| indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) production in symbiotic and non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria and its optimization by taguchi design. | production of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) in 35 different symbiotic and non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria strains isolated from soil and plant roots was studied and assayed by chromatography and colorimetric methods. these bacteria included agrobacterium, paenibacillus, rhizobium, klebsiella oxytoca, and azotobacter. the best general medium and synergism effects of isolates for iaa production were investigated. effects of different variables containing physical parameters and key media compo ... | 2010 | 20526603 |
| expression of mycobacterium leprae hsp65 in tobacco and its effectiveness as an oral treatment in adjuvant-induced arthritis. | transgenic plants are able to express molecules with antigenic properties. in recent years, this has led the pharmaceutical industry to use plants as alternative systems for the production of recombinant proteins. plant-produced recombinant proteins can have important applications in therapeutics, such as in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (ra). in this study, the mycobacterial hsp65 protein expressed in tobacco plants was found to be effective as a treatment for adjuvant-induced arthritis ... | 2011 | 20526808 |
| biochemical and molecular characterization of a rhizobitoxine-producing bradyrhizobium from pigeon pea plants. | out of a total of 8 bacterial strains isolated from the root nodules of pigeon pea plants grown in arid region, five were identified as rhizobia based on biochemical test and confirmed by 16s rdna sequencing. pcr based screening for the rtxa gene (involved in biosynthesis of rhizobitoxine) revealed that the gene was present in one strain identified biochemically and genetically as belonging to species bradyrhizobium (bs kt-24). the strain was resistant to phosphomycin, nalidixic acid, kanamycin, ... | 2010 | 20526835 |
| biochemical characterization of l-carnitine dehydrogenases from rhizobium sp. and xanthomonas translucens. | recently, we obtained two l-carnitine dehydrogenases (cdhs) from soil isolates, rhizobium sp. (rs-cdh) and xanthomonas translucens (xt-cdh). the respective molecular masses of rs-cdh and xt-cdh were approximately 50 kda and 37 kda. in this study, the genes encoding both enzymes were cloned. their primary structures exhibited high identities with those of 3-hydroxyacyl-coa dehydrogenases. in addition, rs-cdh had a 180-residue long extra sequence in its c-terminal region. except for the initial 20 ... | 2010 | 20530902 |
| [the structure of the o-specific polysaccharide from a mutant of nitrogen-fixing rhizobacterium azospirillum brasilense sp245 with an altered plasmid content]. | the rhizobacteria azospirillum brasilense sp245 produce antigenically different lipopolysaccharides lpsi and lpsii, both containing identical pentasaccharides built from d-rhamnose residues as the repeated chains of o-specific oligosaccharides (ops). in this study, we report the structure of the ops from a. brasilense lpsi(-)lpsii(-)-mutant sp245.5, which spontaneously lost the p85 and p120 plasmids upon the formation of a new 300-mda megaplasmid after the long-term storage of the bacteria in a ... | 2010 | 20531482 |
| population mixing of rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae nodulating vicia faba: the role of recombination and lateral gene transfer. | the level and mechanisms of population mixing among faba bean (vicia faba) rhizobia of different geographic origins (three ecoregions of china and several western countries) were analysed by sequencing three chromosomal housekeeping loci (atpd, reca and glnii) and one nodulation gene (nodd). eight distinct sublineages of rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae (rlv) were identified by concatenated sequences of chromosomal loci. structure analysis revealed admixture patterns of rlv populations of diff ... | 2010 | 20533948 |
| bacterial profiling of soil using genus-specific markers and multidimensional scaling. | forensic identification of soil based on microbial dna fingerprinting has met with mixed success, with research efforts rarely considering temporal variability or local heterogeneity in soil's microbial makeup. in the research presented, the nitrogen fixing bacteria rhizobia were specifically examined. soils were collected monthly from five habitats for 1 year, and quarterly in each cardinal direction from the main collection site. when all habitats were compared simultaneously using terminal re ... | 2010 | 20533986 |
| imaging of enzyme replacement therapy using pet. | direct enzyme replacement therapy (ert) has been introduced as a means to treat a number of rare, complex genetic conditions associated with lysosomal dysfunction. gaucher disease was the first for which this therapy was applied and remains the prototypical example. although ert using recombinant lysosomal enzymes has been shown to be effective in altering the clinical course of gaucher disease, fabry disease, hurler syndrome, hunter syndrome, maroteaux-lamy syndrome, and pompe disease, the reca ... | 2010 | 20534487 |
| [agrobacterium-mediated in planta transformation of maize germ cells]. | abstract-a transfer dna (t-dna) carrying the marker gene nptii was detected in the genomes of diploid and haploid maize plants obtained after the treatment of pistil filaments with a suspension of agrobacterium during artificial pollination. pcr analysis of total dna isolated from 155 canamycin-resistant diploid f1 seedlings revealed t-dna insertions in the genomes of 111 plants (32.7% of the total number of analyzed seeds). the example of matroclinal haploids was used to demonstrate that t-dna ... | 2010 | 20536030 |
| ggdef and eal proteins play different roles in the control of sinorhizobium meliloti growth, motility, exopolysaccharide production, and competitive nodulation on host alfalfa. | a new bacterial secondary messenger, bis-(3',5')-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-gmp), is usually synthesized or decomposed by proteins containing ggdef or glutamate-alanine-leucine (eal) domain. they often act as cyclase or phosphodiesterase of c-di-gmp and their genes are distributed among almost all bacteria according to known genomic dna sequences. however, the systematic identification of ggdef and eal genes remains unclear in rhizobia, soil bacteria that interact with compatib ... | 2010 | 20539941 |
| effects of co-inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobia on soybean growth as related to root architecture and availability of n and p. | soybean plants can form tripartite symbiotic associations with rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi, but little is known about effects of co-inoculation with rhizobia and am fungi on plant growth, or their relationships to root architecture as well as nitrogen (n) and phosphorus (p) availability. in the present study, two soybean genotypes contrasting in root architecture were grown in a field experiment to evaluate relationships among soybean root architecture, amf colonization, and n ... | 2011 | 20544230 |
| enhancement of the nitrogen fixation efficiency of genetically-engineered rhizobium with high catalase activity. | the vkta catalase gene, which had been cloned from vibrio rumoiensis s-1t having extraordinarily high catalase activity, was introduced into the root nodule bacterium, rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli usda 2676. the catalase activity of the vkta-transformed r. leguminosarum cells (free-living) was three orders in magnitude higher than that of the parent cells and this transformant could grow in a higher concentration of exogenous hydrogen peroxide (h2o2). the vkta-transformant was inoculated ... | 2010 | 20547375 |
