Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| deep sequencing leads to the identification of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5a as a key element in rsv1-mediated lethal systemic hypersensitive response to soybean mosaic virus infection in soybean. | rsv1, a single dominant resistance locus in soybean, confers extreme resistance to the majority of soybean mosaic virus (smv) strains, but is susceptible to the g7 strain. in rsv1-genotype soybean, g7 infection provokes a lethal systemic hypersensitive response (lshr), a delayed host defence response. the rsv1-mediated lshr signalling pathway remains largely unknown. in this study, we employed a genome-wide investigation to gain an insight into the molecular interplay between smv g7 and rsv1-gen ... | 2017 | 27019403 |
| complete nucleotide sequences of seven soybean mosaic viruses (smv), isolated from wild soybeans (glycine soja) in china. | soybean mosaic virus (smv) is a devastating plant virus classified in the family potyviridae, and known to infect cultivated soybeans (glycine max). in this study, seven new smvs were isolated from wild soybean samples and analyzed by whole-genome sequencing. an updated smv phylogeny was built with the seven new and 83 known smv genomic sequences. results showed that three northeastern smv isolates were distributed in clade iii and iv, while four southern smvs were grouped together in clade ii a ... | 2017 | 27909932 |
| characterization of a soybean mosaic virus variant causing different diseases in glycine max and nicotiana benthamiana. | we discovered a soybean mosaic virus (smv) variant (4278-1) that caused systemic infections in nicotiana benthamiana plants, resulting in stem stunting and leaf shriveling. the virus had a particle morphology and incubation period similar to those of other smv isolates but differed from them in the leaf symptoms it caused when infecting soybean and n. benthamiana. the genome of this variant consisted of a 9994-nt single-stranded rna, which was different from most of the other known smv isolates ... | 2017 | 27804020 |
| inheritance, fine-mapping, and candidate gene analyses of resistance to soybean mosaic virus strain sc5 in soybean. | soybean mosaic virus (smv) is one of the most devastating pathogens for soybeans in china. among the country-wide 22 strains, sc5 dominates in huang-huai and changjiang valleys. for controlling its damage, the resistance gene was searched through mendelian inheritance study, gene fine-mapping, and candidate gene analysis combined with qrt-pcr (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) analysis. the parents f1, f2, and rils (recombinant inbred lines) of the cross kefeng-1 (resistance, r) ... | 2017 | 28352959 |
| robust rnai-mediated resistance to infection of seven potyvirids in soybean expressing an intron hairpin nib rna. | viral pathogens, such as soybean mosaic virus (smv), are a major constraint in soybean production and often cause significant yield loss and quality deterioration. engineering resistance by rnai-mediated gene silencing is a powerful strategy for controlling viral diseases. in this study, a 248-bp inverted repeat of the replicase (nuclear inclusion b, nib) gene was isolated from the smv sc3 strain, driven by the leaf-specific rbcs2 promoter from phaseolus vulgaris, and introduced into soybean. th ... | 2017 | 28840434 |
| rnai-mediated smv p3 cistron silencing confers significantly enhanced resistance to multiple potyvirus strains and isolates in transgenic soybean. | robust rnai-mediated resistance to multiple potyvirus strains and isolates, but not to secovirus bpmv, was conferred by expressing a short smv p3 hairpin in soybean plants. engineering resistance to multiple potyvirus strains is of great interest because of a wide variability of the virus strains, and mixed infections of multiple viruses or strains commonly associated with field grown soybean. in this study, rnai-mediated silencing of the soybean mosaic virus (smv) p3 cistron, which is reported ... | 2017 | 28756582 |
| fine-mapping and identification of a novel locus rsc15 underlying soybean resistance to soybean mosaic virus. | rsc15, a novel locus underlying soybean resistance to smv, was fine mapped to a 95-kb region on chromosome 6. the rsc15- mediated resistance is likely attributed to the gene gmpex14 , the relative expression of which was highly correlated with the accumulation of h 2 o 2 along with the activities of pod and cat during the early stages of smv infection in rn-9. soybean mosaic virus (smv) causes severe yield losses and seed quality deterioration in soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] worldwide. a ser ... | 2017 | 28825113 |
| downregulation of genes coding for core rnai components and disease resistance proteins via corresponding micrornas might be correlated with successful smv infection in soybean. | plants protect themselves from virus infections by several different defense mechanisms. rna interference (rnai) is one prominent antiviral mechanism, which requires the participation of ago (argonaute) and dicer/dcl (dicer-like) proteins. effector-triggered immunity (eti) is an antiviral mechanism mediated by resistance (r) genes, most of which encode nbs-lrr family proteins. micrornas (mirnas) play important regulatory roles in plants, including regulation of host defenses. smv (soybean mosaic ... | 2017 | 28695996 |
| over-expression of gmsn1 enhances virus resistance in arabidopsis and soybean. | gmsn1 enhances virus resistance in plants most likely by affecting the expression of signal transduction and immune response genes. soybean mosaic virus (smv) infection causes severe symptom and leads to massive yield loss in soybean (glycine max). by comparative analyzing gene expression in the smv-resistant soybean cultivar rsmv1 and the susceptible cultivar ssmv1 at a transcriptome level, we found that a subgroup of gibberellic acid stimulated transcript (gast) genes were down-regulated in sm ... | 2017 | 28656325 |
| the current status of the soybean-soybean mosaic virus (smv) pathosystem. | soybean mosaic virus (smv) is one of the most devastating pathogens that cost huge economic losses in soybean production worldwide. due to the duplicated genome, clustered and highly homologous nature of r genes, as well as recalcitrant to transformation, soybean disease resistance studies is largely lagging compared with other diploid crops. in this review, we focus on the major advances that have been made in identifying both the virulence/avirulence factors of smv and mapping of smv resistant ... | 2016 | 27965641 |
| fine mapping of the rsv1-h gene in the soybean cultivar suweon 97 that confers resistance to two chinese strains of the soybean mosaic virus. | the rsv1 - h gene in cultivar suweon 97, which confers resistance to smvs, was mapped to a 97.5-kb location (29,815,195-29,912,667 bp on chromosome 13) in the rsv1 locus, thereby providing additional insights into the molecular nature underlying variations in resistance alleles in this particular locus. soybean mosaic virus (smv) is a well-known devastating pathogen of soybean (glycine max (l.) merrill.) causing significant yield losses and seed quality deterioration. a single dominant allele, r ... | 2016 | 27544525 |
| development of methodologies for virus detection in soybean and wheat seeds. | seeds that contain large amounts of oil, starch, fibers and phenols are the most difficult tissues for rna extraction. currently, there are some reports of virus detection in seeds using commercial kits for rna extraction. however, individual seeds were used, which may not be always suitable for analyses that deal with large amounts of seeds. sangha [1] described a simple, quick and efficient protocol for rna extraction and downstream applications in a group of seeds of jatropha (jatropha curcas ... | 2016 | 27408831 |
