Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| detection and characterization of chicken astrovirus associated with hatchery disease in commercial day-old turkeys in southwestern nigeria. | infectious diseases are a major obstacle to profitable poultry production in nigeria due to the mortality and severe economic losses they cause. in particular, they are a potent threat to attainment of the food security goals of government and national self-sufficiency in food production. thus, there is a need for continuous monitoring of the nation's poultry population for these diseases. as part of an ongoing investigation of enteric viruses associated with poor performance or hatchery disease ... | 2021 | 33759002 |
| new insights on avian orthoreovirus and chicken astrovirus co-infection in an italian broiler flock: preliminary biomolecular and pathological results. | common pathogens of intensive poultry farms, either parasitic or bacterial, such as coccidiaor salmonella, are well known and strictly controlled by veterinary management. this case study reports an unusual case of runting stunting syndrome (rss) observed on a sicilian poultry farm of broiler chickens during 2019. the investigation was carried out on five chickens which present delayed in body weight and growth performance. animals showed also difficulty in deambulation and diarrhea. at necropsy ... | 2021 | 34313103 |
| genomic characterization of avian and neoavian orthoreoviruses detected in pheasants. | avian reoviruses are well-known pathogens seriously affecting the productivity of poultry industry. game birds represent a small segment of the agricultural sector and much remained to be learnt about factors affecting productivity. here we show that reovirus infections might occur in pheasants and demonstrate that reoviruses of pheasants are of diverse origin. the complete or coding-complete genomic sequences of two hungarian reovirus strains, d1996/2/1 and reo/hun/pheasant/216/2015, have been ... | 2021 | 33631220 |
| dynamic changes in the expression of interferon-stimulated genes in joints of spf chickens infected with avian reovirus. | avian reovirus (arv) can induce many diseases as well as immunosuppression in chickens, severely endangering the poultry industry. interferons (ifns) play an antiviral role by inducing the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (isgs). the effect of arv infection on the expression of host isgs is unclear. specific-pathogen-free (spf) chickens were infected with arv strain s1133 in this study, and real time quantitative pcr was used to detect changes in the dynamic expression of ifns and commo ... | 2021 | 33614762 |
| emerging new avian reovirus variants from cases of enteric disorders and arthritis/tenosynovitis in brazilian poultry flocks. | 1. the objective of this study was to characterise circulating brazilian avian reovirus (arv) strains by genetic analysis of the σc protein encoded by segment 1 of the viral genome and compare these with those of viral strains used for immunising commercial poultry.2. the analysis detected the presence of arv genomes by quantitative reverse transcriptase pcr (rt-qpcr) in the enteric samples and the joint tissues (jt) of birds with signs of viral arthritis/tenosynovitis. nucleotide sequencing use ... | 2021 | 33448227 |
| gallus nme/nm23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2 interacts with viral σa and affects the replication of avian reovirus. | our present study aimed to identify host cell proteins that may interact with avian reovirus (arv) σa protein and their potential effect on arv replication. the arv structural protein σa has been demonstrated to suppress interferon production and confirmed to activate the pi3k/akt pathway. however, host cell factors interacting with σa to affect arv replication remain unknown. in current study, a cdna library of chicken embryo fibroblasts (cefs) was constructed, and host cell proteins interactin ... | 2020 | 33223234 |
| establishment of a real-time recombinase polymerase amplification assay for the detection of avian reovirus. | avian reovirus (arv) infection results in multiple disease manifestations in chicken. a rapid detection method will contribute to early diagnosis and control of the virus infection. the recombinase polymerase amplification (rpa) technology is a nucleic acid amplification method which is experiencing rapid development. in present study, a real-time reverse transcription (rt)-rpa assay was developed for the detection of arv. the limit of detection of the real-time rt-rpa was 102 copies/μl of arv g ... | 2020 | 33195523 |
| metagenomic characterisation of additional and novel avian viruses from australian wild ducks. | birds, notably wild ducks, are reservoirs of pathogenic and zoonotic viruses such as influenza viruses and coronaviruses. in the current study, we used metagenomics to detect and characterise avian dna and rna viruses from wild pacific black ducks, chestnut teals and grey teals collected at different time points from a single location. we characterised a likely new species of duck aviadenovirus and a novel duck gyrovirus. we also report what, to the best of our knowledge, is the first finding of ... | 2020 | 33335272 |
| novel cyclovirus identified in broiler chickens with transmissible viral proventriculitis in china. | in october 2018, an outbreak of transmissible viral proventriculitis (tvp) occurred in 30-day-old commercial broiler chickens on a farm in weifang, china. tvp, an infectious viral disease characterized by runting and stunting, is associated with many viruses, and has a significant economic impact on the global poultry industry. tvp is diagnosed according to clinical symptoms, gross and histological lesions, and negative pcr results for pathogenic bacteria, avian leukosis virus subgroup j, marek' ... | 2020 | 33134354 |
| synergistic pathogenicity in sequential coinfection with fowl adenovirus type 4 and avian orthoreovirus. | hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome (hhs) is a fatal disease caused by fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (fadv-4). avian viral arthritis is an infectious disease characterized by movement disorders caused by avian orthoreovirus (arv). in the early 2019, our epidemiologic survey on poultry diseases in eight commercial broiler farms in china showed that fadv-4 and arv have a high coinfection rate, accounting for 63 % of all arv-positive samples. we designed chicken embryo and animal models to investigate ... | 2020 | 33091795 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors of avian reovirus in backyard chickens in different areas of mymensingh district in bangladesh. | the present study estimated the seroprevalence of avian reovirus (arv) infections in backyard chickens of the mymensingh district in bangladesh. | 2020 | 33005682 |
| serological survey for select infectious agents in wild magellanic penguins (spheniscus magellanicus) in argentina, 1994-2008. | despite being the most numerous penguin species in south america, exposure of the magellanic penguin (spheniscus magellanicus) to pathogens has not yet been thoroughly assessed. we collected serum from 1,058 magellanic penguins at 10 breeding colonies along the entire latitudinal range of this species in argentina. the work spanned 10 breeding seasons over 15 yr (1994-2008). sera were tested for antibodies to select infectious agents. antibodies reacting against 16 pathogens were detected (serop ... | 2020 | 31237822 |
