Publications

proteomic characterization and schizophyllan production by schizophyllum commune istl04 cultured on leucaena leucocephala wood under submerged fermentation.	in this study schizophyllum commune istl04 was grown on leucaena leucocephala wood (llw) for secretome analysis and schizophyllan production. there is no report on extracellular protein profile and schizophyllan production on woody biomass by this fungus under submerged fermentation conditions. leucaena leucocephala, a promising bioenergy crop having high holocellulose content was used as substrate without pretreatment. the maximum sugar, extracellular protein and exopolysaccharide (eps) product ...	2017	28390274
ensifer shofinae sp. nov., a novel rhizobial species isolated from root nodules of soybean (glycine max).	two bacterial strains isolated from root nodules of soybean were characterized phylogenetically as members of a distinct group in the genus ensifer based on 16s rrna gene comparisons. they were also verified as a separated group by the concatenated sequence analyses of reca, atpd and glnii (with similarities ≤93.9% to the type strains for defined species), and by the average nucleotide identities (ani) between the whole genome sequence of the representative strain ccbau 251167(t) and those of th ...	2017	28209394
a putative 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-coa hydrolase is required for efficient symbiotic nitrogen fixation in sinorhizobium meliloti and sinorhizobium fredii ngr234.	we report that the smb20752 gene of the alfalfa symbiont sinorhizobium meliloti is a novel symbiotic gene required for full n2 -fixation. deletion of smb20752 resulted in lower nitrogenase activity and smaller nodules without impacting overall nodule morphology. orthologs of smb20752 were present in all alpha and beta rhizobia, including the ngr_b20860 gene of sinorhizobium fredii ngr234. a ngr_b20860 mutant formed fix(-) determinate nodules that developed normally to a late stage of the symbios ...	2017	27727485
trypsin inhibitor from leucaena leucocephala seeds delays and disrupts the development of aedes aegypti, a multiple-disease vector.	nowadays, the aedes aegypti mosquito represents a serious public health issue in view of the large outbreaks of the arboviral diseases zika, dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever. this holometabolous insect has midgut digestive enzymes that are trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like proteins. protease inhibitors are able to bind to proteolytic enzymes and promote a blockage in digestion and nutrition, leading to death. thus, we investigated the effect of trypsin inhibitor of leucaena leucocephala (lti) s ...	2017	27040615
potential of different am fungi (native from as-contaminated and uncontaminated soils) for supporting leucaena leucocephala growth in as-contaminated soil.	arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi inoculation is considered a potential biotechnological tool for an eco-friendly remediation of hazardous contaminants. however, the mechanisms explaining how am fungi attenuate the phytotoxicity of metal(oid)s, in particular arsenic (as), are still not fully understood. the influence of as on plant growth and the antioxidant system was studied in leucaena leucocephala plants inoculated with different isolates of am fungi and exposed to increasing concentrations ...	2017	28214191
native rhizobia from zn mining soil promote the growth of leucaena leucocephala on contaminated soil.	plants on contaminated mining soils often show a reduced growth due to nutrient depletion as well as trace elements (tes) toxicity. since those conditions threat plant's survival, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgprs), such as rhizobia, might be of crucial importance for plant colonization on te-contaminated soils. native rhizobia from mining soils are promising candidates for bioaugmented phytoremediation of those soils as they are adapted to the specific conditions. in this work, rhizob ...	2017	27409290
comparison of the effects of mesquite pod and leucaena extracts with phytoestrogens on the reproductive physiology and sexual behavior in the male rat.	mesquite (prosopis sp.) and leucaena leucocephala are widespread legumes, widely used to feed several livestock species and as food source for human populations in several countries. both mesquite and leucaena contain several phytoestrogens which might have potential estrogenic effects. thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of mesquite pod and leucaena extracts on several aspects of behavior and reproductive physiology of the male rat. the effects of the extracts were compared ...	2016	27163522
fungal planet description sheets: 469-557.	novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: australia: apiognomonia lasiopetali on lasiopetalum sp., blastacervulus eucalyptorum on eucalyptus adesmophloia, bullanockia australis (incl. bullanockia gen. nov.) on kingia australis, caliciopsis eucalypti on eucalyptus marginata, celerioriella petrophiles on petrophile teretifolia, coleophoma xanthosiae on xanthosia rotundifolia, coniothyrium hakeae on hakea sp., diatrypella banksiae on banksia for ...	2016	28232766
social behaviour of cattle in tropical silvopastoral and monoculture systems.	silvopastoral systems can be a good alternative for sustainable livestock production because they can provide ecosystem services and improve animal welfare. most farm animals live in groups and the social organization and interactions between individuals have an impact on their welfare. therefore, the objective of this study was to describe and compare the social behaviour of cattle (bos indicus×bos taurus) in a silvopastoral system based on a high density of leucaena (leucaena leucocephala) com ...	2016	26621331
soil quality index for evaluation of reclaimed coal mine spoil.	success in the remediation of mine spoil depends largely on the selection of appropriate tree species. the impacts of remediation on mine soil quality cannot be sufficiently assessed by individual soil properties. however, combination of soil properties into an integrated soil quality index provides a more holistic status of reclamation potentials of tree species. remediation potentials of four tree species (acacia auriculiformis, cassia siamea, dalbergia sissoo, and leucaena leucocephala) were ...	2016	26524272
first report of lecanodiaspis dendrobii douglas, 1892 (hemiptera: lecanodiaspididae) and the associated parasitoid cephaleta sp. (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) in brazil.	lecanodiaspis dendrobii douglas, 1892 (hemiptera: coccoidea: lecanodiaspididae) and the associated parasitoid cephaleta sp. (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) are reported for the first time in brazil. specimens of this scale insect were collected on branches and stems of acacia mangium willd., leucaena leucocephala (lam.) de wit (fabaceae), morus nigra l. (moraceae), citrus reticulata blanco (rutaceae), tectona grandis l. f. (verbenaceae), anacardium occidentale (anacardiaceae), annona squamosa l. and ...	2016	26871743
making a bad situation worse: an invasive species altering the balance of interactions between local species.	biological invasions pose a significant threat to biodiversity, especially on oceanic islands. one of the primary explanations for the success of plant invaders is direct suppression of competitors. however, indirect interactions can also be important, although they are often overlooked in studies on biological invasion. the shrub leucaena leucocephala is a widespread island invader with putative allelopathic effects on the germination and growth of other species. we quantified the impact of leu ...	2016	27010846