| development of a lateral-flow assay (lfa) for rapid detection of soybean mosaic virus. | soybean mosaic virus (smv) is the most common virus in soybean and poses a serious threat to crop production and germplasm recession in many countries worldwide. in this study, a highly practical and rapid lateral-flow assay (lfa) was developed for the detection of smv. the smv coat protein (cp) was prokaryotically expressed and purified to immunize mice. after generation of hybridoma cell lines, four anti-smv monoclonal antibodies were selected. the lfa-strip was then assembled using a double-a ... | 2016 | 27235541 |
| water stress modulates soybean aphid performance, feeding behavior, and virus transmission in soybean. | little is known about how water stress including drought and flooding modifies the ability of plants to resist simultaneous attack by insect feeding and transmission of insect-vectored pathogen. we analyzed insect population growth, feeding behaviors, virus transmission, and plant amino acid profiles and defense gene expression to characterize mechanisms underlying the interaction between water stress, soybean aphid and aphid-transmitted, soybean mosaic virus, on soybean plants. population growt ... | 2016 | 27200027 |
| transfer of the rsv3 locus from 'harosoy' for resistance to soybean mosaic virus strains c and d in japan. | resistance to soybean mosaic virus (smv) is imperative for soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.) production in the tohoku region. molecular markers for smv resistance were previously reported for u.s. smv strains, but they cannot be applied because of the differences in strain classification between japan and the u.s. a u.s. variety 'harosoy' has been used mainly as a donor of resistance to smv strains c and d in a japanese breeding program, resulting in resistant varieties such as 'fukuibuki.' becau ... | 2016 | 27162503 |
| genome-wide investigation using srna-seq, degradome-seq and transcriptome-seq reveals regulatory networks of micrornas and their target genes in soybean during soybean mosaic virus infection. | micrornas (mirnas) play key roles in a variety of cellular processes through regulation of their target gene expression. accumulated experimental evidence has demonstrated that infections by viruses are associated with the altered expression profile of mirnas and their mrna targets in the host. however, the regulatory network of mirna-mrna interactions during viral infection remains largely unknown. in this study, we performed small rna (srna)-seq, degradome-seq and as well as a genome-wide tran ... | 2016 | 26963095 |
| engineering of soybean mosaic virus as a versatile tool for studying protein-protein interactions in soybean. | transient gene expression approaches are valuable tools for rapid introduction of genes of interest and characterization of their functions in plants. although agroinfiltration is the most effectively and routinely used method for transient expression of multiple genes in various plant species, this approach has been largely unsuccessful in soybean. in this study, we engineered soybean mosaic virus (smv) as a dual-gene delivery vector to simultaneously deliver and express two genes in soybean ce ... | 2016 | 26926710 |
| gain of virulence by soybean mosaic virus on rsv4-genotype soybeans is associated with a relative fitness loss in a susceptible host. | 'gene-for-gene' theory predicts that gain of virulence by an avirulent pathogen on plants expressing resistance (r) genes is associated with fitness loss in susceptible hosts. however, the validity of this prediction has been studied in only a few plant viral pathosystems. in this study, the soybean mosaic virus (smv)-rsv4 pathosystem was exploited to test this prediction. in rsv4-genotype soybeans, p3 of avirulent smv strains provokes an as yet uncharacterized resistance mechanism that restrict ... | 2016 | 26662495 |
| identification of haplotypes at the rsv4 genomic region in soybean associated with durable resistance to soybean mosaic virus. | discovery of new germplasm sources and identification of haplotypes for the durable soybean mosaic virus resistance gene, rsv 4, provide novel resources for map-based cloning and genetic improvement efforts in soybean. the soybean mosaic virus (smv) resistance locus rsv4 is of interest because it provides a durable type of resistance in soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.]. to better understand its molecular basis, we used a population of 309 bc3f2 individuals to fine-map rsv4 to a ~120 kb interval ... | 2016 | 26649868 |
| identification of multiple phytotoxins produced by fusarium virguliforme including a phytotoxic effector (fvnis1) associated with sudden death syndrome foliar symptoms. | sudden death syndrome (sds) of soybean is caused by a soilborne pathogen, fusarium virguliforme. phytotoxins produced by f. virguliforme are translocated from infected roots to leaves, in which they cause sds foliar symptoms. in this study, additional putative phytotoxins of f. virguliforme were identified, including three secondary metabolites and 11 effectors. while citrinin, fusaric acid, and radicicol induced foliar chlorosis and wilting, soybean mosaic virus (smv)-mediated overexpression of ... | 2016 | 26646532 |
| development of virus-induced gene expression and silencing vector derived from grapevine algerian latent virus. | grapevine algerian latent virus (galv) is a member of the genus tombusvirus in the tombusviridae and infects not only woody perennial grapevine plant but also herbaceous nicotiana benthamiana plant. in this study, we developed galv-based gene expression and virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) vectors in n. benthamiana. the galv coat protein deletion vector, pgmg, was applied to express the reporter gene, green fluorescence protein (gfp), but the expression of gfp was not detected due to the necr ... | 2016 | 27493613 |
| molecular soybean-pathogen interactions. | soybean hosts a wide variety of pathogens that cause significant yield losses. the importance of soybean as a major oilseed crop has led to research focused on its interactions with pathogens, such as soybean mosaic virus, pseudomonas syringae, phytophthora sojae, phakopsora pachyrhizi, and heterodera glycines. pioneering work on soybean's interactions with these organisms, which represent the five major pathogen groups (viruses, bacteria, oomycetes, fungi, and nematodes), has contributed to our ... | 2016 | 27359370 |
| soybean golgi snare 12 protein interacts with soybean mosaic virus encoded p3n-pipo protein. | soybean mosaic virus (smv), a member of the potyvirus genus, is one of the most prevalent and devastating viral pathogens in soybean-growing regions worldwide. it is generally accepted that symptom development of a viral plant disease results from molecular interactions between the virus and its host plant. p3n-pipo, as a trans-frame protein consisting of the amino-terminal half of p3 fused to pipo of the potyvirus, plays a key role of viral cell-to-cell movement. this study provides evidence th ... | 2016 | 27553272 |
| the potyviral p3 protein targets eukaryotic elongation factor 1a to promote the unfolded protein response and viral pathogenesis. | the biochemical function of the potyviral p3 protein is not known, although it is known to regulate virus replication, movement, and pathogenesis. we show that p3, the putative virulence determinant of soybean mosaic virus (smv), targets a component of the translation elongation complex in soybean. eukaryotic elongation factor 1a (eef1a), a well-known host factor in viral pathogenesis, is essential for smv virulence and the associated unfolded protein response (upr). silencing gmef1a inhibits ac ... | 2016 | 27356973 |
| overexpression of a gmcnx1 gene enhanced activity of nitrate reductase and aldehyde oxidase, and boosted mosaic virus resistance in soybean. | molybdenum cofactor (moco) is required for the activities of moco-dependant enzymes. cofactor for nitrate reductase and xanthine dehydrogenase (cnx1) is known to be involved in the biosynthesis of moco in plants. in this work, a soybean (glycine max l.) cnx1 gene (gmcnx1) was transferred into soybean using agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method. twenty seven positive transgenic soybean plants were identified by coating leaves with phosphinothricin, bar protein quick dip stick a ... | 2015 | 25886067 |