| changes in the percentages of b- and t-lymphocytes and antibody titres in laying hens infested with dermanyssus gallinae-a preliminary study. | (1) background: dermanyssus gallinae, a hematophagous ectoparasite, adversely affects the health status of laying hens, leading to reduced egg production and significant economic losses in commercial farms. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of d. gallinae on the development of post-vaccination immune responses in layer hens. (2) methods: a total of 80 blood samples were collected at four time-points (b1-b4) from 10 hy-line brown hens, randomly selected from a commercial layer far ... | 2020 | 32517104 |
| development and application of an mrt-qpcr assay for detecting coinfection of six vertically transmitted or immunosuppressive avian viruses. | marek's disease virus (mdv), reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), avian reovirus (arv), chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), and fowl adenovirus (fadv) are important causes of disease in poultry. to investigate the infection status of the above six viruses in chickens in china, 1,187 samples from chicken flocks were collected and tested using a newly developed multiplex reverse-transcription quantitative real-time pcr (mrt-qpcr) assay in the study. a seri ... | 2020 | 32765453 |
| molecular identification of mycoplasma synoviae from breeder chicken flock showing arthritis in egypt. | arthritis is one of the most economic problems facing poultry industry worldwide. the study was done to detect possible causes of arthritis in breeder chicken flock with emphasis on molecular identification of mycoplasma synoviae (ms). | 2019 | 31190708 |
| autophagy induced by avian reovirus enhances viral replication in chickens at the early stage of infection. | avian reovirus (arv) is an important pathogen that can cause serious disease in poultry. though several in vitro studies revealed some molecular mechanisms that are responsible for arv-induced autophagy, it is still largely unknown how arv manipulates autophagy to promote its own propagation. | 2019 | 31126305 |
| partial molecular characterization and pathogenicity study of an avian reovirus causing tenosynovitis in commercial broilers. | this study describes the molecular characterization of avian reoviruses (arvs) isolated during an outbreak in commercial chickens between 2015 and 2016. in addition, a pathogenicity study of a selected arv strain isolated from a field case of viral tenosynovitis in commercial broiler chickens was performed. on the basis of phylogenetic analysis of a 1088-bp fragment of the arv s1 gene, the investigated sequences were differentiated into five distinct genotypic clusters (gcs), namely gc1, gc2, gc ... | 2019 | 31967428 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies against σa protein and cross-reactive epitope identification and application for detection of duck and chicken reovirus infections. | although σa is an important major core protein of duck reovirus (drv), the b-cell epitopes of this protein remain unknown to reseacrhers. six monoclonal antibodies (mabs) (1a7, 3f4, 5d2, 4e2, 3c7, and 2b7) were developed by using prokaryotic-expressed recombinant his-σa protein. five of six mabs (1a7, 3f4, 4e2, 3c7, and 2b7) reacted with his-σa protein in a conformation-independent manner, while 5d2 reacted with σa in a conformation-dependent manner. immunofluorescence assays showed that the mab ... | 2019 | 31500272 |
| molecular detection of mycoplasma synoviae and avian reovirus infection in arthritis and tenosynovitis lesions of broiler and breeder chickens in santa catarina state, brazil. | infectious arthritis or tenosynovitis in broiler and breeder chickens results in major loss of productivity because of reduced growth and downgrading at processing plants. the most common causative agents of avian infectious arthritis are the bacterium mycoplasma synoviae and avian reoviruses (arvs) (family reoviridae, genus orthoreovirus). in this study, we evaluated the occurrence of these two pathogens in arthritis or tenosynovitis lesions of broilers and breeder flocks in southern brazil usi ... | 2019 | 31793309 |
| the roles of micrornas (mirnas) in avian response to viral infection and pathogenesis of avian immunosuppressive diseases. | micrornas (mirnas) are a class of non-coding small rnas that play important roles in the regulation of various biological processes including cell development and differentiation, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, immunoregulation and viral infections. avian immunosuppressive diseases refer to those avian diseases caused by pathogens that target and damage the immune organs or cells of the host, increasing susceptibility to other microbial infections and the risk of failure in subsequent vaccination aga ... | 2019 | 31683847 |
| altered gene expression profiles of the mda5 signaling pathway in peripheral blood lymphocytes of chickens infected with avian reovirus. | avian reovirus (arv) is a member of the genus orthoreovirus in the family reoviridae and causes a severe syndrome including viral arthritis that leads to considerable losses in the poultry industry. innate immunity plays a significant role in host defense against arv. here, we explored the interaction between arv and the host innate immune system by measuring mrna expression levels of several genes associated with the mda5 signaling pathway. the results showed that expression peaks for mda5, mav ... | 2019 | 31273469 |
| genetic and pathogenic characteristics of newly emerging avian reovirus from infected chickens with clinical arthritis in china. | in recent years, emerging avian reovirus (arv) strains causing viral arthritis have become a challenge to the worldwide chicken industry, and were responsible for significant economic losses. in this study, we characterized emerging variant arv strains and examined their genetic relationship and pathogenicity variation with reference strains. a total of 18 emerging variant arv strains were isolated from tendon and capsular synovial fluid of broiler chickens with clinical cases of arthritis/tenos ... | 2019 | 31222278 |
| serological detection of avian reovirus in different poultry flocks of gazipur and mymensingh districts of bangladesh. | avian reovirus (arv) is a constraint to poultry industry in bangladesh as a cause of several diseases in chickens, especially in broiler. however, the actual status of the viral infection is not known because the large-scale study is not conducted in this country. therefore, this study aimed to check the presence and distribution of arv-specific antibody in respect to area, types of chickens (broiler breeder, broiler, and layer), vaccination status, and age of chickens in gazipur and mymensingh ... | 2019 | 31528043 |
| recombinant newcastle disease virus (ndv) expressing sigma c protein of avian reovirus (arv) protects against both arv and ndv in chickens. | newcastle disease (nd) and avian reovirus (arv) infections are a serious threat to the poultry industry, which causes heavy economic losses. the mesogenic ndv strain r2b is commonly used as a booster vaccine in many asian countries to control the disease. in this seminal work, a recombinant ndv strain r2b expressing the sigma c (σc) gene of arv (rndv-r2b-σc) was generated by reverse genetics, characterized in vitro and tested as a bivalent vaccine candidate in chickens. the recombinant rndv-r2b- ... | 2019 | 31510020 |
| molecular identification of reovirus in broiler type flocks in golestan province, iran. | avian reovirus (arv) has a global distribution in nature and most clinical signs are found in broiler type chickens. | 2019 | 31531032 |
