| microincineration and elemental x-ray microanalysis of single bacillus cereus t spores. | single whole spores of bacillus cereus t were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and electron microprobe x-ray microanalysis before and after high-temperature (600 degrees c) ashing in air. high-temperature ashing consisted of a centripetal oxidation of the spore surface combined with pyrolysis of the spore's interior. ashing of single spores produced a compact central ash particle, mimicking the much larger unashed spore body in outline but containing craterlike microregions, and a periph ... | 1987 | 3109722 |
| new trends in enzyme recovery. | | 1987 | 3111333 |
| bacillus cereus phospholipase c: carboxylic acid ester specificity and stereoselectivity. | thiophosphate analogs of phosphatidylcholine have been synthesized with varying structural complexity. these analogs have been used in a continuous spectrophotometric assay for phospholipase c (bacillus cereus) to estimate the minimal structural requirements associated with the non-polar portion of the substrate phospholipid. the analogs were of three types containing zero, one or two carboxylic acid ester functionalities. the analogs with one or two ester groups acted as substrates for phosphol ... | 1987 | 3111540 |
| bacillus cereus bacteremia in an intravenous drug abuser. | | 1987 | 3111782 |
| disguise of antibiotics. | | 1987 | 3112587 |
| effect of thermal treatments in oils on bacterial spore survival. | the heat resistance of bacillus cereus f4165/75, clostridium sporogenes pa 3679 and cl. botulinum 62a spores suspended in buffer (ph 7.2), olive oil and a commercial oil (a mixture of rapeseed oil and soy oil) was investigated. linear survivor curves were obtained with b. cereus spores in the three menstrua and with 62a and pa 3679 spores suspended in buffer. however, the inactivation kinetics of the clostridial spores suspended in oils were concave upward with a characteristic tailing-off for 6 ... | 1987 | 3114210 |
| tailing of survivor curves of clostridial spores heated in edible oils. | tailing of survivor curves was observed for clostridium sporogenes pa 3679 and cl. botulinum 62a spores heated whilst suspended in edible oils, but not for the same spores suspended in buffer (ph 7.2) or mineral oil or for bacillus cereus f4165/75 spores suspended in buffer or oils. the tailing cannot be ascribed to a genetic or developmental heterogeneity in the resistance of the spore population or to a heterogeneity of the treatment severity during heating. heat adaptation due to the release ... | 1987 | 3114211 |
| [isolation and characterization of auxotrophic and antibiotic-resistant mutants of bacillus cereus]. | | 1987 | 3114855 |
| kinetics and mechanism of the serine beta-lactamase catalyzed hydrolysis of depsipeptides. | steady-state kinetic parameters have been determined for the hydrolysis of a series of acyclic depsipeptides (ester analogues of acyl-d-alanyl-d-alanine peptides) catalyzed by representative class c (enterobacter cloacae p99) and class a (bacillus cereus i, tem-2, and staphylococcus aureus pc1) beta-lactamases. the best of these substrates, and the one most used in this work, was m-[[(phenylacetyl)-glycyl]oxy]benzoic acid, whose rates of cleavage could be followed spectrophotometrically. the p99 ... | 1987 | 3115289 |
| oxygen profiles in, and in the agar beneath, colonies of bacillus cereus, staphylococcus albus and escherichia coli. | the paper reports the use of microelectrodes to measure o2 penetration in different aged colonies of bacillus cereus, escherichia coli and staphylococcus albus. in young (18 h) colonies of b. cereus and e. coli o2 disappeared at depths of 25-30 micron and 35-40 micron respectively. in young s. albus colonies, o2 reached a minimum but was never completely absent. as colonies aged (24-168 h) the depth to which o2 penetrated increased. | 1987 | 3116170 |
| pathogenic role of bacillus cereus in wound infections in the tropics. | a bacteriological survey was undertaken on clinically infected traumatic wounds amongst a group of young and fit operation raleigh members, who were living and working in a remote area of costa rican rain forest. all infected wounds were swabbed before treatment and, where possible, at intervals during treatment. swabs were also obtained from the nose and throat of each patient. all swabs were stored by desiccation in sterile silica gel for culture at a later date. culture revealed a high rate o ... | 1987 | 3116240 |
| traumatic wound infection due to bacillus cereus in an immunocompromised patient: a case report. | a young man recently responding to immunosuppressive therapy for acute myelocytic leukemia was admitted with fever and haemorrhagic blebs on both extremities after sustaining some scratch marks in a muddy pond. gram stains of the hemorrhagic fluid in the blebs revealed many gram positive bacilli. b. cereus was identified from culture of tissue fluid. he did not respond to therapy despite bacteriological cure. terminally, he developed pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia and generalized bleeding. | 1987 | 3116676 |
| [aerosol disinfection of bacterial spores]. | the present investigations are divided into two parts. first it is tested which commercial disinfectants are efficient in aerosol disinfection of bacterial spores. this part is carried out in an aerosol chamber with airborne spores (laboratory experiments). the best results are obtained with peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide and formaldehyde are effective with some restrictions. with these disinfectants it is tested in the second part if the aerosol disinfecting-method is capable for disinfectin ... | 1987 | 3116785 |
| kinetic and structural characterization of reversibly inactivated beta-lactamase. | the reversible inhibition of beta-lactamase i from bacillus cereus by cloxacillin, methicillin, and nafcillin has been systematically investigated. for these substrates the enzymatic reaction involves partitioning of the substrate between turnover and inhibition. typically, concentrations of several hundred millimolar are necessary for complete inactivation. the completely inactivated enzyme could be formed by incubation at temperatures above 20 degrees c, where inhibition competes more effectiv ... | 1987 | 3117100 |