tropical legume supplementation influences microbial protein synthesis and rumen ecology.	four rumen-fistulated male swamp buffaloes, 5-year-old with initiated live weight at 360 ± 12 kg, were randomly assigned according to a 4 × 4 latin square design to investigate the effect of feeding high level of dried leucaena leaf (dll) on feed intake, fermentation efficiency and microbial protein synthesis. the dietary treatments were the feeding levels of dll at 0, 2, 4 and 6 kg/head/day. all buffaloes were supplemented with concentrate mixtures at 0.1% of body weight, and rice straw was fed ...	2016	27079697
modulatory effects of condensed tannin fractions of different molecular weights from a leucaena leucocephala hybrid on the bovine rumen bacterial community in vitro.	condensed tannin (ct) fractions of different molecular weights (mws) may affect rumen microbial metabolism by altering bacterial diversity. in this study the effects of unfractionated cts (f0) and five ct fractions (f1-f5) of different mws (f1, 1265.8 da; f2, 1028.6 da; f3, 652.2 da; f4, 562.2 da; f5, 469.6 da) from leucaena leucocephala hybrid-rendang (llr) on the structure and diversity of the rumen bacterial community were investigated in vitro.	2016	26910767
nrcr, a new transcriptional regulator of rhizobium tropici ciat 899 involved in the legume root-nodule symbiosis.	the establishment of nitrogen-fixing rhizobium-legume symbioses requires a highly complex cascade of events. in this molecular dialogue the bacterial nodd transcriptional regulators in conjunction with plant inducers, mostly flavonoids, are responsible for the biosynthesis and secretion of nod factors which are key molecules for successful nodulation. other transcriptional regulators related to the symbiotic process have been identified in rhizobial genomes, including negative regulators such as ...	2016	27096734
isolation and characterization of mimosine, 3, 4 dhp and 2, 3 dhp degrading bacteria from a commercial rumen inoculum.	the presence of the toxic amino acid mimosine in leucaena leucocephala restricts its use as a protein source for ruminants. rumen bacteria degrade mimosine to 3,4- and 2,3-dihydroxypyridine (dhp), which remain toxic. synergistes jonesii is believed to be the main bacterium responsible for degradation of these toxic compounds but other bacteria may also be involved. in this study, a commercial inoculum provided by the queensland's department of agriculture, fisheries, and forestry was screened fo ...	2016	26773324
heterologous expression and characterization of mimosinase from leucaena leucocephala.	heterologous expression of eukaryotic genes in bacterial system is an important method in synthetic biology to characterize proteins. it is a widely used method, which can be sometimes quite challenging, as a number of factors that act along the path of expression of a transgene to mrna, and mrna to protein, can potentially affect the expression of a transgene in a heterologous system. here, we describe a method for successful cloning and expression of mimosinase-encoding gene from leucaena leuc ...	2016	26843166
draft genome sequence of mesorhizobium sp. ufla 01-765, a multitolerant, efficient symbiont and plant growth-promoting strain isolated from zn-mining soil using leucaena leucocephala as a trap plant.	we report the 7.4-mb draft genome sequence of mesorhizobium sp. strain ufla 01-765, a gram-negative bacterium of the phyllobacteriaceae isolated from zn-mining soil in minas gerais, brazil. this strain promotes plant growth, efficiently fixes n2 in symbiosis with leucaena leucocephala on multicontaminated soil, and has potential for application in bioremediation of marginal lands.	2016	26966214
rna-seq analysis of the rhizobium tropici ciat 899 transcriptome shows similarities in the activation patterns of symbiotic genes in the presence of apigenin and salt.	rhizobium tropici strain ciat 899 establishes effective symbioses with several legume species, including phaseolus vulgaris and leucaena leucocephala. this bacterium synthesizes a large variety of nodulation factors in response to nod-gene inducing flavonoids and, surprisingly, also under salt stress conditions. the aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes in the presence of both inducer molecules, and analyze the promoter regions located upstream of these genes.	2016	26951045
abiotic stress induces change in cinnamoyl coa reductase (ccr) protein abundance and lignin deposition in developing seedlings of leucaena leucocephala.	aboitic stress such as drought and salinity are class of major threats, which plants undergo through their lifetime. lignin deposition is one of the responses to such abiotic stresses. the gene encoding cinnamoyl coa reductase (ccr) is a key gene for lignin biosynthesis, which has been shown to be over-expressed under stress conditions. in the present study, developing seedlings of leucaena leucocephala (vernacular name: subabul, white popinac) were treated with 1 % mannitol and 200 mm nacl to m ...	2015	25931776
regulatory nodd1 and nodd2 genes of rhizobium tropici strain ciat 899 and their roles in the early stages of molecular signaling and host-legume nodulation.	nodulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation are mediated by several genes, both of the host legume and of the bacterium. the rhizobial regulatory nodd gene plays a critical role, orchestrating the transcription of the other nodulation genes. rhizobium tropici strain ciat 899 is an effective symbiont of several legumes-with an emphasis on common bean (phaseolus vulgaris)-and is unusual in carrying multiple copies of nodd, the roles of which remain to be elucidated.	2015	25880529
potential of tannin-rich plants for modulating ruminal microbes and ruminal fermentation in sheep.	the objective of this work was to study nutritional strategies for decreasing methane production by ruminants fed tropical diets, combining in vitro and in vivo methods. the in vitro approach was used to evaluate the dose effect of condensed tannins (ct) contained in leaves of gliricidia sepium, leucaena leucocephala, and manihot esculenta (39, 75, and 92 g ct/kg dm, respectively) on methane production and ruminal fermentation characteristics. tannin-rich plants (trp) were incubated for 24 h alo ...	2015	25568379
anthelmintic activity of leucaena leucocephala protein extracts on haemonchus contortus.	the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of protein extracts obtained from the plant leucaena leucocephala on the nematode parasite haemonchus contortus. the seeds, shell and cotyledon of l. leucocephala were separated and their proteins extracted using a sodium phosphate buffer, and named as te (total seed extract), se (shell extract) and ce (cotyledon extract). soluble protein content, protease, protease inhibitory and chitinase activity assays were performed. exsheathment inhib ...	2015	26689178
mesorhizobium acaciae sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of acacia melanoxylon r. br.	three novel strains, ritf741t, ritf1220 and ritf909, isolated from root nodules of acacia melanoxylon in guangdong province of china, have been previously identified as members of the genus mesorhizobium, displaying the same 16s rrna gene rflp pattern. phylogenetic analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences indicated that the three strains belong to the genus mesorhizobium and had highest similarity (100.0 %) to mesorhizobium plurifarium lmg 11892t. phylogenetic analyses of housekeeping genes reca, atp ...	2015	26296667
phenotypic and biochemical characterization of root nodule bacteria naturally associated with woody tree legumes in saudi arabia.	thirty root-nodulating bacteria isolates were obtained from the roots of acacia ampliceps (maslin), a. ehrenbergiana (hayne.), a. saligna (labill.), a. seyal (del.), a. tortilis (forssk.), a. tortilis subsp. raddiana (savi.), leucaena leucocephala (lam.) and vicia faba (l.) trees growing in the riyadh region. the isolates' phenotypic and biochemical properties were characterized by assessing colony appearance, growth rate, resistance to antibiotics and heavy metals, and tolerance to salinity, el ...	2015	25895257
