Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| presence of zoonotic cryptosporidium scrofarum, giardia duodenalis assemblage a and enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in captive eurasian wild boars (sus scrofa) in china: potential for zoonotic transmission. | cryptosporidium spp., giardia duodenalis and enterocytozoon bieneusi are the main causal pathogens of gastrointestinal disease. however, there are limited reports about the prevalence of these organisms in captive eurasian wild boars worldwide. therefore, we examined the occurrence and identified the species/assemblages/genotypes of these pathogens in captive eurasian wild boars, and estimated the zoonotic potential. | 2017 | 28061911 |
| the effects of phosphanegold(i) thiolates on the biological properties of acanthamoeba castellanii belonging to the t4 genotype. | gold compounds have shown promise in the treatment of non-communicable diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and cancer, and are considered of value as anti-microbial agents against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, and have anti-parasitic properties against schistosoma mansoni, trypanosoma brucei, plasmodium falciparum, leishmania infantinum, giardia lamblia, and entamoeba histolytica. they are known to affect enzymatic activities that are required for the cellular respiration processes ... | 2017 | 28366172 |
| characterization of the efficiency and uncertainty of skimmed milk flocculation for the simultaneous concentration and quantification of water-borne viruses, bacteria and protozoa. | in this study, the use of skimmed milk flocculation (smf) to simultaneously concentrate viruses, bacteria and protozoa was evaluated. we selected strains of faecal indicator bacteria and pathogens, such as escherichia coli and helicobacter pylori. the viruses selected were adenovirus (hadv 35), rotavirus (rov sa-11), the bacteriophage ms2 and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv). the protozoa tested were acanthamoeba, giardia and cryptosporidium. the mean recoveries with q(rt)pcr were 66% (hadv 3 ... | 2017 | 28093213 |
| artemisinin and its derivatives in treating protozoan infections beyond malaria. | parasitic protozoan diseases continue to rank among the world's greatest global health problems, which are also common among poor populations. currently available drugs for treatment present drawbacks, urging the need for more effective, safer, and cheaper drugs. artemisinin (art) and its derivatives are some of the most important classes of antimalarial agents originally derived from artemisia annua l. however, besides the outstanding antimalarial and antischistosomal activities, art and its de ... | 2017 | 27867026 |
| blastocystis subtyping and its association with intestinal parasites in children from different geographical regions of colombia. | blastocystis is a common enteric protist colonizing probably more than 1 billion people with a large variety of non-human hosts. remarkable genetic diversity has been observed, leading to the subdivision of the genus into multiple subtypes (st), some of which are exclusively found in non-human hosts. the aim of this study was to determine the distribution of blastocystis sts/18s alleles in symptomatic (abdominal pain, anal pruritus, diarrhea, headache, nauseas and/or vomit) and asymptomatic chil ... | 2017 | 28222192 |
| diagnosis of intestinal parasites in a rural community of venezuela: advantages and disadvantages of using microscopy or rt-pcr. | a cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence and diagnostic performance of microscopy and real time pcr (rt-pcr) for 14 intestinal parasites in a venezuelan rural community with a long history of persistent intestinal parasitic infections despite the implementation of regular anthelminthic treatments. a total of 228 participants were included in this study. a multiplex rt-pcr was used for the detection of dientamoeba fragilis, giardia intestinalis, cryptosporidium sp. and ... | 2017 | 28007484 |
| intestinal parasites of children and adults in a remote aboriginal community of the northern territory, australia, 1994-1996. | parasitic infections can adversely impact health, nutritional status and educational attainment. this study investigated hookworm and other intestinal parasites in an aboriginal community in australia from 1994 to 1996. | 2017 | 25960921 |
| improved diagnosis of trichuris trichiura by using a bead-beating procedure on ethanol preserved stool samples prior to dna isolation and the performance of multiplex real-time pcr for intestinal parasites. | for the majority of intestinal parasites, real-time pcr-based diagnosis outperforms microscopy. however, the data for trichuris trichiura have been less convincing and most comparative studies have been performed in populations with low prevalence. this study aims to improve detection of t. trichuria dna in human stool by evaluating four sample preparation methods. faecal samples (n = 60) were collected at flores island, indonesia and examined by microscopy. aliquots were taken and a bead-beatin ... | 2017 | 28290266 |
| geospatial distribution of intestinal parasitic infections in rio de janeiro (brazil) and its association with social determinants. | intestinal parasitic infections remain among the most common infectious diseases worldwide. this study aimed to estimate their prevalence and provide a detailed analysis of geographical distribution of intestinal parasites in the metropolitan region of rio de janeiro, considering demographic, socio-economic, and epidemiological contextual factors. | 2017 | 28273080 |
| epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminth and intestinal protozoan infections in preschool-aged children in the amhara region of ethiopia. | intestinal parasites are important contributors to global morbidity and mortality and are the second most common cause of outpatient morbidity in ethiopia. this cross-sectional survey describes the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths and intestinal protozoa in preschool children 0-5 years of age in seven communities in the amhara region of ethiopia, and investigates associations between infection, household water and sanitation characteristics, and child growth. stool samples were collected ... | 2017 | 28167597 |
| prevalence and seasonal variation of human intestinal parasites in patients attending hospital with abdominal symptoms in northern jordan. | this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites and their seasonal variation in northern jordan. a total of 21 906 stool samples were collected over a period of 4 years (2009- 2013) from 5 government hospitals in 3 cities. samples were processed and examined microscopically and by concentration methods. parasitic infection was found in 9611 samples (44%). giardia lamblia was the most prevalent parasite (41%) followed by entamoeba histolytica (31%) and ent. coli (13 ... | 2017 | 28134428 |
| the roundworm strongyloides stercoralis in children, dogs, and soil inside and outside a segregated settlement in eastern slovakia: frequent but hardly detectable parasite. | a comparative study was carried out to evaluate the strongyloides stercoralis infections in children and dogs inside and outside the segregated settlement in medzev, eastern slovakia, and a survey of the soil within the settlement was included. applying the koga agar plate (kap) culture method and microscopy examination of stool samples collected from 60 roma and 21 nonroma children, no larvae of s. stercoralis were detected but eggs of three nematodes (ascaris lumbricoides, trichuris trichiura, ... | 2017 | 28074315 |
