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alternating temperature combined with darkness resets base temperature for germination (tb ) in photoblastic seeds of lippia and aloysia (verbenaceae).thermal time models for seed germination assume a continuum of rate responses in the sub-optimal temperature range. generally, the models describe germination performance in non-dormant seeds at constant temperatures, yet alternating temperature (at) is a feature of many natural environments. we studied the possible interacting effects of at on germination progress in photoblastic seeds of three aromatic-medicinal verbenaceae species in the genera lippia and aloysia. for lippia turbinata f. turb ...201726998824
acute larvicidal toxicity of five essential oils (pinus nigra, hyssopus officinalis, satureja montana, aloysia citrodora and pelargonium graveolens) against the filariasis vector culex quinquefasciatus: synergistic and antagonistic effects.mosquito vector control is facing a number of important and timely challenges, mainly due to the rapid development of pesticide resistance and environmental concerns. in this scenario, screening of botanical resources for their mosquitocidal activity may offer effective and eco-friendly tools against culicidae vectors. culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae) is a vector of lymphatic filariasis and of dangerous arboviral diseases, such as west nile and st. louis encephalitis. in this stud ...201728110082
effect of ozone on the microbiological status of five dried aromatic plants.aromatic plants may be contaminated with a wide range of microorganisms making them a potential health hazard when infused or added in ready-to-eat meals. to ensure safety, the effect of gaseous ozone treatment on the population of aerobic plate counts (apc), hygienic indicators (escherichia coli, enterococcus spp. and enterobacteriaceae) and fungi was investigated for five dried aromatic plants; i.e. oregano, thyme, mountain tea, lemon verbena and chamomile. selection, isolation, and further fu ...201728758285
chemical composition and cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of the essential oil of aloysia citriodora palau grown in morocco.the aim of this work is to investigate the in vitro cytotoxic and antibacterial effects of the essential oils of aloysia citriodora palau, harvested in different regions of morocco. the chemical profile was established using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. the cytotoxic activity against p815, mcf7, and vero cell lines as well as the normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) was evaluated using the mtt assay. standard, atcc, strains of bacteria (escherichia coli, stap ...201728694822
efficacy and tolerability of phytomedicines in multiple sclerosis patients: a review.multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (cns) that can cause cognition, mobility, and sensory impairments. it is considered one of the most common non-traumatic causes of disability in the world. the aim of the present article was to review the clinical evidence related to medicinal plants in the management of ms symptoms. electronic databases, including the cochrane library, pubmed, and scopus, were searched for entries from 196 ...201728948486
is gamma radiation suitable to preserve phenolic compounds and to decontaminate mycotoxins in aromatic plants? a case-study with aloysia citrodora paláu.this study aimed to determine the effect of gamma radiation on the preservation of phenolic compounds and on decontamination of dry herbs in terms of ochratoxin a (ota) and aflatoxin b1 (afb1), using aloysia citrodora paláu as a case study. for this purpose, artificially contaminated dry leaves were submitted to gamma radiation at different doses (1, 5, and 10 kgy; at dose rate of 1.7 kgy/h). phenolic compounds were analysed by hplc-dad-esi/ms and mycotoxin levels were determined by hplc-fluores ...201728241497
essential oils from taiwan: chemical composition and antibacterial activity against escherichia coli.the chemical compositions of seven essential oils from taiwan were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the eluates were identified by matching the mass fragment patents to the national institute of standards and technology (nist) 08 database. the quantitative analysis showed that the major components of lemon verbena are geranial (26.9%) and neral (23.1%); those of sweet marjoram are γ-terpinene (18.5%), thymol methyl ether (15.5%), and terpinen-4-ol (12.0%); those of clove basil a ...201628911550
effect of lemon verbena powder and vitamin c on performance and immunity of heat-stressed broilers.an experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of lemon verbena powder and vitamin c on performance and immunity of broilers under heat stress. the experiment was carried out with a total of 160-day-old male ross 308 broiler chickens in a completely randomized design. from 25 days of age, the birds were assigned to four diets including control diet and treatment diets which were supplemented with 2 levels of lemon verbena (0.5% and 1.0%) and one level of vitamin c (250 mg/kg) in 16-floor ...201626833391
effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of lippia citriodora on candida albicans.because of resistance and side effects to common antifungal drugs activity, the research on herbal substances with antifungal activity is frequent. lemon verbena (lippia citriodora) is a member of verbenaceae family. the aim of this study was to determine the anti-candida activities of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the lemon verbena leaves and compare them with nystatin and fluconazole.201627757185
evaluation of the antibacterial effects of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of aloysia citriodora (lemon verbena) on streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sobrinus.the aloysia citriodora plant from the family of verbenaceae has many uses in traditional medicine. the aim of the current study was to determine the effects of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of a. citriodora on streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sobrinus, which cause tooth decay.201628163849
acceptability of aloysia citriodora-supplemented peach jams.an unsupplemented peach jam and four peach jam samples prepared by supplementing the former with increasing amounts of aloysia citriodora aqueous extract were subjected to sensory testing. a trained panel of eight assessors initially identified (reaching consensus) the relevant sensory attributes and then rated the jam samples on an individual basis. the jam samples were later evaluated for overall liking and willingness to purchase by a group of 95 interested consumers, who also provided their ...201524259751
lemon verbena (lippia citriodora) polyphenols alleviate obesity-related disturbances in hypertrophic adipocytes through ampk-dependent mechanisms.there is growing evidence that natural products, mostly plant-derived polyphenols, are important in the relationship between nutrients and health in humans.201526055125
pharmacological and neuroprotective profile of an essential oil derived from leaves of aloysia citrodora palau.the jordanian 'melissa', (aloysia citrodora) has been poorly studied both pharmacologically and in the clinic. essential oils (eo) derived from leaves of a. citrodora were obtained by hydrodistillation, analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) and were investigated for a range of neurobiological and pharmacological properties, as a basis for potential future use in drug discovery.201525877296
effects of dietary supplementation with lemon verbena extracts on serum inflammatory markers of multiple sclerosis patients.inflammation is one of the main contributory factors to the etiopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (ms). dietary interventions with lipia citriadora (lemon verbena) extracts have been proved to be effective in the prevention of inflammatory diseases.201425617561
beverage and culture. "zhourat", a multivariate analysis of the globalization of a herbal tea from the middle east.the "zhourat" herbal tea consists of a blend of wild flowers, herbs, leaves and fruits and is a typical beverage of lebanon and syria. we aim to evaluate cultural significance of "zhourat", to determine cultural standards for its formulation including key ingredients and to determine acceptable variability levels in terms of number of ingredients and their relative proportions, in summary what is "zhourat" and what is not "zhourat" from an ethnobotanical perspective. for this purpose we develop ...201424703931
bioavailability of lemon verbena (aloysia triphylla) polyphenols in rats: impact of colonic inflammation.lemon verbena (aloysia triphylla) infusion, a widely consumed herbal tea, contains significant amounts of polyphenols such as flavone diglucuronides and phenylpropanoid glycosides (mainly verbascoside). we have recently shown that lemon verbena infusion offers beneficial effects against dextran sodium sulphate (dss)-induced colonic inflammation in rats. the present study aimed to evaluate the bioavailability and intestinal absorption of polyphenols derived from lemon verbena infusion in both hea ...201424513110
phenylpropanoids and their metabolites are the major compounds responsible for blood-cell protection against oxidative stress after administration of lippia citriodora in rats.lippia citriodora (lemon verbena) has been widely used in folk medicine for its pharmacological properties. verbascoside, the most abundant compound in this plant, has protective effects associated mostly with its strong antioxidant activity. the purpose of this study was to test the effect of l. citriodora extract intake on the antioxidant response of blood cells and to correlate this response with the phenolic metabolites found in plasma. for this purpose, firstly the l. citriodora extract was ...201323827667
lethal and sublethal effects of four essential oils on the egg parasitoids trissolcus basalis.the essential oils from leaves of schinus molle var. areira, aloysia citriodora, origanum vulgare and thymus vulgaris have showed potential as phytoinsecticides against the green stink bug, nezara viridula. in this work were evaluated their toxicological and behavioral effects on the parasitoid trissolcus basalis, a biological control agent of this pest insect. essential oils were obtained via hydrodestillation from fresh leaves. insecticide activity in t. basalis females was evaluated in direct ...201323664473
