| mutualism variation in the nodulation response to nitrate. | the evolution of mutualisms under novel selective pressures will play a key role in ecosystem responses to environmental change. because fixed nitrogen is traded in plant–rhizobium mutualisms, increasing n availability in the soil is predicted to alter coevolution of these interactions. legumes typically decrease the number of associations (nodules) with rhizobia in response to nitrate, but the evolutionary dynamics of this response remain unknown. we grew plant and rhizobium genotype combinatio ... | 2010 | 20825525 |
| simulation of evolution implemented in the mutualistic symbioses towards enhancing their ecological efficiency, functional integrity and genotypic specificity. | we created the mathematical model for the evolution of the efficiency of mutualistic symbioses (ems) which was estimated as the microsymbiont impacts on the host's reproductive potential. using the example of rhizobia-legume interaction, the relationships were studied between ems and functional integrity of symbiosis (fis) which is represented as a measure for concordance of changes in the partners' genotypic frequencies under the environmental fluctuations represented by the minor deviations of ... | 2010 | 20832414 |
| phytoremediation of mercury in pristine and crude oil contaminated soils: contributions of rhizobacteria and their host plants to mercury removal. | the rhizospheric soils of three tested legume crops: broad beans (vicia faba), beans (phaseolus vulgaris) and pea (pisum sativum), and two nonlegume crops: cucumber (cucumis sativus) and tomato, (lycopersicon esculentum) contained considerable numbers (the magnitude of 10(5)g(-1) soil) of bacteria with the combined potential for hydrocarbon-utilization and mercury-resistance. sequencing of the 16s rrna coding genes of rhizobacteria associated with broad beans revealed that they were affiliated t ... | 2010 | 20833430 |
| rhizobium herbae sp. nov. and rhizobium giardinii-related bacteria, minor microsymbionts of various wild legumes in china. | seven rhizobium strains associated with various legume species grown in different geographic regions of china were defined as four genomic groups related to rhizobium giardinii based upon ribosomal igs-rflp, phylogenies of 16s rrna and housekeeping genes (atpd, reca and glnii) and dna-dna relatedness. three strains in group i were classified as r. giardinii, since they showed high gene sequence similarities (>97%) and dna-dna relatedness (64.3-67.5%) with r. giardinii h152t. groups ii, iii and i ... | 2010 | 20833881 |
| genetic transformation of lignin degrading fungi facilitated by agrobacterium tumefaciens. | white-rot fungi are primarily the major degraders of lignin, a major obstacle for commercial exploitation of plant byproducts to produce bioethanol and other industrially important products. however, to improve their efficacy for lignin degradation, it has become necessary to genetically modify these organisms using appropriate vectors. agrobacterium tumefaciens, a soil phytopathogenic bacterium, generally transforms plants by delivering a portion of the resident ti- plasmid, the t-dna (transfer ... | 2010 | 20836896 |
| comparing symbiotic efficiency between swollen versus nonswollen rhizobial bacteroids. | symbiotic rhizobia differentiate physiologically and morphologically into nitrogen-fixing bacteroids inside legume host nodules. the differentiation is apparently terminal in some legume species, such as peas (pisum sativum) and peanuts (arachis hypogaea), likely due to extreme cell swelling induced by the host. in other legume species, such as beans (phaseolus vulgaris) and cowpeas (vigna unguiculata), differentiation into bacteroids, which are similar in size and shape to free-living rhizobia, ... | 2010 | 20837702 |
| the auxin-signaling pathway is required for the lateral root response of arabidopsis to the rhizobacterium phyllobacterium brassicacearum. | plant root development is highly responsive both to changes in nitrate availability and beneficial microorganisms in the rhizosphere. we previously showed that phyllobacterium brassicacearum stm196, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria strain isolated from rapeseed roots, alleviates the inhibition exerted by high nitrate supply on lateral root growth. since soil-borne bacteria can produce iaa and since this plant hormone may be implicated in the high nitrate-dependent control of lateral root d ... | 2010 | 20844890 |
| biosynthesis of udp-xylose and udp-arabinose in sinorhizobium meliloti 1021: first characterization of a bacterial udp-xylose synthase, and udp-xylose 4-epimerase. | sinorhizobium meliloti is a soil bacterium that fixes nitrogen after being established inside nodules that can form on the roots of several legumes, including medicago truncatula. a mutation in an s. meliloti gene (lpsb) required for lipopolysaccharide synthesis has been reported to result in defective nodulation and an increase in the synthesis of a xylose-containing glycan. glycans containing xylose as well as arabinose are also formed by other rhizobial species, but little is known about thei ... | 2011 | 20847005 |
| isolation and characterization of temperature and alkaline stable bioflocculant from agrobacterium sp. m-503. | a bacterium isolated from activated sludge of propylene epoxide wastewater was identified as agrobacterium sp. m-503. it was confirmed to produce bioflocculant with excellent flocculation activity. the yield of the bioflocculant reached 14.9 g/l in batch cultivation with a carbon source conversion of 74.5%. this bioflocculant was temperature and alkaline stable, retaining almost all flocculation activity after being treated at 121°c for 20 minutes or at ph 12.0. it consisted of neutral sugar, ur ... | 2010 | 20849992 |
| carboxymethylated cyclosophoraose as a novel chiral additive for the stereoisomeric separation of some flavonoids by capillary electrophoresis. | a carboxymethylated cyclosophoraose (cm-cys) was synthesized by the chemical modification of neutral cys, which was isolated from rhizobium trifolii ta-1. cm-cys was successfully applied as a novel chiral selector for the separation of some flavonoids including catechin, 3,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxyflavanone, hesperidin, hesperetin, isosakuranetin, naringenin, naringin, and eriodictyol. the effects of ph, chiral additive concentration, and temperature on resolution and migration time were also studi ... | 2010 | 20850110 |
| genotypic and phenotypic diversity of rhizobia isolated from lathyrus japonicus indigenous to japan. | sixty-one rhizobial strains from lathyrus japonicus nodules growing on the seashore in japan were characterized and compared to two strains from canada. the pcr-based method was used to identify test strains with novel taxonomic markers that were designed to discriminate between all known lathyrus rhizobia. three genomic groups (i, ii, and iii) were finally identified using rapd, rflp, and phylogenetic analyses. strains in genomic group i (related to rhizobium leguminosarum) were divided into tw ... | 2010 | 20851546 |
| genome sequence of the polymyxin-producing plant-probiotic rhizobacterium paenibacillus polymyxa e681. | paenibacillus polymyxa e681, a spore-forming, low-g+c, gram-positive bacterium isolated from the rhizosphere of winter barley grown in south korea, has great potential for agricultural applications due to its ability to promote plant growth and suppress plant diseases. here we present the complete genome sequence of p. polymyxa e681. its 5.4-mb genome encodes functions specialized to the plant-associated lifestyle and characteristics that are beneficial to plants, such as the production of a pla ... | 2010 | 20851896 |