| seroprevalence of five parasitic pathogens in pregnant women in ten caribbean countries. | to date, published epidemiological studies of parasitic infections in humans in the caribbean region are very limited. here, we report the seroprevalence of five parasitic pathogens, including ascaris lumbricoides, entamoeba histolytica, giardia lamblia, schistosoma mansoni, and toxocara canis in 435 serum samples collected between 2008 and 2011 from pregnant women in ten caribbean islands. we tested the serum samples for igg antibodies against the five parasites by enzyme-linked immunosorbent a ... | 2017 | 27778108 |
| occurrence of blastocystis spp. in uberaba, minas gerais, brazil. | intestinal parasites are a problem for public health all over the world. the infection with blastocystis, a protozoan of controversial pathogenicity, is one of the most common among them all. in this study, the occurrence of intestinal parasites, with emphasis on blastocystis, in patients at the universidade federal do triângulo mineiro was investigated in uberaba (mg) through microscopy of direct smears and fecal concentrates using ritchie's method. feces of 1,323 patients were examined from ap ... | 2017 | 26200960 |
| intestinal parasitic infections in different groups of immunocompromised patients in kashan and qom cities, central iran. | intestinal parasitic infections (ipis) are important causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with immunocompromising conditions. | 2017 | 28362138 |
| prevalence of strongyloides stercoralis and other intestinal parasites among institutionalized mentally disabled individuals in rasht, northern iran. | we aimed to determine the status of strongyloidiasis in mentally disabled population in the institutional places in rasht city, the capital of guilan province, northern iran. | 2017 | 28127364 |
| prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in jiroft, kerman province, iran. | intestinal parasitic infections have a worldwide distribution. high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in individuals with low socioeconomic status and environmental conditions was found. no study has ever been conducted on the prevalence of these infections in jiroft. therefore, in this study prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was evaluated in jiroft, kerman province, iran. | 2017 | 28096858 |
| synthesis and biological evaluation of newer 1,3,4-oxadiazoles incorporated with benzothiazepine and benzodiazepine moieties. | a series of thiazepines and diazepines having 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety were synthesized, and they were analyzed for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against several bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus pyogenes, escherichia coli, and pseudomonas aeruginosa) and fungi (candida albicans, aspergillus niger, and aspergillus clavatus) and protozoa (entamoeba histolytica, giardia lamblia, trypanosoma cruzi and leishmania mexicana). few of the selected compounds were tested for their ant ... | 2017 | 28182579 |
| practical parasitology courses and infection with intestinal parasites in students. | students who are working in research or educational laboratories of parasitology, as well as health care workers providing care for patients, are at the risk of becoming infected with parasites through accidental exposure. the main purpose of this study was to identify potential positive cases of intestinal parasitic infections among students who took practical parasitology courses compared with students who did not take any practical parasitology courses in lorestan university of medical scienc ... | 2017 | 26796769 |
| prevalence of intestinal parasites among food handlers of sari, northern iran. | parasitic infection is highly prevalent throughout the developing countries of the world. food handlers are a potential source of infection for many intestinal parasites and other enteropathogenic infections as well. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasite carriers among food handlers attending the public health center laboratory in sari, northern iran for annual check-up. the study was performed from august 2011 through february 2012. stool samples were coll ... | 2017 | 25923893 |
| association between enteric protozoan parasites and gastrointestinal illness among hiv- and tuberculosis-infected individuals in the chowke district, southern mozambique. | human immune deficiency virus (hiv) and tuberculosis (tb) infections remain major public health issues globally, particularly in sub-saharan africa. impairment of both cell-mediated and humoral immunity by hiv and/or tb infections may limit the host's defences against other pathogens, including the diarrheagenic protozoan cryptosporidium spp., giardia intestinalis, and entamoeba histolytica. during september-december 2015 a cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence and molecul ... | 2017 | 28302528 |
| gastrointestinal disorders next to respiratory infections as leading symptoms of x-linked agammaglobulinemia in children - 34-year experience of a single center. | respiratory tract infections constitute the most frequent manifestation of x-linked agammaglobulinemia (xla). there are not many papers elucidating gastrointestinal (gi) disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (ibd), in such patients. the aim of the study was to evaluate the occurrence of gastrointestinal disorders and ibd compared to respiratory tract infections in xla individuals. | 2017 | 28261296 |
| [infection due to mycobacterium bovis in common variable immunodeficiency]. | common variable immunodeficiency (cvid) is an heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by impaired antibody production. it shows a wide spectrum of manifestations including severe and recurrent respiratory infections (streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus) and gastrointestinal (campylobacter jejuni, rotavirus and giardia lamblia). viral infections caused by herpes zoster, cytomegalovirus (cmv) and hepatitis c are rare. the opportunistic agents such as cmv, pneumocystis jirovecii, cryptococ ... | 2017 | 25758115 |
| evaluation of the xtag gastrointestinal pathogen panel assay for the detection of enteric pathogens in kuwait. | to evaluate the utility of the luminex xtag gastrointestinal pathogen panel (gpp) assay in the detection of enteric pathogens from diarrheal stool samples in kuwait. | 2017 | 27322647 |
| pathogen characterization of fresh and stored mesophilic anaerobically digested biosolids. | culturable bacterial pathogens (campylobacter, salmonella, listeria, yersinia) and indicators (e. coli, enterococci, clostridium perfringens) were quantified at six wastewater treatment plants that land apply anaerobically digested biosolids in ontario, canada. cryptosporidium parvum and giardia lamblia were also quantified by pcr. salmonella and listeria were frequently detected in sludge and liquid biosolids (70-100% of samples) but less often in fresh dewatered cake biosolids (50-60%); with l ... | 2017 | 28087921 |