northwestern argentina: a center of genetic diversity of lemon verbena (aloysia citriodora paláu, verbenaceae).the aerial parts of lemon verbena (aloysia citriodora paláu) are worldwide used due to their medicinal and aromatic properties. the essential-oil and acteoside contents have been proposed as the main quality markers for their pharmacological and organoleptic features. the northwestern region of argentina has been repeatedly proposed as the place of origin for this species. for this reason, the essential-oil yields and chemical compositions of leaves of 25 populations of lemon verbena from both w ...201323418172
aqueous extracts of lippia turbinata and aloysia citriodora (verbenaceae): assessment of antioxidant capacity and dna damage.the aim of the present work was to make a contribution to the knowledge of aqueous extracts of lippia turbinata and aloysia citriodora (verbenaceae; infusion and decoction) in relation with the establishment of its antioxidant activity and lack of dna damage, for its potential use in therapeutics. the cytogenotoxic profile was evaluated through genotoxic biomarkers such as mitotic index, cellular proliferation kinetics, sister chromatid exchanges, single-cell gel electrophoresis assay, and micro ...201222427199
[the effect of the essential oil from aloysia triphylla britton (lemon verbena) on trypanosoma cruzi in mice].to determine the in-vivo anti-trypanosoma cruzi activity of the essential oil from aloysia triphylla in mice.201222510908
antioxidant effect of lemon verbena extracts in lymphocytes of university students performing aerobic training program.aerobic training is related to an increase in blood oxidation markers. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant capacity of lippia citriodora extracts (plx(®) ) on plasma and blood cell oxidative status of university students beginning a 21 days aerobic training routine (3 days/week). using a double-blind design, 15 male athletes (21 ± 2.1 years) were assigned to a group consuming 1.8 g/day of the plant extract (plx(®) -group) or a placebo (plb-group). two blood extrac ...201221083769
effect of lemon verbena supplementation on muscular damage markers, proinflammatory cytokines release and neutrophils' oxidative stress in chronic exercise.intense exercise is directly related to muscular damage and oxidative stress due to excessive reactive oxygen species (ros) in both, plasma and white blood cells. nevertheless, exercise-derived ros are essential to regulate cellular adaptation to exercise. studies on antioxidant supplements have provided controversial results. the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of moderate antioxidant supplementation (lemon verbena extract) in healthy male volunteers that followed a 90-min run ...201120967458
infusions and decoctions of mixed herbs used in folk medicine: synergism in antioxidant potential.infusions (herbal teas) and decoctions are used frequently to administer oral doses of herbs. although some herbs are used as single ingredients, they are often prepared as mixtures, as reported by numerous ethnobotanical surveys. the present work was carried out to identify the different types of interaction (synergistic, additive and antagonistic effects) which may be found in the antioxidant activity of preparations from mixtures of the popular herbs aloysia citrodora (lemon verbena), foenicu ...201121308820
effects of oral dosage form and storage period on the antioxidant properties of four species used in traditional herbal medicine.herbal infusions and decoctions in water are some of the most commonly consumed beverages in the world. although water is not a good solvent for many of the active components in herbs, liquid preparations are rich in several bioactive compounds. most of them have powerful antioxidant activity and have been related to medicinal herbs' properties. herein, decoctions and infusions in water of lemon-verbena (aloysia citrodora) aerial parts and leaves, fennel (foeniculum vulgare), pennyroyal (mentha ...201120740475
lemon verbena infusion consumption attenuates oxidative stress in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in the rat.background: inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd) consist of an uncontrolled intestinal inflammation leading to mucosal disruption. this inflammation is accompanied by an excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ros). polyphenols are micronutrients with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, and may play an interesting role in the prevention of intestinal inflammation. lemon verbena (aloysia triphylla) infusion is a popular herbal infusion rich in polyphenols (flavones and verbascos ...201121688009
