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changes in global protein expression in sea turtle cells exposed to common contaminants indicates new biomarkers of chemical exposure.non-targeted protein expression at the cellular level can provide insights into mechanistic effects of contaminants in wildlife, and hence new and potentially more accurate biomarkers of exposure and effect. however, this technique has been relatively unexplored in the realm of in vitro biomarker discovery in threatened wildlife, despite the vulnerability of this group of animals to adverse sublethal effects of contaminant exposure. here we examined the usefulness of non-targeted protein express ...202132890801
recovery of a large herbivore changes regulation of seagrass productivity in a naturally grazed caribbean ecosystem.what happens in meadows after populations of natural grazers rebound following centuries of low abundance? many seagrass ecosystems are now experiencing this phenomenon with the recovery of green turtles (chelonia mydas), large-bodied marine herbivores that feed on seagrasses. these seagrass ecosystems provide a rare opportunity to study ecosystem-wide shifts that result from a recovery of herbivores. we evaluate changes in regulation of seagrass productivity in a naturally grazed tropical ecosy ...202032882749
venous blood gas and biochemical analysis of wild captured green turtles (chelonia mydas) and kemp's ridley turtles (lepidochelys kempii) from the gulf of mexico.blood was collected from wild captured green and kemp's ridley turtles off the west coast of florida, usa. blood gases and biochemical values were analyzed using a point of care (poc) device in the field. analytes include ph, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pco2), partial pressure of oxygen (po2), total carbon dioxide (tco2), bicarbonate (hco3), base excess (be), oxygen saturation (so2), lactate, sodium (na), potassium (k), chloride (cl), total carbon dioxide (tco2), anion gap, ionized calci ...202032785283
main airway throughout the nasal cavity of green sea turtles is lined by keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.structural and histological features of the nasal cavity of sea turtles are largely different from those of other testudines species. the sea turtle nasal cavity is a pair of tubular structures with three diverticula and an excavation in the center, and three types of sensory epithelium are present in these four significant structures. to more clarify the adaptation of the nasal cavity to marine life style in sea turtles, non-sensory epithelium in the nasal cavity of green sea turtles (chelonia ...202032746990
quantifying local ecological knowledge to model historical abundance of long-lived, heavily-exploited fauna.deriving robust historical population trends for long-lived species subject to human exploitation is challenging in scenarios where long-term scientific data are scarce or unavailable, as often occurs for species affected by small-scale fisheries and subsistence hunting. the importance of local ecological knowledge (lek) in data-poor scenarios is increasingly recognized in conservation, both in terms of uncovering historical trends and for engaging community stewardship of historic information. ...202032742788
open ocean reorientation and challenges of island finding by sea turtles during long-distance migration.in 1873, charles darwin marveled at the ability of sea turtles to find isolated island breeding sites [1], but the details of how sea turtles and other taxa navigate during these migrations remains an open question [2]. exploring this question using free-living individuals is difficult because, despite thousands of sea turtles being satellite tracked across hundreds of studies [3], most are tracked to mainland coasts where the navigational challenges are easiest. we overcame this problem by reco ...202032679095
behavioral effects of scents from male mature rathke glands on juvenile green sea turtles (chelonia mydas).sea turtles can detect airborne and waterborne odors, but whether they recognize scents from the same species and if so, how they affect their behavior remains unknown. the present study evaluated the behavioral effects of odorants on juvenile green sea turtles (chelonia mydas). the odorants were derived from rathke glands (external scent glands) of mature male green sea turtles, and from two types of food. the activity of the juveniles increased when exposed to food scents, and significantly de ...202032655096
anaesthesia of hatchling green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) with intramuscular ketamine-medetomidine-tramadol.to characterise intramuscular ketamine-medetomidine-tramadol anaesthesia in hatchling green sea turtles (chelonia mydas).202032643182
harmful algal and cyanobacterial toxins in foraging green turtles (chelonia mydas) in florida's big bend.numerous toxin-producing harmful algal (hab) species occur in florida's coastal waters. exposure to these toxins has been shown to have sublethal effects in sea turtles. the objective of this study was to establish concentrations of 10 hab toxins in plasma samples from green turtles (chelonia mydas) foraging in florida's big bend. domoic acid, lyngbyatoxin-a, microcystins, nodularin, and okadaic acid were detected, demonstrating exposure to these hab toxins, which are also a public health concer ...202032550576
spinal anesthesia in green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) undergoing surgical removal of cutaneous fibropapillomas.techniques for anesthesia of green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) are required for medical treatment. the use of spinal anesthesia has been reported in a few species of turtles for different purposes. the objective of this study was to evaluate the use of 2% lidocaine for spinal anesthesia of green sea turtles undergoing surgical removal of cutaneous fibropapillomas. ten free-ranging green turtles presenting with cutaneous fibropapillomas were included in the study. animals were accidentally captu ...202032549565
exploring plastic-induced satiety in foraging green turtles.in the last decade many studies have described the ingestion of plastic in marine animals. while most studies were dedicated to understanding the pre-ingestion processes involving decision-making foraging choices based on visual and olfactory cues of animals, our knowledge in the post-ingestion consequences remains limited. here we proposed a theoretical complementary view of post-ingestion consequences, attempting to connect plastic ingestion with plastic-induced satiety. we analyzed data of pl ...202032544788
pharmacokinetics of tolfenamic acid in green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) after intravenous and intramuscular administration.the present study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic features of tolfenamic acid (ta) in green sea turtles, chelonia mydas. green sea turtles were administered single either intravenous (i.v.) or intramuscular (i.m.) injection of ta, at a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). blood samples were collected at preassigned times up to 168 hr. the plasma concentrations of ta were measured using a validated liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method. tolfenamic acid plasma concentrations w ...202032524632
use of unmanned aerial vehicles (uavs) for mark-resight nesting population estimation of adult female green sea turtles at raine island.nester abundance is a key measure of the performance of the world's largest green turtle rookery at raine island, australia, and has been estimated by mark-resight counts since 1984. nesters are first marked by painting their carapace with a longitudinal white stripe. painted and unpainted turtles are then counted by a surface observer on a small boat in waters adjacent to the reef. unmanned aerial vehicles (uav) and underwater video may provide more cost-effective and less biased alternatives t ...202032497041