immobilized lipase from schizophyllum commune istl04 for the production of fatty acids methyl esters from cyanobacterial oil.	novel lipase from model mushroom schizophyllum commune strain istl04 produced by solid state fermentation of leucaena leucocephala seeds, was immobilized onto celite for enzymatic fames production from cyanobacterial endolith leptolyngbya istcy101. the isolate showed vigorous growth and produced remarkable lipase activity of 146.5 u g(-1) dry solid substrate, without any external lipase inducer. single-factor experiments were carried out to study the effects of various reaction parameters on the ...	2015	25670399
elucidation of leucaena leucocephala anthelmintic-like phytochemicals and the ultrastructural damage generated to eggs of cooperia spp.	leucaena leucocephala is a tropical forage legume suggested as an alternative method to control gastrointestinal parasitism in ruminants. this study: (1) performed a bio-guided fractionation of an aqueous extract of l. leucocephala using the egg hatch assay (eha) to identify the anthelmintic (ah)-like phytochemicals present in fresh leaves, and (2) assessed the ultrastructural damage to eggs of cooperia spp. after incubation with the final fraction. phytochemicals were isolated using silica gel ...	2015	26477279
opening the "black box" of nodd3, nodd4 and nodd5 genes of rhizobium tropici strain ciat 899.	transcription of nodulation genes in rhizobial species is orchestrated by the regulatory nodd gene. rhizobium tropici strain ciat 899 is an intriguing species in possessing features such as broad host range, high tolerance of abiotic stresses and, especially, by carrying the highest known number of nodd genes--five--and the greatest diversity of nod factors (lipochitooligosaccharides, lcos). here we shed light on the roles of the multiple nodd genes of ciat 899 by reporting, for the first time, ...	2015	26502986
ovarian activity and estrus behavior in early postpartum cows grazing leucaena leucocephala in the tropics.	the legume leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) is widely used to supplement forage in silvopastoral livestock systems in latin america. little is known about its possible effects on the cow reproductive dynamic. the aim was to evaluate the effect of leucaena foliage intake on re-establishment of ovarian activity and estrus behavior in early postpartum (7-90 days) cows. twenty-four multiparous bos taurus × bos indicus cows were divided into two homogenous groups and assigned to one of two treatments ...	2015	26210396
traditional knowledge on poisonous plants of udhampur district of jammu and kashmir, india.	poisonous plants comprise the third largest category of poisons known around the world. other than affecting the humans directly, they are the major cause of economic losses in the livestock industry since the advent of civilisation. aim of the present study was to collect and systematically document the traditional knowledge of poisonous plants of udhampur district for the benefit of humanity before it is entombed forever.	2014	24412380
performance of goats fed on low quality veld hay supplemented with fresh spiny cactus (opuntia megacantha) mixed with browse legumes hay in zimbabwe.	nutrition is a major constraint in smallholder livestock production; hence, the use of alternative sources which are adaptive to long dry seasons is imperative. the study was conducted to establish options of improving nutrition and palatability and also to determine the performance of goats fed on cactus-browse hay as dry season supplements. palatability and adequacy of nutrition was investigated using 32 castrated male goat kids. the kids were housed in individual metabolism cages for 84 days ...	2014	25023231
polymerization degrees, molecular weights and protein-binding affinities of condensed tannin fractions from a leucaena leucocephala hybrid.	condensed tannins (cts) form insoluble complexes with proteins and are able to protect them from degradation, which could lead to rumen bypass proteins. depending on their degrees of polymerization (dp) and molecular weights, ct fractions vary in their capability to bind proteins. in this study, purified condensed tannins (cts) from a leucaena leucocephala hybrid were fractionated into five different molecular weight fractions. the structures of the ct fractions were investigated using 13c-nmr. ...	2014	24927368
leucaena sp. recombinant cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase: purification and physicochemical characterization.	cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase is a broad substrate specificity enzyme catalyzing the final step in monolignol biosynthesis, leading to lignin formation in plants. here, we report characterization of a recombinant cad homologue (llcad2) isolated from leucaena leucocephala. llcad2 is 80 kda homo-dimer associated with non-covalent interactions, having substrate preference toward sinapaldehyde with kcat/km of 11.6×10(6) (m(-1) s(-1)), and a possible involvement of histidine at the active site. the ...	2014	24064207
sward characteristics and performance of dairy cows in organic grass-legume pastures shaded by tropical trees.	the silvopastoral system (sps) has been suggested to ensure sustainability in animal production systems in tropical ecosystems. the objective of this study was to evaluate pasture characteristics, herbage intake, grazing activity and milk yield of holstein×zebu cows managed in two grazing systems (treatments): sps dominated by a graminaceous forage (brachiaria decumbens) intercropped with different leguminous herbaceous forages (stylosanthes spp., pueraria phaseoloides and calopogonium mucunoide ...	2014	24703358
biochemical characterization of acacia schweinfurthii serine proteinase inhibitor.	one of the many control mechanisms of serine proteinases is their specific inhibition by protein proteinase inhibitors. an extract of acacia schweinfurthii was screened for potential serine proteinase inhibition. it was successfully purified to homogeneity by precipitating with 80% (v/v) acetone and sequential chromatographic steps, including ion-exchange, affinity purification and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. reducing sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrop ...	2014	24090421
buffer nitrogen solubility, in vitro ruminal partitioning of nitrogen and in vitro ruminal biological activity of tannins in leaves of four fodder tree species.	this study explores the chemical composition, buffer n solubility, in vitro ruminal n degradability and in vitro ruminal biological activity of tannins in leaves from gliricidia sepium, leucaena leucocephala, morus alba and trichanthera gigantea trees. these tree leaves are a potential protein source for ruminants, but their site-influenced nutritive value is largely unknown. leucaena leucocephala leaves had the highest n content (42.1 g/kg dm), while t. gigantea leaves had the least (26.1 g/kg ...	2014	24750263
rhizobium paranaense sp. nov., an effective n2-fixing symbiont of common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) with broad geographical distribution in brazil.	nitrogen (n), the nutrient most required for plant growth, is key for good yield of agriculturally important crops. common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) can benefit from bacteria collectively called rhizobia, which are capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen (n2) in root nodules and supplying it to the plant. common bean is amongst the most promiscuous legume hosts; several described species, in addition to putative novel ones have been reported as able to nodulate this legume, although not always ...	2014	24972614
an o-acetylserine (thiol) lyase from leucaena leucocephala is a cysteine synthase but not a mimosine synthase.	in plants, the final step of cysteine formation is catalyzed by o-acetylserine (thiol) lyase (oas-tl). the purpose of this study was to isolate and characterize an oas-tl from the tree legume leucaena leucocephala (leucaena). leucaena contains a toxic, nonprotein amino acid, mimosine, which is also formed by an oas-tl, and characterization of this enzyme is essential for developing a mimosine-free leucaena for its use as a protein-rich fodder. the cdna for a cytosolic leucaena oas-tl isoform was ...	2014	24777760