| a two-year prospective study of small poultry flocks in ontario, canada, part 1: prevalence of viral and bacterial pathogens. | in ontario, within the past few years, there has been a marked increase in the number of non-commercial poultry flocks (referred to as "small flocks"). small poultry flocks may act as a reservoir of avian and zoonotic pathogens, given the flocks' limited access to veterinary services, inadequate biosecurity practices, and increased risk of contact with wild birds. despite these potential risks, there is a scarcity of data concerning the prevalence of poultry and zoonotic pathogens among these fl ... | 2019 | 30973091 |
| rapid and sensitive real-time recombinase polymerase amplification for detection of marek's disease virus. | marek's disease (md) is one of the most devastating diseases of poultry. it's caused by the highly infectious alphaherpesvirus md virus serotype 1 (mdv-1). in this study, a rapid and easy-to-use assay based on recombinase polymerase amplification (rpa) was developed for mdv detection. primer-probe sets targeting the highly conserved region of meq gene were designed and applied to the rpa assay. the assay was carried out on a real-time thermostatic fluorescence detector at 39 °c for 20 min. as re ... | 2019 | 31580913 |
| investigation of enteric viruses associated with runting and stunting in day-old chicks and older broilers in southwest nigeria. | enteric viruses are known to have significant economic impact on poultry, especially broiler chicken flocks, because of production losses attributable to poor feed conversion and weight gain. to sustain the nigerian poultry industry that contributes significantly to the livestock sector of the economy, there is a need to investigate commercial broiler flocks in the country for the presence of enteric viruses causing runting and stunting, growth retardation, and hatchery diseases. gut contents we ... | 2019 | 31380402 |
| a novel orthoreovirus associated with epizootic necrotizing enteritis and splenic necrosis in american crows (corvus brachyrhynchos). | epizootic mortalities in american crows (corvus brachyrhynchos) during the winter months, referred to as winter mortality of crows, have been recorded in north america for almost two decades. the most common postmortem findings include necrotizing enteritis, colitis, and fibrinous splenic necrosis. these findings are proposed to be due to infection with a reovirus sp. our objectives were to characterize the pathology and seasonality of the epizootics in new york state (nys), confirm the causativ ... | 2019 | 31107635 |
| a multiplex xtag assay for the simultaneous detection of five chicken immunosuppressive viruses. | chicken anemia virus (cav), avian reovirus (arv), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), marek's disease virus (mdv) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) all cause immunosuppressive disease in birds through vertical or horizontal transmission. mixed infections with these immunosuppressive pathogens lead to atypical clinical signs and obstruct accurate diagnoses and epidemiological investigations. therefore, it is essential to develop a high-throughput assay for the simultaneous detection of th ... | 2018 | 30442149 |
| occurrence of reovirus (arv) infections in poultry flocks in poland in 2010-2017. | avian reovirus (arv) infections in poultry populations are reported worldwide. the reovirus belongs to the genus orthoreovirus, family reoviridae. the aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence of arv infections in the poultry population based on diagnostic tests performed in 2010-2017. | 2018 | 30729197 |
| molecular characterization of emerging avian reovirus variants isolated from viral arthritis cases in western canada 2012-2017 based on partial sigma (σ)c gene. | viral arthritis (va), a disease caused by avian reovirus (arv), has emerged as a significant cause of economic losses in broiler chicken flocks in western canada. these outbreaks were characterized by 4-13% morbidity, followed by a spike in mortality/culling that in extreme cases required total flock depopulation. from 2012-2017, 38 arv isolates were recovered. molecular characterization of a partial segment of the sigma (σ)c gene shows all six previously known arv clusters in western canadian b ... | 2018 | 30029013 |
| isolation and genomic characterization of a novel chicken-orign orthoreovirus causing goslings hepatitis. | a severe infectious disease characterized by nephritis, hepatitis and splenitis has attacked goslings around shandong province in china since 2016. a novel chicken-origin avian orthoreovirus (arv) was isolated with lmh cells from affected goslings named reo/goose/sdpy/1116/17 (sdpy-arv) strain, and the infection was successfully reproduced experimentally. the arv-sdpy full genome sequencing was conducted using next-generation sequencing (ngs) technique on illumina hiseq platform. the complete ge ... | 2018 | 30473354 |
| sensitive sybr green-real time pcr for the detection and quantitation of avian rotavirus a. | avian rotavirus a (artv-a) is a virus that affects young birds, causing acute diarrhea and economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. the techniques used for the diagnosis of artv-a include electron microscopy, isolation in cell culture, and serology, as well as molecular techniques, such as the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the objective of this work was to standardize a real-time rt-polymerase chain reaction (rt-qpcr) using sybr green chemistry for the rapid ... | 2018 | 30597964 |
| in vitro study on role of σb protein in avian reovirus pathogenesis. | avian reoviruses, members of orthoreovirus genus was known to cause diseases like tenosynovitis, runting-stunting syndrome in chickens. among eight structural proteins, the proteins of s-class are mainly associated with viral arthritis but the significance of σb protein in arthritis is not established till date. in this infection pathological condition together with infection of joints often leads to arthritis because joints consists of cartilage which forms lubricating surface between two bones ... | 2018 | 29731966 |
| development of a recombinant σb protein based dot-elisa for the diagnosis of avian reovirus (arv). | avian reovirus (arv) causes significant economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. the arv proteins fall into three different classes based on their sizes:λ (large); μ (medium) and σ (small). σb, an outer capsid protein of the arv contains group specific neutralizing epitopes and induces strong immune response in naturally infected chickens. this study describes the development of a rapid dot-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (dot-elisa) using recombinant σb protein antigen of 54 kda (ap ... | 2018 | 29660384 |
| enteric virus diversity examined by molecular methods in brazilian poultry flocks. | enteric viruses play an important role in the brazilian poultry industry due to the economic impact of resulting low yields of broilers, layers, and breeders. the most common enteric viruses affecting commercial flocks in brazil include fowl adenovirus of group i (fadv-i), chicken parvovirus (chpv), chicken astrovirus (castv), avian nephritis virus (anv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), avian reovirus (areo), and avian rotavirus (artv). the aim of this study was to identify single and multipl ... | 2018 | 29596389 |
