Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted descending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
bovine papillomavirus dna and s100 profiles in sarcoids and other cutaneous spindle cell tumors in horses.histopathologic differentiation between deep dermal or subcuticular equine sarcoids (ie, nodular sarcoids) and other spindle cell tumors in the dermis and subcutis such as peripheral nerve sheath tumors (pnsts) can be challenging based on morphologic criteria alone. it has been proposed that polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for bovine papillomavirus (bpv) dna and s100 immunohistochemistry be used as diagnostic tests to separate equine sarcoids from pnsts. we reviewed 197 skin-associated spindle c ...201727312364
the cellular dna helicase chlr1 regulates chromatin and nuclear matrix attachment of the human papillomavirus 16 e2 protein and high-copy-number viral genome establishment.in papillomavirus infections, the viral genome is established as a double-stranded dna episome. to segregate the episomes into daughter cells during mitosis, they are tethered to cellular chromatin by the viral e2 protein. we previously demonstrated that the e2 proteins of diverse papillomavirus types, including bovine papillomavirus (bpv) and human papillomavirus 16 (hpv16), associate with the cellular dna helicase chlr1. this virus-host interaction is important for the tethering of bpv e2 to m ...201727795438
integrated analysis of recombinant bpv-1 l1 protein for the production of a bovine papillomavirus vlp vaccine.bovine papillomatosis is an infectious disease that is caused by bovine papillomavirus (bpv), which results in important economic losses. however, no bpv vaccines or effective treatment methods are commercially available to date. moreover, the absence of papillomavirus replication in vitro makes the use of recombinant protein a promising candidate for vaccine formulations. hence, we developed an integrated study on the l1 capsid protein of bpv-1, obtained from a bacterial expression system, rega ...201728222997
oral squamomelanocytic tumour in a dog: a unique biphasic cancer.in human medicine, squamomelanocytic tumour is a malignant cutaneous neoplasm composed of closely intermingled neoplastic squamous cells and melanocytes. a multinodular gingival tumour in a 16-year-old, mixed breed neutered female dog was examined microscopically. two populations of neoplastic cells, melanocytic and squamous epithelial cells were intermingled. the melanocytic cells were melan-a positive and cytokeratin ae1-ae3 negative and the squamous component was cytokeratin ae1-ae3 positive ...201726805740
potential of a bpv1 l1 vlp vaccine to prevent bpv1- or bpv2-induced pseudo-sarcoid formation and safety and immunogenicity of ecpv2 l1 vlps in horse.we have previously shown that immunization of horses with bovine papillomavirus type 1 (bpv1) l1 virus-like particles (vlps) is safe and highly immunogenic and that bpv1 and bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv2) are closely related serotypes. here we evaluated the protective potential of a bpv1 l1 vlp vaccine against experimental bpv1 and bpv2 challenge and studied the safety and immunogenicity of a bivalent equine papillomavirus type 2 (ecpv2)/bpv1 l1 vlp vaccine. fourteen healthy horses were imm ...201728284277
phosphorylation of the bovine papillomavirus e2 protein on tyrosine regulates its transcription and replication functions.papillomaviruses are small, double-stranded dna viruses that encode the e2 protein, which controls transcription, replication, and genome maintenance in infected cells. posttranslational modifications (ptms) affecting e2 function and stability have been demonstrated for multiple types of papillomaviruses. here we describe the first phosphorylation event involving a conserved tyrosine (y) in the bovine papillomavirus 1 (bpv-1) e2 protein at amino acid 102. while its phosphodeficient phenylalanine ...201727807239
genome characterization of a bovine papillomavirus type 5 from cattle in the amazon region, brazil.papillomaviruses are small and complex viruses with circular dna genome that belongs to the papillomavirus family, which comprises at least 39 genera. the bovine papillomavirus (bpv) causes an infectious disease that is characterized by chronic and proliferative benign tumors that affect cattle worldwide. in the present work, the full genome sequence of bpv type 5, an epsilonpapillomavirus, is reported. the genome was recovered from papillomatous lesions excised from cattle raised in the amazon ...201727817150
enhancing antitumor immunogenicity of hpv16-e7 dna vaccine by fusing dna encoding e7-antigenic peptide to dna encoding capsid protein l1 of bovine papillomavirus.human papillomavirus (hpv) has been identified as the primary etiologic factor of cervical cancer, the fourth leading cause of cancer death in females worldwide. we have previously shown that coadministration of dna encoding l1 capsid protein of bovine papillomavirus (bpv) can enhance the antigen-specific immune response elicited by a therapeutic hpv16-e7 dna vaccination. in this study, we sought to generate and evaluate the immunogenicity of a therapeutic hpv16-e7 dna vaccine that encodes the f ...201728852471
two transmembrane dimers of the bovine papillomavirus e5 oncoprotein clamp the pdgf β receptor in an active dimeric conformation.the dimeric 44-residue e5 protein of bovine papillomavirus is the smallest known naturally occurring oncoprotein. this transmembrane protein binds to the transmembrane domain (tmd) of the platelet-derived growth factor β receptor (pdgfβr), causing dimerization and activation of the receptor. here, we use rosetta membrane modeling and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations in a membrane environment to develop a chemically detailed model of the e5 protein/pdgfβr complex. in this model, an active ...201728808001
phylogenetic analysis of a partial l1 gene from bovine papillomavirus type 1 isolated from naturally occurring papilloma cases in the northwestern region of turkey.this study was aimed at the molecular characterisation of bovine papillomavirus type 1 (bpv-1) isolated from papilloma cases in the northwestern region of turkey. bpv-1 is a widely occurring oncogenic virus in cattle and is associated with benign epithelial neoplasia which causes significant economic losses in dairy and beef cattle because of treatment costs. in this study, 29 suspected papilloma specimens were collected from cattle in northwestern turkey. these samples underwent molecular chara ...201728697610
type-specific l1 virus-like particle-mediated protection of horses from experimental bovine papillomavirus 1-induced pseudo-sarcoid formation is long-lasting.equine sarcoids are common therapy-resistant skin tumours induced by bovine papillomavirus type 1 or 2 (bpv1, bpv2) infection. we have previously shown that prophylactic vaccination with bpv1 l1 virus-like particles (vlps) efficiently protects horses from experimental bpv1-induced pseudo-sarcoid development. here, we assessed bpv1 l1 vlp vaccine-mediated long-term protection from experimental tumour formation in seven horses 5 years after immunization with three different doses of bpv1 l1 vlps, ...201728635592
a novel bovine papillomavirus type in the genus dyokappapapillomavirus.papillomaviruses are a diverse group of viruses that are known to infect a wide range of animal species. bovine papillomaviruses (bpvs) are divided into at least 21 genotypes (bpv1 to bpv21),  with most bpv isolates/strains described to date belonging to one of four genera, including deltapapillomavirus, xipapillomavirus, epsilonpapillomavirus and dyoxipapillomavirus. here, we describe the identification and genetic characterization of a new bpv type in the genus dyokappapapillomavirus. a farm i ...201728616671