| high-efficiency transformation and selective tolerance against biotic and abiotic stress in mulberry, morus indica cv. k2, by constitutive and inducible expression of tobacco osmotin. | osmotin and osmotin-like proteins are stress proteins belonging to the plant pr-5 group of proteins induced in several plant species in response to various types of biotic and abiotic stresses. we report here the overexpression of tobacco osmotin in transgenic mulberry plants under the control of a constitutive promoter (camv 35s) as well as a stress-inducible rd29a promoter. southern analysis of the transgenic plants revealed the stable integration of the introduced genes in the transformants. ... | 2011 | 20549349 |
| stable integration and expression of wasabi defensin gene in "egusi" melon (colocynthis citrullus l.) confers resistance to fusarium wilt and alternaria leaf spot. | production of "egusi" melon (colocynthis citrullus l.) in west africa is limited by fungal diseases, such as alternaria leaf spot and fusarium wilt. in order to engineer "egusi" resistant to these diseases, cotyledonary explants of two "egusi" genotypes, 'ejagham' and nhc1-130, were transformed with agrobacterium tumefaciens strain eha101 harbouring wasabi defensin gene (isolated from wasabia japonica l.) in a binary vector pekh1. after co-cultivation for 3 days, infected explants were transferr ... | 2010 | 20552202 |
| modulation of carotenoid accumulation in transgenic potato by inducing chromoplast formation with enhanced sink strength. | an increasing interest in carotenoids as nutritional sources of provitamin a and health-promoting compounds has prompted a significant effort in metabolic engineering of carotenoid content and composition in food crops. the strategy commonly used in plants is to increase the biosynthetic capacity by altering the carotenogenic enzyme activities. the recent isolation of the or gene from a cauliflower orange mutant has brought a new endeavor for carotenoid enhancement by increasing the sink strengt ... | 2010 | 20552445 |
| over-expression of rate-limiting enzymes to improve alkaloid productivity. | benzylisoquinoline alkaloids are one of the most important groups of secondary metabolites and include the economically important analgesic morphine and the antimicrobial agent berberine. to improve the productivity of these alkaloids, we investigated the effects of putative rate-limiting step enzymes in alkaloid biosynthesis. we constructed several over-expression vectors for biosynthetic enzymes and introduced them into cultured california poppy, a model isoquinoline alkaloid-producing plant. ... | 2010 | 20552446 |
| enrichment of carotenoids in flaxseed by introducing a bacterial phytoene synthase gene. | carotenoids are well-known natural pigments, typically ranging from yellow to red. carotenoids are industrially utilized as functional materials due to their strong antioxidant properties. phytoene synthesis is known to be a rate-determining step in the entire carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in plants. we show methods of pathway engineering for the enrichment of carotenoids in flaxseed (linseed; linum usitatissimum l.), which is an industrially important oleaginous crop. a phytoene synthase gene ... | 2010 | 20552453 |
| engineering high yields of secondary metabolites in rubia cell cultures through transformation with rol genes. | among the different methods currently used to improve yields of secondary metabolites in cultured plant cells, the method involving transformation by rol genes represents an example of relatively new technology. these genes, isolated from plasmids of the plant pathogen agrobacterium rhizogenes, are potential activators of secondary metabolism in transformed cells from the solanaceae, araliaceae, rubiaceae, vitaceae, and rosaceae families. in some cases, the activator effect of individual rol gen ... | 2010 | 20552455 |
| effect of pine bark and compost on the biological denitrification process of non-hazardous landfill leachate: focus on the microbiology. | in an attempt to optimize the cost-efficiency of landfill leachate treatment by biological denitrification process, our study focused on finding low-cost alternatives to traditional expensive chemicals such as composted garden refuse and pine bark, which are both available in large amount in south african landfill sites. the overall objective was to assess the behaviour of the bacterial community in relation to each substrate while treating high strength landfill leachates. denitrification proce ... | 2010 | 20554377 |
| plant-expressed recombinant mountain cedar allergen jun a 1 is allergenic and has limited pectate lyase activity. | mountain cedar (juniperus ashei) pollen commonly causes a winter time allergic rhinitis in the central usa. jun a 1 is the dominant allergenic protein, but biologically active recombinant jun a 1 has not been successfully expressed, despite numerous attempts with several expression systems. | 2010 | 20559000 |
| molecular analysis of two bacterioferritin genes, bfralpha and bfrbeta, in the model rhizobacterium pseudomonas putida kt2440. | the model rhizobacterium pseudomonas putida kt2440 and other fluorescent pseudomonads possess two bacterioferritins, bfralpha and bfrbeta. however, the regulatory systems controlling the expression of these genes and the roles of these proteins in iron homeostasis are ill defined. our studies show that both bfralpha and bfrbeta were monocistronic: promoter motifs and transcriptional start sites were identified, and fur boxes and sigma(s)-dependent regulatory motifs were absent. the expressions o ... | 2010 | 20562273 |
| determinants of pseudomonas putida wcs358 involved in inducing systemic resistance in plants. | summary pseudomonas putida wcs358 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium originally isolated from the rhizosphere of potato. it can suppress soil-borne plant diseases by siderophore-mediated competition for iron, but it has also been reported to result in induced systemic resistance (isr) in arabidopsis thaliana. bacterial determinants of this strain involved in inducing systemic resistance in arabidopsis were investigated using a tn5 transposon mutant defective in biosynthesis of the fluore ... | 2005 | 20565648 |
| backbone-free transformation of barrel medic (medicago truncatula) with a medicago-derived transfer dna. | in the present work, agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation of the model legume medicago truncatula gaertn. (barrel medic) was carried out using the psim843 vector that contains a medicago-derived transfer dna, delineated by a 25-bp sequence homologous to bacterial t-dna borders. the transfer dna contains an expression cassette for the nptii (neomycin phosphotransferase) gene and is flanked by an expression cassette for the backbone integration marker gene ipt (isopentenyl tra ... | 2010 | 20571798 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens exor represses succinoglycan biosynthesis and is required for biofilm formation and motility. | the ubiquitous plant pathogen agrobacterium tumefaciens attaches efficiently to plant tissues and abiotic surfaces and can form complex biofilms. a genetic screen for mutants unable to form biofilms on pvc identified disruptions in a homologue of the exor gene. exor is a predicted periplasmic protein, originally identified in sinorhizobium meliloti, but widely conserved among alphaproteobacteria. disruptions in the a. tumefaciens exor gene result in severely compromised attachment to abiotic sur ... | 2010 | 20576688 |
| electronic nose as an innovative tool for the diagnosis of grapevine crown gall. | for the first time, a portable electronic nose was used to discriminate between healthy and galled grapevines, experimentally inoculated with two tumourigenic strains of agrobacterium vitis. the volatile profile of target cutting samples was analysed by headspace solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. spectra from tumoured samples revealed the presence of styrene which is compatible with decarboxylation of cinnamic acid involved in secondary metabolism of ... | 2010 | 20579484 |