trace elements in green turtles (chelonia mydas) from rocas atoll, ne brazil: baseline reference from a pristine nesting site.this study presents the first report on the concentration of trace elements (al, as, ba, cd, cr, cu, fe, mn, ni, pb, v and zn) in the blood and egg fractions of green turtles from rocas atoll, a pristine nesting site in ne brazil. the highest concentrations of all elements were in the blood or shell samples. in order, iron, zn, cu, al and as presented the highest concentrations in all tissues. the nonessential trace elements were below the limit of detection for more than 50% of the yolk (al, cd ...202032469744
climate change and green sea turtle sex ratio-preventing possible extinction.climate change poses a threat to species with temperature-dependent sex determination (tsd). a recent study on green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) at the northern great barrier reef (gbr) showed a highly female-skewed sex ratio with almost all juvenile turtles being female. this shortage of males might eventually cause population extinction, unless rapid evolutionary rescue, migration, range shifts, or conservation efforts ensure a sufficient number of males. we built a stochastic individual-base ...202032466335
comparisons of stable isotope composition among tissues of green turtles.ecologists often need to make choices about what body parts (tissues or organs) of an animal to sample. the decision is typically guided by the need to treat animals as humanely as possible, as well as the information that different body parts can provide. when using stable isotopes, decisions are also influenced by whether specimens would require preservation, and whether they have properties (such as high lipid concentrations) that would influence measurements. sometimes we cannot use a prefer ...202032436593
anoxia effects in asphyxiated green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) caught in an artisanal fishing net on the coast of brazil.among studies of drowning in green sea turtles (chelonia mydas), none have associated drowning with injuries of organs other than the lung. we describe the gross and microscopical findings in 23 green sea turtles found dead in a fishing net. deprived of air, these animals experienced hypoxia and anoxia before dying, which caused congestion, hydropic degeneration and necrosis in several organs. there was no evidence of an alternative cause of death. these findings demonstrate a pattern characteri ...202032359637
bacterial diversity of the green turtle (chelonia mydas) nest environment.the green turtle is an endangered species that is highly sensitive to environmental pollution that can adversely affect the healthy development of eggs. moreover, the presence of some bacteria in nests can be regarded as an indicator of the pollution level in nesting areas. in our study, nest sand and egg contents were collected from sugözü beaches (turkey), in the mediterranean. phenotypic and genotypic identification of bacteria were carried out by using conventional phenotypic methods, 16s rr ...202032325608
identification of gastrointestinal microbiota in hawaiian green turtles (chelonia mydas).green turtles (chelonia mydas) have a hindgut fermentation digestive tract, which uses cellulolytic microbes to break down plant matter in the cecum and proximal colon. previous studies on bacterial communities of green turtles have not identified in situ hindgut microbiota, and never before in hawaiian green turtles, which comprise an isolated metapopulation. fresh samples using sterile swabs were taken from five locations along the gastrointestinal tracts of eight green turtles that had requir ...202032313421
persistent organic pollutants in green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) inhabiting two urbanized southern california habitats.within southern california, east pacific green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) forage year-round, taking advantage of diverse food resources, including seagrass, marine algae, and invertebrates. assessing persistent organic pollutants (pop) in green turtle aggregations in the seal beach national wildlife refuge (sbnwr, n = 17) and san diego bay (sdb, n = 25) can help quantify contamination risks for these populations. blood plasma was analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), organochlorinated ...202032275536
influence of size on total mercury (thg), methyl mercury (mehg), and stable isotopes of n and c in green turtles (chelonia mydas) from ne brazil.the green turtle (chelonia mydas) is known to present an herbivorous diet as an adult; however, juveniles may have an omnivore habit, and these changes in food preference may affect the uptake and accumulation of pollutants, such as mercury (hg). in order to better understand the influence of this ontogenetic shift on hg accumulation, this study evaluates the concentrations of total mercury (thg), methyl mercury (mehg), and stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen (δ13c and δ15n) in a group of juv ...202032242319
comparison of agarose gel and capillary zone electrophoresis methods using plasma from green turtles (chelonia mydas).agarose gel electrophoresis (age) has been widely implemented throughout veterinary medicine and for analysis of plasma proteins of avian and reptile species. capillary zone electrophoresis (cze) is becoming a standard method in human clinical pathology laboratories but has not widely been used for the analysis of animal samples. the objective of the present study was to compare protein fractions derived from age and cze methods using plasma from the green turtle (chelonia mydas). plasma samples ...202032212555
diagnosis and surgical management of a paratesticular cyst in a rehabilitating juvenile male green turtle (chelonia mydas).a juvenile green turtle (chelonia mydas) undergoing rehabilitation for cold stunning exhibited an asymmetric bulging of the left caudal plastron and was diagnosed with a large intra-coelomic mass based on radiographical findings. ultrasonography further identified a fluid-filled structure within the caudal coelom. cytological evaluation of fluid obtained from the structure was consistent with a transudate, and thus, a cyst of unknown origin was suspected. computed tomography imaging was pursued ...202032175336
seascape genetics and the spatial ecology of juvenile green turtles.understanding how ocean currents impact the distribution and connectivity of marine species, provides vital information for the effective conservation management of migratory marine animals. here, we used a combination of molecular genetics and ocean drift simulations to investigate the spatial ecology of juvenile green turtle (chelonia mydas) developmental habitats, and assess the role of ocean currents in driving the dispersal of green turtle hatchlings. we analyzed mitochondrial (mt)dna seque ...202032150879
debris ingestion and nutritional niches in estuarine and reef green turtles.little attention has been drawn toward the effects of marine debris ingestion in relation to nutrient acquisition and fitness consequences. we tested whether anthropogenic debris ingestion influence the nutritional niches of endangered green turtles (chelonia mydas) in estuarine and reef habitats on the brazilian coast. our results showed that estuarine turtles consumed diets with lower proportional wet mass composition of protein (p) and water (w) than their reef conspecifics. the amounts of de ...202032056851
heart rate and cardiac response to exercise during voluntary dives in captive sea turtles (cheloniidae).in chelonids, oxygen is primarily stored in the lungs during a dive. therefore, management of blood oxygen transportation to peripheral tissues by cardiovascular adjustments during submergence is crucial to maximize their dive duration, and consequently, the time spent for ecological activities such as foraging. however, the cardiac response to exercise has rarely been examined in sea turtles. in this study, heart rate and its relationship with exercise during voluntary dives were determined in ...202032033966