| soybean actin-depolymerizing factor 2 interacts with soybean mosaic virus-encoded p3 protein. | soybean mosaic virus (smv), a member of the potyvirus genus, is one of the most prevalent and devastating viral pathogens in soybean-growing regions worldwide. it is generally accepted that symptom development of a viral plant disease results from molecular interactions between the virus and its host plant. p3 protein is the most variable polyprotein in potyviruses, which potentially plays an important role in the process of the evolution of virus type specialization. however, p3 not only plays ... | 2015 | 25537947 |
| shifts in buchnera aphidicola density in soybean aphids (aphis glycines) feeding on virus-infected soybean. | vertically transmitted bacterial symbionts are common in arthropods. aphids undergo an obligate symbiosis with buchnera aphidicola, which provides essential amino acids to its host and contributes directly to nymph growth and reproduction. we previously found that newly adult aphis glycines feeding on soybean infected with the beetle-transmitted bean pod mottle virus (bpmv) had significantly reduced fecundity. we hypothesized that the reduced fecundity was attributable to detrimental impacts of ... | 2015 | 25845267 |
| catalytic features and crystal structure of a tau class glutathione transferase from glycine max specifically upregulated in response to soybean mosaic virus infections. | the plant tau class glutathione transferases (gsts) play important roles in biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in crops and weeds. in this study, we systematically examined the catalytic and structural features of a gst isoenzyme from glycine max (gmgstu10-10). gmgstu10-10 is a unique isoenzyme in soybean that is specifically expressed in response to biotic stress caused by soybean mosaic virus (smv) infections. gmgstu10-10 was cloned, expressed in escherichia coli, purified and characterized. ... | 2015 | 25479053 |
| the evolution of soybean mosaic virus: an updated analysis by obtaining 18 new genomic sequences of chinese strains/isolates. | soybean mosaic virus (smv) is widely recognized as a highly damaging pathogen of soybean, and various strains/isolates have been reported to date. however, the pathogenic differences and phylogenetic relationships of these smv strains/isolates have not been extensively studied. in the present work, by first obtaining 18 new genomic sequences of chinese smv strains/isolates and further compiling these with available data, we have explored the evolution of smv from multiple aspects. first, as in o ... | 2015 | 26103098 |
| characterization of soybean mosaic virus resistance derived from inverted repeat-smv-hc-pro genes in multiple soybean cultivars. | soybean mosaic virus resistance was significantly improved in multiple soybean cultivars through genetic transformation induced by inverted repeat-smv- hc - pro genes based on rnai and post-transcriptional gene silencing. here, we demonstrate soybean mosaic virus (smv) resistance in transgenic soybean plants. transformation of five soybean genotypes with a construct containing inverted repeat-smv-hc-pro genes-induced high-level smv resistance. through leaf-painting assays, polymerase chain react ... | 2015 | 25930057 |
| pathogenesis of soybean mosaic virus in soybean carrying rsv1 gene is associated with mirna and sirna pathways, and breakdown of ago1 homeostasis. | profiling small rnas in soybean williams 82 (rsv), susceptible to soybean mosaic virus (smv, the genus potyvirus, family potyviridae) strains g2 and g7, and soybean pi96983 (rsv1), resistant to g2 but susceptible to g7, identified the microrna mir168 that was highly overexpressed only in g7-infected pi96983 showing a lethal systemic hypersensitive response (lshr). overexpression of mir168 was in parallel with the high-level expression of ago1 mrna, high-level accumulation of mir168-mediated ago1 ... | 2015 | 25591174 |
| amino acid substitution in p3 of soybean mosaic virus to convert avirulence to virulence on rsv4-genotype soybean is influenced by the genetic composition of p3. | the modification of avirulence factors of plant viruses by one or more amino acid substitutions converts avirulence to virulence on hosts containing resistance genes. limited experimental studies have been conducted on avirulence/virulence factors of plant viruses, in particular those of potyviruses, to determine whether avirulence/virulence sites are conserved among strains. in this study, the soybean mosaic virus (smv)-rsv4 pathosystem was exploited to determine whether: (i) avirulence/virulen ... | 2015 | 25040594 |
| detection and fine-mapping of sc7 resistance genes via linkage and association analysis in soybean. | soybean mosaic virus (smv) disease is one of the most serious and broadly distributed soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.) diseases. here, we combine the advantages of association and linkage analysis to identify and fine-map the soybean genes associated with resistance to smv strain sc7. a set of 191 soybean accessions from different geographic origins and 184 recombinant inbred lines (rils) derived from kefeng no.1 (resistant) × nannong 1138-2 (susceptible) were used in this study. the sc7 resista ... | 2015 | 25532561 |
| type 2c protein phosphatase is a key regulator of antiviral extreme resistance limiting virus spread. | effector-triggered immunity (eti) is an active immune response triggered by interactions between host resistance proteins and their cognate effectors. although eti is often associated with the hypersensitive response (hr), various r genes mediate an hr-independent process known as extreme resistance (er). in the soybean-soybean mosaic virus (smv) pathosystem, the strain-specific ci protein of smv functions as an effector of rsv3-mediated er. in this study, we used the soybean (rsv3)-smv (ci) pat ... | 2014 | 25082428 |
| overexpression of gmakt2 potassium channel enhances resistance to soybean mosaic virus. | soybean mosaic virus (smv) is the most prevalent viral disease in many soybean production areas. due to a large number of smv resistant loci and alleles, smv strains and the rapid evolution in avirulence/effector genes, traditional breeding for smv resistance is complex. genetic engineering is an effective alternative method for improving smv resistance in soybean. potassium (k+) is the most abundant inorganic solute in plant cells, and is involved in plant responses to abiotic and biotic stress ... | 2014 | 24893844 |
| sequence variability in the hc-pro coding regions of korean soybean mosaic virus isolates is associated with differences in rna silencing suppression. | soybean mosaic virus (smv), a member of the family potyviridae, is an important viral pathogen affecting soybean production in korea. variations in helper component proteinase (hc-pro) sequences and the pathogenicity of smv samples from seven korean provinces were compared with those of previously characterized smv isolates from china, korea and the united states. phylogenetic analysis separated 16 new korean smv isolates into two groups. fourteen of the new korean smv samples belonged to group ... | 2014 | 24378822 |
| [sequence analysis of the coat protein gene of chinese soybean mosaic virus strain sc7 and comparison with those of smv strains from the usa]. | to unveil genetic variations between the predominant soybean mosaic virus (smv) strains in china and in the usa, as well as to reveal the potential relevance between the similarity of gene sequences and the virulence of the viruses, we isolated and sequenced the coat protein (cp) gene of chinese smv strain sc7 by rt-pcr and compared the sc7 sequence with those of smv strains from the usa. analysis is showed that the cp gene of sc7 was 795 nucleotides in length and encoded 265 in amino acids'. th ... | 2014 | 25562956 |