| gene transfer into solanum tuberosum via rhizobium spp. | agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) is the preferred technique for gene transfer into crops. a major disadvantage of the technology remains the complexity of the patent landscape that surrounds atmt which restricts its use for commercial applications. an alternative system has been described (broothaerts et al. in nature 433:629-633, 2005) detailing the propensity of three rhizobia to transform the model crop arabidopsis thaliana, the non-food crop nicotiana tabacum and, at ... | 2011 | 20582626 |
| rhizobium rosettiformans sp. nov., isolated from a hexachlorocyclohexane dump site, and reclassification of blastobacter aggregatus hirsch and muller 1986 as rhizobium aggregatum comb. nov. | a gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile, aerobic bacterial strain, w3(t), was isolated from hexachlorocyclohexane (hch)-contaminated groundwater from lucknow, india, and its taxonomic position was determined using a polyphasic approach. strain w3(t) shared highest 16s rrna gene sequence similarity of 97.8 % with rhizobium selenitireducens b1(t), followed by rhizobium daejeonense l61(t) (97.7 %), rhizobium radiobacter atcc 19358(t) (97.5 %) and blastobacter aggregatus ifam 1003(t) (97.2 %). strain w3 ... | 2011 | 20584817 |
| formation of complexes at plasmodesmata for potyvirus intercellular movement is mediated by the viral protein p3n-pipo. | intercellular transport of viruses through cytoplasmic connections, termed plasmodesmata (pd), is essential for systemic infection in plants by viruses. previous genetic and ultrastructural data revealed that the potyvirus cyclindrical inclusion (ci) protein is directly involved in cell-to-cell movement, likely through the formation of conical structures anchored to and extended through pd. in this study, we demonstrate that plasmodesmatal localization of ci in n. benthamiana leaf cells is modul ... | 2010 | 20585568 |
| enhanced production of melatonin by ectopic overexpression of human serotonin n-acetyltransferase plays a role in cold resistance in transgenic rice seedlings. | serotonin n-acetyltransferase (sna), a rate-limiting enzyme in melatonin biosynthesis in vertebrates, is responsible for the production of n-acetylserotonin; this molecule is then converted to melatonin by hydroxyindole-o-methyltransferase. we generated transgenic rice plants via expression of the human sna gene under the constitutive ubiquitin promoter using agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation. we investigated the role of sna in the biosynthesis of melatonin and the physiological role of ... | 2010 | 20586889 |
| isolation of the endosperm-specific lpaat gene promoter from coconut (cocos nucifera l.) and its functional analysis in transgenic rice plants. | as one of the key tropical crops, coconut (cocos nucifera l.) is a member of the monocotyledonous family aracaceae (palmaceae). in this study, we amplified the upstream region of an endosperm-specific expression gene, lysophosphatidyl acyltransferase (lpaat), from the coconut genomic dna by chromosome walking. in this sequence, we found several types of promoter-related elements including tata-box, caat-box and skn1-motif. in order to further examine its function, three different 5'-deletion fra ... | 2010 | 20589378 |
| antisense-mediated depletion of tomato endoplasmic reticulum omega-3 fatty acid desaturase enhances thermal tolerance. | an endoplasmic reticulum-localized tomato omega-3 fatty acid desaturase gene (lefad3) was isolated. the antisense tomato plants were obtained under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter (35s-camv). northern blot analysis confirmed that the expression of lefad3 was inhibited in the tomato genome. levels of 18:3 decreased and correspondingly levels of 18:2 increased in total lipids of leaves and roots. after heat stress, the fresh weight of the aerial parts of antisense transgen ... | 2010 | 20590987 |
| characterization and expression analysis of medicago truncatula rop gtpase family during the early stage of symbiosis. | rops (rho-related gtpases of plants) are small gtpases that are plant-specific signaling proteins. they act as molecular switches in a variety of developmental processes. in this study, seven cdna clones coding for rop gtpases have been isolated in medicago truncatula, and conserved and divergent domains are identified in these predicted mtrop proteins. phylogenetic analysis has indicated that mtrops are distributed into groups ii, iii, iv but group i. mtrop genes are expressed in various tissue ... | 2010 | 20590994 |
| lipopolysaccharides in rhizobium-legume symbioses. | the establishment of nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between a legume plant and its rhizobial symbiont requires that the bacterium adapt to changing conditions that occur with the host plant that both promotes and allows infection of the host root nodule cell, regulates and resists the host defense response, permits the exchange of metabolites, and contributes to the overall health of the host. this adaptive process involves changes to the bacterial cell surface and, therefore, structural modification ... | 2010 | 20593275 |
| gene encoding gamma-carbonic anhydrase is cotranscribed with argc and induced in response to stationary phase and high co2 in azospirillum brasilense sp7. | carbonic anhydrase (ca) is a ubiquitous enzyme catalyzing the reversible hydration of co2 to bicarbonate, a reaction underlying diverse biochemical and physiological processes. gamma class carbonic anhydrases (gamma-cas) are widespread in prokaryotes but their physiological roles remain elusive. at present, only gamma-ca of methanosarcina thermophila (cam) has been shown to have ca activity. genome analysis of a rhizobacterium azospirillum brasilense, revealed occurrence of orfs encoding one bet ... | 2010 | 20598158 |
| incompatibility behavior of a symbiotic plasmid pmh7653rb in mesorhizobium huakuii 7653r. | mesorhizobium huakuii strain 7653r harbored two indigenous plasmids named pmh7653ra and pmh7653rb. the larger plasmid pmh7653rb (symbiotic plasmid) was transferred to m. huakuii hn308sr harboring three plasmids: pmhhn308a, pmhhn308b and pmhhn308c, and hn3015sr harboring three plasmids: pmhhn3015a, pmhhn3015b and pmhhn3015c by tri-parent mating. two stable indigenous plasmids, pmhhn308b and pmhhn308c of hn308sr, were co-eliminated due to the introduction of pmh7653rb, and the transconjugant was n ... | 2010 | 20602277 |
| genetic compatibility determines endophyte-grass combinations. | even highly mutually beneficial microbial-plant interactions, such as mycorrhizal- and rhizobial-plant exchanges, involve selfishness, cheating and power-struggles between the partners, which depending on prevailing selective pressures, lead to a continuum of interactions from antagonistic to mutualistic. using manipulated grass-endophyte combinations in a five year common garden experiment, we show that grass genotypes and genetic mismatches constrain genetic combinations between the vertically ... | 2010 | 20614034 |
| the rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 systemically suppresses arbuscular mycorrhizal root colonization in a split-root system of barley (hordeum vulgare). | nitrogen-fixing bacteria (rhizobia) form a nodule symbiosis with legumes, but also induce certain effects on non-host plants. here, we used a split-root system of barley to examine whether inoculation with rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 on one side of a split-root system systemically affects arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) root colonization on the other side. mutant strains of ngr234 deficient in nod factor production (strain ngrδnodabc), perception of flavonoids (strain ngrδnodd1) and secretion of typ ... | 2010 | 20618761 |