discovery of a new tlr gene and gene expansion event through improved desert tortoise genome assembly with chromosome-scale scaffolds.toll-like receptors (tlrs) are a complex family of innate immune genes that are well characterized in mammals and birds but less well understood in nonavian sauropsids (reptiles). the advent of highly contiguous draft genomes of nonmodel organisms enables study of such gene families through analysis of synteny and sequence identity. here, we analyze tlr genes from the genomes of 22 tetrapod species. findings reveal a tlr8 gene expansion in crocodilians and turtles (tlr8b), and a second duplicati ...202032011707
contribution of green turtles chelonia mydas to total herbivore biomass in shallow tropical reefs of oceanic islands.green turtles are megaherbivores with a key role in the dynamics of tropical seagrass meadows, but little is known about their relevance as herbivores in tropical reef habitats. we conducted underwater censuses of green turtles, herbivorous fishes and sea urchins in two distinct tropical regions: fernando de noronha (western atlantic ocean) and the hawaiian archipelago (central pacific ocean), to assess the contribution of green turtles to the total herbivore biomass in shallow reef habitats of ...202031999812
accumulation of trace metals in eggs and hatchlings of chelonia mydas.the objective of this study was to verify the accumulation of trace metals in eggs and hatchlings of chelonia mydas, evaluating if metal accumulation is originated from maternal transfer and/or from the incubation environment. other assessments were also performed, as metal distribution in different tissues (blood, kidney, liver, muscle, and turtle shells) of newly hatched turtles, and genotoxic analysis, to verify possible damages caused by the presence of metals.202033164783
trace elements and stable isotopes in egg yolk of green turtles on rocas atoll, brazil.this study analyzed trace elements (as, ba, cd, cu, fe, mn, pb, zn) and stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in egg yolk samples of female green turtles that nested in rocas atoll, brazil, in 2017 and 2018. the trace elements concentration varied between years, with higher concentrations in 2017, suggesting that the nesting groups come from different foraging sites. the isotopic data indicated high overlap between years (73%), leading to an ambiguous interpretation on the turtles' foraging sit ...202033162056
enrofloxacin and its major metabolite ciprofloxacin in green sea turtles (chelonia mydas): an explorative pharmacokinetic study.the present study aimed to assess the pharmacokinetic features of enrofloxacin (enr) and its major metabolite, ciprofloxacin (cip) in green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) after single intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administration at two dosages of 5 and 7.5 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). the study used 10 animals randomly divided into equal groups. blood samples were collected at assigned times up to 168 hr. the concentrations of enr and cip in turtle plasma were quantified by a validated ...202033107624
trace element concentrations in blood and scute tissues from wild and captive hawaiian green sea turtles (chelonia mydas).sea turtles are exposed to trace elements through water, sediment, and food. exposure to these elements has been shown to decrease immune function, impair growth, and decrease reproductive output in wildlife. this study compares trace element concentrations in green turtles in captivity at sea life park hawaii (n = 6) to wild green turtles in kapoho bay, hi (n = 5 to 7). blood and scute samples were collected and analyzed for eleven elements via inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (icp- ...202033103806
development and application of species-specific cell-based bioassays to assess toxicity in green sea turtles.despite the detection of a wide range of contaminants in the blood of green turtle populations foraging in three locations of northern queensland - upstart bay, cleveland bay and the howick group of reefs, little is known about the effects of these contaminants on turtle health. newly developed cell-based bioassays using green turtle primary cell cultures provide an ethical, reproducible, and high-throughput method for assessing the risk of chemical exposure sea turtles. in this project, the tox ...202033076209
green turtle (chelonia mydas) grazing plot formation creates structural changes in a multi-species great barrier reef seagrass meadow.the great barrier reef (gbr) contains extensive seagrass meadows with abundant and diverse herbivore populations. typically, meadows in the region are multi-species and dominated by fast growing opportunistic seagrass species. however, we know little about how herbivores modify these types of seagrass meadows by grazing. we conducted the first megaherbivore exclusion study in the gbr at green island (queensland) to understand how green turtle grazing structures these multi-species tropical seagr ...202033065522
gillnet illumination as an effective measure to reduce sea turtle bycatch.the growing demand for fish around the world is an immediate threat to marine megafauna that are unintentionally captured in commercial and artisanal fishery operations. bycatch mitigation strategies such as turtle excluder devices, circle hooks, and net illumination have successfully reduced this risk in some fisheries. this study explored the effectiveness of gillnet illumination to reduce sea turtle captures in two artisanal fisheries (mankoadze and winneba, ghana) under normal fishing condit ...202033000519
coastal bays and coral cays: multi-element study of chelonia mydas forage in the great barrier reef (2015-2017).there is increasing interest in understanding potential impacts of complex pollutant profiles to long-lived species such as the green sea turtle (chelonia mydas), a threatened megaherbivore resident in north australia. dietary ingestion may be a key exposure route for metals in these animals and marine plants can accumulate metals at higher concentrations than the surrounding environment. we investigated concentrations of 19 metals and metalloids in c. mydas forage samples collected from a group ...202032927538
investigating the effects of nest shading on the green turtle (chelonia mydas) hatchling phenotype in the ogasawara islands using a field-based split clutch experiment.the ogasawara islands are an important rookery for the green turtle (chelonia mydas) in the north pacific. green turtles possess temperature-dependent sex determination, and warmer incubation temperatures produce more females than males. therefore, conservation practices such as nest shading may be required for this population to mitigate the effect of global warming on their sex ratio. to consider the application of such conservation practices in the ogasawara population, it is fundamental to u ...202032894008
the effect of diet on the gastrointestinal microbiome of juvenile rehabilitating green turtles (chelonia mydas).threatened and endangered green turtles (chelonia mydas) are unique because as juveniles they recruit from pelagic to near-shore waters and shift from an omnivorous to primarily herbivorous diet (i.e. seagrass and algae). nevertheless, when injured and ill animals are admitted to rehabilitation, animal protein (e.g. seafood) is often offered to combat poor appetite and emaciation. we examined how the fecal microbiome of juvenile green turtles changed in response to a dietary shift during rehabil ...202031940380