| reduction in fecundity and shifts in cellular processes by a native virus on an invasive insect. | pathogens and their vectors have coevolutionary histories that are intricately intertwined with their ecologies, environments, and genetic interactions. the soybean aphid, aphis glycines, is native to east asia but has quickly become one of the most important aphid pests in soybean-growing regions of north america. in this study, we used bioassays to examine the effects of feeding on soybean infected with a virus it vectors (soybean mosaic virus [smv]) and a virus it does not vector (bean pod mo ... | 2014 | 24682151 |
| positive and negative roles for soybean mpk6 in regulating defense responses. | it has been well established that mpk6 is a positive regulator of defense responses in model plants such as arabidopsis and tobacco. however, the functional importance of soybean mpk6 in disease resistance has not been investigated. here, we showed that silencing of gmmpk6 in soybean using virus-induced gene silencing mediated by bean pod mottle virus (bpmv) caused stunted growth and spontaneous cell death on the leaves, a typical phenotype of activated defense responses. consistent with this ph ... | 2014 | 24762222 |
| control of virus diseases in soybeans. | soybean, one of the world's most important sources of animal feed and vegetable oil, can be infected by numerous viruses. however, only a small number of the viruses that can potentially infect soybean are considered as major economic problems to soybean production. therefore, we consider management options available to control diseases caused by eight viruses that cause, or have the potential to cause, significant economic loss to producers. we summarize management tactics in use and suggest di ... | 2014 | 25410106 |
| recombinant soybean mosaic virus is prevalent in chinese soybean fields. | recombinant soybean mosaic virus (smv-r) is a novel strain that has recently been identified. smv-r was first isolated from chongqing, china, and exhibits different pathogenicity on soybeans and common beans compared with normal soybean mosaic virus (smv-n). smv-r arose from a recombination event between smv and bean common mosaic virus (bcmv) or a bcmv-like virus. in this study, we assessed the prevalence of smv-r in chinese soybean fields. polymerase chain reaction results showed that smv-r wa ... | 2014 | 24445813 |
| the charged residues in the surface-exposed c-terminus of the soybean mosaic virus coat protein are critical for cell-to-cell movement. | the soybean mosaic virus (smv) coat protein (cp) is necessary for virion assembly and viral cell-to-cell and long-distance movements in plants. we previously showed that the c-terminal region of the smv cp is required for cp self-interaction. in the present study, we generated smv mutants containing cps with single amino acid substitutions of the charged amino acids in the c-proximal region. infectivity and cell-to-cell movement of the smv mutants were examined in soybean plants. through this ge ... | 2013 | 24074571 |
| analysis of soybean mosaic virus genetic diversity in iran allows the characterization of a new mutation resulting in overcoming rsv4-resistance. | the genetic variation and population structure of soybean mosaic virus (smv) in iran was analysed through the characterization of a set of isolates collected in the soybean-growing provinces of iran. the partial nucleotide sequence of these isolates showed a single, undifferentiated population with low genetic diversity, highly differentiated from other smv world populations. these traits are compatible with a population bottleneck associated with the recent introduction of smv in iran. phylogen ... | 2013 | 23939982 |
| role of soybean mosaic virus-encoded proteins in seed and aphid transmission in soybean. | soybean mosaic virus (smv) is seed and aphid transmitted and can cause significant reductions in yield and seed quality in soybean (glycine max). the roles in seed and aphid transmission of selected smv-encoded proteins were investigated by constructing mutants in and chimeric recombinants between smv 413 (efficiently aphid and seed transmitted) and an isolate of smv g2 (not aphid or seed transmitted). as previously reported, the dag amino acid sequence motif near the amino terminus of the coat ... | 2013 | 23927427 |
| fitness penalty in susceptible host is associated with virulence of soybean mosaic virus on rsv1-genotype soybean: a consequence of perturbation of hc-pro and not p3. | the multigenic rsv1 locus in the soybean plant introduction (pi) 'pi96983' confers extreme resistance against the majority of soybean mosaic virus (smv) strains, including smv-n, but not smv-g7 and smv-g7d. in contrast, in susceptible soybean cultivars lacking a functional rsv1 locus, such as 'williams82' (rsv1), smv-n induces severe disease symptoms and accumulates to a high level, whereas both smv-g7 and smv-g7d induce mild symptoms and accumulate to a significantly lower level. gain of virule ... | 2013 | 23782556 |
| genetic analysis and mapping of genes for resistance to multiple strains of soybean mosaic virus in a single resistant soybean accession pi 96983. | soybean mosaic virus (smv) is one of the most broadly distributed soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.) diseases and causes severe yield loss and seed quality deficiency. multiple studies have proved that a single dominant gene can confer resistance to several smv strains. plant introduction (pi) 96983 has been reported to contain smv resistance genes (e.g., rsv1 and rsc14) on chromosome 13. the objective of this study was to delineate the genetics of resistance to smv in pi 96983 and determine wheth ... | 2013 | 23580088 |
| rapid purification of soybean mosaic virus from small quantities of tissue by immunoprecipitation. | a rapid, simple, and efficient method for purification of soybean mosaic virus (smv) was developed based on immunoprecipitation. traditional centrifugation-based methods for purification of smv and other potyviruses require long, complicated procedures and large quantities of infected tissue (100-500 g). the immunoprecipitation procedure described in this study allows the purification of intact smv virion particles in 4h from 0.5 g of tissue. the reliability of this procedure was demonstrated by ... | 2013 | 23567843 |
| detection and evolutionary analysis of soybean mirnas responsive to soybean mosaic virus. | micrornas (mirna) are a class of non-coding rnas that have important gene regulatory roles in various organisms. however, the mirnas involved in soybean's response to soybean mosaic virus (smv) are unknown. to identify novel mirnas and biotic-stress regulated small rnas that are involved in soybean's response to smv, two small rna libraries were constructed from mock-inoculated and smv-infected soybean leaves and sequenced. this led to the discovery of 179 mirnas, representing 52 families, among ... | 2013 | 23328897 |
| overexpression of a soybean nuclear localized type-iii dnaj domain-containing hsp40 reveals its roles in cell death and disease resistance. | heat-shock proteins such as hsp70 and hsp90 are important molecular chaperones that play critical roles in biotic and abiotic stress responses; however, the involvement of their co-chaperones in stress biology remains largely uninvestigated. in a screen for candidate genes stimulating cell death in glycine max (soybean), we transiently overexpressed full-length cdnas of soybean genes that are highly induced during soybean rust infection in nicotiana benthamiana leaves. overexpression of a type-i ... | 2013 | 23289813 |
| the hc-pro and p3 cistrons of an avirulent soybean mosaic virus are recognized by different resistance genes at the complex rsv1 locus. | the complex rsv1 locus in soybean plant introduction (pi) 'pi96983' confers extreme resistance (er) against soybean mosaic virus (smv) strain n but not smv-g7 and smv-g7d. both the smv helper-component proteinase (hc-pro) and p3 cistrons can serve as avirulence factors recognized by rsv1. to understand the genetics underlying recognition of the two cistrons, we have utilized two soybean lines (l800 and l943) derived from crosses between pi96983 (rsv1) and lee68 (rsv1) with distinct recombination ... | 2013 | 23051173 |
