| [arthrobacter globiformis - a new yeast-lysing bacterium]. | a bacterium capable to lyse viable yeast cells was isolated from compost enriched with baker's yeast cells and was identified as arthrobacter globiformis. the yeast lytic enzyme complex produced by shaking culture was precipitated with ammonium sulfate, dialyzed and lyophilized. the crude residue contained beta-glucanase and alpha-mannanase, yet not chitinase. optimale carbon sources in the culture medium for a high enzyme synthesis were 0.5% beta-glucan for the production of beta-glucanase, res ... | 1982 | 7157841 |
| isolation and characterization of a pentachlorophenol-degrading bacterium. | with a new enrichment protocol, pentachlorophenol (pcp)-degrading bacteria were isolated from soil, water, and sewage. when characterized, all isolates were related and shared characteristics of the genus arthrobacter. growth rates for strain nc were determined for a number of substrates, including pcp and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol. changes in pcp concentration affected growth rate and length of the lag phase but not cell yield. increasing the ph from 6.8 to 7.8 decreased the length of the lag phase ... | 1982 | 7159084 |
| muscle glycolipids in inherited muscular dystrophy of chickens. | gangliosides and neutral glycolipids of muscles from normal and dystrophic chickens were studied. total glycolipid content of the degenerating muscles was higher than the normal muscles. in addition, the myopathic muscles contained a ganglioside which was absent in the unaffected muscles from normal and dystrophic chickens. based on the thin-layer chromatographic mobility, treatment with neuraminidases from vibrio cholerae and arthrobacter ureafaciens, and reactivity of the asialo-derivative tow ... | 1982 | 7160480 |
| lipids in the classification of nocardioides: reclassification of arthrobacter simplex (jensen) lochhead in the genus nocardioides (prauser) emend. o'donnell et al. as nocardioides simplex comb. nov. | representative strains of nocardioides, arthrobacter simplex and arthrobacter tumescens were degraded by acid methanolysis and the fatty acid esters released examined by thin-layer and gas chromatography. branched-chain 14-methylpentadecanoic acid (iso-16) was the predominant component in all but one of the nocardioides strains. arthrobacter simplex also contained major amounts of this acid whereas a. tumescens had only minor amounts. all of the test strains possessed 15 and 17 carbon straight c ... | 1982 | 7171289 |
| structural features of cytochalasins responsible for gram-positive bacterial inhibitions. | a study of the relative effectiveness of some eighteen natural and synthetically modified cytochalasins on the uptake of glucose by the gram-positive bacterium arthrobacter sialophilus showed that cytochalasins b, c or d and aspochalasins a, c or d were inactive natural congeners. the presence of an alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl group in the macrolide moiety of these compounds with appropriate bioisosteric placement, as exemplified by cytochalasin a and aspochalasin b, are requisite molecular ... | 1982 | 7174519 |
| distribution of beta-lactam and beta-lactone producing bacteria in nature. | over one million bacteria were isolated from a large variety of soil, plant and water samples collected from different environments and examined in an extremely sensitive and highly specific screen for beta-lactam production. a group of seven related monocyclic beta-lactams (monobactams) were isolated from strains representing four genera-agrobacterium, chromobacterium, gluconobacter and pseudomonas. monobactam-producing strains of agrobacterium and pseudomonas were isolated only rarely. produci ... | 1982 | 7174535 |
| isolation and characterisation of sterol metabolites formed by an arthrobacter species. | | 1982 | 7184854 |
| influence of methylheptenone and related phytoplankton norcarotenoids on heterotrophic aquatic bacteria. | certain norcarotenoids, which have recently been found as excretion products of freshwater cyanobacteria and algae, are potent inhibitors of different metabolic functions in heterotrophic bacteria. 6-methylhept-5-en-2-one showed the strongest effects and acted as a noncompetitive inhibitor of both glucose uptake and respiration by aquatic isolates of chromobacterium lividum and arthrobacter sp. inhibition of the heterotrophic potential of glucose uptake by 6-methylhept-5-en-2-one was characteriz ... | 1981 | 7214229 |
| inhibition of fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans, the causal agent of pine pitch canker, by the soil bacterium arthrobacter sp. | a species of arthrobacter was recovered during culture of the causal organism of pitch canker of southern pines. fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans (fms). arthrobacter is a relatively common soil bacterium and is lytic to several fungal pathogens in the soil. soil samples from two seed orchards with pitch canker and one from a healthy pine plantation all yielded arthrobacter. these isolates were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the growth of fms isolates from pitch canker tissue and fr ... | 1981 | 7214230 |
| [bacterial population dynamics in a soil--plant system]. | the dynamics of rhizobium leguminosarum and arthrobacter crystallopoietes populations introduced into soil at different levels of density was studied in a zone near barley roots. microbial life with a high rate of growth was found only at the root surface. for a. crystallopoietes, the ultimate bacterial incidence at the root surface was found to depend on the original level of population density. for rh. leguminosarum, the ultimate incidence was shown to reach an identical level irrespective of ... | 1981 | 7219211 |
| [utilization of 4-chlorobenzoic acid by arthrobacter globiformis]. | a strain of arthrobacter globiformis utilizing 4-chlorobenzoic acid as a sole source of carbon and energy was isolated by the method of enrichment cultures from vegetable garden soil near moscow. the yield of released chlorine upon the utilization of 4-chlorobenzoic acid exceeded 96% of the theoretically possible one. biotin stimulated noticeably the utilization of the acid. the concentration of 4-chlorobenzoic acid that apparently did not inhibit the growth of the isolated organism was within t ... | 1981 | 7219218 |
| [isolation and characterization of microorganisms with mannanase activity]. | twenty-three strains of soil microorganisms synthetizing extracellular mannanase were isolated on the medium containing baker's yeast mannan as the sole carbon source. ten most active strains were identified with respect to their genera. these microorganisms proved capable to hydrolyze mannans, whose mannopyranose units were bound by alpha-1,2-and alpha-1,6-bonds. in addition, 5 of these strains were able to hydrolyze mannans whose mannose residues were bound by alpha-1,3-bond, and 2 strains cou ... | 1980 | 7220513 |
