Publications

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partial gene sequencing of cyp1a, vitellogenin, and metallothionein in mosquitofish gambusia yucatana and gambusia sexradiata.ground characteristics in the yucatan peninsula make recovery and treatment of wastewater very expensive. this situation has contributed to an increase of pollutants in the aquifer. unfortunately, studies related to the effects of those pollutants in native organisms are scarce. the aim of this work was to obtain partial sequences of widely known genes used as biomarkers of pollutant effect in gambusia yucatana and gambusia sexradiata. the studied genes were: cytochrome p450 1a (cyp1a); vitellog ...201727913826
microhabitat selection and eyefluke infection levels in the western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis).several trematode species infect the eyes of fish as second intermediate hosts. in most cases the definitive host is a piscivorous bird. studies of a few species have shown an increase in transmission due to decreased visual acuity of the fish host. however, this may vary depending on trematode microhabitat choice within the eye. some trematode species are found in the lens, some are found in the vitreous humor, and others have been reported from the retina. here we report 3 genera of eyeflukes ...201727723428
differences in swimming ability and its response to starvation among male and female gambusia affinis.to explore the differences in the swimming ability and environmental adaptive abilities between male and female gambusia affinis, we assessed the differences in burst swimming speeds (uburst), critical swimming speeds (ucrit) and their related fin areas, and consumption of energy substances after starvation at 0 (control group), 15, 30, 45, and 60 days, respectively. the results showed that the pectoral and caudal fin areas did not differ significantly between male and female g. affinis however, ...201728396491
examination of host phenotypes in gambusia affinis following antibiotic treatment.the commonality of antibiotic usage in medicine means that understanding the resulting consequences to the host is vital. antibiotics often decrease host microbiome community diversity and alter the microbial community composition. many diseases such as antibiotic-associated enterocolitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and metabolic disorders have been linked to a disrupted microbiota. the complex interplay between host, microbiome, and antibiotics needs a tractable model for studying host-microbi ...201728287527
increasing agricultural land use is associated with the spread of an invasive fish (gambusia affinis).land-use change and invasive species pose major threats to ecosystems globally. these stressors can act together, with disturbance due to changes in land-use facilitating invasion. we examined the potential for agricultural land use to facilitate the establishment and population growth (abundance) of a globally invasive fish (gambusia affinis). to achieve this we examined gambusia presence, abundance, and life history traits in 31 streams spanning an agricultural land use gradient in the north i ...201728214124
acute exposure to 17α-ethinylestradiol alters aggressive behavior of mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) toward japanese medaka (oryzias latipes).behavior of the mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) toward the japanese medaka (oryzias latipes) was tested under exposure to environmental 17α-ethinylestradiol (ee2), a synthetic derivative of natural estrogen, estradiol. the mosquitofish were exposed to ee2 at different concentrations-0, 0.5, 5.0, and 50.0 ng/l-for 2 days, before their behavioral changes toward the medaka were observed. results indicate that female mosquitofish became more aggressive at the high level of ee2 (50 ng/l), in terms of ...201728160040
the effect of chronic silver nanoparticles on aquatic system in microcosms.silver nanoparticles (agnps) inevitably discharge into aquatic environments due to their abundant use in antibacterial products. it was reported that in laboratory conditions, agnps display dose-dependent toxicity to aquatic organisms, such as bacteria, algae, macrophytes, snails and fishes. however, agnps could behave differently in natural complex environments. in the present study, a series of microcosms were established to investigate the distribution and toxicity of agnps at approximately 5 ...201728117183
differential sensitivity to estrogen-induced opsin expression in two poeciliid freshwater fish species.the sensory system shapes an individual's perception of the world, including social interactions with conspecifics, habitat selection, predator detection, and foraging behavior. sensory signaling can be modulated by steroid hormones, making these processes particularly vulnerable to environmental perturbations. here we examine the influence of exogenous estrogen manipulation on the visual physiology of female western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) and sailfin mollies (poecilia latipinna), two p ...201628013033
[effects of starvation on the consumption of energy sources and swimming performance in juvenile gambusia affinis and tanichthys albonubes].to explore the consumption of energy sources and swimming performance of juvenile gambusia affinis and tanichthys albonubes after starvation, contents of glycogen, lipid and protein, burst swimming speeds (uburst), and critical swimming speeds (ucrit) at different starvation times (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 days) were evaluated. the results showed that, at 0 day, contents of glycogen and lipid were significantly lower in g. affinis than those in t. albonubes, whereas no significant difference in cont ...201627228620
exploratory behaviour and novel predator recognition: behavioural correlations across contexts.it was hypothesized that the exploratory behaviour of an individual measured in a novel environment could predict its behaviour in response to a novel predator. this study examined novel predator recognition in the western mosquitofish gambusia affinis, a species with individual differences in risk-taking, activity and exploration in novel environments. prey responded with characteristic shoaling and avoidance in response to native predators, but did not show characteristic antipredator behaviou ...201627220896
multi-biomarker responses as indication of contaminant effects in gambusia affinis from impacted rivers by municipal effluents.this study investigated toxic effects in mosquitofish from two urban rivers of south china impacted by municipal effluents by using multiple biomarkers including fish morphology, biochemical indicators and transcriptional responses, and explored potential cause-effect relationship with a list of chemicals (metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) and pesticides). the results showed significant alterations in metallothionein (mt) protein and mrna expression in mosquitofish collected from t ...201627135591
bioaccumulation and bioconcentration of carbamazepine and other pharmaceuticals in fish under field and controlled laboratory experiments. evidences of carbamazepine metabolization by fish.there is a growing interest in evaluating the presence of pharmaceutical residues and their metabolites in aquatic biota. in this study, twenty pharmaceuticals, including carbamazepine (cbz) and two metabolites, were analyzed in homogenates of two fish species (gambusia affinis and jenynsia multidentata) captured in polluted areas of the suquía river (córdoba, argentina). the twenty target pharmaceuticals were found in g. affinis, while only fifteen were detected in j. multidentata. we observed ...201626994794