| characterization of extrachromosomal replicons present in the extended host range rhizobium sp. lpu83. | in several rhizobia, bacteria that inhabit the soil in free-living conditions and associate in symbiosis with the root of legumes as nitrogen-fixing organisms, plasmid dna can constitute a high percentage of the genome. we have characterized acid-tolerant isolates of rhizobia-here represented by the strain rhizobium sp. lpu83-that have an extended nodulation-host range including alfalfa, the common bean, and leucena leucocephala. in this study we analyzed the plasmids of r. sp. lpu83 in order to ... | 2010 | 20621118 |
| medicago truncatula proteomics. | legumes (fabaceae) are unique in their ability to enter into an elaborate symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria. rhizobia-legume (rl) symbiosis represents one of the most productive nitrogen-fixing systems and effectively renders the host plants to be more or less independent of other nitrogen sources. due to high protein content, legumes are among the most economically important crop families. beyond that, legumes consist of over 16,000 species assigned to 650 genera. in most cases, ... | 2010 | 20621211 |
| identification of up-regulated genes of bacillus amyloliquefaciens b55 during the early stage of direct surface contact with rice r109 root. | the early stage of plant-rhizobacteria interaction, affected by plant root exudates and plant-rhizobacteria surface contact, is considered to be critical for plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria colonizing plant roots and initiating the beneficial effects on plant growth. however, little is known about the mechanisms of plant-rhizobacteria surface contact involved in early stage of plant-rhizobacteria interaction. in order to reveal the molecular mechanisms of the surface contact, a rhizobacteri ... | 2011 | 20625734 |
| increasing the amylose content of durum wheat through silencing of the sbeiia genes. | high amylose starch has attracted particular interest because of its correlation with the amount of resistant starch (rs) in food. rs plays a role similar to fibre with beneficial effects for human health, providing protection from several diseases such as colon cancer, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases. amylose content can be modified by a targeted manipulation of the starch biosynthetic pathway. in particular, the inactivation of the enzymes involved in amylopectin sy ... | 2010 | 20626919 |
| analysis of core genes supports the reclassification of strains agrobacterium radiobacter k84 and agrobacterium tumefaciens ake10 into the species rhizobium rhizogenes. | some strains of the former genus agrobacterium have high biotechnological interest and are currently misclassified. consequently, in this study, the taxonomic status of the non-pathogenic strain agrobacterium radiobacter k84, used in biological control, and the tumourigenic strain agrobacterium tumefaciens ake10, able to regenerate tobacco transgenic plants, was revised. the phylogenetic analysis of the chromosomal genes rrs, atpd and reca showed that they should be reclassified into rhizobium r ... | 2010 | 20627641 |
| cedar allergen harvest from tobacco: plant biotechnology for recombinant allergens. | | 2010 | 20628258 |
| a conserved mechanism of gaba binding and antagonism is revealed by structure-function analysis of the periplasmic binding protein atu2422 in agrobacterium tumefaciens. | bacterial periplasmic binding proteins (pbps) and eukaryotic pbp-like domains (also called as venus flytrap modules) of g-protein-coupled receptors are involved in extracellular gaba perception. we investigated the structural and functional basis of ligand specificity of the pbp atu2422, which is implicated in virulence and transport of gaba in the plant pathogen agrobacterium tumefaciens. five high-resolution x-ray structures of atu2422 liganded to gaba, pro, ala, and val and of point mutant at ... | 2010 | 20630861 |
| capsular polysaccharide of the bacterium azospirillum lipoferum sp59b: structure and antigenic specificity. | antigenic differences were revealed between the cell wall outer membrane lipopolysaccharides and the capsular high molecular weight bioglycans for a typical strain of the nitrogen-fixing rhizobacterium azospirillum lipoferum sp59b using antibodies prepared against the homologous lipopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide-protein complex. from the capsular lipopolysaccharide-protein and polysaccharide-lipid complexes of a. lipoferum sp59b, polysaccharides were isolated and their structure was for ... | 2010 | 20632940 |
| biosynthesis of compatible solutes in rhizobial strains isolated from phaseolus vulgaris nodules in tunisian fields. | associated with appropriate crop and soil management, inoculation of legumes with microbial biofertilizers can improve food legume yield and soil fertility and reduce pollution by inorganic fertilizers. rhizospheric bacteria are subjected to osmotic stress imposed by drought and/or nacl, two abiotic constraints frequently found in semi-arid lands. osmostress response in bacteria involves the accumulation of small organic compounds called compatible solutes. whereas most studies on rhizobial osmo ... | 2010 | 20633304 |
| the rold oncogene promotes axillary bud and adventitious root meristems in arabidopsis. | the expression of the agrobacterium rhizogenes rold oncogene induces precocious floral transition and strong flowering potential in tobacco and tomato. here, we describe specific developmental effects induced by expression of rold in arabidopsis. we show that floral transition, as histologically monitored, occurred in rold- plants earlier than in wild type, and this was coupled with a premature and enhanced formation of vegetative and reproductive axillary bud meristems. furthermore, cyp79f1/sup ... | 2010 | 20634083 |
| chitooligosaccharide sensing and downstream signaling: contrasted outcomes in pathogenic and beneficial plant-microbe interactions. | in plants, short chitin oligosaccharides and chitosan fragments (collectively referred to as chitooligosaccharides) are well-known elicitors that trigger defense gene expression, synthesis of antimicrobial compounds, and cell wall strengthening. recent findings have shed new light on chitin-sensing mechanisms and downstream activation of intracellular signaling networks that mediate plant defense responses. interestingly, chitin receptors possess several lysin motif domains that are also found i ... | 2010 | 20635098 |
| borate promotes the formation of a complex between legume agp-extensin and rhamnogalacturonan ii and enhances production of rhizobium capsular polysaccharide during infection thread development in pisum sativum symbiotic root nodules. | the capacity to bind to biomolecules is considered to be the basis for any physiological role of boron (b). legume arabinogalactan protein-extensin (agpe), a major component of the infection thread matrix of legume nodules is a potential b-ligand. therefore, its role in infection threads development was investigated in pisum sativum grown under b deficiency. using the agpe-specific antibody mac265, immunochemical analysis revealed that a 175 kda mac265 antigen was abundant in +b but much weaker ... | 2010 | 20636489 |
| acc deaminase increases the agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation frequency of commercial canola cultivars. | the plant hormone ethylene has been reported to inhibit the agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation efficiency of many plants. in this study, an acds gene that encodes 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) deaminase, an enzyme that breaks down acc, the direct precursor of ethylene biosynthesis in all higher plants, was introduced into a. tumefaciens gv3101::pmp90. it was found that the presence of active acc deaminase in a. tumefaciens reduced ethylene levels produced by plant ti ... | 2010 | 20636976 |