| arthrobacter p1, a fast growing versatile methylotroph with amine oxidase as a key enzyme in the metabolism of methylated amines. | a facultative methylotrophic bacterium was isolated from enrichment cultures containing methylamine as the sole carbon source. it was tentatively identified as an arthrobacter species. extracts of cells grown on methylamine or ethylamine contained high levels of amine oxidase (e.c. 1.4.3) activity. glucose- or choline-grown cells lacked this enzyme. oxidation of primary amines by the enzyme resulted in the formation of h2o2; as a consequence high levels of catalase were present in methylamine- a ... | 1981 | 7224781 |
| [microbial transformation of 16 beta-methyl-5 alpha-delta 9(11)-pregnene-3 beta, 17 alpha, 21-triol-20-one-3 beta, 21-diacetate and 17 alpha-methyl-17 beta-hydroxy-5 alpha-androstan-3-one (author's transl)]. | | 1981 | 7246181 |
| the effect of phytohormones produced by arthrobacter sp. on the phosphatase activity in plant roots. | phytohormonal activity (auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins) was tested in the supernatant of a culture of arthrobacter sp. crude extract of the phytohormonal fraction was used as substrate for the growth of lactuca sativa seedlings. treating with bacterial hormones resulted in an increased plant develop- ment. furthermore, a sharp increase of the acid phosphatase activity was observed in the roots. | 1981 | 7262713 |
| bacterial degradation of 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenylacetic and 3-ketoglutaric acids. | when grown at the expense of 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenylacetic acid, a species of arthrobacter readily oxidized 3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenylacetic acid, but other structurally related aromatic acids were oxidized only slowly. cell extracts contained a dioxygenase for 3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenylacetate, and the corresponding trihydroxy acid, which was not attacked by the enzyme, inhibited oxidation of this ring-fission substrate. cell suspensions did not release carbon dioxide from 3,4-[methoxyl-14 ... | 1981 | 7263613 |
| 2,3-dehydro-4-epi-n-acetylneuraminic acid; a neuraminidase inhibitor. | treatment of n-acetylneuraminic acid methyl ester with sulfuric acid and acetic anhydride at 50 degrees followed by deacetylation gave 2,3-dehydro-2-deoxy-n-acetylneuraminic acid methyl ester and methyl 5-acetamido-2,6-anhydro-2,3,5-trideoxy-d-glycero-d-talo-non-2-enonate (2,3-dehydro-4-epi-neuac methyl ester) in equal yields (approximately 40% each). the structure of the latter was ascertained primarily from analysis of its mass spectrum and 1h- and 13c-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. the r ... | 1981 | 7273035 |
| [3-oxosteroid-delta 1-dehydrogenase localization in mycobacterium rubrum and arthobacter globiformis cells]. | osmotically susceptible forms were obtained from mycobacterium rubrum and arthrobacter globiformis (mycobacterium globiforme) cells. the activity of 3-oxosteroid-delta 1-dehydrogenase was comparatively estimated in subcellular fractions after differential centrifugation of cell homogenates prepared either mechanically or by lysis of osmotically susceptible forms. the results indicate that the enzyme is located in the cells of the above microorganisms in both the free state (in the fraction of so ... | 1981 | 7311905 |
| the release of n-acetyl- and n-glycolloyl-neuraminic acid from soluble complex carbohydrates and erythrocytes by bacterial, viral and mammalian sialidases. | a series of substrates, sialyl(2 leads to 6)galnac and ganglioside gm3, containing either n-acetylneuraminic acid (acneu) or n-glycolloylneuraminic acid (gcneu), has been prepared. the trisaccharide gcneu(2 leads to 3)lactose was preapred by ozonolysis of gcneu-gm3, and the disaccharides acneu(2 leads to 6)galnac and gcneu(2 leads to 6)galnac were isolated from bovine submandibular-gland mucin by alkali elimination. sialidases from newcastle-disease virus, fowl-plague virus, influenza virus a2, ... | 1981 | 7325957 |
| enzymic formation of difructose anhydride iv from bacterial levan. | a novel enzyme for producing difructose anhydride iv (di-d-fructofuranose 2,6' : 6,2' dianhydride) from levan of bacillus mesentericus was prepared from a culture of arthrobacter ureafaciens, and the conditions and method to determine the enzymatic activity were determined. levan of bacillus subtilis also yielded the difructose dianhydride, but inulin, inulobiose, sucrose, levanbiose, and levantriose did not produce it on enzymic reaction under similar test conditions. | 1981 | 7338521 |
| [glycomacropeptide from whey: a substrate for determining the activity of bacterial neuraminidases]. | | 1981 | 7345910 |
| [arthrobacter simplex var. amylolyticus var. nov., a producer of a hexaene antibiotic in the fradicin-mycelin group]. | | 1980 | 7356309 |
| malonichrome, a new iron chelate from fusarium roseum. | the predominant iron chelates, or siderochromes, produced by the fungus, fusarium roseum during culture periods up to seven days are the ester type fusarinine compounds. during longer periods of incubation, the fusarinine compounds completely disappear from the culture medium and are replaced by a new siderochrome. the new compound has been isolated, purified, and its structure determined. it is a cyclic hexapeptide containing one residue of l-alanine, two residues of glycine and three residues ... | 1980 | 7388041 |
| bioconversion of pregnenolone to 1,4 androstadiene 3,17 dione by arthrobacter simplex. | | 1980 | 7390551 |
| [triglycerides of saprophytic mycobacteria]. | triglycerides produced by mycobacteria and arthrobacteria grown in media with hexadecane or glucose were studied by mass spectrometry. in all of the cases, triglycerides were mixtures of homologues. the triglycerides of arthrobacter ceroformans grown in a medium with hexadecane contained 90% of tripalmitate and 10% of a mixed triglyceride comprising two residues of palmitic acid and one residue of palmitoleinic acid. mixed triglycerides containing one unsaturated acyl group prevailed in mycobact ... | 1980 | 7393006 |
| [electrokinetic properties of arthobacter siderocapsulatus]. | the electro-kinetic properties of arthrobacter siderocapsulatus were determined using microelectrophoresis in alternating electric field. the surface of bacterial cells was shown to bear positive charge within a wide range of ph. the positive charge of the cells should be attributed apparently to the presence of mucous capsules containing manganese dioxide since the growth of the bacterium is known to involve oxidation of manganese or ferrous iron and accumulation of their hydroxides in the caps ... | 1980 | 7402120 |
| degradation of (-)-ephedrine by pseudomonas putida. detection of (-)-ephedrine: nad+-oxidoreductase from arthrobacter globiformis. | a bacterium utilizing the alkaloid (-)-ephedrine as its sole source of carbon was isolated by an enrichment-culture technique from soil supplemented with 4-benzoyl-1,3-oxazolidinon-(2). the bacterium was indentified as pseudomonas putida by morphological and physiological studies. the following metabolites were isolated from the culture fluid: methylamine, formaldehyde, methylbenzoylcarbinol (2-hydroxy-1-oxo-1 phenylpropane), benzoid acid, pyrocatechol and cis, cis-muconic acid. a pathway for th ... | 1980 | 7405363 |
