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serum biochemical profile and molecular detection of pathogens in semen of infertile male dromedary camels (camelus dromedarius).detection of pathogens in the semen of camels has not been completely elucidated. therefore, the current study aimed to determine the association of some economically important pathogens with infertility in 94 male infertile camels through molecular detection and estimation of selected biochemical parameters in serum of these animals compared with a control non infected fertile animals (n=40). pcr analysis of semen samples of infertile camels indicated that, four potential pathogens namely mycop ...201728341394
molecular prevalence of putative virulence-associated genes in brucella melitensis and brucella abortus isolates from human and livestock specimens in iran.molecular prevalence of nine putative virulence factors in two more prevalent brucella species in iranian patients and livestock was investigated. during five years (2010-2015), 120 human and animal specimens were collected from three geographical areas of iran. all samples were cultured in blood culture media and subcultured into brucella agar medium. nine primer pairs were designed for detection of virb2, virb5, vcec, btpa, btpb, prpa, betb, bpe275 and bspb virulence factors using pcr and sequ ...201728284850
genome sequences of human and livestock isolates of brucella melitensis and brucella abortus from the country of georgia.brucellosis, which is among the most widespread global zoonotic diseases, is endemic in the nation of georgia and causes substantial human morbidity and economic loss. here, we report whole-genome sequences of three brucella melitensis and seven brucella abortus isolates from cattle, sheep, and humans that represent genetic groups discovered in georgia.201728183751
brucella abortus is prevalent in both humans and animals in bangladesh.to determine the role of different brucella (b.) spp. in bangladesh, 62 animal samples and 500 human sera were tested. animal samples from cattle, goats and sheep (including milk, bull semen, vaginal swabs and placentas) were cultured for brucella spp. three test-positive human sera and all animal samples were screened by brucella genus-specific real-time pcr (rt-pcr), and positive samples were then tested by is711 rt-pcr to detect b. abortus and b. melitensis dna. only b. abortus dna was amplif ...201728068003
rough brucella strain rm57 is attenuated and confers protection against brucella melitensis.brucella melitensis (b. melitensis) is a facultative intracellular pathogen, which is the main epidemic strain in china. to overcome disadvantages of traditional live attenuated vaccines, in this study a rough mutant rm57 was induced from a b. melitensis isolate m1981. in order to uncover the reason of changes in the lps of rm57, the nucleotide sequences and transcription levels of all known genes related to lps synthesis were detected. as lps plays an important role in outer membrane integrity, ...201728390976
whole genome sequencing of brucella melitensis isolated from 57 patients in germany reveals high diversity in strains from middle east.brucellosis, a worldwide common bacterial zoonotic disease, has become quite rare in northern and western europe. however, since 2014 a significant increase of imported infections caused by brucella (b.) melitensis has been noticed in germany. patients predominantly originated from middle east including turkey and syria. these circumstances afforded an opportunity to gain insights into the population structure of brucella strains. brucella-isolates from 57 patients were recovered between january ...201728388689
early animal farming and zoonotic disease dynamics: modelling brucellosis transmission in neolithic goat populations.zoonotic pathogens are frequently hypothesized as emerging with the origins of farming, but evidence of this is elusive in the archaeological records. to explore the potential impact of animal domestication on zoonotic disease dynamics and human infection risk, we developed a model simulating the transmission of brucella melitensis within early domestic goat populations. the model was informed by archaeological data describing goat populations in neolithic settlements in the fertile crescent, an ...201728386446
imported human brucellosis in belgium: bio and molecular typing of bacterial isolates, 1996-2015.the aim of this study was to characterize by classical biotyping and multi-locus variable number tandem repeats (vntr) analysis (mlva) all brucella spp. derived from human cases in belgium from 1996 to 2015. final goals were to determine the species and biovar, to trace-back on genetic grounds the origin of each strain when patient history and risk factors were missing, and to survey for particular trends at the national level.201728384245
omp31 plays an important role on outer membrane properties and intracellular survival of brucella melitensis in murine macrophages and hela cells.brucellosis is an infectious disease that affects practically all species of mammals, including human, and is a major zoonosis worldwide. brucella spp. are facultative intracellular pathogens that have the ability to survive and multiply in phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells such as trophoblast and epithelial cells. among the six recognized species of the genus brucella, brucella melitensis is the main etiological agent involved in goat brucellosis and is also the most pathogenic for human. it c ...201728382472
evaluation of a hypervariable octameric oligonucleotide fingerprints assay for identification of and discrimination between wild-type and vaccine strains of brucella melitensis.objective to evaluate a hypervariable octameric oligonucleotide fingerprints (hoof-prints) assay for identification of and discrimination between wild-type and vaccine strains of brucella melitensis. sample brucella melitensis vaccine strain m5 and wild-type strain m43. procedures 8 pairs of primers (alterable, octameric nucleotides) were designed on the basis of a biological analysis of 8 flanking sequences in the dna of b melitensis. the hoof-prints technique was used to identify wild-type and ...201728345992
