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brain abscess potentially resulting from odontogenic focus: report of three cases and a literature review.odontogenic foci can rarely cause intracranial infection. hematogenous spread is considered to be the most important pathophysiological mechanism of intracranial infection of odontogenic origin. to investigate the oral origin of intracranial infections, oral surgeons should understand the underlying mechanisms by which oral bacteria spread to the central nervous system. however, there have been very few reports of intracranial infection resulting from odontogenic infection.201728286386
subperiosteal inflammatory pseudotumor mimicking primary malignant bone tumor: a case report.we report a case of igg4-positive inflammatory pseudotumor mimicking malignant bone tumor. biopsy revealed no tumor cells. surgical excision was performed and an abscess developing beneath the periosteum was observed with streptococcus constellatus. preoperative serum igg4 value of 120 mg/dl normalized postoperatively to 80.6 mg/dl. it was difficult to distinguish inflammatory pseudotumor from sarcoma because it developed under the periosteum. in such cases, it is important to measure blood igg4 ...201725381728
how to become a killer, or is it all accidental? virulence strategies in oral streptococci.streptococci are a diverse group of gram-positive microorganisms sharing common virulence traits and similar strategies to escape the oral niche and establish an infection in other parts of the host organism. invasive infection with oral streptococci is "a perfect storm" that requires the concerted action of multiple biotic and abiotic factors. our understanding of streptococcal pathogenicity and infectivity should probably be less mechanistic and driven not only by the identification of novel v ...201728727895
gas-containing cervical epidural abscess accompanying bacterial meningitis in an adult.gas-containing spinal epidural abscesses are uncommon. moreover, acute spinal epidural abscesses rarely complicate bacterial meningitis in adults. here, we report a rare case of a gas-containing cervical epidural abscess accompanying bacterial meningitis. in spite of aggressive fluid and continuous antibiotic therapy after the isolation of streptococcus anginosus and streptococcus constellatus in the cerebrospinal fluid cultures, the patient showed remaining motor dysfunction and bladder involve ...201728407706
streptococcus constellatus causing multiple liver abscesses: an elusive pathogen. 201728737114
infections associated with streptococcus constellatus in children.streptococcus constellatus is a viridans streptococcus belonging to the anginosus group. it was associated with abscesses in 37 children, 80% of whom had acute appendicitis with perforation and abscess formation in 50%. none of the children was younger than 3 years of age.201728640003
odontogenic orbital cellulitis associated with cavernous sinus thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: a case report.this case illustrates the importance of prompt assessment and treatment of orbital cellulitis. in fact the ocular signs and symptoms may be associated with systemic complications which should be investigated and identified as soon as possible to avoid a poor prognosis.201728629401
a case of prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by streptococcus constellatus as a rare agent of endocarditis.we present a case of prosthetic valve endocarditis, which was caused by a rare etiological agent, streptococcus constellatus. in our case, transesophageal echocardiography showed a large and broad abscess formation throughout the patient's aortic prosthetic valve ring and left atrium. despite specific intravenous antibiotic therapy, the infection was uncontrollable, and the patient underwent surgical treatment. the pathogen rarely causes endocarditis, but it is known to have a strong potential t ...201623831301
pyopneumothorax secondary to streptococcus milleri infection.we report a case of a 46-year-old malay woman with underlying hypothyroidism post thyroidectomy who presented with worsening breathlessness, orthopnoea, productive cough and left-sided pleuritic chest pain of 3 days duration. chest x-ray on admission showed left-sided massive hydropneumothorax. pleural tapping revealed empyema. a chest tube was inserted immediately. the culture of pleural fluid grew streptococcus constellatus the patient was treated with antibiotics for a total of 6 weeks and un ...201627881590
thalamic abscess caused by a rare pathogen: streptococcus constellatus.streptococcus constellatus is a microorganism that lives commensally in the oropharyngeal region, urogenital region, and intestinal tract. however, it can cause infection in patients with certain predisposing factors. rarely, this microorganism can cause a brain abscess. thalamic localization of brain abscesses is much rarer than abscesses in other locations of the brain. brain abscess caused by streptococcus constellatus are very rarely been reported in the literature. we present a rare case of ...201627800109
antibacterial activity of copaiba oil gel on dental biofilm.amazonian biodiversity products that have been used for years in folk medicine, have emerged as feasible and promising alternatives for the inhibition of microorganisms in dental biofilm. copaiba oil, a phytotherapic agent widely used by the amazonian populations, is known for its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anesthetic, healing and antitumor medicinal properties.201627386004
streptococcus constellatus tubo-ovarian abscess in a non-sexually active adolescent female.tubo-ovarian abscess (toa) in non-sexually active female adolescents is a rare presentation to the pediatric emergency department. in the following case, bilateral toa secondary to streptococcus constellatus was diagnosed in a 13-year-old virginal female. the patient was seen 4 months before presentation for interventional radiology-guided drainage and antibiotic treatment for an intra-abdominal abscess due to suspected appendiceal rupture. exploratory laparotomy on the most recent presentation ...201627261953
case-control study of pneumonia patients with streptococcus anginosus group bacteria in their sputum.in recent years, streptococcus anginosus group (sag) bacteria are becoming increasingly recognized as important pneumonia-causing pathogens. although several small studies have been reported, the features of sag pneumonia remain unclear, because the identification of sag from sputum cultures is not routinely performed in most microbiology laboratories. the aim of this study was to elucidate the clinical characteristics of sag pneumonia.201627681235
