Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| mouse paneth cell secretory responses to cell surface glycolipids of virulent and attenuated pathogenic bacteria. | mouse paneth cells respond to bacteria and bacterial cell surface antigens by discharging secretory granules into the lumen of small intestinal crypts (t. ayabe et al., nat. immunol. 1:113-118, 2000). to investigate mechanisms regulating these responses, purified surface glycolipid molecules with known acyl chain modifications and attenuated properties were tested for the ability to stimulate paneth cell secretion. the antigens included lipopolysaccharide (lps) from wild-type and msbb-null esche ... | 2005 | 15784576 |
| identification and functional characterization of chicken toll-like receptor 5 reveals a fundamental role in the biology of infection with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) are a major component of the pattern recognition receptor repertoire that detect invading microorganisms and direct the vertebrate immune system to eliminate infection. in chickens, the differential biology of salmonella serovars (systemic versus gut-restricted localization) correlates with the presence or absence of flagella, a known tlr5 agonist. chicken tlr5 (chtlr5) exhibits conserved sequence and structural similarity with mammalian tlr5 and is expressed in tissue ... | 2005 | 15784580 |
| multiple antimicrobial resistant salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi b variant java in cattle: a case report. | an epidemiological investigation of a calf rearing premises and a closely associated dairy herd was carried out after the isolation of salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi b variant java phage type 3b variant 2 from clinically diseased calves on the premises. the isolate was resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphonamides, tetracyclines, trimethoprim and cefoperazone. the organism was widespread on the calf unit and was also recovered from the dairy premises, mainly from g ... | 2005 | 15789647 |
| [salmonella choleraesuis c500 delivering dna immunization against classical swine fever virus]. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) e2 protein eukaryotic expression plasmid pvaxe2 was constructed. the plasmid pvaxe2 was transformed into salmonella choleraesuis c500 (s. c500) attenuated vaccine strain by electroporation to generate salmonella choleraesuis engineering strain s. c500/pvaxe2. the characterization of s. c500/pvaxe2 in morphology, growth, biochemistry and serology indicated that it retained the same properties as its original strain s. c500 with exception of kanamycin resistance ... | 2005 | 16468338 |
| [clostridium difficile toxin a and other enteropathogens in stool specimens of children hospitalized due to acute diarrhoea]. | a total of 74 fresh stool specimens obtained from children with acute diarrhoea (43) and without diarrhoea (31) were examined simultaneously for bacteria pathogens (culture methods) and for clostridium difficile toxin a (oxoid toxin a kits) and enteric viruses (only diarrhoeal samples) (slidex rota-adeno kits; biomçrieux). one (49%) or dual with c. difficile (23%) enteric pathogens associated with community-acquired diarrhoea (58% bacteria and 14% viruses) in 31 (72%) children were recognized. c ... | 2005 | 16433313 |
| postcholecystectomy surgical site infection by salmonella enterica var. weltevreden. | surgical site infections (ssi) are the most common complication of gastrointestinal surgery. the most common endogenous organisms encountered are the enteric pathogens. | 2005 | 16433609 |
| [influence of human gastrointestinal tract bacterial pathogens on host cell apoptosis]. | several pathogenic bacteria are able to trigger apoptosis in the host cell, but the mechanisms by which it occurs differ, and the resulting pathology can take different courses. induction and/or blockage of programmed cell death upon infection is a result of complex interaction of bacterial proteins with cellular proteins involved in signal transduction and apoptosis. in this review we focus on pro/anti-apoptotic activities exhibited by two enteric pathogens salmonella enterica, yersinia spp. an ... | 2005 | 16381171 |
| prevalence of salmonella enterica serovar typhi in bile and stool of patients with biliary diseases and those requiring biliary drainage for other purposes. | acute suppurative cholangitis is a serious complication of biliary obstructions due to infection. salmonella enterica serovar typhi is an important biliary pathogen. bile samples from 445 patients with biliary diseases as well as those requiring biliary drainage for other miscellaneous gastrointestinal diseases were investigated bacteriologically with special emphasis on salmonella. fecal samples or rectal swabs were also obtained from 402 of these patients. bactericholia was detected in 68.8% p ... | 2005 | 16377868 |
| antibacterial activity of polygodial. | polygodial was found to possess moderate antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria including bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacteria including escherichia coli and salmonella choleraesuis with minimum bactericidal concentrations (mbc) of 100 and 100 microg/ml (0.34 mm) and 100 and 50 microg/ml, respectively. the time kill curve study showed that polygodial was bactericidal against b. subtilis and s. choleraesuis. however, there was a difference in its bact ... | 2005 | 16372365 |
| eggshell characteristics and penetration by salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis through the production period of a layer flock. | 1. egg weight, shell thickness, number of pores, cuticle deposition and ability of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (se) to penetrate the shell were determined for eggs from one layer flock through the entire production period. 2. penetration was assessed by filling the eggs with a selective medium that allowed visualising salmonella growth on the inside of the shell and membrane complex. after inoculation of each shell with on average 2.59 log cfu, the eggs were stored for up to 20 d at ... | 2005 | 16428112 |
| effects of lactobacilli and lactose on salmonella typhimurium colonisation and microbial fermentation in the crop of the young turkey. | 1. three experiments were performed to examine the effects of lactobacilli and lactose on microbial fermentation and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium colonisation in the crop of the young turkey. 2. the following carboxylic acids were detected in the crop ingesta: formic, acetic, butyric, lactic, valeric, caproic, oxalic, phenyl acetic, succinic and fumaric; propionic, isobutyric and isovaleric acids were not detectable. 3. at the beginning of the night, there were considerable quantities ... | 2005 | 16428114 |
| evaluation of the lon-deficient salmonella strain as an oral vaccine candidate. | we evaluated the efficacy of cs2022 (the lon protease-deficient mutant strain of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium) as a candidate live oral vaccine strain against subsequent oral challenge with a virulent strain administered to balb/c and c57bl/6 mice. cs2022 persistently resided in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, peyer's patches, and cecum of both strains of mice after a single oral inoculation with 1 x 10(8) colony-forming units. finally, cs2022 almost disappeared from each tissue s ... | 2005 | 16365528 |