requirement for the e1 helicase c-terminal domain in papillomavirus dna replication in vivo.the papillomavirus (pv) e1 helicase contains a conserved c-terminal domain (ctd), located next to its atp-binding site, whose function in vivo is still poorly understood. the ctd is comprised of an alpha helix followed by an acidic region (ar) and a c-terminal extension termed the c-tail. recent biochemical studies on bovine papillomavirus 1 (bpv1) e1 showed that the ar and c-tail regulate the oligomerization of the protein into a double hexamer at the origin. in this study, we assessed the impo ...201626739052
bovine papillomavirus: new insights into an old disease.bovine papillomaviruses (bpvs) are small dna tumoral viruses able to induce benign cutaneous and/or mucosal epithelial lesions. generally, the benign tumours affecting the skin or mucosa spontaneously regress, but under special circumstances, the defence system may be overwhelmed, thus leading to cancer, especially in the presence of immunosuppressant and mutagen agents from bracken fern. to date, thirteen different bpv genotypes have been associated with skin and mucosal tumours in cattle, and ...201624661978
epidemiologic analysis of a sarcoid outbreak involving 12 of 111 donkeys in northern italy.equine sarcoids develop upon bovine papillomavirus type 1 or 2 (bpv1, bpv2) infection in conjunction with trauma and represent the most common tumour disease in horses and other equids, including donkeys. in face of a sarcoid outbreak involving 12 of 111 donkeys and mules at the 'rifugio degli asinelli', a subsidiary charity organization of the donkey sanctuary, non-invasively collected sample material including crusts, dandruff, swabs and hair roots was collected from sarcoid-affected and 26 he ...201627939161
immune response to bovine papillomavirus type 1 in equine sarcoid. 201627687935
quantitative analysis of infiltrating immune cells and bovine papillomavirus type 1 e2-positive cells in equine sarcoids.sarcoids are the most frequently observed skin tumours in equids and consist of cutaneous accumulations of transformed fibroblasts. their aetiopathogenesis is closely linked to a presumably abortive infection by bovine papillomavirus (bpv) types 1 and 2. in cattle, dermal fibropapillomas induced by bpv1/2 usually regress spontaneously due to a local, cell-mediated, immune response; however, equids appear to lack an effective immune response to bpv1/2 and mechanisms of immune evasion have been po ...201627687925
molecular and phylogenetic analysis of bovine papillomavirus type 1: first report in iraqi cattle.this study aimed to provide the first molecular characterization of bovine papillomavirus type 1 (bpv-1) in iraq. bpv is a widely spread oncogenic virus in iraqi cattle and is associated with the formation of both benign and malignant lesions, resulting in notable economic losses in dairy and beef cattle. in the current study, 140 cutaneous papilloma specimens were collected from cattle in central iraq. these samples were submitted to histopathological examination, pcr, and sequencing analysis. ...201627413374
differential expression of micrornas in bovine papillomavirus type 1 transformed equine cells.bovine papillomavirus (bpv) types 1 and 2 play an important role in the pathogenesis of equine sarcoids (es), the most common cutaneous tumour affecting horses. micrornas (mirnas), small non-coding rnas that regulate essential biological and cellular processes, have been found dysregulated in a wide range of tumours. the aim of this study was to identify mirnas associated with es. differential expression of mirnas was assessed in control equine fibroblasts (eqpalfs) and eqpalfs transformed with ...201627039895
papillomavirus in yaks: the isolates of bovine papillomavirus type 1 have a high possibility of belonging to a novel type.although papillomaviruses (pvs) have been widely reported in vertebrates, there have been only a few pv reports in yaks (bos grunniens). in 2012, bam et al. reported bovine papillomavirus type 1 (bpv-1) and bpv-2 associated with cutaneous papillomatosis in yaks, which provided genomic and pathology information for yak pvs. however, nucleotide identity and phylogenic analyses revealed that there are two isolates with a high possibility of belonging to a novel type that is not bpv-1. the argument ...201626922971
extracellular matrix remodeling in equine sarcoid: an immunohistochemical and molecular study.equine sarcoids are locally invasive, fibroblastic benign skin tumors. bovine papillomavirus type-1 (bpv-1) and/or bovine papillomavirus type-2 (bpv-2) are believed to be the causative agent of sarcoids, although the mechanisms by which the virus induce the tumor are still poorly understood. we hypothesized that in genetically predisposed equines latent bpv infection may be reactivated by immunosoppression and/or mechanical injury leading to a form of pathologic wound which may transform into a ...201626838095
complete genome sequence of deltapapillomavirus 4 (bovine papillomavirus 2) from a bovine papillomavirus lesion in amazon region, brazil.the complete genome sequence of bovine papillomavirus 2 (bpv2) from brazilian amazon region was determined using multiple-primed rolling circle amplification followed by illumina sequencing. the genome is 7,947 bp long, with 45.9% gc content. it encodes seven early (e1, e2,e4, e5, e6,e7, and e8) and two late (l1 and l2) genes. the complete genome of a bpv2 can help in future studies since this bpv type is highly reported worldwide although the lack of complete genome sequences available.201627074259
potential of a bpv1 l1 vlp vaccine to prevent bpv1- or bpv2-induced pseudo-sarcoid formation and safety and immunogenicity of ecpv2 l1 vlps in the horse.we have previously shown that immunization of horses with bpv1 l1 virus-like particles (vlp) is safe and highly immunogenic, and that bovine papillomavirus types 1 and 2 (bpv1, bpv2) are closely related serotypes. here we evaluated the protective potential of a bpv1 l1 vlp vaccine against experimental bpv1 and bpv2 challenge, and studied the safety and immunogenicity of a bivalent ecpv2/bpv1 l1 vlp vaccine. fourteen healthy horses were immunized with bpv1 l1 vlps (100 µg/injection) plus adjuvant ...201627926826
bovine papillomavirus type 13 expression in the urothelial bladder tumours of cattle.bovine papillomavirus type 13 (bpv-13), a novel deltapapillomavirus, has been found associated with urothelial tumours of the urinary bladder of cattle grazing on lands infested with bracken fern. bpv-13 was detected in 28 of 39 urothelial tumours. diagnosis was based on sequencing of l1 and e5 amplicons from tumour samples. the nucleotide sequences generated from these amplicons showed a 100% homology with the sequences of bpv-13 l1 and e5 dna found in brazil from a fibropapilloma of the ear in ...201625597262
detection and phylogenetic analysis of bovine papillomavirus in cutaneous warts in cattle in tamaulipas, mexico.papillomas occur more frequently in cattle than other domestic animals. the causal agent of bovine papillomatosis is a virus that belongs to the family papillomaviridae. in tamaulipas, mexico, the virus is considered a serious problem and has impeded the export of cattle to the united states, resulting in serious economic losses. owing to the lack of information regarding the subtypes of papillomaviruses that infect cattle in mexico, the aim of this study was to determine the subtypes in tamauli ...201627733780