a novel real-time pcr assay for specific detection of brucella melitensis.brucellosis is a zoonosis that occurs worldwide. the disease has been completely eradicated in livestock in sweden in 1994, and all cases of confirmed human brucellosis are imported into sweden from other countries. however, due to an increase in the number of refugees and asylum seekers from the middle-east to sweden, there is a need to improve the current diagnostic methodology for brucella melitensis. whilst culture of brucella species can be used as a diagnostic tool, real-time pcr approache ...201728340558
brucella melitensis virb12 recombinant protein is a potential marker for serodiagnosis of human brucellosis.the numerous drawbacks of current serological tests for diagnosis of brucellosis which mainly results from cross reactivity with lps from other gram-negative bacteria have generated an increasing interest to find more specific non-lps antigens. previous studies had indicated that brucella virb12 protein, a cell surface protein and component of type iv secretion system, induces antibody response during animal infection. however, this protein has not yet been tested as a serological diagnostic mar ...201728253917
brucella melitensis as causative agent for neck abscess in an endemic area.brucellosis, a zoonotic disease, is very common in the mediterranean basin and a major concern in livestock areas. we present a rare case of a brucella-caused abscess in the neck of a stock-breeder in an endemic greek area.201728251029
mlva genotyping characteristics of human brucella melitensis isolated from ulanqab of inner mongolia, china.brucellosis is a serious public health problem in ulanqab, which is a region located in the middle of the inner mongolia autonomous region adjacent to shanxi and hebei provinces. the disease is prevalent in both the latter provinces and ulanqab with the highest prevalence of brucellosis occurring in inner mongolia. the mlva-16 scheme is a genotyping tool for assessing genetic diversity and relationships among isolates. moreover, this genotyping tool can also be applied to epidemiological trace-b ...201728149294
identification of otpr regulated srnas in brucella melitensis expressed under acidic stress and their roles in pathogenesis and metabolism.small rnas (srnas) are the small regulatory molecules that regulate various biological processes in bacteria. though the functions of srnas are well documented, very little information is available on the srnas of brucella spp. the otpr is the response regulator of a two-component regulatory system, which plays a significant role in brucella virulence. in this study, we identified the srnas expressed in b. melitensis 16m and its otpr mutant under acidic stress from the rnaseq dataset. we identif ...201728131377
molecular epidemiological investigation of brucella melitensis circulating in mongolia by mlva16.mongolia has a high incidence of brucellosis in human and animals due to livestock husbandry. to investigate the genetic characteristics of mongolian b. melitensis, an mlva (multi-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis)-16 assay was performed with 94 b. melitensis isolates. they were identified as b. melitensis biovar (bv.) 1 (67), 3 (10) and rev. 1 vaccine strains (17) using a classical biotyping and multiplex pcr. in genotyping, three human isolates were grouped at 2 genotypes with sheep ...201728131373
severe thrombocytopenic purpura in a child with brucellosis: case presentation and review of the literature.brucellosis is still endemic and a significant public health problem in many mediterranean countries, including greece. it is a multisystemic disease with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations including hematological disorders, such as anemia, pancytopenia, leucopenia, and thrombocytopenia. thrombocytopenia is usually moderate and attributed to bone marrow suppression or hypersplenism. rarely, autoimmune stimulation can cause severe thrombocytopenia with clinically significant hemorrhagic ...201728127481
the bactec fx blood culture system detects brucella melitensis bacteremia in adult patients within the routine 1-week incubation period.the performance of the bactec fx blood culture system for detecting brucella bacteremia within the routine 1-week incubation period was assessed in a prospective study conducted in an area in southern israel in which brucella melitensis is endemic. aerobic vials (bd bactec plus aerobic/f medium) inoculated with blood specimens obtained from adult patients with positive rose-bengal screening test results were monitored for 4 consecutive weeks, and blind subcultures of negative vials were performe ...201728053214
repetitive extragenic palindromic dna sequences from brucella melitensis stimulate toll-like receptor 9 signaling in macrophages.brucella dna activates the host innate immune system via the intracellular toll-like receptor 9 (tlr9). however, the brucella dna sequences which are responsible for these immunostimulatory effects remain to be elucidated. the present study demonstrated that repetitive extragenic palindromic (reps) sequences present in brucella dna were able to stimulate macrophages through tlr9. the induction of interferon-α (ifn-α) production by brucella reps was detected in cultured raw264.7 mouse macrophages ...201727922679
outbreaks of brucellosis related to the consumption of unpasteurized camel milk.brucellosis is the most frequent zoonosis reported in qatar, mainly related to exposure to infected camels. an outbreak of human brucellosis in 14 members of a family living in a rural area in qatar is reported herein. clinical, epidemiological and laboratory results from all 14 patients with brucella and 12 non-confirmed family members were collected from files. all patients reported fever for a maximum of 14 days, associated with arthralgia (6 patients), weakness (4 patients), headache (4 pati ...201726796768
brucellosis and thrombosis of the inferior vena cava.we describe the case of a 23-year old woman with a newly diagnosed thrombosis of the inferior vena cava associated with a brucella melitensis infection. we suggest possible mechanisms leading to brucellosis-associated venous thrombosis and review 14 previously reported cases.