| characterization of liposomes formed by lipopolysaccharides from burkholderia cenocepacia, burkholderia multivorans and agrobacterium tumefaciens: from the molecular structure to the aggregate architecture. | the microstructure of liposomes formed by the lipopolysaccharides (lps) derived from burkholderia cenocepacia et-12 type strain lmg 16656, burkholderia multivorans strain c1576 and agrobacterium tumefaciens strain tt111 has been investigated by a combined experimental strategy, including dynamic light scattering (dls), small-angle neutron scattering (sans) and electron paramagnetic resonance (epr). the results highlight that the lps molecular structure determines, through a complex interplay of ... | 2010 | 20852798 |
| development of an efficient gene targeting system in colletotrichum higginsianum using a non-homologous end-joining mutant and agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer. | the hemibiotrophic ascomycete colletotrichum higginsianum is the casual agent of anthracnose disease of cruciferous plants. high efficiency transformation by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer has been established for this fungus. however, targeted gene mutagenesis through homologous recombination rarely occurs in c. higginsianum. we have identified and disrupted the c. higginsianum homologue of the human ku70 gene, chku70, which encodes a protein that plays a role in non-homologou ... | 2010 | 20853009 |
| mature seed-derived callus of the model indica rice variety kasalath is highly competent in agrobacterium-mediated transformation. | we previously established an efficient agrobacterium-mediated transformation system using primary calli derived from mature seeds of the model japonica rice variety nipponbare. we expected that the shortened tissue culture period would reduce callus browning--a common problem with the indica transformation system during prolonged tissue culture in the undifferentiated state. in this study, we successfully applied our efficient transformation system to kasalath--a model variety of indica rice. th ... | 2010 | 20853107 |
| evidence of transfer by conjugation of type iv secretion system genes between bartonella species and rhizobium radiobacter in amoeba. | bartonella species cospeciate with mammals and live within erythrocytes. even in these specific niches, it has been recently suggested by bioinformatic analysis of full genome sequences that lateral gene transfer (lgt) may occur but this has never been demonstrated biologically. here we describe the sequence of the b. rattaustraliani (aust/nh4(t)) circular plasmid (pnh4) that encodes the tra cluster of the type iv secretion system (t4ss) and we eventually provide evidence that bartonella species ... | 2010 | 20856925 |
| the organophosphate-degrading enzyme from agrobacterium radiobacter displays mechanistic flexibility for catalysis. | the op (organophosphate)-degrading enzyme from agrobacterium radiobacter (opda) is a binuclear metallohydrolase able to degrade highly toxic op pesticides and nerve agents into less or non-toxic compounds. in the present study, the effect of metal ion substitutions and site-directed mutations on the catalytic properties of opda are investigated. the study shows the importance of both the metal ion composition and a hydrogen-bond network that connects the metal ion centre with the substrate-bindi ... | 2010 | 20868365 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated fused egfp-hph gene expression under the control of gpd promoter in pleurotus ostreatus. | a transformation system for the basidiomycete pleurotus ostreatus was established using agrobacterium-mediated infection. following p. ostreatus glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene analysis, its promoter region including two introns was used as cis-regulatory element to drive expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp). as a selection marker, the hygromycin phosphotransferase (hph) gene cassette was used in the binary vector ppeh. mycelia without pretreatment were found to ... | 2010 | 20869218 |
| molecular analysis of a homogentisate phytyltransferase gene from lactuca sativa l. | tocochromanols, usually known as vitamin e, play a crucial role in human and animal nutrition. the enzyme homogentisate phytyltransferase (hpt) performs the first committed step of the vitamin e biosynthetic pathway. the full-length cdna encoding hpt was isolated from lactuca sativa l. by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race). the cdna, designated as lshpt, was 1,670 bp long containing an open reading frame (orf) of 1,185 bp which encoded a protein of 395 amino acids. sequence analysis indicat ... | 2010 | 20872075 |
| [the nadph oxidase activity of pea seedling roots in rhizobial infection depending on abiotic and biotic factors]. | the changes in nadph activity was studied in the roots of 3-4-day-old etiolated pea (cultivar aksaiskii usatyi) seedlings depending on plant inoculation with rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae (strain ciam 1026), adverse environmental factors (low temperature and high dose of a mineral nitrogen fertilizer), chemical substances (sodium nitroprusside and methyl viologen, or paraquat), and a biotic factor--the bacterium escherichia coli (strain xl-1 blue). it was demonstrated that all exogenous fac ... | 2010 | 20873175 |
| bio-encapsulation of microbial cells for targeted agricultural delivery. | biofertilizers, namely rhizobium and biocontrol agents such as pseudomonas and trichoderma have been well established in the field of agricultural practices for many decades. nevertheless, research is still going on in the field of inoculant production to find methods to improve advanced formulation and application in fields. conventionally used solid and liquid formulations encompass several problems with respect to the low viability of microorganisms during storage and field application. there ... | 2010 | 20879835 |
| comparative analysis of defence responses induced by the endophytic plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium burkholderia phytofirmans strain psjn and the non-host bacterium pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi in grapevine cell suspensions. | plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) are beneficial microorganisms that colonize the rhizosphere of many plant species and confer beneficial effects, such as an increase in plant growth. pgpr are also well known as inducers of systemic resistance to pathogens in plants. however, the molecular mechanisms involved locally after direct perception of these bacteria by plant cells still remain largely unknown. burkholderia phytofirmans strain psjn is an endophytic pgpr that colonizes grapevine ... | 2010 | 20881012 |
| enhanced v-atpase activity contributes to the improved salt tolerance of transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing vacuolar na(+)/h (+) antiporter atnhx1. | atnhx1, a vacuolar na(+)/h(+) antiporter gene from arabidopsis thaliana, was introduced into tobacco genome via agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation to evaluate the role of vacuolar energy providers in plants salt stress response. compared to the wild-type plants, over-expression of atnhx1 increased salt tolerance in the transgenic tobacco plants, allowing higher germination rates of seeds and successful seedling establishment in the presence of toxic concentrations of nacl. more im ... | 2010 | 20882319 |