| identification of self-transmissible plasmids in four bacillus thuringiensis subspecies. | the transfer of plasmids by mating from four bacillus thuringiensis subspecies to bacillus anthracis and bacillus cereus recipients was monitored by selecting transcipients which acquired plasmid pbc16 (tcr). transcipients also inherited a specific large plasmid from each b. thuringiensis donor at a high frequency along with a random array of smaller plasmids. the large plasmids (ca. 50 to 120 megadaltons), pxo13, pxo14, pxo15, and pxo16, originating from b. thuringiensis subsp. morrisoni, b. th ... | 1987 | 3117773 |
| effect of auranofin and other gold complexes on the activity of phospholipase c. | auranofin (af) is an orally active chrysotherapeutic agent used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, a self-perpetuating inflammatory disease. because of reports suggesting that af and other gold complexes can, under certain circumstances, exacerbate rheumatoid inflammatory lesions in humans and adjuvant arthritic rats and that phospholipase c (plc) and phospholipase a2 activities are increased in rheumatoid patients, the effects of af and a related gold complex on in situ mammalian and pu ... | 1987 | 3118179 |
| [molecular nature of the pathogenic effect induced by b. cereus]. | the paper shows that biological properties of the dl-toxin are determined by structural particularities of this substance. it is supposed that the component b with mol. mass of 42,000 performs the ligand function enabling fixation of the toxin on a target cell. the component a with mol. mass of 37,000 has been characterized as an activator in reproducing oedematous and diarrheagenic effect. the component c activates the induction of the lethal effect. the optimal ratios of these components neede ... | 1987 | 3118202 |
| n-pyrrylderivatives of penicillins. kinetics and inhibition studies with clavulanic acid of a bacillus cereus beta-lactamase. | | 1987 | 3118398 |
| a continuous spectrophotometric assay for the bacillus cereus phospholipase c using a thiophosphate substrate analog: evaluation of assay conditions and chromogenic agents. | a thiophosphate analog of dioctanoylphosphatidylcholine has been used as the substrate in a continuous spectrophotometric assay for the bacillus cereus phospholipase c. the reaction has been monitored at 412 nm using 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (dtnb) and at 324 nm using 4,4'-dithiopuridine (dtp) as the respective thiol-reactive chromogenic agents. an optimum ph 6.0 was determined for the phospholipase c-catalyzed reaction which was independent of the chromogen utilized. although the rea ... | 1987 | 3118733 |
| antimicrobial activity of lysozyme against bacteria involved in food spoilage and food-borne disease. | egg white lysozyme was demonstrated to have antibacterial activity against organisms of concern in food safety, including listeria monocytogenes and certain strains of clostridium botulinum. we also found that the food spoilage thermophile clostridium thermosaccharolyticum was highly susceptible to lysozyme and confirmed that the spoilage organisms bacillus stearothermophilus and clostridium tyrobutyricum were also extremely sensitive. several gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens isolated f ... | 1987 | 3118808 |
| cryoenzymology of beta-lactamases. | the cryoenzymology of several different beta-lactamases has been investigated. particular attention has been paid to the experimental pitfalls of the technique. these include such factors as false bursts at the start of the reaction, instability of the enzymes during turnover, and km values so high that little of the enzyme is present as a complex. many of the difficulties in cryoenzymology stem from the use of organic cryosolvents. a novel "salt" cryosolvent has been tested: ammonium acetate so ... | 1987 | 3118942 |
| kinetics and mechanism of inactivation of the rtem-2 beta-lactamase by phenylpropynal. identification of the characteristic chromophore. | beta-lactamases of all three classes, a, b, and c, are inactivated by phenylpropynal and p-nitrophenylpropynal. the inactivation of rtem-2 beta-lactamase and of bacillus cereus beta-lactamase i is accelerated in the presence of a type substrates such as dicloxacillin, quinacillin, and cefoxitin, which are thought to expand or loosen the conformation of these enzymes. in the presence and absence of cefoxitin the inactivation of the rtem-2 beta-lactamase is first and second order, respectively, in ... | 1987 | 3119590 |
| camp like reactions for presumptive identification of bacillus cereus from bovines. | | 1987 | 3120441 |
| the analysis of enzyme progress curves by numerical differentiation, including competitive product inhibition and enzyme reactivation. | a new method for analyzing steady-state enzyme kinetic data is presented. the technique, which is based on the numerical differentiation of the complete reaction curve, has several advantages over initial velocity and integrated michaelis-menten equation methods. the differentiated data are fit to the differential equation describing the appropriate kinetic scheme. this approach is particularly valuable in cases of strong competitive product inhibition and of changing concentrations of active en ... | 1987 | 3120622 |
| toxigenic bacillus cereus as a cause of wound infections in the tropics. | a bacteriological survey was conducted on clinically infected traumatic wounds in members of an operation raleigh expedition, who were working in the costa rican rain forest. bacillus cereus was isolated from the wounds of 14 of 18 patients, usually in pure and heavy growth. most of the isolates were strongly toxigenic by in vivo pathogenicity tests. the organism was also isolated from the nose in 15 cases and the throat in five cases. the findings indicate that b. cereus was the principle patho ... | 1987 | 3121755 |
| [enterocolitis as a hospital infection of neonates caused by food contaminated with b. cereus]. | | 1987 | 3121965 |
| [the role of molecular oxygen and energy metabolism in the onset of bacillus cereus spore germination]. | bacillus cereus 96 spore germination was shown to depend on the content of molecular oxygen in the growth medium. when oxygen was removed from the medium, the spores germinated 50 min later as compared with this process under aerobic conditions. likewise, spore initiation was delayed by 50 min in a growth medium containing oxygen in quantities optimal for respiration if 100mm kcn was added to it. the spores did not germinate when they had been treated simultaneously with glycolysis and respirati ... | 1987 | 3121988 |