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treatment of pulmonary brucellosis: a systematic review.pulmonary involvement is a rare, focal complication of human brucellosis. the aim of this review is to describe clinical and radiologic features, treatment administered and clinical course of these patients. areas covered: we conducted a systematic search of scientific reports of brucellosis with pulmonary involvement published from january 1985 to july 2016. four main patterns of disease were observed: pneumonia, pleural effusion, nodules and interstitial pattern. cough and fever were the most ...201727790937
isolation of a novel 'atypical' brucella strain from a bluespotted ribbontail ray (taeniura lymma).a pleomorphic gram-negative, motile coccobacillus was isolated from the gills of a wild-caught bluespotted ribbontail ray after its sudden death during quarantine. strain 141012304 was observed to grow aerobically, to be clearly positive for cytochrome oxidase, catalase, urease and was initially identified as "brucella melitensis" or "ochrobactrum anthropi" by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and vitek2-compact(®), respectively. affiliation to the genu ...201727785661
the role of 'atypical' brucella in amphibians: are we facing novel emerging pathogens?to discuss together the novel cases of brucella infections in frogs with the results of published reports to extend our current knowledge on 'atypical' brucellae isolated from amphibians and to discuss the challenges we face on this extraordinary emerging group of pathogens.201727740712
dna-probe-target interaction based detection of brucella melitensis by using surface plasmon resonance.surface plasmon resonance (spr) immunosensor using 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-mba) modified gold (4-mba/au) spr chip was developed first time for the detection of brucella melitensis (b. melitensis) based on the screening of its complementary dna target by using two different newly designed dna probes of is711 gene. herein, interaction between dna probes and target molecule are also investigated and result revealed that the interaction is spontaneous. the kinetics and thermodynamic results derive ...201727665519
correction: brucella melitensis methionyl-trna-synthetase (metrs), a potential drug target for brucellosis.[this corrects the article doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160350.].201727658298
endovascular management of concomitant thoracic and abdominal aortic ruptures resulting from brucellosis aortitis.acute aortic symptomatology is an unusual manifestation of brucella melitensis infection. we present a rare case of acute multifocal thoracic and abdominal aortic ruptures arising from brucellosis aortitis managed exclusively with endovascular surgery.201727554701
antimicrobial susceptibility testing of brucella melitensis isolated from patients with acute brucellosis in a centre of iran.structured to purpose: human brucellosis is one of the most common zoonotic infections worldwide, which remains one of the major problems for public health. despite the world health organization's recommendation for human brucellosis treatment, sporadic cases of relapse have been reported. the aim of this study was to assess the susceptibility of brucella isolates to common antibiotics that are prescribed by the physician for the treatment of brucellosis and also to determine the minimum inhibit ...201727514957
development and application of dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent (dot-elisa) assay for detection of brucella melitensis and evaluation of the shedding pattern in infected goats.early and accurate diagnosis of brucella melitensis is essential for the treatment and control of brucellosis both in animals and humans. the thrust for the development of a rapid diagnostic technique to overcome the limitations of conventional microbiological and serological tests brought about this investigation on the development and application of dot-elisa for antigen and antibody detection in infected goats. fifteen apparently healthy boer aged 2-3 years which tested negative for brucellos ...201727494045
the first report of brucella suis biovar 1 isolation in human in turkey.brucella melitensis and b. abortus are the species generally isolated from human samples in turkey. several studies have also demonstrated the presence of antibodies against b. canis.201726947547
[epidemiology of caprine and ovine brucellosis in formosa province, argentina].an epidemiological study of brucellosis was carried out in 516 goats and mixed flocks (goat/sheep) from the three agro-ecological regions of formosa province, argentina. serum samples from a total of 25401 goats and 2453 sheeps were analyzed using buffered plate agglutination test (bpat) and complement fixation test (cft). bacteriological and pcr analyses on milk samples from goats in three flocks with a history of brucellosis and recent abortions were also performed. brucellosis was detected in ...201726969324
in silico design, cloning and high level expression of l7/l12-tomp31 fusion protein of brucella antigens.globally, brucella melitensis and b. abortus are the most common cause of human brucellosis. the outer membrane protein 31 (omp31) and l7/l12 are immunodominant and protective antigens conserved in human brucella pathogens which are considered as potential vaccine candidates. we aimed to design the fusion protein from brucella l7/l12 and truncated omp31proteins, in silico, clone the fusion in pet28a vector, and express it in escherichia coli host. two possible fusion forms, l7/l12-tomp31 and tom ...201726752992
identification of phosphoribosyl-amp cyclohydrolase, as drug target and its inhibitors in brucella melitensis bv. 1 16m using metabolic pathway analysis.brucella melitensis is a pathogenic gram-negative bacterium which is known for causing zoonotic diseases (brucellosis). the organism is highly contagious and has been reported to be used as bioterrorism agent against humans. several antibiotics and vaccines have been developed but these antibiotics have exhibited the sign of antibiotic resistance or ineffective at lower concentrations, which imposes an urgent need to identify the novel drugs/drug targets against this organism. in this work, meta ...201726725317
brucella melitensis dacryoadenitis: a case report.to present a case of brucellosis-related unilateral dacryoadenitis.201728226144
mucosal bacterial dissemination in a rhesus macaque model of experimental brucellosis.animals were experimentally infected with brucella melitensis via aerosol. b. melitensis was cultured from the saliva and vaginal vault of infected animals, corresponding to bacterial dissemination in other target tissues. this is the first report of bacterial dissemination to these mucosal surfaces in a non-human primate model of brucellosis.201728573738