| removal of pollutants and pathogens by a simplified treatment scheme for municipal wastewater reuse in agriculture. | the availability of high quality water has become a constraint in several countries. agriculture represents the main water user, therefore, wastewater reuse in this area could increase water availability for other needs. this research was aimed to provide a simplified scheme for treatment and reuse of municipal and domestic wastewater based on sequencing batch biofilter granular reactors (sbbgrs). the activity was conducted at pilot-scale and particular attention was dedicated to the microbiolog ... | 2017 | 27951439 |
| dynamic protein s-palmitoylation mediates parasite life cycle progression and diverse mechanisms of virulence. | eukaryotic parasites possess complex life cycles and utilize an assortment of molecular mechanisms to overcome physical barriers, suppress and/or bypass the host immune response, including invading host cells where they can replicate in a protected intracellular niche. protein s-palmitoylation is a dynamic post-translational modification in which the fatty acid palmitate is covalently linked to cysteine residues on proteins by the enzyme palmitoyl acyltransferase (pat) and can be removed by lyso ... | 2017 | 28228066 |
| molecular identification of enterocytozoon bieneusi, cryptosporidium, and giardia in brazilian captive birds. | a total of 85 fecal samples from captive birds collected from october 2013 to september 2014 in uberlândia and belo horizonte in the state of minas gerais (brazil) were evaluated for the presence of enterocytozoon bieneusi, cryptosporidium, and giardia by pcr. of these, three birds were found positive for e. bieneusi (3.5%), two for cryptosporidium (2.3%), and one for giardia (1.2%). two genotypes of e. bieneusi were detected by nucleotide sequence analysis of the its region, genotypes d and per ... | 2017 | 27815734 |
| report of fatal mixed infection with cryptosporidium parvum and giardia intestinalis in neonatal calves. | in the production and management of beef and dairy cattle, controlling diarrhea is one of the important concerns. pathogenic agents of the disease, protozoan parasites including cryptosporidium spp., are difficult to control, making prevention, diagnoses, and treatment of diarrhea. in the present study, we investigated a farm with a history of calf deaths over a period of 10 years in order to determine the cause of disease and to clarify the detailed distribution of the pathogens. in four examin ... | 2017 | 28030344 |
| paleoparasitological analysis of the extinct myotragus balearicus bate 1909 (artiodactyla, caprinae) from mallorca (balearic islands, western mediterranean). | myotragus balearicus (artiodactyla, caprinae) is an extinct caprine endemic of the eastern balearic islands or gymnesics (i.e., mallorca, menorca and surrounding islets, western mediterranean sea). in spite of its small size, c. 50cm height at the shoulder, it was the largest mammal inhabiting these islands until the human arrival, and it had peculiar short legs and frontal vision. it disappeared between 2830 and 2210calbce. the coprolites here studied were recovered from cova estreta, in pollen ... | 2017 | 27871871 |
| diarrhea risks by exposure to livestock waste in vietnam using quantitative microbial risk assessment. | the aim of this paper was to assess the diarrhea risks caused by various pathogens among those exposed to biogas wastewater through different activities. | 2017 | 27837222 |
| first survey of cryptosporidium, giardia and enterocytozoon in diarrhoeic children from wuhan, china. | intestinal protozoan pathogens cause significant diarrhoeal diseases in children. however, to date, there has been limited genetic study of the intestinal pathogens cryptosporidium, giardia and enterocytozoon in humans in china, with the exception of research in a small number of cities/provinces. in the present study, pcr-based tools were used to detect and characterise these protistan parasites from 500 children with a history of diarrhoea in wuhan and environs, hubei province, china. genomic ... | 2017 | 28284996 |
| reprofiled drug targets ancient protozoans: drug discovery for parasitic diarrheal diseases. | recently, we developed a novel automated, high throughput screening (hts) methodology for the anaerobic intestinal parasite entamoeba histolytica. we validated this hts platform by screening a chemical library containing us food and drug administration (fda)-approved drugs and bioactive compounds. we identified an fda-approved drug, auranofin, as most active against e. histolytica both in vitro and in vivo. our cell culture and animal studies indicated that thioredoxin reductase, an enzyme invol ... | 2017 | 23137963 |
| first report of tunisian coastal water contamination by protozoan parasites using mollusk bivalves as biological indicators. | in order to establish seawater contamination by emerging protozoan parasites, we used qpcr to molecularly characterize and evaluate the parasitic burden of giardia duodenalis, cryptosporidium spp., toxoplasma gondii, and cyclospora cayetanensis in 1255 wild bivalve mollusks collected along the tunisian coasts. t. gondii, g. duodenalis and c. cayetanensis were detected in 6.9% (99% ci=1.6-12.2%) pools of ruditapes decussatus. none of the samples were found positive to cryptosporidium spp.; 6.6% p ... | 2017 | 28168979 |
| pattern of co-infection by enteric pathogenic parasites among hiv sero-positive individuals in a tertiary care hospital, mumbai, india. | one of the major medical concerns in people living with hiv/aids (plha) is management of diarrhea that can lead to severe morbidity and mortality. such clinical scenario warrants an analysis of intestinal parasites, which are important opportunistic pathogens in plha. owing to the scarcity of recent pattern of intestinal opportunistic infections from this region, the study was designed to determine the opportunistic parasites causing diarrhea in plha; and to find out whether there is any signifi ... | 2017 | 26392653 |
| triage and protocol recommendations for the parasitology laboratory based on an epidemiological investigation of parasite diagnostics in ontario laboratories. | a study was performed using a subset of ontario laboratory parasitology data, with three objectives: to describe parasitic infections in ontario; to identify risk factors for acquiring a parasitic infection using routinely collected information; and to use this information to assess current protocols for parasite testing in laboratories and, in turn, to propose alternatives to optimize the allocation of laboratory resources. | 2017 | 25587292 |
| intestinal parasite infections and accuracy of direct thin and thick smear, formol-ether sedimentation, centrifugal flotation, and mini-flotac techniques among patients with gastrointestinal tract disorders from the greater cairo region, egypt. | the aim of the present study was to assess the frequency of intestinal parasitic infection among patients with gastrointestinal tract disorders from the greater cairo region, egypt. in addition, a comparison was made of the accuracy of direct thin and thick smear, formol-ether sedimentation (fec), centrifugal flotation (cf), and mini-flotac techniques in the diagnosis of infection. out of 100 patients, the overall prevalence of parasitic infection was 51%. only 6% had dual infection. giardia lam ... | 2017 | 28093543 |