| purification, properties and formation of arginine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase in arthrobacter simplex. | arginine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase was purified 460-fold with 1.4% yield from arthrobacter simplex grown on arginine as a carbon source. the preparation was more than 90% pure on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the molecular weight of the enzyme was calculated to be 110 000. the enzyme exhibited absorption maxima at 280, 330 and 370 nm. the 370 nm peak decreased with increase in the 330 nm peak on addition of arginine km values for arginine, alpha-ketoglutarate, glutamate and alph ... | 1980 | 7426667 |
| microbial growth on 2-bromobutane. | a member of the genus arthrobacter was isolated which grew at the expense of 2-bromobutane as sole source of carbon and energy. evidence is presented which suggests that the initial conversion of 2-bromobutane to 2-butanol is a spontaneous chemical hydrolysis and not mediated by the organism. further evidence from oxygen consumption experiments indicates that 2-bromobutane is oxidized through 2-butanol, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate to acetate and ethanol. results of experiments with cells ... | 1980 | 7447436 |
| a deficiency of citrate synthase results in constitutive expression of the glyoxylate pathway in arthrobacter pyridinolis. | previous studies of arthrobacter pyridinolis indicated that during the first half of the growth cycle on d-fructose, the organism utilizes a respiration-coupled transport system and exhibits glyoxylate pathway activity; during the second half of the growth cycle, a phosphoenolypyruvate:d-fructose phosphotransferase system is used for transport and no glyoxylate pathway activity is found [pelliccione et al. (1979) eur. j. biochem. 95, 69--75]. a citrate-synthase-deficient mutant had the following ... | 1980 | 7460950 |
| soil and sediment bacteria capable of aerobic nitrate respiration. | several laboratory strains of gram-negative bacteria are known to be able to respire nitrate in the presence of oxygen, although the physiological advantage gained from this process is not entirely clear. the contribution that aerobic nitrate respiration makes to the environmental nitrogen cycle has not been studied. as a first step in addressing this question, a strategy which allows for the isolation of organisms capable of reducing nitrate to nitrite following aerobic growth has been develope ... | 1995 | 7487017 |
| cloning, nucleotide sequencing, and expression of an opine dehydrogenase gene from arthrobacter sp. strain 1c. | the gene coding for opine dehydrogenase from arthrobacter sp. strain 1c was cloned onto plasmid pbluescript ks(-), and the nucleotide sequence of the 1,077-bp open reading frame consisting of 359 codons was identified as the odh gene. transformed escherichia coli cells overproduced nad+-dependent opine dehydrogenase under control of the promoter of the lac gene on pbluescript ks(-). | 1995 | 7487048 |
| selective recovery of streptosporangium fragile from soil by indirect immunomagnetic capture. | a polyclonal antibody raised to streptosporangium fragile spores reacted strongly and specifically with the immunizing strain and to a number of related species of streptosporangium, as determined by dot immunoblotting. an indirect immunomagnetic capture method was developed for the recovery of the target organism from sterile and non-sterile soil, using sheep anti-rabbit m-280 dynabeads. the effects of different soil blocking agents, antibody labelling concentrations and spore/dynabead capture ... | 1995 | 7496526 |
| growth of mycorrhizal fungi in dixenic cultures with bacteria in media of different composition. | studies were carried out on the effect of bacteria: arthrobacter globiformis, bacillus subtilis and pseudomonas fluorescens on biomass production by three important ectomycorrhizal fungi: laccaria laccata, hebeloma crustuliniforme and rhizopogon vinicolor in media of different composition. it was shown that bacteria stimulated, inhibited or did not affect significantly the biomass production by mycorrhizal fungi. 3-factor anova have shown that although effect of bacteria was statistically signif ... | 1993 | 7504874 |
| biotransformation of hydrocortisone into prednisolone. | | 1994 | 7519301 |
| phylogenetic analysis of species of the meso-diaminopimelic acid-containing genera brevibacterium and dermabacter. | 16s rrna gene sequencing studies were performed on dermabacter hominis and four meso-diaminopimelic acid-containing species of the genus brevibacterium. phylogenetic analysis revealed a close association between dermabacter hominis and representatives of the lysine-containing genera arthrobacter, micrococcus, and renibacterium. by contrast, the genus brevibacterium formed a distinct line of descent within the high-guanine-plus-cytosine-containing actinomycetes, displaying no specific affinity wi ... | 1994 | 7520745 |
| a phylogenetic analysis of micro-organisms isolated from subsurface environments. | three methods were used to provide information on the identity and phylogenetic relatedness of 19 aerobic, chemoheterotrophic bacteria isolated from topsoil and deep subsurface sediments at a site in south carolina. these methods were (i) analysis of selected physiological traits, (ii) restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) of genomic dna, and (iii) analysis of 16s ribosomal rna sequences. when the 16s rrna sequences were compared with those for 12 standard strains, two topsoil isolates and six ... | 1995 | 7536094 |
| limonoate dehydrogenase from arthrobacter globiformis: the native enzyme and its n-terminal sequence. | bitter limonoids in citrus juice lower the quality and value of commercial juices. limonoate dehydrogenase converts the precursor of bitter limonin, limonoate a-ring lactone, to nonbitter 17-dehydrolimonoate a-ring lactone. this enzyme was isolated from arthrobacter globiformis cells by a combination of ammonium sulfate fractionation, cibacron blue affinity chromatography and deae ion exchange hplc. using this protocol a 428-fold purification of the enzyme was obtained. gel filtration hplc indic ... | 1995 | 7546548 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the genera cellulomonas, promicromonospora, and jonesia and proposal to exclude the genus jonesia from the family cellulomonadaceae. | the 16s rrna gene sequences of eight cellulomonas species, two promicromonospora species, and jonesia denitrificans were determined, and these sequences were compared with the sequences of about 50 representatives of the arthrobacter line of descent in the order actinomycetales. we found that in spite of its current assignment to the family cellulomonadaceae, j. denitrificans branches outside the radiation of this taxon and cannot be considered a member of it. the two promicromonospora species d ... | 1995 | 7547283 |
| reclassification of micrococcus agilis (ali-cohen 1889) to the genus arthrobacter as arthrobacter agilis comb. nov. and emendation of the genus arthrobacter. | phylogenetic evidence derived from a 16s ribosomal dna analysis indicated that the type strain of micrococcus agilis, dsm 20550 (= atcc 966 = ccm 2390), is less closely related to the type species of the genus micrococcus, micrococcus luteus, than to the type species of the genus arthrobacter, arthrobacter globiformis, and related arthrobacter species. the phylogenetic position of m. agilis is supported by the presence of peptidoglycan variation a3 alpha and by the presence of mk-9(h2) as the ma ... | 1995 | 7547308 |