population-specific signatures of intra-individual mitochondrial dna heteroplasmy and their potential evolutionary advantages.heteroplasmy is the existence of more than one mitochondrial dna (mtdna) variant within a cell. the evolutionary mechanisms of heteroplasmy are not fully understood, despite being a very common phenomenon. here we combined heteroplasmy measurements using high throughput sequencing on green turtles (chelonia mydas) with simulations to understand how heteroplasmy modulates population diversity across generations and under different demographic scenarios. we found heteroplasmy to be widespread in a ...202031937820
contrasted habitats and individual plasticity drive the fine scale movements of juvenile green turtles in coastal ecosystems.a strong behavioural plasticity is commonly evidenced in the movements of marine megafauna species, and it might be related to an adaptation to local conditions of the habitat. one way to investigate such behavioural plasticity is to satellite track a large number of individuals from contrasting foraging grounds, but despite recent advances in satellite telemetry techniques, such studies are still very limited in sea turtles.202031921423
molecular evidence for horizontal transmission of chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 at green turtle (chelonia mydas) foraging grounds in queensland, australia.fibropapillomatosis (fp) is a marine turtle disease recognised by benign tumours on the skin, eyes, shell, oral cavity and/or viscera. despite being a globally distributed disease that affects an endangered species, research on fp and its likely causative agent chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 (chhv5) in australia is limited. here we present improved molecular assays developed for detection of chhv5, in combination with a robust molecular and phylogenetic analysis of chhv5 variants. this approach uti ...202031917785
pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin in green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) following intravenous and intramuscular administration at two dosage rates.limited pharmacokinetic information to establish suitable therapeutic plans is available for green sea turtles. therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of marbofloxacin (mbf) in the green sea turtle, chelonia mydas, following single intravenous (i.v.) or intramuscular (i.m.) administration at two dosages of 2 and 4 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). blood samples were collected at assigned times up to 168 hr. mbf in plasma was extracted using liquid-liqu ...202031851387
health assessment of juvenile green turtles in southern são paulo state, brazil: a hematologic approach.we assessed the health status and hematologic and blood chemistry values of 48 juvenile green turtles (chelonia mydas) on the southeastern coast of brazil (25°s 48°w). we investigated the impact of size and weight, nutritional condition, and presence of epibionts and fibropapilloma tumors. nutritional status was good for 39 animals; these animals had higher serum albumin, cholesterol, and phosphorus concentrations than 9 animals with a fair nutritional score. reference values for hematology and ...202031845622
tmc1 and tmc2 proteins are pore-forming subunits of mechanosensitive ion channels.transmembrane channel-like (tmc) 1 and 2 are required for the mechanotransduction of mouse inner ear hair cells and localize to the site of mechanotransduction in mouse hair cell stereocilia. however, it remains unclear whether tmc1 and tmc2 are indeed ion channels and whether they can sense mechanical force directly. here we express tmc1 from the green sea turtle (cmtmc1) and tmc2 from the budgerigar (mutmc2) in insect cells, purify and reconstitute the proteins, and show that liposome-reconsti ...202031761710
comparative cytogenetics of four sea turtle species (cheloniidae): g-banding pattern and in situ localization of repetitive dna units.sea turtles are considered flagship species for marine biodiversity conservation and are considered to be at varying risk of extinction globally. cases of hybridism have been reported in sea turtles, but chromosomal analyses are limited to classical karyotype descriptions and a few molecular cytogenetic studies. in order to compare karyotypes and understand evolutive mechanisms related to chromosome dif-ferentiation in this group, chelonia mydas, caretta caretta, eretmochelys imbricata, and lepi ...202033120383
molecular assessment of chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 infection in tumor-free green (chelonia mydas) and loggerhead (caretta caretta) sea turtles in north carolina, usa, 2015-2019.fibropapillomatosis is associated with chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 (chhv5) and tumor formation in sea turtles. we collected blood samples from 113 green (chelonia mydas) and 112 loggerhead (caretta caretta) turtles without fibropapillomatosis, including 46 free-ranging turtles (20 green turtles, 26 loggerheads), captured in core sound, north carolina, and 179 turtles (93 green turtles, 86 loggerheads) in rehabilitative care in north carolina. blood samples were analyzed for chhv5 dna using quant ...202033113823
no evidence of selection against anomalous scute arrangements between juvenile and adult sea turtles in florida.variations in the number and arrangement of scutes often are used for species identification in hard-shelled sea turtles. despite the conserved nature of scute arrangements, anomalous arrangements have been noted in the literature for over a century, with anomalies linked to sub-optimal environmental conditions in the nest during development. long-held assumptions suggest that anomalous scute arrangements are indicative of underlying physiological or morphological anomalies, with presumed long-t ...202033111991
newly emerging diseases of marine turtles, especially sea turtle egg fusariosis (seft), caused by species in the fusarium solani complex (fssc).sea turtles are presently considered severely endangered species that are historically threatened by many environmental factors. recently, additional threats to sea turtles from two pathogenic species of fungi in the fusarium solani species complex (f. falciforme and f. keratoplasticum) have been identified. these species infect marine turtle eggs, causing sea turtle egg fusariosis, and kill their embryos, with recent reports of hatch-failure in seven globally distributed species of endangered s ...202033062381
red blood cell osmotic fragility in healthy loggerhead and green sea turtles.loggerhead (caretta caretta; cc) and green sea (chelonia mydas; cm) turtles admitted to rehabilitation facilities may require blood transfusions for supportive treatment of disorders resulting in life-threatening anemia, but, considering the unique erythrocyte chemistry of sea turtles, standardized donor red blood cell (rbc) storage protocols have not been established. prolonged cold storage and the effects of various anticoagulant-preservative solutions have been associated with increased rbc o ...202032996405
ocular ultrasonography of sea turtles.environmental changes contribute to the development of ophthalmic diseases in sea turtles, but information on their eye biometrics is scarce. the aim of this study was to describe ophthalmic ultrasonographic features of four different sea turtle species; caretta caretta (loggerhead turtle; n = 10), chelonia mydas (green turtle; n = 8), eretmochelys imbricata (hawksbill turtle; n = 8) and lepidochelys olivacea (olive ridley; n = 6) under human care. corneal thickness, scleral ossicle width and th ...202032912266
managing fisheries in a world with more sea turtles.for decades, fisheries have been managed to limit the accidental capture of vulnerable species and many of these populations are now rebounding. while encouraging from a conservation perspective, as populations of protected species increase so will bycatch, triggering management actions that limit fishing. here, we show that despite extensive regulations to limit sea turtle bycatch in a coastal gillnet fishery on the eastern united states, the catch per trip of kemp's ridley has increased by mor ...202032605516