A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study of the effect of a combination of lemon verbena extract and fish oil omega-3 fatty acid on joint management.The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of an antioxidant/anti-inflammatory supplement containing standardized lemon verbena (Aloysia triphylla, Lippia citriodora) extract and fish oil omega-3 fatty acid in a human pilot trial as an alternative treatment for joint management.201122087615
aloysia triphylla infusion protects rats against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colonic damage.background: inflammatory bowel diseases consist of uncontrolled intestinal inflammation leading to mucosal disruption. polyphenols are micronutrients with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and may play an interesting role in the prevention of intestinal inflammation. lemon verbena (aloysia triphylla (l'herit.) britton, verbenaceae) infusion is a popular herbal drink rich in polyphenols. this study evaluated the protective effects of lemon verbena infusion consumption on the developmen ...201122190244
Screening the Antiangiogenic Activity of Medicinal Plants Grown and Sold in Jordan.Angiogenesis is essential for the growth, invasion, and metastasis of most solid tumors and has become a valuable pharmacological target for cancer prevention and treatment. This study was performed to assess the antiangiogenic activity of 31 medicinal plants grown and sold in Jordan. The antiangiogenic activity was assessed using the rat aortic ring assay. Out of 31 extracts, 15 extracts showed more than 50?% inhibition of the blood vessels outgrowth from the primary tissue explants (p?=?0.000) ...201122174075
environmental effect on essential oil composition of aloysia citriodora from corrientes (argentina).lemon verbena (aloysia citriodora palau) is indigenous to south america and was introduced into europe. it is cultivated mainly due to the lemon-like aroma emitted from its leaves, which are utilized for the preparation of herbal tea reputed to have antispasmodic, antipyretic, sedative and digestive properties. in this work we introduce the enantiomeric distribution of sabinene and limonene by bidimensional gas chromatography (chiral gc-gc) as a genuine quantitative parameter in order to improve ...201122224294
the antioxidant activity and thermal stability of lemon verbena (aloysia triphylla) infusion.because of its good sensorial attributes, lemon verbena is used as a primary ingredient in infusions and nonalcoholic drinks. the present study was designed to assess the antioxidant activity (aa) of lemon verbena infusion (lvi) as well as the thermal stability of its aa and the content of polyphenolic compounds. the values reflecting the aa of lvi, including aa index, fast scavenging rate against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, and hydroxyl radical scaveng ...201121434775
biological activity of essential oils from aloysia polystachya and aloysia citriodora (verbenaceae) against the soybean pest nezara viridula (hemiptera: pentatomidae).the objective of the current study was to determine the chemical constituents, ovicidal activity, fumigant, contact toxicity and repellent effects of essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from aloysia polystachya and a. citriodora against eggs and second instar nymphs of nezara viridula. the major components were carvone (83.5%) for a. polystachya, and citronellal (51.3%) and sabinene (22.9%) for a. citriodora. the ovicidal activity of both oils was tested by topical application at differ ...201020334148
bioactivity of argentinean essential oils against permethrin-resistant head lice, pediculus humanus capitis.infestation with the head louse, pediculus humanus capitis de geer (phthiraptera: pediculidae), is one of the most common parasitic infestation of humans worldwide. traditionally, the main treatment for control of head lice is chemical control that is based in a wide variety of neurotoxic synthetic insecticides. the repeated overuse of these products has resulted in the selection of resistant populations of head lice. thus, plant-derived insecticides, such as the essential oils seem to be good v ...201021062140
comparative toxicity of oxygenated monoterpenoids in experimental hydroalcoholic lotions to permethrin-resistant adult head lice.the use of botanical compounds such as essential oils has recently become the subject of great interest as a natural means of pest control because of their ovicidal, larvicidal, or adulticidal activity against various insect species including head lice. we tested and compared the efficacy of pure oxygenated monoterpenoids that are main ingredients of essential oils of good biological activity. we used pulegone and citral, components of aloysia citrodora, and geraniol, citronellol, and linalool, ...201021174108
characterization of phenolic and other polar compounds in a lemon verbena extract by capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry.in this study, a ce-ms method has been developed to carry out the qualitative characterization of a lemon verbena (lippia citriodora) extract for the first time. the ce and esi-ms parameters were optimized with respect to resolution, analysis time and peak shape in order to maximize the number of compounds detected and the sensitivity of their determination. the use of two different ms analyzers, tof-ms and it-ms, enabled the tentative identification of the major components of this extract. thus ...201020715141