trypanosoma infection favors brucella elimination via il-12/ifnγ-dependent pathways.this study develops an original co-infection model in mice using brucella melitensis, the most frequent cause of human brucellosis, and trypanosoma brucei, the agent of african trypanosomiasis. although the immunosuppressive effects of t. brucei in natural hosts and mice models are well established, we observed that the injection of t. brucei in mice chronically infected with b. melitensis induces a drastic reduction in the number of b. melitensis in the spleen, the main reservoir of the infecti ...201728824630
using real-time polymerase chain reaction as an alternative rapid method for enumeration of colony count in live brucella vaccines.brucellosis is a major bacterial zoonosis of global importance affecting a range of animal species and man worldwide. it has economic, public health, and bio-risk importance. control and prevention of animal brucellosis mainly depend on accurate diagnostic tools and implementation of effective and safe animal vaccination program. there are three types of animal brucella live vaccines - brucella melitensis rev-1 vaccine, brucella abortus s19, and b. abortus rb51. evaluation of these vaccines depe ...201728717311
brucella infection in asian sea otters (enhydra lutris lutris) on bering island, russia.infection with brucella spp., long known as a cause of abortion, infertility, and reproductive loss in domestic livestock, has increasingly been documented in marine mammals over the past two decades. we report molecular evidence of brucella infection in asian sea otters (enhydra lutris lutris). brucella dna was detected in 3 of 78 (4%) rectal swab samples collected between 2004 and 2006 on bering island, russia. these 78 animals had previously been documented to have a brucella seroprevalence o ...201728715292
evaluation of plasma sphingosine 1-phosphate, hepcidin and cardiovascular damage biomarkers (cardiac troponin i and homocysteine) in rats infected with brucellosis and vaccinated (rev-1, rb-51).brucellosis is known as one of important zoonosis. studying the histological and biochemical effects of the disease could help to increase our knowledge about it. the aim of the present study was to evaluate changes of plasma parameters after intraperitoneal injection of two species of brucella (brucella melitensis and brucella abortus) and two vaccines (rev-1, rb-51) in the rat. forty male rats were divided into five groups (n = 8 in each group). two groups received suspensions of brucella abor ...201728533142
molecular investigation of virulence factors of brucella melitensis and brucella abortus strains isolated from clinical and non-clinical samples.brucella is zoonotic pathogen that induces abortion and sterility in domestic mammals and chronic infections in humans called malta fever. it is a facultative intracellular potential pathogen with high infectivity. the virulence of brucella is dependent upon its potential virulence factors such as enzymes and cell envelope associated virulence genes. the aim of this study was to investigate the brucella virulence factors among strains isolated from humans and animals in different parts of iran. ...201728506887
a novel pcr assay for detecting brucella abortus and brucella melitensis.brucellosis is a major zoonotic disease that poses a significant public health threat worldwide. the classical bacteriological detection process used to identify brucella spp. is difficult and time-consuming. this study aimed to develop a novel molecular assay for detecting brucellosis.201728443226
protein/protein, dna/dna and dna/protein based vaccination strategies using truncated omp2b against brucella infection in balb/c mice.the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the truncated form of outer membrane protein 2b (tomp2b) from brucella abortus in balb/c mice. three immunization regimens protein/protein, dna/dna and dna/protein were used. immunization of mice with all vaccine strategies elicited a strong specific igg responses (igg2a titers over igg1) and provided t helper1 (th1) oriented immune responses. furthermore, protein/protein (pro/pro-) and dna/pro- vaccin ...201728391992
whole-genome sequences of brucella melitensis strain qy1, isolated from sheep in gansu, china.the facultative intracellular gram-negative bacterium brucella melitensis causes brucellosis in domestic and wild mammals, and it is a dominant pathogen responsible for human disease. this study reports the whole-genome sequencing of b. melitensis strain qy1, isolated from sheep suffering from abortion and arthritis in 2015 in gansu, china.201728860252
caprine brucellosis: a historically neglected disease with significant impact on public health.caprine brucellosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by the gram-negative cocci-bacillus brucella melitensis. middle- to late-term abortion, stillbirths, and the delivery of weak offspring are the characteristic clinical signs of the disease that is associated with an extensive negative impact in a flock's productivity. b. melitensis is also the most virulent brucella species for humans, responsible for a severely debilitating and disabling illness that results in high morbidity with inter ...201728817647
systems biology analysis of temporal in vivo brucella melitensis and bovine transcriptomes predicts host:pathogen protein-protein interactions.to date, fewer than 200 gene-products have been identified as brucella virulence factors, and most were characterized individually without considering how they are temporally and coordinately expressed or secreted during the infection process. here, we describe and analyze the in vivo temporal transcriptional profile of brucella melitensis during the initial 4 h interaction with cattle. pathway analysis revealed an activation of the "two component system" providing evidence that the in vivo bruc ...201728798726
genome sequences of brucella melitensis, isolated from blood samples of brucellosis patients in malaysia.human brucellosis is a neglected zoonotic disease and has widespread geographical distribution. brucella melitensis has caused outbreaks and sporadic cases in malaysia. here, we present the whole-genome sequences of four b. melitensis strains isolated from brucellosis patients in malaysia.201728774972
[hoof genotyping characteristics of brucella melitensis strains isolated in ulanqab of inner mongolia autonomous region].objective: to investigate the hoof genotyping characteristics of 83 brucella (b.) melitensis strains isolated in ulanqab of inner mongolia autonomous region from 2012 to 2015. methods: a total of 83 b. melitensis strains were detected by convention identification and amos-pcr, then hoof protocol with eight vntr locus were used for the genotyping of the strains, and the allelic diversity of each vntr locus and the discriminatory power of vntr typing of hoof were assessed by hunter-gaston discrimi ...201728738473
comparative study of immunopathophysiological responses induced by b. melitensis and its lipopolysaccharide in mouse model infected via intranasal route of exposure.in this study, we developed a mouse model and characterized the effects of intranasal inoculation of virulent brucella melitensis strain 16m and its lipopolysaccharide (lps). the effects of the exposure were compared with respective control groups. both brucella melitensis-infected and lps-infected groups showed no significant clinical presentation with minor relevance in the mortality associated with the infection. in brucella melitensis-infected group, significant histopathological changes in ...201728710016