| occurrence of giardia, cryptosporidium, and entamoeba in wild rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) living in urban and semi-rural north-west india. | giardia duodenalis, cryptosporidium spp., and entamoeba spp. are intestinal protozoa capable of infecting a range of host species, and are important causes of human morbidity and mortality. understanding their epidemiology is important, both for public health and for the health of the animals they infect. this study investigated the occurrence of these protozoans in rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) in india, with the aim of providing preliminary information on the potential for transmission of t ... | 2017 | 28229045 |
| prevalence of intestinal parasites among food handlers in western iran. | parasitic infection is one of the problems that affect human health, especially in developing countries. in this study, all of the fast food shops, restaurants, and roast meat outlets of khorramabad (western iran) and all the staff employed by them, some 210 people, were selected through a census and their stools were examined for the presence of parasites. the parasitological tests of direct wet-mount, lugol's iodine staining, formaldehyde-ether sedimentation and trichrome staining techniques w ... | 2017 | 24626411 |
| phase i clinical trial results of auranofin, a novel antiparasitic agent. | under an nih priority to identify new drugs to treat class b parasitic agents, we performed high-throughput screens, which identified the activity of auranofin (ridaura) against entamoeba histolytica and giardia intestinalis, major causes of water- and foodborne outbreaks. auranofin, an orally administered, gold (au)-containing compound that was approved by the fda in 1985 for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, was effective in vitro and in vivo against e. histolytica and both metronidazole-sens ... | 2017 | 27821451 |
| antiprotozoal, antimycobacterial, and anti-inflammatory evaluation of cnidoscolus chayamansa (mc vaugh) extract and the isolated compounds. | cnidoscolus chayamansa is a medicinal and edible plant known as chaya, is commonly used as an anti-inflammatory, antiprotozoal, antibacterial agent and as a remedy for respiratory illness, gastrointestinal disorders, and vaginal infections related with the inflammation process. in this paper, we describe the plant's phytochemical analysis and biological activities (antimycobacterial, antibacterial, antiprotozoal, and anti-inflammatory properties) of the chcl3:meoh (1:1) leaves extract and isolat ... | 2017 | 28222400 |
| antiprotozoal constituents from annona cherimola miller, a plant used in mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery. | annona cherimola miller (annonaceae) is a medicinal plant frequently recommended in mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders such as diarrhea and dysentery. | 2017 | 28216899 |
| prevalence and risk factors for intestinal parasitic infection in schoolchildren in battambang, cambodia. | most intestinal parasitic infections (ipis), commonly endemic in tropical resource-poor developing countries, are neglected tropical diseases. parasitic infections and malnutrition are most commonly found in children. we determined the prevalence of ipis and the risk factors in battambang province, northwestern cambodia, from august to september 2015. this study collected 308 valid questionnaires and specimens from dontri (173, 56.2%) and kon kaêk (135, 43.8%) primary schools. all stool samples ... | 2017 | 28070012 |
| possible hematological changes associated with acute gastroenteritis among kindergarten children in gaza. | gastroenteritis is considered one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children especially in developing countries. it is a major childhood problem in gaza and one of the most common etiologic agents of iron deficiency anemia (ida). | 2017 | 26229719 |
| an investigation of parasitic infections and review of molecular characterization of the intestinal protozoa in nonhuman primates in china from 2009 to 2015. | parasites are a well-known threat to nonhuman primate (nhp) populations, and potentially cause zoonotic diseases in humans. in this study, the basic data was provided of the parasites in nhps and the molecular characterization of the enterocytozoon bieneusi, giardia duodenalis, cryptosporidium spp., and entamoeba spp. were reviewed, which were found in these samples. a total of 3349 fecal samples were collected from 34 species reared at 17 districts in zoos, farms, free-range, or research labora ... | 2017 | 28229042 |
| prokaryotic expression of α-13 giardin gene and its intracellular localization in giardia lamblia. | to study prokaryotic expression and subcellular localization of α-13 giardin in giardia lamblia trophozoites, α-13 giardin gene was amplified and cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pet-28a(+). the positive recombinant plasmid was transformed into e. coli bl21(de3) for expression by using iptg and autoinduction expression system (zym-5052). the target protein was validated by sds-page and western blotting and purified by ni-nta resin. rabbits were immunized with purified fusion proteins fo ... | 2017 | 28286754 |
| prevalence and molecular characterization of giardia duodenalis in dogs in aydin, turkey. | the purpose of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and molecular characterization of giardia duodenalis among dogs in aydin, turkey. a total of 473 faecal samples from dogs were collected. the overall prevalence of g. duodenalis was 18.8%. higher infection rates were observed in dogs younger than three months old, from shelters, and with diarrhoea. faecal samples of 89 dogs, diagnosed giardia-positive by microscopy, were found positive by nested pcr. the β-giardin nested pcr assa ... | 2017 | 28374629 |
| experimental and bioinformatic characterization of cabp2933 an ef-hand protein of giardia intestinalis. | giardia intestinalis is a parasite that inhabits the small intestine of humans. this parasite is a divergent eukaryote with a compact genome. the calcium ion is an essential messenger in cell signaling. calcium's role as a messenger is mediated through calcium-binding proteins (cabps) that decode the message. the most important family of cabps is the ef-hand protein family. in this study we have explored the role of ef-hand protein cabp2933. we analyzed its location, confirmed its ability to bin ... | 2017 | 28373093 |
| giardia intestinalis mitosomes undergo synchronized fission but not fusion and are constitutively associated with the endoplasmic reticulum. | mitochondria of opisthokonts undergo permanent fission and fusion throughout the cell cycle. here, we investigated the dynamics of the mitosomes, the simplest forms of mitochondria, in the anaerobic protist parasite giardia intestinalis, a member of the excavata supergroup of eukaryotes. the mitosomes have abandoned typical mitochondrial traits such as the mitochondrial genome and aerobic respiration and their single role known to date is the formation of iron-sulfur clusters. | 2017 | 28372543 |