effects of roundup formulations, nutrient addition, and western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) on aquatic communities.aquatic communities can be affected by herbicides, nutrient addition, and non-native fish species. we conducted a mesocosm experiment to examine the direct and interactive effects of three stressors: (1) roundup formulations (roundup weed and grass killer(®) and roundup poison ivy and tough brush killer plus(®)), (2) nutrient addition, and (3) the presence of the non-native western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis), on experimental pond communities. roundup formulations had the most widespread eff ...201626944427
feminization and masculinization of western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) observed in rivers impacted by municipal wastewaters.municipal wastewaters have been known to contain various estrogens and androgens. little is known about the joint action of these chemicals from wastewaters on fishes in the aquatic environment. the objectives of this study were to investigate the estrogenic and/or androgenic effects in wild mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) of two effluent-impacted rivers in south china by determining morphological changes and hepatic mrna expression levels of relevant genes such as vitellogenin (vtg), estrogen r ...201626876344
molecular evidence for the predation of critically endangered endemic aphanius transgrediens from the stomach contents of world wide invasive gambusia affinis.predation and competition among native and invasive species are difficult to study in aquatic environments. identification of preys from semi-digested body parts sampled from stomach contents of the predator is very challenging. recent studies were mainly based on use of dna extracted from stomach content to identify the prey species. this study presents the molecular evidence that reveals the predation of critically endangered aphanius transgrediens by world-wide invasive gambusia affinis for a ...201625082451
towards green oviposition deterrents? effectiveness of syzygium lanceolatum (myrtaceae) essential oil against six mosquito vectors and impact on four aquatic biological control agents.essential oils (eos) from plants may be alternative sources of molecules toxic against mosquito vectors of public health relevance. most of researches in this field focused on eos as larvicides or ovicides, while limited efforts focused on the exploitation of eos as oviposition deterrents. in the present study, the larvicidal and oviposition deterrent activity of syzygium lanceolatum leaf eo was evaluated against six mosquito species, anopheles stephensi, an. subpictus, aedes aegypti, ae. albopi ...201627921244
facile fabrication of eco-friendly nano-mosquitocides: biophysical characterization and effectiveness on neglected tropical mosquito vectors.mosquito (diptera: culicidae) vectors are solely responsible for transmitting important diseases such as malaria, dengue, chikungunya, japanese encephalitis, lymphatic filariasis and zika virus. eco-friendly control tools of culicidae vectors are a priority. in this study, we proposed a facile fabrication process of poly-disperse and stable silver nanoparticles (ag nps) using a cheap leaf extract of ichnocarpus frutescens (apocyanaceae). bio-reduced ag nps were characterized by uv-vis spectropho ...201627866611
single-step biological fabrication of colloidal silver nanoparticles using hugonia mystax: larvicidal potential against zika virus, dengue, and malaria vector mosquitoes.mosquito control is facing key challenges, including outbreaks of new arbovirus threats. we proposed an eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (agnps) employing a low-cost extract of hugonia mystax. agnps were specified by uv, xrd, ftir and edx spectroscopy, sem and tem. agnps were more toxic to anopheles stephensi, aedes aegypti, and culex quinquefasciatus larvae (lc50: 14.45, 15.86, and 17.46 μg/ml) if compared to aquatic biocontrol organisms gambusia affinis, diplonychus indicus, and ...201627611658
acute toxicity and repellent activity of the origanum scabrum boiss. & heldr. (lamiaceae) essential oil against four mosquito vectors of public health importance and its biosafety on non-target aquatic organisms.the recent outbreaks of dengue, chikungunya, and zika virus highlighted the pivotal importance of mosquito vector control in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. however, mosquito control is facing hot challenges, mainly due to the rapid development of pesticide resistance in culicidae and the limited success of biocontrol programs on aedes mosquitoes. in this framework, screening botanicals for their mosquitocidal potential may offer effective and eco-friendly tools in the fight against mo ...201627604128
eco-friendly larvicides from indian plants: effectiveness of lavandulyl acetate and bicyclogermacrene on malaria, dengue and japanese encephalitis mosquito vectors.mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) are a key threat for millions of people and animals worldwide, since they act as vectors for devastating pathogens and parasites, including malaria, dengue, japanese encephalitis, filiariasis and zika virus. mosquito young instars are usually targeted using organophosphates, insect growth regulators and microbial agents. indoor residual spraying and insecticide-treated bed nets are also employed. however, these chemicals have negative effects on human health and t ...201627504617
single-step biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using zornia diphylla leaves: a potent eco-friendly tool against malaria and arbovirus vectors.mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) are vectors of important pathogens and parasites, including malaria, dengue, chikungunya, japanese encephalitis, lymphatic filariasis and zika virus. the application of synthetic insecticides causes development of resistance, biological magnification of toxic substances through the food chain, and adverse effects on the environment and human health. in this scenario, eco-friendly control tools of mosquito vectors are a priority. here single-step fabrication of sil ...201627318605
one-step synthesis of polydispersed silver nanocrystals using malva sylvestris: an eco-friendly mosquito larvicide with negligible impact on non-target aquatic organisms.the synthesis of eco-friendly nanoparticles is evergreen branch of nanoscience with a growing number of biomedical implications. in this study, we investigated the synthesis of polydisperse and stable silver nanoparticles (agnp) using a cheap leaf extract of malva sylvestris (malvaceae). bio-reduced agnp were characterized by uv-visible spectrophotometry, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir), x-ray diffraction analysis (xrd), atomic force microscopy (afm), scanning electron microscopy ...201627075309
artemisia absinthium-borne compounds as novel larvicides: effectiveness against six mosquito vectors and acute toxicity on non-target aquatic organisms.the eco-friendly control of mosquito vectors is a crucial challenge of public health importance. here we evaluated the larvicidal potential of artemisia absinthium essential oil (eo) and its three major chemical constituents against six mosquito vectors: anopheles stephensi, anopheles subpictus, aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, culex quinquefasciatus, and culex tritaeniorhynchus. the eo was obtained by leaf hydro-distillation. its chemical composition was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass s ...201627630101