| 22-nucleotide rnas trigger secondary sirna biogenesis in plants. | the effect of rna silencing in plants can be amplified if the production of secondary small interfering rnas (sirnas) is triggered by the interaction of micrornas (mirnas) or sirnas with a long target rna. mirna and sirna interactions are not all equivalent, however; most of them do not trigger secondary sirna production. here we use bioinformatics to show that the secondary sirna triggers are mirnas and transacting sirnas of 22 nt, rather than the more typical 21-nt length. agrobacterium-mediat ... | 2010 | 20643946 |
| o-methyltransferase(s)-suppressed plants produce lower amounts of phenolic vir inducers and are less susceptible to agrobacterium tumefaciens infection. | the first step of agrobacterium tumefaciens/plant interaction corresponds to the activation of a transduction pathway of the bacterium by plant exudate. phenolic compounds rapidly secreted by wounded plant cells induce the expression of bacterial virulence (vir) genes; however, little is known about their biosynthesis in plant. here we show that inoculation of an agrobacterium tumefaciens virulent strain on orthodiphenol-o-methyltransferases-suppressed tobacco plants leads to significantly small ... | 2010 | 20652308 |
| differential production of tropane alkaloids in hairy roots and in vitro cultured two accessions of atropa belladonna l. under nitrate treatments. | plants are a potential source of a large number of valuable secondary metabolites. in vitro cultures are being considered as an alternative to agricultural processes for studying valuable secondary metabolites. in this way, nutritive factors are important parameters influencing the production of these compounds in plants. effects of nitrate concentrations (kno3) on the production of two tropane alkaloids, hyoscyamine and scopolamine, and the growth of aerial parts and roots of two in vitro propa ... | 2010 | 20653239 |
| evidence for virb4-mediated dislocation of membrane-integrated virb2 pilin during biogenesis of the agrobacterium virb/vird4 type iv secretion system. | agrobacterium virb2 pilin is required for assembly of the virb/vird4 type iv secretion system (t4ss). the propilin is processed by signal sequence cleavage and covalent linkage of the n and c termini, and the cyclized pilin integrates into the inner membrane (im) as a pool for assembly of the secretion channel and t pilus. here, by use of the substituted cysteine accessibility method (scam), we defined the virb2 im topology and then identified distinct contributions of the t4ss atpase subunits t ... | 2010 | 20656905 |
| how many peas in a pod? legume genes responsible for mutualistic symbioses underground. | the nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between legume plants and rhizobium bacteria is the most prominent plant-microbe endosymbiotic system and, together with mycorrhizal fungi, has critical importance in agriculture. the introduction of two model legume species, lotus japonicus and medicago truncatula, has enabled us to identify a number of host legume genes required for symbiosis. a total of 26 genes have so far been cloned from various symbiotic mutants of these model legumes, which are involved in r ... | 2010 | 20660226 |
| homologs of aminoacyl-trna synthetases acylate carrier proteins and provide a link between ribosomal and nonribosomal peptide synthesis. | aminoacyl-trna synthetases (aarss) are ancient and evolutionary conserved enzymes catalyzing the formation of aminoacyl-trnas, that are used as substrates for ribosomal protein biosynthesis. in addition to full length aars genes, genomes of many organisms are sprinkled with truncated genes encoding single-domain aars-like proteins, which often have relinquished their canonical role in genetic code translation. we have identified the genes for putative seryl-trna synthetase homologs widespread in ... | 2010 | 20663952 |
| the baca gene homolog, mlr7400, in mesorhizobium loti maff303099 is dispensable for symbiosis with lotus japonicus but partially capable of supporting the symbiotic function of baca in sinorhizobium meliloti. | establishment of rhizobium-legume symbiosis requires a series of mutual authentication, which might involve bacterial evasion of host defense. one such evasion-related genes is sinorhizobium meliloti baca that is essential for bacteroid formation. baca is a transmembrane protein highly similar to escherichia coli sbma, a predicted transporter, and has homologs even in animal pathogens, such as brucella abortus in which the homolog contributes to effective survival in host macrophages. despite su ... | 2010 | 20668224 |
| transient expression systems for plant-derived biopharmaceuticals. | in the molecular farming area, transient expression approaches for pharmaceutical proteins production, mainly recombinant monoclonal antibodies and vaccines, were developed almost two decades ago and, to date, these systems basically depend on agrobacterium-mediated delivery and virus expression machinery. we survey here the current state-of-the-art of this research field. several vectors have been designed on the basis of dna- and rna-based plant virus genomes and viral vectors are used both as ... | 2010 | 20673010 |
| evolutionary dynamics of insertion sequences in relation to the evolutionary histories of the chromosome and symbiotic plasmid genes of rhizobium etli populations. | insertion sequences (is) are mobile genetic elements that are distributed in many prokaryotes. in particular, in the genomes of the symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria collectively known as rhizobia, is are fairly abundant in plasmids or chromosomal islands that carry the genes needed for symbiosis. here, we report an analysis of the distribution and genetic conservation of the is found in the genome of rhizobium etli cfn42 in a collection of 87 rhizobium strains belonging to populations with dif ... | 2010 | 20675442 |
| pyruvate is synthesized by two pathways in pea bacteroids with different efficiencies for nitrogen fixation. | nitrogen fixation in legume bacteroids is energized by the metabolism of dicarboxylic acids, which requires their oxidation to both oxaloacetate and pyruvate. in alfalfa bacteroids, production of pyruvate requires nad+ malic enzyme (dme) but not nadp+ malic enzyme (tme). however, we show that rhizobium leguminosarum has two pathways for pyruvate formation from dicarboxylates catalyzed by dme and by the combined activities of phosphoenolpyruvate (pep) carboxykinase (pcka) and pyruvate kinase (pyk ... | 2010 | 20675477 |
| bathy phytochromes in rhizobial soil bacteria. | phytochromes are biliprotein photoreceptors that are found in plants, bacteria, and fungi. prototypical phytochromes have a pr ground state that absorbs in the red spectral range and is converted by light into the pfr form, which absorbs longer-wavelength, far-red light. recently, some bacterial phytochromes have been described that undergo dark conversion of pr to pfr and thus have a pfr ground state. we show here that such so-called bathy phytochromes are widely distributed among bacteria that ... | 2010 | 20675484 |
| nena, a lotus japonicus homolog of sec13, is required for rhizodermal infection by arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi and rhizobia but dispensable for cortical endosymbiotic development. | legumes form symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhiza (am) fungi and nitrogen fixing root nodule bacteria. intracellular root infection by either endosymbiont is controlled by the activation of the calcium and calmodulin-dependent kinase (ccamk), a central regulatory component of the plant's common symbiosis signaling network. we performed a microscopy screen for lotus japonicus mutants defective in am development and isolated a mutant, nena, that aborted fungal infection in the rhizodermis. nena en ... | 2010 | 20675572 |