| evaluation of north american isolates of soybean mosaic virus for gain of virulence on rsv-genotype soybeans with special emphasis on resistance-breaking determinants on rsv4. | resistance to soybean mosaic virus (smv) in soybean is conferred by three dominant genes: rsv1, rsv3 and rsv4. over the years, scientists in the usa have utilized a set of standard pathotypes, smv-g1 to smv-g7, to study interaction with rsv-genotype soybeans. however, these pathotypes were isolated from a collection of imported soybean germplasm over 30 years ago. in this study, 35 smv field isolates collected in recent years from 11 states were evaluated for gain of virulence on soybean genotyp ... | 2012 | 22827506 |
| the requirement of multiple defense genes in soybean rsv1-mediated extreme resistance to soybean mosaic virus. | soybean mosaic virus (smv) is a major viral pathogen of soybean. among the three smv resistance genes, rsv1 mediates extreme resistance (er) against most smv strains, including the β-glucuronidase-tagged g2 isolate that was previously used in studies of rsv1. using virus-induced gene silencing (vigs), we screened 82 vigs constructs to identify genes that play a role in rsv1-mediated er to smv infection. the target genes included putative rsv1 candidate genes, soybean orthologs to known defense-s ... | 2012 | 22712511 |
| ultrasensitive determination of jasmonic acid in plant tissues using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. | an ultrasensitive and selective high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the volatile signaling hormone, jasmonic acid, has been developed based on precolumn derivatization with 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-aminozide-difluoroboradiaza-s-indacene (bodipy-aminozide). the derivatization reaction was carried out at 60 °c for 30 min in the presence of phosphoric acid. the formed jasmonic acid derivative was eluted using a mobile phase of methanol/ph 6.50 ammonium formate buffer/tetrahydrofuran (67 ... | 2012 | 22551211 |
| biological characteristic and identification of soybean virus isolated from different ukraine regions. | to examine the presence and level of viral infection, field observations of the soybean crops in the cherkassy, vinnitsa and kyiv regions have been performed. it was established that the diseases in the soybean plants growing in the examined areas have been caused by two major viruses--smv (soybean mosaic virus) and bymv (bean yellow mosaic virus). the results of field observations have been confirmed using light and electron microscopy and elisa. | 2012 | 22545444 |
| identification of a novel soybean mosaic virus isolate in china that contains a unique 5' terminus sharing high sequence homology with bean common mosaic virus. | two soybean viral isolates 4469-4 and sc6 from plants in china were characterized by serological assays, pathogenicity tests, full-genome sequencing and sequence analyses. both isolates are determined to be soybean mosaic virus (smv) isolates but 4469-4 is different from other known smvs by inducing symptoms on common bean. 4469-4 has an rna genome of 9994 nucleic acids (nt) encoding 3202 amino acids (aa), which is approximately 400 nt longer than that of sc6 and other smv strains. comparison wi ... | 2011 | 21262287 |
| interaction between potyvirus p3 and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) of host plants. | the p3 protein encoded by shallot yellow stripe virus onion isolate (sysv-o) interacted in the yeast two-hybrid (y2h) system and in co-immunoprecipitation (co-ip) assays with the large subunit of the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) protein that is encoded by the rbcl gene of its onion host. dissection analysis by y2h showed that the main part of sysv p3 (amino acids 1-390) and onion rbcl (amino acids 1-137) were responsible for the interaction. the p3 proteins encoded b ... | 2011 | 21400205 |
| multiple loci condition seed transmission of soybean mosaic virus (smv) and smv-induced seed coat mottling in soybean. | abstract infection of soybean plants with soybean mosaic virus (smv), which is transmitted by aphids and through seed, can cause significant reductions in seed production and quality. because seedborne infections are the primary sources of inoculum for smv infections in north america, host-plant resistance to seed transmission can limit the pool of plants that can serve as sources of inoculum. to examine the inheritance of smv seed transmission in soybean, crosses were made between plant introdu ... | 2011 | 21561316 |
| amino acid changes in p3, and not the overlapping pipo-encoded protein, determine virulence of soybean mosaic virus on functionally immune rsv1-genotype soybean. | a small open reading frame, termed 'pipo', is embedded in the p3 cistron of potyviruses. currently, knowledge on pipo and its role(s) in the life cycle of potyviruses is limited. the p3 and helper-component proteinase (hc-pro) cistrons of soybean mosaic virus (smv) harbour determinants affecting virulence on functionally immune rsv1-genotype soybeans. interestingly, a key virulence determinant of smv on rsv1-genotype soybeans (i.e. soybeans containing the rsv1 resistance gene) that resides at po ... | 2011 | 21726381 |
| callose deposition at plasmodesmata is a critical factor in restricting the cell-to-cell movement of soybean mosaic virus. | callose is a β-l,3-glucan with diverse roles in the viral pathogenesis of plants. it is widely believed that the deposition of callose and hypersensitive reaction (hr) are critical defence responses of host plants against viral infection. however, the sequence of these two events and their resistance mechanisms are unclear. by exploiting a point inoculation approach combined with aniline blue staining, immuno-electron microscopy and external sphincters staining with tannic acid, we systematicall ... | 2011 | 22200865 |
| Robust RNAi-based resistance to mixed infection of three viruses in soybean plants expressing separate short hairpins from a single transgene. | Transgenic plants expressing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) of virus origin have been previously shown to confer resistance to virus infections through the highly conserved RNA-targeting process termed RNA silencing or RNA interference (RNAi). In this study we applied this strategy to soybean plants and achieved robust resistance to multiple viruses with a single dsRNA-expressing transgene. Unlike previous reports that relied on the expression of one long inverted repeat (IR) combining sequences of ... | 2011 | 21999157 |
| simultaneous mutations in multi-viral proteins are required for soybean mosaic virus to gain virulence on soybean genotypes carrying different r genes. | genetic resistance is the most effective and sustainable approach to the control of plant pathogens that are a major constraint to agriculture worldwide. in soybean, three dominant r genes, i.e., rsv1, rsv3 and rsv4, have been identified and deployed against soybean mosaic virus (smv) with strain-specificities. molecular identification of virulent determinants of smv on these resistance genes will provide essential information for the proper utilization of these resistance genes to protect soybe ... | 2011 | 22140577 |
| sobemovirus rna linked to vpg over a threonine residue. | positive sense ssrna virus genomes from several genera have a viral protein genome-linked (vpg) attached over a phosphodiester bond to the 5' end of the genome. the vpgs of southern bean mosaic virus (sbmv) and ryegrass mottle virus (rgmov) were purified from virions and analyzed by mass spectrometry. sbmv vpg was determined to be linked to rna through a threonine residue at position one, whereas rgmov vpg was linked to rna through a serine also at the first position. in addition, we identified ... | 2011 | 21855544 |