computed tomographic analysis of internal structures within the nasal cavities of green, loggerhead and leatherback sea turtles.the morphology of the tetrapod nasal cavity has adapted to the environment in terms of olfaction and respiration. reports indicate that the internal structure of the nasal cavity of green sea turtles is more complex than that of turtles in general, but whether or not it is similar among sea turtle species remains unknown. the present study aimed to define the internal structures of the nasal cavity of green (chelonian mydas), loggerhead (caretta caretta) and leatherback (dermochelys coriacea) se ...202032478454
quantifying the impacts of future sea level rise on nesting sea turtles in the southeastern united states.sandy beaches, a necessary habitat for nesting sea turtles, are increasingly under threat as they become squeezed between human infrastructure and shorelines that are changing as a result of rising sea levels. forecasting where shifting sandy beaches will be obstructed and how that directly impacts coastal nesting species is necessary for successful conservation and management. predicting changes to coastal nesting areas is difficult because of a lack of consensus on the physical attributes used ...202032086969
epidemiology of blood flukes (digenea: spirorchiidae) in sea turtles from tyrrhenian and adriatic seas, off italy.the spirorchiidae is a family of blood flukes parasitizing turtles. spirorchiids may cause a wide range of inflammatory reactions in the vascular system of their host being frequently implicated with stranding and death of sea turtles worldwide. recent studies revealed the presence of two spirorchiid species in the mediterranean basin. our study presents comparative epidemiological data of spirorchiid infections in loggerhead turtles (caretta caretta) stranded during an eight-year period from ad ...202032033615
fidelity to foraging sites after long migrations.patterns of animal movement associated with foraging lie at the heart of many ecological studies and often animals face decisions of staying in an environment they know versus relocating to new sites. the lack of knowledge of new foraging sites means there is risk associated with a decision to relocate (e.g. poor foraging) as well as a potential benefit (e.g. improved foraging). using a unique long-term satellite tracking dataset for several sea turtle species, combined with capture-mark-recaptu ...202031785174
humerus osteology, myology, and finite element structure analysis of cheloniidae.adaptation of osteology and myology lead to the formation of hydrofoil foreflippers in cheloniidae (all recent sea turtles except dermochelys coriacea) which are used mainly for underwater flight. recent research shows the biomechanical advantages of a complex system of agonistic and antagonistic tension chords that reduce bending stress in bones. finite element structure analysis (fesa) of a cheloniid humerus is used to provide a better understanding of morphology and microanatomy and to link t ...202031674155
comparative analysis of tear composition in humans, domestic mammals, reptiles, and birds.tears are an important component of the ocular surface protection mechanism and are in close contact with the corneal epithelium and the environment. their composition is well-known in humans; however, there are few investigations on the composition and function of tears in reptiles, birds and others mammals, which would elucidate the mechanisms governing the maintenance of ocular homeostasis. in this work, electrophoretic profiles and an evaluation of total protein, albumin, urea, glucose, and ...202032528986
composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ace2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of sars-cov-2.from the beginning of 2002 and 2012, severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov) and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) crossed the species barriers to infect humans, causing thousands of infections and hundreds of deaths, respectively. currently, a novel coronavirus (sars-cov-2), which has become the cause of the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19), was discovered. until 18 february 2020, there were 72 533 confirmed covid-19 cases (including 10 644 severe ...202032100877
coccidiosis in green turtles (chelonia mydas) in australia: pathogenesis, spatial and temporal distribution, and climate-related determinants of disease outbreaks.an epizootic of coccidiosis in free-ranging green turtles (chelonia mydas) occurred in australia in 1991 and the parasites were thought to be caryospora cheloniae. recurring outbreaks over an increased geographic range followed. we used medical records and temporal and spatial data of turtles diagnosed with coccidiosis between 1991 and 2014 to characterize the disease and factors associated with outbreaks. most affected animals were subadults or older. neurologic signs with intralesional cerebra ...202031658432
differences in antibody responses against chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 (chhv5) suggest differences in virus biology in chhv5-seropositive green turtles from hawaii and chhv5-seropositive green turtles from florida.fibropapillomatosis (fp) is a tumor disease associated with a herpesvirus (chelonid herpesvirus 5 [chhv5]) that affects mainly green turtles globally. understanding the epidemiology of fp has been hampered by a lack of robust serological assays to monitor exposure to chhv5. this is due in part to an inability to efficiently culture the virus in vitro for neutralization assays. here, we expressed two glycoproteins (fus4 and fus8) from chhv5 using baculovirus. these proteins were immobilized on en ...202031748397
first report of pyelosomum cochlear looss 1899 (digenea: pronocephalidae) in a hawksbill turtle - eretmochelys imbricata l. found in brazilian coast.pyelosomum cochlear looss 1899 (digenea: pronocephalidae) is a parasite exclusive to sea turtles, having been described in the green turtle (chelonia mydas) in egypt, the usa, panama, costa rica and brazil as well as the olive ridley turtle (lepidochelys olivacea) in brazil. the present note describes the first occurrence of p. cochlear in a hawksbill turtle (eretmochelys imbricata) found on the coast of brazil.201931708675
caryospora-like coccidia infecting green turtles (chelonia mydas): an emerging disease with evidence of interoceanic dissemination.protozoa morphologically consistent with caryospora sp. are one of the few pathogens associated with episodic mass mortality events involving free-ranging sea turtles. parasitism of green turtles (chelonia mydas) by these coccidia and associated mortality was first reported in maricultured turtles in the caribbean during the 1970s. years later, epizootics affecting wild green turtles in australia occurred in 1991 and 2014. the first clinical cases of caryospora-like infections reported elsewhere ...201931696124
quantifying spirorchiid eggs in splenic histological samples from green turtles.the present study proposes a new methodology for the quantification of parasite eggs in animal tissue. quantification of parasites are important to understand epidemiology of spirorchiid infections in sea turtles, however different methodologies for quantifying spirorchiidae eggs in turtle tissues have been used. the most representative way to quantify spirorchiidae burdens in tissues is counting eggs / g of tissue, however, this method is very laborious. as an alternative, we propose quantifyin ...201931662700