| production of staphylococcal enterotoxin in mixed cultures. | two staphylococcus aureus strains were grown in brain-heart infusion (bhi) broth and a meat medium with bacillus cereus, streptococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. both s. aureus strains grew well and produced enterotoxin in the presence of s. faecalis in bhi broth; however, enterotoxin production was observable in the meat medium only when the s. aureus inoculum was greater than the s. faecalis inoculum. s. aureus fri-100 grown with b. cereus produced enterotoxin in b ... | 1987 | 3122653 |
| phosphorylase-mediated mobilization of the amino group of adenine in bacillus cereus. | mobilization of the ribose moiety of purine nucleosides as well as of the amino group of adenine may be realized in bacillus cereus by the concerted action of three enzymes: adenosine phosphorylase, adenosine deaminase, and purine nucleoside phosphorylase. in this pathway, ribose-1-phosphate and inorganic phosphate act catalytically, being continuously regenerated by purine nucleoside phosphorylase and adenosine phosphorylase, respectively. as a result of such a metabolic pathway, adenine is qua ... | 1987 | 3122663 |
| enzymatic hydrolysis of short-chain lecithin/long-chain phospholipid unilamellar vesicles: sensitivity of phospholipases to matrix phase state. | short-chain lecithin/long-chain phospholipid unilamellar vesicles (sluvs), unlike pure long-chain lecithin vesicles, are excellent substrates for water-soluble phospholipases. hemolysis assays show that greater than 99.5% of the short-chain lecithin is partitioned in the bilayer. in these binary component vesicles, the short-chain species is the preferred substrate, while the long-chain phospholipid can be treated as an inhibitor (phospholipase c) or poor substrate (phospholipase a2). for phosph ... | 1987 | 3122829 |
| inactivation of blasticidin s by bacillus cereus. i. inactivation mechanism. | | 1987 | 3123450 |
| [plasmid transformation of bacillus cereus protoplasts]. | the process of polyethyleneglycol-induced plasmid transformation of bacillus cereus protoplasts was studied. plasmid transfer into bacillus cereus strains was demonstrated with the frequencies 1.3.10(1)-1.6.10(2) transformants per 1 mkg of plasmid dna. the plasmids transferred are stably inherited by bacillus cereus cells causing tetracycline resistance (pbc16) or kanamycin resistance (pub110 and pbd64). the proposed method can be used for construction of bacillus cereus strains having the plasm ... | 1987 | 3123921 |
| increased arachidonic acid metabolites from cells in culture after treatment with the phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing phospholipase c from bacillus cereus. | treatment of rat liver cells (the c-9 cell line), porcine aorta endothelial cells, bovine aorta smooth muscle cells, bovine aorta endothelial cells, mouse fibroblasts and rat keratinocytes with highly purified, crystallized bacillus cereus phospholipase c, which hydrolyzes phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine but has little or no effect on phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin, sphingomyelin, lysophosphatidylcholine or lysophosphatidylethanolamin ... | 1987 | 3124216 |
| bacillus keratitis associated with contaminated contact lens care systems. | we examined two soft contact lens wearers who developed keratitis associated with bacillus contamination of their contact lens care systems. patient 1 developed a corneal ulcer caused by b. subtilis, and patient 2 demonstrated multiple, diffuse, punctate corneal epithelial opacities associated with b. cereus contamination in the contact lens and lens case compartment. the contact lens cases of both patients contained bacillus spores that survived multiple heat disinfection treatments. three diff ... | 1988 | 3124625 |
| the ph dependence of spectral parameters for kalckar's adenosine deaminase assay. | optimal monitor wavelengths and differential millimolar extinction coefficients (m delta epsilon) for rate determination of reactions catalyzed by adenosine deaminases on several substrates have been investigated as a function of ph in the range from 6.5 to 12. the values found are in some cases at variance with those quoted in the biochemical literature. the effect of ph on m delta epsilon values is shown to be clearly related to acid-base properties of product and/or substrate in the reaction. ... | 1987 | 3124669 |
| continuous enzymatically catalyzed production of l-leucine from the corresponding racemic hydroxy acid. | | 1987 | 3124688 |
| an x-ray-crystallographic study of beta-lactamase ii from bacillus cereus at 0.35 nm resolution. | crystals of beta-lactamase ii (ec 3.5.2.6., 'penicillinase') from bacillus cereus were grown with cd(ii) in place of the natural zn(ii) cofactor and stabilized by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. their space group is c2, the cell dimensions are a = 5.44 nm, b = 6.38 nm, c = 7.09 nm and beta = 93.6 degrees, and there is one molecule in the asymmetric unit. diffraction data were collected from cross-linked crystals of the cd(ii)-enzyme, the apoenzyme and six heavy-atom derivatives. the electron- ... | 1987 | 3124808 |
| beta-lactamase i from bacillus cereus. structure and site-directed mutagenesis. | the sequence of the gene for beta-lactamase i from bacillus cereus 569/h has been redetermined. oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis has been carried out, and the effects of the changes on the ampicillin-resistance of escherichia coli tg1 expressing the mutant genes have been studied. lysine-73, close to the active-site serine-70 and a highly-conserved residue, has been converted into arginine. this change had a large effect on activity, but did not abolish it. an even larger effect was found in ... | 1987 | 3124817 |
| 1-palmitoyl-2-thiopalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine, a highly specific chromogenic substrate of phospholipase a2. | 1-palmitoyl-2-thiopalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (2-thiopc), a structurally modified phospholipid analog is specifically hydrolyzed by phospholipase a2 to liberate 2-thiolysophosphatidylcholine and palmitic acid. the sulfhydryl group of the product is readily trapped by 5,5'-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) allowing continuous spectrophotometric monitoring of the enzymatic reaction. the rates of hydrolysis by bee-venom phospholipase a2 have been determined in a series of triton x-100 containing mi ... | 1988 | 3124835 |
| [use of different nutrient medium variants in determining the antimicrobial activity of neomycin]. | gel diffusion regularities with respect to neomycin sulfate substances differing in their composition and the antibiotic separate components were studied on nutrient media of diverse composition. optimal conditions for standardization of neomycin sulfate antimicrobial activity with using the agar diffusion method and synthetic medium are determined. | 1987 | 3125785 |