| stereoselective production of (+)-trans-chrysanthemic acid by a microbial esterase: cloning, nucleotide sequence, and overexpression of the esterase gene of arthrobacter globiformis in escherichia coli. | the gene coding for a novel esterase which stereoselectively hydrolyzes the (+)-trans (1r,3r) stereoisomer of ethyl chrysanthemate was cloned from arthrobacter globiformis sc-6-98-28 and overexpressed in escherichia coli. the cellular content of the active enzyme reached 33% of the total soluble protein in the recombinant e. coli jm105 cells and 5.6 g/liter of culture by high-density cell cultivation. the hydrolytic activity of the recombinant e. coli cells for ethyl chrysanthemate reached 605 m ... | 1995 | 7574629 |
| degradation of iprodione by a soil arthrobacter-like strain. | a bacterial strain able to transform iprodione was isolated from a fast iprodione-degrading soil by enrichment procedures. transformation was detected through 3,5-dichloroaniline production as measured by a rapid colorimetric method. the strain, ma6, was tentatively identified as an arthrobacter sp. when it was incubated with ma6 in a minimum mineral medium (ph 6.5), iprodione (8.8 mumol/liter) was transformed into two major metabolites that were identified by high-performance liquid chromatogra ... | 1995 | 7574630 |
| membrane hyperpolarisation by valinomycin and its limitations for bacterial viability assessment using rhodamine 123 and flow cytometry. | the ionophore, valinomycin, was investigated as a possible means of bacterial viability assessment using the fluorescent membrane potential dye rhodamine 123. membrane hyperpolarisation in escherichia coli, pseudomonas fluorescens, enterobacter aerogenes and arthrobacter globiformis was examined during exponential growth and during stress by brief starvation in a high sodium, low potassium buffer using flow cytometric analysis of rhodamine 123 uptake. dye uptake was variable both between species ... | 1995 | 7590182 |
| sequence and expression of the bpdc1c2bade genes involved in the initial steps of biphenyl/chlorobiphenyl degradation by rhodococcus sp. m5. | the nucleotide (nt) sequence of the bpdc1c2bade genes which encode the first three enzymes in the biphenyl (bp) degradation pathway of gram+ rhodococcus sp. m5 (formerly arthrobacter m5) was determined. except for the ferredoxin component (bpdb) of the initial bp dioxygenase, the predicted amino acid (aa) sequences of the remaining proteins are found to be more closely related to the counterpart proteins (todc1c2bade) present in the toluene-degrader, pseudomonas putida f1, than those of three bp ... | 1995 | 7590299 |
| molecular cloning, expression in streptomyces lividans, and analysis of a gene cluster from arthrobacter simplex encoding 3-ketosteroid-delta 1-dehydrogenase, 3-ketosteroid-delta 5-isomerase and a hypothetical regulatory protein. | the arthrobacter simplex gene coding for 3-ketosteroid-delta 1-dehydrogenase, a key enzyme in the degradation of the steroid nucleus, was cloned in streptomyces lividans. nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the gene for 3-ketosteroid-delta 1-dehydrogenase (ksdd) is clustered with at least two more genes possibly involved in steroid metabolism. upstream of ksdd, we found a gene, ksdr, encoding a hypothetical regulatory protein that shows homologies to kdgr, the negative regulator of pectin ... | 1995 | 7596291 |
| enhanced transglycosylation activity of arthrobacter protophormiae endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase in media containing organic solvents. | the transglycosylation activity of endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae (endo-a) was enhanced by inclusion of organic solvents in the reaction mixture. in aqueous solution, the transglycosylation yield relative to starting substrate was 32% using man9glcnac2asn as donor and 0.5 m glcnac as acceptor. however, in the media containing 30% (v/v) acetone, dioxane, n,n-dimethylformamide, or dimethyl sulfoxide with 0.5 m glcnac as acceptor, the transglycosylation attained y ... | 1995 | 7629071 |
| synthesis of neoglycoconjugates by transglycosylation with arthrobacter protophormiae endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase. demonstration of a macro-cluster effect for mannose-binding proteins. | the transglycosylation activity of endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae (endo-a) can be enhanced dramatically by inclusion of organic solvent in the reaction mixture (see accompanying article; fan, j.-q., takegawa, k., iwahara, s., kondo, a., kato, i., abeygunawardana, c., and lee, y. c. (1995) j. biol. chem. 270, 17723-17729). this finding was extended to synthesis of important intermediates for preparation of neoglycoconjugates. when 0.2 m glcnac-o-(ch2)6nh2, glcna ... | 1995 | 7629072 |
| red cells bound to influenza virus n9 neuraminidase are not released by the n9 neuraminidase activity. | influenza virus neuraminidase (na) of the n9 subtype also possesses hemagglutinin activity and the hemagglutinating, or hemabsorbing (hb), site is distinct from the catalytic site. previous results suggested that the na was binding to sialic acid on the red cell surface, but we now report that the hb receptor is not sensitive to n9 influenza neuraminidase activity. cell lines that constitutively express n9 or n2 neuraminidase have been used to further investigate the specificity of red blood cel ... | 1995 | 7645221 |
| cloning, sequence analysis, and expression of the flavobacterium pentachlorophenol-4-monooxygenase gene in escherichia coli. | the pcpb gene of flavobacterium sp. strain atcc 39723 was cloned by using a degenerate primer designed from the n-terminal sequence of the purified enzyme. the nucleotide sequence of pcpb was determined and found to encode an open reading frame of 1,614 nucleotides, yielding a predicted translation product of 538 amino acids, in agreement with the estimated size of the purified protein analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the transcriptional start of pcpb was fo ... | 1993 | 7678243 |
| determination of the sialic acid linkage specificity of sialidases using lectins in a solid phase assay. | a procedure for the determination of activity and linkage specificity of sialidases is described. the sialoglycoprotein fetuin is coated onto a microtiter plate and incubated with sialidases from different sources. enzymatic activities and linkage specificities are then determined by a sandwich method which measured the binding of different lectins to fetuin. the lectins used were peanut agglutinin (pna) from arachis hypogaea, which binds specifically the galactose beta-1-3-n-acetylgalactosamine ... | 1993 | 7686353 |
| structure of simusan, a new acidic exopolysaccharide from arthrobacter sp. | simusan, a major exopolysaccharide produced by an ethanol-utilizing arthrobacter sp. strain ce-17, contains d-glucose, d-mannose, d-galactose, l-rhamnose, d-glucuronic acid, and pyruvic acid in the ratios approximately 3:2:1:1:1:1 as well as o-acyl groups (presumably (presumably residues of acetic and palmitic acid). on the basis of chemical modifications of the polysaccharide, solvolysis with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride resulting in a penta- and an octa-saccharide fragment, smith degradation, a ... | 1995 | 7697646 |