a carbon-nitrogen lyase from leucaena leucocephala catalyzes the first step of mimosine degradation.	the tree legume leucaena leucocephala contains a large amount of a toxic nonprotein aromatic amino acid, mimosine, and also an enzyme, mimosinase, for mimosine degradation. in this study, we isolated a 1,520-bp complementary dna (cdna) for mimosinase from l. leucocephala and characterized the encoded enzyme for mimosine-degrading activity. the deduced amino acid sequence of the coding region of the cdna was predicted to have a chloroplast transit peptide. the nucleotide sequence, excluding the s ...	2014	24351687
phenotypic, molecular and symbiotic characterization of the rhizobial symbionts of desmanthus paspalaceus (lindm.) burkart that grow in the province of santa fe, argentina.	desmanthus paspalaceus (lindm.) burkart belongs to the d. virgatus complex, subfamily mimosoidae. the known potential as livestock fodder of several of these legumes prompted us to undertake a phenotypic, molecular, and symbiotic characterization of the d. paspalaceus symbionts in the santa fe province, argentina. the rhizobia collected--containing isolates with different abiotic-stress tolerances--showed a remarkable genetic diversity by pcr fingerprinting, with 11 different amplification profi ...	2014	25153989
characterization of rhizobium grahamii extrachromosomal replicons and their transfer among rhizobia.	rhizobium grahamii belongs to a new phylogenetic group of rhizobia together with rhizobium mesoamericanum and other species. r. grahamii has a broad-host-range that includes leucaena leucocephala and phaseolus vulgaris, although it is a poor competitor for p. vulgaris nodulation in the presence of rhizobium etli or rhizobium phaseoli strains. this work analyzed the genome sequence and transfer properties of r. grahamii plasmids.	2014	24397311
high-resolution transcriptomic analyses of sinorhizobium sp. ngr234 bacteroids in determinate nodules of vigna unguiculata and indeterminate nodules of leucaena leucocephala.	the rhizobium-legume symbiosis is a model system for studying mutualistic interactions between bacteria and eukaryotes. sinorhizobium sp. ngr234 is distinguished by its ability to form either indeterminate nodules or determinate nodules with diverse legumes. here, we presented a high-resolution rna-seq transcriptomic analysis of ngr234 bacteroids in indeterminate nodules of leucaena leucocephala and determinate nodules of vigna unguiculata. in contrast to exponentially growing free-living bacter ...	2013	23936444
biochemical characterization of recombinant cinnamoyl coa reductase 1 (ll-ccrh1) from leucaena leucocephala.	recombinant cinnamoyl coa reductase 1 (ll-ccrh1) protein from leucaena leucocephala was overexpressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3) strain and purified to apparent homogeneity. optimum ph for forward and reverse reaction was found to be 6.5 and 7.8 respectively. the enzyme was most stable around ph 6.5 at 25°c for 90 min. the enzyme showed kcat/km for feruloyl, caffeoyl, sinapoyl, coumaroyl coa, coniferaldehyde and sinapaldehyde as 4.6, 2.4, 2.3, 1.7, 1.9 and 1.2 (×10(6) m(-1) s(-1)), respectiv ...	2013	23541561
midd-encoded 'rhizomimosinase' from rhizobium sp. strain tal1145 is a c-n lyase that catabolizes l-mimosine into 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone, pyruvate and ammonia.	rhizobium sp. strain tal1145 catabolizes mimosine, which is a toxic non-protein amino acid present in leucaena leucocephala (leucaena). the objective of this investigation was to study the biochemical and catalytic properties of the enzyme encoded by midd, one of the tal1145 genes involved in mimosine degradation. the midd-encoded enzyme, midd, was expressed in escherichia coli, purified and used for biochemical and catalytic studies using mimosine as the substrate. the reaction products in the ...	2013	23462928
functional characterization, homology modeling and docking studies of β-glucosidase responsible for bioactivation of cyanogenic hydroxynitrile glucosides from leucaena leucocephala (subabul).	glycosyl hydrolase family 1 β-glucosidases are important enzymes that serve many diverse functions in plants including defense, whereby hydrolyzing the defensive compounds such as hydroxynitrile glucosides. a hydroxynitrile glucoside cleaving β-glucosidase gene (llbglu1) was isolated from leucaena leucocephala, cloned into pet-28a (+) and expressed in e. coli bl21 (de3) cells. the recombinant enzyme was purified by ni-nta affinity chromatography. the optimal temperature and ph for this β-glucosi ...	2013	23079707
immunostimulatory effect of artificial feed supplemented with indigenous plants on clarias gariepinus against aeromonas hydrophila.	the antibacterial activity of methanol extracts of ficus benghalensis (prop-root) and leucaena leucocephala (pod seed) was evaluated by measurement of zone of inhibition against pathogenic bacteria, escherichia coli and aeromonas hydrophila. control artificial feed and artificial feed supplemented with 5% powder of f. benghalensis and l. leucocephala were prepared. juvenile clarias gariepinus were divided into four groups, acclimatized to laboratory conditions and fed with respective feeds for 2 ...	2013	24120503
rhizobium freirei sp. nov., a symbiont of phaseolus vulgaris that is very effective at fixing nitrogen.	common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) can establish symbiotic associations with several rhizobium species; however, the effectiveness of most strains at fixing nitrogen under field conditions is very low. prf 81(t) is a very effective strain, usually referred to as rhizobium tropici and used successfully in thousands of doses of commercial inoculants for the common bean crop in brazil; it has shown high rates of nitrogen fixation in all areas representative of the crop in the country. here, we pre ...	2013	23771622
development of feeding systems and strategies of supplementation to enhance rumen fermentation and ruminant production in the tropics.	the availability of local feed resources in various seasons can contribute as essential sources of carbohydrate and protein which significantly impact rumen fermentation and the subsequent productivity of the ruminant. recent developments, based on enriching protein in cassava chips, have yielded yeast fermented cassava chip protein (yefecap) providing up to 47.5% crude protein (cp), which can be used to replace soybean meal. the use of fodder trees has been developed through the process of pell ...	2013	23981662
feeding potential of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) peels ensiled with leucaena leucocephala and gliricidia sepium assessed with west african dwarf goats.	cassava peels (cape) were ensiled in mixtures with gliricidia sepium and leucaena leucocephala, and the utilization of the mixed silages by west african dwarf (wad) goats was assessed. five silages were composed, comprising of 100% ensiled cape (control), cape + g. sepium 2:1 (w/w; 2cgs), cape + g. sepium 1:1 (w/w; cgs), cape + l. leucocephala 2:1 (w/w; 2cll) and cape + l. leucocephala 1:1 (w/w; cll). all diets were supplemented with molasses (40 g/kg) before ensiling which lasted 3 months. fift ...	2013	23397521
[vegetation biomass allocation and its spatial distribution after 20 years ecological restoration in a dry-hot valley in yuanmou, yunnan province of southwest china].	by using layering harvest method, a comparative study was conducted on the biomass allocation and its spatial distribution of 20-year-old eucalyptus camaldulensis plantation, leucaena leucocephala plantation, and e. camaldulensis-l. leucocephala plantation in yuanmou dry-hot valley of yunnan province, southwest china. the stand biomass in the mixed e. camaldulensis-l. leucocephala plantation (82.99 t x hm(-2)) was between that of monoculture e. camaldulensis plantation (60.64 t x hm(-2)) and l. ...	2013	24066529
