| neonatal respiratory syncytial virus infection has an effect on lung inflammation and the cd4(+) cd25(+) t cell subpopulation during ovalbumin sensitization in adult mice. | in balb/c adult mice, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection enhances the degree of lung inflammation before and/or after ovalbumin (ova) respiratory sensitization. however, it is unclear whether rsv infection in newborn mice has an effect on the immune response to ova respiratory sensitization in adult mice. the aim of this study was to determine if rsv neonatal infection alters t cd4(+) population and lung inflammation during ova respiratory sensitization in adult mice. balb/c mice were i ... | 2016 | 26990762 |
| performance evaluation of four rapid antigen tests for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus. | rapid identification of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is important in the management of infected patients. rapid diagnostic tests (rdt) are widely used for this purpose. this study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of four rsv antigen tests including the binaxnow rsv card test, sd bioline rsv test, bd veritor rsv test, and humasis rsv antigen test in comparison with real-time rt-pcr as the reference method. nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 280 patients with symptoms of lower ... | 2016 | 26990654 |
| outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in immunocompromised adults on a hematology ward. | we describe an outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on a hematology ward without allogeneic stem cell transplant patients. twelve patients and one staff member infected with rsv were identified from the laboratory database. five patients had lower respiratory tract infection, seven had upper respiratory tract infection, one was asymptomatic, and there were two (15.4%) deaths. most patients had overlapping periods of potential infectiousness on the ward. sequencing was possible ... | 2016 | 26990584 |
| determinants of early life immune responses to rsv infection. | respiratory syncytial virus causes significant morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries, and a vaccine that adequately protects from severe disease remains an important unmet need. rsv disease has an inordinate impact on the very young, and the physical and immunological immaturity of early life complicates vaccine design. defining and targeting the functional capacities of early life immune responses and controlling responses during primary antigen exposure with select ... | 2016 | 26986236 |
| the influence of birth weight amongst 33-35 weeks gestational age (wga) infants on the risk of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalisation: a pooled analysis. | to investigate the association between birth weight and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalisation during the first year of life in 33°-35(6) weeks' gestational age (wga) infants. | 2017 | 26965584 |
| association between secondary thrombocytosis and viral respiratory tract infections in children. | secondary thrombocytosis (st) is frequently observed in children with a variety of clinical conditions. the leading cause of st is respiratory tract infection (rti) in children. nasopharyngeal aspirate samples were collected and assessed for common respiratory viruses. the relationships between virus infections and secondary thrombocytosis were analyzed retrospectively. the blood platelet count and the presence of respiratory viruses were determined for 3156 rti patients, and 817 (25.9%) cases w ... | 2016 | 26965460 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection and bronchial hyperreactivity in children up to two years of age in correlation with atopy. | bronchiolitis in early childhood caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is considered to be important risk factor of the recurrent wheezing and asthma development. the aim of this study was to examine the frequency of rsv infection and atopy in children up to two years of age and to determine their correlation with bronchial hyperreactivity. | 2016 | 26964386 |
| implementation of american academy of pediatrics guidelines for palivizumab prophylaxis in a pediatric hospital. | one hospital's implementation of revised american academy of pediatrics (aap) guidelines for palivizumab prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is described. | 2016 | 26953285 |
| prevalence of respiratory viruses among children hospitalized from respiratory infections in shenzhen, china. | the prevalence of local dominant viral etiologies is important for clinical management and prevention of common viral respiratory tract infections. unfortunately, there is limited large-scale data about common viral respiratory infection in south china. to survey dominant viral etiology and seasonality of acute respiratory infections in hospitalized children, a 4-year consecutive study was conducted in shenzhen, china. | 2016 | 26952107 |
| rsv-related thrombocytopenia associated with transient cytogenetic abnormalities in a recipient of umbilical cord blood transplantation. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are associated with thrombocytopenia. the underlying mechanism of thrombocytopenia in this setting is unknown. herein, we report a case of rsv-related thrombocytopenia associated with transient cytogenetic abnormalities that occurred following umbilical cord blood transplantation. | 2016 | 26949553 |
| the contributions of allergic sensitization and respiratory pathogens to asthma inception. | of the chronic diseases affecting grade-school children, asthma is the most common and accounts for the greatest number of school days missed. moreover, it can influence family dynamics and function in other ways, and unfortunately, it can also be associated with mortality, particularly in the inner-city environments of the united states. thus understanding factors that lead to its development in early life is essential in developing strategies aimed at primary prevention. two risk factors that ... | 2016 | 26947979 |
| effect of gubenfangxiao decoction on respiratory syncytial virus-induced asthma and expression of asthma susceptibility gene orosomucoid 1-like protein 3 in mice. | to investigate the effect of guben-fangxiao decoction (gbfxd) on respiratory-syncytial-virus (rsv)-induced asthma and the expression of asthma susceptibility gene, orosomucoid 1-like protein 3 (ormdl3) in mice. | 2016 | 26946626 |