the genus rhytidodoides price, 1939 (digenea: rhytidodidae) in brazil: new geographic occurrence and report of pathology in the gallbladder.the present note describes the occurrence of rhytidodoides intestinalis and rhytidodoides similis (digenea: rhytidodidae) in the gallbladder of two juvenile green turtles (chelonia mydas - testudines, cheloniidae) found on the coast of brazil. both were detected in gallbladder and intestine of green turtles: rhytidodoides similis (united states, panama, costa rica and brazil) and r. intestinais (united states, panama and costa rica). this note is the first report of r. intestinalis in brazil and ...201931662689
green turtle (chelonia mydas) population demographics at three chemically distinct foraging areas in the northern great barrier reef.the catchments of the great barrier reef (gbr) have experienced significant modifications in recent decades, leading to increases in sources of pollutants and declines in coastal water quality. as coastal waters of the gbr support some of the highest density green turtle (chelonia mydas) foraging populations in the western pacific ocean, understanding the effects of contaminants on gbr green turtle populations is a priority. in 2012, elevated strandings of green turtles in the upstart bay region ...201930586791
evaluating internal exposure of sea turtles as model species for identifying regional chemical threats in nearshore habitats of the great barrier reef.marine megafauna that forage in proximity to land can be exposed to a diverse mixture of chemicals that - individually or combined - have the potential to affect their health. characterizing such complex exposure and examining associations with health still poses considerable challenges. the present study summarizes the development and application of novel approaches to identifying chemical hazards and their potential impacts on the health of coastal wildlife, using green sea turtles as model sp ...201930583168
climate change resilience of a globally important sea turtle nesting population.few studies have looked into climate change resilience of populations of wild animals. we use a model higher vertebrate, the green sea turtle, as its life history is fundamentally affected by climatic conditions, including temperature-dependent sex determination and obligate use of beaches subject to sea level rise (slr). we use empirical data from a globally important population in west africa to assess resistance to climate change within a quantitative framework. we project 200 years of primar ...201930567014
integrated chemical exposure assessment of coastal green turtle foraging grounds on the great barrier reef.the great barrier reef receives run-off from 424,000 km2 catchment area across coastal queensland, incorporating diffuse agricultural run-off, and run-off point sources of land-based chemical pollutants from urban and industrial development. marine biota, such as green turtles (chelonia mydas), are exposed to these diverse chemical mixtures in their natural environments, and the long term effects on turtle and ecosystem health remain unknown. this study was part of a larger multi-disciplinary pr ...201930550904
organochlorines contaminants in eggs of hawksbill (eretmochelys imbricata) and green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) from mexico coast.the investigation of organochlorine pesticides (ocps) levels in sea turtles is an important issue in conservation research, due to the harmful effects of these chemicals. in the present study, ocps concentrations were determined in the eggs of two sea turtle species (eretmochelys imbricata and chelonia mydas) collected from the punta xen and isla aguada (mexican coast) in 2014 and 2015. concentrations of 20 ocps were analysed, including isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane, aldrin, chlordanes, endos ...201930600338
primary green turtle (chelonia mydas) skin fibroblasts as an in vitro model for assessing genotoxicity and oxidative stress.little is known about the effects of contaminants that accumulate in sea turtles. when in vivo exposure studies have ethical and logistical barriers, as is the case with sea turtles, in vitro tools can provide important information on the effects of contaminants. several in vitro studies have assessed cytotoxicity of contaminants to sea turtles cells, however to gain a more refined mechanistic understanding of the effects of contaminants, sub-lethal effects also require investigation. considerin ...201930502692
multi-residue screening of non-polar hazardous chemicals in green turtle blood from different foraging regions of the great barrier reef.green turtles spend a large part of their lifecycle foraging in nearshore seagrass habitats, which are often in close proximity to sources of anthropogenic contaminants. as most biomonitoring studies focus on a limited number of targeted chemical groups, this study was designed to screen for a wider range of hazardous chemicals that may not have been considered in prior studies. whole blood of sub-adult green turtles (chelonia mydas) were sampled from three different locations, a remote, offshor ...201930380492
the influence of temperature on embryonic respiration, growth, and sex determination in a western australian population of green turtles (chelonia mydas).the thermal environment of sea turtle embryos has marked effects on many aspects of their development and energetics and has consequences for posthatching stages. here we incubated chelonia mydas embryos from ningaloo reef in western australia at a range of temperatures (27°, 29°, 30°, 31°, 32°, and 30° ± 5°c) to determine development rates and the pivotal temperature for sex determination. we also measured embryonic growth, oxygen consumption, and carbon dioxide production throughout developmen ...201930289727
modeling the emergence of migratory corridors and foraging hot spots of the green sea turtle.environmental factors shape the spatial distribution and dynamics of populations. understanding how these factors interact with movement behavior is critical for efficient conservation, in particular for migratory species. adult female green sea turtles, chelonia mydas, migrate between foraging and nesting sites that are generally separated by thousands of kilometers. as an emblematic endangered species, green turtles have been intensively studied, with a focus on nesting, migration, and foragin ...201931624552
fibropapillomatosis prevalence and distribution in green turtles chelonia mydas in texas (usa).fibropapillomatosis (fp) is a neoplastic disease that can result in debilitating tumors in sea turtles. initially identified in florida, usa in 1937, it has since been detected in green turtle chelonia mydas populations globally. fp was first identified and confirmed in texas, usa in 2010. no fp tumors were documented in texas prior to that year, though many green turtles were encountered and examined using standardized procedures since 1980. the present study was undertaken to identify temporal ...201931621650
population recovery changes population composition at a major southern caribbean juvenile developmental habitat for the green turtle, chelonia mydas.understanding the population composition and dynamics of migratory megafauna at key developmental habitats is critical for conservation and management. the present study investigated whether differential recovery of caribbean green turtle (chelonia mydas) rookeries influenced population composition at a major juvenile feeding ground in the southern caribbean (lac bay, bonaire, caribbean netherlands) using genetic and demographic analyses. genetic divergence indicated a strong temporal shift in p ...201931591419
identifying genetic lineages through shape: an example in a cosmopolitan marine turtle species using geometric morphometrics.the green turtle (chelonia mydas) is a globally distributed marine species whose evolutionary history has been molded by geological events and oceanographic and climate changes. divergence between atlantic and pacific clades has been associated with the uplift of the panama isthmus, and inside the pacific region, a biogeographic barrier located west of hawaii has restricted the gene flow between central/eastern and western pacific populations. we investigated the carapace shape of c. mydas from ...201931589640