| urate is a ligand for the transcriptional regulator pecs. | pecs is a member of the marr (multiple antibiotic resistance regulator) family, which has been shown in erwinia to regulate the expression of virulence genes. marr homologs typically bind a small molecule ligand, resulting in attenuated dna binding. for pecs, the natural ligand has not been identified. we have previously shown that urate is a ligand for the deinococcus radiodurans-encoded marr homolog hucr (hypothetical uricase regulator) and identified residues responsible for ligand binding. w ... | 2010 | 20678501 |
| decreased ros level and activation of antioxidant gene expression in agrobacterium rhizogenes pria4-transformed calli of rubia cordifolia. | microbe-plant interactions often lead to a decrease in the reactive oxygen species (ros) level of plant cells, which allows pathogen survival through the suppression of plant immune responses. in the present investigation, we tested whether transformation of rubia cordifolia cells by agrobacterium rhizogenes had a similar effect. we isolated partial cdna sequences of ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and cu/zn superoxide dismutase genes (rcapx1, rcapx2, rcapx3, rccat1, rccat2, rccsd1, rccsd2 and rc ... | 2010 | 20680642 |
| resveratrol content and expression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and stilbene synthase genes in rolc transgenic cell cultures of vitis amurensis. | resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenol, has been reported to exhibit a wide range of valuable biological and pharmacological properties. in the present investigation, we show that transformation of vitis amurensis rupr. with the oncogene rolc of agrobacterium rhizogenes increased resveratrol production in the two transformed callus cultures 3.7 and 11.9 times. the rolc-transformed calli were capable of producing 0.099% and 0.144% dry weight of resveratrol. we characterized phenylalanine a ... | 2010 | 20683716 |
| the biodiversity of beneficial microbe-host mutualism: the case of rhizobia. | symbiotic nitrogen fixation is the main route for sustainable input of nitrogen into ecosystems. nitrogen fixation in agriculture can be improved by inoculation of legume crops with suitable rhizobia. knowledge of the biodiversity of rhizobia and of local populations is important for the design of successful inoculation strategies. soybeans are major nitrogen-fixing crops in many parts of the world. bradyrhizobial inoculants for soybean are very diverse, yet classification and characterization o ... | 2010 | 20685242 |
| community- and genome-based views of plant-associated bacteria: plant-bacterial interactions in soybean and rice. | diverse microorganisms are living as endophytes in plant tissues and as epiphytes on plant surfaces in nature. questions about driving forces shaping the microbial community associated with plants remain unanswered. because legumes developed systems to attain endosymbioses with rhizobia as well as mycorrhizae during their evolution, the above questions can be addressed using legume mutants relevant to genes for symbiosis. analytical methods for the microbial community have recently been advanced ... | 2010 | 20685969 |
| agrobacterium-produced and exogenous cytokinin-modulated agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation. | agrobacterium tumefaciens is a plant pathogenic bacterium that causes neoplastic growths, called 'crown gall', via the transfer and integration of transferred dna (t-dna) from the bacterium into the plant genome. we characterized an acetosyringone (as)-induced tumour-inducing (ti) plasmid gene, tzs (trans-zeatin synthesizing), that is responsible for the synthesis of the plant hormone cytokinin in nopaline-type a. tumefaciens strains. the loss of tzs protein expression and trans-zeatin secretion ... | 2010 | 20696005 |
| the roles of plant phenolics in defence and communication during agrobacterium and rhizobium infection. | phenolics are aromatic benzene ring compounds with one or more hydroxyl groups produced by plants mainly for protection against stress. the functions of phenolic compounds in plant physiology and interactions with biotic and abiotic environments are difficult to overestimate. phenolics play important roles in plant development, particularly in lignin and pigment biosynthesis. they also provide structural integrity and scaffolding support to plants. importantly, phenolic phytoalexins, secreted by ... | 2010 | 20696007 |
| development of efficient plant regeneration and transformation system for impatiens using agrobacterium tumefaciens and multiple bud cultures as explants. | impatiens (impatiens walleriana) is a top selling floriculture crop. the potential for genetic transformation of impatiens to introduce novel flower colors or virus resistance has been limited by its general recalcitrance to tissue culture and transformation manipulations. we have established a regeneration and transformation system for impatiens that provides new alternatives to genetic improvement of this crop. | 2010 | 20696066 |
| accumulation of copper in trichoderma reesei transformants, constructed with the modified agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation technique. | a modified agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method was established for the construction of mutants with improved copper tolerance and accumulation capability in trichoderma reesei. one transformant, at01, exhibited the highest copper accumulation capability. with copper at 0.7 mm, at01 removed 13 mg copper/g biomass (removal rate of 96%), whereas the wild-type strain removed only 6 mg copper/g biomass (removal rate of 50%). optimal conditions were a ph of 5.0 at 28°c. the pigmen ... | 2010 | 20697931 |
| use of a new gelling agent (eladium©) as an alternative to agar-agar and its adaptation to screen biofilm-forming yeasts. | the incidence of yeast-induced infections has increased in the last decade, mainly because of the increasing number of immunodeficient patients. since biofilm production is believed to be responsible for fungal virulence, we propose screening yeasts of various genera in order to determine their ability to form biofilms. this is an important issue because yeast cells that form biofilms are particularly resistant to anti-fungal agents used in human patients. for screening, we used eladium©, a new ... | 2010 | 20703874 |
| mapping the subgenomic rna promoter of the citrus leaf blotch virus coat protein gene by agrobacterium-mediated inoculation. | citrus leaf blotch virus has a single-stranded positive-sense genomic rna (grna) of 8747 nt organized in three open reading frames (orfs). the orf1, encoding a polyprotein involved in replication, is translated directly from the grna, whereas orfs encoding the movement (mp) and coat (cp) proteins are expressed via 3' coterminal subgenomic rnas (sgrnas). we characterized the minimal promoter region critical for the cp-sgrna expression in infected cells by deletion analyses using agrobacterium-med ... | 2010 | 20708769 |
| an embryogenic suspension cell culture system for agrobacterium-mediated transformation of citrus. | a method for the genetic transformation of several citrus cultivars is described, including cultivars observed to be recalcitrant to conventional epicotyl-mediated transformation. embryogenic cell suspension cultures, established from unfertilized ovules were used as target tissues for agrobacterium-mediated transformation. several modifications were made to the culture environment to investigate factors required for efficient transfer of the t-dna and the subsequent regeneration of transgenic c ... | 2010 | 20711728 |
| fluorous iminoalditols: a new family of glycosidase inhibitors and pharmacological chaperones. | a collection of new reversible glycosidase inhibitors of the iminoalditol type featuring n-substituents containing perfluorinated regions has been prepared for evaluation of physicochemical, biochemical and diagnostic properties. the vast variety of feasible oligofluoro moieties allows for modular approaches to customised structures according to the intended applications, which are influenced by the fluorine content as well as the distance of the fluorous moiety from the ring nitrogen. the first ... | 2010 | 20715263 |