| establishment of oil-degrading bacteria associated with cyanobacteria in oil-polluted soil. | a unique natural microbial cocktail with promising potential for remediating oil-polluted desert in the gulf region is reported. oil-degrading micro-organisms immobilized within dense cyanobacterial mats on oily coasts of the arabian gulf were successfully established in oil-contaminated sand. those micro-organisms biodegraded 50% of the oil within 10-20 weeks. nocardioforms belonging to the genus rhodococcus predominated in the first few weeks, but after 22 weeks pseudomonas spp. increased, sha ... | 1995 | 7698954 |
| spectroscopic studies on the mechanism of the topa quinone generation in bacterial monoamine oxidase. | electron paramagnetic resonance (epr), circular dichroism (cd), and optical absorption spectroscopies have been used to investigate the copper-dependent autoxidation process generating the 6-hydroxydopa (topa) quinone cofactor in the recombinant phenethylamine oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis. the cupric ion bound to the copper/topa quinone-less, inactive enzyme is first reduced to cu(i), as inferred from the spectroscopic features observed under strictly anaerobic conditions. cu(i) is also ... | 1995 | 7718554 |
| analysis of a novel gene and beta-galactosidase isozyme from a psychrotrophic arthrobacter isolate. | we have characterized a new psychrotrophic arthrobacter isolate which produces beta-galactosidase isozymes. when dna from this isolate was transformed into an escherichia coli host, we obtained three different fragments, designated 12, 14, and 15, each encoding a different beta-galactosidase isozyme. the beta-galactosidase produced from fragment 12 was of special interest because the protein subunit was smaller (about 71 versus 116 kda) than those typically encoded by the lacz family. the isozym ... | 1995 | 7721689 |
| inactivation of pathogens during aerobic and anaerobic treatments at low temperatures. | | 1995 | 7749283 |
| production of cis,cis-muconic acid from benzoic acid. | | 1993 | 7763344 |
| overproduction of riboflavin by an arthrobacter sp. mutant resistant to 5-fluorouracil. | antagonistic action between 5-fluorouracil (5-fu) and riboflavin (rf) was investigated. the growth of arthrobacter sp. was inhibited by 5-fu at 5 x 10(-5) m, and the inhibition was reversed by rf at 5 x 10(-5) m. 5-fu-resistant mutants of arthrobacter sp. were isolated and excreted rf in relatively high yields, but the wild-type strain excreted no rf. one of the mutants, strain no. 28-35, produced 223.2 micrograms ml-1 of rf in culture medium at 4 days. | 1993 | 7764107 |
| chemical structures of hetero-oligosaccharides produced by arthrobacter sp. k-1 beta-fructofuranosidase. | the structures of hetero-oligosaccharides obtained by the action of transglycosylation of arthrobacter sp. k-1 beta-fructofuranosidase, using sucrose as the fructosyl donor, and several mono- and di-sacchrides as the acceptors were investigated. the main transfer products to most reducing mono- and di-sacchrides were non-reducing oligosaccharides with a fructosyl residue linked to a hemiacetal hydroxyl group. in the presence of l-sorbose, the enzyme produced 2-o-beta-d-fructofuranosyl-alpha-l-so ... | 1994 | 7764539 |
| purification of inulin fructotransferase (dfa i-producing) from arthrobacter sp. mci2493 and production of dfa i from inulin by the enzyme. | an extracellular enzyme that produces di-d-fructofuranose-2',1;2,1' dianhydride from inulin was purified from the culture broth of arthrobacter sp. mci2493. the molecular weight of the enzyme was 40,000 by gel filtration and sds polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the enzyme had maximum activity at ph 6.0 and 50 degrees c. using this purified enzyme, 100 g/liter inulin was converted into 60 g/liter of dfa i, nystose, and 1-f-fructofuranosyl-nystose after incubation for 30 h. | 1994 | 7764697 |
| levoglucosan dehydrogenase involved in the assimilation of levoglucosan in arthrobacter sp. i-552. | a levoglucosan (1,6-anhydro-beta-d-glucopyranose)-using bacterium, isolated from soil, was identified. it was shown to belong to the genus arthrobacter and tentatively named arthrobacter sp. i-552. a novel enzyme catalyzed the dehydrogenation of levoglucosan to form 1,6-anhydro-beta-d-ribo-hexopyranos-3-ulose (3-keto levoglucosan), using nad+ as an electron acceptor, i.e. nad+: 1,6-anhydro-beta-d-glucopyranose oxidoreductase (trivial name: levoglucosan dehydrogenase). this enzyme was purified an ... | 1994 | 7765713 |
| construction of a new host-vector system in arthrobacter sp. and cloning of the lipase gene. | arthrobacter sp. strain mis38 was transformed with a shuttle vector containing the kanamycin resistant gene kan (derived from tn5) by an electroporation method. this shuttle vector is from brevibacterium lactofermentum and escherichia coli, pulrs8. the following optimal condition of electroporation was determined. a square wave pulse of 1 kv/cm electric field strength for 0.5 ms duration yielded 3 x 10(5) transformants/micrograms plasmid dna. the number of transformants increased with the amount ... | 1994 | 7765770 |
| use of a polymerase-chain-reaction-amplified dna probe from pseudomonas putida to detect d-hydantoinase-producing microorganisms by direct colony hybridization. | pseudomonas putida strain dsm 84 produces n-carbamyl-d-amino acids from the corresponding d-5-monosubstituted hydantoins. the sequence of the d-hydantoinase gene from this strain (genbank accession number l24157) was used to develop a dna probe of 122 base pairs (bp) that could detect d-hydantoinase genes in other bacterial genera by dna and by colony hybridization. under conditions tolerating 32% mismatch, the probe was specific for all strains that expressed d-hydantoinase activity. these incl ... | 1995 | 7766091 |
| reaction mechanism for the conversion of 5-monosubstituted hydantoins to enantiomerically pure l-amino acids. | the specific conversion of d,l-5-monosubstituted hydantoins to optically pure l-amino acids by resting cells of arthrobacter sp. dsm 7330 has been evaluated. a new nonstereoselective hydantoinase from arthrobacter sp. dsm 7330 was isolated and characterized. when whole cells were tested, the conversion of d,l-5-methylthioethylhydantoin (d,l-5-mteh) led to the optically pure intermediate d-carbamoylmethionine (d-cm) and to the optically pure amino acid l-methionine. after purification of the hyda ... | 1995 | 7785836 |
| characterization of a psychrotrophic arthrobacter gene and its cold-active beta-galactosidase. | enzymes with high specific activities at low temperatures have potential uses for chemical conversions when low temperatures are required, as in the food industry. psychrotrophic microorganisms which grow at low temperatures may be a valuable source of cold-active enzymes that have higher activities at low temperatures than enzymes found for mesophilic microorganisms. to find cold-active beta-galactosidases, we isolated and characterized several psychrotrophic microorganisms. one isolate, b7, is ... | 1994 | 7811090 |