| substrate-dependent auxin production by rhizobium phaseoli improves the growth and yield of vigna radiata l. under salt stress conditions. | rhizobium phaseoli strains were isolated from the mung bean nodules, and, the most salt tolerant and high auxin producing rhizobial isolate n20 was evaluated in the presence and absence of l-tryptophan (l-trp) for improving growth and yield of mung bean under saline conditions in a pot experiment. mung bean seeds were inoculated with peat-based inoculum and np fertilizers were applied at 30-60 kg ha-1, respectively. results revealed that imposition of salinity reduced the growth and yield of mun ... | 2010 | 20890093 |
| plant defense pathways subverted by agrobacterium for genetic transformation. | the soil phytopathogen agrobacterium has the unique ability to introduce single-stranded transferred dna (t-dna) from its tumor-inducing (ti) plasmid into the host cell in a process known as horizontal gene transfer. following its entry into the host cell cytoplasm, the t-dna associates with the bacterial virulence (vir) e2 protein, also exported from agrobacterium, creating the t-dna nucleoprotein complex (t-complex), which is then translocated into the nucleus where the dna is integrated into ... | 2010 | 20890133 |
| complex prokaryotic genome structure: rapid evolution of chromosome ii. | although many bacteria with two chromosomes have been sequenced, the roles of such complex genome structuring are still unclear. to uncover levels of chromosome i (ci) and chromosome ii (cii) sequence divergence, mauve 2.2.0 was used to align the ci- and cii-specific sequences of bacteria with complex genome structuring in two sets of comparisons: the first set was conducted among the ci and cii of bacterial strains of the same species, while the second set was conducted among the ci and cii of ... | 2010 | 20924417 |
| α-aminoadipic acid and α,ɛ-diaminopimelic acid in inoculated pea plants (pisum sativum) and root nodule bacteria (rhizobium leguminosarum). | observations were made on the content of α-aminoadipic acid and α-aminophimelic acid (dap) in pea plants, nodules and rhizobium leguminosarum, strain ht3. the preparations were purified by ion exchange chromatography, qualitative analyses were made by paper chromatography, and quantitative analyses by means of an automatic amino acid analysator. in the whole plant and seeds the content of α-aminoadipic acid soluble in 70% ethanol varied between 10 and 80 μg/g dry weight. the shoot and red nitrog ... | 1969 | 20925682 |
| virus-induced gene silencing in nicotiana benthamiana and other plant species. | virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) is an efficient tool for high throughput reverse genetic screens. vigs engages the endogenous rna-silencing machinery of the plant host, and can yield an 85-95% reduction of target transcripts. gene silencing is rapid, target-specific, and does not require the creation of stable transformants. the technique has been used successfully in numerous solanaceae species as well as in arabidopsis, maize, and rice. here we describe a protocol for conducting a vigs scr ... | 2011 | 20931372 |
| full-length cdna overexpressor gene hunting system (fox hunting system). | full-length cdnas (fl-cdnas) are important resources for the characterization of gene function, since they contain all the information required for the production of functional rnas and proteins. large sets of fl-cdna clones have been collected from several plant species and have become available for functional genomic analysis. we have developed a system for the identification of gene function by screening for transgenic plants ectopically expressing fl-cdnas and named it the fox (fl-cdna overe ... | 2011 | 20931374 |
| a new method to determine initial viability of entrapped cells using fluorescent nucleic acid staining. | entrapped bacterial cells are widely used in several biotechnological applications. cell entrapment procedures are known to affect the viability of bacterial cells. to determine the effect of entrapment procedures on viability of bacterial cells, dissolution of the entrapment matrices using chelating agents or heat is required immediately after the entrapment is completed. chelating agents and heat applied in the matrix dissolution reduce cell viability and in turn hinder accurate quantification ... | 2010 | 20933406 |
| functional characterization of replication and stability factors of an incompatibility group p-1 plasmid from xylella fastidiosa. | xylella fastidiosa strain riv11 harbors a 25-kbp plasmid (pxf-riv11) belonging to the incp-1 incompatibility group. replication and stability factors of pxf-riv11 were identified and used to construct plasmids able to replicate in x. fastidiosa and escherichia coli. replication in x. fastidiosa required a 1.4-kbp region from pxf-riv11 containing a replication initiation gene (trfa) and the adjacent origin of dna replication (oriv). constructs containing trfa and oriv from pveis01, a related incp ... | 2010 | 20935126 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation of chiv gene to trichoderma harzianum. | as a soil-borne filamentous fungus, trichoderma harzianum exhibits biological control properties because it parasitizes a large variety of phytopathogenic fungi. in this study, the vectors pbi121 and pcambia1301 and cloning vector puc18 were used to successfully construct expression vector pca-gchiv for filamentous fungi transformation mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens.the chiv gene was successfully transferred into the biocontrol fungus t. harzianum with an efficiency of 90-110 transformant ... | 2010 | 20936373 |
| introduction of large dna inserts into the barley pathogenic fungus, ustilago hordei, via recombined binary bac vectors and agrobacterium-mediated transformation. | genetic transformation of organisms with large genome fragments containing complete genes, with regulatory elements or clusters of genes, can contribute to the functional analysis of such genes. however, large inserts, such as those found on bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) clones, are often not easy to transfer. we exploited an existing technique to convert bac clones, containing genomic dna fragments from the barley-covered smut fungus ustilago hordei to binary bacs (bibacs) to make them ... | 2010 | 20936474 |
| tolerance to agricultural pesticides of strains belonging to four genera of rhizobiaceae. | in order to determine their tolerance to pesticides, 122 strains of rhizobia isolated from different geographical regions, and belonging to the genera rhizobium, mesorhizobium, sinorhizobium and bradyrhizobium were tested against eight herbicides, four fungicides and five insecticides. sensitivity to the pesticides was measured by using the filter paper disk method at four concentrations, 0.45, 4.5, 45 and 450 μg per disk. when the pesticides were used at 0.45 μg per disk, a concentration simila ... | 2010 | 20936564 |
| r gene-controlled host specificity in the legume-rhizobia symbiosis. | leguminous plants can enter into root nodule symbioses with nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria known as rhizobia. an intriguing but still poorly understood property of the symbiosis is its host specificity, which is controlled at multiple levels involving both rhizobial and host genes. it is widely believed that the host specificity is determined by specific recognition of bacterially derived nod factors by the cognate host receptor(s). here we describe the positional cloning of two soybean genes rj2 ... | 2010 | 20937853 |