| characterization and functional analysis of seven flagellin genes in rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae. characterization of r. leguminosarum flagellins. | rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae establishes symbiotic nitrogen fixing partnerships with plant species belonging to the tribe vicieae, which includes the genera vicia, lathyrus, pisum and lens. motility and chemotaxis are important in the ecology of r. leguminosarum to provide a competitive advantage during the early steps of nodulation, but the mechanisms of motility and flagellar assembly remain poorly studied. this paper addresses the role of the seven flagellin genes in producing a functio ... | 2010 | 20716375 |
| serratia odorifera: analysis of volatile emission and biological impact of volatile compounds on arabidopsis thaliana. | bacteria emit a wealth of volatiles. the combination of coupled gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (gc/ms) and proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (ptr-ms) analyses provided a most comprehensive profile of volatiles of the rhizobacterium serratia odorifera 4rx13. an array of compounds, highly dominated by sodorifen (approximately 50%), a bicyclic oligomethyl octadiene, could be detected. other volatiles included components of the biogeochemical sulfur cycle such as dimethyl disulfide (d ... | 2010 | 20717666 |
| promotion of monacolin k production by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation in monascus albidus 9901. | the binary vector pcambia3300-gpda-hph-trpc with hygromycin b phosphotransferase (hph) was constructed and transformed into monascus albidus 9901 by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, with gene hph as the selective marker. in order to improve the efficiency of a. tumefaciens-mediated transformation in m. albidus 9901, we optimized various factors including concentration of m. albidus 9901 spores, cell density of a. tumefaciens, co-cultivation time, temperature, and acetosyringone ... | 2011 | 20717674 |
| [transposition of the maize transposable element dspm in transgenic sugar beets]. | transgenic sugar beet plants carrying maize spmn/dspm transposable elements system have been constructed. heterologous system of maize transposable elements spm/dspm was active in transgenic sugar beets that permits transposon-based gene tagging and obtaining of marker-free transgenic sugar beet. | 2010 | 20722280 |
| long-term hg pollution-induced structural shifts of bacterial community in the terrestrial isopod (porcellio scaber) gut. | in previous studies we detected lower species richness and lower hg sensitivity of the bacteria present in egested guts of porcellio scaber (crustacea, isopoda) from chronically hg polluted than from unpolluted environment. basis for such results were further investigated by sequencing of 16s rrna genes of mercury-resistant (hgr) isolates and clone libraries. we observed up to 385 times higher numbers of hgr bacteria in guts of animals from polluted than from unpolluted environment. the majority ... | 2010 | 20724045 |
| phaseolus vulgaris is nodulated in northern spain by rhizobium leguminosarum strains harboring two nodc alleles present in american rhizobium etli strains: biogeographical and evolutionary implications. | in this study a collection of rhizobial strains were isolated from effective nodules of phaseolus vulgaris in a wide region of northern spain, which is the major producer region of this legume in spain. the analysis of their core genes, rrs, atpd, and reca, and the 16s-23s intergenic spacer showed that all isolates belong to the phylogenetic group of rhizobium leguminosarum and some of them were identical to those of strains nodulating vicia or trifolium. none of the isolates was identified as r ... | 2010 | 20725128 |
| component identification of electron transport chains in curdlan-producing agrobacterium sp. atcc 31749 and its genome-specific prediction using comparative genome and phylogenetic trees analysis. | agrobacterium sp. atcc 31749 (formerly named alcaligenes faecalis var. myxogenes) is a non-pathogenic aerobic soil bacterium used in large scale biotechnological production of curdlan. however, little is known about its genomic information. dna partial sequence of electron transport chains (etcs) protein genes were obtained in order to understand the components of etc and genomic-specificity in agrobacterium sp. atcc 31749. degenerate primers were designed according to etc conserved sequences in ... | 2010 | 20730594 |
| metabolic responses of taxus media transformed cell cultures to the addition of methyl jasmonate. | dedifferentiated taxus media cell cultures presenting the same genetic characteristics as the parent culture were established from transformed roots. two transformed cell lines were studied: rol c, carrying the t-dna of a. rhizogenes 9,402 and txs, carrying both the t-dna of a. rhizogenes and the txs transgene of t. baccata under the control of the 35s camv promoter. in the second part of a previously optimized two-stage system, the transformed cell lines were cultured in a production medium sup ... | 2010 | 20730769 |
| an extensive case study of hairy-root cultures for enhanced secondary-metabolite production through metabolic-pathway engineering. | an intrinsic improvement is taking place in the methodologies for the development of culture systems with first-rate production of plant-based molecules. the blending of hr (hairy root) cultures with me (metabolic engineering) approaches offers new insights into, and possibilities for, improving the system productivity for known and/or novel high-value plant-derived active compounds. the introduction and expression of foreign genes in plants results in improvement of cellular activities by manip ... | 2010 | 20731622 |
| utilizing bimolecular fluorescence complementation (bifc) to assay protein-protein interaction in plants. | protein function is often mediated by the formation of stable or transient complexes. here we present a method for testing protein-protein interactions in plants designated bimolecular fluorescence complementation (bifc). the advantages of bifc are its simplicity, reliability, and the ability to observe protein-protein interactions in different cellular compartments including membranes. bifc is based on splitting the yellow fluorescent protein (yfp) into two nonoverlapping n-terminal (yn) and c- ... | 2010 | 20734272 |
| a ubiquitin-10 promoter-based vector set for fluorescent protein tagging facilitates temporal stability and native protein distribution in transient and stable expression studies. | fluorescent tagging of proteins and confocal imaging techniques have become methods of choice in analysing the distributions and dynamic characteristics of proteins at the subcellular level. in common use are a number of strategies for transient expression that greatly reduce the preparation time in advance of imaging, but their applications are limited in success outside a few tractable species and tissues. we previously developed a simple method to transiently express fluorescently-tagged prot ... | 2010 | 20735773 |
| flavonoid-induced calcium signalling in rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae. | • legume-rhizobium symbiosis requires a complex dialogue based on the exchange of diffusible signals between the partners. compatible rhizobia express key nodulation (nod) genes in response to plant signals - flavonoids - before infection. host plants sense counterpart rhizobial signalling molecules - nod factors - through transient changes in intracellular free-calcium. here we investigate the potential involvement of ca(2+) in the symbiotic signalling pathway activated by flavonoids in rhizobi ... | 2010 | 20738787 |