| use of the direct epifluorescent filter technique for the enumeration of bacterial spores. | heat treatment at 80 degrees c for 10 min effectively destroyed all vegetative cells (except for gram-positive cocci) and made easier the counting of bacterial spores, which stained orange, green or rarely transparent/black with a dull green halo, in the direct epifluorescent filter technique. the numbers of both orange- or green-staining spores were lower than the plate count. a variety of physiological conditions were used to investigate the relationship of the different staining patterns with ... | 1987 | 3126175 |
| attachment of human placental-type alkaline phosphatase via phosphatidylinositol to syncytiotrophoblast and tumour cell plasma membranes. | phosphatidylinositol anchors human placental-type alkaline phosphatase (plap) to both syncytiotrophoblast and tumour cell plasma membranes. plap activity was released from isolated human placental syncytiotrophoblast plasma membranes and the surface of tumour cells with a phospholipase c from bacillus cereus. this was a specific event, not the result of proteolysis or membrane perturbation, but the action of a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c in the preparation. soluble plap, releas ... | 1988 | 3127211 |
| crystal structure of neutral protease from bacillus cereus refined at 3.0 a resolution and comparison with the homologous but more thermostable enzyme thermolysin. | neutral protease from bacillus cereus exhibits a 73% amino acid sequence homology to thermolysin, for which an accurate crystal structure exists. the b. cereus enzyme is, however, markedly less thermostable. the neutral protease was crystallized and diffraction data to 3.0 a resolution were recorded by oscillation photography. the crystal structure was solved by molecular replacement methods using thermolysin as a trial molecule. the solution was improved by rigid-body refinement and model rebui ... | 1988 | 3127592 |
| bacillus cereus bacteremia in an adult with acute leukemia. | bacillus cereus, which used to be considered non-pathogenic, was isolated from the blood of a patient with acute leukemia who was receiving intensive chemotherapy. fatal bacteremia developed with a clinical syndrome of acute gastroenteritis, followed by both meningoencephalitis with subarachnoid hemorrhage and multiple liver abscesses probably caused by infective vasculitis. surveillance stool cultures revealed colonization with the organism prior to the onset of diarrhea, and repetitive blood c ... | 1988 | 3127617 |
| transfer of spores, bacteria and yeast into toluene containing phospholipids and low amounts of water: preservation of the bacterial respiratory chain. | a method that allows the transfer of spores, bacteria and yeasts into a ternary system composed of toluene, phospholipids and low amounts of water is described. initially an emulsion is formed by sonication of cells suspended in water in presence of toluene and phospholipids. the emulsion formed was subsequently clarified by blowing n2 on its surface and transparency was achieved when the water content of the system was reduced to 1-3 microliter/ml of organic solvent. the cells in ternary system ... | 1988 | 3128288 |
| [effect of initiated spores on the resistance of nongerminated resting forms of bacillus cereus remaining in the suspension to the action of damaging agents]. | the elevated resistance of a bacillus cereus spore suspension against the action of uv was found to depend on the quantity of resting forms initiated in the suspension prior to an irradiation. the resistance against uv increased 80-50 times if 60-90% of spores were initiated in the suspension as compared to that of the original resting forms. when suspensions containing 40% of non-germinated b. cereus spores were kept at 4 degrees c for 14 days, the latter became 10 and 14 times more resistant t ... | 1987 | 3130550 |
| acquired b antigen associated with infection by bacillus cereus: in vivo and in vitro transformation of a1 red cells. | | 1988 | 3130909 |
| cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression of the bacillus cereus 5/b/6 beta-lactamase ii structural gene. | two forms of heat-stable, zinc-containing beta-lactamase ii have been described for strains of bacillus cereus and have been shown to differ in substrate specificity (r. b. davies, e. p. abraham, j. fleming, and m. r. pollock, biochem. j. 145: 409-411, 1975). we report here the nucleotide sequence, inferred amino acid sequence, and expression of beta-lactamase ii from b. cereus 5/b/6 and compare our results with those for its homolog characterized in b. cereus 569/h (m. hussain, c. anthony, m. j ... | 1988 | 3131315 |
| incidence and characterization of bacillus cereus isolates contaminating dairy products. | a total of 293 dairy products purchased from local markets were examined to determine the incidence of and characterize bacillus cereus. isolations were made on mannitol-egg yolk-polymyxin b agar medium and confirmed by several staining and biochemical tests. b. cereus occurred in 17% of fermented milks, 52% of ice creams, 35% of soft ice creams, 2% of pasteurized milks and pasteurized fruit- or nut-flavored reconstituted milks, and 29% of milk powders, mostly in fruit- or nut-flavored milk mixe ... | 1988 | 3132097 |
| high-resolution solid-state 13c nuclear magnetic resonance of bacterial spores: identification of the alpha-carbon signal of dipicolinic acid. | natural-abundance solid-state 13c nuclear magnetic resonance spectra were obtained for bacterial spores for the first time by using the technique of cross-polarization magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. a resonance at about 150 ppm, detectable in spore samples having a mn content of less than 0.05%, was consistent with an identification as the alpha-carbon signal of calcium dipicolinate; this signal was missing from a spore sample treated with acid to release dipicolin ... | 1988 | 3132103 |
| investigation of the bacillus cereus phosphonoacetaldehyde hydrolase. evidence for a schiff base mechanism and sequence analysis of an active-site peptide containing the catalytic lysine residue. | reaction of bacillus cereus phosphonoacetaldehyde hydrolase (phosphonatase) with phosphonoacetaldehyde or acetaldehyde in the presence of nabh4 resulted in complete loss of enzymatic activity. treatment of phosphonatase with nabh4 in the absence of substrate or product had no effect on catalysis. inactivation of phosphonatase with [3h]nabh4 and phosphonoacetaldehyde, nabh4 and [14c]acetaldehyde, or nabh4 and [2-3h]phosphonoacetaldehyde produced in each instance radiolabeled enzyme. the nature of ... | 1988 | 3132206 |