preparation and physicochemical characterization of ag nanoparticles biosynthesized by lippia citriodora (lemon verbena).the purpose of this study was to develop a simple biological method for the synthesis of ag nanoparticles (agnps) using lippia citriodora leaves aqueous extract as reducing agent. transmission electron microscopy (tem), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (edx), x-ray diffraction (xrd), and visible absorption spectroscopy (uv-vis) confirmed the reduction of silver ions to agnps. stable, spherical crystalline agnps with well defined dimensions (average size of 15-30 nm) were obtained, on treating aque ...201020655710
effects of verbascoside, a phenylpropanoid glycoside from lemon verbena, on phospholipid model membranes.phenylpropanoid glycosides are water-soluble compounds widely distributed, most of them deriving from medicinal herbs. among them, verbascoside or acteoside has exhibited a wide biological activity, being free radical scavenging the most representative one. moreover, antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic and wound healing properties have been previously described. herein, the interaction of verbascoside with phospholipid membranes has been studied by means of differential ...201019925782
high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection coupled to electrospray time-of-flight and ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry to identify phenolic compounds from a lemon verbena extract.high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array and electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection was used to carry out the comprehensive characterization of a lemon verbena extract with demonstrated antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity. two different ms techniques have been coupled to hplc: on one hand, time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and on the other hand, tandem mass spectrometry on an ion-trap. the use of a small particle size c18 column (1.8 microm) provided a great re ...200919500792
dpph radical-scavenging effect on some constituents from the aerial parts of lippia triphylla.lippia triphylla (l'her) o. kuntze: (verbenaceae; common name, lemon verbena) is used in peru as a spice and herb tea for the prevention of arteriosclerosis. from the aerial parts of this plant, 25 known compounds--3 phenylpropanoid glucosides, 7 flavonoids, 5 phenylethanoid glycosides, 5 lignans, 2 sesquiterpenoids, and 3 triterpenoids--were isolated, and their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of physical and spectral data. among them, 19 aromatic compounds were examined for the ...200818404353
hplc-dad-esi-ms analysis of the constituents of aqueous preparations of verbena and lemon verbena and evaluation of the antioxidant activity.verbena and lemon verbena aqueous preparations were investigated for their content of constituents, especially polyphenols by hplc/dad/esi/ms analysis because they are used worldwide as herbal teas. the main class of compounds of these plants were phenylpropanoids (from 16 to 120 mg/g of dried extract), being verbascoside the most abundant in all the preparations up to 97% of the total phenylpropanoids. also iridoids, hastatoside and verbenalin together with flavonoids, mono- and di-glucuronidic ...200818155378
mosquito repellent activity of essential oils of aromatic plants growing in argentina.mosquitoes are important vectors of diseases and nuisance pests. repellents minimize contact with mosquitoes. repellents based on essential oils (eo) are being developed as an alternative to deet (n,n-diethyl-m-methylbenzamide), an effective compound that has disadvantages including toxic reactions, and damage to plastic and synthetic fabric. this work evaluated the repellency against aedes aegypti of eo from aromatic plants that grow in argentina: acantholippia seriphioides, achyrocline saturei ...200817583499
molecular phylogeny and evolution of the genus neoerysiphe (erysiphaceae, ascomycota).the genus neoerysiphe belongs to the tribe golovinomyceteae of the erysiphaceae together with the genera arthrocladiella and golovinomyces. this is a relatively small genus, comprising only six species, and having ca 300 species from six plant families as hosts. to investigate the molecular phylogeny and evolution of the genus, we determined the nucleotide sequences of the rdna its regions and the divergent domains d1 and d2 of the 28s rdna. the 30 its sequences from neoerysiphe are divided into ...200818495450
the spasmolytic effect of aloysia citriodora, palau (south american cedrón) is partially due to its vitexin but not isovitexin on rat duodenums.the spasmolytic effects of an acqueous extract of cedrón (aec) were studied on rat isolated duodenums. this plant (aloysia citriodora palau, verbenaceae) is widely used for gastrointestinal disorders and as eupeptic in south america. aec non-competitively inhibited the dose-response curve (drc) of ach (ic50 of 1.34 +/- 0.49 mg lyophilized/ml) and the drc of ca(2+) in high-[k(2-)](o) (ic50 of 2.64 +/- 0.23 mg/ml). aec potentiated the non-competitive inhibition of either 30 micromol/l w-7 (a calmo ...200717640836