brucella pericarditis: a forgotten cause of chest pain.brucellosis pericarditis is an extremely rare involvement of the cardiovascular system with brucella species that has worldwide distribution and is endemic in many provinces of iran.201728702152
in vitro synergistic effects of a short cationic peptide and clinically used antibiotics against drug-resistant isolates of brucella melitensis.in the last few decades, increasing microbial resistance to common antibiotics has attracted researchers' attention to the development of new classes of antibiotics such as antimicrobial peptides. accordingly, the aim of the current study was to evaluate antimicrobial effects of the cm11 peptide alone and combined with common antibiotics against drug-resistant isolates of brucella melitensis.201728699872
human brucella melitensis infections in southern vietnam. 201728669842
comparative diagnostic evaluation of omp31 gene based taqman® real-time pcr assay with visual lamp assay and indirect elisa for caprine brucellosis.brucellosis is one of the leading causes of abortion in domestic animals that imposes costs on both economy and society. the disease is highly zoonotic and poses risk to animal handlers due to its zoonotic nature. it causes stillbirth, loss of kids and abortion in last term of pregnancy. reproductive damage includes infertility in does and orchitis and epididymitis in breeding bucks, which result in high financial losses to farmers and the agriculture industry as a whole. it requires highly sens ...201728638960
biochemical characterization of wbkc, an n-formyltransferase from brucella melitensis.it has become increasingly apparent within the last several years that unusual n-formylated sugars are often found on the o-antigens of such gram negative pathogenic organisms as francisella tularensis, campylobacter jejuni, and providencia alcalifaciens, among others. indeed, in some species of brucella, for example, the o-antigen contains 1,2-linked 4-formamido-4,6-dideoxy-α-d-mannosyl groups. these sugars, often referred to as n-formylperosamine, are synthesized in pathways initiating with gd ...201728636341
endogenous brucella endophthalmitis: a case report.brucellosis may be associated with a wide range of ophthalmic manifestations including endophthalmitis, which is a sight-threatening condition that needs to be rapidly recognized and treated to avoid permanent visual loss. a 26-year-old female with a 6-month history of vision loss in the left eye was treated with high dose systemic corticosteroids and azathioprine with an initial misdiagnosis elsewhere. a dense vitreous haze with opacities at the posterior hyaloid and a wide area of retinochoroi ...201728559723
brucella melitensis prosthetic joint infection.periprosthetic joint infection (pji) due to brucella spp. is rare. we report a case in a 75-year-old man and review 29 additional cases identified in a literature search. the diagnosis of brucella pji is challenging, in particular in non-endemic countries. serological tests prior to joint aspiration or surgical intervention are reasonable. involvement of infection control and timely information to laboratory personnel is mandatory upon diagnosis. there is no uniform treatment concept, neither wi ...201728540150
transcriptional control of the lateral-flagellar genes of bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens.bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens, a soybean n2-fixing symbiont, possesses a dual flagellar system comprising a constitutive subpolar flagellum and inducible lateral flagella. here, we analyzed the genomic organization and biosynthetic regulation of the lateral-flagellar genes. we found that these genes are located in a single genomic cluster, organized in two monocistronic transcriptional units and three operons, one possibly containing an internal transcription start site. among the monocistronic ...201728533217
characterization of novel omp31 antigenic epitopes of brucella melitensis by monoclonal antibodies.brucellosis is a severe zoonotic disease worldwide. detection and identification of brucella species are essential to prevent or treat brucellosis in humans and animals. the outer membrane protein-31 (omp31) is a major protein of brucellae except for b. abortus, while the omp31 antigenic epitopes have not been extensively characterized yet.201728506316
brucella melitensis m5-90δbp26 as a potential live vaccine that allows for the distinction between natural infection and immunization.brucella is gram-negative intracellular bacterial pathogen that infects humans and animals and contributes to great economic losses in developing countries. presently, live attenuated brucella vaccines (brucella melitensis m5-90) are the most effective means of brucellosis control and prevention in animals. however, these vaccines have several drawbacks, such as an inability to distinguish between a natural infection and immunization and an association with abortions in pregnant animals. therefo ...201728482164
a case report of pediatric brucellosis in an algerian immigrant.an 8-year old girl presented to our facility with a 10-day history of fever, fatigue, abdominal pain and refusal to walk. she recently travelled from her native algeria where she first developed symptoms. on evaluation, she was ill-appearing, febrile and tachycardic with hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy noted on examination. a strong musty odor was also noted from the child. laboratory evaluation revealed pancytopenia, hyponatremia, and an elevated ast, alt, and ldh. malaria testing was ne ...201728480256
high throughput virtual screening to identify novel natural product inhibitors for methionyltrna-synthetase of brucella melitensis.the brucella melitensis methionyl-trna-synthetase (metrsbm) is a promising target for brucellosis drug development. the virtual screening of large libraries of a drug like molecules against a protein target is a common strategy used to identify novel inhibitors. a high throughput virtual screening was performed to identify hits to the potential antibrucellosis drug target, metrsbm. the best inhibitor identified from the literature survey was 1312, 1415, and 1430. in the virtual screening 56,400 ...201728479744
cd14 gene silencing alters the microrna expression profile of raw264.7 cells stimulated by brucella melitensis infection.innate recognition of brucella spp. is a key step in the activation of inflammation. cd14 binds pamps and is involved in lps-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine release. previously we showed that knock down of cd14 in raw264.7 macrophages disrupted brucella-host interactions. however, its effect on the macrophage microrna (mirna) expression profile, especially after stimulation by brucella infection, is still unclear. to identify mirnas involved in the macrophage response to brucella infection, we ...201728443393