streptococcus anginosus (milleri) group strains isolated in poland (1996-2012) and their antibiotic resistance patterns.streptococcus anginosus, streptococcus intermedius and streptococcus constellatus form a group of related streptococcal species, namely the streptococcus anginosus group (sag). the group, previously called "milleri" had been rarely described until 1980/1990 as source of infections. nowadays sag bacteria are often described as pathogens causing predominantly purulent infections. the number of infections is highly underestimated, as sag strains are often classified in the microbiology laboratory a ...201627281992
the streptococcus milleri group in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.s. anginosus, constellatus and intermedius, also known as the streptococcus milleri group (smg) are three streptococcal species more frequently detected in cases of invasive disease, abscesses and empyema in particular. recent research suggests they play a role in exacerbations of cystic fibrosis (cf). owing to poor recovery on standard culture media and difficult differentiation from non-pathogenic streptococci, smg may be underdiagnosed in routine settings. we aimed to establish the incidence ...201627132809
profile of bacteria colonizing the exposed bone of patients with anti-osteoclastic drug-related osteonecrosis of the jaws.microbial etiology for anti-osteoclastic drug-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (aronj) was suggested. this study investigates any link between bacteria colonizing aronj sites and other oral cavity sites. microbiota samples of 10 aronj patients were collected from the exposed bone, adjacent teeth, contralateral teeth, and tongue. dna checkerboard hybridization was used for microbiota analysis with 43 genomic dna probes prepared from human oral bacterial (38) and candida (5) species, using socrans ...201627419922
effect of smokeless tobacco products on human oral bacteria growth and viability.to evaluate the toxicity of smokeless tobacco products (stps) on oral bacteria, seven smokeless tobacco aqueous extracts (staes) from major brands of stps and three tobacco-specific n-nitrosamines (tsnas) were used in a growth and viability test against 38 oral bacterial species or subspecies. all seven staes showed concentration-dependent effects on the growth and viability of tested oral bacteria under anaerobic culture conditions, although there were strain-to-strain variations. in the presen ...201627756619
oral microbiota species in acute apical endodontic abscesses.acute apical abscesses are serious endodontic diseases resulting from pulpal infection with opportunistic oral microorganisms. the objective of this study was to identify and compare the oral microbiota in patients (n=18) exhibiting acute apical abscesses, originating from the demographic region in portland, oregon. the study hypothesis is that abscesses obtained from this demographic region may contain unique microorganisms not identified in specimens from other regions.201626983837
rare purulent cardiac tamponade caused by streptococcus constellatus in a young immunocompetent patient: case report and review of the literature.background purulent pericardial tamponade is a very rare occurrence in the current era of widespread antibiotic use. it is even rarer when caused by streptococcus constellatus: a microorganism usually classified among the normal flora of the human body. it is occasionally diagnosed with certain predisposing factors. case report we present the third case of streptococcus constellatus cardiac tamponade reported in the current medical literature, occurring in a previously healthy young man who was ...201627847383
multiple liver abscesses and bacteremia caused by streptococcus constellatus infection: a case report.the streptococcus milleri group (smg) comprises commensal mucosal bacteria. pyogenic liver abscesses due to hematogenous smg infection are rare but can be observed even in healthy patients. in such cases, physicians should consider the existence of primary lesions that allow penetration of the smg.201628096994
osseointegrated implants placed at supracrestal level may harbour higher counts of a. gerencseriae and s. constellatus - a randomized, controlled pilot study.this study aimed at evaluating the bacterial colonization in dental implants inserted in the crestal or supracrestal position and correlated it to radiographic bone measurements.201526499108
tobramycin-treated pseudomonas aeruginosa pa14 enhances streptococcus constellatus 7155 biofilm formation in a cystic fibrosis model system.cystic fibrosis (cf) is a human genetic disorder which results in a lung environment that is highly conducive to chronic microbial infection. over the past decade, deep-sequencing studies have demonstrated that the cf lung can harbor a highly diverse polymicrobial community. we expanded our existing in vitro model of pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation on cf-derived airway cells to include this broader set of cf airway colonizers to investigate their contributions to cf lung disease, partic ...201526483523
relationship between periodontitis-associated subgingival microbiota and clinical inflammation by 16s pyrosequencing.to analyse the relationship between the chronic periodontitis-associated subgingival microbiota and clinical inflammation.201526461079
microbiomes of endodontic-periodontal lesions before and after chemomechanical preparation.this study was conducted to evaluate the microbiomes of endodontic-periodontal lesions before and after chemomechanical preparation (cmp).201526521147
development and pyrosequencing analysis of an in-vitro oral biofilm model.dental caries and periodontal disease are the commonest bacterial diseases of man and can result in tooth loss. the principal method of prevention is the mechanical removal of dental plaque augmented by active agents incorporated into toothpastes and mouthrinses. in-vitro assays that include complex oral bacterial biofilms are required to accurately predict the efficacy of novel active agents in vivo. the aim of this study was to develop an oral biofilm model using the calgary biofilm device (cb ...201525880819