| a numerically subdominant cd8 t cell response to matrix protein of respiratory syncytial virus controls infection with limited immunopathology. | cd8 t cells are involved in pathogen clearance and infection-induced pathology in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. studying bulk responses masks the contribution of individual cd8 t cell subsets to protective immunity and immunopathology. in particular, the roles of subdominant responses that are potentially beneficial to the host are rarely appreciated when the focus is on magnitude instead of quality of response. here, by evaluating cd8 t cell responses in cb6f1 hybrid mice, in whi ... | 2016 | 26943673 |
| seasonal dynamics of the airborne bacterial community and selected viruses in a children's daycare center. | children's daycare centers appear to be hubs of respiratory infectious disease transmission, yet there is only limited information about the airborne microbial communities that are present in daycare centers. we have investigated the microbial community of the air in a daycare center, including seasonal dynamics in the bacterial community and the presence of specific viral pathogens. we collected filters from the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (hvac) system of a daycare center every ... | 2016 | 26942410 |
| incorporating transmission into causal models of infectious diseases for improved understanding of the effect and impact of risk factors. | conventional measures of causality (which compare risks between exposed and unexposed individuals) do not factor in the population-scale dynamics of infectious disease transmission. we used mathematical models of 2 childhood infections (respiratory syncytial virus and rotavirus) to illustrate this problem. these models incorporated 3 causal pathways whereby malnutrition could act to increase the incidence of severe infection: increasing the proportion of infected children who develop severe infe ... | 2016 | 26940116 |
| correction: correction: molecular characterization of circulating respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) genotypes in gilgit baltistan province of pakistan during 2011-2012 winter season. | | 2016 | 26938668 |
| prediction model of rsv-hospitalization in late preterm infants: an update and validation study. | new vaccines and rsv therapeutics have been developed in the past decade. with approval of these new pharmaceuticals on the horizon, new challenges lie ahead in selecting the appropriate target population. we aimed to improve a previously published prediction model for prediction of rsv-hospitalization within the first year of life. | 2016 | 26930376 |
| review of the home care programmes for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis in ireland and the netherlands. | severe infection of infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of morbidity in the developed world and mortality in the developing world. prophylaxis using palivizumab in infants at risk for severe rsv disease reduces the rate of hospitalisation in this population of children. to ensure complete prophylaxis, infants must receive monthly doses over the winter season. to improve parental convenience, the synacare(®) programme was implemented in ireland and the netherlands. s ... | 2017 | 26924927 |
| current practices for treatment of respiratory syncytial virus and other non-influenza respiratory viruses in high-risk patient populations: a survey of institutions in the midwestern respiratory virus collaborative. | the optimal treatment for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in adult immunocompromised patients is unknown. we assessed the management of rsv and other non-influenza respiratory viruses in midwestern transplant centers. | 2016 | 26923867 |
| epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children in england, 2010-2014: the importance of birth month. | the epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in young children has not recently been described in england, and is an essential step in identifying optimal target groups for future licensed rsv vaccines. we used two laboratory surveillance systems to examine the total number and number of positive rsv tests in children aged <5 years in england from 2010 to 2014. we derived odds ratios (ors) with 95% confidence intervals (cis) comparing children by birth mo ... | 2016 | 26916807 |
| [recommendations for palivizumab use. update 2015]. | this recommendation updates the argentinean pediatrics' neonatal committee (cefen) ones published in 2007. the respiratory syncytial virus is the most frequent agent for lower respiratory infection. tiny premature, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and significant hemodynamic congenital heart disease babies are the most vulnerable populations. palivizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against respiratory syncytial virus used in the cold season. these recommendations are based on the scientific rev ... | 2016 | 26914078 |
| paediatric apnoeas are not related to a specific respiratory virus, and parental reports predict hospitalisation. | the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of apnoeas in previously healthy young infants with acute respiratory tract infection (ari) and correlate their occurrence with isolated micro-organisms, clinical findings, disease severity and outcome. | 2016 | 26910649 |
| effect of co-culturing human primary basic fibroblasts with respiratory syncytial virus-infected 16-hbe cells. | this study investigated the effects induced by co-culturing human primary basic fibroblasts (hpbfs) with 16-human bronchial epithelial cells (16-hbe) infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), in particular the transformation of hpbfs into myofibroblasts and secretion of extracellular matrix proteins. hpbfs were co-cultured with 16-hbe cells infected with rsv and quantitatively analyzed. we constructed models of hpbfs co-cultured with 16-hbe cells that were either uninfected (control group ... | 2016 | 26909955 |
| corticosteroid use as adjunct therapy for respiratory syncytial virus infection in adult allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection causes significant morbidity and mortality in allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-sct) recipients. although ribavirin and immunoglobulins are common components of therapy, the role of adjunct corticosteroids is not established. | 2016 | 26909896 |
| atypical presentations of respiratory syncytial virus infection: case series. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) usually causes a lower respiratory tract infection in affected patients. rsv has also been infrequently linked to extrapulmonary diseases in children. we report four children who had unusually severe clinical manifestations of rsv infections requiring critical care admission. these patients presented to the royal hospital, muscat, oman, in december 2013 with acute necrotising encephalopathy (ane), acute fulminant hepatic failure with encephalopathy, pneumato ... | 2016 | 26909220 |