chemical composition, toxicity and non-target effects of pinus kesiya essential oil: an eco-friendly and novel larvicide against malaria, dengue and lymphatic filariasis mosquito vectors.mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) are vectors of important parasites and pathogens causing death, poverty and social disability worldwide, with special reference to tropical and subtropical countries. the overuse of synthetic insecticides to control mosquito vectors lead to resistance, adverse environmental effects and high operational costs. therefore, the development of eco-friendly control tools is an important public health challenge. in this study, the mosquito larvicidal activity of pinus ke ...201626995063
larvicidal and repellent potential of zingiber nimmonii (j. graham) dalzell (zingiberaceae) essential oil: an eco-friendly tool against malaria, dengue, and lymphatic filariasis mosquito vectors?mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) are important vectors of terms of public health relevance, especially in tropical and sub-tropical regions. the continuous and indiscriminate use of conventional pesticides for the control of mosquito vectors has resulted in the development of resistance and negative impacts on non-target organisms and the environment. therefore, there is a need for development of effective mosquito control tools. in this study, the larvicidal and repellent activity of zingiber ni ...201626792432
facile synthesis of mosquitocidal silver nanoparticles using mussaenda glabra leaf extract: characterisation and impact on non-target aquatic organisms.plant-borne compounds have been proposed for extracellular synthesis of mosquitocidal nanoparticles. however, their impact against mosquito natural enemies has been scarcely studied. here, we synthesised silver nanoparticles (ag nps) using mussaenda glabra leaf extract as reducing and stabilising agent. biofabricated ag nps were characterised by uv-vis spectrophotometry, x-ray diffraction, fourier transform infrared (ftir) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (sem) and transmission electro ...201627209898
α-humulene and β-elemene from syzygium zeylanicum (myrtaceae) essential oil: highly effective and eco-friendly larvicides against anopheles subpictus, aedes albopictus, and culex tritaeniorhynchus (diptera: culicidae).mosquitoes transmit serious pathogens and parasites to humans and animals, including malaria, dengue, japanese encephalitis and filariasis. the extensive use of chemical pesticides leads to the development of resistance in mosquito vector populations and serious non-target effects on human health and the environment. myrtaceae plants can be a useful reservoir of natural products effective against culicidae young instars. in this research, we evaluated the mosquitocidal potential of the essential ...201627026503
facile biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using barleria cristata: mosquitocidal potential and biotoxicity on three non-target aquatic organisms.mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) act as vectors of important pathogens and parasites, such as malaria, dengue, chikungunya, japanese encephalitis and lymphatic filariasis. the use of synthetic mosquitocides often leads to high operational costs and adverse non-target effects. recently, plant-borne compounds have been proposed for rapid extracellular biosynthesis of mosquitocidal nanoparticles. however, the impact of these nanomosquitocides against biological control agents of mosquito larval popu ...201626555876
earthworm-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles: a potent tool against hepatocellular carcinoma, plasmodium falciparum parasites and malaria mosquitoes.the development of parasites and pathogens resistant to synthetic drugs highlighted the needing of novel, eco-friendly and effective control approaches. recently, metal nanoparticles have been proposed as highly effective tools towards cancer cells and plasmodium parasites. in this study, we synthesized silver nanoparticles (ew-agnp) using eudrilus eugeniae earthworms as reducing and stabilizing agents. ew-agnp showed plasmon resonance reduction in uv-vis spectrophotometry, the functional groups ...201626873539
two new myxosporida, henneguya gambusi sp. n. and myxosoma pharyngeus sp. n., in the mosquitofish, gambusia affinis (baird and girard). 20165003274
learned orientation in the predator avoidance behavior of mosquitofish, gambusia affinis. 20164707170
one-pot biogenic fabrication of silver nanocrystals using quisqualis indica: effectiveness on malaria and zika virus mosquito vectors, and impact on non-target aquatic organisms.currently, mosquito vector control is facing a number of key challenges, including the rapid development of resistance to synthetic pesticides and the recent spread of aggressive arbovirus outbreaks. the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (agnps) is currently considered an environmental friendly alternative to the employ of pyrethroids, carbamates and microbial agents (e.g. bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis), since agnps are easy to produce, effective and stable in the aquatic environmen ...201627491031
the first record of centrocestus formosanus (nishigori, 1924) (digenea: heterophyidae) in egypt.the life cycle of centrocestus formosanus (digenea: heterophyidae) was to be successfully completed in the laboratory in the present study. hundreds of the thiarid snail, melanoides tuberculata, were collected from the main water course mansouriya canal, giza governorate, egypt. the snails were individually exposed to artificial light to determine possible infection with trematode larvae. fifteen snails were found infected with opthalmopleurolophocercous cercariae (infection index of 1.97). thes ...201627328972
[morphological study of the epiphyseal region of gambusia affinis holbrooki g. histological incidences of certain factors on the diencephalic tectum]. 20165774459
quantification of vitellogenin mrna induction in mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) by reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr).a method to quantify induction of vitellogenin (vtg) mrna in adult male mosquitofish was developed. male mosquitofish were exposed to 0, 1, 20 and 250 ng l(-1) 17beta-oestradiol (e(2)) for 4 and 8 days in static exposures, and liver vtg mrna and 18s rrna expression were quantified in duplex rt-pcr. liver 18s rrna expression was very consistent among individuals, and there was a highly significant increase in vtg mrna expression after exposure of mosquitofish for just 4 days at 250 ng l(-1) e(2). ...201516308267
suitability of enzymatic markers to assess the environmental condition of natural populations of gambusia affinis and daphnia magna--a case study.in recent years, the use of biochemical markers, especially in the assessment of toxic effects and modes of action, under controlled laboratory conditions has increased. however, transposing their use to in situ monitoring or risk assessment evaluations has encountered barriers, mainly related to the difficulty in interpreting the meaning of biochemical variation. in this work, we aimed at understanding if biochemical marker activities (cholinesterase, glutathione s-transferase and lactate dehyd ...201525805370