comparing matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and phenotypic and molecular methods for identification of species within the streptococcus anginosus group.the heterogeneity of members of the streptococcus anginosus group (sag) has traditionally hampered their correct identification. recently, the group was subdivided into 6 taxa whose prevalence among human infections is poorly described. we evaluated the accuracy of the rapid id32 strep test, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms), and a pcr multiplex method to identify 212 sag isolates recovered from human infections to the species and subspec ...201526354817
streptococcus constellatus causing septic thrombophlebitis of the right ovarian vein with extension into the inferior vena cava.introduction. streptococcus constellatus collectively with streptococcus anginosus and streptococcus intermedius constitute the streptococcus anginosus (formerly streptococcus milleri) group. though they are commonly associated with abscesses, bacteremia with subsequent septic thrombophlebitis is extremely rare, and resulting mortality is infrequent. case presentation. we report a case of a previously healthy 60-year-old african american female who presented with streptococcus constellatus bacte ...201526171262
is sinusitis innocent?--unilateral subdural empyema in an immunocompetent child.subdural empyema related to streptococcus constellatus is extremely rare in an immunocompetent child, and also there is no reported case along with staphylococcus lugdunensis infection. although streptococcus constellatus has been determined as a co-pathogen with anerobic bacteria in many infections, it has not been reported in combination with staphylococcus lugdunensis. the authors describe a case of previously healthy 16-y-old child with unilateral subdural empyema due to these bacteria. sinu ...201525967257
pelvic peritonitis during biologic therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: a case report and review of the literature.infections are recognized as major complications during therapy with biologics and other immunosuppressant drugs. the respiratory tract, bone, joint, skin, and soft tissues are well known sites of infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) treated by biologics or other immunosuppressants. it is known that patients with intra-abdominal infections may develop tuberculous peritonitis during biologic therapy. however, non-tuberculous pelvic peritonitis is rare.201425332867
antibiotic resistance in human peri-implantitis microbiota.because antimicrobial therapy is often employed in the treatment of infectious dental implant complications, this study determined the occurrence of in vitro antibiotic resistance among putative peri-implantitis bacterial pathogens.201423551701
constant high adrenal fdg uptake in pet/ct associated with mitochondrial disease.we describe a patient with the m.3243a>g mitochondrial dna mutation who developed sepsis caused by streptococcus constellatus. in the acute phase of illness, abnormally high uptake of (18)f-fdg was observed in both adrenal glands that appeared anatomically normal. in repeated imaging six months later the adrenal uptake had diminished but remained clearly elevated. we did not observe high adrenal fdg uptake as in the patient described here among 30 patients with staphylococcus aureus sepsis that ...201424554338
a case of odontogenic infection by streptococcus constellatus leading to systemic infection in a cogan's syndrome patient.odontogenic infection in immunocompromised patients tends to extend systemically beyond the oral cavity. our case report presents a patient with sepsis due to a streptococcus constellatus (s. constellatus) odontogenic infection in a 64-year-old-immunocompromised woman with cogan's syndrome. she had been suffering from chronic mandibular osteomyelitis which was thought to have been caused by dental caries and/or chronic periodontitis with furcation involvement of the left mandibular first molar. ...201425506439
a severe case of lemierre syndrome with streptococcus constellatus infection.a 76-year-old japanese male presenting with high fever, headache, and disturbance of consciousness was hospitalized. contrast computed tomography revealed thrombophlebitis in the internal jugular vein and abscesses in the posterior neck region, pharynx, and pterygoid muscle. streptococcus constellatus infection was confirmed by culture of blood samples, and the patient was diagnosed with lemierre syndrome. in addition to the administration of antibiotics and anticoagulants, abscess drainage was ...201425410567
antibiotic susceptibility of periodontal streptococcus constellatus and streptococcus intermedius clinical isolates.streptococcus constellatus and streptococcus intermedius in subgingival dental plaque biofilms may contribute to forms of periodontitis that resist treatment with conventional mechanical root debridement/surgical procedures and may additionally participate in some extraoral infections. because systemic antibiotics are often used in these clinical situations, and little is known of the antibiotic susceptibility of subgingival isolates of these two bacterial species, this study determined the in v ...201425102269
streptococcus constellatus community acquired pneumonia with subsequent isolated pulmonic valve endocarditis and abscess formation in a structurally normal heart.pulmonic valve infective endocarditis in isolation is a rare clinical entity. the formation of an abscess in the right ventricular outflow tract as a consequence of vegetations affecting the pulmonic valve in a structurally normal heart is extremely rare and has not been reported. we report a case of isolated pulmonic valve endocarditis complicated by a regional abscess formed within the right ventricular outflow tract caused by streptococcus constellatus (s. constellatus), a member of the strep ...201425031801
[a case report of gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the small intestine presenting with liver abscesses caused by streptococcus constellatus].a 49-year-old woman visited a local hospital in october 2007 with complaint of fever and melena. abdominal ultrasonography and abdominal computed tomography revealed an irregular mass in the lower abdomen, together with multiple masses in the liver. she was admitted because of anemia, and the high fever was determined to be an inflammatory response. blood tests revealed elevated biliary enzyme levels. percutaneous biopsy of the liver mass was performed, which revealed liver abscesses caused by s ...201424998728