salt tolerances of some mainland tree species select as through nursery screening.	a study of salt tolerance was carried out on germination, survival and height growth performance of important mesophytic species such as acacia auriculiformis, acacia hybrid, artocarpus heterophyllus, albizia procera, albizia lebbeck, acacia nilotica, achras sapota, casuarina equisetifolaia, emblica officinalis, leucaena leucocephala, samania saman, swetenia macrophylla, terminalia arjuna, tamarindus indica, terminalia bellirica and thespesia populnea in nursery stage using fresh water and salt ...	2013	24502152
[effects of different planting modes on the soil permeability of sloping farmlands in purple soil area].	taking bare land as the control, this paper studied the effects of different planting modes on the soil permeability of sloping farmlands in purple soil area. for the test six planting modes, the soil permeability was in the order of eriobotrya japonica > citrus limon > vetiveria zizanioides hedgerows +corn >leucaena leucocephala hedgerows + corn> hemerocallis fulva > corn> bare land, and decreased with increasing depth. the eigenvalues of soil infiltration were in the order of initial infiltrat ...	2013	23755487
voltammetric trace determination of mercury using plant refuse modified carbon paste electrodes.	citrus limon peel (kitchen waste) and leucaena leucocephala seeds (agricultural waste) were used as a modifier for fabrication of modified carbon paste electrode for determination of mercury in aqueous sample using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. mercury was adsorbed on electrode surface at open circuit and anodic stripping voltammetric scan was run from -0.5 to 0.5 v. various electrochemical parameters including amount of modifier, supporting electrolyte, accumulating solvent, ...	2013	23709264
effect of condensed tannins on bovine rumen protist diversity based on 18s rrna gene sequences.	molecular diversity of protists from bovine rumen fluid incubated with condensed tannins of leucaena leucocephala hybrid-rendang at 20 mg/500 mg dry matter (treatment) or without condensed tannins (control) was investigated using 18s rrna gene library. clones from the control library were distributed within nine genera, but clones from the condensed tannin treatment clone library were related to only six genera. diversity estimators such as abundance-based coverage estimation and chao1 showed si ...	2013	23205499
tropical tanniniferous legumes used as an option to mitigate sheep enteric methane emission.	this study presents the first results from brazil using sf(6) tracer technique adapted from cattle to evaluate the capability of condensed tannin (ct) present in three tropical legume forages, leucaena leucocephala (leu), styzolobium aterrimum (sta), and mimosa caesalpiniaefolia benth (mim) to reduce enteric ch(4) production in santa inês sheep. twelve male lambs [27.88 ± 2.85 kg body weight (bw)] were allocated in individual metabolic cages for 20-day adaptation followed by 6 days for measuring ...	2013	23054809
methane production of different forages in in vitro ruminal fermentation.	an in vitro rumen batch culture study was completed to compare effects of common grasses, leguminous shrubs and non-leguminous shrubs used for livestock grazing in australia and ghana on ch4 production and fermentation characteristics. grass species included andropodon gayanus, brachiaria ruziziensis and pennisetum purpureum. leguminous shrub species included cajanus cajan, cratylia argentea, gliricidia sepium, leucaena leucocephala and stylosanthes guianensis and non-leguminous shrub species in ...	2012	25049482
comparison of the formation of nicotinic acid conjugates in leaves of different plant species.	there are three metabolic fates of nicotinic acid in plants: (1) nicotinic acid mononucleotide formation for nad synthesis by the so-called salvage pathway of pyridine nucleotide biosynthesis; (2) nicotinic acid n-glucoside formation; and (3) trigonelline (n-methylnicotinic acid) formation. in the present study, the metabolism of [carbonyl-(14)c]nicotinamide was investigated in leaves of 23 wild plant species. all species readily converted nicotinamide to nicotinic acid, and only a fraction of n ...	2012	22983143
cyclic-β-glucans of rhizobium (sinorhizobium) sp. strain ngr234 are required for hypo-osmotic adaptation, motility, and efficient symbiosis with host plants.	cyclic-β-glucans (cβg) consist of cyclic homo-polymers of glucose that are present in the periplasmic space of many gram-negative bacteria. a number of studies have demonstrated their importance for bacterial infection of plant and animal cells. in this study, a mutant of rhizobium (sinorhizobium) sp. strain ngr234 (ngr234) was generated in the cyclic glucan synthase (ndvb)-encoding gene. the great majority of cβg produced by wild-type ngr234 are negatively charged and substituted. the ndvb muta ...	2012	22583376
phytostabilization of a pb-contaminated mine tailing by various tree species in pot and field trial experiments.	the potential of 6 tree species (leucaena leucocephala, acacia mangium, peltophorum pterocarpum, pterocarpus macrocarpus, lagerstroemia floribunda, eucalyptus camaldulensis) for phytoremediation of pb in sand tailings (total pb >9850 mg kg(-1)) from kemco pb mine in kanchanaburi province, thailand, were investigated employing a pot experiment (3 months) and field trial experiment (12 months). in pot study e. camaldulensis treated with osmocote fertilizer attained the highest total biomass (15.3 ...	2012	22908655
the potential influence of plant-based feed supplements on sperm quantity and quality in livestock: a review.	the reproductive performance of male livestock is of economic importance, and improving semen quantity and quality, especially for artificial insemination, additionally helps to avoid the loss of valuable genotypes. the review focuses on the impact of oxidative stress on sperm production and quality in livestock, and the potential role of plant based anti-oxidants to control this impact. from scientific reports dealing with livestock, the paper compiles evidence on effective dietary measures aff ...	2012	22575847
effects of tropical high tannin non legume and low tannin legume browse mixtures on fermentation parameters and methanogenesis using gas production technique.	in vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate the suitability of several mixtures of high tanniniferous non legumes with low tanniniferous legumes on in vitro gas production (ivgp), dry matter degradation, ammonia-n, methane production and microbial population. eight treatments were examined in a randomized complete block design using four non-legumes and two legumes (carallia integerrima×leucaena leucocephala (ll) (trt 1), c. integerrima×gliricidia sepium (gs) (trt 2), aporosa lindeliyana×ll ...	2012	25049496
the type 3 protein secretion system of cupriavidus taiwanensis strain lmg19424 compromises symbiosis with leucaena leucocephala.	cupriavidus taiwanensis forms proficient symbioses with a few mimosa species. inactivation of a type iii protein secretion system (t3ss) had no effect on mimosa pudica but allowed c. taiwanensis to establish chronic infections and fix nitrogen in leucaena leucocephala. unlike what was observed for other rhizobia, glutamate rather than plant flavonoids mediated transcriptional activation of this atypical t3ss.	2012	22865066
galactomannan thin films as supports for the immobilization of concanavalin a and/or dengue viruses.	the immobilization of the glucose/mannose-binding lectin from concanavalia ensiformis seeds (cona) onto a monolayer made of a galactomannan extracted from leucaena leucocephala seeds (gml), which was adsorbed onto - amino-terminated surfaces, was investigated by means of ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy. the mean thickness of gml monolayer, which polysaccharide consists of linear 1→4-linked β-d-mannopyranosil units partially substituted at c-6 by α-d-galactopyranosyl units, amounted to ( ...	2012	22020153
