Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| pulmonary eosinophilia is attenuated by early responding cd8(+) memory t cells in a murine model of rsv vaccine-enhanced disease. | vaccination with formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine results in enhanced respiratory tract inflammation and injury following subsequent rsv infection. rsv vaccine-enhanced disease can also be produced in mice by prior vaccination with a vaccinia virus vector containing the rsv g protein, followed by intranasal infectious rsv challenge, a process characterized by induction of a potent memory cd4(+) t-cell response to challenge infection with some features characteristic ... | 2009 | 19594395 |
| respiratory syncytial virus fusion inhibitors. part 7: structure-activity relationships associated with a series of isatin oximes that demonstrate antiviral activity in vivo. | a series of bezimidazole-isatin oximes were prepared and profiled as inhibitors of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) replication in cell culture. structure-activity relationship studies were directed toward optimization of antiviral activity, cell permeability and metabolic stability in human liver micorosomes (hlm). parallel combinatorial synthetic chemistry was employed to functionalize isatin oximes via o-alkylation which quickly identified a subset of small, lipophilic substituents that esta ... | 2009 | 19596574 |
| a whisper from the silent lung zone. | multiple breath inert gas washout (mbw) is now regarded as "an insightful, sound, and useful tool to explore the lung and its response to injury in all of its compartments". we describe the important finding of pronounced intra-acinar airways response to indirect challenge testing, detected using mbw but missed by spirometry, in an adolescent with evidence of airway inflammation, and a background of severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection as an infant. these tests were performed as pa ... | 2009 | 19598269 |
| the role of toll pathways in viral respiratory disease during early childhood. | virus-induced respiratory disease accounts for the majority of hospitalizations of young children during the winter months. the major viral causes of lower respiratory tract disease in infants and children are respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), rhinovirus, metapneumovirus (hmpv), parainfluenza virus 3 (piv-3), and influenza. the primary antiviral mechanism involves the activation of cytotoxic t cells and the clearance of virus-infected epithelial cells, and toll-like receptors that recognize mic ... | 2009 | 19601804 |
| respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and asthma - insights from recent studies and implications for therapy. | infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infection in infants. it is accompanied by a considerably disease burden and a hospitalisation rate of up to 3% in infected infants. besides, it is still a matter of intensive discussion whether severe rsv infection in early infancy causes the development of asthma later in live or whether rsv bronchiolitis just chronologically precedes asthma in children who are susceptible to asthma. the la ... | 2009 | 19601880 |
| predictive value of the respiratory syncytial virus risk-scoring tool in the term infant in canada. | palivizumab prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection has been widely adopted for high-risk infants during the rsv season, based on country-specific guidelines. | 2009 | 19604126 |
| mesenchymal stem cells over-expressing sdf-1 promote angiogenesis and improve heart function in experimental myocardial infarction in rats. | in addition to its multipotent capability, the mesenchymal stem cell (msc) can secrete and supply a large amount of vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf). the stromal-derived factor-1 alpha (sdf-1alpha) plays an important role in the homing of stem cells to the injured tissues of the heart. therefore, the mscs over-expressing sdf-1alpha could augment the angiogenesis pathway. | 2009 | 19524448 |
| [usefulness of different risk factor associations in predicting admissions due to respiratory syncytial virus in premature newborns of 32 to 35 weeks gestation in spain]. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the risk factor associations for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization in preterm infants from 32 to 35 weeks gestation, treated during two consecutive rsv seasons in spain. | 2009 | 19524492 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection alters surfactant protein a expression in human pulmonary epithelial cells by reducing translation efficiency. | infection of neonatal lung by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of respiratory dysfunction. lung alveolar type ii and bronchiolar epithelial (clara) cells secrete surfactant protein a (sp-a), a collectin that is an important component of the pulmonary innate immune system. sp-a binds to the virus, targeting the infectious agent for clearance by host defense mechanisms. we have previously shown that while the steady-state level of sp-a mrna increases approximately threefold afte ... | 2009 | 19525387 |