| false positive legionella pneumophila direct immunofluorescent monoclonal antibody test caused by bacillus cereus spores. | direct immunofluorescent monoclonal antibody stain testing for legionella pneumophila in oklahoma lake water yielded an unknown bacillus with fluorescence intensity equal to that of l. pneumophila stock strains. the organism in question was identified as bacillus cereus, a ubiquitous bacterium. when b. cereus cultures were studied, fluorescence was seen in spores but not in vegetative cells. since a positive immunofluorescent monoclonal antibody test (alone) might be considered by some individua ... | 1988 | 3133155 |
| microbial spoilage of pre-cooked potato-topped pies. | the ecological succession of bacteria which developed in pre-cooked potato-topped pies stored at two different temperatures was examined. bacillus, streptococcus and staphylococcus-micrococcus spp. were the predominant organisms isolated from freshly prepared pies and those stored at 4 degrees and 37 degrees c. none of these groups of bacteria caused significant biodeterioration of pies held at 4 degrees c, but all groups grew well in pies stored at 37 degrees c and achieved counts of ca 10(8)/g ... | 1988 | 3133345 |
| characterization of bacillus cereus strains isolated from drugs and evaluation of their toxins. | the microbial contamination of 68 samples of topical and 324 samples of oral medicaments has been studied. the most common group of contaminants was members of the genus bacillus (34.4%). because of the pathogenic significance of b. cereus, 39 strains were characterized by morphology and biochemical properties. all except three showed most of the characteristics of the type strain. they were highly resistant to lincomycin, polymyxin b and penicillin g-cephalosporin and were susceptible to strept ... | 1988 | 3133346 |
| the influence of pyrithione on the growth of micro-organisms. | pyrithione was active against a range of micro-organisms, the most resistant being gram-negative bacteria. the growth curves for klebsiella pneumoniae and bacillus licheniformis showed a drug-dependent lag phase. candida albicans grew with a drug-dependent growth rate. edta antagonized the effects of pyrithione. | 1988 | 3133347 |
| results of a prospective statewide reporting system for infective endocarditis. | to better understand the microbiology, anatomy, and demography of infectious endocarditis, we devised a prospective statewide reporting system to study these infections. because our study design required accurate diagnosis, reliable case reporting, and a high probability of physician-to-case exposure, we enlisted the help of cardiologists, cardiovascular surgeons, and infectious disease specialists throughout louisiana. all louisiana members of the american college of cardiology and the infectio ... | 1988 | 3133947 |
| beta-lactamase inhibitors. the inhibition of serine beta-lactamases by specific boronic acids. | many beta-lactamases have active-site serine residues, and are competitively inhibited by boronic acids. hitherto, the boronic acids used have lacked any structural resemblance to the substrates of beta-lactamases. phenylacetamidomethaneboronic acid, trifluoroacetamidomethaneboronic acid and 2,6-dimethoxybenzamidomethaneboronic acid have now been synthesized. the first of these contains the side-chain moiety of penicillin g, and the last that of methicillin. the ph-dependence of binding of the f ... | 1988 | 3135799 |
| [mechanisms of induction of germination of bacillus cereus spores using various initiators]. | | 1988 | 3135990 |
| [poisoning caused by bacillus cereus and transmitted by salted codfish]. | | 1987 | 3136542 |
| cloning and sequencing of the gene encoding the phosphatidylcholine-preferring phospholipase c of bacillus cereus. | a synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide probe was used to clone the gene encoding the phosphatidylcholine-preferring phospholipase c of bacillus cereus. the sequence of a 2050-bp restriction fragment containing the gene was determined. analysis of the gene-derived amino acid (aa) sequence showed that this exoenzyme is probably synthesized as a 283-aa precursor with a 24-aa signal peptide and a 14-aa propeptide. the mature, secreted enzyme comprises 245 aa residues. sonicates of escherichia coli hb101 c ... | 1988 | 3137122 |
| synthesis of some 5-azo(4'-substituted benzene-sulphamoyl)-8-hydroxyquinolines with antidotal and antibacterial activities. | 5-azo(4'-substituted benzenesulphamoyl)-8-hydroxyquinolines(iii) have been prepared by coupling of the appropriate p-substituted benzenesulphamoyldiazonium acetates with 8-hydroxyquinoline. the corresponding copper chelates(iv) and iron chelates(v) were also prepared in a 1:2 metal to ligand ratio. structures of iii, iv and v were confirmed by some representative uv, ir, and nmr spectrometry in addition to microanalysis. antidotal activity of four ligands (iiia, iiid, iiif, and iiii) has been ev ... | 1988 | 3137314 |
| plasmid, serotypic, and enterotoxin analysis of bacillus cereus in an outbreak setting. | bacillus cereus is a recognized agent of food-borne disease. in this report we describe an outbreak of b. cereus gastroenteritis associated with consumption of beef stew among patients and staff at a rhode island nursing home. the beef had been improperly stored after preparation. the predominant symptoms of the illness were cramps and diarrhea; it lasted an average of 16 h. no deaths occurred. the organism was recovered from 10 of 23 stools collected from ill patients and 1 of 21 stools collect ... | 1988 | 3139708 |
| bacillus species. | | 1988 | 3139745 |
| [incidence of bacillus cereus in powdered dehydrated food]. | bacillus cereus incidence on dehydrated powdered foods on sale in supermarkets of santa fe city was studied. two hundred and fifty samples of five different foods: desserts, soups, mousses, pre-cooked "polenta" and mashed potatoes, were examined. toxinogenic activity of strains confirmed as b. cereus by means of the test of lethality in rats, was analyzed. the ratio between contaminated samples and total analyzed samples was always greater than 6% (table 1). besides, none of the analyzed foods e ... | 1987 | 3140293 |
| [isolation of bacillus cereus from fried rice from restaurants in costa rica]. | | 1988 | 3140340 |
| isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activity of pamamycin-607, an aerial mycelium-inducing substance from streptomyces alboniger. | pamamycin-607, which showed aerial mycelium-inducing activity, has been isolated from streptomyces alboniger ifo 12738. at 0.1 microgram/disc it induces aerial mycelia in the aerial mycelium-negative strain of s. alboniger but inhibits growth of the substrate mycelia at 10 micrograms/disc. it also acts as an antibiotic against some fungi and bacteria. when kmno4 was partitioned with pamamycin-607 between benzene and water, mno4- but no k+ was transferred from the water to the benzene layer; pama ... | 1988 | 3141335 |
| [effect of the culture broth on the reactivation of refractile resting forms and on spore germination in bacillus cereus]. | the filtrate of the cultural broth taken at the lag phase of bacillus cereus 504 growth stimulated the germination of endospores and the reactivation of refractile resting forms. the energy processes were shown to be stimulated in the studied anabiotic cells. | 1988 | 3141749 |
| protection of cadmium toxicity to b. cereus, e. coli and a. niger by na+, mg++ and ca++ ions. | 10ppm of cadmium apparently seem to extend the lag phase of bacillus cereus and escherichia coli but in reality both 10 and 100ppm decreased the growth with differing intensity. 1.0ppm of cadmium decreased the growth of aspergillus niger, and it failed to grow at 500ppm. however, addition of calcium, magnesium and sodium gave increasing protection against cadmium toxicity for the growth of b. cereus, e. coli an a. niger. it is inferred that environment pollution by cadmium is related to the cati ... | 1988 | 3142161 |
| role of menaquinone in inactivation and activation of the bacillus cereus forespore respiratory system. | the respiratory systems of the bacillus cereus mother cell, forespore, and dormant and germinated spore were studied. the results indicated that the electron transfer capacity during sporulation, dormancy, and germination is related to the menaquinone levels in the membrane. during the maturation stages of sporulation (stages iii to vi), forespore nadh oxidase activity underwent inactivation concomitant with a sevenfold decrease in the content of menaquinone and without major changes in the cont ... | 1988 | 3142861 |
| microbial transformation of the pyrethroid insecticides: permethrin, deltamethrin, fastac, fenvalerate, and fluvalinate. | pure cultures of bacillus cereus, pseudomonas fluorescens, and achromobacter sp. were shown to transform five pyrethroid insecticides in the presence of tween 80. one of the major products, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, was further transformed to 4-hydroxy-3-phenoxybenzoic acid. permethrin was the most rapidly transformed of the pyrethroids, with a half-life of less than 5 days. | 1988 | 3145715 |
| [the contamination of a hospital with bacillus cereus without an indication of cases of infection]. | a hygienic investigation of a hospital revealed b. cereus in 60.5% (66 out of 109) of swab specimens taken from walls, apparatuses, airing devices and bedclothes. these findings were not associated with evidence of human infection caused by the organism within the hospital. in a similar investigation three weeks later, only 22.5% of the environmental specimens were positive for b. cereus. the hospital contamination with b. cereus has thus been virtually temporary and epidemiologically silent. co ... | 1988 | 3146178 |
| [glycine-dependent cryotransformation of bacillus cereus by plasmid dna]. | a new technique for transformation of naturally noncompetent strains of bac. cereus is proposed. penetration of the dna into recipient cells is based on two-step effect. at the first step of the process bacilli are affected by glycine in the early logarithmic phase of growth of the common periodic culture. at the second step the mixed dna and recipient cells are frozen-thawed. the process permits the transforming dna penetration via the outer membrane layer of the recipient cells having the affe ... | 1988 | 3148860 |
| inhibitory effect of 1-methyldodecyldimethylamine oxide and n,n-bis(dodecyldimethyl)-1,2-ethanediammonium dibromide on the spores of bacillus cereus. | 1-methyldodecyldimethylamine oxide (mddo) and n,n'-bis(dodecyldimethyl)-1,2-ethanediammonium dibromide (bded) exhibit a significant affinity for the surface of bacillus cereus spores and adsorb very rapidly to the cells; they have a pronounced inhibitory effect on spore outgrowth. in order to alter the affinity of the spore surface for these inhibitors, the spores were pretreated with sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds), and with an electronegative (tween 80) and electropositive (histone) compound. in ... | 1988 | 3149252 |
| in vitro activity of fleroxacin (ro23-6240), a new fluorinated 4-quinolone against isolates from cancer patients. | the in vitro activity of fleroxacin (ro23-6240; am 833), a new fluorinated 4-quinolone, was compared to that of ciprofloxacin, enoxacin and a-56620, against 747 isolates from cancer patients. fleroxacin inhibited more than 90% of enterobacteriacea isolates at a concentration of less than or equal to 0.25 micrograms/ml. it was also extremely active against aeromonas hydrophila and haemophilus influenzae isolates with mic90 values of 0.12 and 0.06 micrograms/ml, respectively. the mic90 for acineto ... | 1988 | 3149568 |
| [bacillus cereus panophthalmitis]. | | 1987 | 3149593 |
| [laboratory study on an outbreak of bacillus cereus food poisoning]. | | 1988 | 3150347 |
| [amphoteric ion intermediates in the pyrazine series. the action of phenacyl bromide on pyrazine]. | | 1988 | 3150600 |
| functional relationships between l- and d-alanine, inosine and nh4cl during germination of spores of bacillus cereus t. | the results of a physiological study of the interaction between nh4cl, inosine, and the stereoisomers of alanine during germination of spores of bacillus cereus t are presented. detailed kinetics for the germination of unheated spores in moderate concentrations of l-alanine (in the absence of auto-inhibition due to alanine racemase) are established, as is the specificity of the stimulatory effect of nh4cl in relation to other salts, amines, and germinants. the results suggest that nh4cl and inos ... | 1988 | 3151208 |
| effect of reduced water activity on vegetative growth of cells and on germination of endospores of sporolactobacillus. | growth of vegetative cells and germination of endospores of sporolactobacillus at reduced water activity (aw) values were studied with nacl and glycerol as humectants, and compared with bacillus cereus and clostridium sporogenes. with nacl the highest aw for complete inhibition of both growth of vegetative cells and germinated spores of sporolactobacillus was 0.955. with glycerol, growth of vegetative cells was completely inhibited at 0.905 as compared to 0.880 for vegetative growth resulting fr ... | 1988 | 3152794 |
