of mycobacterial antigens in sputum was evaluated. the system utilises commercially available anti-bcg immunoglobulin. bcg protein standard was used as positive control. thirty-nine patients with culture-proven pulmonary tuberculosis were tested. the eia was positive in 24 of 29 patients with positive smears and cultures, giving a sensitivity of 86.2%. it was also positive in six of ten patients with smear-negative culture-positive disease, resulting ... | 1992 | 1563387 |
| identification and purification of a cpn60 heat shock protein homolog from helicobacter pylori. | helicobacter pylori is associated with gastritis and peptic ulcer disease in humans. we have identified a homolog of the chaperonin cpn60 family of heat shock proteins in h. pylori, referred to as hp54k. hp54k, purified from water-extractable h. pylori proteins, migrated as a single band at 54 kda by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. its native molecular mass was 740 kda; thus, hp54k apparently comprises a 14-mer. the n-terminal 33 residues of hp54k exhibited 60.6, 57.6, ... | 1992 | 1563786 |
| soluble cd4 suppress the antigen driven proliferative response of certain t cell clones specific for mycobacteria and for peptides by mycobacterial heat shock proteins. | we have investigated the effect of soluble recombinant cd4 (scd4) on the antigen specific (bcg, peptides of mycobacterial 65 kda hsp) responses of t cell lines of t cell clones. the majority of the antigen specific clones could be suppressed in their antigen driven response by the addition of scd4, while others, including the parental polyclonal t cell line, were not. the suppression of the specific t cell response was reversed by the addition of anti-cd3, did not affect the proliferative respon ... | 1992 | 1567792 |
| time and dose dependent effect of indomethacin on bcg induced pmn migration in mice. | the effect of three doses of indomethacin (indo) on bcg-induced pmn migration at different times of day was studied in swiss mice kept on a lighting regimen of ld 12:12, with l from 07:00 to 19:00. experimental granulomas were induced by subcutaneous implantation of bcg-impregnated cell traps for a time span of 480 min. doses of 1, 3 and 9 mg/kg of indo were given orally one hour before trap implantation, at 01:00, 05:00, 09:00, 13:00, 17:00 and 21:00 hr. in sham animals, the maximal pmn count o ... | 1992 | 1569832 |
| serodiagnosis and follow up of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a new elisa assay based on antigen a60 from m. bovis bcg was used to quantitate specific anti-mycobacterial antibodies in 250 sera from 133 subjects: 90 tuberculosis cases and 43 controls. controls were all negative, suggesting the specificity of this assay. in subjects with secondary pulmonary tuberculosis, a correlation was observed between the anti-mycobacterial antibody titer and culture positivity. in fact, positive elisa assays were found in 88.8% of patients with positive cultures for m. ... | 1992 | 1572435 |
| antibody to a 63 kilodalton insect protein in ankylosing spondylitis. | ankylosing spondylitis (as) is associated with antibodies to a heat shock puff on drosophila chromosomes. this observation was investigated by immunoblotting using extracts of the schneider insect cell line and hela cells, before and after heat shock. an insect protein of 63 kilodaltons (but no equivalent human protein) was recognised by 21 (46%) of 46 serum samples from patients with as, one of two patients with reiter's syndrome, four (7%) of 60 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, and ... | 1992 | 1575576 |
| delayed type hypersensitivity (dth): quantitative studies of mycobacteria-induced destructive and non-destructive dth-reactions in the skin of guinea pigs. | research on delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) to facultative intracellular bacteria in guinea pigs focused especially on intracutaneous dth reactions. however, phenomena of erythematous and necrotic skin reactions were only evaluated qualitatively, dose-response relationships not investigated, differences between early and late reactions overlooked and the development of unspecific skin necrosis ignored. in this work, these aspects were investigated by characterisation of dth-mediated reaction ... | 1992 | 1576409 |
| peptide recognition, t cell receptor usage and hla restriction elements of human heat-shock protein (hsp) 60 and mycobacterial 65-kda hsp-reactive t cell clones from rheumatoid synovial fluid. | a commonly held postulate regarding the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is that of antigenic mimicry. recent interest has focused on the mycobacterial 65-kda heat-shock protein (hsp) as a putative causal agent. the 65-kda hsp has over 40% sequence homology with the human hsp 60, and elevated synovial t cell responses to both antigens have been demonstrated in ra and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis patients. such t cells should, therefore, be specific for shared epitopes on the two antigens. ... | 1992 | 1577070 |
| radioimmunoscintigraphic approach for the in vivo detection of tuberculomas--a preliminary study in a rabbit model. | radioimmunoscintigraphic approach could provide a viable non-invasive alternative for the diagnosis of deeply situated tuberculomas. we have evaluated this in a rabbit model constructed to give a characteristic localized tubercular lesion, with complimentary morphological, histological and antigenic profiles. 131i-anti myobacterium bovis (bcg) antibody was shown to localize at the lesion, where as 131i-bovine serum albumin and 99mtc-red blood cell scans were negative. the clearance of intraderma ... | 1992 | 1577614 |
| composition and immunogenicity of the polysaccharide components of the thermostable macromolecular antigen group of mycobacterial antigens. | the thermostable macromolecular antigen (tma) group includes major components of the mycobacterial cell envelope and cytoplasm, which elicit humoral and cellular immune reactions, and seems to play important roles in infectious diseases. the best known member of this group, antigen a60 of mycobacterium bovis bcg, was previously shown to contain three moieties of polysaccharides, free lipids, and polypeptides. in this work, the tma polysaccharides of three pathogenic mycobacteria (m. avium, m. bo ... | 1992 | 1579083 |
| costal bcg osteomyelitis presenting as a tumor. | we present the case of an 11-month-old male infant who had been bcg vaccinated as a neonate. at the age of nine months, he developed a localized tumor above his right mamilla. the tumor destroyed the fourth rib and infiltrated the surrounding soft tissue. x-ray and ct scan suggested a malignant neoplasm. histology, however, showed the typical picture of tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis (bcg strain) was isolated from the lesion. thus, the tumor was caused by an unusual presentation of a costa ... | 1992 | 1582690 |
| antitumor activity of synthetic oligonucleotides with sequences from cdna encoding proteins of mycobacterium bovis bcg. | thirteen kinds of 45-mer or 30-mer synthetic oligonucleotides with sequences randomly selected from the cdna encoding three kinds of protein of mycobacterium bovis bcg were tested for their antitumor activity in a murine tumor system. six out of the 13 single-stranded oligonucleotides which contained one or more hexameric palindromic sequences showed strong antitumor activity while the others without palindromic structure did not. namely, repeated intralesional injections of 100 micrograms of th ... | 1992 | 1582885 |
| separation of mycobacterium bovis bcg from mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis by using high-performance liquid chromatography of mycolic acids. | profile analysis of mycolic acid ester patterns of mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium bovis, and mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-gúerin (bcg) using high-performance liquid chromatography indicated that separation of bcg from m. tuberculosis and m. bovis by elution and relative retention times is possible. mycolic acid patterns of bcg eluted from the column 0.5 min before m. tuberculosis or m. bovis, resulting in relative retention times for two peaks not seen in the pattern of m. tu ... | 1992 | 1583141 |