| characterization of escherichia coli and salmonella enterica from cattle feed ingredients. | the objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the frequency with which feed ingredients or mixed feeds in cattle feedlots were contaminated with escherichia coli and salmonella spp. and (2) to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of non-type-specific escherichia coli and salmonella spp. recovered from feed ingredients or mixed feeds. approximately 30 individual samples were collected from each of several feed commodities present on two cattle feedlots each month for 1 year. hal ... | 2005 | 16366856 |
| identification of an aada2 gene cassette from salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar derby. | during a study on salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar derby from slaughter-age pigs in brazil, two epidemiologically unrelated multi-resistant s. derby isolates were found to carry a class 1 integron with a single gene cassette. sequence analysis confirmed that this gene cassette harboured an aada2 gene. the aada2 gene codes for an aminoglycoside adenyltransferase, which mediates resistance to the aminoglycoside streptomycin and the aminocyclitol spectinomycin. although aada2 gene casset ... | 2005 | 16364021 |
| negative regulation of salmonella pathogenicity island 2 is required for contextual control of virulence during typhoid. | salmonella enterica relies on a type iii secretion system encoded in salmonella pathogenicity island-2 (spi-2) to survive and replicate within macrophages at systemic sites during typhoid. spi-2 virulence is induced upon entry into macrophages, but the mechanisms of spi-2 gene control in vivo remain unclear, particularly with regard to negative regulators that control the contextual activation of spi-2. here, we identified and characterized ydgt as a negative modulator of the spi-2 pathogenicity ... | 2005 | 16301528 |
| evidence for the requirement for cd40-cd154 interactions in resistance to infections with attenuated salmonella. | salmonella species include facultative intracellular pathogens which reside preferentially within cells of the host's reticulo-endothelial system. resistance to salmonella involves a collaboration between cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems, and protective immunity requires cell-mediated and humoral-immune responses. cd40-cd154 interactions are of central importance in the induction of cellular immune responses. in the present study, cd154-deficient (cd154(-/-)) mice were used to ass ... | 2005 | 16303097 |
| salmonella enterica serotypes isolated from imported frozen chicken meat in the canary islands. | to determine the prevalence of salmonella enterica serotypes in imported frozen chicken meat, 406 samples (whole chicken, legs, and breast meat) were analyzed for salmonella according to iso6579 rules, serotypes were assigned, and phage typing was conducted for salmonella serotypes enteritidis, typhimurium, and heidelberg. the overall frequency of salmonella isolation was 16.5%. by country of origin, the highest percentage of cases was found among the samples from france followed by samples from ... | 2005 | 16355846 |
| glycogen production by different salmonella enterica serotypes: contribution of functional glgc to virulence, intestinal colonization and environmental survival. | in enteric bacteria, the contribution of endogenous energy sources to survival both inside and outside the host is poorly understood. the contribution of glycogen production to the virulence, colonization and environmental survival of different salmonella enterica serotypes was assessed. of 19 serotypes (339 strains) tested for glycogen production, 17 (256 strains) were positive. the avian-specific serovars s. gallinarum (62 strains) and s. pullorum (21 strains) did not produce glycogen. the seq ... | 2005 | 16339941 |
| dimerization and dna binding of the salmonella enterica phop response regulator are phosphorylation independent. | in salmonella enterica, phop is the response regulator of the phop/phoq two-component regulatory system that controls the expression of various virulence factors in response to external mg2+. previous studies have shown that phosphorylation of a phop variant with a c-terminal his tag (phop(his)) enhances dimerization and binding to target dna. here, the effect of phosphorylation on the oligomerization and dna binding properties of both wild-type phop (phop) and phop(his) are compared. gel filtra ... | 2005 | 16339942 |
| a slow, tight-binding inhibitor of the zinc-dependent deacetylase lpxc of lipid a biosynthesis with antibiotic activity comparable to ciprofloxacin. | the zinc-dependent enzyme lpxc catalyzes the deacetylation of udp-3-o-acyl-glcnac, the first committed step of lipid a biosynthesis. lipid a is an essential component of the outer membranes of most gram-negative bacteria, including escherichia coli, salmonella enterica, and pseudomonas aeruginosa, making lpxc an attractive target for antibiotic design. the inhibition of lpxc by a novel n-aroyl-l-threonine hydroxamic acid (chir-090) from a recent patent application (international patent wo 2004/0 ... | 2005 | 16342948 |
| salmonella infections in the setting of aids: a serpentine course. | 2005 | 16351025 | |
| empyema thoracic from salmonella choleraesuis. | 2005 | 16673520 | |
| nationwide outbreak of salmonella enterica serotype agona infections in infants in france, linked to infant milk formula, investigations ongoing. | 2005 | 16702636 | |
| the virulence markers of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. different phage-type strains isolated in slovakia. | phage-typing determination of cell-surface hydrophobicity, motility, and serovar-specific virulence plasmid was performed in a collection of 154 clinical isolates of s. enterica serovar typhimurium (set) isolated in slovakia. all isolates were also examined in pcr for the presence of both stn (enterotoxin) and irob (siderophore) genes. the dt104 was the definitive phage type most frequently identified (37.7 %), the second most frequently isolated phage type was dt41 (5.8 %); the occurrence of ot ... | 2005 | 16681151 |
| an austrian outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 36 in 2004. | in june 2004, an egg packing station was epidemiologically incriminated as possibly distributing the vehicle of the salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. typhimurium definitive type (dt) u291 outbreak which began in september 2003 and--as of june 2004 affected more than 100 persons all over austria and 8 german tourists. a total of 68 egg producing farms were screened for salmonella. whereas all samples tested negative for s. typhimurium dt u291, one batch of laying hens was identified as bei ... | 2005 | 16395989 |
| molecular characterization of injr06, a class 1 integron located in a conjugative plasmid of salmonella enterica ser. typhimurium. | the presence of class 1, 2, and 3 integrons was investigated in four pediatric isolates of salmonella enterica ser. typhimurium (s. typhimurium). a class 1 integron was detected in one s. typhimurium strain, the only one that also showed resistance to various aminoglycoside antibiotics. this integron, called injr06, and the aminoglycoside resistance determinants were located in ps06, a large (> or = 55 kb) conjugative plasmid. a single mobile cassette (encoding the aminoglycoside adenylyltransfe ... | 2005 | 16562381 |