| soybean homologs of mpk4 negatively regulate defense responses and positively regulate growth and development. | mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) cascades play important roles in disease resistance in model plant species such as arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) and tobacco (nicotiana tabacum). however, the importance of mapk signaling pathways in the disease resistance of crops is still largely uninvestigated. to better understand the role of mapk signaling pathways in disease resistance in soybean (glycine max), 13, nine, and 10 genes encoding distinct mapks, mapkks, and mapkkks, respectively, we ... | 2011 | 21878550 |
| prokaryotic expression of cp gene of fritillary virus y infecting thunberg fritillary and antiserum preparation. | to prepare antiserum against fritillary virus y (fvy) cp for detecting fvy and study serological relationships with other viruses. | 2011 | 22372135 |
| proteomics-based analysis of novel genes involved in response toward soybean mosaic virus infection. | soybean mosaic virus (smv) is one of the most serious virus diseases of soybean. however, little is known about the molecular basis of the soybean defense mechanism against this pathogen. we identified differentially expressed proteins in soybean leaves infected with smv by proteomic approaches. twenty-eight protein spots that showed ≥2-fold difference in intensity were identified between mock-inoculated and smv-infected samples. among them, 16 spots were upregulated and 12 spots were downregula ... | 2011 | 20373035 |
| mutations in the p3 protein of soybean mosaic virus g2 isolates determine virulence on rsv4-genotype soybean. | two soybean mosaic virus (smv) g2 isolates, l and l-rb, sharing high-sequence similarly but differing in ability to break rsv4-mediated resistance in soybean, were investigated. infectious clones corresponding to these two isolates and their chimeric clones resulting from swapping different regions of genomic cdna between l and l-rb were constructed. only l-rb or chimeras containing the middle fragment of l-rb cdna showed virulence on rsv4-genotype soybean. sequence comparison analysis revealed ... | 2011 | 20795856 |
| multiplex single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) assay for detection of soybean mosaic virus resistance genes in soybean. | soybean mosaic virus (smv) is one of the most destructive viral diseases in soybean (glycine max). three independent loci for smv resistance have been identified in soybean germplasm. the use of genetic resistance is the most effective method of controlling this disease. marker assisted selection (mas) has become very important and useful in the effort of selecting genes for smv resistance. single nucleotide polymorphism (snp), because of its abundance and high-throughput potential, is a powerfu ... | 2010 | 20931170 |
| a single amino acid change in hc-pro of soybean mosaic virus alters symptom expression in a soybean cultivar carrying rsv1 and rsv3. | it is generally believed that infidelity of rna virus replication combined with r-gene-driven selection is one of the major evolutionary forces in overcoming host resistance. in this study, we utilized an avirulent soybean mosaic virus (smv) mutant to examine the possibility of emergence of mutant viruses capable of overcoming r-gene-mediated resistance during serial passages. interestingly, we found that the emerged progeny virus induced severe rugosity and local necrotic lesions in jinpumkong- ... | 2010 | 20938695 |
| fine mapping and analyses of r ( sc8 ) resistance candidate genes to soybean mosaic virus in soybean. | soybean mosaic virus (smv) in soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] is a destructive foliar disease in soybean-producing countries worldwide. in this study, f(2), f(2:3), and f(7:11) recombinant inbred lines populations derived from kefeng no.1 × nannong 1138-2 were used to study inheritance and linkage mapping of the smv strain sc8 resistance gene in kefeng no.1. results indicated that a single dominant gene (designated r(sc8)) controls resistance, which is located on chromosome 2 (mlg d1b). a mixed ... | 2010 | 20981404 |
| tissue blot immunoassay and direct rt-pcr of cucumoviruses and potyviruses from the same nitropure nitrocellulose membrane. | a method is described for using nitropure nitrocellulose (npn) membranes as an effective solid matrix for retrieval of template rna of three potyviruses, tobacco etch virus, soybean mosaic virus and turnip mosaic virus, and two cucumoviruses, cucumber mosaic virus and peanut stunt virus. these npn membranes were also used for tissue blot immunosorbent assays (tbias) to identify and detect plant viruses. for rna detection, discs from dried membranes blotted with infected tissue were minimally cle ... | 2010 | 21126542 |
| experimental adaptation of an rna virus mimics natural evolution. | identification of virulence determinants of viruses is of critical importance in virology. in search of such determinants, virologists traditionally utilize comparative genomics between a virulent and an avirulent virus strain and construct chimeras to map their locations. subsequent comparison reveals sequence differences, and through analyses of site-directed mutants, key residues are identified. in the absence of a naturally occurring virulent strain, an avirulent strain can be functionally c ... | 2010 | 21191023 |
| mutational analysis of interaction between coat protein and helper component-proteinase of soybean mosaic virus involved in aphid transmission. | soybean mosaic virus (smv), a member of the genus potyvirus, is transmitted by aphids in a non-persistent manner. it has been well documented that the helper component-proteinase (hc-pro) plays a role as a 'bridge' between virion particles and aphid stylets in the aphid transmission of potyviruses. several motifs, including the kitc and ptk motifs on hc-pro and the dag motif on the coat protein (cp), have been found to be involved in aphid transmission. previously, we have shown strong interacti ... | 2010 | 20447275 |
| mutational analysis of the putative pipo of soybean mosaic virus suggests disruption of pipo protein impedes movement. | the presence of a small open reading frame embedded in the p3 cistron of potyvirus turnip mosaic virus, termed "pipo," was recently discovered. we have now studied the putative pipo of soybean mosaic virus (smv). introduction of single, or multiple, stop codon mutations at different locations within pipo, without substitution in polyprotein amino acids, did not abolish replication, but restricted the virus to small cluster of cells within the inoculated leaves. furthermore, extensive mutagenesis ... | 2010 | 20170935 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel ear-motif-containing gene gmerf4 from soybean (glycine max l.). | transcriptional repressors are emerging as central regulators of development and stress responses in different organisms. the erf-associated amphiphilic repression (ear) motif was identified as essential for transcriptional repression. to gain a better understanding of this type of protein, we reported here a novel gmerf4 protein from soybean. sequence alignment showed that gmerf4 contains one ap2/erf domain, two putative nuclear localization signal regions and one ear motif. the gmerf4 protein ... | 2010 | 19597961 |
| near infrared spectroscopy and aquaphotomics: novel approach for rapid in vivo diagnosis of virus infected soybean. | near infrared spectroscopy with aquaphotomics as a novel approach was assessed for the diagnosis of soybean plants (glycine max) infected with soybean mosaic virus (smv) at latent symptomless stage of the disease. near infrared (nir) leaf spectra (in the range of 730-1025nm) acquired from soybean plants with and without the inoculation of smv were used. leaf samples from all plants were assayed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to confirm the infection. previously reported nir band ... | 2010 | 20570650 |