| isolation and genomic characterization of a novel avian orthoreovirus strain in korea, 2014. | in this study, we isolated a novel avian reovirus (arv) strain, k738/14, from a broiler chicken with viral arthritis in south korea. genome sequence comparisons showed relatively low nucleotide identity with previously identified arv strains. phylogenetic analyses suggested multiple reassortment events between reovirus strain s1133 and reoviruses of hungarian, chinese, and us origin had occurred. in addition, recombination analyses showed evidence of intra-segmental recombination in the m2 and s ... | 2018 | 29392490 |
| transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular mechanism of hepatic fat metabolism disorder caused by muscovy duck reovirus infection. | the aim of this work was to clarify the molecular mechanism underlying the fatty degeneration of livers infected with muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv), which produces obvious white necrotic foci in the liver. transcriptome data for mdrv-infected muscovy duck livers and control livers were sequenced, assembled, and annotated with illumina® hiseq 2000. the differentially expressed genes were screened and their functions were analysed. we also determined and confirmed the molecular mechanism of the hep ... | 2017 | 28911249 |
| transcriptome analysis of avian reovirus-mediated changes in gene expression of normal chicken fibroblast df-1 cells. | avian reovirus (arv) is an important poultry pathogen that can cause immunosuppression. in this study, rna-seq technology was applied to investigate the transcriptome-wide changes of df-1 cells upon arv infection at the middle stage. | 2017 | 29178824 |
| flock-level prevalence, geographical distribution, and seasonal variation of avian reovirus among broiler flocks in ontario. | avian reovirus (arv) is an economically significant pathogen of broiler chickens. our objective was to determine the prevalence, geographical distribution, and seasonal variation of arv infection among commercial broiler flocks in ontario, canada during grow-out. a cross-sectional study of 231 randomly selected flocks was conducted from july 2010 to january 2012. fifteen blood samples, 15 whole intestines, and 15 cloacal swabs per flock were collected at slaughter; elisa and pcr were used to det ... | 2017 | 28761188 |
| avian reovirus p17 and σa act cooperatively to downregulate akt by suppressing mtorc2 and cdk2/cyclin a2 and upregulating proteasome psmb6. | although we have shown that avian reovirus (arv) p17-mediated inhibition of akt leads to induction of autophagy, the precise mechanisms remain largely unknown. this study has identified a specific mechanism by which arv coordinately regulates the degradation of ribosomal proteins by p17-mediated activation of e3 ligase mdm2 that targets ribosomal proteins and by σa-mediated upregulation of proteasome psmb6. in addition to downregulating ribosomal proteins, p17 reduces mtorc2 assembly and disrupt ... | 2017 | 28701787 |
| phenotypic, genotypic and antigenic characterization of emerging avian reoviruses isolated from clinical cases of arthritis in broilers in saskatchewan, canada. | in recent years, emerging strains of pathogenic arthrogenic avian reovirus (arv) have become a challenge to the chicken industry across usa and canada causing significant economic impact. in this study, we characterized emerging variant arv strains and examined their genetic and antigenic relationship with reference strains. we isolated 37 emerging variant arv strains from tendons of broiler chickens with clinical cases of arthritis/tenosynovitis at commercial farms in saskatchewan, canada. vira ... | 2017 | 28620186 |
| potential immunomodulatory effects of non-dialyzable materials of cranberry extract in poultry production. | studies on effects of cranberry products in animals, especially in chickens, are very scarce or even lacking. this study investigated the immunomodulatory effect of high molecular weight non-dialyzable materials (ndms) of cranberry extract. the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were investigated. the ability of ndms (0, 1, 2, or 4 mg/ml) to enhance phagocytic activities was also evaluated using chicken heterophils (ches) against staphylococcus aureus furthermore, a broiler mo ... | 2017 | 27587728 |
| microspheres-prime/rmva-boost vaccination enhances humoral and cellular immune response in ifnar(-/-) mice conferring protection against serotypes 1 and 4 of bluetongue virus. | bluetongue virus (btv) is the causative agent of bluetongue disease (bt), which affects domestic and wild ruminants. at the present, 27 different serotypes have been documented. vaccination has been demonstrated as one of the most effective methods to avoid viral dissemination. to overcome the drawbacks associated with the use of inactivated and attenuated vaccines we engineered a new recombinant btv vaccine candidate based on proteins vp2, vp7, and ns1 of btv-4 that were incorporated into avian ... | 2017 | 28322923 |
| muscovy duck reovirus σns protein triggers autophagy enhancing virus replication. | muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv) causes high morbidity and mortality in muscovy ducklings at 10 days old and can persist in an infected flock until the ducklings of 6 weeks old. it shares common physicochemical properties with avian reovirus (arv) and differs in coding assignment and pathogenicity. the arv p17 protein has been shown to trigger autophagy via activation multiple signaling pathways, which benefits virus replication. since mdrv lacks the p17 protein, whether and how mdrv induces autopha ... | 2017 | 28288679 |
| detection and molecular characterization of enteric viruses in enteritis-affected commercial broiler chickens in india. | a study was conducted to detect and characterize the enteric viruses (chicken astrovirus, avian nephritis virus and avian orthoreovirus) present in flocks of commercial broiler chickens suffering from enteritis in haryana, india. the intestinal contents were collected from 65 enteritis-affected flocks (cases) and tested by reverse transcription pcr (rt-pcr). of these 65 cases, 35 (53.80%) were positive for a single virus and 26 (40.00%) for two viruses. the remaining four samples were negative f ... | 2017 | 27928915 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of mycoplasma synoviae by an insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction-based assay on a field-deployable device. | mycoplasma synoviae (ms), causing respiratory diseases, arthritis, and eggshell apex abnormalities in avian species, is an important pathogen in the poultry industry. implementation of a biosecurity plan is important in ms infection management. working on a field-deployable pockit™ device, an insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction (iipcr) assay has a potential for timely ms detection on the farm. the ms iipcr assay had limit of detection 95% of about 9 genome equivalents by testing seria ... | 2017 | 27389062 |
| a double-stranded probe coupled with isothermal amplification for qualitative and quantitative detection of avian reovirus. | we applied a probe-based real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (cy5-rtqlamp) technique targeting the avian reovirus (arv) s3 gene to develop a rapid, sensitive, and specific method for virus detection and quantification. this test specifically detected the presence of arv, but not other viruses or bacteria present in clinical or artificially spiked samples, including newcastle disease virus, infectious bursal disease virus, fowl adenovirus, marek's disease virus, escherichia coli, and ... | 2017 | 28013385 |