| the extracellular proteome of rhizobium etli ce3 in exponential and stationary growth phase. | abstract: | 2010 | 20942974 |
| tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens and rhizobium radiobacter sepsis presenting with septic pulmonary emboli. | clin microbiol infect abstract: septic pulmonary embolism (spe) is an uncommon, but life-threatening event that is usually associated with extrapulmonary infections. we report the first case of bilateral spe secondary to a central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection involving pathogens commonly considered environmental contaminants: tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens and rhizobium radiobacter. empirical levofloxacin treatment was confirmed by in vitro susceptibility data and produced prompt ... | 2010 | 20946410 |
| swarm intelligence in plant roots. | | 2010 | 20952090 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation for investigation of somatic recombination in the fungal pathogen armillaria mellea. | armillaria root disease is one of the most damaging timber and fruit tree diseases in the world. despite its economic importance, many basic questions about the biology of the causal fungi, armillaria spp., are unanswered. for example, armillaria undergoes matings between diploid and haploid mycelia, which can result in a recombinant diploid without meiosis. evidence of such somatic recombination in natural populations suggests that this reproductive mode may affect the pathogen's ecology. inves ... | 2010 | 20952653 |
| bidirectionalization of a methyl jasmonate-inducible plant promoter. | a unidirectional promoter can be transformed into a bidirectional module by artificial methods. here we report the bidirectionalization of the methyl jasmonate (meja)-inducible ptdrl02 promoter derived from poplar [(populus tomentosa × p. bolleana) × p. tomentosa] in planta. construction of the bidirectional ptdrl02 promoter (designated as mptdrl02) was rapidly achieved by introducing a minimal 35s promoter in the opposite orientation to the 5' end of ptdrl02. β-glucuronidase (gus) and green flu ... | 2010 | 20953667 |
| nematicidal activity of a nonpathogenic biocontrol bacterium, pseudomonas chlororaphis o6. | bacterial culture filtrates of an aggressive rhizobacterium, pseudomonas chlororaphis o6, displayed strong nematicidal activity. the nematicidal activity of p. chlororaphis o6 was markedly reduced in the gacs mutant of p. chlororaphis o6 grown in the presence of glycine, but no reduction of nematicidal activity in the gacs mutant was noted in the absence of glycine. the results of bioassay with p. chlororaphis o6 mutants showed that phenazine and pyrrolnitrin production was not a major factor, b ... | 2010 | 20963417 |
| diverse rhizobia associated with sophora alopecuroides grown in different regions of loess plateau in china. | a total of seventy-five symbiotic bacterial strains isolated from root nodules of wild sophora alopecuroides grown in different regions of china's loess plateau were characterized. based on the combined rflp patterns, thirty-five genotypes were defined among the rhizobia and they were classified into nine genomic species, including mesorhizobium alhagi and m. gobiense as the main groups, as well as agrobacterium tumefaciens, m. amorphae, phyllobacterium trifolii, rhizobium giardinii, r. indigofe ... | 2010 | 20965680 |
| the nodulation of alfalfa by the acid-tolerant rhizobium sp. strain lpu83 does not require sulfated forms of lipochitooligosaccharide nodulation signals. | the induction of root nodules by the majority of rhizobia has a strict requirement for the secretion of symbiosis-specific lipochitooligosaccharides (nodulation factors [nfs]). the nature of the chemical substitution on the nfs depends on the particular rhizobium and contributes to the host specificity imparted by the nfs. we present here a description of the genetic organization of the nod gene cluster and the characterization of the chemical structure of the nfs associated with the broad-host- ... | 2010 | 20971905 |
| regeneration of transgenic plants by agrobacterium-mediated transformation of somatic embryos of juvenile and mature quercus robur. | a protocol was developed for genetic transformation of somatic embryos derived from juvenile and mature quercus robur trees. optimal transformation conditions were evaluated on the basis of the results of transient gus expression assays with five oak embryogenic lines and a strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens (eha105) harbouring a p35sgusint plasmid containing a nptii and a uida (gus) genes. for stable transformation, embryo clumps at globular/torpedo stages (4-10 mg) were inoculated with eha105 ... | 2010 | 20972795 |
| ljcyc genes constitute floral dorsoventral asymmetry in lotus japonicus. | previous study shows that ljcyc2, a cyc-like tcp (tb1, cyc and pcfs) gene in the model legume, lotus japonicus, is involved in dorsal petal development, which together with the other two homologous genes, ljcyc1 and ljcyc3, belongs to an ljcyc gene cluster. in this report, we modified the transformation system in l. japonicus, and constructed different rnai transgenes to target different ljcyc genes. the expression of three endogenous ljcyc genes was specifically suppressed by different specific ... | 2010 | 20977654 |
| studies on lyophiled cultures; lyophile storage of cultures of rhizobium leguminosarum. | | 1946 | 20995934 |
| the interrelationship of iron and certain accessory factors in the growth of rhizobium trifolii, strain 205. | | 1945 | 21008205 |
| the capsular polysaccharide of rhizobium radicicolum. | | 1945 | 21008349 |
| [not available]. | | 1945 | 21016831 |
| bioassays of quorum sensing compounds using agrobacterium tumefaciens and chromobacterium violaceum. | in most bacteria, a global level of regulation exists involving intercellular communication via the production and response to cell density-dependent signal molecules. this cell density-dependent regulation has been termed quorum sensing (qs). qs is a global regulator, which has been associated with a number of important features in bacteria including virulence regulation and biofilm formation. consequently, there is considerable interest in understanding, detecting, and inhibiting qs. acyl homo ... | 2011 | 21031300 |
| complete genome sequence of paenibacillus polymyxa sc2, a strain of plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. | paenibacillus polymyxa sc2 is an important plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (pgpr). here, we report the complete genome sequence of p. polymyxa sc2. multiple sets of functional genes have been found in the genome. as far as we know, this is the first complete genome sequence of paenibacillus polymyxa. | 2010 | 21037012 |
| presence of opportunistic bacteria (rhizobium spp.) with potential for molecular misdiagnosis among canine and feline clinical samples. | rhizobium radiobacter was detected in 12 of 187 dogs and 2 of 100 cats using a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay formerly designed for the rickettsia genus. although pcr primers used for pathogenic infectious agents are specifically assessed to avoid cross-amplification, this retrospective study highlights the importance of sequencing to avoid molecular misdiagnosis. | 2010 | 21037894 |