| transcriptomics indicates active and passive metronidazole resistance mechanisms in three seminal giardia lines. | giardia duodenalis is an intestinal parasite that causes 200-300 million episodes of diarrhoea annually. metronidazole (mtz) is a front-line anti-giardial, but treatment failure is common and clinical resistance has been demonstrated. mtz is thought to be activated within the parasite by oxidoreductase enzymes, and to kill by causing oxidative damage. in g. duodenalis, mtz resistance involves active and passive mechanisms. relatively low activity of iron-sulfur binding proteins, namely pyruvate: ... | 2017 | 28367140 |
| proteomic and functional analyses reveal pleiotropic action of the anti-tumoral compound nbdhex in giardia duodenalis. | giardiasis, a parasitic diarrheal disease caused by giardia duodenalis, affects one billion people worldwide. treatment relies only on a restricted armamentarium of drugs. the disease burden and the increase in treatment failure highlight the need for novel, safe and well characterized drug options. the antitumoral compound nbdhex is effective in vitro against giardia trophozoites and inhibits glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. aim of this work was to search for additional nbdhex protein target ... | 2017 | 28366863 |
| occurrence of giardia in swedish red foxes ( vulpes vulpes ). | giardia duodenalis is an intestinal protozoan capable of causing gastrointestinal disease in a range of vertebrate hosts. it is transmitted via the fecal-oral route. understanding the epidemiology of g. duodenalis in animals is important, both for public health and for the health of the animals it infects. we investigated the occurrence of g. duodenalis in wild swedish red foxes ( vulpes vulpes ), with the aim of providing preliminary information on how this abundant predator might be involved i ... | 2017 | 28362140 |
| giardiasis and subsequent irritable bowel syndrome: a longitudinal cohort study using health insurance data. | giardia intestinalis is the most commonly reported human intestinal parasite in the united states. increased incidence of chronic gastrointestinal complaints has been reported after some giardiasis outbreaks. we examined the relationship between giardiasis diagnosis and irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) diagnosis. | 2017 | 28329069 |
| comparison and evaluation of four methods for extracting dna from giardia duodenalis cysts for pcr targeting the tpi gene. | giardia duodenalis is an intestinal flagellated protozoan and the common cause of gastrointestinal diseases in human. this parasite can be seen in two different forms in its life cycle including as cyst and trophozoite. due to presence of resistant cyst wall, dna extraction inhibitors along with artifact in stool specimens, this study was performed aiming to evaluate four methods for dna extraction from g. duodenalis cysts. seventy g. duodenalis positive stool specimens that were confirmed by li ... | 2017 | 28316423 |
| association of enteric parasitic infections with intestinal inflammation and permeability in asymptomatic infants of são tomé island. | the cumulative effect of repeated asymptomatic enteric infections on intestinal barrier is not fully understood in infants. we aimed to evaluate the association between previous enteric parasitic infections and intestinal inflammation and permeability at 24-months of age, in asymptomatic infants of são tomé island. a subset of infants from a birth cohort, with intestinal parasite evaluations in at least four points of assessment, was eligible. intestinal inflammatory response and permeability we ... | 2017 | 28279129 |
| an audit of cryptosporidium and giardia detection in scottish national health service diagnostic microbiology laboratories. | giardia duodenalis and cryptosporidium species are protozoan parasites capable of causing gastrointestinal disease in humans and animals through the ingestion of infective faeces. whereas cryptosporidium species can be acquired locally or through foreign travel, there is the mis-conception that giardiasis is considered to be largely travel-associated, which results in differences in laboratory testing algorithms. in order to determine the level of variation in testing criteria and detection meth ... | 2017 | 28274291 |
| lectin-magnetic separation (lms) for isolation of toxoplasma gondii oocysts from concentrated water samples prior to detection by microscopy or qpcr. | although standard methods for analyzing water samples for the protozoan parasites cryptosporidium spp. and giardia duodenalis are available and widely used, equivalent methods for analyzing water samples for toxoplasma gondii oocysts are lacking. this is partly due to the lack of a readily available, reliable immunomagnetic separation technique (ims). here we investigated the use of lectin-magnetic separation (lms) for isolating t. gondii oocysts from water sample concentrates, with subsequent d ... | 2017 | 28249214 |
| giardia duodenalis genotypes among schoolchildren and their families and pets in urban and rural areas of sinaloa, mexico. | giardiasis is a human health concern worldwide, especially among schoolchildren. giardia duodenalis genotypes a and b are infective to humans, but their zoonotic potential remains controversial. in mexico, the most prevalent genotype is a, but b was also detected in southeastern mexico. in sinaloa state, northwestern mexico, giardiasis is highly prevalent, but giardia genotypes have been poorly studied. | 2017 | 28248680 |
| giardia duodenalis induces pathogenic dysbiosis of human intestinal microbiota biofilms. | giardia duodenalis is a prevalent cause of acute diarrheal disease worldwide. however, recent outbreaks in italy and norway have revealed a link between giardiasis and the subsequent development of chronic post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome. while the mechanisms underlying the causation of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome remain obscure, recent findings suggest that alterations in gut microbiota communities are linked to the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome. in the prese ... | 2017 | 28237889 |
| microvesicles released from giardia intestinalis disturb host-pathogen response in vitro. | giardia intestinalis (g.i), is an anaerobic protozoan and the aetiological agent of giardiasis, a diarrhoea present worldwide and associated with poverty. g.i has a simple life cycle alternating between cyst and trophozoite. cysts are transmitted orally to the stomach and transform to trophozoites in the intestine by a multifactorial process. recently, microvesicles (mvs) have been found to be released from a wide range of eukaryotic cells. we have observed a release of mvs during the life cycle ... | 2017 | 28236495 |
| no molecular epidemiological evidence supporting household transmission of zoonotic giardia duodenalis and cryptosporidium spp. from pet dogs and cats in the province of álava, northern spain. | the role of pet dogs and cats as suitable source of human infections by the diarrheagenic protozoan parasites giardia duodenalis and cryptosporidium spp. has been a topic of intense debate for long time and still remains a largely unsolved problem. in this cross-sectional molecular epidemiological survey we attempted to investigate whether zoonotic (or zooanthroponotic) disease transmission was occurring among humans and domestic dogs and cats sharing the same spatial and temporal setting in bot ... | 2017 | 28235458 |