| replication and oncolytic activity of an avian orthoreovirus in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. | oncolytic viruses are cancer therapeutics with promising outcomes in pre-clinical and clinical settings. animal viruses have the possibility to avoid pre-existing immunity in humans, while being safe and immunostimulatory. we isolated an avian orthoreovirus (arv-pb1), and tested it against a panel of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. we found that arv-pb1 replicated well and induced strong cytopathic effects. it was determined that one mechanism of cell death was through syncytia formation, result ... | 2017 | 28441762 |
| detection of avian reoviruses in wild birds in poland. | the purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence of avian reovirus (arv) infections in wild birds in poland and attempt to propagate the selected arv strains in chicken embryo kidney (cek) cells or chicken spf embryos. | 2017 | 29978079 |
| optimized polypeptide for a subunit vaccine against avian reovirus. | avian reovirus (arv) is a disease-causing agent. the disease is prevented by vaccination with a genotype-specific vaccine while many variants of arv exist in the field worldwide. production of new attenuated vaccines is a long-term process and in the case of fast-mutating viruses, an impractical one. in the era of molecular biology, vaccines may be produced by using only the relevant protein for induction of neutralizing antibodies, enabling fast adjustment to the emergence of new genetic strain ... | 2016 | 27155492 |
| detection and characterization of two co-infection variant strains of avian orthoreovirus (arv) in young layer chickens using next-generation sequencing (ngs). | using next-generation sequencing (ngs) for full genomic characterization studies of the newly emerging avian orthoreovirus (arv) field strains isolated in pennsylvania poultry, we identified two co-infection arv variant strains from one arv isolate obtained from arv-affected young layer chickens. the de novo assembly of the arv reads generated 19 contigs of two different arv variant strains according to 10 genome segments of each arv strain. the two variants had the same m2 segment. the complete ... | 2016 | 27089943 |
| using ic-tagging methodology for production and purification of epitope-loaded protein microspheres for vaccination. | particulate material is more efficient in eliciting immune responses. here we describe the production of microspheres formed by protein muns-mi from avian reoviruses, loaded with foreign epitopes by means of ic-tagging, for their use as vaccines. | 2016 | 26458827 |
| genetic and pathogenic characterisation of 11 avian reovirus isolates from northern china suggests continued evolution of virulence. | avian reovirus (arv) infections characterised by severe arthritis, tenosynovitis, pericarditis, and depressed growth have become increasingly frequent in recent years. in this study, we isolated and identified 11 arv field strains from chickens with viral arthritis and reduced growth in northern china. comparative analysis of the σc nucleotide and amino acid sequences demonstrated that all isolates, except ln05 and js01, were closely related to arv s1133 and clustered in the first genetic lineag ... | 2016 | 27752067 |
| relationship between different enteric viral infections and the occurrence of diarrhea in broiler flocks in jordan. | the aim of this study is to determine if enteric viruses are the cause of diarrhea in broiler flocks in jordan. intestinal content samples were collected from 101 broiler flocks from several regions of jordan to detect the presence of astrovirus, coronavirus, reovirus, and rotavirus, by using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). forty-six of these flocks were clinically healthy with no enteric disease, and the other 55 flocks were clinically suffering from diarrhea. the samp ... | 2016 | 27190109 |
| avian reovirus σa and σns proteins activate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent akt signalling pathway. | the present study was conducted to identify avian reovirus (arv) proteins that can activate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (pi3k)-dependent akt pathway. based on arv protein amino acid sequence analysis, σa, σns, μa, μb and μns were identified as putative proteins capable of mediating pi3k/akt pathway activation. the recombinant plasmids σa-pcagen, σns-pcagen, μa-pcagen, μb-pcagen and μns-pcagen were constructed and used to transfect vero cells, and the expression levels of the corresponding ... | 2016 | 27233800 |
| a critical role of lamp-1 in avian reovirus p10 degradation associated with inhibition of apoptosis and virus release. | avian reovirus (arv) causes viral arthritis, chronic respiratory diseases, retarded growth and malabsorption syndrome. the arv p10 protein, a viroporin responsible for the induction of cell syncytium formation and apoptosis, is rapidly degraded in host cells. however, the mechanism of p10 degradation and its relevance are still unclear. we report here the identification of cellular lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (lamp-1) as an interaction partner of p10 by yeast two-hybrid screening, imm ... | 2016 | 26744063 |
| phylogenetic analysis of a novel reassortant orthoreovirus strain detected in partridge (perdix perdix). | avian orthoreoviruses cause various diseases in wild birds and domesticated poultry. in this study we report the detection and genomic characterization of a partridge (perdix perdix) origin reovirus strain, d1007/2008. the virus was isolated on cell culture from acute pneumonia and infra-orbital sinusitis. the 23,497 nucleotide long genome sequence was obtained by combined use of semiconductor and capillary sequencing. sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that the partridge reovirus strain ... | 2016 | 26597720 |
| lineage diversification, homo- and heterologous reassortment and recombination shape the evolution of chicken orthoreoviruses. | the near complete genome sequences of ten field avian orthoreovirus (arv) strains collected from young chicken between 2002 and 2011 in hungary have been determined in order to explore the genetic diversity and evolutionary mechanisms affecting arvs in this region. sequence analyses and phylogenetic calculations revealed similar geographic distribution and distinct evolution in case of eight studied strains that were closely related to the recently described hungarian strain t1781. the remaining ... | 2016 | 27830770 |
| orthoreovirus outer-fiber proteins are substrates for sumo-conjugating enzyme ubc9. | reoviruses are potential anticancer agents due to their ability to induce cell death in tumor cells. grass carp reovirus (gcrv) is one of the best characterized models on reovirus pathogenesis in vitro. however, there is little known about how sumoylation affects reovirus pathogenesis. the sumo conjugating enzyme 9 (ubc9) determines the targets of sumoylation. here, the protein interactions between reovirus outer fiber proteins, specifically gcrv-104 vp55, and ubc9 were probed using a yeast two- ... | 2016 | 27806335 |
| health evaluation of african penguins (<i>spheniscus demersus</i>) in southern africa. | the african penguin (spheniscus demersus) is an endangered seabird that breeds along the coast of namibia and south africa, and disease surveillance was identified as a priority for its conservation. aiming for the establishment of baseline data on the presence of potential pathogens in this species, a comprehensive health assessment (blood smear examination, haematology, biochemistry and serology) was conducted on samples obtained from 578 african penguins at 11 breeding colonies and a rehabili ... | 2016 | 27796116 |