| the nod factor-independent symbiotic signaling pathway: development of agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation for the legume aeschynomene indica. | the nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between aeschynomene indica and photosynthetic bradyrhizobia is the only legume-rhizobium association described to date that does not require lipochito-oligosaccharide nod factors (nf). to assist in deciphering the molecular basis of this nf-independent interaction, we have developed a protocol for agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of a. indica. the cotransformation frequency (79%), the nodulation efficiency of transgenic roots (90%), and the expressi ... | 2010 | 21039272 |
| characterization of a two-component signal transduction system that controls arsenite oxidation in the chemolithoautotroph nt-26. | nt-26 is a chemolithoautotrophic arsenite oxidizer. understanding the mechanisms of arsenite signalling, tolerance and oxidation by nt-26 will have significant implications for its use in bioremediation and arsenite sensing. we have identified the histidine kinase (aros) and the cognate response regulator (aror) involved in the arsenite-dependent transcriptional regulation of the arsenite oxidase aroba operon. aros contains a single periplasmic sensory domain that is linked through transmembrane ... | 2010 | 21039781 |
| only half the transcriptomic differences between resistant genetically modified and conventional rice are associated with the transgene. | besides the intended effects that give a genetically modified (gm) plant the desired trait, unintended differences between gm and non-gm comparable plants may also occur. profiling technologies allow their identification, and a number of examples demonstrating that unintended effects are limited and diverse have recently been reported. both from the food safety aspect and for research purposes, it is important to discern unintended changes produced by the transgene and its expression from those ... | 2010 | 21040388 |
| the impact of environmental contamination with antibiotics on levels of resistance in soil bacteria. | this study examined the effects of tetracycline and streptomycin on microorganisms in three different soil habitats: forest soil, agricultural soil, and compost. these antibiotics are commonly used in both medical and veterinary therapy as well as in the production of plant biomass and until quite recently, the production of animal biomass. microcosms were used as model systems in which the number of microorganisms in environments containing different amounts of antibiotics was analyzed. the min ... | 2010 | 21043273 |
| regulation and symbiotic role of nirk and norc expression in rhizobium etli. | rhizobium etli cfn42 is unable to use nitrate for respiration and lacks nitrate reductase activity as well as the nap or nar genes encoding respiratory nitrate reductase. however, genes encoding proteins closely related to denitrification enzymes, the norcbqd gene cluster and a novel nirknirvnnrrnnru operon are located on pcfn42f. in this study, we carried out a genetic and functional characterization of the reductases encoded by the r. etli nirk and norcb genes. by gene fusion expression analys ... | 2011 | 21043576 |
| metal inducible activity of the oil palm metallothionein-like gene promoter (mt3-a) in prokaryotes. | reporter gene activity under the regulation of the oil palm metallothionein-like gene, mt3-a promoter was assessed in prokaryotes. vector constructs containing mt3-a promoter with (w1mt3-a) and without (w2mt3-a) five prime untranslated region (5'-utr) fused to ß-glucuronidase (gus) gene in pcambia 1304 vector were produced. 5'-rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) using mrna isolated from escherichia coli and agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring w1mt3-a confirmed that fusion transcripts of mt3- ... | 2010 | 21044862 |
| high-level expression of human interferon alpha-2b in transgenic carrot (daucus carota l.) plants. | in this study, we report the obtaining of carrot plants expressing human interferon alpha-2b via agrobacterium-mediated transformation using two vector constructs containing the sequence coding for interferon gene fused with nicotiana plumbagenifolia calreticulin apoplast targeting signal driven by 35s camv promoter and root-specific mll promoter. the human interferon alpha-2b gene was correctly translated in carrot plants according to western blot analysis. the recombinant protein exhibited ant ... | 2010 | 21046110 |
| integrating carbon-halogen bond formation into medicinal plant metabolism. | halogenation, which was once considered a rare occurrence in nature, has now been observed in many natural product biosynthetic pathways. however, only a small fraction of halogenated compounds have been isolated from terrestrial plants. given the impact that halogenation can have on the biological activity of natural products, we reasoned that the introduction of halides into medicinal plant metabolism would provide the opportunity to rationally bioengineer a broad variety of novel plant produc ... | 2010 | 21048708 |
| an efficient protocol for genetic transformation of platycodon grandiflorum with agrobacterium rhizogenes. | the balloon flower (platycodon grandiflorum) is a popular traditional medicinal plant used in korea to treat conditions such as bronchitis, asthma, tuberculosis, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases. recently, immunopharmacological research identified triterpenoid and saponin as important active compounds in p. grandiflorum. to study and extract these compounds and other metabolites from p. grandiflorum, a technique was developed for producing hairy root cultures, which are a reliable source of p ... | 2010 | 21052843 |
| a mesorhizobium lipopolysaccharide (lps) specific lectin (crl) from the roots of nodulating host plant, cicer arietinum. | a 30 kda rabbit erythrocyte agglutinating glycoprotein isolated and characterized from the roots of cicer arietinum and designated as cicer root lectin (crl). hemagglutination activity of crl is strongly inhibited by cell surface lps of nodulating cicer specific rhizobium. crl agglutinates mesorhizobial cells and not escherichia coli or yeast cells. it binds to immobilized lps of cicer specific rhizobium only. the primary structure of crl as predicted by peptide mass fingerprinting by maldi-tof ... | 2010 | 21055439 |
| production of human interferon alfa 2b in plants of nicotiana excelsior by agrobacterium-mediated transient expression. | human interferon alpha2b gene was transiently expressed in nicotiana excelsior plants. fusion with n. plumbaginifolia calreticulin signal peptide for improved apoplast targeting and carrying out the expression under optimized conditions resulted in maximal interferon activity of 3.2 x 10(3) iu/g fresh weight (fw) with an average of 2.1 +/- 0.8 x 10(3) iu/g fw. it proves that n. excelsior is a suitable host for agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of genes encoding physiologically active h ... | 2010 | 21058531 |
| origin and incidence of 2-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyrazine, a compound with a "fungal" and "corky" aroma found in cork stoppers and oak chips in contact with wines. | this study identifies a previously isolated bacterium as rhizobium excellensis, a new species of proteobacteria able to form a large quantity of 2-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyrazine (mdmp). r. excellensis actively synthesizes mdmp from l-alanine and l-leucine and, to a lesser extent, from l-phenylalanine and l-valine. mdmp is a volatile, strong-smelling substance detected in wines with cork stoppers that have an unpleasant "corky", "herbaceous" (potato, green hazelnut), or "dusty" odor that is very di ... | 2010 | 21058737 |