novel bovine papillomavirus type discovered by rolling-circle amplification coupled with next-generation sequencing.currently, fifteen bovine papillomavirus (bpv) types have been identified and classified into four genera: deltapapillomavirus, epsilonpapillomavirus, dyoxipapillomavirus, and xipapillomavirus. here, the complete genome sequence of a new bpv type (bpv 04ac14) recovered from a papillomatous lesion is reported. the genome is 7,282 bp in length and exhibits the classic genetic organization and motifs of the members of papillomaviridae. maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses revealed that bpv 04ac ...201627606703
localization of bovine papillomavirus nucleic acid in equine sarcoids.bovine papillomaviruses (bpv1/bpv2) have long been associated with equine sarcoids; deciphering their contribution has been difficult due to their ubiquitous presence on skin and in the environment, as well as the lack of decent techniques to interrogate their role in pathogenesis. we have developed and characterized an in situ hybridization (ish) assay that uses a pool of probes complementary to portions of the e5, e6, and e7 genes. this assay is highly sensitive for direct visualization of vir ...201626215759
phosphorylation of bovine papillomavirus e1 by the protein kinase ck2 near the nuclear localization signal does not influence subcellular distribution of the protein in dividing cells.the bovine papillomavirus e1 helicase is essential for viral replication. in dividing cells, dna replication maintains, but does not increase, the viral genome copy number. replication is limited by low e1 expression and an e1 nucleocytoplasmic shuttling mechanism. shuttling is controlled in part by phosphorylation of e1 by cellular kinases. here we investigate conserved sites for phosphorylation by kinase ck2 within the e1 nuclear localization signal. when these ck2 sites are mutated to either ...201626467928
papillomavirus in healthy skin and mucosa of wild ruminants in the italian alps.we investigated healthy skin and mucosal specimens of wild ruminants in the italian alps. we identified bovine papillomavirus (bpv)-2 dna in the healthy skin of wild ruminants and documented coinfection of bpv-1 and cervus elaphus papillomavirus (cepv)-1 in a healthy red deer (cervus elaphus). we also demonstrated cross-infections of bpvs of the genus xipapillomavirus, both as single virus infection and also in association with deltapapillomavirus types 1 and 2, confirming that host tropism of p ...201626540178
mixed nipple infections caused by variant of bpv3 and a putative new subtype of bpv in cattle.bovine papilloma is a chronic and proliferative skin and mucosal wart caused by bovine papillomavirus (bpv). in june, 2013, a leaf-and flat-shaped wart disease was observed on the nipple skins in a cattle farm in xinjiang. to diagnose the disease, we collected the diseased skins for pathological biopsy and dna analysis by pcr amplification using a pair of degenerate primers fap59 and fap64. sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed that the infection was caused by a variant of bpv3 and putativ ...201624894388
detection of different bovine papillomavirus types and co-infection in bloodstream of cattle.bovine papillomavirus (bpv) is a diverse group of double-stranded dna oncogenic viruses. bpvs are classically described as epitheliotropic, however, they have been detected in body fluids, such as blood and semen. the presence of bpv in these sites can have implications for the dissemination of bpv. the aim of this study was to verify the prevalence of bpv types in cattle blood. a total of 57 blood samples were analyzed by pcr using bpv type-specific primers to bpvs 1-6 and 8-10, and subsequent ...201624889887
detection of bovine papillomavirus type 14 dna sequences in urinary bladder tumors in cattle.bovine papillomavirus type 14 (bpv-14) is a novel deltapapillomavirus (δpv) which is most closely related to bpv-1, -2, and -13, well-known members of the δpv genus. so far bpv-14 has been detected in cutaneous neoplastic lesions in cattle and in feline sarcoids. as bpv-14 may share biological and pathological properties with bpv-1, -2 and -13, it has been hypothesized that, like other δpvs, bpv-14 could be associated with bovine bladder neoplasia. in this study, 50 tumors of the urinary bladder ...201627283849
eras protein is overexpressed and binds to the activated platelet-derived growth factor β receptor in bovine urothelial tumour cells associated with papillomavirus infection.embryonic stem cell-expressed ras (eras) encodes a constitutively active form of guanosine triphosphatase (gtpase) that binds to and activates phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (pi3k), which in turn phosphorylates and activates downstream targets such as akt. the current study evaluated eras regulation and expression in papillomavirus-associated urothelial tumours in cattle grazing on lands rich in bracken fern. eras was found upregulated and overexpressed by pcr, real time pcr and western blot. fur ...201627256024
topical distribution of acyclovir in normal equine skin and equine sarcoids: an in vitro study.topical acyclovir application is an owner-friendly treatment for occult equine sarcoids, without the caustic side-effects other topical treatments have. variable clinical success rates have been described, but it is not known to what rate and extent acyclovir penetrates in and through equine skin from a topical formulation. in the current study, an in vitro franz diffusion model was used to determine the permeation parameters for a generic 5% acyclovir cetomacrogol cream for both healthy and sar ...201627234546
host genetic influence on papillomavirus-induced tumors in the horse.the common equine skin tumors known as sarcoids have been causally associated with infection by bovine papillomavirus (bpv). additionally, there is evidence for host genetic susceptibility to sarcoids. we investigated the genetic basis of susceptibility to sarcoid tumors on a cohort of 82 affected horses and 270 controls genotyped on a genome-wide platform and two custom panels. a genome wide association study (gwas) identified candidate regions on six chromosomes. bayesian probability analysis ...201627037728
genetic diversity of bovine papillomavirus types, including two putative new types, in teat warts from dairy cattle herds.teat papillomatosis affects dairy cows worldwide. milking can become difficult due to teat warts, and maintaining affected cows in the herds may diminish economic profit in the dairy industry. currently, 13 bovine papillomavirus (bpv) types have been fully characterized, and numerous putative bpv types have been identified through partial l1 gene pcr. in order to identify the viral types present in warts on the udders of dairy cows, 40 teat lesions from 24 cows from 13 cattle farms in three stat ...201626997614
bovine papillomatosis: first detection of bovine papillomavirus types 6, 7, 8, 10 and 12 in italian cattle herds.limited information about the distribution of different bovine papillomavirus (bpv) types in italy is available; therefore, this study aimed to investigate the presence of bpvs in bovine lesions in the emilia romagna region. sixty-four proliferative lesions were collected between december 2011 and december 2014, and subsequently analysed by qualitative pcr with genus- and type-specific primer pairs, as well as rolling circle amplification (rca). the results demonstrated, for the first time in it ...201626965086