identification of immune effectors essential to the control of primary and secondary intranasal infection with brucella melitensis in mice.the mucosal immune system represents the first line of defense against brucella infection in nature. we used genetically deficient mice to identify the lymphocytes and signaling pathways implicated in the control of primary and secondary intranasal infection with b. melitensis our analysis of primary infection demonstrated that the effectors implicated differ at the early and late stages and are dependent on the organ. tcr-δ, tap1, and il-17ra deficiency specifically affects early control of bru ...201627036913
comparative transcriptome analysis of brucella melitensis in an acidic environment: identification of the two-component response regulator involved in the acid resistance and virulence of brucella.brucella melitensis, encounters a very stressful environment in phagosomes, especially low ph levels. so identifying the genes that contribute to the replication and survival within an acidic environment is critical in understanding the pathogenesis of the brucella bacteria. in our research, comparative transcriptome with rna-seq were used to analyze the changes of genes in normal-medium culture and in ph4.4-medium culture. the results reveal that 113 genes expressed with significant differences ...201626691825
rna-seq reveals the critical role of cspa in regulating brucella melitensis metabolism and virulence.brucella melitensis is a facultative intracellular bacterium that replicates within macrophages. the ability of brucella to survive and multiply in the hostile environment of host macrophages is essential for its virulence. the cold shock protein cspa plays an important role in the virulence of b. melitensis. to analyze the genes regulated by cspa, the whole transcriptomes of b. melitensis niδcspa and its parental wild-type strain, b. melitensis ni, were sequenced and analyzed using the solexa/i ...201626740105
characterization of ribonuclease iii from brucella.bacterial ribonuclease iii (rnase iii) is a highly conserved endonuclease, which plays pivotal roles in rna maturation and decay pathways by cleaving double-stranded structure of rnas. here we cloned rncs gene from the genomic dna of brucella melitensis, and analyzed the cleavage properties of rnase iii from brucella. we identified brucella-encoding small rna (srna) by high-throughput sequencing and northern blot, and found that srna of brucella and homo mirna precursor (pre-mirna) can be bound ...201626778206
prevalence and risk factors for foot and mouth disease infection in small ruminants in israel.during the last decade, 27% of the foot and mouth disease (fmd) outbreaks in israel affected small ruminant (sr) farms. fmd outbreaks reoccur in israel despite vaccination of all livestock and application of control measures. we performed a cross-sectional serological study, aimed at estimating the prevalence of fmd infection in sr in israel and the possible risk factors for infection. overall, 2305 samples of adult sheep (n=1948) and goats (n=357) were collected during 2011-14 in two separate s ...201626774447
cxcr2 mediates brucella-induced arthritis in interferon γ-deficient mice.brucella species are facultative intracellular gram-negative bacteria that cause brucellosis, a common global zoonosis. infection of the joints is the most common focal complication of brucellosis in humans. the purpose of this study was to identify mediators of focal inflammation during brucellosis.201626951819
evaluation of quantum dot immunofluorescence and a digital cmos imaging system as an alternative to conventional organic fluorescence dyes and laser scanning for quantifying protein microarrays.organic fluorescent dyes are widely used for the visualization of bound antibody in a variety of immunofluorescence assays. however, the detection equipment is often expensive, fragile, and hard to deploy widely. quantum dots (qdot) are nanocrystals made of semiconductor materials that emit light at different wavelengths according to the size of the crystal, with increased brightness and stability. here, we have evaluated a small benchtop "personal" optical imager (arraycam) developed for quanti ...201626842269
brucella vulpis sp. nov., isolated from mandibular lymph nodes of red foxes (vulpes vulpes).two slow-growing, gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, coccoid bacteria (strains f60t and f965), isolated in austria from mandibular lymph nodes of two red foxes (vulpes vulpes), were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic analysis. in a recent study, both isolates were assigned to the genus brucella but could not be attributed to any of the existing species. hence, we have analysed both strains in further detail to determine their exact taxonomic position and genetic relatedness to other ...201626928956
the brucella melitensis m5-90 phosphoglucomutase (pgm) mutant is attenuated and confers protection against wild-type challenge in balb/c mice.brucellae are gram-negative intracellular bacterial pathogens that infect humans and animals, bringing great economic burdens to developing countries. live attenuated brucella vaccines (strain m5-90 or others) are the most efficient means for prevention and control of animal brucellosis. however, these vaccines have several drawbacks, including residual virulence in animals, and difficulties in differentiating natural infection from vaccine immunization, which limit their application. a vaccine ...201626925620
first case of human brucellosis caused by brucella melitensis in korea. 201627139618
a novel recombinant multi-epitope protein against brucella melitensis infection.live, attenuated brucella vaccines are considered effective but can induce abortions in pregnant animals and are potentially infectious to humans. there is a strong need to improve the immunoprotective effects and safety of vaccines against brucella. currently, subunit vaccines have been demonstrated to be safe and efficacious alternatives in both humans and animals. in this study, we employed bioinformatics tools to predict b and t cell epitopes to aid development of a novel recombinant multi-e ...201627133932
brucellosis outbreak in children and adults in two areas in israel.two parallel outbreaks of brucella melitensis infection occurred in 2014 in two geographical areas in israel. in two medical centers in northern israel and one medical center in jerusalem, 102 patients (58 children, 47 adults) were diagnosed with brucellosis. most patients (n = 76, 72%) were muslim arabs, 28 (27%) were druze, and one was jewish. the source of infection was often traced to cheese from the palestinian authority. biovar-1 was evident in 98% in northern israel but only in 42% in jer ...201627114301
large-scale identification of small noncoding rna with strand-specific deep sequencing and characterization of a novel virulence-related srna in brucella melitensis.brucella is the causative agent of brucellosis, a worldwide epidemic zoonosis. small noncoding rnas (srnas) are important modulators of gene expression and involved in pathogenesis and stress adaptation of brucella. in this study, using a strand-specific rna deep-sequencing approach, we identified a global set of srnas expressed by b. melitensis 16m. in total, 1321 srnas were identified, ranging from 100 to 600 nucleotides. these srnas differ in their expression levels and strand and chromosomal ...201627112796