rhizobium grahamii sp. nov. from dalea leporina, leucaena leucocephala, clitoria ternatea nodules, and rhizobium mesoamericanum sp. nov. from phaseolus vulgaris, siratro, cowpea and mimosa pudica nodules.	two novel related rhizobium species, rhizobium grahamii and rhizobium mesoamericanum were identified by a polyphasic approach using dna-dna hybridization, whole genome sequencing, phylogenetic and phenotypic characterization including nodulation of leucaena leucocephala and phaseolus vulgaris (bean). as similar bacteria were found in los tuxtlas rain forest and in central america we suggest the existence of a mesoamerican microbiological corridor. the type strain of rhizobium grahamii sp. nov. i ...	2011	22081714
in vitro screening of plant lectins and tropical plant extracts for anthelmintic properties.	lectins are plant secondary metabolites (psm) found in many forages and which may confer anthelmintic properties to gastrointestinal parasites through disrupting the development of parasitic larvae throughout its life cycle. in experiment 1, the ability of the plant lectins jacalin (jac), concanavalin a (con a), phytohemagglutinin e2l2 (pha-e2l2), phytohemagglutinin l4 (pha-l4), phytohemagglutinin e3l (pha-e3l), kidney bean albumin (kba), robinia pseudoacacia agglutinin (rpa), maackia amurensis ...	2011	22130336
Role of bioinoculants and organic fertilizers in fodder production and quality of leguminous tree species.	The comparative effect of dual inoculation of native N fixer (Rhizobium) and AM fungi consortia with different organic fertilizers (vermicompost and farm yard manure) on fodder production and quality of two leguminous tree species (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam) de. Wit. and Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr.) in silvopastoral system and their impact on the fodder production of un-inoculated Panicum maximum Jacq. under cut and carry system. After three years of plantation maximum tree survival was in L. le ...	2011	21888233
feeding of tropical trees and shrub foliages as a strategy to reduce ruminal methanogenesis: studies conducted in cuba.	the aim of this paper was to present the main results obtained in cuba on the effects of feeding tropical trees and shrubs on rumen methanogenesis in animals fed with low quality fibrous diets. more than 20 tree and shrub foliages were screened for phytochemicals and analyzed for chemical constituents. from these samples, seven promising plants (samanea saman, albizia lebbeck, tithonia diversifolia, leucaena leucocephala, trichantera gigantea, sapindus saponaria, and morus alba) were evaluated f ...	2011	22205224
down-regulation of leucaena leucocephala cinnamoyl coa reductase (llccr) gene induces significant changes in phenotype, soluble phenolic pools and lignin in transgenic tobacco.	cdna and genomic clones of cinnamoyl coa reductase measuring 1011 and 2992 bp were isolated from a leguminous pulpwood tree leucaena leucocephala, named as llccr. the cdna exhibited 80-85% homology both at the nucleotide and amino acid levels with other known sequences. the genomic sequence contained five exons and four introns. sense and antisense constructs of llccr were introduced in tobacco plants to up and down-regulate this key enzyme of lignification. the primary transformants showed a go ...	2011	21847621
assessment of phytochemical content, polyphenolic composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of leguminosae medicinal plants in peninsular malaysia.	many medicinal plants from leguminosae family can be found easily in malaysia. these plants have been used as traditional medicines by local ethnic groups, where they are prepared as decoction, pastes for wound infections, and some have been eaten as salad. this paper focused on the assessment of antioxidant potential, antibacterial activity and classes of phytochemicals of nine plants from the leguminosae family.	2011	21306653
methane emissions from grazing cattle using point-source dispersion.	the ability to accurately measure greenhouse gas (ghg) emissions is essential to gauge our ability to reduce these emissions. enteric methane from ruminants is an important but often difficult source to quantify since it depends on the amount and type of feed intake. unfortunately, many of the available measurement techniques for estimating enteric methane emissions can impose a change in feed intake. our study evaluates a nonintrusive technique that uses a novel approach (point-source dispersio ...	2011	21488489
comparing the sensitivity of two in vitro assays to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of tropical tannin rich plant extracts against haemonchus contortus.	the present trial aimed at comparing the sensitivity of two in vitro methods, i.e. the larval migration inhibition assay (lmia) and the larval exsheathment inhibition assay (leia), to evaluate the anthelmintic (ah) properties of tannin-rich plant extracts against haemonchus contortus infective larvae. the two assays were applied on the same batch of h. contortus infective larvae exposed to water/acetonic extracts obtained from four tropical plants with different tannin contents: acacia gaumeri, ...	2011	21530082
reclassification of rhizobium tropici type a strains as rhizobium leucaenae sp. nov.	rhizobium tropici is a well-studied legume symbiont characterized by high genetic stability of the symbiotic plasmid and tolerance to tropical environmental stresses such as high temperature and low soil ph. however, high phenetic and genetic variabilities among r. tropici strains have been largely reported, with two subgroups, designated type a and b, already defined within the species. a polyphasic study comprising multilocus sequence analysis, phenotypic and genotypic characterizations, inclu ...	2011	21742822
evidence of an american origin for symbiosis-related genes in rhizobium lusitanum.	randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis was used to investigate the diversity of 179 bean isolates recovered from six field sites in the arcos de valdevez region of northwestern portugal. the isolates were divided into 6 groups based on the fingerprint patterns that were obtained. representatives for each group were selected for sequence analysis of 4 chromosomal dna regions. five of the groups were placed within rhizobium lusitanum, and the other group was placed within r. tropici ty ...	2011	21705533
effect of six tropical tanniferous plant extracts on larval exsheathment of haemonchus contortus.	tanniferous plants represent a promising alternative for controlling gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants. this experiment evaluated the effects of extracts from the leaf and stem of anadenanthera colubrina, leucaena leucocephala and mimosa tenuiflora on larval exsheathment of haemonchus contortus in vitro and verified the role of tannins in this process. third-stage larvae of h. contortus were incubated with extracts for 3 hours and were exposed to sodium hypochlorite solution. the ext ...	2011	21722491
cloning, expression, functional validation and modeling of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase isolated from xylem of leucaena leucocephala.	a cdna encoding cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (cad), catalyzing conversion of cinnamyl aldehydes to corresponding cinnamyl alcohols, was cloned from secondary xylem of leucaena leucocephala. the cloned cdna was expressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3) plyss cells. temperature and zn(2+) ion played crucial role in expression and activity of enzyme, such that, at 18°c and at 2 mm zn(2+) the cad was maximally expressed as active enzyme in soluble fraction. the expressed protein was purified 14.78- ...	2011	21708267