| application of rt-pcr for diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infections in bulgaria, 2006-7 and 2007-8. | we describe here the results of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) detection by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) during two consecutive seasons, from december 2006 to february 2007 and from october 2007 to march 2008, performed in the national laboratory of influenza and acute respiratory diseases, bulgaria. a total number of 278 nasopharyngeal samples obtained from hospitalised children up to the age of five years were investigated for these two seasons. during the first ... | 2009 | 19531340 |
| antigenic presentation of heterologous epitopes engineered into the outer surface-exposed helix 4 loop region of human papillomavirus l1 capsomeres. | human papillomavirus (hpv) l1 capsid proteins can self-assemble into pentamers (capsomeres) that are immunogenic and can elicit neutralizing antibodies. structural modelling of l1 inter-pentameric interactions predicts that helix 4 (h4) of each of the five l1 monomers project laterally and outwards from the pentamer. we sought to utilize hpv l1 capsomeres as a vaccine platform by engineering heterologous epitopes within l1 derivatives deleted for h4 domain. | 2009 | 19538743 |
| risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisation in children with heart disease. | to assess the risk and risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalisation and determinants of the severity of rsv disease in children with heart disease. | 2009 | 19541682 |
| comparison of conventional and molecular detection of respiratory viruses in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. | sensitive detection of respiratory viruses is important for early diagnosis of infection in patients following hematopoietic cell transplantation (hct). to evaluate the relative sensitivity of respiratory virus detection in specimens from hct recipients, we compared the results of conventional and quantitative molecular methods. | 2009 | 19453994 |
| prevalence of human respiratory viruses in adults with acute respiratory tract infections in beijing, 2005-2007. | to determine the aetiological role and epidemiological profile of common respiratory viruses in adults with acute respiratory tract infections (artis), a 2-year study was conducted in beijing, china, from may 2005 to july 2007. nose and throat swab samples from 5808 arti patients were analysed by pcr methods for common respiratory viruses, including influenza viruses (ifvs) a, b, and c, parainfluenza viruses (pivs) 1-4, enteroviruses (evs), human rhinoviruses (hrvs), respiratory syncytial virus ... | 2009 | 19456830 |
| identification of gene biomarkers for respiratory syncytial virus infection in a bronchial epithelial cell line. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection involves complex virus-host interplay. in this study, we analyzed gene expression in rsv-infected beas-2b cells to discover novel signaling pathways and biomarkers. we hybridized rnas from rsv- or vehicle-treated beas-2b to affymetrix hu133 plus 2.0 microarrays (n = 4). at 4 and 24 h post-infection, 277 and 900 genes (rsv/control ratio >/=2.0 or </=0.5), and 1 and 12 pathways respectively were significantly altered. twenty-three and 92 genes at 4 and 2 ... | 2009 | 19459069 |
| comparison of the cost of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus disease versus palivizumab prophylaxis in canadian inuit infants. | the objectives were to compare actual respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization rates and costs in a cohort of inuit infants to hypothetical palivizumab prophylaxis strategies for infants of all gestational ages in the eastern canadian arctic. | 2009 | 19461555 |
| risk-scoring tool for respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis in premature infants born at 33-35 completed weeks' gestational age in canada. | to study the impact of the risk-scoring tool (rst) as a strategy for targeting prophylaxis effectively in 33-35-week gestational age (ga) canadian infants who range from low to high risk by evaluating the subsequent incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections resulting in emergency room (er) visits and hospitalization. | 2009 | 19469698 |
| [relationship of levels of cd4(+)cd25(+) regulatory t cells and expression of foxp3 mrna in peripheral blood with serum immunoglobulin e level in children with bronchiolitis]. | to study the roles of cd4(+)cd25(+) regulatory t cells and foxp3 mrna in peripheral blood as well as serum total immunoglobulin e (ige) in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 2009 | 19470254 |
| cytokine responses in cord blood predict the severity of later respiratory syncytial virus infection. | it has been claimed that an early respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection can induce asthma and recurrent wheezing. | 2009 | 19482350 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis among preterm infants--four seasons' experience]. | respiratory syncitial virus (rsv) is the main reason of hospitalizations due to respiratory tract infection in children within the first year of life. the course of infection is more severe in children from a risk group, which includes children who were born preterm, these with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd), children with heart defects significantly influencing their hemodynamics, and immunocompromised children. palivizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody class igg-1 used to prevent rsv in ... | 2009 | 19485253 |