| coinfection with hymenolepis nana, hymenolepis diminuta, giardia intestinalis, and human immunodeficiency virus: a case report with complex immunologic interactions. | we describe the case of a 43-year-old human immunodeficiency virus-infected man receiving combined antiretroviral therapy and coinfected with hymenolepis nana, hymenolepis diminuta, and giardia intestinalis, presenting as chronic diarrhea and critical weight loss. immunological aspects of these interactions are reviewed. | 2017 | 28219994 |
| detection and molecular diversity of giardia duodenalis and cryptosporidium spp. in sheltered dogs and cats in northern spain. | domestic dogs and cats may act as natural reservoirs of a large number of zoonotic pathogens, including the enteric parasites giardia duodenalis and cryptosporidium spp., the most relevant protozoan species causing gastrointestinal disease worldwide. a cross-sectional epidemiological study aiming to assess the prevalence and molecular diversity of g. duodenalis and cryptosporidium spp. was conducted in an animal rescue centre in the province of álava (northern spain). a total of 194 and 65 faeca ... | 2017 | 28219812 |
| occurrence and molecular genotyping of giardia duodenalis and cryptosporidium spp. in wild mesocarnivores in spain. | there is a surprisingly scarce amount of epidemiological and molecular data on the prevalence, frequency, and diversity of the intestinal protozoan parasites giardia duodenalis and cryptosporidium spp. in wildlife in general and mesocarnivore species in particular. consequently, the extent of the cyst/oocyst environmental contamination attributable to these wild host species and their potential implications for public veterinary health remain largely unknown. in this molecular epidemiological su ... | 2017 | 28215875 |
| detection of giardia duodenalis assemblage e infections at the tibetan plateau area: yaks are suitable hosts. | the prevalence of giardia duodenalis (g. duodenalis) assemblages in yaks is poorly known. the present study examined 297 fecal samples from weaned yak, 4-7 months of age, from 3 different farms, in tibetan plateau area (tpa) of the qinghai province in western china. the prevalence of infection was determined by light and immunofluorescence microscopy, and nested-pcr. pcr was performed for the small subunit ribosomal rna (ssu) amplified 16 positive for g. duodenalis products. the prevalence of gi ... | 2017 | 28209552 |
| a novel in vitro image-based assay identifies new drug leads for giardiasis. | giardia duodenalis is an intestinal parasite that causes giardiasis, a widespread human gastrointestinal disease. treatment of giardiasis relies on a small arsenal of compounds that can suffer from limitations including side-effects, variable treatment efficacy and parasite drug resistance. thus new anti-giardia drug leads are required. the search for new compounds with anti-giardia activity currently depends on assays that can be labour-intensive, expensive and restricted to measuring activity ... | 2017 | 28171818 |
| giardia duodenalis rad52 protein: biochemical characterization and response upon dna damage. | 2017 | 28169401 | |
| parasiticidal effect of synthetic bovine lactoferrin peptides on the enteric parasite giardia intestinalis. | giardia intestinalis is the most common infectious protozoan parasite in children. despite the effectiveness of some drugs, the disease remains a major worldwide problem. consequently, the search for new treatments is important for disease eradication. biological molecules with antimicrobial properties represent a promising alternative to combat pathogens. bovine lactoferrin (blf) is a key component of the innate host defense system, and its peptides have exhibited strong antimicrobial activity. ... | 2017 | 28165283 |
| significance of nitric oxide level in giardiasis. | giardiasis is one of the most prevalent intestinal protozoa infections in humans. nowadays, nitric oxide (no) is known to be involved in the immune system against giardia intestinalis. therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the level of no in individuals with giardiasis in comparison to normal subjects. | 2017 | 28164484 |
| the use of quinacrine in nitroimidazole-resistant giardia duodenalis: an old drug for an emerging problem. | 2017 | 28164233 | |
| detection of intestinal pathogens in river, shore, and drinking water in lima, peru. | water quality management is an ongoing struggle for many locations worldwide. current testing of water supplies can be time-consuming, expensive, and lack sensitivity. this study describes an alternative, easy-to-use, and inexpensive method to water sampling and testing at remote locations. this method was employed to detect a number of intestinal pathogens in various locations of lima, peru. a total of 34 pcr primer pairs were tested for specificity and high-yield amplification for 12 different ... | 2017 | 28138344 |
| prevalence and genetic characterization of cryptosporidium species and giardia duodenalis in lambs in oromia special zone, central ethiopia. | cryptosporidium and giardia duodenalis are gastro-intestinal parasites that infect human and animals worldwide. both parasites share a broad host range and are believed to be zoonosis. the aim of this study was to identify the species of cryptosporidium and assemblages of g. duodenalis in lambs and to elucidate their role in zoonotic transmission. | 2017 | 28095909 |
| foodborne giardiasis: is there any relationship between food handlers and transmission of giardia duodenalis? | the foodborne diseases are the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the human communities. giardia duodenalis, the causative agent of giardiasis, is one of the foodborne parasites, which has public health importance. the aim of the current study was to assess the prevalence of g. duodenalis among food handlers in andimeshk county, southwest of iran. | 2017 | 28079004 |
| population genetic analysis of giardia duodenalis: genetic diversity and haplotype sharing between clinical and environmental sources. | giardia duodenalis is a flagellated intestinal protozoan responsible for infections in various hosts including humans and several wild and domestic animals. few studies have correlated environmental contamination and clinical infections in the same region. the aim of this study was to compare groups of giardia duodenalis from clinical and environmental sources through population genetic analyses to verify haplotype sharing and the degree of genetic similarity among populations from clinical and ... | 2017 | 28074554 |
| the presence of giardia intestinalis in donkeys, equus asinus, in china. | giardia intestinalis is one of the most important zoonotic enteric parasites. as no information regarding prevalence and genotype of g. intestinalis in donkeys (equus asinus) in china is available, 181 faecal samples from 48 donkeys from jilin province, from 104 from shandong province and from 29 from liaoning province were examined between may and december 2015. | 2017 | 28049541 |
| characterization of telomeres and telomerase from the single-celled eukaryote giardia intestinalis. | the ends of linear chromosomes, telomeres, are most commonly maintained by the enzyme telomerase. our study presents the characteristics of telomeres and telomerase from the single-celled parasitic eukaryote giardia intestinalis. using fluorescence in situ hybridization, we localized telomeres during all stages of the trophozoite cell cycle and demonstrated differences in the observed number of telomeric foci, indicating telomere clustering. the length of giardia telomeres was determined in diff ... | 2017 | 27638151 |