bovine papillomavirus type 7 in italy: complete genomes and sequence variants.two novel bovine papillomavirus type 7 (bpv-7) variants have been identified in teat cutaneous papillomas affecting dairy cows in northern italy. the entire genome sequences of two bpv-7 italian variants showed major sequence differences in the long control region (lcr) and in the l2 gene compared to the japanese reference strain. in order to define the stability of these genetic variants, the l2 and lcr sequences of seven further bpv-7 positive isolates were characterized. an insertion of six a ...201626837892
both tumour cells and infiltrating t-cells in equine sarcoids express foxp3 associated with an immune-supressed cytokine microenvironment.bovine papillomavirus (bpv) infections of equine species have a central role in the aetiology of equine sarcoids; a common benign skin tumour of horses, zebras and donkeys. within the lesions, all of the early papillomavirus genes are expressed and promote the excessive replication of fibroblasts which characterise these tumours. equine sarcoids differ from bpv induced fibro-papillomas of cattle (the natural host of bpv), in that they do not produce high amounts of virus particles, do not usuall ...201627160146
plant-produced viral bovine vaccines: what happened during the last 10 years?vaccination has proved to be an efficient strategy to deal with viral infections in both human and animal species. however, protection of cattle against viral infections is still a major concern in veterinary science. during the last two decades, the development of efficient plant-based expression strategies for recombinant proteins prompted the application of this methodology for veterinary vaccine purposes. the main goals of viral bovine vaccines are to improve the health and welfare of cattle ...201526250843
mutagenic potential ofbos taurus papillomavirus type 1 e6 recombinant protein: first description.bovine papillomavirus (bpv) is considered a useful model to study hpv oncogenic process. bpv interacts with the host chromatin, resulting in dna damage, which is attributed to e5, e6, and e7 viral oncoproteins activity. however, the oncogenic mechanisms of bpv e6 oncoprotein per se remain unknown. this study aimed to evaluate the mutagenic potential of bos taurus papillomavirus type 1 (bpv-1) e6 recombinant oncoprotein by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (cbmna) and comet assay (ca). per ...201526783529
a novel murine model for evaluating bovine papillomavirus prophylactics/therapeutics for equine sarcoid-like tumours.equine sarcoids are highly recurrent bovine papillomavirus (bpv)-induced fibroblastic neoplasms that are the most common skin tumours in horses. in order to facilitate the study of potential equine sarcoid prophylactics or therapeutics, which can be a slow and costly process in equines, a murine model for bpv-1 protein-expressing equine sarcoid-like tumours was developed in mice through stable transfection of bpv-1 e5 and e6 in a murine fibroblast tumour cell line (k-balb). like equine sarcoids, ...201526044793
hyperproliferative action of bovine papillomavirus: genetic and histopathological aspects.the bovine papillomavirus (bpv) causes papillomas that regress spontaneously, but can also progress to malignancy. this study evaluated the role of bpv in oncogenesis. twenty-four samples from uninfected calves and the papillomas of bpv infected cattle were subjected to molecular diagnosis, as well as histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. the comet assay (ca) was used to evaluate the clastogenic potential of bpv. the results confirmed the presence of bpv-2, 3, 5, and 9 in infected ...201526505447
e5 nucleotide polymorphisms suggest quasispecies occurrence in bpv-1 sub-clinically infected horses.bpv-1 is known as the main causative agent of equine sarcoid, but the virus has also been detected in skin and blood of healthy horses. previous reports demonstrated the presence of e5 variants in sarcoids of donkeys and horses; we investigated whether this genetic variability might be also found in bpv-1, pbmc associated, of sub-clinically infected horses. with this aim, we analyzed the e5 gene of 21 bpv-1 strains from diseased and sub-clinically infected horses. our analyses lead us to demonst ...201526412524
molecular and histological characterization of bovine papillomavirus in north west italy.bovine papillomaviruses (bpvs) are group of worldwide-spread dna virus that infect primarily cattle determining diseases of considerable economic relevance. recently, research on bpvs, received a great impulse owing to the development of specific biomolecular analysis, mostly based on l1 gene sequencing, that resulted in the identification of new viral types. this work is aimed at the identification and molecular and histopathological characterization of bpvs circulating in north west italy, one ...201526315772
hydrophobic mismatch drives the interaction of e5 with the transmembrane segment of pdgf receptor.the oncogenic e5 protein from bovine papillomavirus is a short (44 amino acids long) integral membrane protein that forms homodimers. it activates platelet-derived growth factor receptor (pdgfr) β in a ligand-independent manner by transmembrane helix-helix interactions. the nature of this recognition event remains elusive, as numerous mutations are tolerated in the e5 transmembrane segment, with the exception of one hydrogen-bonding residue. here, we examined the conformation, stability, and ali ...201526287626
detection of bovine papilloma viruses in wart-like lesions of upper gastrointestinal tract of cattle and buffaloes.in present investigation, etiopathological characterization of upper gastrointestinal tract (git) tumours of cattle and buffaloes was undertaken. a total of 27 git wart-like lesions in rumen, reticulum, mouth and oesophagus of cattle and buffaloes revealed the presence of small nodular to larger spherical or slender growths with thin base present on mucosa and ruminal pillar. histopathologically, these cases were diagnosed as fibropapilloma/papilloma. this is the first world record on ruminal pa ...201523890104
genetic characterization of amazonian bovine papillomavirus reveals the existence of four new putative types.papillomaviruses are small and complex viruses that belong to the papillomaviridae family, which comprises 39 genera. the bovine papillomavirus (bpv) causes an infectious disease that is characterized by chronic and proliferative benign tumors that affect cattle worldwide. different genotypes of bpvs can cause distinct skin and mucosal lesions and the immunity they raise has low cross-protection. this report aimed to genotype bpvs in cattle from northern brazil based on nucleotide partial sequen ...201526116287
genomic characterisation of the feline sarcoid-associated papillomavirus and proposed classification as bos taurus papillomavirus type 14.feline sarcoids are rare mesenchymal neoplasms of domestic and exotic cats. previous studies have consistently detected short dna sequences from a papillomavirus (pv), designated feline sarcoid-associated papillomavirus (fesarpv), in these neoplasms. the fesarpv sequence has never been detected in any non-sarcoid sample from cats but has been amplified from the skin of cattle suggesting that feline sarcoids are caused by cross-species infection by a bovine papillomavirus (bpv). the aim of the pr ...201525840470