[expression and identification of eukaryotic expression vectors of brucella melitensis lipoprotein omp19].to construct eukaryotic expression vectors carrying brucella melitensis outer membrane protein 19 (omp19), express them in transfected huh7.5.1 and jeg-3 cells, and analyze their role in cell apoptosis.201627053612
isolation & characterization of brucella melitensis isolated from patients suspected for human brucellosis in india.brucellosis is endemic in the southern part of india. a combination of biochemical, serological and molecular methods is required for identification and biotyping of brucella. the present study describes the isolation and biochemical, molecular characterization of brucella melitensis from patients suspected for human brucellosis.201627488010
an nmr-guided screening method for selective fragment docking and synthesis of a warhead inhibitor.selective hits for the glutaredoxin ortholog of brucella melitensis are determined using std nmr and verified by trnoe and (15)n-hsqc titration. the most promising hit, rk207, was docked into the target molecule using a scoring function to compare simulated poses to experimental data. after elucidating possible poses, the hit was further optimized into the lead compound by extension with an electrophilic acrylamide warhead. we believe that focusing on selectivity in this early stage of drug disc ...201627438815
an analysis of children with brucellosis associated with haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.this retrospective study included seven paediatric cases aged from 4 to 14 (10.2±3.4) years with pathologically proved haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis from a single institution during 2009 and 2013. over this time period, 496 patients with brucellosis were diagnosed. none of the patients (3 boys and 4 girls) had a history of any haematologic disorder. all patients had an anamnesis for recently consumed unpasteurised homemade dairy products or had a contact history with sheep and/or cows. the ...201627367321
brucella tir-like protein tcpb/btp1 specifically targets the host adaptor protein mal/tirap to promote infection.brucella spp. are known to avoid host immune recognition and weaken the immune response to infection. brucella like accomplish this by employing two clever strategies, called the stealth strategy and hijacking strategy. the tir domain-containing protein (tcpb/btp1) of brucella melitensis is thought to be involved in inhibiting host nf-κb activation by binding to adaptors downstream of toll-like receptors. however, of the five tir domain-containing adaptors conserved in mammals, whether myd88 or ...201627311859
[brucella melitensis (bm) bacteremia in hospitalized adult patients in southern israel].southern israel is endemic for brucella melitensis (bm) infection.201627215118
latex agglutination using the periplasmic proteins antigen of brucella melitensis is a successful, rapid, and specific serodiagnostic test for ovine brucellosis.brucellosis, especially caused by brucella melitensis, is considered the most-widespread zoonosis in the world, particularly in developing countries. this study was planned to develop an accurate test for diagnosis of ovine brucellosis using a specific hot saline extracted soluble brucella melitensis periplasmic proteins (sbpps). the efficacy of the latex agglutination test (lat) using sbpps compared to the rose bengal test (rbt), buffered plate agglutination test (bpat), serum agglutination tes ...201627207442
cases of human brucellosis in sweden linked to middle east and africa.human brucellosis cases are still reported each year in sweden despite eradication of the disease in animals. epidemiological investigation has never been conducted to trace back the source of human infection in the country. the purpose of the study was to identify the source of infection for 16 human brucellosis cases that occurred in sweden, during the period 2008-2012.201627188619
acute abdomen caused by brucellar hepatic abscess.brucellosis, a zoonosis that is common worldwide, is endemic in many countries, primarily those of the mediterranean region (including turkey). human brucellosis is a systemic infection with a wide clinical spectrum. although hepatic involvement is very common during the course of chronic brucellosis, hepatic abscess is a very rare complication of brucella spp. infection. we present a case of hepatic abscess caused by brucella melitensis, which resembled the clinical presentation of surgical acu ...201626526924
systematic review of brucellosis in the middle east: disease frequency in ruminants and humans and risk factors for human infection.a systematic review of studies providing frequency estimates of brucellosis in humans and ruminants and risk factors for brucella spp. seropositivity in humans in the middle east was conducted to collate current knowledge of brucellosis in this region. eight databases were searched for peer-reviewed original arabic, english, french and persian journal articles; the search was conducted on june 2014. two reviewers evaluated articles for inclusion based on pre-defined criteria. of 451 research art ...201626508323
endogenous endophthalmitis caused by brucella melitensis.brucella is an intracellular gram-negative pathogen that acts as a facultative parasite. b. melitensis endogenous endophthalmitis is quite rare. we herein report an unusual case of b. melitensis endophthalmitis with a good outcome after appropriate management.201626444521
infection is the major trigger of hemophagocytic syndrome in adult patients treated with biological therapies.hemophagocytic syndromes (hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, hlh) are characterized by a wide range of etiologies, symptoms, and outcomes, but have a common etiopathogenic pathway leading to organ damage: an excessive inflammatory response. biological therapies have been proposed as a therapeutic option for refractory hlh, but have also been related to the development of hlh in severe immunosuppressed patients.201626277577
heterologous strategy enhancing the sensitivity of the fluorescence polarization immunoassay of clinafloxacin in goat milk.clinafloxacin is used for the treatment of disease in food-producing animals, e.g. brucella melitensis, which often occurs in goats; however, the clinafloxacin residue in goat milk may harm human health and result in the development of drug-resistant bacterial strains or allergies. despite this, there is not a rapid, sensitive and accurate analytical method in goat milk for rapid screening or monitoring purposes.201625914021