| cost-utility analysis of palivizumab in italy: results from a simulation model in the prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus infection (rsv) among high-risk preterm infants. | abstract: | 2009 | 19490659 |
| epidemiological assessment of respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalized infants, during the season 2005-2006 in palermo, italy. | abstract: | 2009 | 19490666 |
| surveillance for healthcare-acquired febrile respiratory infection in pediatric hospitals participating in the canadian nosocomial infection surveillance program. | to determine the rates of healthcare-acquired febrile respiratory infection (ha-fri) in canadian pediatric hospitals and to determine the vaccination status of patients with healthcare-acquired respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, influenza, or pneumococcal infection who were also eligible for immunoprophylaxis. | 2009 | 19496653 |
| neutrophil tlr4 expression is reduced in the airways of infants with severe bronchiolitis. | in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis, neutrophils account for >80% of cells recovered from the airways in bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid. this study investigated neutrophil activation and toll-like receptor (tlr) expression in the blood and lungs of infants with severe rsv bronchiolitis. | 2009 | 19497921 |
| identification of glycosylated sites in rapana hemocyanin by mass spectrometry and gene sequence, and their antiviral effect. | molluscan hemocyanins (hcs) have recently received particular interest due to their significant immunostimulatory properties. this is mainly related to their high carbohydrate content and specific monosaccharide composition. we have now analyzed the oligosaccharides and the carbohydrate linkage sites of the rapana venosa hemocyanin (rvh) using different approaches. we analyzed a number of glycopeptides by lc/esi-ms/ms and identified the sugar chains and peptide sequences of 12 glycopeptides. add ... | 2009 | 19499947 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-induced dysregulation of expression of a mucosal beta-defensin augments colonization of the upper airway by non-typeable haemophilus influenzae. | otitis media (om) is a polymicrobial disease wherein upper respiratory tract viruses compromise host airway defences, which allows bacterial flora of the nasopharynx (np) access to the middle ear. we have shown, in vitro, that respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a viral co-pathogen of om, reduces transcript abundance of the antimicrobial peptide (ap), chinchilla beta-defensin-1 (cbd-1). here, we demonstrated that chinchillas inoculated with rsv expressed approximately 40% less cbd-1 mrna and prot ... | 2009 | 19500108 |
| rapid detection of respiratory picornaviruses in nasopharyngeal aspirates by immunofluorescence assay. | respiratory picornaviruses (enteroviruses and rhinoviruses) are commonly cited as causes of self-limited upper respiratory tract infection. however, it has recently been suggested that they may cause more severe respiratory disease. immunofluorescence (if) assays are rapid and inexpensive and are often used for the detection of respiratory viruses. | 2009 | 19502108 |
| simultaneous detection of respiratory viruses in children with acute respiratory infection using two different multiplex reverse transcription-pcr assays. | a 4-tube multiplex rt-pcr (mrt-pcr), which showed higher sensitivity over conventional methods, was previously developed for the diagnosis of 14 viral pathogens of the respiratory tract. herein the mrt-pcr was compared to the commercial luminex mpcr-microsphere flow cytometry assay (resplex ii) which allows the detection of 12 different viruses. eleven different viruses were identified in 91 nasopharyngeal swabs of children with acute respiratory infection, influenza a (iav) and b, respiratory s ... | 2009 | 19638288 |
| rapid semiautomated subtyping of influenza virus species during the 2009 swine origin influenza a h1n1 virus epidemic in milwaukee, wisconsin. | in the spring of 2009, a novel influenza a (h1n1) virus (swine origin influenza virus [s-oiv]) emerged and began causing a large outbreak of illness in milwaukee, wi. our group at the midwest respiratory virus program laboratory developed a semiautomated real-time multiplex reverse transcription-pcr assay (seasonal), employing the nuclisens easymag system (biomérieux, durham, nc) and a raider thermocycler (handylab inc., ann arbor, mi), that typed influenza a virus, influenza b virus, and respir ... | 2009 | 19641066 |
| [practical pediatric aspects of palivizumab]. | palivizumab (synagis) is a monoclonal antibody directed against the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), for reducing mortality and morbidity in infants at risk of cardio-respiratory impairement due to bronchiolitis: 1. prematurity less than 28 weeks and less than 1 year of age; 2. between 28 and 32 weeks plus mechanical ventilation and less than 6 months of age; 3. chronic lung deficiency and less than 2 years of age; 4. congenital cardiopathy with either desaturation, pulmonary hypertension or c ... | 2009 | 19642467 |
| [study on the inhibitory effect of reduqing oral liquid on respiratory syncytial virus in vitro]. | to explore the antiviral effect of reduqing oral liquid on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 2009 | 19645247 |