| respiratory syncytial virus - more chimera than chimpanzee? | | 2016 | 26906878 |
| [lower respiratory tract infection caused by influenza virus a and influenza virus b in wenzhou, china: a clinical analysis of 366 children]. | to compare the epidemiological and clinical features of lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) caused by influenza virus a (iva) and influenza virus b (ivb) in children. | 2016 | 26903057 |
| latest options for treatment of bronchiolitis in infants. | bronchiolitis is the most frequent pathology associated with lower respiratory tract infection in newborns and young infants. the treatment of bronchiolitis is essentially supportive therapy for respiratory distress, hypoxia and dehydration. to date, no specific antiviral drug is used on a routine basis for the treatment of rsv infections. currently, the only antiviral drug approved for the infection is ribavirin; however, its use is limited due to adverse side effects and the risks it poses to ... | 2016 | 26901672 |
| risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection and effectiveness of control measures to prevent transmission events: a systematic review. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes a significant public health burden, and outbreaks among vulnerable patients in hospital settings are of particular concern. we reviewed published and unpublished literature from hospital settings to assess: (i) nosocomial rsv transmission risk (attack rate) during outbreaks, (ii) effectiveness of infection control measures. we searched the following databases: medline, embase, cinahl, cochrane library, together with key websites, journals and grey literat ... | 2016 | 26901358 |
| genetic association of tlr4 asp299gly, tlr4 thr399ile, and cd14 c-159t polymorphisms with the risk of severe rsv infection: a meta-analysis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most frequent cause of hospitalization in infants worldwide. it is recognized by toll-like receptor 4 (tlr 4) and cluster of differentiation 14 (cd14) in the innate immune response. previous case-control studies reported the influence of tlr4 asp299gly, tlr4 thr399ile, and cd14 c-159t polymorphisms on the risk of severe rsv infection. however, a decisive conclusion has not been achieved. therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to examine the associatio ... | 2016 | 26901241 |
| intrinsic disorder to order transitions in the scaffold phosphoprotein p from the respiratory syncytial virus rna polymerase complex. | intrinsic disorder is at the center of biochemical regulation and is particularly overrepresented among the often multifunctional viral proteins. replication and transcription of the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) relies on a rna polymerase complex with a phosphoprotein cofactor p as the structural scaffold, which consists of a four-helix bundle tetramerization domain flanked by two domains predicted to be intrinsically disordered. because intrinsic disorder cannot be reduced to a defined ato ... | 2016 | 26901160 |
| antibody response to respiratory syncytial virus infection in children <18 months old. | the development of a safe and effective respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine might be facilitated by knowledge of the natural immune response to this virus. the aims of this study were to evaluate the neutralizing antibody response of a cohort of healthy children <18 months old to rsv infection. during the rsv season, 89 healthy children <18 months old were enrolled and followed up weekly for 12 weeks. at each visit, a nasopharyngeal swab was obtained for rsv detection by real-time polymera ... | 2016 | 26901128 |
| naso-pharyngeal carriage of organisms in children aged 3-59 months diagnosed with severe community-acquired pneumonia. | to study the naso-pharyngeal carriage of organisms in children diagnosed with severe pneumonia. | 2016 | 26897143 |
| vitamin d [1,25(oh)2d3] differentially regulates human innate cytokine responses to bacterial versus viral pattern recognition receptor stimuli. | vitamin d plays multiple roles in regulation of protective and maladaptive immunity. although epidemiologic studies link poor in vivo 25(oh)d status to increased viral respiratory infections, we poorly understand how vitamin d affects viral pattern recognition receptor (prr)-driven cytokine production. in this study, we hypothesized that the biologically active metabolite of vitamin d, 1,25(oh)2d3, inhibits human proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory innate cytokine responses stimulated by repre ... | 2016 | 26895836 |
| do recombinant-engineered nanoparticle vaccines hold promise for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus? | | 2016 | 26893211 |
| evidence of respiratory syncytial virus spread by aerosol. time to revisit infection control strategies? | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a highly contagious pathogen with a huge global health impact. it is a major cause of hospital-acquired infection; a large number of those exposed develop infection. those infected in hospital are at increased risk of a severe clinical course. prevention of nosocomial spread currently focuses on spread by hand and large droplets. there is little research evidence to determine if aerosol spread of infectious rsv is possible. | 2016 | 26890617 |
| evaluation of recent new vaccine surveillance network data regarding respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization rates in us preterm infants. | in july 2014, the committee on infectious diseases (coid) updated their guidance on the use of palivizumab, recommending against use in preterm infants 29 to 35 weeks' gestational age (wga). a primary data source cited to support this significant change was the low respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization rate observed in the subpopulation of preterm (<37 wga) infants evaluated from 2000 to 2005 through the new vaccine surveillance network (nvsn). here we critically appraise the preterm ... | 2016 | 26889568 |
| epidemic activity of respiratory syncytial virus is related to temperature and rainfall in equatorial tropical countries. | although viral acute lower respiratory infections (alris) are a major public health problem in tropical low- and middle-income countries (lmics), and there is growing evidence showing their relationship with meteorological parameters, studies performed in these countries are scarce. in an analytical cross-sectional study, we determined which of the main meteorological parameters (temperature, absolute humidity, rainfall, wind speed, and solar radiation) predicted respiratory syncytial virus (rsv ... | 2016 | 26888544 |