| ciprofloxacin-resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhi in a patient with osteomyelitis of the rib. | salmonella osteomyelitis of the rib is a rare clinical entity. in our case, a muhidrug resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhi was isolated from an immuno-competent patient with osteomyclitis of the ribs, who was treated earlier with ciprotloxacin for typhoid fever. the patient was successfully treated for osteomyclitis with intravenous ceftriaxone. | 2005 | 16515126 |
| antimicrobial-drug susceptibility of human and animal salmonella typhimurium, minnesota, 1997-2003. | we compared antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) subtypes of 1,028 human and 716 animal salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium isolates from minnesota from 1997 to 2003. overall, 29% of human isolates were multidrug resistant. predominant phenotypes included resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol or kanamycin, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole, and tetracycline (acssut or akssut). most human multidrug-resistant isolates belonged to pfge clonal group a, c ... | 2005 | 16485477 |
| resistant salmonella virchow in quail products. | 2005 | 16485503 | |
| high hydrostatic pressure treatment impairs acrab-tolc pump resulting in differential loss of deoxycholate tolerance in escherichia coli. | we reported previously that high hydrostatic pressure-injured stationary phase cells of escherichia coli k-12 lost their intrinsic deoxycholate tolerance. the acrab-tolc multi-drug resistance pump driven by proton motive force has been argued to be responsible for the tolerance to deoxycholate. in this report, we tested the sensitivity of the acrab-tolc (three components) pump to high hydrostatic pressure treatment (hpt). e. coli k-12 treated with hpt became sensitive to acrab-tolc-specific drug ... | 2005 | 16473769 |
| direct immunofluorescence assay for rapid environmental detection of vibrio cholerae o1. | an immunofluorescence assay for direct detection of v. cholerae o1 was developed using polyclonal antibodies raised against outer membrane proteins (omps) of v. cholerae o1. production of omps varied with growth media used; maximum production was found in tryptic soy broth. the detection system was specific because no cross-reactivity was observed with other bacteria including v. cholerae o139, e. coli, s. dysenteriae and salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhi. the technique was able ... | 2005 | 16475506 |
| a bacterial sensory system that activates resistance to innate immune defenses: potential targets for antimicrobial therapeutics. | bacteria posses multiple two component regulatory systems consisting typically of a kinase and a transcription factor that, in concert, monitor the concentrations of particular extracellular factors and regulate specific gene expression accordingly. salmonella possess phop-phoq, which are activated under conditions of suboptimal [mg(2+)] and result in gene expression leading to greater stability of the outer membrane. new research identifies phoq as a receptor for sublethal concentrations of ant ... | 2005 | 16394247 |
| antibiotic sensitivity profiles of salmonella organisms isolated from presumptive typhoid patients in zaria, northern nigeria. | a hundred and ten salmonella organisms (comprising 38 salm. typhi, 13 salm. paratyphi and 59 non-typhi salmonella spp.) isolated from blood of patients diagnosed of typhoid fever in zaria, northern, nigeria were evaluated for their in-vitro susceptibility to eighteen antibiotics. a high percentage of the salmonella spp. exhibited resistance to the various test antibiotics. while ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and the aminoglycosides exhibited the greatest in-vitro activity against the isolates (82.7 ... | 2005 | 16749332 |
| the evolution of a conjugative plasmid and its ability to increase bacterial fitness. | conjugative plasmids are extra-chromosomal dna elements that are capable of horizontal transmission and are found in many natural isolated bacteria. although plasmids may carry beneficial genes to their bacterial host, they may also cause a fitness cost. in this work, we studied the evolution of the r1 plasmid and we found that, in spite of the r1 plasmid conferring an initial cost to its host, after 420 generations the cost disappeared in all five independent evolution experiments. in fact, in ... | 2005 | 17148179 |
| surveillance system and rapid tracing of primary sources in food-borne outbreaks by salmonella spp. part ii: molecular characterisation of some strains of salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis and typhimurium. | salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis and typhimurium are the serotypes most frequently isolated from human cases. traditional surveillance systems, based on serological characterisation and epidemiology, are not able to identify these common strains that cause outbreaks in humans. innovative techniques are therefore necessary to accurately characterise these serotypes and hence accelerate the identification of the primary sources. within a larger study, the goal of which was to develop an ac ... | 2005 | 20437381 |
| development of pcr primers for the detection of salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis based on the flic gene. | salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis may cause swine salmonellosis and human infection. because the conventional method for detection of this salmonella serovar may take 3 to 5 days, a pcr method for detection was evaluated. by comparing the sequence of the phase 1 flagellin (flic) gene of salmonella choleraesuis with that of other salmonella serovars and of other bacteria species available in genbank, two pcr primers (flinc-f and flinc-r) were designed. using these primers, all 97 salmonell ... | 2005 | 21132962 |
| resting pigs on transport trailers as an intervention strategy to reduce salmonella enterica prevalence at slaughter. | recent research has shown that much preharvest salmonella enterica infection in pigs occurs immediately before slaughter during this rest period in the contaminated abattoir holding pens. the objective of this study was to evaluate a potential intervention strategy to reduce the prevalence of s. enterica-positive pigs at slaughter, which consisted of resting pigs prior to slaughter on their transport vehicle, instead of in the abattoir holding pen. additionally, the effect of transportation of p ... | 2005 | 21132985 |
| prevalence of salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes contamination in foods of animal origin in italy. | the present survey collected and analyzed the results of routine testing for salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes on foods of animal origin submitted for official controls in italy during 2001 to 2002. salmonella was detected in 2.2% of 71,643 food samples examined, and the isolation rates ranged from 9.9% for raw poultry meat to less than 0.1% for dairy products. isolation rates were also high in raw pork (4.9%) and processed meats (5.3%), which often involved pork. low rates were obs ... | 2005 | 21132987 |