| codon stabilization analysis of the "248" temperature sensitive mutation for increased phenotypic stability of respiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidates. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important viral agent of serious pediatric respiratory tract illness worldwide. presently, the most promising vaccine candidate is a live, attenuated, cdna-derived virus, rsv ra2cp248/404/1030deltash, whose attenuation phenotype is based in large part on a series of point mutations including a glutamine to leucine (q to l) substitution at amino acid residue 831 of the polymerase protein l, a mutation originally called "248". this mutation speci ... | 2009 | 19646406 |
| incidence of apnea in infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: a systematic review. | to determine the incidence of apnea in infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis and identify relevant risk factors from the available literature. | 2009 | 19647839 |
| ngf is an essential survival factor for bronchial epithelial cells during respiratory syncytial virus infection. | overall expression of neurotrophins in the respiratory tract is upregulated in infants infected by the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), but it is unclear where (structural vs. inflammatory cells, upper vs. lower airways) and why, these changes occur. we analyzed systematically the expression of neurotrophic factors and receptors following rsv infection of human nasal, tracheal, and bronchial epithelial cells, and tested the hypothesis that neurotrophins work as innate survival factors for infe ... | 2009 | 19649262 |
| [viral pathogens of acute respiratory infection in hospitalized children from suzhou]. | to investigate the viral pathogens of acute respiratory infection (ari) in hospitalized children from suzhou of china. | 2009 | 19650982 |
| evaluation of the cepheid respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus a/b real-time pcr analyte specific reagent. | two rapid real-time rt-pcr assays, specific for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza a and b, were evaluated for the detection of these viruses in clinical respiratory samples. the rsv assay was applied to 100 samples and the influenza a and b assay applied to 96 samples all of which had been tested previously by an "in-house" multiplex real-time pcr assay. forty-three samples were negative for rsv by both methods and 56 samples were positive by both methods. one sample was negative b ... | 2009 | 19651159 |
| a dose-ranging study of a subunit respiratory syncytial virus subtype a vaccine with and without aluminum phosphate adjuvantation in adults > or =65 years of age. | we studied the safety and immunogenicity of a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-a vaccine containing subunit antigens f, g and m in older persons, and its effect on influenza vaccine immunogenicity. in a dose-ranging, placebo-controlled, blinded trial 561 adults > or =65 years of age at five canadian sites were randomized to one intramuscular injection of either 100, 50 or 25 microg rsv-a-alum vaccine or 100 microg non-adjuvanted rsv-a vaccine, or alum-placebo. all participants were offered inac ... | 2009 | 19651171 |
| preventing rsv bronchiolitis in vulnerable infants: the role of palivizumab. | as the vast majority of infants tolerate infection with the respiratory syncytial virus [rsv] well and can be managed in the home, most should not be considered for rsv prophylaxis with palivizumab. however, there exists a subset of vulnerable infants in whom the consequences of rsv infection are greater, with an increased likelihood of intensive care admission and mechanical ventilation. these include children born extremely preterm with chronic neonatal lung disease and infants with haemodynam ... | 2009 | 19651385 |
| severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in infants with neuromuscular diseases and immune deficiency syndromes. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) in infants and children. there is growing evidence of severe rsv disease in infants with neuromuscular diseases and immune deficiency syndromes. factors predisposing to a more severe course of rsv disease in neuromuscular diseases include the impaired ability to clear secretions from the airways due to ineffective cough, respiratory muscle weakness, high prevalence of gastro-oesophageal reflux and ... | 2009 | 19651386 |
| understanding respiratory syncytial virus(rsv) in infancy at the sixth global experts' meeting (gem). introduction. | 2009 | 19651388 | |
| the year in review. | over the last year there have been more studies determining predisposition to severe bronchiolitis and its consequences. studies have highlighted various single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) to be significantly associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalisation, and a candidate gene approach demonstrated that innate immune gene snps had the strongest association with bronchiolitis. the impact of 'other' viruses (rsv, influenza, adenovirus, parainfluenza, rhinovirus, human metapn ... | 2009 | 19651389 |