development of a novel pcr-rflp assay for improved detection and typing of bovine papillomaviruses.a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) assay was developed to detect and type bovine papillomaviruses (bpvs) from tumors in cattle. two degenerate primer sets targeting the bpv l1 gene, subaup/subadw and subbup/subbdw, and one restriction enzyme rsai were used in this assay. in silico analyses of the restriction enzyme sites in the pcr fragments of 13 bpv sequences (bpv-1 to -13) revealed that all known bpvs are differentiated by the pcr-rflp assay. analy ...201525794797
levels of the e2 interacting protein topbp1 modulate papillomavirus maintenance stage replication.the evolutionarily conserved dna topoisomerase ii beta-binding protein 1 (topbp1) functions in dna replication, dna damage response, and cell survival. we analyzed the role of topbp1 in human and bovine papillomavirus genome replication. consistent with prior reports, topbp1 co-localized in discrete nuclear foci and was in complex with papillomavirus e2 protein. similar to e2, topbp1 is recruited to the region of the viral origin of replication during g1/s and early s phase. topbp1 knockdown inc ...201525666521
oral papillomatosis caused by enhydra lutris papillomavirus 1 (elpv-1) in southern sea otters (enhydra lutris nereis) in california, usa.the southern sea otter (enhydra lutris nereis) is a threatened marine sentinel. during postmortem investigations of stranded sea otters from 2004 to 2013 in california, us, papillomas were detected in the oral cavity of at least seven otters via necropsy and histopathology. next-generation sequencing of viral particles purified from a single papilloma revealed a novel papillomavirus, enhydra lutris papillomavirus 1 (elpv-1). the genome of elpv-1 was obtained, representing the first fully sequenc ...201525647597
expression of bcl-2 and p53 in bovine cutaneous fibropapillomas.bovine cutaneous fibropapillomas are benign hyperproliferative lesions induced by bovine papillomaviruses (bpvs). bcl-2 is an important anti-apoptotic protein which is expressed in several cancer types. in contrary, p53 is a tumour suppressor protein that mediates cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and senescence in response to cellular stresses.201525601891
papillomavirus e7 oncoproteins share functions with polyomavirus small t antigens.many of the small dna tumor viruses encode transforming proteins that function by targeting critical cellular pathways involved in cell proliferation and survival. in this study, we have examined whether some of the functions of the polyomavirus small t antigens (st) are shared by the e6 and e7 oncoproteins of two oncogenic papillomaviruses. using three different assays, we have found that e7 can provide some simian virus 40 (sv40) or murine polyomavirus (pyv) st functions. both human papillomav ...201525540383
bos taurus papillomavirus activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: demonstrating a productive infection.bovine papillomavirus (bpv) is an oncogenic virus with mucous and epithelial tropism. possible productive virus infection in other tissues, such as blood, has been hypothesized. in order to investigate this possibility, three samples of skin papillomas and blood were collected from bovines with bpv infection and five samples of peripheral blood and one sample of normal tissue were collected from a calf without bpv infection. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) were isolated from whole blo ...201526681018
[sequence and structural analyses of the complete genome of bovine papillomavirus 2 genotype aks-01 strain from skin samples of cows in southern xinjiang, china].to study the complete genomic sequence, genomic characteristics, and genetic variation of the bovine papillomavirus 2 genotype (bpv-2) aks-01 strain at the molecular level, genotyping of this strain from the skin samples of cows in southern xinjiang (china) was first detected by the polymerase chain reaction with fap59/fap64 primers. based on the complete genome of the bpv-2 reference strain, specific primers and sequencing primers were designed, and the complete genome of the aks-01 strain ampl ...201526524909
detection and quantification of bovine papillomavirus type 2 in urinary bladders and lymph nodes in cases of bovine enzootic hematuria from the endemic region of azores.bovine enzootic hematuria (beh) is a disease with a severe impact on production indexes and characterized by the development of bovine urinary bladder tumors, particularly in the azores archipelago. the purpose of this study was to investigate and quantify bpv2 tissue distribution in bovine urinary bladder tumors, normal bladders, and iliac lymph nodes of cattle from the azores. a real-time pcr system targeting the l1 gene was developed and allowed for the specific detection of the virus. bpv2 d ...201526003566
human papillomavirus type 18 cis-elements crucial for segregation and latency.stable maintenance replication is characteristic of the latency phase of hpv infection, during which the viral genomes are actively maintained as extrachromosomal genetic elements in infected proliferating basal keratinocytes. active replication in the s-phase and segregation of the genome into daughter cells in mitosis are required for stable maintenance replication. most of our knowledge about papillomavirus genome segregation has come from studies of bovine papillomavirus type 1 (bpv-1), whic ...201526288015
characterization of the nuclear matrix targeting sequence (nmts) of the bpv1 e8/e2 protein--the shortest known nmts.technological advantages in sequencing and proteomics have revealed the remarkable diversity of alternative protein isoforms. typically, the localization and functions of these isoforms are unknown and cannot be predicted. also the localization signals leading to particular subnuclear compartments have not been identified and thus, predicting alternative functions due to alternative subnuclear localization is limited only to very few subnuclear compartments. knowledge of the localization and fun ...201526218798
co-administration with dna encoding papillomavirus capsid proteins enhances the antitumor effects generated by therapeutic hpv dna vaccination.dna vaccines have emerged as attractive candidates for the control of human papillomavirus (hpv)-associated malignancies. however, dna vaccines suffer from limited immunogenicity and thus strategies to enhance dna vaccine potency are needed. we have previously demonstrated that for dna vaccines encoding hpv-16 e7 antigen (crt/e7) linkage with calreticulin (crt) linked enhances both the e7-specific cd8(+) t cell immune responses and antitumor effects against e7-expressing tumors. in the current s ...201526113972
phosphorylation of hpv-16 e2 at serine 243 enables binding to brd4 and mitotic chromosomes.the papillomavirus e2 protein is involved in the maintenance of persistent infection and known to bind either to cellular factors or directly to mitotic chromosomes in order to partition the viral genome into the daughter cells. however, how the hpv-16 e2 protein acts to facilitate partitioning of the viral genome remains unclear. in this study, we found that serine 243 of hpv-16 e2, located in the hinge region, is crucial for chromosome binding during mitosis. bromodomain protein 4 (brd4) has b ...201425340539
quantitative pcr high-resolution melting (qpcr-hrm) curve analysis, a new approach to rapid detection and differentiation of bovine papillomavirus detected in equine sarcoids.the aim of the study was to evaluate a novel diagnostic scheme which combines quantitative pcr and high-resolution melting (qpcr-hrm) curve analysis for rapid differentiation based on e5 partial cds of bovine papillomavirus type 1 or 2 (bpv-1 or bpv-2), and to perform a phylogenetic analysis of the complete cds of the e5 gene of bpv detected in equine sarcoids. samples of 38 skin lesions obtained from 27 horses were collected for molecular examinations. all lesions were clinically diagnosed as s ...201424988849