[fatal bone marrow necrosis and fat embolism following sepsis in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia after consolidation chemotherapy].we report a 58-year-old japanese man with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. on the seventh day of his second course of consolidation therapy, he developed herpes zoster, and on the 17th day, he developed a high fever, dyspnea, and lapsed into a coma. streptococcus constellatus was isolated from blood culture. despite intensive therapy, multiple organ failure progressed rapidly, and he died on the 19th day. pathological examination of autopsy specimens revealed bone marrow necrosis and fat embolism i ...201424598195
identification of the 'streptococcus anginosus group' by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time-of-flight mass spectrometry.matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) provides rapid, accurate and cost-effective identification of a range of bacteria and is rapidly changing the face of routine diagnostic microbiology. however, certain groups of bacteria, for example streptococci (in particular viridans or non-haemolytic streptococci), are less reliably identified by this method. we studied the performance of maldi-tof ms for identification of the 'streptococcus anginosus ...201424917618
molecular pathogenicity of streptococcus anginosus.streptococcus anginosus and the closely related species streptococcus constellatus and streptococcus intermedius, are primarily commensals of the mucosa. the true pathogenic potential of this group has been under-recognized for a long time because of difficulties in correct species identification as well as the commensal nature of these species. in recent years, streptococci of the s. anginosus group have been increasingly found as relevant microbial pathogens in abscesses and blood cultures and ...201424848553
an unusual case of streptococcus anginosus group pyomyositis diagnosed using direct 16s ribosomal dna sequencing.bacteria belonging to the streptococcus anginosus group (streptococcus intermedius, streptococcus constellatus and streptococcus anginosus) are capable of causing serious pyogenic infections, with a tendency for abscess formation. the present article reports a case of s anginosus group pyomyositis in a 47-year-old man. the pathogen was recovered from one of two blood cultures obtained from the patient, but speciation was initially not performed because the organism was considered to be a contami ...201424634686
a streptolysin s homologue is essential for β-haemolytic streptococcus constellatus subsp. constellatus cytotoxicity.streptococcus constellatus is a member of the anginosus group streptococci (ags) and primarily inhabits the human oral cavity. s. constellatus is composed of three subspecies: s. constellatus subsp. constellatus (scc), s. constellatus subsp. pharyngis and the newly described subspecies s. constellatus subsp. viborgensis. although previous studies have established that scc contains β-haemolytic strains, the factor(s) responsible for β-haemolysis in β-haemolytic scc (β-scc) has yet to be clarified ...201424600025
invasive streptococcus anginosus group infection-does the species predict the outcome?to determine whether there is an association between the species of streptococcus anginosus group (sag) bacteria and the clinical outcome.201424215937
[bacteria isolated from surgical infections and its susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents--special references to bacteria isolated between april 2010 and march 2011].bacteria isolated from surgical infections during the period from april 2010 to march 2011 were investigated in a multicenter study in japan, and the following results were obtained. in this series, 631 strains including 25 strains of candida spp. were isolated from 170 (81.7%) of 208 patients with surgical infections. four hundred and twenty two strains were isolated from primary infections, and 184 strains were isolated from surgical site infection. from primary infections, anaerobic gram-nega ...201425549405
antibiotic resistance in human chronic periodontitis microbiota.patients with chronic periodontitis (cp) may yield multiple species of putative periodontal bacterial pathogens that vary in their antibiotic drug susceptibility. this study determines the occurrence of in vitro antibiotic resistance among selected subgingival periodontal pathogens in patients with cp.201423688097
the predominant bacteria isolated from radicular cysts.to detect predominant bacteria associated with radicular cysts and discuss in light of the literature.201324011184
identification, clinical aspects, susceptibility pattern, and molecular epidemiology of beta-haemolytic group g streptococcus anginosus group isolates from central taiwan.no literature is available on the prevalence and clinical aspects of beta-haemolytic group g streptococcus anginosus group in central taiwan. in this study, we used 16s rrna gene sequencing and 16s-23s rdna intergenic spacer sequencing (where necessary) as the gold standard for molecular identification. twenty-seven s. anginosus group isolates were identified from 273 beta-haemolytic ggs isolates collected from patients in central taiwan between february 2007 and august 2011. of the 27 isolates, ...201323632249
identification of β-haemolysin-encoding genes in streptococcus anginosus.streptococcus anginosus is an emerging pathogen, but little is known about its virulence factors. to detect the genes responsible for β-haemolysis we performed genomic mutagenesis of the β-haemolytic s. anginosus type strain atcc 12395 using the vector pghost9:iss1. integration site analysis of 15 non-haemolytic mutants identified a gene cluster with high homology to the genes of the streptolysin s (sls) encoding sag gene cluster of s. pyogenes. the gene cluster harbours 10 open reading frames d ...201323594064
taxonomy of the anginosus group of the genus streptococcus and description of streptococcus anginosus subsp. whileyi subsp. nov. and streptococcus constellatus subsp. viborgensis subsp. nov.the anginosus group of the genus streptococcus has been the subject of much taxonomic confusion, which has hampered the full appreciation of its clinical significance. the purpose of this study was to critically re-examine the taxonomy of the anginosus group, with special attention to β-haemolytic, lancefield group c strains, using multilocus sequence analysis (mlsa) combined with 16s rrna gene sequence and phenotypic analyses. phylogenetic analysis of concatenated sequences of seven housekeepin ...201323223817