| the relationship of meteorological conditions to the epidemic activity of respiratory syncytial virus. | our aim was to obtain knowledge of how meteorological conditions affect community epidemics of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. we recorded year-round rsv activity in nine cities that differ markedly in geographic location and climate. we correlated local weather conditions with weekly or monthly rsv cases, and reviewed similar reports from other areas varying in climate. community activity of rsv is substantial when both ambient temperatures and absolute humidity are very high, perh ... | 2009 | 19651390 |
| nosocomial rsv infection control and outbreak management. | the incidence of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in different areas of the world is not well known. however, it is clear that rsv infection of hospitalized infants with congenital heart disease or following preterm birth is highly relevant. nosocomial rsv infection in these high-risk group infants often follows a severe course of disease, even resulting in mortality. transmission of rsv mainly occurs through direct contact, but not through inhalation. consequently, prevent ... | 2009 | 19651394 |
| diagnosis, admission, discharge. | the respiratory syncytial virus should be considered as the most likely pathogen in an infant or young child with a significant acute lower respiratory tract infection during the characteristic epidemic season. while the diagnosis of an rsv infection is relatively straight forward, the clinical diagnosis applied to the associate illness is far less clear cut. criteria for assessment is based on clinical assessment of severity at examination and associated risk factors. social factors may further ... | 2009 | 19651395 |
| special populations. | bronchiolitis is a leading cause of hospitalisation in infancy, with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) being the most common pathogen. younger age, especially infants younger than 3 months of age, environmental factors and genetic susceptibility, are associated with increased risk of hospitalisation. most importantly, conditions such as prematurity, in particular if associated with chronic lung disease, congenital heart disease, lung disease such as cystic fibrosis, neuromuscular disease or impa ... | 2009 | 19651396 |
| evolution of prophylaxis: moab, sirna, vaccine, and small molecules. | despite the considerable impact that respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections have in the health of children and adults, the development of therapeutic interventions has been remarkably slow. in the 1980s, advances in the characterisation of neutralising antibodies against rsv led to the development and clinical application of a polyclonal immunoglobulin preparation with high titres of neutralising antibodies against rsv (rsv ivig). the next step was the development of neutralising monoclona ... | 2009 | 19651397 |
| role of ventilation in rsv disease: cpap, ventilation, hfo, ecmo. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract disease may present as bronchiolitis, an obstructive lung disease with hyperinflation, or pneumonitis, a restrictive parenchymal disease with diffuse consolidation, a large intrapulmonary shunt and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards). although a significant proportion of those admitted to hospital will require some form of respiratory support, there have been few randomised studies to determine which is the most beneficial. studies ... | 2009 | 19651398 |
| long-term airway morbidity following viral lrti in early infancy: recurrent wheezing or asthma? | episodes of lower respiratory illnesses (lris) in the first years of life have been associated with recurrent wheeze in studies of high-risk and community-based cohorts. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an agent especially associated with severe cases of bronchiolitis affecting young infants in winter months and has a typical seasonal pattern. data from the children's respiratory study from arizona and a hospital-based swedish study have been interpreted as evidence that severe rsv bronchiol ... | 2009 | 19651399 |
| pneumoviruses infect eosinophils and elicit myd88-dependent release of chemoattractant cytokines and interleukin-6. | eosinophils are recruited to the lung in response to infection with pneumovirus pathogens and have been associated with both the pathophysiologic sequelae of infection and, more recently, with accelerated virus clearance. here, we demonstrate that the pneumovirus pathogens, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and pneumonia virus of mice (pvm), can infect human and mouse eosinophils, respectively, and that virus infection of eosinophils elicits the release of disease-related proinflammatory mediato ... | 2009 | 19652202 |
| respiratory syncytial virus grown in vero cells contains a truncated attachment protein that alters its infectivity and dependence on glycosaminoglycans. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) contains a heavily glycosylated 90-kda attachment glycoprotein (g). infection of hep-2 and vero cells in culture depends largely on virion g protein binding to cell surface glycosaminoglycans (gags). this gag-dependent phenotype has been described for rsv grown in hep-2 cells, but we have found that it is greatly reduced by a single passage in vero cells. virions produced from vero cells primarily display a 55-kda g glycoprotein. this smaller g protein rep ... | 2009 | 19656891 |