| cytokine responses in primary and secondary respiratory syncytial virus infections. | primary respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are characterized by high levels of il-8 and an intense neutrophilia. little is known about the cytokine responses in secondary infections. preschool children experiencing rsv secondary infections were recruited from the siblings of infants admitted to hospital with rsv acute bronchiolitis. | 2016 | 26882371 |
| new insight into the pathogenesis of minimal change nephrotic syndrome: role of the persistence of respiratory tract virus in immune disorders. | the pathogenesis of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (mcns) is a complex clinical problem which, unfortunately, has been in need of significant breakthroughs for decades. improved understanding of the mechanisms is important to develop effective treatment strategies. to our knowledge, the pathogenesis of mcns is multifactorial, involving both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, reasonable to be regarded as a "long chain" cascade reaction. current studies implicating that the disease could probably ... | 2016 | 26876386 |
| children hospitalized with rhinovirus bronchiolitis have asthma-like characteristics. | children with bronchiolitis often are considered a homogeneous group. however, in a multicenter, prospective study of 2207 young children hospitalized for bronchiolitis, we found that children with respiratory syncytial virus detected differ from those with rhinovirus detected; the latter patients resemble older children with asthma, including more frequent treatment with corticosteroids. | 2016 | 26875009 |
| cathelicidins have direct antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus in vitro and protective function in vivo in mice and humans. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of respiratory tract infection in infants, causing significant morbidity and mortality. no vaccine or specific, effective treatment is currently available. a more complete understanding of the key components of effective host response to rsv and novel preventative and therapeutic interventions are urgently required. cathelicidins are host defense peptides, expressed in the inflamed lung, with key microbicidal and modulatory roles in innate hos ... | 2016 | 26873992 |
| meeting report: 4th isirv antiviral group conference: novel antiviral therapies for influenza and other respiratory viruses. | the international society for influenza and other respiratory virus diseases (isirv) held its 4th antiviral group conference at the university of texas on 2-4 june, 2015. with emerging resistance to the drugs currently licensed for treatment and prophylaxis of influenza viruses, primarily the neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir phosphate (tamiflu) and the m2 inhibitors amantadine and rimantadine, and the lack of effective interventions against other respiratory viruses, the 3-day programme focus ... | 2016 | 26872862 |
| causative agents of severe community acquired viral pneumonia among children in eastern thailand. | pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among infants and young children. the most common causes of pneumonia in children are respiratory viruses. in thailand, the epidemiology of the viruses causing community-acquired pneumonia (cap) among children is poorly defined. in this cross sectional study we used nasopharyngeal samples collected from hospitalized children diagnosed with severe cap in accordance with who criteria between june 2013 and may 2014 to determine the causes of i ... | 2015 | 26867384 |
| clinical outcomes in outpatient respiratory syncytial virus infection in immunocompromised children. | immunocompromised patients are at high risk for morbidity and mortality due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. increasingly, pediatric patients with malignancy or undergoing transplantation are managed primarily as outpatients. data regarding the clinical presentation and outcomes of rsv in the outpatient pediatric immunocompromised population are limited. | 2016 | 26859306 |
| spontaneous pneumothorax with subcutaneous emphysema: a rare complication of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | viral bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infection in infants and children under the age of 2. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the infecting agent in more than 50% of the cases. usually the clinical course is uneventful and complications are uncommon. secondary air leaks are a recognized rare complication of bronchiolitis, although the real incidence remains unknown. we report a case of a 21-month-old female that developed a spontaneous pneumothorax (pno) with subcutan ... | 2016 | 26858803 |
| early-life respiratory infections and asthma development: role in disease pathogenesis and potential targets for disease prevention. | this article presents recent findings and perspectives on the relationship between early-life respiratory infections and asthma inception, and discusses emerging concepts on strategies that target these infectious agents for asthma prevention. | 2016 | 26854761 |
| burden of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infection in pregnant women and infants under 6 months in mongolia: a prospective cohort study. | pregnant women and infants under 6 months are at risk of influenza-related complications. limited information exists on their community burden of respiratory viruses. | 2016 | 26849042 |
| erratum: effect of prophylactic palivizumab on admission due to respiratory syncytial virus infection in former very low birth weight infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | | 2016 | 26839492 |
| chest physiotherapy for acute bronchiolitis in paediatric patients between 0 and 24 months old. | this cochrane review was first published in 2005 and updated in 2007, 2012 and now 2015. acute bronchiolitis is the leading cause of medical emergencies during winter in children younger than two years of age. chest physiotherapy is sometimes used to assist infants in the clearance of secretions in order to decrease ventilatory effort. | 2016 | 26833493 |
| evaluation of a fluorescent immunoassay rapid test (sofia™) for detection of influenza a+b and rsv in a tertiary pediatric setting. | in response to the lack of sensitivity and reproducibility of previously marketed rapid antigen detection tests, a novel fluorescent immunoassay was recently developed. this new assay offers rapidity and automated reading. more characterization of this assay is needed. the aim of this study was to assess diagnostic performance of sofia influenza a+b and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) while compared to traditional viral cell culture. a total of 416 respiratory samples were analyzed prospective ... | 2016 | 26827091 |
| risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection in cyanotic congenital heart disease in a subtropical area. | to compare the risk of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-associated hospitalization and analyze the epidemiology of rsv infection in patients with cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart disease (chd), we analyzed the nationwide health insurance database from 2005-2010. | 2016 | 26822618 |
| absence of human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus from bronchoalveolar lavage and bronchial biopsies of selected patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | previous studies have reported very different rates of human rhinovirus (hrv) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) genome detection in nasal and sputum samples, but not in bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) and bronchial biopsy samples. our study aimed to investigate the presence of hrv and rsv in the lungs of 31 consecutive patients with stable copd (11 gold stage i, 11 ii, and 9 iii) and 22 control subjects (12 current or past smokers, and 10 non-smokers), who underwent diagnostic (e.g., lung cance ... | 2016 | 26819185 |
| progress toward a respiratory syncytial virus vaccine. | in accompanying papers (p. l. acosta, m. t. caballero, and f. p. polack, clin vaccine immunol 23:189-195, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00609-15; m. vissers, i. m. l. ahout, m. i. de jonge, and g. ferwerda, clin vaccine immunol 23:243-245, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00590-15) in this issue of clinical and vaccine immunology, the history of and immune mechanisms underlying vaccine-enhanced respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease and of investigations of mucosal antibodies and the ... | 2016 | 26818954 |
| angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibits lung injury induced by respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a major cause of severe lower respiratory illness in infants and young children, but the underlying mechanisms responsible for viral pathogenesis have not been fully elucidated. to date, no drugs or vaccines have been employed to improve clinical outcomes for rsv-infected patients. in this paper, we report that angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ace2) protected against severe lung injury induced by rsv infection in an experimental mouse model and in p ... | 2016 | 26813885 |
| protein tyrosine phosphatase 1b negatively regulates s100a9-mediated lung damage during respiratory syncytial virus exacerbations. | protein tyrosine phosphatase 1b (ptp1b) has anti-inflammatory potential but ptp1b responses are desensitized in the lung by prolonged cigarette smoke exposure. here we investigate whether ptp1b expression affects lung disease severity during respiratory syncytial viral (rsv) exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). ptp1b(-/-) mice infected with rsv exhibit exaggerated immune cell infiltration, damaged epithelial cell barriers, cytokine production, and increased apoptosis. e ... | 2016 | 26813343 |
| fas-associated factor 1 negatively regulates the antiviral immune response by inhibiting translocation of interferon regulatory factor 3 to the nucleus. | this study is designed to examine the cellular functions of human fas-associated factor 1 (faf1) containing multiple ubiquitin-related domains. microarray analyses revealed that interferon-stimulated genes related to the antiviral response are significantly increased in faf1-knockdown hela cells. silencing faf1 enhanced the poly(i·c)- and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced production of type i interferons (ifns), the target genes of interferon regulator factor 3 (irf3). irf3 is a key tran ... | 2016 | 26811330 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: a byzantine pathogen. | | 2016 | 26795683 |
| a recombinant g protein plus cyclosporine a-based respiratory syncytial virus vaccine elicits humoral and regulatory t cell responses against infection without vaccine-enhanced disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection can cause severe disease in the lower respiratory tract of infants and older people. vaccination with a formalin-inactivated rsv vaccine (fi-rsv) and subsequent rsv infection has led to mild to severe pneumonia with two deaths among vaccinees. the vaccine-enhanced disease (ved) was recently demonstrated to be due to an elevated level of th2 cell responses following loss of regulatory t (treg) cells from the lungs. to induce high levels of neutralizing ... | 2016 | 26792805 |
| evidence for a biphasic mode of respiratory syncytial virus transmission in permissive hep2 cell monolayers. | during respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection filamentous virus particles are formed on the cell surface. although the virus infectivity remains cell-associated, low levels of cell-free virus is detected during advanced infection. it is currently unclear if this cell-free virus infectivity is due to a low-efficiency specific cell-release mechanism, or if it arises due to mechanical breakage following virus-induced cell damage at the advanced stage of infection. understanding the origin of t ... | 2016 | 26790623 |
| ormdl3 variants associated with bronchiolitis susceptibility in a chinese population. | recent studies revealed common genetic risks for both viral bronchiolitis and asthma. genome-wide association studies revealed that rs7216389 in the ormdl3 gene is associated with childhood asthma. we conducted a case-control study examining the associations between ormdl3 polymorphisms (rs7216389, rs12603332, and rs11650680) and bronchiolitis susceptibility/viral findings among 247 infant bronchiolitis cases and 190 healthy controls. we genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms by matrix-assist ... | 2015 | 26782568 |
| adherence to palivizumab for respiratory syncytial virus prevention in the canadian registry of palivizumab. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants. palivizumab, a means of passive prophylaxis, relies on patient adherence to ensure therapeutic effectiveness. the objective of this study is to evaluate the association between adherence and the incidence of rsv-associated outcomes and to identify demographic factors that may impact adherence. | 2015 | 26780032 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus outbreak in a tertiary hospital neonatal intensive care unit]. | investigation and control of a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) outbreak that affected the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) of a university hospital from october to december 2012. | 2016 | 26776167 |