| tricarboxylic acid cycle and glyoxylate bypass. | the tricarboxylic acid (tca) cycle plays two essential roles in metabolism. first, under aerobic conditions the cycle is responsible for the total oxidation of acetyl-coa that is derived mainly from the pyruvate produced by glycolysis. second, tca cycle intermediates are required in the biosynthesis of several amino acids. although the tca cycle has long been considered a "housekeeping" pathway in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica, the pathway is highly regulated at the transcriptional le ... | 2005 | 26443520 |
| imaging techniques for the study of escherichia coli and salmonella infections. | infectious diseases are among the leading causes of mortality worldwide, and numerous bacterial species are included in the vast array of causative agents. this review describes microscopy-based techniques that can be used to study interactions between bacteria and infected host cells, bacterial gene expression in the infected animal, and bacteria-induced cell signaling in eukaryotic cells. as infectious model systems, urinary tract infections caused by uropathogenic escherichia coli (upec) and ... | 2005 | 26443519 |
| hexose/pentose and hexitol/pentitol metabolism. | escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium exhibit a remarkable versatility in the usage of different sugars as the sole source of carbon and energy, reflecting their ability to make use of the digested meals of mammalia and of the ample offerings in the wild. degradation of sugars starts with their energy-dependent uptake through the cytoplasmic membrane and is carried on further by specific enzymes in the cytoplasm, destined finally for degradation in central metabolic pathwa ... | 2005 | 26443516 |
| two-carbon compounds and fatty acids as carbon sources. | this review concerns the uptake and degradation of those molecules that are wholly or largely converted to acetyl-coenzyme a (coa) in the first stage of metabolism in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica. these include acetate, acetoacetate, butyrate and longer fatty acids in wild type cells plus ethanol and some longer alcohols in certain mutant strains. entering metabolism as acetyl-coa has two important general consequences. first, generation of energy from acetyl-coa requires operation o ... | 2005 | 26443509 |
| transfer rna modification. | transfer rna (trna) from all organisms on this planet contains modified nucleosides, which are derivatives of the four major nucleosides. trna from escherichia coli/salmonella enterica contains 31 different modified nucleosides, which are all, except for one (queuosine[q]), synthesized on an oligonucleotide precursor, which through specific enzymes later matures into trna. the corresponding structural genes for these enzymes are found in mono- and polycistronic operons, the latter of which have ... | 2005 | 26443508 |
| catabolism of amino acids and related compounds. | this review considers the pathways for the degradation of amino acids and a few related compounds (agmatine, putrescine, ornithine, and aminobutyrate), along with their functions and regulation. nitrogen limitation and an acidic environment are two physiological cues that regulate expression of several amino acid catabolic genes. the review considers escherichia coli, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, and klebsiella species. the latter is included because the pathways in klebsiella specie ... | 2005 | 26443507 |
| glycerol and methylglyoxal metabolism. | the metabolic connection between glycerol and methylglyoxal (mg) is principally that dhap, which is an intermediate in the aerobic breakdown of glycerol, is also the major precursor of mg, being the substrate for methylglyoxal synthase (mgs). the synthesis of mg is a consequence of unbalanced metabolism related either to a limitation for phosphate or to excessive carbon flux through the pathways that have the capacity to generate significant pools of dhap. cells producing mg produce a poison as ... | 2005 | 26443506 |
| intracellular voyeurism: examining the modulation of host cell activities bysalmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | salmonella spp. can infect host cells by gaining entry through phagocytosis or by inducing host cell membrane ruffling that facilitates bacterial uptake. with its wide host range, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium has proven to be an important model organism for studying intracellular bacterial pathogenesis. upon entry into host cells, serovar typhimurium typically resides within a membrane-bound compartment termed the salmonella-containing vacuole (scv). from the scv, serovar typhimurium ... | 2005 | 26443522 |
| ammonia transport. | this review reviews the ammonium/methylammonium transport (amt) proteins of escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. the amt proteins and their homologs, the methylammonium/ammonium permease proteins of saccharomyces cerevisiae, constitute a distinct class of membrane-associated ammonia transporters. members of the amt family are found in archaea, bacteria, fungi, plants, and invertebrate animals. in e. coli and serovar typhimurium, the amt proteins are essential to maintain ... | 2004 | 26443371 |
| regulation of serine, glycine, and one-carbon biosynthesis. | the biosynthesis of serine, glycine, and one-carbon (c1) units constitutes a major metabolic pathway in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. c1 units derived from serine and glycine are used in the synthesis of purines, histidine, thymine, pantothenate, and methionine and in the formylation of the aminoacylated initiator fmet-trnafmet used to start translation in e. coli and serovar typhimurium. the need for serine, glycine, and c1 units in many cellular functions makes ... | 2004 | 26443363 |
| biosynthesis of arginine and polyamines. | early investigations on arginine biosynthesis brought to light basic features of metabolic regulation. the most significant advances of the last 10 to 15 years concern the arginine repressor, its structure and mode of action in both e. coli and salmonella typhimurium, the sequence analysis of all arg structural genes in e. coli and salmonella typhimurium, the resulting evolutionary inferences, and the dual regulation of the carab operon. this review provides an overall picture of the pathways, t ... | 2004 | 26443366 |
| molecular epidemiology of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis isolated in the slovak republic. | a total 44 isolates of s. enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) belonged to three different phage types (pts) 9a, 13a, 25 were analyzed by the technique of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). thirty and three strains were from two outbreaks (central and southern regions of the slovak republic pts 13a, 25) and 11 isolates were sporadic isolates (pt9a). these isolates showed two different patterns in pfge with xbai digestion. strains of pt13a generated pfp a and isolates of pt25 showe ... | 2004 | 15790080 |
| reactivity of typhoid patients sera with stress induced 55 kda phenotype in salmonella enterica serovar typhi. | salmonella faces a variety of stresses including acid and heat, in the natural environment whether in the gastrointestinal tract of mammalian host or in the external environment during transmission where survival and multiplication is a priority for the pathogen. in the present study, salmonella enterica serovar typhi was grown under acid (inorganic and organic) as well as heat stress and the outermembrane protein (omp) profiles were compared. a 55 kda omp was found to be expressed with high int ... | 2004 | 15663188 |