presumed hydrogen sulfide-mediated neurotoxicity after streptococcus anginosus group meningitis.hydrogen sulfide is an environmental toxicant and gaseous neurotransmitter. it is produced enterically by sulfur-reducing bacteria and invasive pathogens including streptococcus anginosus group, salmonella and citrobacter. we describe putative focal hydrogen sulfide neurotoxicity after streptococcus constellatus meningitis, treated with adjunctive sodium nitrite and hyperbaric oxygen therapy.201323014355
pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm caused by streptococcus constellatus.we report a rare case of mycotic pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm (pap) secondary to a lung abscess due to streptococcus constellatus. pap was confirmed by the pathological findings of the pseudoaneurysm, the presence of bacteria, and the microbiological analysis. pap is uncommon, but it is important to recognize this condition because pap can lead to fatal hemoptysis.201324128874
generalized peritonitis secondary to spontaneous perforation of pyometra in a 63-year-old patient.spontaneous perforation of pyometra resulting in generalized diffuse peritonitis is extremely uncommon. herein, we report the case of a 63-year-old woman who presented to emergency department with a 2-day history of severe diffuse abdominal pain, high-grade fever, nausea, and vomiting. acute abdomen series was done, and upright plain chest radiograph showed free air under diaphragm. a noncontrast-enhanced computed tomography scan showed a significantly distended fluid-filled uterus measuring 10 ...201324073347
a case of spontaneous abscess of the corpus cavernosum.spontaneous abscess of the corpus cavernosum is an extremely rare presentation. this is the first documented case of corpus cavernosal abscess caused exclusively by organisms from the streptococcus milleri group, which have previously been described as being associated with abscess formation. this report outlines the case of a 56-year-old alcoholic male with no risk factors who presented with an 8-day history of penile pain, swelling and sepsis. a diagnosis of abscess of the right corpus caverno ...201323506057
bilateral foveal cysts secondary to streptococcus constellatus endocarditis.infective endocarditis can be acute or subacute, depending on the virulence of the causative organism. it can also cause loss of vision by a variety of mechanisms, ranging from embolic retinal artery occlusion to endogenous endophthalmitis. we illustrate the first report of foveal cyst formation secondary to infective endocarditis. a 53-year-old man presented to his general practitioner with a variety of constitutional symptoms, but initial laboratory and imaging investigations revealed only mil ...201323124195
streptococcus constellatus lymphadenitis in chronic granulomatous disease. 201323076601
[liver abscess due to streptococcus constellatus]. 201322796056
ecomment. mitral and aortic valve endocarditis caused by streptococcus constellatus. 201222589356
mitral and aortic valve endocarditis caused by a rare pathogen: streptococcus constellatus.streptococcus constellatus endocarditis is associated with systemic embolism and frequently with a poor prognosis. we describe the first case reported in the literature of infective endocarditis by penicillin-resistant s. constellatus causing both mitral and aortic valve regurgitation, treated successfully with double-valve replacement.201222374286
[investigation on the identification accuracy for group b streptococcus by automated identification system raisus].since we had experienced a case of misidentification for group b streptococcus (gbs) (streptococcus agalactiae) by automated identification system raisus, we have investigated the identification accuracy for gbs by automated identification system raisus system using our stock isolated of gbs. among 31 strains including standard strain atcc13813 of gbs, 30 strains were identified as gbs, while only 1 strain was misidentified as streptococcus constellatus. we have needed 3 hours to identify 29 tru ...201223547480
real-time monitoring of the adherence of streptococcus anginosus group bacteria to extracellular matrix decorin and biglycan proteoglycans in biofilm formation.members of the streptococcus anginosus group (sags) are significant pathogens. however, their pathogenic mechanisms are incompletely understood. this study investigates the adherence of sags to the matrix proteoglycans decorin and biglycan of soft gingival and alveolar bone. recombinant chondroitin 4-sulphate(c4s)-conjugated decorin and biglycan were synthesised using mammalian expression systems. c4s-conjugated decorin/biglycan and dermatan sulphate (ds) decorin/biglycan were isolated from ovin ...201222835945
milleri group streptococcus--a stepchild in the viridans family.the purpose of this investigation was to provide a comprehensive review of the pathogenic role and spectrum of disease of milleri group streptococci, with special attention to bloodstream invasion and to possible differential roles among the three species. all consecutive isolates of milleri group streptococci from any anatomic source, during a 37-month period, in a tertiary care teaching hospital in tel-aviv, israel, were thoroughly investigated. identification to the species level was performe ...201222391759
subgingival microbiota in adult down syndrome periodontitis.the subgingival microbiota in down syndrome and non-down syndrome adults receiving periodic dental care was examined for 40 bacterial species using checkerboard dna-dna hybridization and the results were related to clinical periodontal attachment loss.201222221039
impact of periodontal therapy on the subgingival microbiota of severe periodontitis: comparison between good responders and individuals with refractory periodontitis using the human oral microbe identification microarray.this study compares the changes to the subgingival microbiota of individuals with "refractory" periodontitis (rp) or treatable periodontitis (good responders [gr]) before and after periodontal therapy by using the human oral microbe identification microarray (homim) analysis.201222324467
[polymicrobial brain abscess in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (osler's disease)].a 38-year-old woman who suffered from migraine was admitted because of severe, worsening headache for 24 hours (dissimilar to the previous migraine attacks), with impaired vision and weakness of the right arm. mild hemiparesis and expressive aphasia indicated an intracranial tumor.201222875690