the host effects of gambusia affinis with an antibiotic-disrupted microbiome.while serving as critical tools against bacterial infections, antimicrobial therapies can also result in serious side effects, such as antibiotic-associated entercolitis. recent studies utilizing next generation sequencing to generate community 16s gene profiles have shown that antibiotics can strongly alter community composition and deplete diversity. however, how these community changes in the microbiota are related to the host side effects is still unclear. we have used the freshwater western ...201526475244
parathion and methyl parathion toxicity to insecticide-resistant and susceptible mosquitofish (gambusia affinis). 20154433817
direct and indirect effect of predators on anopheles gambiae sensu stricto.the increased insecticides resistance by vectors and the ecological harm imposed by insecticides to beneficial organisms drawback mosquitoes chemical control efforts. biological control would reduce insecticides tolerance and yet biodiversity friend. the predatory and non-predatory effects of gambusia affinis and carassius auratus on gravid anopheles gambiae sensu strict and larvae survivorship were assessed. in determining predation rate, a single starved predator was exposed to third instar la ...201525438260
a novel biopesticide ponneem to control human vector mosquitoes anopheles stephensi l. and culex quinquefasciatus say.organophosphate pesticides are widely used in vector mosquito management and agricultural pest management. these chemicals enter into natural water bodies and soil and cause hazards to the environment. the objective of this study was to prepare a natural pesticide which will not harm the environment and yet control vector mosquitoes. ponneem, a novel biopesticide, patented and prepared from the oils of azadirachta indica and pongamia glabra, was tested against anopheles stephensi and culex quinq ...201525929457
eco-friendly control of malaria and arbovirus vectors using the mosquitofish gambusia affinis and ultra-low dosages of mimusops elengi-synthesized silver nanoparticles: towards an integrative approach?mosquito-borne diseases represent a deadly threat for millions of people worldwide. however, the use of synthetic insecticides to control culicidae may lead to high operational costs and adverse non-target effects. plant-borne compounds have been proposed for rapid extracellular synthesis of mosquitocidal nanoparticles. their impact against biological control agents of mosquito larval populations has been poorly studied. we synthesized silver nanoparticles (agnp) using the aqueous leaf extract o ...201526300364
effects of fish cues on mosquito larvae development.we investigated the effects of predator-released kairomones on life history traits of larval culex pipiens (linnaeus). we compared the development time and survival of sibling larvae, reared in either water conditioned by the presence of gambusia affinis (baird and girard) or fishless control-water. our results indicate that larvae developing in fish-conditioned water (fcw) pupated faster than larvae in fishless-control water. the effect of fcw on larval survival was evident only in females. sur ...201526259816
effects from a short-term exposure to copper or cadmium in gravid females of the livebearer fish (gambusia affinis).we investigated the reproductive effects of a 10-day maternal metal exposure in the live-bearing western mosquitofish. we exposed gravid females to 0.15µm copper or cadmium and monitored reproduction-related variables over the subsequent 8-month breeding season. females gave birth to 1-5 broods, a number not affected by the exposure. their first brood's size was reduced following exposure to either metal, while this effect was still evident for the second brood of copper-exposed females. metal-e ...201525957081
monitoring and assessment of environmental disturbance on natural gambusia affinis populations--histopathological analysis.physiological investigations are often used to assess the toxic effects of aquatic pollutants in fish and to establish criteria for water quality. in the present study, we tend to investigate the growth performance, skeletal abnormalities, and histological alterations noticed in three natural populations of the mosquitofish gambusia affinis captured from three estuary sites. the analysis of growth performance demonstrated that the studied populations showed different growth patterns. additionall ...201525937497
experimental dosing of wetlands with coagulants removes mercury from surface water and decreases mercury bioaccumulation in fish.mercury pollution is widespread globally, and strategies for managing mercury contamination in aquatic environments are necessary. we tested whether coagulation with metal-based salts could remove mercury from wetland surface waters and decrease mercury bioaccumulation in fish. in a complete randomized block design, we constructed nine experimental wetlands in california's sacramento-san joaquin delta, stocked them with mosquitofish (gambusia affinis), and then continuously applied agricultural ...201525893963
effects of ration levels on growth and reproduction from larvae to first-time spawning in the female gambusia affinis.somatic growth and reproduction were examined in individual laboratory-grown female gambusia affinis fed with high (h), medium (m) and low (l) ration levels from birth to the first-time spawning. results showed that the body length and weight, condition factor (cf), wet weight gain (wg(w)), specific growth rate in wet weight (sgr(w)) and ration levels in terms of energy (rl(e)) decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with decreasing ration levels from birth to first-time spawning. on the contrary, th ...201525768343
a transcriptome derived female-specific marker from the invasive western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis).sex-specific markers are a prerequisite for understanding reproductive biology, genetic factors involved in sex differences, mechanisms of sex determination, and ultimately the evolution of sex chromosomes. the western mosquitofish, gambusia affinis, may be considered a model species for sex-chromosome evolution, as it displays female heterogamety (zw/zz), and is also ecologically interesting as a worldwide invasive species. here, de novo rna-sequencing on the gonads of sexually mature g. affini ...201525707007
physiological effects and reduced tolerance following maternal metal exposure in the live-bearing fish gambusia affinis.the present study assessed the effects of maternal copper or cadmium exposure in a live-bearing fish. after a 10-d exposure to background levels (control) or 0.15 μm copper or cadmium, gravid females were transferred to clean water. once a female gave birth, the authors analyzed her newborn offspring for lipid peroxidation, elemental composition (copper, cadmium, and calcium), and metal tolerance. the authors raised other offspring until sexual maturity and analyzed their growth rate, incidence ...201525663450
effects on life history variables and population dynamics following maternal metal exposure in the live-bearing fish gambusia affinis.this study investigated the effect of maternal copper and maternal cadmium exposure on life history variables and population dynamics in a live-bearing fish species. gravid females were exposed to copper, cadmium, or background metal levels (control); maternal transfer of the metals was previously demonstrated using the exact same design. each female's first brood, born after the exposure, was subdivided into two groups. one group was raised in the laboratory, to assess time-to and size-at sexua ...201525564012