nutrient availability induces community shifts in seagrass meadows grazed by turtles.in the caribbean, green turtles graze seagrass meadows dominated by thalassia testudinum through rotational grazing, resulting in the creation of grazed and recovering (abandoned) patches surrounded by ungrazed seagrasses. we evaluated the seagrass community and its environment along a turtle grazing gradient; with the duration of (simulated) grazing as a proxy for the level of grazing pressure. the grazing levels consisted of short-term (4 months clipping), medium-term (8 months clipping), long ...201931534846
gastric lesions in free-living sea turtles: an underestimated disease that reflects the health of the ecosystem.free-living marine turtles are constantly exposed to aggression factors and the gastrointestinal tract is one of the main gateways of entry. the objective of this study was to identify, and describe the anatomopathological alterations in the stomach of free-living marine turtles found dead on the beaches of the microrregião dos lagos, rio de janeiro, brazil. twenty-two sea turtles were necropsied, and stomach fragments were collected, fixed, and processed routinely. the presence of gastritis, pa ...201931476501
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) and some biomarkers in the green sea turtles (chelonia mydas).selected blood biochemical parameters (glutathione s transferase: gst; alanine aminotransferase: alt; aspartate aminotransferase: ast; lactate dehydrogenase: ld and glucose) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) were measured in blood samples from 18 green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) from the iranian coastline on the northern shore of the sea of oman. mean total pah concentration in the blood samples was 17.802 ± 1.006 ng/gdw. the study found no significant correlation between blood bioch ...201931426165
diet-related selectivity of macroplastic ingestion in green turtles (chelonia mydas) in the eastern mediterranean.understanding the drivers of key interactions between marine vertebrates and plastic pollution is now considered a research priority. sea turtles are primarily visual predators, with the ability to discriminate according to colour and shape; therefore these factors play a role in feeding choices. classification methodologies of ingested plastic currently do not record these variables, however here, refined protocols allow us to test the hypothesis that plastic is selectively ingested when it res ...201931399637
the occurrence of vibrionaceae, staphylococcaceae, and enterobacteriaceae in green turtle chelonia mydas rearing seawater.in this study, levels of vibrionaceae, staphylococcaceae, and enterobacteriaceae were observed in seawater from juvenile green turtle chelonia mydas rearing tanks and in the incoming coastal seawater (the water supply). bacterial loads were compared between the incoming coastal seawater and two different rearing conditions: in cement tanks at a low stocking density and in fiberglass tanks at a high stocking density. the total bacterial counts in seawater from fiberglass tanks were statistically ...201931342564
infection by and molecular features of learedius learedi (digenea: schistosomatoidea) in green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) on the ogasawara islands, japan.learedius learedi price, 1934 , is a blood fluke found in sea turtles, and the adult fluke parasitizes the cardiovascular system of the host. in this study we surveyed 46 green sea turtles, chelonia mydas, on the ogasawara islands, japan, and blood flukes were detected in the heart and blood vessels of 26 turtles. the flukes were identified as l. learedi based on a detailed morphological description. in addition, molecular identification and characterization of the parasite were performed. the n ...201931310585
fatal rameshwarotrema uterocrescens infection with ulcerative esophagitis and intravascular dissemination in green turtles.the trematode rameshwarotrema uterocrescens (digenea: pronocephalidae) parasitizes the glands of the caudal esophagus of chelonia mydas. in the present study, 741 c. mydas were examined, 85 animals had adult specimens of r. uterocrescens associated with necrotizing ulcerous esophagitis, of these 85, 21 presented invasion of the esophageal mural vessels in the caudal esophagus of juvenile green turtles (chelonia mydas). necrotizing granulomatous splenitis, hepatitis, and nephritis were associated ...201931289721
fathoming sea turtles: monitoring strategy evaluation to improve conservation status assessments.population monitoring must be accurate and reliable to correctly classify population status. for sea turtles, nesting beach surveys are often the only population-level surveys that are accessible. however, process and observation errors, compounded by delayed maturity, obscure the relationship between trends on the nesting beach and the population. we present a simulation-based tool, monitoring strategy evaluation (mose), to test the relationships between monitoring data and assessment accuracy, ...201931267602
development and validation of a new method for determination of pb and cr in marine organisms by total reflection x-ray fluorescence (txrf) spectroscopy.lead and chromium contamination represents one of the most serious problems in the aquatic environments. the aim of this work was to develop and validate an accurate, sensitivity, and rapid method for the simultaneous determination of pb and cr at trace levels in tissues and fat of marine organisms such as turtle (chelonia mydas), shark (rhizoprionodon terraenovae), and dolphin (tursiops truncatus), utilizing the total reflection x-ray fluorescence (txrf) spectroscopy. working solutions were pre ...201931263626
evaluation of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin d, ionized calcium, and parathyroid hormone in green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) exposed to different intensities of ultraviolet b radiation.for many reptile species, adequate ultraviolet b (uvb) radiation is essential for proper calcium metabolism. in this study, the effects of uvb radiation on calcium metabolism were evaluated in green sea turtles (chelonia mydas). 25-hydroxyvitamin d, parathyroid hormone (pth), and ionized calcium (ica) were measured in juvenile (n = 18, 9 indoor, 9 outdoor) and adult (n = 8, 4 indoor, 4 outdoor) turtles. all animals were fed an identical diet. outdoor animals had access to unfiltered sunlight, wh ...201931260209
hg and δ15n in juvenile green turtles from southeastern brazil (~23°s): inferences about contamination levels and recruitment to coastal waters.total mercury (thg) and δ15n were analysed in liver and muscle of juvenile green turtles (chelonia mydas) from a foraging site in southeastern brazil (~23°s) to evaluate contamination levels and make inferences about the timescale that animals were recruited from oceanic to coastal waters. the values for thg and δ15n in liver and muscle were 432.2 and 72.8 μg kg-1 and 10.0‰ and 9.2‰, respectively. thg concentrations in tissues indirectly indicated that the main food resources for this consumer ( ...201931232349
migratory corridor linking atlantic green turtle, chelonia mydas, nesting site on bioko island, equatorial guinea to ghanaian foraging grounds.this study uses satellite telemetry to track post-nesting movements of endangered green turtles (chelonia mydas) (n = 6) in the gulf of guinea. it identifies a migratory corridor linking breeding grounds of atlantic green turtles nesting on bioko island, equatorial guinea, to foraging grounds in the coastal waters of accra, ghana. track lengths of 20-198 days were analyzed, for a total of 536 movement days for the six turtles. migratory pathways and foraging grounds were identified by applying a ...201931226114