anaerobic oral flora in the north american black bear (ursus americanus) in eastern north carolina.microbial flora can provide insight into the ecology and natural history of wildlife in addition to improving understanding of health risks. this study examines the anaerobic oral flora of hunter killed black bears (ursus americanus) in eastern north carolina. oral swabs from the buccal and lingual supragingival tooth surfaces of the first and second mandibular and maxillary molars of 22 black bears were inoculated onto brucella blood agar plates supplemented with hemin and vitamin k after trans ...201222503889
molecular detection of in-vivo microbial contamination of metallic orthodontic brackets by checkerboard dna-dna hybridization.knowing the microbiota that colonizes orthodontic appliances is important for planning strategies and implementing specific preventive measures during treatment. the purpose of this clinical trial was to evaluate in vivo the contamination of metallic orthodontic brackets with 40 dna probes for different bacterial species by using the checkerboard dna-dna hybridization (cddh) technique.201222196182
a neurosurgical presentation of patent foramen ovale with atrial septal aneurysm.we describe a case of cerebral abscess in a 53-year-old lady with a background of congenital heart defect. she has an atrial septal defect with atrial septal aneurysm, which remained undiagnosed until this clinical presentation. she presented with a short history of right-sided hemiplaegia and neuroimaging revealed a heterogeneous lesion in the left frontoparietal region. neuronavigation-guided left frontoparietal craniotomy was performed to debulk the lesion and preoperatively frank pus was dra ...201122689610
[Bacteria isolated from surgical infections and its susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents--special references to bacteria isolated between April 2009 and March 2010].Bacteria isolated from surgical infections during the period from April 2009 to March 2010 were investigated in a multicenter study in Japan, and the following results were obtained. In this series, 671 strains including 16 strains of Candida spp. were isolated from 174 (79.1%) of 220 patients with surgical infections. Four hundred and eleven strains were isolated from primary infections, and 244 strains were isolated from surgical site infection. From primary infections, anaerobic Gram-negative ...201121861307
streptococcus constellatus-associated pyoderma in a dog.this report describes a case of chronic and deep pyodermitis in a four-year-old male dog with three-months skin problems history that had been treated unsuccessfully with fluoroquinolone therapy, prescribed by a private medical veterinary practice, without an early diagnosis.microbiological examination and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed in our laboratory (faculty of veterinay medicine) and a diagnosis of streptococcus constellatus-associated pyoderma in the dog was made. a n ...201122074849
relapse of polymicrobial endocarditis in an intravenous drug user.a 26-year-old male intravenous drug user (idu) presented twice within 6 months with relapsed polymicrobial infective endocarditis (ie) due to eikenella corrodens and streptococcus constellatus after completing two courses of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. this report points to relapsing endocarditis as a clinical entity that warrants attention in idus when e. corrodens or s. constellatus are causative agents of ie.201121966051
extracellular deoxyribonuclease production by periodontal bacteria.palmer lj, chapple ilc, wright hj, roberts a, cooper pr. extracellular deoxyribonuclease production by periodontal bacteria. j periodont res 2011; doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01451.x © 2011 john wiley & sons a/s background and objective:  whilst certain bacteria have long been known to secrete extracellular deoxyribonuclease (dnase), the purpose in microbial physiology was unclear. recently, however, this enzyme has been demonstrated to confer enhanced virulence, enabling bacteria to evade the ...201122150619
[Multiple complications of acute unilateral rhinosinusitis--a case report].Intracranial or orbital complications after chronic and acute rhinosinusitis are rare, but could be dangerous. The complications of acute rhinosinusitis more often are observed in young patients. The combination of both intracranial and orbital complications together is found after acute inflammation.201121916225
[Pleural empyema caused by Streptococcus constellatus]. 201122093136
extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation in a patient with fusobacterium sepsis: a case report and review of literature.an adolescent female was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit in septic shock. she developed multisystem organ dysfunction including pancreatitis with myocardial dysfunction and hemodynamic instability unresponsive to medical management necessitating veno-arterial extracorporeal support. streptococcus constellata and fusobacterium necrophorum were isolated from blood cultures. this is the first report of extra-corporeal cardiac support in fusobacterium sepsis.201121881329
[descending necrotizing mediastinitis extended to empyema].a 61-year-old man came to our hospital complained of neck swelling after extracting a tooth. cervical drainage was performed in the diagnosis of cervical abscess. two days later, left pleural effusion appeared and its bacteriologic culture showed streptococcus constellatus. computed tomography (ct) scan showed massive retained pus in the mediastinum. thoracic drainage alone wasn't effective and the left thoracotomy was immediately performed to open the mediastinal pleura and curette the thoracic ...201121387621
endogenous endophthalmitis with brain abscesses caused by streptococcus constellatus. 201121482882
[a method for differential identification of group c and g streptococci with pcr].the paper describes a rapid method for pcr identification of groups c and g streptococci (streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis, streptococcus constellatus, and streptococcus anginosus) that cause human disease. species-specific regions of the cpn60 gene encoding heat shock protein groel (hsp60) were chosen as markers for pcr diagnosis; three pairs of primers were constructed for these regions, each of which was peculiar to the specific type. the method was tested on a large collecti ...201121506385