within-country variation in the ability of ruminants to degrade dhp following the ingestion of leucaena leucocephala--a thailand experience.	goats fed leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) at an experimental site in thailand were shown to be excreting dhp in their urine. this was unexpected as earlier results from another site had shown that goats and cattle fed leucaena did not excrete dhp and so possessed dhp-degrading bacteria. goats sampled near the earlier sample site excreted no dhp in their urine. rumen fluid taken from these goats was successfully used to transfer dhp--degrading ability to the goats at the experimental site some 3 ...	2010	19544003
phylogenetic analyses of symbiotic genes and characterization of functional traits of mesorhizobium spp. strains associated with the promiscuous species acacia seyal del.	to assess the phenotypic, symbiotic and genotypic diversity scope of mesorhizobium spp. strains associated with acacia seyal (del.) isolated from different agro-ecological zones in senegal, and uses of susceptible microbial inoculum in a reafforestation process.	2010	19735328
transgenic leucaena leucocephala expressing the rhizobium gene pyda encoding a meta-cleavage dioxygenase shows reduced mimosine content.	the use of the tree-legume leucaena leucocephala (leucaena), which contains high levels of proteins in its foliage, is limited due to the presence of the toxic free amino acid mimosine. the goal of this research was to develop transgenic leucaena with reduced mimosine content. two genes, pyda and pydb, encoding a meta-cleavage dioxygenase (ec 1.13.11.2) and a pyruvate hydrolase (ec 3.7.1.6), respectively, from the mimosine-degrading leucaena symbiont rhizobium sp. strain tal1145, were used to tr ...	2010	20138776
effect of tropical browse leaves supplementation on rumen enzymes of sheep and goats fed dichanthium annulatum grass-based diets.	in a switch-over experiment, eight male animals, four each of sheep and goats of local breeds with mean body weight of 26. 8 +/- 2.0 and 30.0 +/- 2.1 kg, were fed dichanthium annulatum (da) grass and four browse species viz. helictris isora, securengia virosa, leucaena leucocephala (ll) and hardwickia binnata (hb) in four feeding trials to assess their supplementary effect on activity of rumen enzymes. the sheep and goats were offered da grass with individual browse in 75:25 and 50:50 proportion ...	2010	20352330
effects of supplementing rice straw with leucaena (leucaena leucocephala) and madras thorn (pithecellobium dulce) foliages on digestibility, microbial n supply and nitrogen balance of growing goats.	a total of 12 crossbred (boer × anglo-nubian) goats were chosen from a commercial farm on the basis of similar body weight (25.0 ± 3.1 kg). the goats were housed in individual pens and allowed 3 weeks to adapt to experimental conditions. the goats were randomly allocated to three treatments in a 3 × 3 latin square experiment (replicated four times). within each period, each goat was given rice straw as roughage plus the respective treatment diet. the diets were iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic ...	2010	20487095
the value of leucaena leucocephala bark in leucaena-grass hay diets for thai goats.	the study assessed the value of leucaena leucocephala bark in leucaena-grass hay diets fed to thai goats. thai goats in metabolism pens were fed diets containing leucaena leaf (55%) + pangola grass hay (hay, 45%); leucaena leaf (48%) + leucaena bark (9%) + hay (43%); leucaena bark (57%) + hay (43%); and hay only. feed percentages are expressed on a dry weight basis. the digestibilities of dry matter (dm) and crude protein (cp) were measured for the four diets. leucaena bark had lower cp concentr ...	2010	20563643
reproductive capacities and development of a seed bruchid beetle, acanthoscelides macrophthalmus, a potential host for the mass rearing of the parasitoid, dinarmus basalis.	the reproductive capacities and development of the seed beetle acanthoscelides macrophthalmus (schaeffer) (coleoptera: bruchidae), found in togo, were determined under natural conditions in a guinean zone for its use as a substitute host for the mass rearing of the parasitoid dinarmus basalts rond (hymenoptera: pteromalidae), a biological agent for the control of beetles that are pests of cowpea, vigna unguiculata (l.) walpers (fabales: fabaceae). population dynamics at the field level; and surv ...	2010	20879923
in vitro acaricidal effect of tannin-rich plants against the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae).	the objectives of this study were to evaluate the in vitro acaricidal effects of lyophilized extracts of four tannin rich plants (acacia pennatula, piscidia piscipula, leucaena leucocephala and lysiloma latisiliquum) against diverse stages of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, and to asses whether tannins were involved in the acaricidal effect using polyethylene glycol (peg) to block tannins. larval immersion (lit) and adult immersion (ait) tests were used to evaluate the acaricidal effect of ...	2010	20947253
effects of streblus asper lour foliage on digestibility, rumen fermentation, and nitrogen balance of growing goats.	eighteen crossbred (thai native x anglo-nubian) goats were chosen from a suranaree university of technology's farm on the basis of similar bodyweight (15.5 ± 3.5 kg). the goats were randomly allocated to three treatments in randomized complete block design. each goat was given urea-treated rice straw as roughage plus the respective treatment diets. the diets were iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic containing cassava pulp, molasses, urea, and commercial mineral and vitamin mix. the experimental tr ...	2010	21088895
expression analysis of cinnamoyl-coa reductase (ccr) gene in developing seedlings of leucaena leucocephala: a pulp yielding tree species.	removal of lignin is a major hurdle for obtaining good quality pulp. leucaena leucocephala (subabul) is extensively used in paper industry in india; therefore, as a first step to generate transgenic plants with low lignin content, cdna and genomic clones of ccr gene were isolated and characterized. the cdna encoding ccr (ec 1.2.1.44) was designated as ll-ccr; the sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame (orf) of 1005 bp. phylogenetic analysis showed that ll-ccr sequence is highly homolog ...	2010	21123078
[soil labile organic carbon contents and their allocation characteristics under different land uses at dry-hot valley].	soil organic carbon (soc), readily oxidation organic carbon (roc), microbial biomass carbon (mbc)and dissolved organic carbon (doc) contents and their allocation ratios were comparatively investigated under leucaena leucocephala woodland, acacia auriculiformis woodland, dry cropland and wasteland in dry-hot valley. results showed that soc contents were not significant differences among the four land uses with the range of 4.22-5.19 g x kg(-1). roc contents under l. leucocephala (2.14 g x kg(-1)) ...	2010	20623878
reclamation of tannery polluted soil through phytoremediation.	the huge volume of sludge emanating from the tannery effluent treatment plants poses a serious environmental problem. phytoremediation is an emerging technology in which the plants are employed to reclamate the contaminated soil strewn with heavy metals (metalloids) and toxic compounds. this work focuses the impact of application of tannery sludge on biochemical properties of 6 months old tree saplings of azadirachta indica a. juss. (neem), melia azedarach linn. (wild neem) and leucaena leucocep ...	2009	23572927
development of an agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol for the tree-legume leucaena leucocephala using immature zygotic embryos.	the tree-legume leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) is used as a perennial fodder because of its fast-growing foliage, which is high in protein content. the use of leucaena as a fodder is however restricted due to the presence of the toxin mimosine. improvements in the nutritional contents as well as other agronomic traits of leucaena can be accomplished through genetic transformation. the objective of this research was to develop a transformation protocol for leucaena using phosphinothricin resist ...	2009	20041041