| prevalence, incidence, and spatial dependence of soybean mosaic virus in iowa. | the prevalence of soybean fields with plants infected with soybean mosaic virus (smv) in iowa is assumed to be random, because the primary source of the virus is smv-infected seed. data collected from 2,500 soybean fields sampled over a 3-year period as part of the iowa soybean disease survey (2005 to 2007) were used to evaluate this assumption. smv was first detected in early june of each year but counties in which it was first detected varied among years. prevalence at the county scale at end ... | 2010 | 20701491 |
| overexpression of the soybean gmerf3 gene, an ap2/erf type transcription factor for increased tolerances to salt, drought, and diseases in transgenic tobacco. | a new member of the ap2/erf transcription factor family, gmerf3, was isolated from soybean. sequence analysis showed that gmerf3 contained an ap2/erf domain of 58 amino acids and two putative nuclear localization signal (nls) domains. it belonged to a group iv protein in the erf (ethylene response factor) subfamily as typified by a conserved n-terminal motif [mcggai(i/l)]. expression of gmerf3 was induced by treatments with high salinity, drought, abscisic acid (aba), salicylic acid (sa), jasmon ... | 2009 | 19602544 |
| strain-specific cylindrical inclusion protein of soybean mosaic virus elicits extreme resistance and a lethal systemic hypersensitive response in two resistant soybean cultivars. | in the soybean mosaic virus (smv)-soybean pathosystem, three independent genes (rsv1, rsv3, and rsv4) conferring resistance to smv have been identified. recently, we constructed infectious cdna clones of smv g7h and g5h strains and found that these two strains differ in their ability to infect soybean genotypes possessing different smv resistance genes despite a difference of only 33 amino acids. in particular, psmv-g7h induced mosaic symptoms systemically in l29 (rsv3) and provoked a lethal sys ... | 2009 | 19656049 |
| molecular variability and genetic structure of the population of soybean mosaic virus based on the analysis of complete genome sequences. | the complete genomes of 30 soybean mosaic virus (smv) isolates and strains were sequenced in this study. together with fourteen previously reported sequences, we analyzed the genetic structure of the smv population. analyses of genetic diversity showed that different genomic regions of smv are under different evolutionary constraints and that there was no significant genetic differentiation between east asian and north american populations of smv. phylogenetic analyses revealed a significant cor ... | 2009 | 19716150 |
| gmrar1 and gmsgt1 are required for basal, r gene-mediated and systemic acquired resistance in soybean. | rar1, sgt1, and hsp90 are important components of effector-triggered immunity (eti) in diverse plants, where rar1 and sgt1 are thought to serve as hsp90 co-chaperones. we show that eti in soybean requires rar1 and sgt1 but not hsp90. rsv1-mediated extreme resistance to soybean mosaic virus (smv) and rpg-1b-mediated resistance to pseudomonas syringae were compromised in plants silenced for gmrar1 and gmsgt1-2 but not gmhsp90. this suggests that rar1- or sgt1-dependant signaling is not always asso ... | 2009 | 19061405 |
| systemic gene delivery into soybean by simple rub-inoculation with plasmid dna of a soybean mosaic virus-based vector. | plant virus-based vectors provide attractive and valuable tools for conventional transgenic technology and gene function studies in plants. in the present study, we established the infectivity of intact plasmid dna of soybean mosaic virus (smv) cdna upon simple rub-inoculation of soybean leaves by utilizing viral transcription and processing signals to produce infectious in vivo transcripts. furthermore, we engineered this smv cdna clone as a gene delivery vector for systemic expression of forei ... | 2009 | 19096905 |
| temperature affects expression of symptoms induced by soybean mosaic virus in homozygous and heterozygous plants. | seven strains (g1 to g7) of soybean mosaic virus (smv) and 3 resistance loci (rsv1, rsv3, and rsv4) have been identified in soybean. the interaction of smv strains and host resistance genes results in resistant (symptomless), susceptible (mosaic), or necrotic (leaf and stem necrosis) reactions. the necrotic reaction may be gene dosage dependent and influenced by temperature. using a set of soybean isolines and hybrids containing homozygous or heterozygous alleles of rsv, rsv1, rsv1-n, rsv3, or r ... | 2009 | 19126638 |
| development and use of an efficient dna-based viral gene silencing vector for soybean. | virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) is increasingly being used as a reverse genetics tool to study functions of specific plant genes. it is especially useful for plants, such as soybean, that are recalcitrant to transformation. previously, bean pod mottle virus (bpmv) was shown to be an effective vigs vector for soybean. however, the reported bpmv vector requires in vitro rna transcription and inoculation, which is not reliable or amenable to high-throughput applications. to increase the efficie ... | 2009 | 19132865 |
| protein-protein interactions in two potyviruses using the yeast two-hybrid system. | interactions between all ten mature proteins of the potyviruses soybean mosaic virus (pinellia ternata isolate) and shallot yellow stripe virus were investigated using yeast two-hybrid (y2h) assays. consistently strong self-interactions were found between the pairs of hc-pro, vpg, nia-pro, nib and cp in both viruses. apart from the nib, such interactions have been previously reported for some other potyviruses. the 6k1/nia-pro combination gave a consistently moderate to strong interaction in bot ... | 2009 | 19189854 |
| preliminary x-ray data analysis of crystalline hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus. | hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus (hcrsv) is a positive-sense monopartite single-stranded rna virus that belongs to the carmovirus genus of the tombusviridae family, which includes carnation mottle virus (carmv). the hcrsv virion has a 30 nm diameter icosahedral capsid with t = 3 quasi-symmetry containing 180 copies of a 38 kda coat protein (cp) and encapsidates a full-length 3.9 kb genomic rna. authentic virus was harvested from infected host kenaf leaves and was purified by saturated ammonium ... | 2009 | 19478438 |
| cytoplasmic inclusion cistron of soybean mosaic virus serves as a virulence determinant on rsv3-genotype soybean and a symptom determinant. | soybean mosaic virus (smv; potyvirus, potyviridae) is one of the most widespread viruses of soybean globally. three dominant resistance genes (rsv1, rsv3 and rsv4) differentially confer resistance against smv. rsv1 confers extreme resistance and the resistance mechanism of rsv4 is associated with late susceptibility. here, we show that rsv3 restricts the accumulation of smv strain g7 to the inoculated leaves, whereas, smv-n, an isolate of smv strain g2, establishes systemic infection. this obser ... | 2009 | 19595406 |
| recombination analysis of soybean mosaic virus sequences reveals evidence of rna recombination between distinct pathotypes. | rna recombination is one of the two major factors that create rna genome variability. assessing its incidence in plant rna viruses helps understand the formation of new isolates and evaluate the effectiveness of crop protection strategies. to search for recombination in soybean mosaic virus (smv), the causal agent of a worldwide seed-borne, aphid-transmitted viral soybean disease, we obtained all full-length genome sequences of smv as well as partial sequences encoding the n-terminal most (p1 pr ... | 2008 | 19036160 |