| clinical decision support and palivizumab: a means to protect from respiratory syncytial virus. | palivizumab can reduce hospitalizations due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), but many eligible infants fail to receive the full 5-dose series. the efficacy of clinical decision support (cds) in fostering palivizumab receipt has not been studied. we sought a comprehensive solution for identifying eligible patients and addressing barriers to palivizumab administration. | 2015 | 26767069 |
| pre-birth cohort study of atopic dermatitis and severe bronchiolitis during infancy. | infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis (i.e. severe bronchiolitis) are at increased risk of childhood asthma. there are many known risk factors for severe bronchiolitis, including cardiac and pulmonary diseases. less is known about the association between atopic diseases and risk of severe bronchiolitis. we sought to further examine risk factors for severe bronchiolitis, focusing on atopic dermatitis (ad). | 2016 | 26766307 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease - new data needed to guide future policy. | rsv is the main cause of childhood lower respiratory infections, globally, an important cause of childhood wheeze and may be responsible for a substantial burden of disease in the very elderly and in adults with chronic medical problems, such as copd. it is thus responsible for substantial healthcare and social costs. there are currently many companies and academic groups developing and testing candidate vaccines and there is an expectation that these will lead to effective and safe vaccines whi ... | 2015 | 26755941 |
| who informal consultation on surveillance of respiratory syncytial virus on the who global influenza surveillance and response system (gisrs) platform, 25–27 march 2015, geneva, switzerland. | | 2016 | 26753193 |
| phenotype and hierarchy of two transgenic t cell lines targeting the respiratory syncytial virus kdm282-90 epitope is transfer dose-dependent. | in this study, we compared two lines of transgenic cd8+ t cells specific for the same kdm282-90 epitope of respiratory syncytial virus in the cb6f1 hybrid mouse model. here we found that these two transgenic lines had similar in vivo abilities to control viral load after respiratory syncytial virus infection using adoptive transfer. transfer of the trbv13-2 line resulted in higher levels of il-6 and mip1-α in the lung than trbv13-1 transfer. interestingly, when large numbers of cells were co-tra ... | 2016 | 26752171 |
| value of multiplex pcr to determine the bacterial and viral aetiology of pneumonia in school-age children. | conventional methods for the aetiological diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) are often insufficient owing to low sensitivity and the long wait for the results of culture and particularly serology, and it often these methods establish a diagnosis in only half of cases. | 2017 | 26750616 |
| the logistics and coordination of respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis use among us pediatric specialists. | this study was conducted to survey us pediatric specialists about administration of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) immunoprophylaxis, communication patterns among physicians and parents, and barriers to access. separate surveys were sent to neonatologists, pediatricians, pediatric pulmonologists, and pediatric cardiologists. most physicians (≥93.5%) routinely recommended immunoprophylaxis to high-risk children. most respondents (≥71.8%) reported that >50.0% of eligible infants and young child ... | 2016 | 26746004 |
| [research progress in membrane fusion of the respiratory syncytial virus]. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most common causes of acute infection of the lower respiratory tract among children. for viruses in the paramyxoviridae subfamily, membrane fusion requires a specific interaction between two glycoproteins: the fusion protein and attachment protein. membrane fusion of the rsv appears to be unique among paramyxoviruses in that fusion is accomplished by the fusion protein alone without help from the attachment protein. here, we review recent achie ... | 2015 | 26738297 |
| prospective clinical and serological follow-up in early childhood reveals a high rate of subclinical rsv infection and a relatively high reinfection rate within the first 3 years of life. | children encounter repeated respiratory tract infections during their early life. we conducted a prospective clinical and serological follow-up study to estimate the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) primary infection and reinfection rates in early childhood. sera were collected from 291 healthy children at the ages of 13, 24 and 36 months and antibody levels against rsv antigens were determined by enzyme immunoassay. the rt-pcr method was also used for identifying the possible presence of rsv i ... | 2016 | 26732801 |
| examination of neurological prognostic markers in patients with respiratory syncytial virus-associated encephalopathy. | no biomarker has been established as a prognostic indicator of acute encephalopathy associated with various etiological factors. in this study, we examined useful prognostic biomarkers in patients with acute encephalopathy associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. the subjects were 11 children with rsv-associated encephalopathy admitted to our hospital. we measured the levels of interleukin (il)-6, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) and nitrogen oxide (no)x in cerebrospi ... | 2017 | 26732732 |
| human cathelicidin, ll-37, inhibits respiratory syncytial virus infection in polarized airway epithelial cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of severe lower respiratory tract illness in young children worldwide. treatment options for severe rsv disease remain limited and the development of therapeutic treatment strategies remains a priority. ll-37, a small cationic host defense peptide involved in anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial responses, reduces replication of or infection by multiple viruses, including influenza virus, in vitro, and protects against lethal challenge with infl ... | 2016 | 26732674 |
| outcomes of respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis in infants using an abbreviated dosing regimen of palivizumab. | | 2016 | 26720836 |