| investigating agrobacterium-mediated transformation of verticillium albo-atrum on plant surfaces. | agrobacterium tumefaciens has long been known to transform plant tissue in nature as part of its infection process. this natural mechanism has been utilised over the last few decades in laboratories world wide to genetically manipulate many species of plants. more recently this technology has been successfully applied to non-plant organisms in the laboratory, including fungi, where the plant wound hormone acetosyringone, an inducer of transformation, is supplied exogenously. in the natural envir ... | 2010 | 21060684 |
| whole genome co-expression analysis of soybean cytochrome p450 genes identifies nodulation-specific p450 monooxygenases. | cytochrome p450 monooxygenases (p450s) catalyze oxidation of various substrates using oxygen and nad(p)h. plant p450s are involved in the biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites performing diverse biological functions. the recent availability of the soybean genome sequence allows us to identify and analyze soybean putative p450s at a genome scale. co-expression analysis using an available soybean microarray and illumina sequencing data provides clues for functional annotation of these ... | 2010 | 21062474 |
| rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii rosr is required for interaction with clover, biofilm formation and adaptation to the environment. | rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii is a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterium that elicits nodules on roots of host plants trifolium spp. bacterial surface polysaccharides are crucial for establishment of a successful symbiosis with legumes that form indeterminate-type nodules, such as trifolium, pisum, vicia, and medicago spp. and aid the bacterium in withstanding osmotic and other environmental stresses. recently, the r. leguminosarum bv. trifolii rosr regulatory protein which controls exopoly ... | 2010 | 21070666 |
| structural characterization of a group ii 2/2 hemoglobin from the plant pathogen agrobacterium tumefaciens. | within the 2/2 hemoglobin sub-family, no group ii 2/2hbs from proteobacteria have been so far studied. here we present the first structural characterization of a group ii 2/2hb from the soil and phytopathogenic bacterium agrobacterium tumefaciens (at-2/2hbo). the crystal structure of ferric at-2/2hbo (reported at 2.1å resolution) shows the location of specific/unique heme distal site residues (e.g., his(42)cd1, a residue distinctive of proteobacteria group ii 2/2hbs) that surround a heme-ligande ... | 2010 | 21070893 |
| fluorescence of phytochrome adducts with synthetic locked chromophores. | we performed steady state fluorescence measurements with phytochromes agp1 and agp2 of agrobacterium tumefaciens and three mutants in which photoconversion is inhibited. these proteins were assembled with the natural chromophore biliverdin (bv), with phycoerythrobilin (peb), which lacks a double bond in the ring c-d-connecting methine bridge, and with synthetic bilin derivatives in which the ring c-d-connecting methine bridge is locked. all peb and locked chromophore adducts are photoinactive. a ... | 2010 | 21071442 |
| mtnoa1/rif1 modulates medicago truncatula-sinorhizobium meliloti nodule development without affecting its nitric oxide content. | atnoa1/rif1 (formerly referred to as atnos1) has been shown to modulate nitric oxide (no) content in arabidopsis. as no generation in the legume-rhizobium symbiosis has been shown, the involvement of an atnoa1/rif1 orthologue from medicago truncatula (mtnoa1/rif1) during its symbiotic interaction with sinorhizobium meliloti has been studied. the expression of mtnoa1/rif1 appeared to occur mainly in nodule vascular bundles and the meristematic zone. using an rna interference strategy, transgenic ... | 2010 | 21071678 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of the vegetative dikaryotic mycelium of the cultivated mushroom flammulina velutipes. | agrobacterium tumefaciens was used to transform the vegetative dikaryotic mycelium of flammulina velutipes using a hygromycin b resistance gene as selectable marker. the gene coding for urogen iii methyltransferase (cob) was introduced into f. velutipes dikaryotic cells. the resulting transformant cells generated a bright red fluorescence, indicating that cob is promising as a reporter gene in f. velutipes. | 2010 | 21071861 |
| salkowski's reagent test as a primary screening index for functionalities of rhizobacteria isolated from wild dipterocarp saplings growing naturally on medium-strongly acidic tropical peat soil. | rhizobacteria isolated from wild dipterocarp saplings in central kalimantan, indonesia, were subjected to salkowski's reagent test, which is often used in detecting indolic substances. among 69 isolates grown in a low-nitrogen medium supplemented with l-tryptophan (trp), culture fluids of 29 strains were positive to the test, in which 17 bacteria turned red and other 10 pink. all the red type rhizobacteria actively converted trp into tryptophol (tol), while some yielded indole-3-acetic acid (iaa ... | 2010 | 21071871 |
| most heat-tolerant rhizobia show high induction of major chaperone genes upon stress. | the aims of this study were to evaluate the temperature stress tolerance of chickpea rhizobia and to investigate whether tolerance is related to the species or the site of origin of the isolates. additionally, the molecular bases of temperature stress tolerance in rhizobia were investigated, by comparing the expression of chaperone genes dnakj and groesl in thermotolerant and thermosensitive isolates. tolerance to cold, heat and heat shock was evaluated for 53 mesorhizobia obtained from several ... | 2010 | 21073488 |
| hoeflea anabaenae sp. nov., an epiphytic symbiont that attaches to the heterocysts of a strain of anabaena. | the heterotrophic, epiphytic symbiotic bacterial strain wh2k(t) was previously isolated from a two-member culture in which it was attached to the heterocysts of a strain of anabaena (ssm-00). analysis of its 16s rrna genes demonstrated that the symbiont was most closely related to the type strain of hoeflea marina (96.9% similarity), which belongs to the family phyllobacteriaceae within the order rhizobiales of the class alphaproteobacteria. a polyphasic taxonomic study was performed on strain w ... | 2010 | 21075905 |
| rhizobium pseudoryzae sp. nov., isolated from rice rhizosphere. | a gram-staining-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain j3-a127(t), was isolated from the roots of fresh rice plants (oryza sativa). the cells were non-motile and no flagellum was detected. comparison of 16s rrna gene sequences indicated that the strain was phylogenetically related to species of the genus rhizobium, with closest similarity to rhizobium oryzae alt505(t) (95.8%). the low similarities (less than 90%) found between the gyrb, atpd, reca and glnii sequences of the s ... | 2010 | 21075907 |