| molecular characterization and evolutionary analysis of soybean mosaic virus infecting pinellia ternata in china. | twenty-nine pinellia ternata specimens were collected from representative areas in china, including the major production provinces of zhejiang, henan, shanxi, hunan, shandong and hubei. seven isolates related to soybean mosaic virus (smv), which could be pathogenic on p. ternata and some soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] cultivars, were detected using double antibody sandwich immunosorbent assay (das-elisa) and rt-pcr amplification performed with degenerate primer of potyviruses. it is revealed t ... | 2008 | 18058013 |
| association of the transcriptional response of soybean plants with soybean mosaic virus systemic infection. | compatible virus infection induces and suppresses host gene expression at the global level. these gene-expression changes are the molecular basis of symptom development and general stress and defence-like responses of the host. to assess transcriptional changes in soybean plants infected with soybean mosaic virus (smv), the first soybean trifoliate leaf, immediately above the smv-inoculated unifoliate leaf, was sampled at 7, 14 and 21 days post-inoculation (p.i.) and subjected to microarray anal ... | 2008 | 18343851 |
| genetic confirmation of 2 independent genes for resistance to soybean mosaic virus in j05 soybean using ssr markers. | j05 soybean was previously identified to carry 2 independent genes, rsv1 and rsv3, for "soybean mosaic virus" (smv) resistance by inheritance and allelism studies. the objective of this research was to confirm the 2 genes in j05 using molecular markers so that a marker-assisted selection can be implemented. the segregation of f(2) plants from j05 x essex exhibited a good fit to a 3:1 ratio when inoculated with smv g1. three simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers near rsv1, satt114, satt510, and sa ... | 2008 | 18492653 |
| gain of virulence on rsv1-genotype soybean by an avirulent soybean mosaic virus requires concurrent mutations in both p3 and hc-pro. | in soybean, rsv1, a single dominant resistance gene, invokes extreme resistance (er) against most soybean mosaic virus (smv) strains, including smv-n, but not smv-g7, which provokes a virulent lethal systemic hypersensitive response (lshr). the elicitor functions of the two viruses provoking rsv1-mediated er and lshr have been mapped to the n-terminal 271 amino acids of p3 from smv-n and smv-g7, respectively, which differ by nine residues between the two strains. to identify amino acids of p3 fr ... | 2008 | 18533833 |
| adaptation of soybean mosaic virus avirulent chimeras containing p3 sequences from virulent strains to rsv1-genotype soybeans is mediated by mutations in hc-pro. | in rsv1-genotype soybean, soybean mosaic virus (smv)-n (an avirulent isolate of strain g2) elicits extreme resistance (er) whereas strain smv-g7 provokes a lethal systemic hypersensitive response (lshr). smv-g7d, an experimentally evolved variant of smv-g7, induces systemic mosaic. thus, for rsv1-genotype soybean, smv-n is avirulent whereas smv-g7 and smv-g7d are both virulent. exploiting these differential interactions, we recently mapped the elicitor functions of smv provoking rsv1-mediated er ... | 2008 | 18533834 |
| structure of flexible filamentous plant viruses. | flexible filamentous viruses make up a large fraction of the known plant viruses, but in comparison with those of other viruses, very little is known about their structures. we have used fiber diffraction, cryo-electron microscopy, and scanning transmission electron microscopy to determine the symmetry of a potyvirus, soybean mosaic virus; to confirm the symmetry of a potexvirus, potato virus x; and to determine the low-resolution structures of both viruses. we conclude that these viruses and, b ... | 2008 | 18667514 |
| elevated ozone alters soybean-virus interaction. | increasing concentrations of ozone (o(3)) in the troposphere affect many organisms and their interactions with each other. to analyze the changes in a plant-pathogen interaction, soybean plants were infected with soybean mosaic virus (smv) while they were fumigated with o(3). in otherwise natural field conditions, elevated o(3) treatment slowed systemic infection and disease development by inducing a nonspecific resistance against smv for a period of 3 weeks. during this period, the negative eff ... | 2008 | 18785825 |
| identification and molecular characterization of two naturally occurring soybean mosaic virus isolates that are closely related but differ in their ability to overcome rsv4 resistance. | a naturally occurring rsv4 resistance-breaking isolate (l-rb) and a closely related non-resistance-breaking isolate (l) of soybean mosaic virus (smv) were identified in soybean fields in london, ontario, canada. the viral genomes of l and l-rb were completely sequenced. each isolate has a 9585-nucleotide genome with a single open reading frame encoding a polyprotein of approximately 350 kda. l-rb and l have a very high sequence similarity (99.6%) at both the nucleotide and amino acid levels. phy ... | 2008 | 18793685 |
| soybean mosaic virus helper component-protease alters leaf morphology and reduces seed production in transgenic soybean plants. | abstract transgenic soybean (glycine max) plants expressing soybean mosaic virus (smv) helper component-protease (hc-pro) showed altered vegetative and reproductive phenotypes and responses to smv infection. when inoculated with smv, transgenic plants expressing the lowest level of hc-pro mrna and those transformed with the vector alone initially showed mild smv symptoms. plants that accumulated the highest level of smv hc-pro mrna showed very severe smv symptoms initially, but after 2 weeks sym ... | 2007 | 18943658 |
| the '6k1' protein of a strain of soybean mosaic virus localizes to the cell periphery. | the '6k1' protein of the pinellia isolate of soybean mosaic virus was cloned into a prokaryotic expression vector and a polyclonal antiserum raised to the expressed fusion protein. in immunogold labeling of thin sections of infected leaves of pinellia ternata, specific labeling occurred at the cell periphery. this might suggest that the potyvirus '6k1' protein plays some role in viral cell-to-cell movement but the lack of transmembrane domains suggests that it does not conform to currently-recog ... | 2007 | 17458620 |
| cowpea viruses: effect of single and mixed infections on symptomatology and virus concentration. | natural multiple viral infections of cultivated cowpeas have been reported in nigeria. in this study, three nigerian commercial cowpea cultivars ("olo 11", "oloyin" and "white") and two lines from the iita (it86d- 719 and tvu 76) were mechanically inoculated with cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (cabmv), bean southern mosaic virus (sbmv) and cowpea mottle virus (cmev) singly, as well as in all possible combinations at 10, 20 and 30 days after planting (dap). samples of leaves or stems were collec ... | 2007 | 17900355 |
| a method for quantitative analysis of spatially variable physiological processes across leaf surfaces. | many physiological processes are spatially variable across leaf surfaces. while maps of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, gene expression, water transport, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ros) for individual leaves are readily obtained, analytical methods for quantifying spatial heterogeneity and combining information gathered from the same leaf but with different instruments are not widely used. we present a novel application of tools from the field of geographical imaging to ... | 2007 | 17211583 |
| interactions of viruses in cowpea: effects on growth and yield parameters. | the study was carried out to investigate the effects of inoculating three cowpea cultivars: "olo ii", "oloyin" and it86d-719 with three unrelated viruses: cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (cabmv), genus potyvirus, cowpea mottle virus (cmev), genus carmovirus and southern bean mosaic virus (sbmv), genus sobemovirus singly and in mixture on growth and yield of cultivars at 10 and 30 days after planting (dap). generally, the growth and yield of the buffer inoculated control plants were significantly ... | 2007 | 17286870 |