let there be light! bioluminescent imaging to study bacterial pathogenesis in live animals and plants.: bioluminescence imaging (bli) of bacteria was primarily designed to permit real-time, sensitive, and noninvasive monitoring of the progression of infection in live animals. generally, bli relies on the construction of bacterial strains that possess the lux operon. the lux operon is composed of a set of genes that encode the luciferase enzyme and its cognate substrate, which interact to produce light-a phenomenon that is referred to as bioluminescence. bioluminescence emitted by the bacteria ca ...201625395174
brucella melitensis methionyl-trna-synthetase (metrs), a potential drug target for brucellosis.we investigated brucella melitensis methionyl-trna-synthetase (bmmetrs) with molecular, structural and phenotypic methods to learn if bmmetrs is a promising target for brucellosis drug development. recombinant bmmetrs was expressed, purified from wild type brucella melitensis biovar abortus 2308 strain atcc/crp #dd-156 and screened by a thermal melt assay against a focused library of one hundred previously classified methionyl-trna-synthetase inhibitors of the blood stage form of trypanosoma bru ...201627500735
immune response induced by conjunctival immunization with polymeric antigen blsomp31 using a thermoresponsive and mucoadhesive in situ gel as vaccine delivery system for prevention of ovine brucellosis.control of ovine brucellosis with subcellular vaccines can solve some drawbacks associated with the use of brucella melitensis rev.1. previous studies have demonstrated that the polymeric antigen blsomp31 administered by parenteral route was immunogenic and conferred significant protection against b. ovis in rams. immunization with blsomp31 by conjunctival route could be efficient for the induction of mucosal and systemic immune responses. in this work, we evaluated the conjunctival immunization ...201627496742
brucellosis in a refugee who migrated from syria to germany and lessons learnt, 2016.a teenage woman migrating from syria arrived in may 2015 in germany. she gave birth to a healthy child in early 2016, but became febrile shortly after delivery. blood cultures revealed brucella melitensis. in retrospect, she reported contact with sheep in syria and recurrent pain in the hip joints over about five months before diagnosis of brucellosis. we discuss consequences for adequate treatment of mother and child as well as for clinical and laboratory management.201627525454
genetic characterization and comparative genome analysis of brucella melitensis isolates from india.brucellosis is the most frequent zoonotic disease worldwide, with over 500,000 new human infections every year. brucella melitensis, the most virulent species in humans, primarily affects goats and the zoonotic transmission occurs by ingestion of unpasteurized milk products or through direct contact with fetal tissues. brucellosis is endemic in india but no information is available on population structure and genetic diversity of brucella spp. in india. we performed multilocus sequence typing of ...201627525259
human brucellosis in south africa: public health and diagnostic pitfalls.human brucellosis in south africa (sa) is under-diagnosed and under-reported. this is because many clinicians have little or no experience in managing affected patients, and in part because of the nonspecific and insidious nature of the disease. a case of human brucellosis caused by brucella melitensis in a patient from the western cape province of sa is described, and the resulting exposure of staff members at two medical microbiology laboratories, as well as the public health investigation tha ...201627601111
identification of brucella melitensis rev.1 vaccine-strain genetic markers: towards understanding the molecular mechanism behind virulence attenuation.brucella melitensis rev.1 is an avirulent strain that is widely used as a live vaccine to control brucellosis in small ruminants. although an assembled draft version of rev.1 genome has been available since 2009, this genome has not been investigated to characterize this important vaccine. in the present work, we used the draft genome of rev.1 to perform a thorough genomic comparison and sequence analysis to identify and characterize the panel of its unique genetic markers. the draft genome of r ...201627595444
clinical and diagnostic aspects of brucellosis and antimicrobial susceptibility of brucella isolates in hamedan, iran.current drug regimens for brucellosis are associated with relatively high rates of therapeutic failure or relapse. reduced antimicrobial susceptibility of brucella spp. has been proposed recently as a potential cause of therapeutic failure. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antibiotic resistance pattern of brucella melitensis clinical isolates by e-test method in hamadan, west of iran. in a 15-month period, all patients with suspected brucellosis were enrolled. blood specimens were colle ...201627580575
implantable cardioverter device infection due to brucella melitensis in two patients. 201627727012
human brucellosis in france in the 21st century: results from national surveillance 2004-2013.brucellosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease mainly transmitted to humans by ruminants. in france, brucellosis has disappeared from ruminants herds. human brucellosis surveillance is performed through mandatory notification and the national reference center.201627717526
omp31 of brucella melitensis 16m impairs the apoptosis of macrophages triggered by tnf-α.outer membrane proteins (omps) of microorganisms play important roles in directly interacting with host cells. brucella species inhibit the apoptosis of host cells to benefit their own intracellular survival and replication. however, the association between omp31 of brucella and host cell apoptosis, and the underlying mechanism are unclear. in this study, an omp31 gene deletion mutant based on b. melitensis 16m was constructed. following the infection of raw264.7 cells with b. melitensis 16m or ...201627698784
immuno-pathophysiological responses of mouse model to experimental infection with brucella melitensis and its lipopolysaccharides via intraperitoneal route.brucella melitensis is one of the major zoonotic pathogens with significant economic implications worldwide. the pathogenicity is complex and not always well understood. lipopolysaccharide (lps) remains the major virulent factor of b. melitensis and responsible for the mechanism by which the pathogen causes its deleterious effects. in this study, 84 mice of 6-8 weeks old of both sexes were divided equally into 3 groups; namely brucella melitensis infected group, lipopolysaccharide (lps) infected ...201627591112
isolation and identification of brucella melitensis biovar 3 from vaccinated small ruminants: a public health threat in kosovo.in 2011, a human brucellosis case with severe clinical symptoms was reported at the university clinic for infectious diseases in prishtina, kosovo. a trace-back investigation was conducted to find the source of human infection. a total of 49 blood samples and 15 corresponding milk samples from sheep and goats raised on the patient's farm were taken for serological and molecular analysis. serology using rbt and cft revealed 11 positive animals. twelve milk samples were pcr positive. a brucella st ...201625704160
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