| human respiratory syncytial virus a2 strain replicates and induces innate immune responses by respiratory epithelia of neonatal lambs. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a pneumovirus that causes significant respiratory disease in premature and full-term infants. it was our hypothesis that a common strain of rsv, strain a2, would infect, cause pulmonary pathology, and alter respiratory epithelial innate immune responses in neonatal lambs similarly to rsv infection in human neonates. newborn lambs between 2 and 3 days of age were inoculated intrabronchially with rsv strain a2. the lambs were sacrificed at days 3, 6, and ... | 2009 | 19659901 |
| are meteorological parameters associated with acute respiratory tract infections? | information on the onset of epidemics of acute respiratory tract infections (aris) is useful in timing preventive strategies (eg, the passive immunization of high-risk infants against respiratory syncytial virus [rsv]). aiming at better predictions of the seasonal activity of ari pathogens, we investigated the influence of climate on hospitalizations for aris. | 2009 | 19663691 |
| importance of viral and bacterial infections in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations. | few studies have evaluated the contribution of both viruses and bacteria in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd). | 2009 | 19665425 |
| [effect of ribavirin upon secretion of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in respiratory syncytial virus-induced asthma exacerbation of mice]. | to investigate the role of ribavirin (rib) in treating respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced asthma exacerbation of mice. | 2009 | 19671341 |
| [infections with respiratory syncytial virus. underestimated risk during anaesthesia in infants]. | infections with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are responsible for a large proportion of seasonal winter airway diseases. after an infection with rsv no persistent immunity remains. adults show no or only a few symptoms similar to the common cold. however, in preterm and newborn children rsv infections lead to severe and even life-threatening bronchiolitis. these children require supplementary oxygen and often need respiratory support. the infection with rsv considerably enhances the risk of ... | 2009 | 19672564 |
| viral etiology of acute respiratory infections among iranian hajj pilgrims, 2006. | every year more than 2 million pilgrims from different countries in the world including iran participate in the annual hajj in saudi arabia. respiratory diseases have been the most common cause of illnesses among iranian pilgrims. | 2009 | 19674262 |
| clinical characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus infection-associated acute otitis media. | it is known that children with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection frequently have complications of acute otitis media (aom). | 2009 | 19674360 |
| estimating sensitivity of laboratory testing for influenza in canada through modelling. | the weekly proportion of laboratory tests that are positive for influenza is used in public health surveillance systems to identify periods of influenza activity. we aimed to estimate the sensitivity of influenza testing in canada based on results of a national respiratory virus surveillance system. | 2009 | 19688094 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prevention and treatment: past, present, and future. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a very important pathogen worldwide. it occurs and recurs naturally throughout life. both short and long term morbidity, and mortality are particularly significant for infants, especially those infants with underlying conditions and risk factors. current treatment strategies for these patients (e.g ribavirin) are limited but several new interventions (e.g. rsv604, bta9881, aln-rsv01) are under investigation. several preventive agents and strategies have been ... | 2009 | 19689261 |
| ectopic catalase expression in mitochondria by adeno-associated virus enhances exercise performance in mice. | oxidative stress is thought to compromise muscle contractility. however, administration of generic antioxidants has failed to convincingly improve performance during exhaustive exercise. one possible explanation may relate to the inability of the supplemented antioxidants to effectively eliminate excessive free radicals at the site of generation. here, we tested whether delivering catalase to the mitochondria, a site of free radical production in contracting muscle, could improve treadmill perfo ... | 2009 | 19690612 |
| simultaneous detection of human bocavirus and adenovirus by multiplex real-time pcr in a belgian paediatric population. | since the discovery of human bocavirus (hbov), the virus has been detected worldwide in respiratory tract samples from young children by various polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays and real-time pcrs (q-pcr). until now, no data have been reported on the presence of hbov in belgium and the detection of hbov in a multiplex q-pcr setting has not been described. the aim of this study was to develop a fast and reliable multiplex q-pcr for the simultaneous detection of hbov dna and adenovirus (adv) ... | 2009 | 19705175 |