| antiviral activity of the "virus blocking factor" (vbf) derived i.a. from pelargonium extract and sambucus juice against different human-pathogenic cold viruses in vitro. | the in-vitro antiviral activity of the "virus blocking factor" (vbf), a combination of pelargonium extract and sambucus juice with addition of betaglucan 1,3 / 1,6, zincum gluconium, acidum ascorbicum, was studied against human pathogenic viruses: influenza a h1n1 (flua h1n1), rhinovirus b subtype 14 (hrv14), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenzavirus subtype 3 (para 3), and adenovirus c subtype 5 (adeno 5). | 2016 | 28478414 |
| contamination of healthcare workers' mobile phones by epidemic viruses. | mobile phones (mps) are potential reservoirs of nosocomial bacteria, but few data are available concerning viruses. we aimed to evaluate the presence of virus rna from epidemic viruses including metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza viruses, rotavirus (rv) and norovirus on the mps used by healthcare workers (hcws) and to relate it to hygiene measures. an anonymous behavioural questionnaire about mp use at hospital was administered to the hcws of four adult and paediatric depart ... | 2016 | 26713553 |
| trends in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis hospitalizations in children less than 1 year: 2004-2012. | to analyze trends in health outcomes and the influence of risk factors in children under 1 year with acute bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv bronchiolitis). a risk-adjustment model for rsv bronchiolitis in-hospital mortality was also developed. | 2016 | 26709735 |
| acute respiratory infections in children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | knowledge regarding the incidence, clinical course, and impact of respiratory viral infections in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) is limited. | 2016 | 26700662 |
| alcohol's effects on lung health and immunity. | it has long been known that people with alcohol use disorder (aud) not only may develop physical dependence but also may experience devastating long-term health problems. the most common and identifiable alcohol-associated health problems include liver cirrhosis, pancreatitis, cardiomyopathies, neuropathies, and dementia. however, the lung also is adversely affected by alcohol abuse, a fact often overlooked by clinicians and the public. individuals with aud are more likely to develop pneumonia, ... | 2015 | 26695745 |
| t cell responses are elicited against respiratory syncytial virus in the absence of signalling through tlrs, rlrs and il-1r/il-18r. | pattern recognition receptors (prrs) and cytokine receptors are key players in the initiation of immune responses to infection. prrs detecting viral rna, such as toll like receptor (tlr)-3, -7/8, and rig-i like receptors (rlrs; rig-i and mda-5), as well as cytokine receptors such as interleukin 1 receptor (il-1r), have been implicated in responses to rna viruses that infect the airways. the latter includes respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a human pathogen that can cause severe lower respirator ... | 2015 | 26688048 |
| burden of respiratory syncytial virus infections in china: systematic review and meta-analysis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of acute respiratory tract infection (arti) related morbidity and mortality worldwide. however, the disease burden due to rsv has not been systematically summarized in china. | 2015 | 26682049 |
| flt3 ligand improves the innate response to respiratory syncytial virus and limits lung disease upon rsv reexposure in neonate mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe bronchiolitis in infants worldwide. the immunological factors responsible for rsv susceptibility in infants are poorly understood. here, we used the balb/c mouse model of neonatal rsv infection to study the mechanisms leading to severe disease upon reexposure to the virus when adults. two major deficiencies in neonatal lung innate responses were found: a poor dcs mobilization, and a weak engagement of the ifni pathway. the administration of flt3 li ... | 2016 | 26681580 |
| correction: molecular characterization of circulating respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) genotypes in gilgit baltistan province of pakistan during 2011-2012 winter season. | | 2015 | 26678561 |
| brief history and characterization of enhanced respiratory syncytial virus disease. | in 1967, infants and toddlers immunized with a formalin-inactivated vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) experienced an enhanced form of rsv disease characterized by high fever, bronchopneumonia, and wheezing when they became infected with wild-type virus in the community. hospitalizations were frequent, and two immunized toddlers died upon infection with wild-type rsv. the enhanced disease was initially characterized as a "peribronchiolar monocytic infiltration with some excess in ... | 2015 | 26677198 |
| pulmonary c fibers modulate mmp-12 production via par2 and are involved in the long-term airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness induced by respiratory syncytial virus infection. | children with acute respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection often develop sequelae of persistent airway inflammation and wheezing. pulmonary c fibers (pcfs) are involved in the generation of airway inflammation and resistance; however, their role in persistent airway diseases after rsv is unexplored. here, we elucidated the pathogenesis of pcf activation in rsv-induced persistent airway disorders. pcf-degenerated and intact mice were used in the current study. airway inflammation and airway ... | 2015 | 26676790 |
| antiviral benzofurans from eupatorium chinense. | eleven benzofuran dimers, (+)-dieupachinins a-e, (-)-dieupachinins a-e and dieupachinin f, a benzofuran trimer trieupachinin a, as well as seven known compounds were isolated from the roots of eupatorium chinense. the enantiomers of racemates dieupachinins a-e were separated by chiral hplc. the structures with absolute configurations were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data, x-ray diffraction analysis, and circular dichroism experiments. the isolated compounds were evaluated for their ... | 2016 | 26675360 |
| revised recommendations concerning palivizumab prophylaxis for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | respiratory syncytial virus infections are one of the leading causes of severe respiratory diseases that require hospitalization and, in some cases, intensive care. once resolved, there may be respiratory sequelae of varying severity. the lack of effective treatments for bronchiolitis and the lack of vaccines for rsv accentuate the role of prevention in decreasing the impact of this disease. prevention of bronchiolitis strongly relies on the adoption of environment and the hygienic behavior meas ... | 2015 | 26670908 |