| response of three different viruses to interferon priming and dithiothreitol treatment of avian cells. | we have previously shown that the replication of avian reovirus (arv) in chicken cells is much more resistant to interferon (ifn) than the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) or vaccinia virus (vv). in this study, we have investigated the role that the double-stranded rna (dsrna)-activated protein kinase (pkr) plays in the sensitivity of these three viruses toward the antiviral action of chicken interferon. our data suggest that while interferon priming of avian cells blocks vaccinia ... | 2016 | 27440902 |
| a duck reovirus variant with a unique deletion in the sigma c gene exhibiting high pathogenicity in pekin ducklings. | a novel strain of duck reovirus (drv) associated with a high mortality in pekin ducklings in china, 2013, was isolated and characterized. this strain (designated as hn5d) grew well in vero cells and produced marked cytopathic effects. hn5d contains 10 dsrna genome segments, a typical feature of avian orthoreovirus. following cloning, sequencing, and sequence analysis of the genome segments, a unique deletion of 18 amino acids was found in the sigma c protein of hn5d when compared with that of th ... | 2016 | 26829009 |
| whole genome alignment based one-step real-time rt-pcr for universal detection of avian orthoreoviruses of chicken, pheasant and turkey origins. | newly emerging avian orthoreovirus (arv) variants have been continuously detected in pennsylvania poultry since 2011. in this paper, we report our recent diagnostic assay development of one-step real-time rt-pcr (rrt-pcr) for the rapid and universal detection of all arvs or reference strains of chicken, pheasant and turkey origins and six σc genotypes of the newly emerging field arv variants in pennsylvania (pa) poultry. primers and probes for the rrt-pcr were designed from the conserved region ... | 2016 | 26812128 |
| interferon induction by avian reovirus. | we have previously shown that the replication of avian reovirus (arv) in chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) is more resistant to the antiviral action of interferon (ifn) than the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) or vaccinia virus (vv). in this study we examined the capacity of these three viruses to induce the expression of ifn when infecting avian cells. efficient expression of both type-α and type-β ifns, as well as of the double-stranded rna (dsrna)-activated protein kinase (pkr) ... | 2016 | 26517397 |
| current limitations in control of viral arthritis and tenosynovitis caused by avian reoviruses in commercial poultry. | avian reoviruses are the causative agent of viral arthritis/tenosynovitis in chickens and turkeys. clinical signs of disease include swelling of the hock joints accompanied by lesions in the gastrocnemius and digital flexor tendons causing lameness in addition to hydropericardium. the economic impact is significant as it results in poor weight gain, increased feed conversion ratios and condemnations at the processing plant. vaccination with both live attenuated and inactivated oil emulsion vacci ... | 2016 | 28024855 |
| suppression of vimentin phosphorylation by the avian reovirus p17 through inhibition of cdk1 and plk1 impacting the g2/m phase of the cell cycle. | the p17 protein of avian reovirus (arv) causes cell cycle retardation in a variety of cell lines; however, the underlying mechanism(s) by which p17 regulates the cell cycle remains largely unknown. we demonstrate for the first time that p17 interacts with cdk1 and vimentin as revealed by reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation and gst pull-down assays. both in vitro and in vivo studies indicated that direct interaction of p17 and cdk1/vimentin was mapped within the amino terminus (aa 1-60) of p17 and ... | 2016 | 27603133 |
| detection and molecular characterization of chicken astrovirus associated with chicks that have an unusual condition known as "white chicks" in brazil. | chicken astrovirus (castv) is one of many viruses related to enteric diseases in poultry that are associated with runting-stunting syndrome (rss), which affects young chickens. castv was also recently associated with an unusual condition in chicks called "white chicks." some hatcheries in certain states of brazil have reported several incubation problems, mortality, and the presence of chicks with white plumages over the past several months. these chicks were termed locally as "white chicks." th ... | 2016 | 26976903 |
| molecular detection of chicken parvovirus in broilers with enteric disorders presenting curving of duodenal loop, pancreatic atrophy, and mesenteritis. | enteric disorders are an important cause of economic losses in broiler chickens worldwide. several agents have been associated with enteric problems, such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites. in this study, broiler chickens showing signs of enteric disorders were subjected to molecular diagnosis for several viral agents and also for pathological examination for elucidating this problem. thus, the chickens were screened for avian nephritis virus (anv), chicken astrovirus (castv), avian rotavirus ... | 2016 | 26908891 |
| genomic characterization of a novel avian arthritis orthoreovirus variant by next-generation sequencing. | by using next-generation sequencing (ngs) technology, we have identified a divergent avian orthoreovirus (arv) field variant (reo/pa/broiler/15511/13, or pa15511), isolated from broiler chickens with viral arthritis in pennsylvania in 2013. the complete genome of the pa15511 field strain was 23,495 bp in length with 10 dsrna segments encoding 12 viral proteins. the lengths of the genomic segments ranged from 1192 bp (s4) to 3958 bp (l1). genomic analysis has revealed that this virus is distinct ... | 2015 | 26234183 |
| isolation and molecular characterization of newly emerging avian reovirus variants and novel strains in pennsylvania, usa, 2011-2014. | avian reovirus (arv) infections of broiler and turkey flocks have caused significant clinical disease and economic losses in pennsylvania (pa) since 2011. most of the arv-infected birds suffered from severe arthritis, tenosynovitis, pericarditis and depressed growth or runting-stunting syndrome (rss). a high morbidity (up to 20% to 40%) was observed in arv-affected flocks, and the flock mortality was occasionally as high as 10%. arv infections in turkeys were diagnosed for the first time in pa i ... | 2015 | 26469681 |
| a duplex real-time pcr assay for the detection and quantification of avian reovirus and mycoplasma synoviae. | infectious arthritis in broilers represents an economic and health problem, resulting in severe losses due to retarded growth and downgrading at the slaughterhouse. the most common agents associated with cases of infectious arthritis in poultry are avian reovirus (arv) and mycoplasma synoviae (ms). the accurate differentiation and rapid diagnosis of arv and ms are essential prerequisites for the effective control and prevention of these avian pathogens in poultry flocks. this study thus aimed to ... | 2015 | 25889592 |
| critical role of eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha 1 (eef1a1) in avian reovirus sigma-c-induced apoptosis and inhibition of viral growth. | avian reovirus (arv) causes viral arthritis, chronic respiratory diseases, retarded growth and malabsorption syndrome. it is well established that the arv sigma-c protein induces apoptosis in host cells. however, the underlying molecular mechanism of this induction is still unclear. we report here the identification of eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha 1 (eef1a1) as the interacting partner of σc. we found that σc-induced apoptosis in df-1 cells could be completely abolished by knockdown of ee ... | 2015 | 25854689 |