spiramycin resistance in human periodontitis microbiota.purpose: the occurrence of in vitro resistance to therapeutic concentrations of spiramycin, amoxicillin, and metronidazole was determined for putative periodontal pathogens isolated in the united states. materials and methods: subgingival plaque specimens from 37 consecutive adults with untreated severe periodontitis were anaerobically cultured, and isolated putative periodontal pathogens were identified to a species level. in vitro resistance to spiramycin at 4 μg/ml, amoxicillin at 8 μg/ml, an ...201121524712
fatal subdural empyema caused by streptococcus constellatus and actinomyces viscosus in a child-case report.group milleri streptococci that colonize the mouth and the upper airways are generally considered to be commensal. in combination with anaerobics, they are rarely responsible for brain abscesses in patients with certain predisposing factors. mortality in such cases is high and complications are frequent. we present a case of fatal subdural empyema caused by streptococcus constellatus and actinomyces viscosus in a previously healthy 7-year-old girl.201121524967
direct 16s rrna gene sequencing of polymicrobial culture-negative samples with analysis of mixed chromatograms.two cases involving polymicrobial culture-negative samples were investigated by 16s rrna gene sequencing, with analysis of mixed chromatograms. fusobacterium necrophorum, prevotella intermedia and streptococcus constellatus were identified from pleural fluid in a patient with lemierre's syndrome and neisseria meningitidis and escherichia coli were identified from a petechia in a patient with meningococcal disease.201020035024
mckay agar enables routine quantification of the 'streptococcus milleri' group in cystic fibrosis patients.the 'streptococcus milleri' group (smg) has recently been recognized as a contributor to bronchopulmonary disease in cystic fibrosis (cf). routine detection and quantification is limited by current cf microbiology protocols. mckay agar was developed previously for the semi-selective isolation of this group. here, mckay agar was validated against a panel of clinical smg isolates, which revealed improved smg recovery compared with columbia blood agar. the effectiveness of this medium was evaluated ...201020093379
development of real-time pcr assays for detection of the streptococcus milleri group from cystic fibrosis clinical specimens by targeting the cpn60 and 16s rrna genes.cystic fibrosis (cf) is a multiorgan disease, with the majority of mortalities resulting from pulmonary failure due to repeated pulmonary exacerbations. recently, members of the streptococcus anginosus group (s. anginosus, s. constellatus, and s. intermedius), herein referred to as the "streptococcus milleri group" (smg) have been implicated as important etiological pathogens contributing to pulmonary exacerbations in cf patients. this is partly due to better microbiological detection of the smg ...201020164275
contribution of streptococcus anginosus to infections caused by groups c and g streptococci, southern india.vellore, a region in southern india, has a high incidence of severe human infections with beta-hemolytic group c and g streptococci (gcgs). to determine the causative species in these infections, we conducted 16s rrna gene sequencing: streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (81%) and s. anginosus (19%) were the causative organisms in the 2-year study period (2006-2007). we used pcr to detect the virulence-related emm gene; results showed that it was restricted to s. dysgalactieae subsp. eq ...201020350380
lemierre syndrome with blepharoptosis.a 51-year-old woman was hospitalized with a high fever, occipital pain, blepharoptosis, and trismus. enhanced ct showed thrombophlebitis of her left cavernous sinus, maxillary vein, and multiple pulmonary nodular lesions. (18)f-fdg pet/ct showed significant uptakes in the same lesions. streptococcus constellatus was detected in her blood. therefore, she was diagnosed as a lemierre syndrome variant. after administration of antibiotics, all symptoms, inflammatory reactions, and thrombi disappeared ...201020424365
[bacteria isolated from surgical infections and their susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents --special references to bacteria isolated between april 2008 and march 2009].bacteria isolated from infections in abdominal surgery during the period from april 2008 to march 2009 were investigated in a multicenter study in japan, and the following results were obtained. in this series, 712 strains including 18 strains of candida spp. were isolated from 173 (80.5%) of 215 patients with surgical infections. three hundred and sixty-six strains were isolated from primary infections, and 346 strains were isolated from postoperative infections. from primary infections, anaero ...201020919496
an uncommon late complication of appendicitis.a 10-year-old boy presented with a 2.5-week history of right leg pain and limp. a right flank mass was noted by a parent on the day of presentation. the child's past medical history was remarkable for perforated appendicitis treated with an interval laparoscopic appendectomy 2 years before this presentation. abdominal and pelvic computed tomography revealed a retroperitoneal mass with calcifications, suggestive of a retained appendicolith with abscess formation. this case illustrates the importa ...201020930600
primary omental abscess caused by streptococcus constellatus: a case report.the presentation of primary abscess of the greater omentum is similar to other acute abdominal disorders. it is a rarely reported phenomenon, and correct diagnosis is typically made during abdominal exploration.201019821706
streptococcus constellatus bacteremia causing septic shock following tooth extraction: a case report.organisms of the streptococcus milleri group consists of streptococcus intermedius, streptococcus constellatus, and streptococcus anginosus. though they are commonly associated with abscesses, bacteremia with subsequent septic shock and mortality is infrequent.200919829816
multiple pyogenic liver abscesses caused by streptococcus constellatus in the amazon region. case report.there are few studies reporting pyogenic liver abscess (pla) caused by streptococcus constellatus in the medical literature. s. constellatus is a comensal microorganism that belongs to the streptococcus milleri's bacteria group and is not considered to be pathogenic for humans. we report the case of a 23-year-old man with a 15-days history of abdominal pain in the right flank followed by daily fever, chills, nausea, vomits, sialism and jaundice. physical examination revealed moderate jaundice (2 ...200919841508