| comparative cell biology and evolution of annexins in diplomonads. | annexins are multifunctional, calcium-binding proteins found in organisms across all kingdoms. most studies of annexins from single-celled eukaryotes have focused on the alpha-giardins, proteins assigned to the group e annexins, expressed by the diplomonad giardia intestinalis. we have characterized the annexin gene family in another diplomonad parasite, spironucleus salmonicida, by phylogenetic and experimental approaches. we constructed a comprehensive phylogeny of the diplomonad group e annex ... | 2017 | 27303715 |
| interactions between giardia duodenalis sm proteins and their association with spliceosomal snrnas. | giardia duodenalis is a parasite that colonises the intestines of humans and other vertebrates, causing diarrhoea and poor nutrient absorption. g. duodenalis is sometimes considered an early diverging eukaryote, and its genome exhibits simplified molecular machinery for many cellular processes, which makes it an interesting model to study. the spliceosome, one of the most complex molecular machines in the eukaryotic cell, is responsible for intron excision and exon splicing. just over a decade a ... | 2017 | 27864674 |
| synchronization of pathogenic protozoans. | protozoans are single-celled eukaryotes and many of the best-studied protozoans are parasitic to humans (e.g., plasmodium falciparum causing malaria and trypanosoma brucei causing sleeping sickness). these organisms are distantly related to humans but with retained eukaryotic type of cellular processes, making them good model systems for studies of the evolution of basic processes like the cell cycle. giardia intestinalis causes 250 million cases of diarrhea yearly and is one of the earliest div ... | 2017 | 27815907 |
| strong genetic structure revealed by multilocus patterns of variation in giardia duodenalis isolates of patients from galicia (nw-iberian peninsula). | we report a survey of genetic variation at three coding loci in giardia duodenalis of assemblages a and b obtained from stool samples of patients from santiago de compostela (galicia, nw-iberian peninsula). the mean pooled synonymous diversity for assemblage a was nearly five times lower than for assemblage b (0.77%±0.30% and 4.14%±1.65%, respectively). synonymous variation in both assemblages was in mutation-drift equilibrium and an excess of low-frequency nonsynonymous variants suggested the a ... | 2017 | 27993728 |
| nested pcr targeting intergenic spacer (igs) in genotyping of giardia duodenalis isolated from symptomatic and asymptomatic infected egyptian school children. | distinct sequences of giardia duodenalis assemblages raised the hypothesis that certain assemblages may contribute to its clinical outcome. however, sequences analysis is time consuming, expensive, and needs many manual operations. nested pcr targeting intergenic spacer (igs) region was applied successfully to genotype g. duodenalis. this study aimed to identify the prevalence of g. duodenalis assemblages among giardiasis school children and its relation to the presence of symptoms using nested ... | 2017 | 27975120 |
| prevalence of giardia duodenalis assemblages and sub-assemblages in symptomatic patients from damascus city and its suburbs. | giardia duodenalis is one of the most important human enteric parasites worldwide and is endemic throughout the world with a vast range of mammalian hosts. however, there is limited information on the prevalent genetic variability of g. duodenalis in syria. this study aimed to evaluate the predominance of g. duodenalis assemblages/sub-assemblages causing humans infection in the city of damascus and its suburbs. 40 symptomatic giardiasis patients were recruited in this study. fecal samples were g ... | 2017 | 27919804 |
| multilocus sequence analysis of giardia spp. isolated from patients with diarrhea in austria. | giardia duodenalis is a protozoan parasite causing intestinal infections in a wide range of mammals. two distinct assemblages, a and b, infect humans predominantly; however, both are believed to be generally zoonotic. giardia strains associated with infections in austria have not been investigated at the molecular level. in this study, 65 human stool samples microscopically positive for giardia spp. were subjected to dna isolation and nested pcr targeting fragments of the glutamate dehydrogenase ... | 2017 | 27885465 |
| diffuse nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the intestine caused by common variable immunodeficiency and refractory giardiasis. | diffuse nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the gastrointestinal tract is a rare disease characterized by numerous small polypoid nodules in the small intestine, large intestine, or both. it is associated with immunodeficiency and infection, such as giardia lamblia and helicobacter pylori. although diffuse nodular lymphoid hyperplasia associated with common variable immunodeficiency (cvid) and giardiasis is already known, a few studies have reported a regression of the lymphoid nodules after the era ... | 2017 | 28154271 |
| factors affecting gastrointestinal absorption of levothyroxine: a review. | levothyroxine (lt4) is a drug with a narrow therapeutic index, applied in small amounts (micrograms), which makes interactions in the absorption phase clinically significant. the main aim of this article was to review and present the latest information on factors that affect the gastrointestinal absorption of this drug. | 2017 | 28153426 |
| association between parasitic infections and tuberculin skin test results in refugees. | parasitic infections are known to modulate the immune response necessary for controlling mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. we sought to investigate species-specific effects of parasite infection on m. tuberculosis infection. | 2017 | 28342825 |
| prevalence of enteric infections among hospitalized patients in two referral hospitals in ghana. | diarrhea is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. in africa and ghana in particular, it is estimated to contribute directly to 19 and 25% of pediatric mortality among children under 5 years, respectively. | 2017 | 28716138 |
| multiplex pcr detection of cryptosporidium sp, giardia lamblia and entamoeba histolytica directly from dried stool samples from guinea-bissauan children with diarrhoea. | in developing countries, diarrhoea is the most common cause of death for children under five years of age, with giardia lamblia, cryptosporidium and entamoeba histolytica as the most frequent pathogenic parasites. traditional microscopy for stool parasites has poor sensitivity and specificity, while new molecular methods may provide more accurate diagnostics. in poor regions with sample storage hampered by uncertain electricity supply, research would benefit from a method capable of analysing dr ... | 2017 | 28446068 |