| animal-to-human transmission of salmonella typhimurium dt104a variant. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium was isolated from a pig, a calf, and a child on a farm in the netherlands. the isolates were indistinguishable by phenotyping and genotyping methods, which suggests nonfoodborne animal-to-animal and animal-to-human transmission. persons in close contact with farm animals should be aware of this risk. | 2004 | 15663868 |
| salmonella typhimurium outbreak associated with veterinary clinic. | a salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium outbreak was associated with a veterinary clinic. confirmed cases were in one cat, two veterinary technicians, four persons associated with clinic patients, and a nurse not linked to the clinic. this outbreak emphasizes the importance of strong public health ties to the animal health community. | 2004 | 15663875 |
| real-time pcr for quantitation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine circovirus type 2 in naturally-infected and challenged pigs. | real-time pcr assays were developed for quantitative detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2). the established real-time pcr for the quantitation of prrsv cdna and pcv2 dna were found to be in the 9-log(10) linear dynamic range with excellent linearity and reliable reproducibility. using these techniques, the distribution and quantitation of prrsv and pcv2 in naturally infected and challenged pigs were investigated. the viral c ... | 2004 | 15664045 |
| antimicrobial activity and chemical investigation of brazilian drosera. | the antimicrobial activity of three different extracts (hexanic, ethyl acetate, methanol) obtained from brazilian drosera species (d. communis, d. montana var. montana, d. brevifolia, d. villosa var. graomogolensis, d. villosa var. villosa, drosera sp. 1, and drosera sp. 2 ) were tested against staphylococcus aureus (atcc 25923), enterococcus faecium (atcc23212), pseudomonas aeruginosa (atcc27853), escherichia coli (atcc11229), salmonella choleraesuis (atcc10708), klebsiella pneumoniae (atcc1388 ... | 2004 | 15654434 |
| a new therapeutic challenge for old pathogens: community-acquired invasive infections caused by ceftriaxone- and ciprofloxacin-resistant salmonella enterica serotype choleraesuis. | recently, antimicrobial resistance among nontyphoid salmonella serotypes has been increasingly recognized. in southern taiwan, we encountered 3 cases of invasive infections caused by salmonella enterica serotype choleraesuis with resistance to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone. resistance to ciprofloxacin was related to nucleotide mutations in gyra and parc, and resistance to ceftriaxone was related to the presence of cmy-2 beta -lactamase. | 2004 | 15655754 |
| morphology of salmonella enterica serovar heidelberg typing phages. | eleven tailed phages are described. they belong to the myoviridae, siphoviridae, or podoviridae families and represent the vii, t1, t5, jersey, n4, and p22 species of enterobacterial phages. morphology is correlated with host range. | 2004 | 15644903 |
| ompd but not ompc is involved in adherence of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to human cells. | conflicting reports exist regarding the role of porins ompc and ompd in infections due to salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. this study investigated the role of these porins in bacterial adherence to human macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells. ompc and ompd mutant strains were created by transposon mutagenesis using p22-mediated transduction of tn10 and tn5 insertions, respectively, into wild-type strain 14028. fluorescein-labeled wild-type and mutant bacteria were incubated with ho ... | 2004 | 15644926 |
| prolactin modulates il-8 production induced by porins or lps through different signaling mechanisms. | prolactin (prl) induces cell proliferation and cell differentiation through the well-known mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks) and janus kinase (jak)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (stat) pathways, depending on the cell line. mapks play a central role in signaling transduction mechanisms that transmit mitogenic or differentiation signals from an activated receptor to the intracellular machinery. all of the cytokine receptors that activate the jak/stat pathway also activat ... | 2004 | 15568616 |
| blood invasiveness of salmonella enterica as a function of age and serotype. | we explored the dual influence of the patient's age and the infecting serotype on the blood invasiveness patterns of non-typhi salmonella enterica (nts). blood invasiveness ratio (bir) was calculated as the ratio between the number of blood and blood + stool isolates. analysis of 14,951 nts isolates showed that the bir increased drastically above the age of 60 years, reaching levels 3.5-7 times higher compared to age group < 2 years. different patterns of age-related invasiveness were observed f ... | 2004 | 15635958 |
| application of molecular genetic methods in diagnostics and epidemiology of food-borne bacterial pathogens. | salmonella enterica, campylobacter and yersinia species, shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec), listeria monocytogenes and clostridium perfringens are the bacterial pathogens constituting the greatest burden of food-borne disease in finland. several molecular genetic methods have been applied to diagnose, discriminate and survey these bacteria. pcr, pcr-rflp and pfge are the most widely and successfully used. however, these methods are unable to replace conventional and internationally s ... | 2004 | 15638843 |
| effects of microcin 24-producing escherichia coli on shedding and multiple-antimicrobial resistance of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium in pigs. | to investigate the effect of an escherichia that produced microcin 24 (mcc24) on shedding of of salmonella enterica serotypetyphimurium in swine and evaluate evidence of in vivo activation of the mcc24-mediated, multiple-antibiotic resistance (mar) operon. | 2004 | 15631023 |
| comparison of fluoroquinolone resistance genes of salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis isolates in japan and taiwan. | 2004 | 15623959 | |
| outbreaks of enteric infections caused by multiple pathogens associated with calves at a farm day camp. | transmission of enteric pathogens at venues where the public contacts farm animals is a growing problem, particularly among children. in 2000 and again in 2001, enteric illness outbreaks caused by multiple pathogens occurred at a farm day camp for children in minnesota. | 2004 | 15626945 |
| protection of laying hens against salmonella enteritidis by immunization with type 1 fimbriae. | eighteen chickens were immunized subcutaneously with purified type 1 fimbriae from salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis at 18 and 21 weeks of age. evidence of igg and iga responses was found in the eggs and in the sera of the immunized hens. three weeks later, immunized and non-immunized chickens (n=18) were challenged intravenously with 2x10(7) live salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis. there was no significant difference in the numbers of eggs laid by immunized and non-immunized birds. ... | 2004 | 15627520 |