nasal cavity of green sea turtles contains 3 independent sensory epithelia.the morphological and histological features of the nasal cavity are diverse among animal species, and the nasal cavities of terrestrial and semiaquatic turtles possess 2 regions lined with each different type of sensory epithelium. sea turtles can inhale both of volatile and water-soluble odorants with high sensitivity, but details of the architectural features and the distribution of the sensory epithelia within the sea turtle nasal cavity remain uncertain. the present study analyzed the nasal ...201931155674
chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 dna in fibropapillomatosis-affected chelonia mydas.fibropapillomatosis is a panzootic and chronic disease among chelonia mydas-usually associated with anthropogenic impacts. this study contributes towards understanding fibropapillomatosis implications for c. mydas populations as a reflector of environmental quality, via prevalence and histological, molecular and blood analyses at a world heritage site in southern brazil. sixty-three juvenile c. mydas (31.3-54.5 cm curved carapace length-ccl) were sampled during two years. eighteen specimens (~ 2 ...201931124021
diversity, immunoregulatory action and structure-activity relationship of green sea turtle cathelicidins.cathelicidins are a family of gene-encoded immune effectors in vertebrate innate immunity. here, we reported the diversity and biological activity of cathelicidins in green sea turtle, a marine reptile species known for long lifespan and disease resistance. four novel cathelicidins (cm-cath1-4) were identified from green sea turtle. all of them, especially cm-cath2, exhibited potent, broad-spectrum and rapid bactericidal and anti-biofilm activities by inducing the disruption of cell membrane int ...201931121185
comparison of hematological, plasma biochemical, and nutritional analytes of rehabilitating and apparently healthy free-ranging atlantic green turtles (chelonia mydas).green turtles (chelonia mydas) are unique because hatchlings and pelagic juveniles are carnivorous, whereas later life stages become primarily herbivorous. although this dietary shift is well understood, nutritional requirements at each developmental stage are not. diet selection during rehabilitation is challenging, because turtles are often fed high-protein, low-fiber diets to counteract poor appetite and emaciation, which can result in gastrointestinal disorders. the objective of this study w ...201931120664
physiological changes in post-hatchling green turtles (chelonia mydas) following short-term fasting: implications for release protocols.relocation of sea turtle nests and the retention of post-hatchlings for head-starting programs are both commonly used to improve conservation outcomes and facilitate eco-tourism ventures. currently, there is little literature surrounding the husbandry protocols required during these programs to optimize post-release outcomes. to assess the impact of varied feeding regimes on exercise performance, (which will hereafter be referred to as 'fitness'), 40 10-month-old captive post-hatchling green tur ...201931110766
primary multicentric pulmonary low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma and chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 detection in a leatherback sea turtle (dermochelys coriacea).we describe the gross, microscopical, histochemical and immunohistochemical features of a sclerosing pneumopathic disease process resembling primary multicentric pulmonary low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma in a juvenile female leatherback sea turtle (dermochelys coriacea). the animal was fresh, presented in good body condition and stranded dead in aracaju, sergipe state, brazil, in september, 2017. grossly, the lungs were enlarged bilaterally and the parenchyma was replaced by large, coalescing, whi ...201931103052
plasma bleomycin concentrations during electrochemotherapeutic treatment of fibropapillomas in green turtles chelonia mydas.fibropapillomatosis of sea turtles is traditionally treated with surgical debulking techniques that are often associated with prolonged healing and tumor recurrence. electrochemotherapy was recently described for green turtles chelonia mydas and can be an alternative to surgery and even general anesthesia. the objectives of this study were to replicate an electrochemotherapy protocol from a previous report and add plasma bleomycin analysis to the treatment. after bleomycin injection into similar ...201931100193
ultrasound examination of coelomic viscera through the plastron in stranded green sea turtles (chelonia mydas).many projects have been developed in the last years for the conservation of sea turtles. young green turtles (chelonia mydas) often nest on the brazilian coast. because they nest in beaches along the coastline and islands, green turtles are susceptible to fishing and accidental ingestion of anthropogenic debris. early detection of ingested debris is crucial for the survival of rescued sea animals. ultrasound (us) has emerged as a viable imaging technique for visceral examination in veterinary me ...201931086764
bacteriophage versus antibiotic therapy on gut bacterial communities of juvenile green turtle, chelonia mydas.green turtles are endangered marine herbivorous hindgut fermenters that contribute to a variety of marine ecosystems. debilitated turtles are often rehabilitated in turtle hospitals. since accurate diagnosis of disease is difficult, broad-spectrum antibiotics are routinely used as a general treatment, potentially causing collateral damage to the gut microbiome of the patient. here, we evaluated the concept of the application of bacteriophage (phages) to eliminate targeted intestinal bacteria as ...201931037801
characterizing stable isotope relationships between green turtle (chelonia mydas) skin and unhatched eggs.stable isotope analysis is used to understand the foraging habits and movements of a diverse set of organisms. variability in stable isotope ratios among tissues derived from the same animal makes it difficult to compare data among study results in which different tissue types are evaluated. isotopic relationships between two green turtle (chelonia mydas) tissue types, skin and unhatched egg contents are unknown. similarly, few data exist to evaluate the influence of time elapsed after ovipositi ...201931034695
densities and drivers of sea turtle populations across pacific coral reef ecosystems.sea turtle populations are often assessed at the regional to sub-basin scale from discrete indices of nesting abundance. while this may be practical and sometimes effective, widespread in-water surveys may enhance assessments by including additional demographics, locations, and revealing emerging population trends. here, we describe sea turtle observations from 13 years of towed-diver surveys across 53 coral islands, atolls, and reefs in the central, west, and south pacific. these surveys covere ...201931017916
genetic background of ctx-m-15-producing enterobacter hormaechei st114 and citrobacter freundii st265 co-infecting a free-living green turtle (chelonia mydas).ctx-m-type extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae have become identified in marine ecosystem constituting a serious ecological issue. in this respect, although contamination of coastal waters and seafood, and even colonization of seabirds and fishes have been increasingly reported, molecular data are lacking to elucidate the clinical impact of esbl producers in infected marine animals. in this study, using a genomic approach, we have analysed the genetic background of ...201930843359
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