viability costs of reproduction and behavioral compensation in western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis).the cost of reproduction hypothesis suggests that current reproduction has inherent tradeoffs with future reproduction. these tradeoffs can be both in the form of energy allocated to current offspring as opposed to somatic maintenance and future reproduction (allocation costs), or as an increase in mortality as a result of morphological or physiological changes related to reproduction (viability costs). individuals may be able to decrease viability costs by altering behavior. female western mosq ...201425365426
evidence of maternal copper and cadmium transfer in two live-bearing fish species.we studied maternal transfer of an essential metal (copper) and a non-essential one (cadmium) in the live-bearing fishes heterandria formosa and gambusia affinis. the goals of this study were: (1) to determine whether metals are transferred from exposed females to their developing offspring; (2) to determine if this transfer differs between two fish species that differ in their degree of maternal provisioning during development; (3) to determine the duration of maternal metal transfer once femal ...201425194944
heads or tails: do stranded fish (mosquitofish, gambusia affinis) know where they are on a slope and how to return to the water?aquatic vertebrates that emerge onto land to spawn, feed, or evade aquatic predators must return to the water to avoid dehydration or asphyxiation. how do such aquatic organisms determine their location on land? do particular behaviors facilitate a safe return to the aquatic realm? in this study, we asked: will fully-aquatic mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) stranded on a slope modulate locomotor behavior according to body position to facilitate movement back into the water? to address this questi ...201425162613
abundance of gap junctions at glutamatergic mixed synapses in adult mosquitofish spinal cord neurons."dye-coupling", whole-mount immunohistochemistry for gap junction channel protein connexin 35 (cx35), and freeze-fracture replica immunogold labeling (fril) reveal an abundance of electrical synapses/gap junctions at glutamatergic mixed synapses in the 14th spinal segment that innervates the adult male gonopodium of western mosquitofish, gambusia affinis (mosquitofish). to study gap junctions' role in fast motor behavior, we used a minimally-invasive neural-tract-tracing technique to introduce g ...201425018700
effect of age-based and environment-based cues on reproductive investment in gambusia affinis.we examined the multivariate life-history trajectories of age 0 and age 1 female gambusia affinis to determine relative effects of age-based and environment-based cues on reproductive investment. age 0 females decreased reproductive investment prior to the onset of fall and winter months, while age 1 females increased reproductive investment as the summer progressed. the reproductive restraint and terminal investment patterns exhibited by age 0 and age 1 females, respectively, were consistent wi ...201424967079
effects of cutrine-plus® algaecide and predators on wood frog (lithobates sylvaticus) tadpole survival and growth.copper contamination is increasing in many aquatic ecosystems. one mode by which copper can be introduced into aquatic ecosystems is as an algaecide, such as cutrine-plus®. using a mesocosm experiment, we examined the effects of cutrine-plus® on wood frog (lithobates sylvaticus) tadpoles. in addition, we examined how the presence of a nonnative predator the western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) may interact with exposure to cutrine-plus®. exposure to our low and high cutrine-plus® treatments h ...201424943889
expression patterns of metallothionein, cytochrome p450 1a and vitellogenin genes in western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) in response to heavy metals.the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three metals (zn, cd and pb) on hepatic metallothionein (mt), cytochrome p450 1a (cyp1a) and vitellogenin (vtg) mrna expression in the liver of adult female mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) after 1, 3 or 8d. both concentration-response and time-course effects of hepatic mt, cyp1a and vtg at the transcription level were determined by quantitative real-time pcr. the results from this study showed that zn, cd and pb could significantly induced mt, ...201424793519
assessment of mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) health indicators in relation to domestic wastewater discharges in suburbs of houston, usa.personal care products, pharmaceuticals, and other contaminants of emerging concern (cecs) in domestic wastewater treatment plant (wwtp) effluents can impact aquatic organisms. health indicators were compared for mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) collected above and below wwtp discharges from five streams in suburban areas of the houston metropolitan area, texas, usa. specimens were evaluated for reproductive, morphological, and histological indicators. several indicators revealed significant spat ...201424615506
plasticity of the mate choice mind: courtship evokes choice-like brain responses in females from a coercive mating system.female mate choice is fundamental to sexual selection, and determining molecular underpinnings of female preference variation is important for understanding mating character evolution. previously it was shown that whole-brain expression of a synaptic plasticity marker, neuroserpin, positively correlates with mating bias in the female choice poeciliid, xiphophorus nigrensis, when exposed to conspecific courting males, whereas this relationship is reversed in gambusia affinis, a mate coercive poec ...201424548673
susceptibility of fish and turtles to three ranaviruses isolated from different ectothermic vertebrate classes.ranaviruses have been associated with mortality of lower vertebrates around the world. frog virus 3 (fv3)-like ranaviruses have been isolated from different ectothermic vertebrate classes; however, few studies have demonstrated whether this pathogen can be transmitted among classes. using fv3-like ranaviruses isolated from the american bullfrog lithobates catesbeianus, eastern box turtle terrapene carolina carolina, and pallid sturgeon scaphirhynchus albus, we tested for the occurrence of interc ...201424895866
transmission of ranavirus between ectothermic vertebrate hosts.transmission is an essential process that contributes to the survival of pathogens. ranaviruses are known to infect different classes of lower vertebrates including amphibians, fishes and reptiles. differences in the likelihood of infection among ectothermic vertebrate hosts could explain the successful yearlong persistence of ranaviruses in aquatic environments. the goal of this study was to determine if transmission of a frog virus 3 (fv3)-like ranavirus was possible among three species from d ...201424667325
occurrence and bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals in a fish species inhabiting the suquía river basin (córdoba, argentina).in south america, there is a lack of data concerning the occurrence and levels of pharmaceuticals in main rivers as well as their negative effects on the biota. here we report the occurrence as well as the spatial and temporal variations of some common prescribed pharmaceuticals in the suquía river basin (córdoba, argentina). we also report the bioconcentration of two of them in gambusia affinis, a widely distributed fish species inhabiting the river basin. the influence of the wastewater treatm ...201424295755