| antibacterial effects of the cu(ii)-exchanged montmorillonite on escherichia coli k88 and salmonella choleraesuis. | the aim of this research was to determine the antibacterial properties and mechanisms of cu(ii)-exchanged montmorillonite (mmt-cu) in vitro. escherichia coli atcc k88 and salmonella choleraesuis atcc 50020 were chosen as indicators of intestinal tract pathogenic bacteria in weanling pigs. the antibacterial activity of mmt-cu and mmt were evaluated by determining the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) using two-fold serial dilutions in mh broth, and the amount of cu2+ released into the brot ... | 2004 | 15627522 |
| [first report of multidrug-resistant salmonella newport in japan]. | 2004 | 15628532 | |
| salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium hila-laczy fusion gene response to iron chelation or supplementation in rich and minimal media. | virulence expression of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium under iron limited condition was measured by beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) assay using a hila-laczy fusion strain and calculated as miller units. hila-laczy beta-galactosidase assays were performed in brain heart infusion (bhi) and minimal media (m9), after iron chelation with 2, 2-dipridyl and iron-supplementation respectively. before performing virulence assays, concentrations of iron in the media were estimated using ferrozine. i ... | 2004 | 15620092 |
| dissemination of lipid a deacylases (pagl) among gram-negative bacteria: identification of active-site histidine and serine residues. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) is one of the main constituents of the gram-negative bacterial outer membrane. it usually consists of a highly variable o-antigen, a less variable core oligosaccharide, and a highly conserved lipid moiety, designated lipid a. several bacteria are capable of modifying their lipid a architecture in response to external stimuli. the outer membrane-localized lipid a 3-o-deacylase, encoded by the pagl gene of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, removes the fatty acyl cha ... | 2004 | 15611102 |
| bile-induced dna damage in salmonella enterica. | in the absence of dna adenine methylase, growth of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is inhibited by bile. mutations in any of the muth, mutl, and muts genes suppress bile sensitivity in a dam(-) background, indicating that an active muthls system renders dam(-) mutants bile sensitive. however, inactivation of the muthls system does not cause bile sensitivity. an analogy with escherichia coli, in which the muthls system sensitizes dam(-) mutants to dna-injuring agents, suggested that bile ... | 2004 | 15611156 |
| isolation of mini-tn5km2 insertion mutants of salmonella enterica serovar oranienburg sensitive to nacl-induced osmotic stress. | we previously reported that the viability of salmonella oranienburg strains under nacl stress was variable and depended on the strain's origin; food strains were resistant and patient strains sensitive to nacl. therefore, we mutagenized a food strain with a mini-tn5km2 transposon. of 2,400 mutants screened, 15 nacl-sensitive mutants were isolated, and 7 genes associated with nacl-sensitivity were identified. the intact genes complemented their own food-strain mutants, but not patient-strain muta ... | 2004 | 15611616 |
| the dnak/dnaj chaperone machinery of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is essential for invasion of epithelial cells and survival within macrophages, leading to systemic infection. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, similar to various facultative intracellular pathogens, has been shown to respond to the hostile conditions inside macrophages of the host organism by inducing stress proteins, such as dnak. dnak forms a chaperone machinery with the cochaperones dnaj and grpe. to elucidate the role of the dnak chaperone machinery in the pathogenesis of s. enterica serovar typhimurium, we first constructed an insertional mutation in the dnak-dnaj operon of pathogenic strai ... | 2004 | 14977940 |
| faecal shedding and intestinal colonization of salmonella enterica in in-bred chickens: the effect of host-genetic background. | considerable and reproducible differences were observed in the amount and duration of faecal excretion when in-bred lines of chickens were infected orally with s. enterica serovar typhimurium at 6 weeks of age after being given a gut flora preparation when newly hatched. similar but less pronounced results were observed with s. enteritidis or s. infantis. differences in the viable numbers of the inoculated bacteria in caecal contents were detectable within 24 h of inoculation. no major differenc ... | 2004 | 14979597 |
| estimation of the salmonella enterica prevalence in finishing swine. | the study objective was to evaluate three methods of salmonella enterica prevalence estimation in swine herds (faecal culture, culture of abattoir-collected samples, and serum elisa). from each of six swine herds, we necropsied approximately 100 finishing pigs (> 70 kg); one-half on farm and the other half at the abattoir, after transport and approximately 2.5 h holding. we collected the same samples for s. enterica culture at both locations (1 g faecal, 10 g caecal contents, ileocaecal lymph no ... | 2004 | 14979598 |
| tetracycline and streptomycin resistance genes, transposons, and plasmids in salmonella enterica isolates from animals in italy. | fifty-eight multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica strains of 20 serotypes, isolated from animal sources in italy, were analyzed for tet(a) and stra-strb, conferring tetracycline and streptomycin resistance, respectively. the stra and strb genes were highly prevalent in salmonella strains of our collection, being detected in 84% of the streptomycin-resistant strains. in many strains, the stra and strb genes were linked to a particular tn5393-derivative transposon characterized by the presence o ... | 2004 | 14982782 |
| bacteriophage p22 tail accessory factor gp26 is a long triple-stranded coiled-coil. | p22 is a well characterized tailed bacteriophage that infects salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. it is characterized by a "short" tail, which is formed by five proteins: the dodecameric portal protein (gp1), three tail accessory factors (gp4, gp10, gp26), and six trimeric copies of the tail-spike protein (gp9). we have isolated the gene encoding tail accessory factor gp26, which is responsible for stabilization of viral dna within the mature phage, and using a variety of biochemical and bi ... | 2004 | 15591072 |
| dramatic shift in the epidemiology of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis phage types in western europe, 1998-2003--results from the enter-net international salmonella database. | salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis is the predominant salmonella serovar identified by the enter-net national reference laboratories in western europe. as it is the most commonly recognised serotype, it is important that phage typing is carried out so that outbreaks can be recognised and confirmed, and trends in infections identified. data from the enter-net salmonella database show that there has been a dramatic shift between phage types identified in europe from 1998-2003. in 1998, the p ... | 2004 | 15591691 |