| argc orthologs from rhizobiales show diverse profiles of transcriptional efficiency and functionality in sinorhizobium meliloti. | several factors can influence ortholog replacement between closely related species. we evaluated the transcriptional expression and metabolic performance of ortholog substitution complementing a sinorhizobium meliloti argc mutant with argc from rhizobiales (agrobacterium tumefaciens, rhizobium etli, and mesorhizobium loti). the argc gene is necessary for the synthesis of arginine, an amino acid that is central to protein and cellular metabolism. strains were obtained carrying plasmids with argc ... | 2010 | 21075924 |
| qualitative and quantitative detection of agricultural microorganisms expressing iturin and mop cyclase in soils. | the environmental release of genetically engineered microorganisms (gems) to improve agriculture or remediate environmental hazards has raised concern over the fate of the organisms and their engineered genes. to detect the microorganisms released into the environment at the molecular level, bacillus subtilis kb producing iturin and pseudomonas fluorescens mx1 carrying the moc (mannityl opine catabolism) region from the agrobacterium tumefaciens were employed as model microorganisms. using speci ... | 2010 | 21077680 |
| generation of transgenic watermelon resistant to zucchini yellow mosaic virus and papaya ringspot virus type w. | zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) and papaya ringspot virus type w (prsv w) are major limiting factors for production of watermelon worldwide. for the effective control of these two viruses by transgenic resistance, an untranslatable chimeric construct containing truncated zymv coat protein (cp) and prsv w cp genes was transferred to commercial watermelon cultivars by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. using our protocol, a total of 27 putative transgenic lines were obtained from three cul ... | 2010 | 21079966 |
| colutea arborescens is nodulated by diverse rhizobia in eastern morocco. | eighteen isolates of rhizobia isolated from root nodules of colutea arborescens (bladder senna) grown in different soils of the eastern area of morocco were characterized by phenotypic and genomic analyses. all the isolates characterized were fast growers. this is may be due to the isolation procedures used. the phenotypic, symbiotic and cultural characteristics analyzed allowed the description of a wide physiological diversity among tested isolates. the results obtained suggest that the phenoty ... | 2010 | 21082309 |
| rhizoremediation of diesel-contaminated soil using the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium gordonia sp. s2rp-17. | a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (pgpr) was isolated and identified as gordonia sp. s2rp-17, which showed acc deaminase and siderophore synthesizing activities. its maximum specific growth rate was 0.54 ± 0.12 d(-1) at 5,000 mg l(-1) of total petroleum hydrocarbon (tph), and its maximum diesel degradation rate was 2,434.0 ± 124.4 mg l(-1) d(-1) at 20,000 mg l(-1) of tph. the growth of zea mays was significantly promoted by the inoculation of gordonia sp. s2rp-17 in the diesel-contaminated ... | 2010 | 21082332 |
| expression of helicobacter pylori tonb protein in transgenic arabidopsis thaliana: toward production of vaccine antigens in plants. | the aim of this study was to produce a recombinant version of the highly antigenic helicobacter pylori tonb (iron-dependent siderophore transporter protein hp1341) in transgenic plants as a candidate oral vaccine antigen. | 2010 | 21083749 |
| role of symbiotic auxotrophy in the rhizobium-legume symbioses. | rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae mutants unable to transport branched-chain amino acids via the two main amino acid abc transport complexes aapjqmp and bradefgc produce a nitrogen starvation phenotype when inoculated on pea (pisum sativum) plants [1], [2]. bacteroids in indeterminate pea nodules have reduced abundance and a lower chromosome number. they reduce transcription of pathways for branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis and become dependent on their provision by the host. this has been ... | 2010 | 21085630 |
| broad-range antagonistic rhizobacteria pseudomonas fluorescens and serratia plymuthica suppress agrobacterium crown gall tumours on tomato plants. | to examine the biocontrol activity of broad-range antagonists serratia plymuthica ic1270, pseudomonas fluorescens q8r1-96 and p. fluorescens b-4117 against tumourigenic strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens and a. vitis. | 2010 | 21091861 |
| characterization of a f-box gene up-regulated by phytohormones and upon biotic and abiotic stresses in grapevine. | f-box proteins are key components of the ubiquitin (ub)/26s proteasome pathway that mediates selective degradation of regulatory proteins involved in a wide variety of cellular processes affecting eukaryotic cells. in plants, f-box genes form one of the largest multigene superfamilies and control many important biological functions. among the f-box genes characterized to date only few have been involved in the regulation of plant defense responses. moreover, no f-box genes have been studied and ... | 2010 | 21104020 |
| fox-superroots of lotus corniculatus, overexpressing arabidopsis full-length cdna, show stable variations in morphological traits. | using the full-length cdna overexpressor (fox) gene-hunting system, we have generated 130 arabidopsis fox-superroot lines in bird's-foot trefoil (lotus corniculatus) for the systematic functional analysis of genes expressed in roots and for the selection of induced mutants with interesting root growth characteristics. we used the arabidopsis-fox agrobacterium library (constructed by ligating pbig2113sf) for the agrobacterium-mediated transformation of superroots (sr) and the subsequent selection ... | 2010 | 21106274 |
| towards a novel efficient t-dna-based mutagenesis and screening system using green fluorescent protein as a vital reporter in the industrially important fungus trichoderma reesei. | agrobacterium-mediated t-dna transfer has been proven to be an efficient strategy for insertional mutagenesis and elucidation of gene function in filamentous fungi. the implementation of large-scale t-dna insertional mutagenesis requires the development of high-efficient transformation and high-throughput screening procedures. here, using green fluorescent protein (gfp) as a vital marker, a highly efficient t-dna-based mutagenesis and screening system was developed in trichoderma reesei. the uri ... | 2010 | 21108042 |
| endophytic bacterial diversity in roots of typha angustifolia l. in the constructed beijing cuihu wetland (china). | we investigated the community structure of endophytic bacteria in narrowleaf cattail (typha angustifolia l.) roots growing in the beijing cuihu wetland, china, using the 16s rdna library technique. in total, 184 individual sequences were used to assess the diversity of endophytic bacteria. phylogenetic analysis revealed that 161 clones (87.5%) were affiliated with proteobacteria, other clones grouped into cytophaga/flexibacter/bacteroids (3.3%), fusobacteria (3.8%), and nearly 5% were uncultured ... | 2010 | 21111814 |
| identification of virulence genes in the corn pathogen colletotrichum graminicola by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. | a previously developed agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) protocol for the plant pathogenic fungus colletotrichum graminicola led to high rates of tandem integration of the whole ti-plasmid, and was therefore considered to be unsuitable for the identification of pathogenicity and virulence genes by insertional mutagenesis in this pathogen. we used a modified atmt protocol with acetosyringone present only during the co-cultivation of c. graminicola and a. tumefaciens. analys ... | 2011 | 21118348 |