| the sialic acid-containing lipopolysaccharides of salmonella djakarta and salmonella isaszeg (serogroup o: 48): chemical characterization and reactivity with a sialic acid-binding lectin from cepaea hortensis. | lipopolysaccharides (lps) of salmonella djakarta and salmonella isaszeg, as well as of a spontaneous r-mutant of s. djakarta were investigated as to their content in neuraminic acid (neu) and its individual linkage. the two salmonella serovars both belong to the o:48 serogroup of salmonella, but to two different subgroups. lps of both s-forms contained high amounts of neu, although in different quantities, whereas the r-form was completely devoid of it. methylation analysis indicated that neu is ... | 1994 | 7812267 |
| structural analysis and molybdenum-dependent expression of the pao1-encoded nicotine dehydrogenase genes of arthrobacter nicotinovorans. | the genes of nicotine dehydrogenase (ndh) were identified, cloned and sequenced from the catabolic plasmid pao1 of arthrobacter nicotinovorans. in immediate proximity to this gene cluster is the beginning of the 6-hydroxy-l-niotine oxidase (6-hlno) gene. ndh is composed of three subunits (a, b and c) of m(r) 30,011, 14,924 and 87,677. it belongs to a family of bacterial hydroxylases with a similar subunit structure; they have molybdopterin dinucleotide, fad and fe-s clusters as cofactors. here t ... | 1994 | 7815950 |
| isomerization of trans-2,delta 5-dienoyl-coa's to delta 3,delta 5-dienoyl-coa's in the beta-oxidation of delta 5-unsaturated fatty acids. | the nadph-dependent reduction pathway for the metabolism of delta 5-unsaturated fatty acids involves the isomerization of trans-2,delta 5-dienoyl-coa, initially formed from the dehydrogenation of delta 5-enoyl-coa, to isomeric delta 3,delta 5-dienoyl-coa. the latter intermediates were then isomerized to trans-2,trans-4-dienoyl-coa, which then follows the nadph-dependent pathway mediated by 2,4-dienoyl-coa reductase. the isomerization from trans-2,delta 5-dienoyl-coa to delta 3,delta 5-dienoyl-co ... | 1995 | 7819236 |
| synthesis of neoglycoproteins using oligosaccharide-transfer activity with endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase. | we describe a novel method for the enzymatic synthesis of neoglycoproteins. endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from arthrobacter protophormiae (endo-a) had high levels of transglycosylation activity. the enzyme activity of endo-a was markedly increased by adding 4-l-aspartyl-glycosylamine (glcnac-asn) to the reaction mixture. digesting (man)6(glcnac)2 with the enzyme in the presence of glcnac-asn gave a mixture of hydrolytic ((man)6glcnac) and transglycosylic ((man)6(glcnac)2-asn) products. by me ... | 1995 | 7852391 |
| a manganese-dependent dioxygenase from arthrobacter globiformis cm-2 belongs to the major extradiol dioxygenase family. | almost all bacterial ring cleavage dioxygenases contain iron as the catalytic metal center. we report here the first available sequence for a manganese-dependent 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate (3,4-dhpa) 2,3-dioxygenase and its further characterization. this manganese-dependent extradiol dioxygenase from arthrobacter globiformis cm-2, unlike iron-dependent extradiol dioxygenases, is not inactivated by hydrogen peroxide. also, ferrous ions, which activate iron extradiol dioxygenases, inhibit 3,4-dhpa ... | 1995 | 7868595 |
| copper/topa quinone-containing histamine oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis. molecular cloning and sequencing, overproduction of precursor enzyme, and generation of topa quinone cofactor. | the gene coding for histamine oxidase has been cloned and sequenced from a coryneform bacterium arthrobacter globiformis. the deduced amino acid sequence consists of 684 residues with a calculated molecular mass of 75,109 daltons and shows a high overall identity (58%) with that of phenethylamine oxidase derived from the same bacterial strain. although the sequence similarities are rather low when compared with copper amine oxidases from other organisms, the consensus asn-tyr-asp/glu sequence, i ... | 1995 | 7876243 |
| active site analysis and stabilization of sarcosine oxidase by the substitution of cysteine residues. | two cysteine residues (c-265 and c-318) in the putative hydrophilic regions of sarcosine oxidase were substituted by using site-directed mutagenesis. since the mutant with the c-to-s mutation at position 318 (c318s) lost the enzyme activity, c-318 (conserved among sarcosine oxidases) is most likely a part of the active site. c265s, c265a, c265d, and c265r showed nearly the same enzymatic properties as those of the wild type. however, they were much more stable than the wild type in the presence ... | 1995 | 7887617 |
| isolation of insertion elements from gram-positive brevibacterium, corynebacterium and rhodococcus strains using the bacillus subtilis sacb gene as a positive selection marker. | the sacb gene of bacillus subtilis was successfully applied in various arthrobacter, brevibacterium, corynebacterium and rhodococcus strains for the isolation of transposable elements. three different insertion sequence (is) elements entrapped in sacb were isolated. the is elements is-bl and is-cg isolated from brevibacterium lactofermentum and corynebacterium glutamicum, respectively, were found to be similar in size (1.45 kb) and generated target duplications of 8 bp. their inverted repeats sh ... | 1995 | 7896070 |
| arthrobacter d-xylose isomerase: chemical modification of carboxy groups and protein engineering of ph optimum. | to try to lower the ph optimum, the carboxy groups of arthrobacter d-xylose isomerase were coupled to glycinamide using a water-soluble carbodi-imide. in conditions that substituted all of the 59 carboxy groups in the denatured monomer, a maximum of 30 groups/monomer reacted in the native enzyme, whether in presence or absence of ligands, and the enzyme remained fully active and tetrameric throughout the coupling reaction. purification by f.p.l.c. ion-exchange chromatography gave broad symmetric ... | 1993 | 7904154 |
| purification and characterization of 4-chlorobenzoyl coa dehalogenase from arthrobacter sp. strain 4-cb1. | 4-chlorobenzoyl coenzyme a dehalogenase was purified to homogeneity from arthrobacter sp. strain 4-cb1 (previously known as acinetobacter sp. strain 4-cb1), a bacterium isolated from pcb-contaminated soil. purification was accomplished by four chromatographic steps, including a novel affinity chromatography step. 4-chlorobenzoyl coa dehalogenase is a homotetramer of 33-kda subunits with an isoelectric point of 6.1. the enzyme is stable between ph 6.5 and 10. the optimum ph for kcat is ph 8. the ... | 1994 | 7918379 |
| expression of a bacterial gene in transgenic plants confers resistance to the herbicide phenmedipham. | tobacco plants were genetically engineered to express a detoxifying pathway for the herbicide phenmedipham. a gene from arthrobacter oxidans strain p52 that encodes an enzyme catalysing the hydrolytic cleavage of the carbamate compound phenmedipham has recently been cloned and sequenced. the coding sequence was fused with a cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter and introduced into tobacco plants by agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer. transgenic plants expressing high levels of phenmedipham hyd ... | 1994 | 7919217 |