first report of a variant bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) in cattle in the iberian peninsula.infections caused by bovine papillomavirus (bpv) have been described worldwide. some types, like bpv-1 and bpv-2, have been reported in association with skin warts and fibropapillomas in cattle and sarcoids in equids. in this study we have investigated the presence of bpv in cutaneous warts isolated from a steer in spain. cutaneous fibropapillomatosis was confirmed by histopathological analysis. complete genome was amplified by multiple-primed rolling circle and the l1, e5 and e6 genes were sequ ...201425273965
bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) e5 oncoprotein binds to the subunit d of the v₁-atpase proton pump in naturally occurring urothelial tumors of the urinary bladder of cattle.active infection by bovine papillomavirus type 2 (bpv-2) was documented for fifteen urinary bladder tumors in cattle. two were diagnosed as papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (punlmp), nine as papillary and four as invasive urothelial cancers.201424586417
the presence and gene expression of bovine papillomavirus in the peripheral blood and semen of healthy horses.papillomavirus (pv) are double-stranded dna viruses that can cause both benignant and malignant tumours in mammals. twelve genotypes of bovine papillomavirus (bpv1-12) have been identified so far. the presence of bpv1 and 2 has been found in the body fluids of cattle and horses. the aim of this study is to investigate the presence of bpv dna and the expression of viral genes in the blood and sperm cells of healthy horses using pcr and rt-pcr. bpv-1 or 2 was detected in 14 of 70 blood samples (20 ...201423210736
development of a dna-based vaccine strategy against bovine papillomavirus infection, involving the e5 or l2 gene.papillomaviruses are known to cause tumor lesions, generally benign, in epithelial tissues of diverse organisms; these lesions may progress to cancer under suitable conditions. bovine papillomavirus (bpv) can cause urinary bladder cancer and cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract. furthermore, bpv1 and bpv2 are implicated in the development of tumors in equids. many studies with animal models clearly demonstrate that dna vaccines are very effective tools in controlling viral infections, prov ...201424634133
interactions between e6, fak, and git1 at paxillin ld4 are necessary for transformation by bovine papillomavirus 1 e6.bovine papillomavirus 1 e6 interacts with two similar proteins that regulate cell attachment and cell migration called paxillin (pxn) and hic-5 (also known as hic5, ara55, hic-5, tsc-5, and tgfb1i1). despite the similarity between hic-5 and paxillin, paxillin is required for e6 to transform mouse embryo fibroblasts while hic-5 is not. using mutants of paxillin, we found that dynamic competitive interactions between e6, focal adhesion kinase, and the git1 arf-gap protein for binding to paxillin a ...201424942580
e1-mediated recruitment of a uaf1-usp deubiquitinase complex facilitates human papillomavirus dna replication.the human papillomavirus (hpv) e1 helicase promotes viral dna replication through its dna unwinding activity and association with host factors. the e1 proteins from anogenital hpv types interact with the cellular wd repeat-containing factor uaf1 (formerly known as p80). specific amino acid substitutions in e1 that impair this interaction inhibit maintenance of the viral episome in immortalized keratinocytes and reduce viral dna replication by up to 70% in transient assays. in this study, we dete ...201424850727
sarcoid-derived fibroblasts: links between genomic instability, energy metabolism and senescence.bovine papillomavirus 1 (bpv-1) is a well recognized etiopathogenetic factor in a cancer-like state in horses, namely equine sarcoid disease. nevertheless, little is known about bpv-1-mediated cell transforming effects. it was shown that bpv-1 triggers genomic instability through dna hypomethylation and oxidative stress. in the present study, we further characterized bpv-1-positive fibroblasts derived from sarcoid tumors. the focus was on cancer-like features of sarcoid-derived fibroblasts, incl ...201424148276
bovine papillomavirus: opening new trends for comparative pathology.for many years, research on bovine papillomavirus (bpv) has contributed to the understanding of papillomavirus-induced pathology in humans and animals. the present review shows how recent studies on bpv keep providing evidence concerning key points in viral infection, such as the expression of viral proteins in lymphocytes and the occurrence of productive infections of the placenta. studies on bpv-induced tumours also provide important information concerning the mechanisms of oncogenesis and imm ...201423929231
bovine papillomavirus type 10 with a deletion associated with a lingual papilloma in a cow.different types of papillomavirus usually cause papillomas in specific tissues. previously, bovine papillomavirus (bpv) type 10 has been associated specifically with cutaneous papillomas in cattle. in this study, bpv-10 was detected in a papilloma on the tongue of a cow. whole genome analysis demonstrated that the sequence of this bpv-10 strain had a 129 base pair deletion in the e1 open reading frame, which was confirmed by southern blot analysis, pcr and reverse transcriptase-pcr.201424361146
complete genome sequence of bovine papillomavirus genotype 13 from local yellow cattle in hainan province, china.here, we present the complete genome sequence of bovine papillomavirus genotype 13 isolated from local yellow cattle in hainan, china. the genome is 7,961 bp and contains six early genes and two late genes. this analysis provides important information for the research of bovine papillomavirus (bpv) in china.201425477399
structural characterization of a c-terminally truncated e5 oncoprotein from papillomavirus in lipid bilayers.e5 is the major transforming oncoprotein of bovine papillomavirus, which activates the platelet-derived growth factor receptor β in a highly specific manner. the short transmembrane protein e5 with only 44 residues interacts directly with the transmembrane segments of the receptor, but structural details are not available. biophysical investigations are challenging, because the hydrophobic e5 protein tends to aggregate and get cross-linked non-specifically via two cys residues near its c-terminu ...201425324446
bovine papillomavirus in beef cattle: first description of bpv-12 and putative type bapv8 in brazil.bovine papillomavirus (bpv) is an oncogenic virus associated with benign and malignant lesions, which result in notable economic losses. peripheral blood samples and cutaneous papillomas were obtained from four adult beef cattle. viral molecular identification was performed using specific primers for bpv-1, -2 and -4 in blood diagnosis and fap59/fap64 for skin papillomas. histopathologic examination was done as a complementary and differential diagnosis. the fragments were purified, sequenced, a ...201425117322