personality-dependent dispersal cancelled under predation risk.dispersal is a fundamental life-history trait for many ecological processes. recent studies suggest that dispersers, in comparison to residents, display various phenotypic specializations increasing their dispersal inclination or success. among them, dispersers are believed to be consistently more bold, exploratory, asocial or aggressive than residents. these links between behavioural types and dispersal should vary with the cause of dispersal. however, with the exception of one study, personali ...201324197414
zebrafish (danio rerio) behavioural response to bioinspired robotic fish and mosquitofish (gambusia affinis).the field of ethorobotics holds promise in aiding fundamental research in animal behaviour, whereby it affords fully controllable and easily reproducible experimental tools. most of the current ethorobotics studies are focused on the behavioural response of a selected target species as it interacts with a biologically-inspired robot in controlled laboratory conditions. in this work, we first explore the interactions between two social fish species and a robotic fish, whose design is inspired by ...201323999758
variation in social information use: the influences of information reliability and mass on decision making in a group-living fish gambusia affinis.the effect of the reliability of available social information was assessed by examining whether the age of social information changes its effects on a foraging decision in a group-living fish gambusia affinis. individuals switched their patch preference when faced with social information that conflicted with personal information in general; the age of the social information, however, did not significantly influence preference for feeding patch. the mass of decision makers was positively correlat ...201323731154
mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) responds differentially to a robotic fish of varying swimming depth and aspect ratio.in this study, we explore the feasibility of using bioinspired robotics to influence the behaviour of mosquitofish (gambusia affinis), a social freshwater fish species that is extensively studied for the ecological issues associated with its diffusion in non-native environments. specifically, in a dichotomous choice test, we investigate the behavioural response of small shoals of mosquitofish to a robotic fish inspired by mosquitofish in its colouration, shape, aspect ratio, and locomotion. our ...201323684918
effects of steroid hormones on reproduction- and detoxification-related gene expression in adult male mosquitofish, gambusia affinis.the molecular mechanisms that mediate fish reproduction and detoxification in response to steroid hormones were studied by using adult male western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) as sentinel species. the expression patterns of three vitellogenins (vtga, vtgb and vtgc), two estrogen receptors (erα and erβ), two androgen receptors (arα and arβ), metallothionein (mt) and cytochrome p450 1a (cyp1a) in the liver and testis of adult male mosquitofish were assessed through exposure treatments with pro ...201323665278
upstream effects of a reservoir on fish assemblages 45 years following impoundment.fish assemblage structure, rarefied species richness, species diversity and evenness of assemblages upstream of a reservoir in oklahoma, u.s.a., were compared pre and post-impoundment as well as in contemporary collections from streams above and below the reservoir. there were significant shifts in assemblage structure between historical and contemporary collections above the reservoir but not between contemporary assemblages above and below the impoundment. indicator species analysis revealed t ...201323639160
estrogenic and androgenic effects in mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) from streams contaminated by municipal effluent in guangzhou, china.the study reported in this paper used mosquitofish to investigate the estrogenic and androgenic effects of municipal wastewater contamination on the stream system in guangzhou, china. western mosquitofish collected from a reference site and five study sites in streams forming part of the pearl river network were dissected and analyzed for their morphological characteristics (anal fin and hemal spine characteristics) and target mrna expression of genes (vtgα and erα mrna expression). increased vt ...201323518472
mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) preference and behavioral response to animated images of conspecifics altered in their color, aspect ratio, and swimming depth.mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) is an example of a freshwater fish species whose remarkable diffusion outside its native range has led to it being placed on the list of the world's hundred worst invasive alien species (international union for conservation of nature). here, we investigate mosquitofish shoaling tendency using a dichotomous choice test in which computer-animated images of their conspecifics are altered in color, aspect ratio, and swimming level in the water column. pairs of virtual ...201323342131
effects of 17alpha-ethynylestradiol on sexual development of male western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis).juvenile male western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) were exposed to different concentrations of 17alpha-ethynyl estradiol (ee2) in the diet during the period of sexual maturation. a clear inhibiting influence of ee2 on sexual development was apparent. the proportion of males in each treatment group that failed to complete gonopodial development during the 150-day observation period increased significantly with ee2 concentration. there were significant nonlinear trends toward shorter gonopodia ...201315922671
diet and growth in juveniles of the garter snakes thamnophis sirtalis infernalis and thamnophis radix radix.the effects of diets consisting of different food types on the growth of juvenile garter snakes was tested using a litter each of thamnophis sirtalis infernalis and t. radix radix. the snakes were fed diets consisting of earthworms, lumbricus terrestris, and mosquitofish, gambusia affinis. the results reveal differences in growth per unit of mass, calories, and protein consumed on the different diets with differences in length being more pronounced than differences in mass. the results indicate ...20133623195
study on the heavy metal bioconcentrations of the shadegan international wetland mosquitofish, gambusia affinis, by inductively coupled plasma technique.the purpose of this study was to evaluate the levels of heavy metal bioconcentration of the mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) in shadegan international wetland. sampling including the water, waterbed sediment and mosquitofish was carried out from the selected sampling sites during october and november 2011, and analyzed by the icp-oes. results show that the water has poor qualitative condition, according to epa and who water quality standards. the level of the water cr in the selected sites in bot ...201324499681
hormonal effects of tetrabromobisphenol a using a combination of in vitro and in vivo assays.the aim of this study was to investigate the hormonal effects of tetrabromobisphenol a (tbbpa) in vitro on recombinant yeasts and in vivo on mosquitofish (gambusia affinis). the in vitro bioassays for (anti-)androgenic activities showed that tbbpa had a weak androgenic activity in vitro with recombinant yeast systems carrying human androgen receptor (har). in the in vivo bioassays, the gene expression patterns of vitellogenin (vtg), estrogen receptors (erα and erβ), and androgen receptors (arα a ...201323501287