| salmonella serotype typhimurium outbreak associated with commercially processed egg salad--oregon, 2003. | on september 24, 2003, oregon epidemiologists noted an increase in salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium isolates tested during september at the oregon state public health laboratories. of 16 isolates, six had matching pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) patterns. the laboratory findings prompted an investigation by oregon health services and cdc that identified 18 cases of infection with s. typhimurium linked to kits for making egg salad that were distributed by a vendor to a supermarket ... | 2004 | 15592173 |
| quantification of salmonella by 5'-nuclease real-time polymerase chain reaction targeted to fimc gene. | a new 5'-nuclease real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) system for the quantification of salmonella enterica was developed, with primers and the probe oriented to a salmonella-specific region of the fimc gene. the pcr system was specific and sensitive, its inclusivity was 100% (determined by the analysis of 53 strains of salmonella belonging to 38 serovars) and its exclusivity was 100% (determined by the analysis of 49 non-salmonella strains). for quantification purposes, calibration lines w ... | 2004 | 15592843 |
| salmonella enterica subspecies houtenae serotype 44:z4, z23:--as a rare cause of meningitis. | reptiles can carry and shed the bacterium salmonella without showing any signs of illness. transmission occurs by ingesting salmonella after handling a reptile or objects contaminated by a reptile. young children are especially vulnerable to salmonella infection and can experience serious complications. we describe a case of reptile-associated salmonella meningitis in a 2.5-month-old infant. | 2004 | 15597733 |
| in vitro characterization of irob, a pathogen-associated c-glycosyltransferase. | pathogenic strains of escherichia coli and salmonella enterica modify the tricatecholic siderophore enterobactin (ent) by glucosylation of three aryl carbon atoms, a process controlled by the iroa locus [hantke, k., nicholson, g., rabsch, w. & winkelmann, g. (2003) proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 100, 3677-3682]. here, we report the purification of the irob protein and its characterization as the ent c-glucosyltransferase. irob transfers glucosyl groups from uridine-5'-diphosphoglucose to c5 of one, ... | 2004 | 15598734 |
| slc11a1-mediated resistance to salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and leishmania donovani infections does not require functional inducible nitric oxide synthase or phagocyte oxidase activity. | solute carrier family 11a member 1 (slc11a1; formerly natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1) encodes a late endosomal/lysosomal protein/divalent cation transporter, which regulates iron homeostasis in macrophages. during macrophage activation, slc11a1 exerts pleiotropic effects on gene regulation and function, including generation of nitric oxide (no) via inducible no synthase (inos; encoded by nos2a) and of reactive oxygen intermediates (roi) via the phagocyte oxidase complex. as n ... | 2004 | 15601666 |
| phenotypic differences between salmonella and escherichia coli resulting from the disparate regulation of homologous genes. | phenotypic differences among closely related bacteria have been largely ascribed to species-specific genes, such as those residing in pathogenicity islands. however, we now report that the differential regulation of homologous genes is the mechanism responsible for the divergence of the enteric bacteria salmonella enterica and escherichia coli in their ability to make lps modifications mediating resistance to the antibiotic polymyxin b. in s. enterica serovar typhimurium, the pmra/pmrb two-compo ... | 2004 | 15569938 |
| antimicrobial activity of bac7 fragments against drug-resistant clinical isolates. | ten peptides from 13 to 35 residues in length and covering the whole sequence of the pro-rich peptide bac7 were synthesized to identify the domain responsible for its antimicrobial activity. at least 16 residues of the highly cationic n-terminal sequence were required to maintain the activity against gram-negative bacteria. the fragments bac7(1-35) and, to a lesser extent, bac7(1-16) proved active against a panel of antibiotic-resistant clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria, with the notab ... | 2004 | 15572192 |
| integron-mediated esbl resistance in rare serotypes of escherichia coli causing infections in an elderly population of israel. | to identify and characterize the aetiology of an outbreak of extra-intestinal multidrug-resistant escherichia coli infections in elderly patients in israel. | 2004 | 15574469 |
| hot spot for a large deletion in the 18- to 19-centisome region confers a multiple phenotype in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strain atcc 14028. | loss of the salmonella msbb enzyme, which catalyzes the incorporation of myristate destined for lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane, results in a strong phenotype of sensitivity to salt and chelators such as egta and greatly diminished endotoxic activity. msbb- salmonellae mutate extragenically to egta-tolerant derivatives at a frequency of 10(-4) per division. one of these derivatives arose from inactivation of soma, which suppresses sensitivity to salt and egta. here we show that a second ... | 2004 | 15576802 |
| the pmrf polymyxin-resistance operon of yersinia pseudotuberculosis is upregulated by the phop-phoq two-component system but not by pmra-pmrb, and is not required for virulence. | the yersinia pseudotuberculosis chromosome contains a seven-gene polycistronic unit (the pmrf operon) whose products share extensive homologies with their pmrf counterparts in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium), another gram-negative bacterial enteropathogen. this gene cluster is essential for addition of 4-aminoarabinose to the lipid moiety of lps, as demonstrated by maldi-tof mass spectrometry of lipid a from both wild-type and pmrf-mutated strains. as in s. typhimurium, ... | 2004 | 15583148 |
| wzx proteins involved in biosynthesis of o antigen function in association with the first sugar of the o-specific lipopolysaccharide subunit. | one of the most common pathways for the export of o-specific lipopolysaccharide (lps) across the plasma membrane requires the participation of the wzx protein. wzx belongs to a family of integral membrane proteins that share little conservation in their primary amino acid sequence, making it difficult to delineate functional domains. this paper reports the cloning and expression in escherichia coli k-12 of various wzx homologues from different bacteria as flag epitope-tagged protein fusions. a r ... | 2004 | 15583162 |
| variable number of tandem repeats in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica for typing purposes. | the genomic sequences of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains ct18, ty2 (serovar typhi), and lt2 (serovar typhimurium) were analyzed for potential variable number tandem repeats (vntrs). a multiple-locus vntr analysis (mlva) of 99 strains of s. enterica supsp. enterica based on 10 vntrs distinguished 52 genotypes and placed them into four groups. all strains tested were independent human isolates from france and did not reflect isolates from outbreak episodes. of these 10 vntrs, 7 showed ... | 2004 | 15583305 |