bovine papillomavirus isolation by ultracentrifugation.the bovine papillomavirus (bpv) is the etiological agent of bovine papillomatosis, which causes significant economic losses to livestock, characterized by the presence of papillomas that regress spontaneously or persist and progress to malignancy. currently, there are 13 types of bpvs described in the literature as well as 32 putative new types. this study aimed to isolate viral particles of bpv from skin papillomas, using a novel viral isolation method. the virus types were previously identifie ...201425102429
bovine and human papillomaviruses: a comparative review.fifty years ago, inoculation with bovine papillomavirus (bpv) was found to cause mesenchymal tumors of the skin in cattle and horses, as well as tumors of the bladder in cattle. subsequent to these studies of bpvs, human papillomaviruses (hpvs) were found to cause cervical cancer resulting in intense research into papillomaviruses. during the past 50 years, the ways that hpvs and bpvs cause disease have been investigated, and both hpvs and bpvs have been associated with an increasingly diverse r ...201424981715
mutational analysis of the helicase domain of a replication initiator protein reveals critical roles of lys 272 of the b' motif and lys 289 of the β-hairpin loop in geminivirus replication.replication initiator protein (rep) is indispensable for rolling-circle replication of geminiviruses, a group of plant-infecting circular ssdna viruses. however, the mechanism of dna unwinding by circular ssdna virus-encoded helicases is unknown. to understand geminivirus rep function, we compared the sequence and secondary structure of rep with those of bovine papillomavirus e1 and employed charged residue-to-alanine scanning mutagenesis to generate a set of single-substitution mutants in walke ...201424728710
analysis of the long control region of bovine papillomavirus type 1 associated with sarcoids in equine hosts indicates multiple cross-species transmission events and phylogeographical structure.papillomaviruses are a family of slowly evolving dna viruses and their evolution is commonly linked to that of their host species. however, whilst bovine papillomavirus-1 (bpv-1) primarily causes warts in its natural host, the cow, it can also cause locally aggressive and invasive skin tumours in equids, known as sarcoids, and thus provides a rare contemporary example of cross-species transmission of a papillomavirus. here, we describe the first phylogenetic analysis of bpv-1 in equine sarcoids ...201425185436
meeting report vlpnpv: session 5: plant based technology.the vlpnpv 2014 conference that was convened at the salk institute was the second conference of its kind to focus on advances in production, purification, and delivery of virus-like particles (vlps) and nanoparticles. many exciting developments were reported and discussed in this interdisciplinary arena, but here we report specifically on the contributions of plant-based platforms to vlp vaccine technology as reported in the section of the conference devoted to the topic as well in additional pr ...201425581535
bovine papillomavirus type 13 dna in equine sarcoids.equine sarcoids are locally aggressive fibroblastic neoplasms considered to be the most common skin tumors of horses worldwide. bovine papillomavirus types 1 and 2 have typically been associated with sarcoids in equids. investigations aiming to identify papillomavirus strains, aside from bovine papillomaviruses 1 and 2, which might be associated with sarcoid lesions, have been lacking. the aim of this article is to report the identification of a third bovine papillomavirus type, bovine papilloma ...201323637294
chromosome aberrations in cells infected with bovine papillomavirus: comparing cutaneous papilloma, esophagus papilloma, and urinary bladder lesion cells.the majority of malignant cells present genetic instability with chromosome number changes plus segmental defects: these changes involve intact chromosomes and breakage-induced alterations. some pathways of chromosomal instability have been proposed as random breakage, telomere fusion, and centromere fission. chromosome alterations in tumor cells have been described in animal models and in vitro experiments. one important question is about possible discrepancies between animal models, in vitro s ...201324298391
bovine papillomavirus e2 and e5 gene expression in sperm cells of healthy bulls.papillomaviruses are found in epithelial lesions and are linked to different carcinogenic processes in humans and other animals. although bpv has been characterized as epitheliotropic, the presence of viral dna has been detected in other tissues and fluids, such as fresh semen. the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence and expression of bpv in sperm cells of bulls (bos taurus) asymptomatic for papillomatosis. a pcr assay was carried out with specific primers to test bpv2 in 26 semen sam ...201324426320
expression and in silico analysis of the recombinant bovine papillomavirus e6 protein as a model for viral oncoproteins studies.bovine papillomaviruses (bpvs) are recognized as the causal agents of economical relevant diseases in cattle, associated with the development of tumors in skin and mucosa. the oncogenesis process is mainly associated with different viral oncoprotein expressions, which are involved in cell transformation. the expression and characterization of recombinant viral oncoproteins represent an attractive strategy to obtain biotechnological products as antibodies and potential vaccines, thus, the aim of ...201323878806
bovine papillomavirus in brazil: detection of coinfection of unusual types by a pcr-rflp method.bovine papillomavirus (bpv) is recognized as a causal agent of benign and malignant tumors in cattle. thirteen types of bpv are currently characterized and classified into three distinct genera, associated with different pathological outcomes. the described bpv types as well as other putative ones have been demonstrated by molecular biology methods, mainly by the employment of degenerated pcr primers. specifically, divergences in the nucleotide sequence of the l1 gene are useful for the identifi ...201323865043
the many unknown aspects of bovine papillomavirus diversity, infection and pathogenesis. 201323846030
bovine papillomavirus on the scene of crime: is e5 oncogene the only guilty party?bovine papillomaviruses (bpvs) induce hyperplastic and tumoral lesions not only in cows but also in other different animal species. the transforming activity of bpvs is due to its major e5 oncogene. recent studies have highlighted the role of e5 in cancer development but very little is known about e6 and e7 oncogenes. in this letter we argue for the need of investigating e6 as well as e7 to better understand the role of these two oncogenes during carcinogenesis.201323829702
comparison of two pcr strategies for the detection of bovine papillomavirus.bovine papillomavirus (bpv) is a diverse group of double-stranded dna oncogenic viruses, which have been detected in epithelial lesions and body fluids. most studies of bpv infection rely on a single method for dna detection; however the use of any single method or technique may underestimate the true prevalence of this virus. the purpose of this study was to compare two pcr strategies for the detection of bpv in skin lesions and fluids: these involve the use of bpv type-specific and consensus p ...201323669103
ck2 phosphorylation inactivates dna binding by the papillomavirus e1 and e2 proteins.papillomaviruses have complex life cycles that are understood only superficially. although it is well established that the viral e1 and e2 proteins play key roles in controlling viral transcription and dna replication, how these factors are regulated is not well understood. here, we demonstrate that phosphorylation by the protein kinase ck2 controls the biochemical activities of the bovine papillomavirus e1 and e2 proteins by modifying their dna binding activity. phosphorylation at multiple site ...201323637413