systematic analysis of in vitro photo-cytotoxic activity in extracts from terrestrial plants in peninsula malaysia for photodynamic therapy.	one hundred and fifty-five extracts from 93 terrestrial species of plants in peninsula malaysia were screened for in vitro photo-cytotoxic activity by means of a cell viability test using a human leukaemia cell-line hl60. these plants which can be classified into 43 plant families are diverse in their type of vegetation and their natural habitat in the wild, and may therefore harbour equally diverse metabolites with potential pharmaceutical properties. of these, 29 plants, namely three from each ...	2009	19647445
performance of growing indigenous goats fed diets based on urban market crop wastes.	the effect of feeding diets including market crop wastes (sweet potato vines (ipomoea batatas) and scarlet eggplant (solanum aethiopicum)) on growth and digestibility was studied using 32 indigenous intact growing male goats. adding elephant grass (pennisetum purpureum), maize bran and leucaena leucocephala leaves, four isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets (sweet potato vines, solanum, mixed and control) were formulated. after the growth trial, 12 goats were randomly selected for a digestibility ...	2009	18551378
coat condition of ringtailed lemurs, lemur catta, at berenty reserve, madagascar: ii. coat and tail alopecia associated with leucaena leucocepahala, 2001-2006.	fur condition in wild ringtailed lemurs, lemur catta, was recorded during september-november birth seasons 2001-2006 at berenty reserve, madagascar. body coat condition was scored on a scale from bs 0: full, smooth coat with guard hairs, to bs5: half or more of back and limbs hairless. tail condition was scored from ts 0: full, to ts 5: half or more hairless. where troop core areas included stands of leucaena leucocephala, alopecia was dramatically more frequent than in similar areas without leu ...	2009	19051314
rare or remarkable microfungi from oaxaca (south mexico)--part ii.	microfungi were collected in southern mexico in the vicinity of puerto escondido, oaxaca in 2007. in 2006, samples were gathered from acacia myrmecophytes [(remarkable microfungi from oaxaca of acacia species) part i]. in the present investigation [part ii], we collected microfungi from different parts of a variety of wild and cultivated higher plants belonging to the families anacardiaceae, caricaceae, fabaceae, moraceae, and nyctaginacae. the microfungi found here live as parasites or saprophy ...	2008	19226752
rhizobium multihospitium sp. nov., isolated from multiple legume species native of xinjiang, china.	thirty-one rhizobial strains isolated from nodules of legumes native of xinjiang, china, were characterized. these strains were classified as belonging to the genus rhizobium based on amplified 16s rdna restriction analysis (ardra). the strains were distinguished from recognized rhizobium species using analysis of 16s-23s rdna intergenic spacers (igs-rflp), sds-page analysis of whole proteins and box-pcr; the test strains always formed a distinct cluster with patterns that were quite different f ...	2008	18599718
mesorhizobium gobiense sp. nov. and mesorhizobium tarimense sp. nov., isolated from wild legumes growing in desert soils of xinjiang, china.	twenty-four mesorhizobium strains were isolated from desert soils in the xinjiang region of china and were characterized by a polyphasic approach. these strains grouped into three clusters in igs-rflp, sds-page analysis of whole-cell proteins and box-pcr analysis, corresponding to genomic species v, vi and vii as found in a previous study. the results were supported by sequencing analyses of rrs, igs, atpd and reca genes. genospecies vii was most related to mesorhizobium septentrionale, while ge ...	2008	18984702
effects of four tropical tanniniferous plant extracts on the inhibition of larval migration and the exsheathment process of trichostrongylus colubriformis infective stage.	the anthelmintic (ah) effect of acacia pennatula, leucaena leucocephala, lisyloma latisiliquum and piscidia piscipula was evaluated in the infective larvae (l(3)) of trichostrongylus colubriformis. different concentrations of lyophilized extracts were tested using the larval migration inhibition (lmi) test. an inhibitor of tannins (the polyvinyl polypyrrolidone [pvpp]) was used to verify whether these compounds were responsible for the ah effects. then, the effect of extracts on larval exsheathm ...	2008	18304736
[comparison of phylogeny analysis methods for rhizobia asolated from albizia spp., acacia spp. and leucaena leucocephala].	multilocus house-keeping gene sequence analysis is a hotspot of taxonomy and phylogeny of prokaryotes. in this research, we used atpd and gln ii gene sequences to analyze the phylogeny of nine rhizobia strains of albizia spp., acacia spp. and leucaena leucocephala and compared the results to that of 16s rdna. the phylogenetic relationships based on the sequence analysis of these three genes were congruent at the genera level. ccbau43060 and ccbau 61139 were located in the branch of rhizobium-agr ...	2008	18338568
in vitro larval migration and kinetics of exsheathment of haemonchus contortus larvae exposed to four tropical tanniniferous plant extracts.	as for some temperate forage, some tropical tanniniferous plants (ttp) from browsing might represent an alternative to chemical anthelmintic. the anthelmintic effect of four ttp (acacia pennatula, lysiloma latisiliquum, piscidia piscipula, leucaena leucocephala) on haemonchus contortus was measured using two in vitro assays. first, the effects of increasing concentrations of lyophilized extracts (150, 300, 600, 1200 microg/ml pbs) were tested on h. contortus larvae (l(3)) using the larval migrat ...	2008	18378085
the cloned 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc) deaminase gene from sinorhizobium sp. strain bl3 in rhizobium sp. strain tal1145 promotes nodulation and growth of leucaena leucocephala.	the objective of this study was to determine the role of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc) deaminase of symbionts in nodulation and growth of leucaena leucocephala. the acds genes encoding acc deaminase were cloned from rhizobium sp. strain tal1145 and sinorhizobium sp. bl3 in multicopy plasmids, and transferred to tal1145. the bl3-acds gene greatly enhanced acc deaminase activity in tal1145 compared to the native acds gene. the transconjugants of tal1145 containing the native or bl3 acds ...	2008	18406559
temporal changes of selected chemical properties in three manure - amended soils of hawaii.	soil amendment with organic materials (crop residues animal manure, and green manure) reportedly has positive effects on soil properties, from acidity to plant-nutrient availability. to examine that hypothesis, an incubation study was conducted to assess the changes in some chemical properties of three different tropical soils (andisol, ultisol, and oxisol) amended with chicken manure and green manure (leucaena leucocephala) at the rate of 10tha(-1). the results showed that organic amendments ra ...	2008	18550367
gut microbiology - broad genetic diversity, yet specific metabolic niches.	analysis of 16s ribosomal rna (rrna)-encoding gene sequences from gut microbial ecosystems reveals bewildering genetic diversity. some metabolic functions, such as glucose utilisation, are fairly widespread throughout the genetic spectrum. others, however, are not. despite so many phylotypes being present, single species or perhaps only two or three species often carry out key functions. among ruminal bacteria, only three species can break down highly structured cellulose, despite the prevalence ...	2008	22443591