| critical control points for foods prepared in households whose members had either alleged typhoid fever or diarrhea. | hazard analysis of food preparation practices were conducted in four households and eleven others were visited to survey both food preparation practices and environmental conditions. households selected had members who were suffering from either diarrhea of unknown etiology or alleged typhoid fever. hazard analyses and sanitary surveys included gathering data on time-temperature exposures of foods, collecting samples of food and drinking water, sampling sewage or drains, and obtaining stool spec ... | 1988 | 3152803 |
| the inhibition of the growth of bacillus cereus in liver sausage. | the growth of bacillus cereus is a problem in liver sausage especially when the sausages are stored at high temperatures. even concentrations of greater than 10(6)/g have been detected. in this study we found that when combining glucono-delta-lactone, sodium erythorbate and citric acid with sodium nitrite and salt the growth of b. cereus could be delayed or totally inhibited. | 1988 | 3152808 |
| central venous catheter with subcutaneous injection port (port-a-cath): clinical experience with children. | long-term intermittent venous access was established in 26 children by means of a central venous catheter (cvc) with a subcutaneous injection port (port-a-cath) (pac). as of december, 1985, pacs had been in place for 20-750 days (cumulative 10,890 days) with 647 entries into the system. the pacs were used for blood sampling and administration of chemotherapy, antibiotics, fluids, total parenteral nutrition (tpn), and blood products. one patient with sever neutropenia (absolute neutrophil granulo ... | 1987 | 3155237 |
| the relationship between the structures of four beta-lactamases obtained from bacillus cereus. | bacillus cereus has proved to be one of the most interesting microorganisms in the study of beta-lactamases. it secrets these enzymes very efficiently and, frequently, in multiple forms. three different forms are produced by strain 569/h; mutant 5/b of the same microorganism is constitutive for the secretion of beta-lactamases i and ii. the present study, based on secondary structure prediction by two independent methods, states the relationship among the structures of beta-lactamases i, ii and ... | 1988 | 3155326 |
| the biosynthetic implications of acetate and glutamate incorporation into (3r,5r)-carbapenam-3-carboxylic acid and (5r)-carbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid by serratia sp. | two new beta-lactams have been isolated from strains of serratia and erwinia sp. and identified as (3r,5r)- and (3s,5r)-carbapenam-3-carboxylic acid. these novel carbapenams lack antibacterial activity, are resistant to both beta-lactamases i and ii from bacillus cereus and are not detected by the lactamase induction assay. radiolabelled and stable isotope experiments have established that both metabolites together with the antibiotic 5r-carbapenem-3-carboxylic acid are glutamate and acetate der ... | 1988 | 3182403 |
| bacillus species isolates from cerebrospinal fluid in patients without shunts. | of 849 csf cultures done at hartford hospital, nine were positive for nonanthrax bacillus species. differentiation of true nonanthrax bacillus species infection from contamination requires careful consideration of the clinical findings, the clinical course, and the laboratory data. in seven patients the nonanthrax bacillus species represented contamination. in two patients the nonanthrax bacillus species represented true infection. in one of these infected patients, nonanthrax bacillus species c ... | 1988 | 3186383 |
| five unique temperate phages from a polylysogenic strain of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai. | five temperate phages were isolated from strain 4042b of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai. the phages, which were heteroimmune, could also be distinguished by their host ranges, plaque and particle morphologies, serological specificities, and locations of restriction endonuclease cleavage sites on their chromosomes. besides maintaining a stable lysogenic relationship with the 4042b host strain, each phage formed a stable lysogen with bacillus cereus. | 1988 | 3221199 |
| microorganisms associated with mouldiness of dried yam chips and their prevention. | the broad objective of this study was to isolate and identify the microorganisms causing mouldiness of stored yam chips and to look for ways of preventing the problem. microorganisms isolated included aspergillus flavus, a. glaucus, a. nidulans, a. niger, a. ochraceous, a. tamarii, a. candidus, penicillium oxalicum, trichoderma longibrachyatum, rhizopus nigricans, cylindrocarpon radicicola, neurospora crassa, botryodiplodia theobromae, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, erwinia carotovora and s ... | 1988 | 3231261 |
| on the kinetic interaction between ceftriaxone and some beta-lactamases. | the activity of beta-lactamases from citrobacter diversus ula-27 on ceftriaxone, a widely recognized third-generation cephalosporin, has been examined and compared to the activity of various other beta-lactamases from different sources. ceftriaxone (roche s.p.a. milan) was found to be resistant to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases from enterobacter cloacae and bacillus cereus, but susceptible to beta-lactamases from mycobacterium fortuitum strain cow 18 and, mostly, to beta-lactamases from various s ... | 1988 | 3260552 |
| imipenem as substrate and inhibitor of beta-lactamases. | the interaction between imipenem, a carbapenem antibiotic, and two representative beta-lactamases has been studied. the first enzyme was beta-lactamase i, a class-a beta-lactamase from bacillus cereus; imipenem behaved as a slow substrate (kcat. 6.7 min-1, km 0.4 mm at 30 degrees c and at ph 7) that reacted by a branched pathway. there was transient formation of an altered species formed in a reversible reaction; this species was probably an acyl-enzyme in a slightly altered, but considerably mo ... | 1988 | 3263117 |