| emergence of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ctx-m-9)-producing multiresistant strains of salmonella enterica serotype virchow in poultry and humans in france. | during 2002 to 2003, eight salmonella enterica serotype virchow poultry and poultry product isolates from various sources (chicken farms, poultry slaughterhouse, or retail store) and one s. enterica rough strain isolated from human feces were found to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase ctx-m-9. poultry and poultry product isolates were recovered from different locations in the southwest of france. the human rough isolate had sequences of flagellin genes (flic and fljb) typical of serotype ... | 2004 | 15583311 |
| pathogenic effects of salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar typhimurium on sprouting and growth of maize. | the study was undertaken to understand effects and survival of s. enterica subspecies enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium), a zoonotic serovar, on maize seed germination and plant growth. all the four strains of s. enterica subspecies enterica serovar typhimurium significantly reduced germination of maize seeds in sprouting plates as well as in soil. about > or =2.7x10(3) salmonella cfu ml(-1) of soaking water, while > or =2.7x10(7) salmonella cfu g(-1) soil were required to significant ... | 2004 | 15587117 |
| respiratory hydrogen use by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is essential for virulence. | based on available annotated gene sequence information, the enteric pathogen salmonella, like other enteric bacteria, contains three putative membrane-associated h2-using hydrogenase enzymes. these enzymes split molecular h2, releasing low-potential electrons that are used to reduce quinone or heme-containing components of the respiratory chain. here we show that each of the three distinct membrane-associated hydrogenases of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is coupled to a respiratory pat ... | 2004 | 15501756 |
| in vivo compartmentalization of functionally distinct, rapidly responsive antigen-specific t-cell populations in dna-immunized or salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium-infected mice. | the location and functional properties of antigen-specific memory t-cell populations in lymphoid and nonlymphoid compartments following dna immunization or infection with salmonella were investigated. epitope-specific cd8+ -t-cell expansion and retention during the memory phase were analyzed for dna-immunized mice by use of a 5-h peptide restimulation assay. these data revealed that epitope-specific gamma interferon (ifn-gamma)-positive cd8+ t cells occur at higher frequencies in the spleen, liv ... | 2004 | 15501769 |
| combined vaccine regimen based on parenteral priming with a dna vaccine and administration of an oral booster consisting of a recombinant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine strain for immunization against infection with human-derived enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strains. | repeated evidence has demonstrated that combined primer-booster immunization regimens can improve both secreted and humoral immune responses to antigens derived from viral, bacterial, and parasitic pathogens. for the present work, we evaluated the synergic serum immunoglobulin g (igg) and fecal iga antibody responses elicited in balb/c mice who were intramuscularly primed with a dna vaccine, precfa, followed by oral boosting with an attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine (hg3 ... | 2004 | 15501779 |
| enhanced immunogenicity in the murine airway mucosa with an attenuated salmonella live vaccine expressing oprf-opri from pseudomonas aeruginosa. | we constructed an oral live vaccine based on the attenuated aroa mutant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strain sl3261 expressing outer membrane proteins f and i (oprf-opri) from pseudomonas aeruginosa and investigated it in a mouse model. strains with in vivo inducible protein expression with the ppacc promoter showed good infection rates and immunogenicity but failed to engender detectable antibodies in the lung. however, a systemic booster vaccination following an oral primary immuniza ... | 2004 | 15501786 |
| virulence regulators rfah and yaeq do not operate in the same pathway. | the expression of virulence factors such as hemolysin and lipopolysaccharides in proteobacteria is regulated by the transcription elongation factor rfah. rfah reduces pausing and termination at intergenic sites, and thus allows rna polymerase to conclude transcription of the distal genes in long virulence operons. the yaeq gene of salmonella enterica sv. typhimurium has been identified as a high-copy-number suppressor of the hemolytic defect in an rfah deletion strain, leading to speculation reg ... | 2004 | 15503145 |
| egg quality assurance programs and egg-associated salmonella enteritidis infections, united states. | a salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis epidemic in the united states began in 1978, spread to much of the country in the following decade, and began declining in 1996. we examined correlations between annual changes in s. enteritidis incidence in humans and introductions of egg quality assurance programs (eqaps) in some states to reduce s. enteritidis contamination of eggs. before eqaps, 62% of the changes in s. enteritidis incidence were higher than the baseline for each state. after eqaps, ... | 2004 | 15504264 |
| emergence of multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serovar typhi in korea. | a chloramphenicol-resistant strain of salmonella enterica serovar typhi was first noted in korea in 1992, when a resistant isolate was detected in a returned traveler. continued isolation of multidrug-resistant (mdr) strains thereafter in other settings prompted a retrospective analysis of laboratory records and phenotypic and genotypic analyses of 12 chloramphenicol-resistant isolates. among these, one isolate was resistant only to chloramphenicol, and the other isolates were also resistant to ... | 2004 | 15504831 |
| infections with nontyphoidal salmonella species producing tem-63 or a novel tem enzyme, tem-131, in south africa. | salmonella spp. producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) have been reported in many countries, but there is no information on their prevalence in africa. esbl-producing salmonella enterica serotype isangi and s. enterica serotype typhimurium strains have been noted in south africa since 2001. a total of 160 consecutive isolates of salmonella spp. were collected from 13 hospitals located in different cities in south africa over a 5-month period from december 2002 to april 2003. all str ... | 2004 | 15504851 |
| effectiveness of cleaners and sanitizers in killing salmonella newport in the gut of a free-living nematode, caenorhabditis elegans. | caenorhabditis elegans, a free-living nematode found in soil, has been shown to ingest human enteric pathogens, thereby potentially serving as a vector for preharvest contamination of fruits and vegetables. a study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of cleaners and sanitizers in killing salmonella enterica serotype newport in the gut of c. elegans. adult worms were fed nalidixic acid-adapted cells of escherichia coli op50 (control) or salmonella newport for 24 h, washed, placed on paper dis ... | 2004 | 15508623 |