[bacteria isolated from surgical infections and their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents--special reference to bacteria isolated between april 2007 and march 2008].bacteria isolated from infections in abdominal surgery during the period from april 2007 to march 2008 were investigated in a multicenter study in japan, and the following results were obtained. in this series, 707 strains including 24 strains of candida spp. were isolated from 181 (79.0%) of 229 patients with surgical infections. three hundred and ninety-five strains were isolated from primary infections, and 288 strains were isolated from postoperative infections. from primary infections, anae ...200919860320
sudden onset proptosis secondary to cavernous sinus thrombosis from underlying mandibular dental infection.the present report concerns a patient who presented with a 4-day history of left-sided facial pain arising from a pre-existing dental infection and progressive shortness of breath. the patient had a previous diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and was being treated with methotrexate. the rapid development of a right eye proptosis necessitated urgent decompression with a lateral canthotomy and cantholysis. imaging revealed a left facial abscess, cavernous sinus thrombosis (cst), bilateral internal ...200921789100
evaluation of genotypic and phenotypic methods for differentiation of the members of the anginosus group streptococci.the terminology and classification of the anginosus group streptococci has been inconsistent. we tested the utility of 16s rrna gene and tuf gene sequencing and conventional biochemical tests for the reliable differentiation of the anginosus group streptococci. biochemical testing included rapid id 32 strep, api strep, fluo-card milleri, wee-tabs, and lancefield antigen typing. altogether, 61 anginosus group isolates from skin and soft tissue infections and four reference strains were included. ...200919495818
molecular and enzymatic characterization of betac-s lyase in streptococcus constellatus.streptococcus anginosus and streptococcus constellatus are frequently isolated from dental abscesses and other suppurative lesions. we previously reported that betac-s lyase from a strain of s. anginosus produced significantly more hydrogen sulfide than betac-s lyases from other streptococci. the purpose of this study was to establish the molecular and enzymatic features of the betac-s lyase in s. constellatus and to elucidate whether this unique capacity is common to many strains of s. constell ...200818402612
campylobacter species isolated from extra-oro-intestinal abscesses: a report of four cases and literature review.campylobacter species are frequently isolated from fecal specimens of patients with diarrheal illness. several campylobacter species are commonly isolated from the oral cavity. in contrast, campylobacter species are rarely isolated from extra-oro-intestinal abscesses. reported here are four cases of extra-oro-intestinal abscesses due to polymicrobial flora, including campylobacter species. the first case is a 35-year-old woman who was diagnosed with a brain abscess caused by c. gracilis, strepto ...200818488257
[streptococcus constellatus, epidural abscess and colovesical fistula]. 200818603391
aortoduodenal fistula and streptococcal myonecrosis.pyomyositis is a rare primary bacterial infection of the skeletal muscles. pyomyonecrosis is the most severe manifestation of this disease and is associated with a potentially devastating outcome. patients with peripheral vascular disease presenting with pyomyositis may be difficult to distinguish from those with critical ischemia or synthetic graft sepsis. this article reports on a patient with aortobifemoral bypass graft and severe vitamin b(12) deficiency who developed pyomyonecrosis and aort ...200818667464
a rare pathogen causing endocarditis: streptococcus constellatus. 200818676315
a polymicrobial perspective of pulmonary infections exposes an enigmatic pathogen in cystic fibrosis patients.lung disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. a modest number of bacterial pathogens have been correlated with pulmonary function decline; however, microbiological and molecular evidence suggests that cf airway infection is polymicrobial. to obtain a more complete assessment of the microbial community composition and dynamics, we undertook a longitudinal study by using culture-independent and microbiological approaches. in the process, we demonstr ...200818812504
identification and molecular analysis of betac-s lyase producing hydrogen sulfide in streptococcus intermedius.hydrogen sulfide (h(2)s) is a toxic gas that induces the modification and release of haemoglobin in erythrocytes; however, it also functions in methionine biosynthesis in bacteria. betac-s lyase, encoded by the lcd gene, is responsible for bacterial h(2)s production through the cleavage of l-cysteine. in this study, 26 of 29 crude extracts from reference and clinical strains of streptococcus intermedius produced h(2)s from l-cysteine. the capacities in those strains were not higher than those in ...200818927421
[treatment-refractory-dental-extraction-associated pyothorax involving infection by 2 species of oral originated bacteria requires surgical debridement by video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (vats)].cases of septic pulmonary embolism (spe) diagnosed clinically by ct after dental extraction rarely include verification of bacteria from the local infection site. we report the case of a 70-year-old man without background disease suffering severe pyothrax after dental extraction. we detected two species of oral bacteria from his pleural effusion. treatment was so difficult that it required surgical debridement by video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (vats), even after the appropriate administrat ...200818975591
tigecycline (gar-936) activity against streptococcus gallolyticus (bovis) and viridans group streptococci.viridans group streptococci including streptococcus gallolyticus (formerly s. bovis) represent serious invasive pathogens often associated with endocarditis or sepsis among immunocompromised or cancer patients. tigecycline (gar-936), the first clinically studied glycylcycline, has a potent gram-positive activity with a potential treatment option for these streptococcal infections. the studied collection (848 strains) included 100 isolates each of streptococcus anginosus, streptococcus constellat ...200716989974
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