| effect of transgenic rhizobacteria overexpressing citrobacter braakii appa on phytate-p availability to mung bean plants. | rhizosphere microorganisms possessing phytase activity are considered important for rendering phytate-p available to plants. in the present study, citrobacter braakii phytase gene (appa) was over-expressed in rhizobacteria possessing plant growth promoting (pgp) traits for increasing their potential as bioinoculants. appa was cloned under the lac promoter in the broad host-range expression vector pbbr1mcs2. transformation of the recombinant construct pcbappa resulted in high constitutive phytase ... | 2010 | 21124052 |
| rhizobium vallis sp. nov., isolated from nodules of three leguminous species grown in yunnan province of china. | four bacterial strains isolated from root nodules of phaseolus vulgaris, mimosa pudica and indigofera spicata plants grown in yunnan province of china were identified as a lineage within the genus rhizobium according to the analysis of 16s rrna gene sequence, most similar with r. lusitanum p1-7(t) (99.1% sequence similarity) and r. rhizogenes iam13570(t) (99.0%). these strains also formed a distinctive group from the reference strains for defined rhizobium species in a polyphasic approach, inclu ... | 2010 | 21131504 |
| potassium chloride and rare earth elements improve plant growth and increase the frequency of the agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated plant transformation. | plant transformation efficiency depends on the ability of the transgene to successfully interact with plant host factors. our previous work and the work of others showed that manipulation of the activity of host factors allows for increased frequency of transformation. recently we reported that exposure of tobacco plants to increased concentrations of ammonium nitrate increases the frequency of both homologous recombination and plant transgenesis. here we tested the influence of kcl and salts of ... | 2010 | 21132499 |
| arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen uptake. | nitrogen (n) is among the most important macro-nutrients significantly affecting plant growth and yield production. accordingly, n must be supplied adequately so that optimum amounts of yield are resulted. there are different ways of supplying n to the plant including the use of chemical and biological fertilization. the chemical properties of n make it very mobile, especially under humid conditions. hence, n must not be overfertilized with respect to the economical and environmental points of v ... | 2010 | 21136040 |
| a c subunit of the plant nuclear factor nf-y required for rhizobial infection and nodule development affects partner selection in the common bean-rhizobium etli symbiosis. | legume plants are able to interact symbiotically with soil bacteria to form nitrogen-fixing root nodules. although specific recognition between rhizobia and legume species has been extensively characterized, plant molecular determinants that govern the preferential colonization by different strains within a single rhizobium species have received little attention. we found that the c subunit of the heterotrimeric nuclear factor nf-y from common bean (phaseolus vulgaris) nf-yc1 plays a key role in ... | 2010 | 21139064 |
| agroinfiltration as a technique for rapid assays for evaluating candidate insect resistance transgenes in plants. | functional analysis of candidate transgenes for insect resistance in stably transformed plants is a time-consuming task that can take months to achieve in even the fastest of plant models. in this study, a rapid screening technique is described, which employs candidate transgene transient expression using agroinfiltration in nicotiana benthamiana combined with a simple insect bioassay. using this system the known insecticidal protein cry1ac is demonstrated to effectively control helicoverpa zea. ... | 2010 | 21140154 |
| [culture of hairy roots of panax japonicus and ginsenoside re synthesis]. | to establish the induction method and culture system of hairy roots of panax japonicus, and determine ginsenoside re contents. | 2010 | 21141482 |
| ovarian hydrobursitis in female camels (camelus dromedaries): biochemical, bacterial and protozoal evaluation. | the aim of this study was to evaluate female camels affected with ovarian hydrobursitis (n = 31) for hematological and biochemical findings and for bacterial and protozoal infections. blood samples were obtained and surgical ablation of the affected bursa was performed. bursal fluid, follicular fluid, and serum were subjected to hormonal and biochemical analyses. bursal fluids were cultured and colonies were identified using biomérieux vitek two compact system. passive haemagglutination test was ... | 2010 | 21144565 |
| plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and endophytes accelerate phytoremediation of metalliferous soils. | technogenic activities (industrial-plastic, textiles, microelectronics, wood preservatives; mining-mine refuse, tailings, smelting; agrochemicals-chemical fertilizers, farm yard manure, pesticides; aerosols-pyrometallurgical and automobile exhausts; biosolids-sewage sludge, domestic waste; fly ash-coal combustion products) are the primary sources of heavy metal contamination and pollution in the environment in addition to geogenic sources. during the last two decades, bioremediation has emerged ... | 2010 | 21147211 |
| rhizobium pusense sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere of chickpea (cicer arietinum l). | a bacterial strain nrcpb10t was isolated from rhizosphere soil of chickpea (cicer arietinum l), in pusa, new delhi, india.16s rrna gene sequence of the strain nrcpb10t showed the highest similarity 98.9% with rhizobium radiobacter icmp 5785t followed by rhizobium larrymoorei icmp 15237t (97.7%) and rhizobium rubi lmg 17935t (97.4%). phylogenetic analysis of strain nrcpb10t using housekeeping genes reca and atpd revealed their distinct position differing from other recognized rhizobium species. d ... | 2010 | 21148676 |
| a glutamic acid-rich protein identified in verticillium dahliae from an insertional mutagenesis affects microsclerotial formation and pathogenicity. | verticillium dahliae kleb. is a phytopathogenic fungus that causes wilt disease in a wide range of crops, including cotton. the life cycle of v. dahliae includes three vegetative phases: parasitic, saprophytic and dormant. the dormant microsclerotia are the primary infectious propagules, which germinate when they are stimulated by root exudates. in this study, we report the first application of agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) for construction of insertional mutants from ... | 2010 | 21151869 |
| expression of baculovirus anti-apoptotic genes p35 and op-iap in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) enhances tolerance to verticillium wilt. | programmed cell death plays an important role in mediating plant adaptive responses to the environment such as the invasion of pathogens. verticillium wilt, caused by the necrotrophic pathogen verticillium dahliae, is a serious vascular disease responsible for great economic losses to cotton, but the molecular mechanisms of verticillium disease and effective, safe methods of resistance to verticillium wilt remain unexplored. | 2010 | 21151969 |