the effects of ddt, toxaphene, and dieldrin on succinic dehydrogenase activity in insecticide-resistant and susceptible gambusia affinis. 20135072306
correlations between respiration and direct uptake of ddt in the mosquito fish gambusia affinis. 20135153799
epoxidation and fate of ( 14 c)aldrin in insecticide-resistant and susceptible populations of mosquitofish (gambusia affinis). 20134708808
endrin uptake in insecticide-resistant and susceptible mosquitofish (gambusia affinis). 20131242723
uptake and disposition of endrin in insecticide-susceptible and -resistant mosquitofish (gambusia affinis). 2013583155
testing wetland features to increase amphibian reproductive success and species richness for mitigation and restoration.aquatic habitat features can directly influence the abundance, species richness, and quality of juvenile amphibians recruited into adult populations. we examined the influences of within-wetland slope, vegetation, and stocked mosquito fish (gambusia affinis) on amphibian metamorph production and species richness during the first two years post-construction at 18 experimental wetlands in northeast missouri (u.s.a.) grasslands. we used an information theoretic approach (aicc) to rank regression mo ...201222908722
comparative larvivorous performances of mosquitofish, gambusia affinis, and juvenile sacramento blackfish, orthodon microlepidotus, in experimental paddies.mosquitofish, sacramento blackfish, or combinations of both species were stocked in experimental paddies. cultured culex tarsalis larvae, stocked weekly into each paddy, and wild anopheles freeborni larvae were counted by dipping. at the end of the 12 week experiment, paddies were drained and the remaining fish and visible invertebrates counted. data show the highest number of mosquito larvae in the blackfish-stocked paddies. this low larvivorous ability of blackfish may result from their rapid ...20123504893
laboratory evaluation of gambusia affinis fish as predators of the schistosome-bearing snails bulinus truncatus.in this laboratory-based study involving numerous experiments, it was demonstrated that the mosquito fish gambusia affinis preys effectively upon the schistosome-bearing snail bulinus truncatus, even in the presence of an alternative source of food. egg masses and juvenile snails less than or equal to 2 mm in size are preferred. individual eggs are nibbled, and the tiny snails with fragile shells are swallowed and digested. in the absence of other foods, the fish consume the flesh of snails 3 to ...20123755766
integrated mosquito larval source management reduces larval numbers in two highland villages in western kenya.in western kenya, malaria remains one of the major health problems and its control remains an important public health measure. malaria control is by either use of drugs to treat patients infected with malaria parasites or by controlling the vectors. vector control may target the free living adult or aquatic (larval) stages of mosquito. the most commonly applied control strategies target indoor resting mosquitoes. however, because mosquitoes spend a considerable time in water, targeting the aquat ...201222607227
the role of genetic structure in the adaptive divergence of populations experiencing saltwater intrusion due to relative sea-level rise.saltwater intrusion into estuaries creates stressful conditions for nektonic species. previous studies have shown that gambusia affinis populations with exposure to saline environments develop genetic adaptations for increased survival during salinity stress. here, we evaluate the genetic structure of g. affinis populations, previously shown to have adaptations for increased salinity tolerance, and determine the impact of selection and gene flow on structure of these populations. we found that g ...201223116362
gambusia quadruncus (cyprinodontiformes: poeciliidae): a new species of mosquitofish from east-central méxico.gambusia quadruncus n. sp., the llanos mosquitofish, is described from east-central méxico. the region inhabited by the species represents a hotspot of diversity of gambusia, and g. quadruncus sometimes coexists with at least three congeners. the species differs from its closest relative, gambusia affinis, in several characteristics with plausible effects on reproductive isolation, e.g. body size, body and fin morphology, male genital morphology (distal tip of gonopodium) and female anal spot mo ...201223020559
looking for sexual selection in the female brain.female mate choice behaviour has significant evolutionary consequences, yet its mechanistic origins are not fully understood. recent studies of female sensory systems have made great strides in identifying internal mechanisms governing female preferences. only recently, however, have we begun to identify the dynamic genomic response associated with mate choice behaviour. poeciliids provide a powerful comparative system to examine genomic responses governing mate choice and female preference beha ...201222777022
influence of cadmium exposure on growth and fecundity of freshwater mosquitofish gambusia affinis: in situ and in vivo studies.this study aims to investigate the effect of cadmium (cd) exposure on growth and fecundity of mosquitofish gambusia affinis. for this purpose, two natural populations of pregnant females of g. affinis captured from two sites were differently contaminated with cd (s1 present cd levels 5-fold higher than s2) and a sublethal exposure to 0.4 mg cdcl(2)/l (10% of lc(50)) during 56 days was conducted in vivo. the length-weight regression revealed a significant difference in the growth between these tw ...201222391795
regulation of reproduction- and biomarker-related gene expression by sex steroids in the livers and ovaries of adult female western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis).to assess the adverse toxicological effects of steroid hormones on western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis), 180 adult females were exposed to individual or binary combinations of progesterone (1μg/l), testosterone (1μg/l) and 17β-estradiol (1μg/l) for eight days. the expression patterns of vitellogenin, estrogen receptor, androgen receptor, metallothionein, and cytochrome p450 1a genes in mosquitofish varied according to tissue as well as the specificity of steroids. treatment by progesterone or ...201222353216
selenium in aquatic biota inhabiting agricultural drains in the salton sea basin, california.resource managers are concerned that water conservation practices in irrigated farmlands along the southern border of the salton sea, imperial county, california, could increase selenium concentrations in agricultural drainwater and harm the desert pupfish (cyprinodon macularius), a federally protected endangered species. as part of a broader attempt to address this concern, we conducted a 3-year investigation to collect baseline information on selenium concentrations in seven agricultural drain ...201221915593