| gs-5806 inhibits a broad range of respiratory syncytial virus clinical isolates by blocking the virus-cell fusion process. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. in addition, rsv causes significant morbidity and mortality in hospitalized elderly and immunocompromised patients. currently, only palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody against the rsv fusion (f) protein, and inhaled ribavirin are approved for the prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of rsv, respectively. therefore, there is a clinical need for safe and effective therapeutic ... | 2015 | 26666922 |
| oxidative stress and inflamatory plasma biomarkers in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | oxidative stress (os) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung diseases. | 2015 | 26663823 |
| direct inhibition of cellular fatty acid synthase impairs replication of respiratory syncytial virus and other respiratory viruses. | fatty acid synthase (fasn) catalyzes the de novo synthesis of palmitate, a fatty acid utilized for synthesis of more complex fatty acids, plasma membrane structure, and post-translational palmitoylation of host and viral proteins. we have developed a potent inhibitor of fasn (tvb-3166) that reduces the production of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) progeny in vitro from infected human lung epithelial cells (a549) and in vivo from mice challenged intranasally with rsv. addition of tvb-3166 to th ... | 2015 | 26659560 |
| respiratory syncytial virus uses cx3cr1 as a receptor on primary human airway epithelial cultures. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most frequent cause of lower respiratory disease in infants, but no vaccine or effective therapy is available. the initiation of rsv infection of immortalized cells is largely dependent on cell surface heparan sulfate (hs), a receptor for the rsv attachment (g) glycoprotein in immortalized cells. however, rsv infects the ciliated cells in primary well differentiated human airway epithelial (hae) cultures via the apical surface, but hs is not detectable on ... | 2015 | 26658574 |
| post-bronchiolitis use of asthma medication: a prospective 1-year follow-up study. | our aim was to evaluate the association between viral findings during bronchiolitis and the use of asthma controller medication (primary outcome) and systemic corticosteroids (secondary outcome) during the first post-bronchiolitis year. | 2016 | 26658529 |
| reduced expression of hla-dr on monocytes during severe respiratory syncytial virus infections. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of bronchiolitis in infants with a wide spectrum of disease severity. besides environmental and genetic factors, it is thought that the innate immune system plays a pivotal role. the aim of this study was to investigate the expression of immune receptors on monocytes and the in vitro responsiveness from infants with severe rsv infections. | 2016 | 26658377 |
| population-based analysis of bronchiolitis epidemiology in valencia, spain. | there is a lack of european epidemiologic population-based studies on bronchiolitis and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis including both hospitalizations and primary care attendance. | 2016 | 26658376 |
| protection against respiratory syncytial virus by inactivated influenza virus carrying a fusion protein neutralizing epitope in a chimeric hemagglutinin. | a desirable vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) should induce neutralizing antibodies without eliciting abnormal t cell responses to avoid vaccine-enhanced pathology. in an approach to deliver rsv neutralizing epitopes without rsv-specific t cell antigens, we genetically engineered chimeric influenza virus expressing rsv f262-276 neutralizing epitopes in the globular head domain as a chimeric hemagglutinin (ha) protein. immunization of mice with formalin-inactivated recombinant chi ... | 2016 | 26656630 |
| mucosal igg levels correlate better with respiratory syncytial virus load and inflammation than plasma igg levels. | maternal vaccination is currently considered a strategy against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections. in rsv-infected infants, high mucosal igg levels correlated better with reduced rsv load and lower mucosal cxcl10 levels than plasma igg levels. for future vaccination strategies against rsv, more focus should be on the mucosal humoral immune response. | 2015 | 26656116 |
| evaluation of case definitions for estimation of respiratory syncytial virus associated hospitalizations among children in a rural community of northern india. | the burden estimation studies for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) have been based on varied case definitions, including case-definitions designed for influenza surveillance systems. we used all medical admissions among children aged 0-59 months to study the effect of case definitions on estimation of rsv-associated hospitalizations rates. | 2015 | 26649172 |
| baculovirus vectors expressing f proteins in combination with virus-induced signaling adaptor (visa) molecules confer protection against respiratory syncytial virus infection. | baculovirus has been exploited for use as a novel vaccine vector. to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of recombinant baculoviruses (rbvs) expressing respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion (f) proteins, four constructs (bac-tf/64, bac-cf, bac-cf/tf64 and bac-cf/tf64-visa) were generated. bac-tf64 displays the f ectodomain (tf) on the envelope of rbvs, whereas bac-cf expresses full-length f protein in transduced mammalian cells. bac-cf/tf64 not only displays tf on the envelope but also e ... | 2016 | 26643933 |
| genetic polymorphisms of toll-like receptor 4 are associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in a chinese infant population. | while genetic polymorphisms in toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4) have been demonstrated to play an important role in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in western populations, the association between tlr4 polymorphisms and rsv infections has not been investigated in chinese patient populations. the study presented here identifies tlr4 polymorphisms and investigates the association of tlr4 genetic polymorphism with rsv infection in a chinese infant patient population. | 2015 | 26642699 |