| structure of cell wall mannan of candida kefyr ifo 0586. | we conducted a structural analysis of the antigenic cell wall mannoprotein (mannan) isolated from candida kefyr (formerly candida pseudotropicalis) ifo 0586. the result of two-dimensional homonuclear hartmann-hahn analysis of this mannan indicates that the molecule is constructed from alpha-1,2- and alpha-1,6-linked mannopyranose residues. upon alkali treatment (beta-elimination reaction), this mannan released two alpha-1,2-linked mannooligosaccharides, biose and triose. the structure of the alk ... | 1994 | 7927705 |
| action pattern of polysaccharide lyases on glycosaminoglycans. | the action pattern of polysaccharide lyases on glycosaminoglycan substrates was examined using viscosimetric measurements and gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page). heparin lyase i (heparinase, ec 4.2.2.7) and heparin lyase ii (no ec number) both acted on heparin in a random endolytic fashion. heparin lyase ii showed an ideal endolytic action pattern on heparan sulphate, while heparin lyase i decreased the molecular weight of heparan sulphate more slowly. heparin lyase iii (hepariti ... | 1994 | 7949654 |
| heterotrophic bacterial populations in the mineral waters of thermal springs in spain. | the microbiological quality and heterotrophic bacterial populations of 26 thermal mineral water springs in spain were studied. in most of the springs the number of viable aerobes was less than 10(3) cfu ml-1 and the number of sporulated bacteria less than 10(2) cfu ml-1. no significant differences were found in the counts obtained with plate count agar (pca) and pca diluted 1:10 and incubated at 22 degrees, 37 degrees and 45 degrees c. total coliforms were found in 14 springs, faecal streptococc ... | 1994 | 7989265 |
| secretion of a temporally controlled cell-associated protein in arthrobacter aureus: production of the protein and inactivation of its structural gene. | arthrobacter aureus secretes 2 proteins of 22 and 100 kda (p22 and p100, respectively). p22 is a protease, while p100, of unknown function, is associated with the cells before being released into the medium. an immunologically related p100 protein was also found in the culture supernatant of a. ureafasciens. despite the fact that production of p22 and p100 proteins is induced by growth in the presence of bovine serum albumin, their synthesis is not always induced coordinately. inactivation of th ... | 1994 | 7997642 |
| differential reactivity of two types of n-glycolyneuraminic acid dimers toward enzymatic and nonenzymatic hydrolysis of their interketosidic linkages. | the kinetics of acid- and sialidase-catalyzed hydrolysis of the interketosidic linkages of two different disialic acids, neu5gc alpha 2-->5-oglycolylneu5gc and neu5gc alpha 2-->8neu5gc, were studied. the former sequence was recently identified in the polysialic acid chains of a sialic acid-rich glycoprotein isolated from the egg jelly coat of two different species of sea urchins, and the latter was previously found in the cortical alveolar-derived polysialoglycoprotein from rainbow trout eggs. a ... | 1994 | 7999128 |
| molecular cloning and expression of an isomalto-dextranase gene from arthrobacter globiformis t6. | the gene encoding an extracellular isomalto-dextranase, designated imd, was isolated from the chromosomal dna of arthrobacter globiformis t6 and cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. a single open reading frame consisting of 1,926 base pairs that encoded a polypeptide composed of a signal peptide of 39 amino acids and a mature protein of 602 amino acids (m(r), 65,900) was found. the primary structure had no significant homology with the structures of any other reported carbohydrases, includi ... | 1994 | 8002600 |
| pcr protocol- and inulin catabolism-based differentiation of inulinolytic soil bacteria. | bacteria collected from rotting dahlia tubers, instead of degrading inulin to d-fructose, preferentially formed the known dfa iii (beta-2.1': alpha-2',3 difructofuranose anhydride), inulobiose, higher inulo-oligosaccharides, and exoheteropolysaccharides. owing to the morphological and gram staining variability, the bacterial isolates designated ylw and crm were examined to differentiate them from a reference strain arthrobacter ureafaciens. the comparative analyses were whole dna random amplific ... | 1994 | 8010763 |
| purification and characterization of a pyrrole-2-carboxylate oxygenase from arthrobacter strain py1. | pyrrole-2-carboxylate oxygenase was purified 8.2-fold to homogeneity from arthrobacter strain py1 grown on pyrrole-2-carboxylate as sole carbon, nitrogen, and energy source. fad and dithioerythritol had to be present during the purification procedure to stabilize the enzyme activity. the molecular mass of the pyrrole-2-carboxylate oxygenase was about 160 kda by gel filtration chromatography and native gradient page, only one polypeptide of about 60 kda was present after sds-page. the fad content ... | 1994 | 8011178 |
| kinetic characterization of tyramine oxidase of arthrobacter species. | amine oxidases (ec 1.4.3) represent a rather nebulous group of proteins with relative narrow substrate and inhibitor specificities. several different enzymes fall into these amine oxidase classes and the classification of some of them still remains ambiguous. kinetic and physico-chemical properties of tyramine oxidase of arthrobacter sp. were investigated to decide if this enzyme belongs to the flavin containing tyramine oxidase class (ec 1.4.3.9) or if it is more related to another amine oxidas ... | 1994 | 8038724 |
| regioselective transglycosylation in the synthesis of oligosaccharides: comparison of beta-galactosidases and sialidases of various origins. | n-acetyl-lactosamine(beta-d-gal p-(1-->4)-d-glc pnac) was synthesized regioselectively with the aid of the transglycosylation activity of beta-galactosidase isolated from diplococcus pneumoniae using p-nitrophenyl beta-d-galactopyranoside as the donor. also, transglycosylation of the sialyl group in an alpha-(2-->8)-linked sialic acid dimer or p-nitrophenyl glycoside of sialic acid to n-acetyl-lactosamine was performed using sialidases of various origins. when sialidase from clostridium perfring ... | 1994 | 8039189 |
| glycosphingolipid component profiles of human gliomas correlate with histological tumour types: analysis of inter-individual and tumour-regional distribution. | three types of glycosphingolipid (gsl) component profiles have been established for human intracranial gliomas. gsl-type i shows only glac- and lacto-series-sialoglycolipids. type ii consist of glac- and gtri-gangliosides, whereas only gsl-type iii contains sulphatide and, as a major neutral glycolipid, galactocerebroside, besides gangliosides of the glac-, gtri-, and gtet-families. whole gliomas of malignancy grading i/ii, iii and iv, display gsl-types iii, ii, and i, respectively. thus, the gs ... | 1994 | 8042551 |