| modified general affinity adsorbent for large-scale purification of penicillinases. | n-acetyl-d-(-)-penicillamine as a stable second-generation biospecific affinity ligand has previously been suggested for purification of bacillus cereus 569/h beta-lactamase i. a complex spacer arm is coupled with the matrix by using epichlorohydrin and phloroglucinol doubly activated with divinyl sulphone in the meta position. coupling of d-(-)-penicillamine ligand resulted in an active affigel. however, we found that two affinity ligands in close proximity prevents simultaneous binding of two ... | 1988 | 3265708 |
| study of the bacillus flora of nigerian spices. | bacteriological examination of 230 samples of five different unprocessed spices (aligator pepper, red pepper, black pepper, thyme and curry powder) collected randomly from port harcourt main markets revealed that the spices were highly contaminated, with bacterial counts ranging from 1.8 x 10(4) to 1.1 x 10(8) per gram. bacillus cereus was isolated in high numbers in the majority of the 230 samples examined. it was also observed that other bacillus spp. including b. subtilis, b. polymyxa and b. ... | 1988 | 3275301 |
| physiology of sporolactobacillus strains isolated from different habitats and the indication of in vitro antagonism against bacillus species. | in an ecological study only low numbers of sporolactobacillus were found in habitats such as the faeces of herbivores, the rumen of cattle and the final waste water of an abattoir. their presence in the final waste water of an abattoir indicates their possible association with food, and, more specifically, with meat. differences were found in some physiological characteristics. one isolate (l2404) differed from the authentic sporolactobacillus atcc 15538 by its inability to ferment inulin, its g ... | 1988 | 3275317 |
| effects of phospholipase c, a tissue thromboplastin inhibitor, on pulmonary microembolism after missile injury of the limb. | tissue thromboplastin probably plays an important role in the development of post-traumatic pulmonary microembolism. infusion of purified human tissue thromboplastin in animals resulted in an intravascular coagulation and respiratory insufficiency. this could be inhibited by previous infusion of phospholipase c (plc) from bacillus cereus. we have studied the effects of plc infusion on the course of post-traumatic pulmonary microembolism, induced by a high-energy (c. 700 j) missile trauma to the ... | 1988 | 3339692 |
| [surface changes of intravenous catheters after antineoplastic chemotherapy]. | during long-term venous catheter implantation, septic and thrombotic complications are quite frequent. in the case reported, the failure of systemic and local antibiotic therapy during repeated septicaemia due to bacillus cereus at the time of intensive chemotherapy led to a scanning electron microscopy study of the used silicone catheter. there were marked changes of the inner surface with a lot of cellular remains, in contrast with the usual non thrombogenic property of the silicone. an in vit ... | 1988 | 3348519 |
| in vitro susceptibility of bacillus spp. to selected antimicrobial agents. | although often dismissed as contaminants when isolated from blood cultures, bacillus spp. are increasingly recognized as capable of causing serious systemic infections. as part of a clinical-microbiological study, 89 strains of bacillus spp. isolated from clinical blood cultures between 1981 and 1985 had their species determined and were tested for antimicrobial agent susceptibility to 18 antibiotics. species of isolates were determined by the api 50ch and api 20e systems. bacillus cereus (54 st ... | 1988 | 3395100 |
| bacillus infections in patients with cancer. | eighteen febrile patients experienced 24 episodes of bacillus bacteremias from january 1978 to june 1986. bacillus species isolated included bacillus cereus (eight cases), bacillus circulans (three), bacillus subtilis (two), bacillus pumilus (two), bacillus licheniformis (one), bacillus sphaericus (one), bacillus coagulans (one), and six that could not be speciated. fifteen patients had lymphoma or leukemia and three had breast cancer. nine patients were neutropenic (polymorphonuclear neutrophil ... | 1988 | 3401098 |
| vasopressin stimulates the phosphorylation of an 83,000 mr protein in the superior cervical ganglion. | 1. 32p-labeled proteins from the superior cervical ganglion of the rat were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and visualized by autoradiography. 2. the most heavily labeled phosphoprotein in the ganglion had a relative molecular weight of 83,000 and a pi of 4.5. phosphorylation of this protein was increased by phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, an activator of the ca2+/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase c. this protein appears to be similar or identical to a specific pro ... | 1987 | 3451798 |
| leishmania and trypanosoma surface glycoproteins have a common glycophospholipid membrane anchor. | the variant surface glycoprotein (vsg) of the african trypanosomes is the major membrane protein of the plasma membrane of the bloodstream stage of the parasite. it is anchored in the plasma membrane by a glycolipid covalently bound to the c-terminal amino acid of the protein. the vsg is released through the action of a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c that removes dimyristoylglycerol and exposes the carbohydrate antigenic determinant common to all vsgs. promastigotes of leishmania ... | 1986 | 3461472 |
| tertiary structural similarity between a class a beta-lactamase and a penicillin-sensitive d-alanyl carboxypeptidase-transpeptidase. | beta-lactam antibiotics--the penicillins, cephalosporins and related compounds--act by inhibiting enzymes that catalyse the final stages of the synthesis of bacterial cell walls. recent crystallographic studies of representative enzymes are beginning to reveal the structural bases of antibiotic specificity and mechanism of action, while intensive efforts are being made to understand the beta-lactamase enzymes that are largely responsible for bacterial resistance to these antibiotics. it has been ... | 1986 | 3485771 |
| carboxy groups as essential residues in beta-lactamases. | beta-lactamases are divided into classes a, b and c on the basis of their amino acid sequences. beta-lactamases were incubated at ph 4.0 with the carboxy-group reagent 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodi-imide plus a coloured nucleophile and the extents of inactivation and nucleophile incorporation were monitored. two class a enzymes (from bacillus cereus and bacillus licheniformis) and two class c enzymes (from enterobacter cloacae p99 and pseudomonas aeruginosa) were examined. all four en ... | 1986 | 3493768 |