the efficacy of ethanolic extract of lemon verbena on the skin infection due to staphylococcus aureus in an animal model.daily increasing of staphylococcus aureus resistance to various antibiotics in particular penicillin and methecilin has led the scientist to look fore new medicines in this area. in an in vitro laboratory studies, it has been demonstrated that ethanolic extract of lemon verbena can prevent the growth of staphylococcus aureus. in this study the efficacy of ethanolic extract of lemon verbena against staphylococcus aureus skin infection were assessed in an in vivo, in animal model. 200lambda of sta ...200719090293
identification of the genotype from the content and composition of the essential oil of lemon verbena (aloysia citriodora palau).aloysia citriodora accessions from cultivated material, botanical collections, and wild populations were studied by means of their biomass and essential oil production and composition to assist the selection of the most promising genotype. the study was carried out through both field experiments during two year's time and laboratory processes. data were evaluated by means of univariate and multivariate techniques. aloysia citriodora intraspecific variation was accounted for by differences in bot ...200717880159
headspace solid-phase microextraction for characterization of fragrances of lemon verbena (aloysia triphylla) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.natural fragrances from lemon verbena (aloysia triphylla) were studied by headspace solid phase microextraction (hs-spme) techniques followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms), with six different fibre coatings being tested to evaluate the extraction efficiencies of several selected compounds. a total of 14 compounds were identified in the fragrances of lemon verbena. geranial and neral were detected as major components and alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, beta-caryophyllene, and curcume ...200415335064
antimicrobial activity of essential oils against helicobacter pylori.helicobacter pylori is an important pathogen responsible for gastroduodenal diseases in humans. although the eradication of h. pylori using antibiotics often improves gastroduodenal diseases, resistance to the antibiotics is emerging.200312752733
a survey on chemical constituents and indications of aromatic waters soft drinks (hydrosols) used in persian nutrition culture and folk medicine for neurological disorders and mental health.in persian nutrition culture, drinking aromatic waters (hydrosols, distillate) has a long history as functional beverages or therapeutic remedies. the co-distilled water with essential oils, which contains partial amounts of more water-soluble volatile compounds are diluted and used as beverages. since the solubility of volatile components is different in water, the overall composition, and thus the biological activities of aromatic waters seem to be different from the essential oils they were c ...028633539
packaging methods and storage duration affect essential oil content and composition of lemon verbena (lippia citriodora kunth.).changes in essential oils (eos) content and composition of lemon verbena leave at different packaging methods (packaged with air, nitrogen, or under vacuum) and during storage period (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 months) were determined. all the samples were hydrodistilled every 2 months during storage for eo content evaluation. eo composition was determined by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the results showed that by extending the storage period in all packaging methods, eo co ...028572945
whitefly attraction to rosemary (rosmarinus officinialis l.) is associated with volatile composition and quantity.whitefly (bemisia tabaci) is an important insect pest, causing severe damage to agricultural crops. the pest was recorded in a commercial rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis, lamiaceae) field, colonizing rosemary variety (var.) '2', but not '11'. a series of field and controlled laboratory choice bioassays confirmed the observed phenomenon. mature potted plants of the two varieties were randomly organized in a lemon verbena (lippia citrodora) and lemon grass (cymbopogon spp.) fields. seven days lat ...028498837
the potential application of plant essential oils to control pediculus humanus capitis (anoplura: pediculidae).the human head louse, pediculus humanus capitis (anoplura: pediculidae), is an ectoparasite confined to the scalp and human hairs. the repeated use of insecticides for the control of head lice during past decades has resulted in the development of marked levels of resistance. natural compounds such as essential oils (eos) have been suggested as alternative sources for insect control agents. in order to introduce a new pediculicide based on eos, the effectiveness of the product and their effects ...026462802
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