| [mossbauer data on the effect of nad.h on the state of iron in bacteria]. | the state of fe of bacterial cultures of different systematic positions (bacillus megaterium, bacillus polymyxa, pseudomonas putida, pseudomonas fluorescens, alcaligenes faecalis, arthrobacter siderocapsulatus) grown on the medium containing fe(iii) citrate (up to 100 mg/l) with additional or without nad.h was studied. the samples were in damp air-dry, second moistened, dried at 383 k states. spectra have been obtained at 290 k and 100-200 k. the studied microorganisms have two types of atoms of ... | 1994 | 8043633 |
| detection, isolation, and characterization of siderophores. | | 1994 | 8057905 |
| roles of bacterial attachment and spontaneous partitioning in the biodegradation of naphthalene initially present in nonaqueous-phase liquids. | the mineralization by an arthrobacter sp. of naphthalene initially dissolved in di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate exhibited a slow phase followed by a rapid phase. triton x-100, which inhibited cell attachment, prevented the onset of the second phase. triton x-100 increased the extent of mineralization of naphthalene initially present in 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane. cells attached to the interface mineralized the aromatic hydrocarbon at a rate four times higher than the rate of partitioning in the a ... | 1994 | 8074534 |
| identification of polysialic acid-containing glycoprotein in the jelly coat of sea urchin eggs. occurrence of a novel type of polysialic acid structure. | sea urchin eggs are surrounded by a gelatinous layer (called the jelly coat) that consists of mixture of fucoserich polysaccharides and sialic acid-rich glycoproteins. chemical and 500 mhz 1h nmr spectroscopic studies revealed for the first time the presence of a novel polysialic acid (polysia) structure in the jelly coat glycoproteins isolated from hemicentrotus pulcherrimus (designated polysia-gp(h)). the structure of the polysia chains was thoroughly characterized as (-->5-oglycolyl-neu5gc al ... | 1994 | 8077223 |
| generation of the topa quinone cofactor in bacterial monoamine oxidase by cupric ion-dependent autooxidation of a specific tyrosyl residue. | the quinone of 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine (topa), recently identified as the covalently bound redox cofactor in copper amine oxidases, is encoded by a specific tyrosine codon. to elucidate the mechanism of its formation, the recombinant phenylethylamine oxidase of arthrobacter globiformis has been overproduced in escherichia coli and purified in a cu(2+)-deficient form. the inactive precursor enzyme thus obtained was dramatically activated upon incubation with cu2+, concomitantly with the for ... | 1994 | 8082796 |
| biodegradation of p-nitrophenol via 1,2,4-benzenetriol by an arthrobacter sp. | the degradation of p-nitrophenol (pnp) by moraxella and pseudomonas spp. involves an initial monooxygenase-catalyzed removal of the nitro group. the resultant hydroquinone is subject to ring fission catalyzed by a dioxygenase enzyme. we have isolated a strain of an arthrobacter sp., js443, capable of degrading pnp with stoichiometric release of nitrite. during induction of the enzymes required for growth on pnp, 1,2,4-benzenetriol was identified as an intermediate by gas chromatography-mass spec ... | 1994 | 8085840 |
| characterization of psychrotrophic microorganisms producing beta-galactosidase activities. | investigations of psychrotrophic microorganisms have been limited even though the dominant environment of the earth is cold and enzymes with high activities at low temperatures could have commercial uses. we have isolated and characterized three psychrotrophic strains with beta-galactosidase activities. the isolates, b7, d2, and d5, were gram-positive, catalase-positive, obligate aerobes. cells observed with a scanning electron microscope appeared as rods during the early stages of growth but be ... | 1994 | 8117071 |
| characterization of an endoserine protease secreted by arthrobacter aureus. | a 22-kda endoserine protease secreted by an arthrobacter aureus strain was identified. the optimal temperature for this protease was 70 degrees c. protease production was maximal at the end of the exponential growth phase, and the protease was induced by amino acids and peptides and repressed by carbon sources. | 1994 | 8117088 |
| occurrence and expression of cspa, a cold shock gene, in antarctic psychrotrophic bacteria. | the homologue of cold shock gene cspa of escherichia coli was detected in various isolates of antarctic psychrotrophs representing both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. the northern hybridization study indicated that the transcript size of cspa in the psychrotrophic gram-positive bacterium arthrobacter protophormiae and gram-negative pseudomonas fluorescens was similar to that of e. coli and that the cspa homologues in these two psychrotrophs were expressed constitutively at a low level ... | 1994 | 8132155 |
| determination of sialic acids. | | 1994 | 8139495 |
| cloning and sequencing of phenylethylamine oxidase from arthrobacter globiformis and implication of tyr-382 as the precursor to its covalently bound quinone cofactor. | the gene of arthrobacter globiformis encoding a quinoprotein, phenylethylamine oxidase, has been cloned and sequenced. in the deduced amino acid sequence comprising 638 residues is a tetrapeptide sequence, asn-tyr-asp-tyr, which has been found to be highly conserved in other copper amine oxidase. mutation of the former tyr (tyr-382) of the recombinant enzyme into phe resulted in the complete loss of catalytic activity and disappearance of the quinone compound that is specifically detected in the ... | 1994 | 8147851 |
| evidence for the interference of aluminum with bacterial porphyrin biosynthesis. | aluminum (0.74 mm) was found to retard bacterial growth, and enhance porphyrin formation and excretion in arthrobacter aurescens rs-2. coproporphyrin iii was shown to be the main porphyrin excreted by aluminum-exposed a. aurescens rs-2 cultures and by rs-2 cultures grown under anoxic conditions. synthesis and excretion of porphyrins in a. aurescens rs-2 increased in a dose-dependent manner when the bacteria were exposed to increasing aluminum concentrations. incubation of a. aurescens rs-2 with ... | 1994 | 8148615 |
| analysis of low-molecular mass products from biosolubilized coal. | a relatively simple, rapid sample preparation method has been developed for analysis of low-molecular mass compounds present in soluble coal products generated by microbial coal solubilizing agents. acidification of the sample followed by direct extraction into hexanes is coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis for characterization of the soluble coal products. characterization of the products can contribute to a more complete understanding of the solubilization processes invo ... | 1994 | 8181700 |
| the penicillin amidase of arthrobacter viscosus (atcc 15294). | the nucleotide (nt) sequence of the gene encoding penicillin g amidase (pa) of arthrobacter viscosus strain atcc 15,294 was determined. the sequence contained an open reading frame of 2406 nt with a g+c content of 37%. the deduced amino-acid sequence shows significant homology with other so far identified beta-lactam amidases of gram- bacteria. | 1994 | 8200542 |