| socioenvironmental conditions and intestinal parasitic infections in brazilian urban slums: a cross-sectional study. | a cross-sectional study covering an agglomeration of urban slums was conducted between 2015 and 2016 using participants observation, a socioeconomic survey, and the spontaneous sedimentation method with three slides per sample to analyze fresh stool specimens ( n =595) searching for intestinal parasites. | 2017 | 28793024 |
| intestinal parasitic infections: current status and associated risk factors among school aged children in an archetypal african urban slum in nigeria. | intestinal parasitic infections (ipis) among school aged children (sac) in nigeria remains endemic, hence the need for regular surveillance to attract the attention of policy makers. this cross-sectional study investigated the current prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections among school aged children in an urban slum of lagos city, nigeria. | 2017 | 28711437 |
| detection and multilocus genotyping of giardia duodenalis in dogs in sichuan province, china. | giardia duodenalis (also known as g. intestinalis) is a flagellated protozoan that parasitizes the small intestine and is a common causal agent of zoonotic infections in humans and animals. to assess the genetic diversity and zoonotic transmission potential of g. duodenalis in stray dogs, 159 fecal specimens were collected from dogs in chengdu, yaan, and leshan in sichuan province, china. of the 159 fecal samples from stray dogs, 18 (11.3%) were g. duodenalis-positive based on nested pcr amplifi ... | 2017 | 28770713 |
| immunologic detection of giardia duodenalis in a specific pathogen-free captive olive baboon ( papio cynocephalus anubis) colony. | several commercial giardia immunoassays were evaluated in baboons for sensitivity and specificity as well as ease of use in a large specific pathogen-free (spf) colony. an additional objective was to identify the assemblage(s) of giardia duodenalis present in this baboon colony. a direct immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat) was used as the reference test. tests evaluated were a patient-side rapid test for dogs and cats, a human rapid test, and a well-plate elisa designed for use with humans. t ... | 2017 | 28754076 |
| stool antigen immunodetection for diagnosis of giardia duodenalis infection in human subjects with hiv and cancer. | human infection with the protozoan parasite giardia duodenalis is one the most common parasitic diseases worldwide. higher incidence rates of giardiasis have been reported from human subjects with multiple debilitating chronic conditions, including hypogammaglobulinemia and common variable immunodeficiency (cvid). in the current study, stool specimens were collected from 199 individuals diagnosed with hiv or cancer and immunocompetent subjects. the sensitivity of microscopy-based detection on fr ... | 2017 | 28716658 |
| detection of zoonotic and livestock-specific assemblages of giardia duodenalis in free-living wild lizards. | giardia duodenalis is a zoonotic parasite that infects the gut of a wide range of vertebrates, including numerous wildlife species. however, little is known about this protozoan parasite in reptiles. fecal samples from 31 wild lizards were collected in galicia (northwest spain) and screened for the presence of giardia by pcr amplification and sequencing of the its1-5.8s-its2 region in the ribosomal unit. this allowed detection of the parasite in 5 samples (16.1%), and enabled identification of g ... | 2017 | 28699999 |
| reduced efficacy of albendazole against ascaris lumbricoides in rwandan schoolchildren. | control of human soil-transmitted helminths (sths) relies on preventive chemotherapy of schoolchildren applying the benzimidazoles (bz) albendazole or mebendazole. anthelmintic resistance (ar) is a common problem in nematodes of veterinary importance but for human sths, information on drug efficacy is limited and routine monitoring is rarely implemented. herein, the efficacy of single dose albendazole (400 mg) was evaluated in 12 schools in the huye district of rwanda where ascaris is the predom ... | 2017 | 28697451 |
| morphological and physiological characteristics of a virulent and zoonotic assemblage a giardia duodenalis canine strain. | giardiasis is an intestinal parasitosis that affects millions of people worldwide and is considered a zoonotic disease. frequently in contact with humans, dogs are the main host involved in this zoonotic transmission. here, we compared some aspects of giardia duodenalis biology between two strains: a recently isolated dog strain (bhfc1) and a human reference strain (portland-1). growth curve analysis revealed that bhfc1 trophozoites multiply faster than the human isolate portland-1 in axenic cul ... | 2017 | 28689000 |
| expression and secretion of the giardia duodenalis variant surface protein 9b10a by transfected trophozoites causes damage to epithelial cell monolayers mediated by protease activity. | giardia duodenalis is the protozoan parasite responsible for most cases of parasitic diarrhea worldwide. the pathogenic mechanisms of giardiasis have not yet been fully characterized. in this context parasite's excretory/secretory products have been related to the damage induced by the parasite on enterocytes. among these is the variable surface proteins (vsps) family involved in antigenic variation and in the induction of protective response. in proteomic analyses carried out to identify the pr ... | 2017 | 28668253 |
| giardia duodenalis and cryptosporidium spp. as contaminant protozoa of the main rivers of western romania: genetic characterization and public health potential of the isolates. | the objective of this study was to establish the prevalence, contamination level, and public health significance of giardia duodenalis and cryptosporidium spp. in the primary rivers of western romania. a total of 53 sampling points in the 24 most important western romanian rivers in four counties (arad, bihor, caraș-severin, and timiș) were investigated from march to september 2016. surface water samples were collected by microfiber filtration. cryptosporidium and giardia (oo)cysts were isolated ... | 2017 | 28653194 |
| detection and prevalence of protozoan parasites in ready-to-eat packaged salads on sale in italy. | to investigate the prevalence of protozoan contamination by giardia duodenalis, cryptosporidium spp., toxoplasma gondii and cyclospora cayetanensis, in 'ready to eat' (rte) salads on sale in italy, 648 packages were purchased from industrial and local brands. nine individual packages from each brand were collected per month, pooled and subjected to microscopy and molecular analyses. microscopic examination of 864 slides detected cryptosporidium spp. but also blastocystis hominis and dientamoeba ... | 2017 | 28648295 |
| giardia co-infection promotes the secretion of antimicrobial peptides beta-defensin 2 and trefoil factor 3 and attenuates attaching and effacing bacteria-induced intestinal disease. | our understanding of polymicrobial gastrointestinal infections and their effects on host biology remains incompletely understood. giardia duodenalis is an ubiquitous intestinal protozoan parasite infecting animals and humans. concomitant infections with giardia and other gastrointestinal pathogens commonly occur. in countries with poor sanitation, giardia infection has been associated with decreased incidence of diarrheal disease and fever, and reduced serum inflammatory markers release, via mec ... | 2017 | 28622393 |