| sequence and phylogenetic analysis of m-class genome segments of novel duck reovirus np03. | we report the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the entire m1, m2, and m3 genome segments of the novel duck reovirus (ndrv) np03. alignment between the newly determined nucleotide sequences as well as their deduced amino acid sequences and the published sequences of avian reovirus (arv) was carried out with dnastar software. sequence comparison showed that the m2 gene had the most variability among the m-class genes of drv. phylogenetic analysis of the m-class genes of arv strains revealed d ... | 2015 | 25852231 |
| evidence that avian reovirus σns is an rna chaperone: implications for genome segment assortment. | reoviruses are important human, animal and plant pathogens having 10-12 segments of double-stranded genomic rna. the mechanisms controlling the assortment and packaging of genomic segments in these viruses, remain poorly understood. rna-protein and rna-rna interactions between viral genomic segment precursors have been implicated in the process. while non-structural viral rna-binding proteins, such as avian reovirus σns, are essential for virus replication, the mechanism by which they assist pac ... | 2015 | 26109354 |
| autophagy inhibitors reduce avian-reovirus-mediated apoptosis in cultured cells and in chicken embryos. | avian reovirus (arv)-induced apoptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of reovirus in infected chickens. however, methods for effectively reducing arv-triggered apoptosis remain to be explored. here, we show that pretreatment with chloroquine (cq) or e64d plus pepstatin a decreases arv-mediated apoptosis in chicken df-1 cells. by acting as autophagy inhibitors, cq and e64d plus pepstatin a increase microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-ii (lc3ii) accumulation in arv-infected cells, whic ... | 2015 | 25925704 |
| isolation of chicken astrovirus from specific pathogen-free chicken embryonated eggs. | astroviruses have been associated with enteric disorders in many animal species, including chickens. here, we describe the isolation, propagation, and pathological characteristics of chicken astrovirus (castv) in specific pathogen free (spf) chicken embryonated eggs (cee) from chickens with diarrhea and runting-stunting syndrome. the cee were inoculated via the yolk sac route. viral confirmation was carried out using pcr techniques and transmission electron microscopy negative staining with ammo ... | 2015 | 25805833 |
| isolation and genomic characterization of a novel orthoreovirus from a brown-eared bulbul (hypsipetes amaurotis) in japan. | five species, mammalian orthoreovirus, avian orthoreovirus (arv), nelson bay orthoreovirus (nbv), baboon orthoreovirus and reptilian orthoreovirus, have been identified in the genus orthoreovirus. their genomes each consist of 10 dsrna segments. a novel orthoreovirus was isolated from the haemorrhagic intestine of a dead brown-eared bulbul (hypsipetes amaurotis) in japan. the virus formed syncytia in caco-2 and vero cells. electron microscopy revealed non-enveloped capsids of ~70 nm diameter, wh ... | 2015 | 25740958 |
| avian reovirus s1133-induced apoptosis is associated with bip/grp79-mediated bim translocation to the endoplasmic reticulum. | in this study the mechanism of avian reovirus (arv) s1133-induced pathogenesis was investigated, with a focus on the contribution of er stress to apoptosis. our results showed that upregulation of the er stress response protein, as well as caspase-3 activation, occurred in arv s1133-infected cultured cells and in spf white leghorn chicks organs. upon infection, bim was translocated specifically to the er, but not mitochondria, in the middle to late infectious stages. in addition, arv s1133 induc ... | 2015 | 25576194 |
| acoustic trapping as a generic non-contact incubation site for multiplex bead-based assays. | in this study, we show a significantly reduced assay time and a greatly increased bead recovery for a commercial luminex-based multiplex diagnostic immunoassay by performing all liquid handling steps of the assay protocol in a non-contact acoustic trapping platform. the luminex assay is designed for detecting antibodies in poultry serum for infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, newcastle disease virus and avian reovirus. here, we show proof-of-concept of a microfluidic sy ... | 2015 | 25467518 |
| simultaneous detection of eight immunosuppressive chicken viruses using a gexp analyser-based multiplex pcr assay. | immunosuppressive viruses are frequently found as co-infections in the chicken industry, potentially causing serious economic losses. because traditional molecular biology methods have limited detection ability, a rapid, high-throughput method for the differential diagnosis of these viruses is needed. the objective of this study is to develop a genomelab gene expression profiler analyser-based multiplex pcr method (gexp-multiplex pcr) for simultaneous detection of eight immunosuppressive chicken ... | 2015 | 26715327 |
| avian reovirus replication in mononuclear phagocytes in chicken footpad and spleen after footpad inoculation. | circulating monocytes and tissue macrophages were suggested to be susceptible to avian reovirus (arv) infection. to determine if arv infects and replicates in mononuclear phagocytes (kul01-positive cells), we infected 3-day-old specific-pathogen-free chickens with arv strain 2408 by inoculation of the left footpad. the left footpads and spleens were collected for analysis at 1.5 and 2.5 d after inoculation. replication of arv in the footpad and spleen was demonstrated by detection of the viral p ... | 2015 | 25852223 |
| genomic characterization of a turkey reovirus field strain by next-generation sequencing. | the genome of a turkey arthritis reovirus (tarv) field strain (reo/pa/turkey/22342/13), isolated from a turkey flock in pennsylvania (pa) in 2013, has been sequenced using next-generation sequencing (ngs) on the illumina miseq platform. the genome of the pa tarv field strain was 23,496bp in length with 10 dsrna segments encoding 12 viral proteins. the lengths of the genomic segments ranged from 1192bp (s4) to 3959bp (l1). the 5' and 3' conserved terminal sequences of the pa tarv field strain wer ... | 2015 | 25841748 |
| genotyping and classification of tunisian strains of avian reovirus using rt-pcr and rflp analysis. | since 1998, avian reovirus (arv) infection has been detected in broiler and breeding chicken flocks in tunisia. the genotype of avian reoviruses was established using simple and rapid approaches. reverse transcription pcr (rt-pcr) on both sigma c (σc) and sigma b (σb)-encoding genes followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analyses were used to better characterize tunisian isolated strains. the rt-pcr amplified fragments of 738 and 540 bp for σc- and σb-encoding genes, respect ... | 2015 | 26292528 |
| avian reovirus protein p17 functions as a nucleoporin tpr suppressor leading to activation of p53, p21 and pten and inactivation of pi3k/akt/mtor and erk signaling pathways. | avian reovirus (arv) protein p17 has been shown to regulate cell cycle and autophagy by activation of p53/pten pathway; nevertheless, it is still unclear how p53 and pten are activated by p17. here, we report for the first time that p17 functions as a nucleoporin tpr suppressor that leads to p53 nuclear accumulation and consequently activates p53, p21, and pten. the nuclear localization signal (119iaakrgrqld128) of p17 has been identified for tpr binding. this study has shown that tpr suppressio ... | 2015 | 26244501 |