| escherichia coli mutants that synthesize dephosphorylated lipid a molecules. | the lipid a moiety of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide is a hexaacylated disaccharide of glucosamine that is phosphorylated at the 1 and 4' positions. expression of the francisella novicida lipid a 1-phosphatase fnlpxe in e. coli results in dephosphorylation of the lipid a proximal unit. coexpression of fnlpxe and the rhizobium leguminosarum lipid a oxidase rllpxq in e. coli converts much of the proximal glucosamine to 2-amino-2-deoxygluconate. expression of the f. novicida lipid a 4'-phospha ... | 2010 | 20795687 |
| trastuzumab-binding peptide display by tobacco mosaic virus. | human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (her2/neu) is a target for the humanized monoclonal antibody trastuzumab. recently, trastuzumab-binding peptides (tbp) of her2/neu that inhibit proliferation of breast cancer cells were identified. we have now studied conditions of efficient assembly in vivo of tobacco mosaic virus (tmv)-based particles displaying tbp on its surface. the system is based on an agrobacterium-mediated co-delivery of binary vectors encoding tmv rna and coat protein (cp) with ... | 2010 | 20801474 |
| molecular diversity of native rhizobia trapped by five field pea genotypes in indian soils. | five pea cultivars; hfp 4, hvp 3-5, hfp 9426, jayanti and hariyal, being grown in ccs haryana agricultural university farm were used to isolate native rhizobia. selected 54 rhizobia, from all cultivars, were authenticated as rhizobia by plant infectivity test. along with nodulation, symbiotic effectiveness in terms of symbiotic ratios showed wide range of effectiveness of pea rhizobia from 1.11 to 5.0. dna of all the 54 rhizobia was extracted and amplified by pcr, using eric and 16s rdna primers ... | 2011 | 20806252 |
| endocytosis in plant-microbe interactions. | plants encounter throughout their life all kinds of microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, or oomycetes, with either friendly or unfriendly intentions. during evolution, plants have developed a wide range of defense mechanisms against attackers. in return, adapted microbes have developed strategies to overcome the plant lines of defense, some of these microbes engaging in mutualistic or parasitic endosymbioses. by sensing microbe presence and activating signaling cascades, the plasma membrane ... | 2010 | 20814704 |
| [cloning of keratinocyte growth factor 2 gene (kgf2) and its transformation to brassica napus l]. | recently, more research about the plant bioreactor expressing genes encoding human proteins was reported. in the present study, the cdna of the human gene keratinocyte growth factor 2 (kgf2) was replaced with plant preferred codons by pcr, and the modified full-length cdna was cloned into the plant expression vector pcambia-yo containing the oil-body promoter. the fusion construct pcambia-yo-kgf2 was transformed into brassica napus by agrobacterium tumefacien-mediated cotyledon transformation me ... | 2010 | 20815256 |
| structures of the lipopolysaccharides from rhizobium leguminosarum rbl5523 and its udp-glucose dehydrogenase mutant (exo5). | rhizobial lipopolysaccharide (lps) is required to establish an effective symbiosis with its host plant. an exo5 mutant of rhizobium leguminosarum rbl5523, strain rbl5808, is defective in udp-glucose (glc) dehydrogenase that converts udp-glc to udp-glucuronic acid (glca). this mutant is unable to synthesize either udp-glca or udp-galacturonic acid (gala) and is unable to synthesize extracellular and capsular polysaccharides, lacks gala in its lps and is defective in symbiosis (laus mc, logman tj, ... | 2011 | 20817634 |
| relationship of bacillus amyloliquefaciens clades associated with strains dsm7t and fzb42: a proposal for bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. amyloliquefaciens subsp. nov. and bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum subsp. nov. based on their discriminating complete genome sequences. | the whole genome sequenced rhizobacterium fzb42 (chen et al., 2007) and other plant-associated bacillus strains either designated as bacillus amyloliquefaciens or bacillus subtilis are used commercially to promote growth and health of crop plants. previous investigations revealed that the strains represent an own ecotype related to b. amyloliquefaciens, however its exact taxonomic position remains elusive (reva et al., 2004). here we have demonstrated ability to colonize arabidopsis roots for a ... | 2010 | 20817842 |
| asymptomatic catheter related rhizobium radiobacter infection in a haploidentical hemapoetic stem cell recipient. | catheter related infections are reported as one of the most common source of nosocomial infections. rhizobium radibacter infections are generally manifested by fever and leukocytosis. here, a 14 months-old girl diagnosed as t (-) b (-) nk (+) severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) is presented. she had received repeated (x3) unconditioned haploidentical hematopoetic stem cell transplantations. during the follow-up, she has been arised an asymptomatic infection with r. radiobacter, which was iso ... | 2010 | 20818107 |
| proteome analysis of arabidopsis seedlings exposed to bacterial volatiles. | plant root-associated bacteria (rhizobacteria) elicit plant basal immunity referred to as induced systemic resistance (isr) against multiple pathogens. among multi-bacterial determinants involving such isr, the induction of isr and promotion of growth by bacterial volatile compounds was previously reported. to exploit global de novo expression of plant proteins by bacterial volatiles, proteomic analysis was performed after exposure of arabidopsis plants to the rhizobacterium bacillus subtilis gb ... | 2010 | 20820802 |
| [establishment of transformation system in mulberry and biosynthesis of quercetin]. | to establish the transformation system of mulberry, and test its ability of quercetin biosynthesis. | 2010 | 20822005 |
| biological activity of the agrobacterium rhizogenes-derived trolc gene of nicotiana tabacum and its functional relation to other plast genes. | agrobacterium rhizogenes induces hairy roots through the activity of three essential t-dna genes, rola, rolb, and rolc, whereas the orf13 gene acts as an accessory root-inducing gene. rolb, rolc, and orf13 belong to the highly diverged plast gene family with remotely related representatives in the endomycorrhizal basidiomycete laccaria bicolor. nicotiana glauca and n. tabacum contain a. rhizogenes-derived t-dnas with active plast genes. here, we report on the properties of a rolc homolog in n. t ... | 2011 | 20822423 |
| phaseolus vulgaris seed-borne endophytic community with novel bacterial species such as rhizobium endophyticum sp. nov. | the bacterial endophytic community present in different phaseolus vulgaris (bean) cultivars was analyzed by 16s ribosomal rna gene sequences of cultured isolates derived from surface disinfected roots and immature seeds. isolated endophytes from tissue-macerates belonged to over 50 species in 24 different genera and some isolates from acinetobacter, bacillus, enterococcus, nocardioides, paracoccus, phyllobacterium, and sphingomonas seem to correspond to new lineages. phytate solubilizing bacteri ... | 2010 | 20822874 |
| necessary and sufficient conditions for the asymmetric synthesis of chiral amines using ω-aminotransferases. | the half reactions of ω-aminotransferase (ω-at) from vibrio fluvialis js17 (ω-atvf) were carried out using purified pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-enzyme (plp-enz) and pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate-enzyme (pmp-enz) complexes to investigate the relative activities of substrates. in the reaction generating pmp-enz from plp-enz using l-alanine as an amine donor, l-alanine showed about 70% of the initial reaction rate of (s)-α-methylbenzylamine ((s)-α-mba). however, in the subsequent half reaction recycling plp ... | 2011 | 20824676 |