protective effect of spirulina and tamarind fruit pulp diet supplement in fish (gambusia affinis baird & girard) exposed to sublethal concentration of fluoride, aluminum and aluminum fluoride.protective role of diet supplements (spirulina, tamarind fruit pulp and their combination) on a freshwater fish g. affinis exposed at sublethal concentration of fluoride (f-) (10 ppm), al(+3) (3 ppm) and aluminum fluoride (alf3) (35.4 ppm) in the microcosms (15 l sized) for 30-60 days in winter (90 days in summer) has been reported. toxic effects of chemicals were manifested as higher fish mortality (4-50%) and acid (approximately -30%) and alkaline phosphatase (25-50%) contents, but reduction i ...201223986974
cellular proliferation, cell death, and liver histology in gambusia affinis after dietary exposure to benzidine and 2-aminofluorene.chronic exposure to arylamines through diet and/or smoking has been associated with genetic changes and tumorigenesis. cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and histological changes in liver tissue were investigated in gambusia affinis (g affinis) after chronic dietary exposure to 6.9 mm and 0.069 mm concentrations of benzidine (bz), 2-aminofluorene (2af), and their combination for 4, 8, and 12 weeks, respectively. the proliferation assay indicated non-dose-dependent increases in cellular prolifera ...201220448257
personality-dependent dispersal in the invasive mosquitofish: group composition matters.understanding/predicting ecological invasions is an important challenge in modern ecology because of their immense economical and ecological costs. recent studies have revealed that within-species variation in behaviour (i.e. animal personality) can shed light on the invasion process. the general hypothesis is that individuals' personality type may affect their colonization success, suggesting that some individuals might be better invaders than others. we have recently shown that, in the invasiv ...201121068033
induction of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities in erythrocytes of mosquito fish (gambusia affinis) following exposure to the pyrethroid insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin.in the present study the induction of micronuclei (mn) and nuclear abnormalities (na) in erythrocytes of mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) (baird & girard 1853) was studied. fish were exposed to three different concentrations of lambda-cyhalothrin (lct) (1×10(-4)μg/l, 2×10(-4)μg/l, 4×10(-4)μg/l) for periods of 6, 12, 24, and 48h. na (notched, lobed, blebbed nuclei), mn, bi-nucleated cells, and the ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes (pces) to normochromatic erythrocytes (nces) were evaluated to as ...201121620996
bioconcentration and depuration of endosulfan sulfate in mosquito fish (gambusia affinis).endosulfan is an insecticide which has been widely used in agriculture. the technical grade material consists of two isomers (alpha and beta). under natural environmental conditions, endosulfan is metabolized through oxidation and the main metabolite in the environment is endosulfan sulfate. most ecotoxicology research has been conducted with technical grade endosulfan to determine effects on non-target aquatic organisms. little data on the effects of endosulfan sulfate on aquatic organisms are ...201121550631
developmental and reproductive characteristics of western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) exposed to paper mill effluent in the dengcun river, sihui, south china.the study reported in this paper tested the hypothesis that the developmental and reproductive health of mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) exposed to pulp and paper effluent in the dengcun river would differ from that of mosquitofish living in a reference site. we also studied whether morphological characteristics such as the anal fin and hemal spines of mosquitofish could serve as indicators for evaluating the androgenic effect and mosquitofish population security in the dengcun river. male and f ...201121458407
endocrine-disrupting effects of spironolactone in female western mosquitofish, gambusia affinis.the discovery of pharmaceuticals in effluent from wastewater treatment plants and drug manufacturing facilities and in receiving waters has raised environmental concern. because these compounds are ending up in the environment, it is important to investigate the effects of these compounds on wildlife as well as humans. the present study used a fish model to investigate the endocrine-disrupting effects of spironolactone (spl), an aldosterone antagonist used as a diuretic, but which also exhibits ...201121351124
bioaccumulation and toxicity of copper in outdoor freshwater microcosms.this study characterizes the effects of copper (cu) on florida apple snails (pomacea paludosa) and mosquito fish (gambusia affinis) using a replicated outdoor microcosm design. soils used in this study were collected from two cu-enriched citrus agricultural sites in south florida (agler property (aglr) in st. lucie county and sunrise boys property (srb) in palm beach county) and a reference site (equus property) in st. lucie county. the study included a 5-week aging phase, an 11 month exposure p ...201121345490
stress hormone masculinizes female morphology and behaviour.sex steroids play major roles in vertebrate sexual differentiation. unexpectedly, we now find that exposure to elevated levels of the naturally occurring stress hormone cortisol can also masculinize sexually dimorphic morphological characters and behaviour in adult female mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) in a dose-dependent manner. females masculinized by cortisol developed elongated anal fins with distal tip features similar to those of mature males. most masculinized females also attempted to c ...201120659923
comparative efficacy of two poeciliid fish in indoor cement tanks against chikungunya vector aedes aegypti in villages in karnataka, india.abstract: background: in 2006, severe outbreaks of aedes aegypti-transmitted chikungunya occurred in villages in karnataka, south india. we evaluated the effectiveness of combined information, education and communication (iec) campaigns using two potential poeciliid larvivorous fish guppy (poecilia reticulata) and mosquitofish (gambusia affinis), in indoor cement tanks for aedes larval control. methods: trials were conducted in two villages (domatmari and srinivaspura) in tumkur district from ma ...201121798018
the feasibility of using mosquitofish (gambusia affinis) for detecting endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the freshwater environment.we evaluated the utility of gene-transcriptional responses in the liver of mosquitofish (gambusia affinis), a species introduced to many countries and therefore widely available, for detecting endocrine-disrupting activity in water. exposure to β-naphthoflavone, an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (ahr) agonist, significantly increased the transcript of the cytochrome p4501a gene (cyp1a), peaking at 24 h, in both sexes at concentrations of 10 µg/l or more. 17β-estradiol (e(2) ) at 500 ng/l increased th ...201121882230
a novel herbal formulation against dengue vector mosquitoes aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus.the objective of this study was to develop a herbal formulation to control dengue vector mosquitoes. ponneem, a novel herbal formulation prepared using the oils of neem (azadirachta indica), karanj (pongamia glabra) and their extracts, was tested for larvicidal, ovicidal and oviposition deterrent activities against aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus at 1, 0.5, 0.3 and 0.1 ppm concentrations. cent percent larvicidal and ovicidal activities were observed at 0.1 ppm in the two mosquito species unde ...201122042505
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