| genomic characterization of a broiler reovirus field strain detected in pennsylvania. | avian reovirus (arv) infections have been increasingly diagnosed in pennsylvania (pa) from 2011 to the present time. a field arv strain (reo/pa/broiler/05682/12) isolated from sick broilers suffered from severe arthritis/tenosynovitis of a pa broiler flock was conducted full genome sequence studies using rt-pcr and race techniques. the complete genome of the pa broiler arv field strain was 23,494bp in length with an approximately 50% g+c content and 10 dsrna segments encoding 12 viral proteins. ... | 2015 | 25660035 |
| the p10 fast protein fusion peptide functions as a cystine noose to induce cholesterol-dependent liposome fusion without liposome tubulation. | the reovirus p10 fusion-associated small transmembrane (fast) proteins are the smallest known membrane fusion proteins, and evolved specifically to mediate cell-cell, rather than virus-cell, membrane fusion. the 36-40-residue ectodomains of avian reovirus (arv) and nelson bay reovirus (nbv) p10 contain an essential intramolecular disulfide bond required for both cell-cell fusion and lipid mixing between liposomes. to more clearly define the functional, biochemical and biophysical features of thi ... | 2015 | 25450808 |
| the development and evaluation of cross-priming amplification for the detection of avian reovirus. | the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate cross-priming amplification (cpa) for the detection of avian reovirus (arv). | 2015 | 25425151 |
| correction: avian reovirus protein p17 functions as a nucleoporin tpr suppressor leading to activation of p53, p21 and pten and inactivation of pi3k/akt/mtor and erk signaling pathways. | 2015 | 26368931 | |
| nuclear localization of the p17 protein of avian reovirus is correlated with autophagy induction and an increase in viral replication. | p17 is a nonstructural protein of avian reovirus (arv) that induces autophagy in infected cells. in the present study, we investigated the effect of p17 and its nuclear localization signal (nls) on autophagy and viral replication. when vero cells and df1 cells were transfected with mutant p17 in which lysine (k) at position 122 and arginine (r) at position 123 were mutated to alanine (a), the expression level of lc3 ii decreased dramatically after transfection. the expression of the polypeptide ... | 2015 | 26350773 |
| mortality associated with avian reovirus infection in a free-living magpie (pica pica) in great britain. | avian reoviruses (arvs) cause a range of disease presentations in domestic, captive and free-living bird species. arvs have been reported as a cause of significant disease and mortality in free-living corvid species in north america and continental europe. until this report, there have been no confirmed cases of arv-associated disease in british wild birds. | 2015 | 25880683 |
| rhoa/rock1 regulates avian reovirus s1133-induced switch from autophagy to apoptosis. | autophagy is an essential process in the control of cellular homeostasis. it enables cells under certain stress conditions to survive by removing toxic cellular components, and may protect cells from apoptosis. in the present study, the signaling pathways involved in arv s1133 regulated switch from autophagy to apoptosis were investigated. | 2015 | 25944062 |
| phylogenetic analysis, genomic diversity and classification of m class gene segments of turkey reoviruses. | from 2011 to 2014, 13 turkey arthritis reoviruses (tarvs) were isolated from cases of swollen hock joints in 2-18-week-old turkeys. in addition, two isolates from similar cases of turkey arthritis were received from another laboratory. eight turkey enteric reoviruses (tervs) isolated from fecal samples of turkeys were also used for comparison. the aims of this study were to characterize turkey reovirus (trv) based on complete m class genome segments and to determine genetic diversity within tarv ... | 2015 | 25655814 |
| proteomics analysis of the df-1 chicken fibroblasts infected with avian reovirus strain s1133. | avian reovirus (arv) is a member of the orthoreovirus genus in the reoviridae family. it is the etiological agent of several diseases, among which viral arthritis and malabsorption syndrome are the most commercially important, causing considerable economic losses in the poultry industry. although a small but increasing number of reports have characterized some aspects of arv infection, global changes in protein expression in arv-infected host cells have not been examined. the current study used ... | 2014 | 24667214 |
| complete genome sequence of an avian reovirus isolated from wild mallard ducks in china. | we report here the complete sequence of novel duck reovirus (n-drv) strain sd12 isolated from diseased wild mallard ducklings in the shandong province of china in 2012. the complete genome consists of 23,420 nucleotide base pairs (bp), including 10 segments ranging from 1,191 bp (s4) to 3,959 bp (l1). | 2014 | 25237015 |
| avian reovirus-triggered apoptosis enhances both virus spread and the processing of the viral nonstructural muns protein. | avian reovirus non-structural protein muns is partially cleaved in infected chicken embryo fibroblast cells to produce a 55-kda carboxyterminal protein, termed munsc, and a 17-kda aminoterminal polypeptide, designated munsn. in this study we demonstrate that muns processing is catalyzed by a caspase 3-like protease activated during the course of avian reovirus infection. the cleavage site was mapped by site directed mutagenesis between residues asp-154 and ala-155 of the muns sequence. although ... | 2014 | 25092461 |
| molecular characterization of l class genome segments of a newly isolated turkey arthritis reovirus. | seven strains of turkey arthritis reovirus (tarv) isolated from cases of turkey arthritis were characterized on the basis of their l class genome segment sequences, which were then compared with those of turkey enteric reovirus (terv) and chicken reovirus (crv). all three l class gene segments of tarvs and tervs and their encoded proteins λa, λb, and λc were similar in size to those of crv reference strain s1133. the conserved motifs such as c2h2 zinc-binding motif and conserved polymerase regio ... | 2014 | 25057811 |
| vp2, vp7, and ns1 proteins of bluetongue virus targeted in avian reovirus muns-mi microspheres elicit a protective immune response in ifnar(-/-) mice. | vaccination is critical for controlling the spread of bluetongue virus (btv). the inactivated btv vaccines that are now being used in europe are effective in preventing outbreaks of btv but secondary effects associated to repetitive inoculation of aluminum-containing adjuvants and the need to develop safer, cross-reactive, and more efficacious vaccines with differential diagnostic capability have re-stimulated the interest in developing improved vaccination strategies against btv. we have engine ... | 2014 | 25057758 |
| characterization of s class gene segments of a newly isolated turkey arthritis reovirus. | we report on the complete characterization of s class gene segments of 12 newly isolated turkey arthritis reoviruses (tarvs) and compare it with that of a turkey enteric reovirus (terv). phylogenetic analysis of s2, s3 and s4 genome segments revealed grouping of all tarvs into two lineages while, on the basis of s1 genome segment, only one lineage was found. all tarvs had 95-100% nucleotide identity based on sigma c protein sequences (s1 segment) but varied from 90-100%, 88.9-100% and 88.7-100% ... | 2014 | 25043587 |