molecular epidemiology of bovine papillomatosis and the identification of a putative new virus type in brazilian cattle.bovine papillomaviruses (bpvs) are a diverse group of double-stranded dna viruses, of which 12 viral types have been detected and characterized so far. however, there is still a limited understanding of the diversity of bpv. several putative new bpvs have been detected and some of these have been recently characterized as new viral types. however, only a very limited amount of information is available on the pathology associated with these novel viral types yet this information could be of signi ...201323489845
detection and expression of bovine papillomavirus in blood of healthy and papillomatosis-affected cattle.papillomaviruses (pv) are double-stranded dna viruses that can cause benignant and malignant tumors in amniotes. there are 13 types of bovine papillomavirus (bpv-1 to -13); they have been found in reproductive tissues and body fluids. normally these viruses are detected in epithelial tissue. we looked for bpv in the blood of healthy cattle and cattle with papillomatosis, using pcr and rt-pcr. bpv types 1 and 2 were detected in 8/12 blood samples of asymptomatic bovines and in 8/9 samples from ca ...201323479176
entropy-based approach for selecting informative regions in the l1 gene of bovine papillomavirus for phylogenetic inference and primer design.bovine papillomaviruses (bpvs) cause many benign and malignant lesions in cattle and other animals. twelve bpv types have been identified so far, and several putative novel bpv types have been detected based on the analysis of l1 gene fragments, generated by fap59/64 and my11/09 primers. phylogenetic trees are important in studies that describe novel bpv types. however, topological mistakes could be a problem in such studies. therefore, we made use of entropy to find phylogenetic informative reg ...201323420364
bovine papillomavirus e5 and e7 oncoproteins in naturally occurring tumors: are two better than one?bovine papillomaviruses (bpvs) are oncogenic dna viruses, which mainly induce benign lesions of cutaneous and/or mucosal epithelia in cattle. thirteen (bpv 1-13) different viral genotypes have been characterized so far. bpvs are usually species-specific but bpv 1/2 may also infect equids as well as buffaloes and bison and cause tumors in these species. bpv-induced benign lesions usually regress, however occasionally they develop into cancer particularly in the presence of environmental carcinoge ...201323302179
compensatory mutants of the bovine papillomavirus e5 protein and the platelet-derived growth factor β receptor reveal a complex direct transmembrane interaction.the 44-amino-acid e5 protein of bovine papillomavirus is a dimeric transmembrane protein that exists in a stable complex with the platelet-derived growth factor (pdgf) β receptor, causing receptor activation and cell transformation. the transmembrane domain of the pdgf β receptor is required for complex formation, but it is not known if the two proteins contact one another directly. here, we studied a pdgf β receptor mutant containing a leucine-to-isoleucine substitution in its transmembrane dom ...201323926343
a single amino acid substitution converts a transmembrane protein activator of the platelet-derived growth factor β receptor into an inhibitor.receptors for pdgf play an important role in cell proliferation and migration and have been implicated in certain cancers. the 44-amino acid e5 protein of bovine papillomavirus binds to and activates the pdgfβ receptor (pdgfβr), resulting in oncogenic transformation of cultured fibroblasts. previously, we isolated an artificial 36-amino acid transmembrane protein, ptm36-4, which transforms cells because of its ability to activate the pdgfβr despite limited sequence similarity to e5. here, we dem ...201323908351
spontaneous cutaneous papillomatosis in yaks and detection and quantification of bovine papillomavirus-1 and -2.seven clinical cases of cutaneous papillomatosis in yaks were studied in arunachal pradesh, india. sporadic, single or a chain of multiple varying size warts appeared around the eyes or on the body. predominant site of warts was around eyes. histopathologically, these cases were diagnosed as fibropapilloma. it was confirmed by the detection of bpv-1 and bpv-2 or their mixed infection by pcr and sequencing. quantitative sybr green real-time pcr detected comparatively lower viral dna copy number i ...201323206264
teat papillomatosis associated with bovine papillomavirus types 6, 7, 9, and 10 in dairy cattle from brazil.this study describes the clinical, histopathological, and virological characterization of teat papillomatosis from brazilian dairy cattle herds. four types of bovine papillomavirus were identified (bpv6, 7, 9, and 10); one of these (bpv7) is being detected for the first time in brazilian cattle.201324516429
bovine papillomavirus-like particles presenting conserved epitopes from membrane-proximal external region of hiv-1 gp41 induced mucosal and systemic antibodies.two conserved epitopes, located in the membrane-proximal external region (mper) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) gp41, are recognized by two hiv-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies 2f5 and 4e10, and are promising targets for vaccine design in efforts to elicit anti-hiv-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies. since most hiv-1 infections initiate at mucosal surfaces, induction of mucosal neutralizing antibodies is necessary and of utmost importance to counteract hiv-1 infection. here, w ...201324055348
papillomavirus associated diseases of the horse.the papillomaviridae family comprises a large number of viruses that can infect a broad range of hosts including mammals, birds and reptiles giving rise to benign lesions of the skin or mucosal membranes. they are characterized by great genetic diversity yet adhere to common biological principles. in this review, we first describe the structure and function of the viral proteins encoded by papillomaviruses (pvs), with a particular emphasis on bovine papillomaviruses (bpv). we then discuss the ro ...201324016387
bovine papillomavirus clastogenic effect analyzed in comet assay.bovine papillomavirus (bpv) is an oncogenic virus related to serious livestock diseases. oncoproteins encoded by bpv are involved in several steps of cellular transformation and have been reported as presenting clastogenic effects in peripheral lymphocytes and primary culture cells. the aim of this study was to evaluate the clastogenic potential of bpv types 1, 2, and 4 by comet assay. peripheral blood was collected from 37 bovines, 32 infected with different levels of papillomatosis (12 animals ...201323956996
acetylation of conserved lysines in bovine papillomavirus e2 by p300.the p300, cbp, and pcaf lysine acetyltransferase (kat) proteins have been reported to physically interact with bovine (bpv) and human (hpv) papillomavirus e2 proteins. while overexpression of these kat proteins enhances e2-dependent transcription, the mechanism has not been determined. using rna interference (rnai) to deplete these factors, we demonstrated that e2 transcriptional activity requires physiological levels of p300, cbp, and pcaf. each protein appears to have a unique function in e2-d ...201323152516
Refresh
firstprev
12345678910...
nextlast
Displaying items 1 - 100 of 1527