| infant exposure to fine particulate matter and traffic and risk of hospitalization for rsv bronchiolitis in a region with lower ambient air pollution. | few studies investigate the impact of air pollution on the leading cause of infant morbidity, acute bronchiolitis. we investigated the influence of pm(2.5) and other metrics of traffic-derived air pollution exposure using a matched case-control dataset derived from 1997 to 2003 birth and infant hospitalization records from the puget sound region, washington state. mean daily pm(2.5) exposure for 7, 30, 60 and lifetime days before case bronchiolitis hospitalization date were derived from communit ... | 2009 | 19211100 |
| a chimeric a2 strain of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) with the fusion protein of rsv strain line 19 exhibits enhanced viral load, mucus, and airway dysfunction. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of respiratory failure and viral death in infants. abundant airway mucus contributes to airway obstruction in rsv disease. interleukin-13 (il-13) is a mediator of pulmonary mucus secretion. it has been shown that infection of balb/c mice with the rsv line 19 strain but not with the rsv a2 laboratory strain results in lung il-13 and mucus expression. here, we sequenced the rsv line 19 genome and compared it to the commonly used a2 and long st ... | 2009 | 19211758 |
| school age outcome of hospitalisation with respiratory syncytial virus infection of prematurely born infants. | hospitalisation due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in the first 2 years after birth has been associated with increased healthcare utilisation and associated costs up to 5 years of age in children born prematurely at less than 32 weeks of gestation who developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd). a study was undertaken to determine whether hospitalisation due to rsv infection in the first 2 years was associated with increased morbidity and lung function abnormalities in such childr ... | 2009 | 19213770 |
| micronutrient concentrations in respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in yemeni children. | acute respiratory infections (ari) cause significant childhood mortality. nutritional homeostasis, particularly micronutrient levels, is important in modulating response to infection. more information is required regarding micronutrient levels in ari viral infections, especially newly identified viruses such as human metapneumovirus (hmpv). | 2009 | 19222932 |
| foreign glycoproteins can be actively recruited to virus assembly sites during pseudotyping. | retroviruses like human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), as well as many other enveloped viruses, can efficiently produce infectious virus in the absence of their own surface glycoprotein if a suitable glycoprotein from a foreign virus is expressed in the same cell. this process of complementation, known as pseudotyping, often can occur even when the glycoprotein is from an unrelated virus. although pseudotyping is widely used for engineering chimeric viruses, it has remained unknown wheth ... | 2009 | 19224995 |
| recognizing the importance of respiratory syncytial virus in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) are responsible for a large proportion of the health care dollar expenditure, morbidity, and mortality related to copd. respiratory infections are the most common cause of acute exacerbations, but recent evidence indicates that the importance of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in copd is under-appreciated. improved detection of rsv using techniques based on the polymerase chain reaction accounts for much of the incre ... | 2009 | 19229710 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: from primary care to critical care. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common disease in pediatrics. certain subpopulations of children are at greatest risk for serious disease. however, previously healthy children also may become critically ill. in the clinic or the intensive care unit, children with rsv pose the challenge of how to treat a disease when evidence to support therapeutic options is severely limited. prophylaxis is an option for certain children, although many do not qualify. rsv has been implicated in continued ... | 2009 | 19232926 |
| intranasal immunization with a replication-deficient adenoviral vector expressing the fusion glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus elicits protective immunity in balb/c mice. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a serious pediatric pathogen of the lower respiratory tract worldwide. there is currently no clinically approved vaccine against rsv infection. recently, it has been shown that a replication-deficient first generation adenoviral vector (fgad), which encodes modified rsv attachment glycoprotein (g), elicits long-term protective immunity against rsv infection in mice. the major problem in developing such a vaccine is that g protein lacks mhc-i-restricted ... | 2009 | 19233131 |
| murine host responses to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) following intranasal administration of a protollin-adjuvanted, epitope-enhanced recombinant g protein vaccine. | immunization of mice with the g protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) characteristically induces an immune response that is partially protective, but which can prime for pulmonary eosinophilia. we have shown previously that the n191a mutation in a recombinant rsv g protein fragment is associated with reduced pulmonary eosinophilic infiltration when administered with alum subcutaneously in balb/c mice followed by rsv challenge. we hypothesize that the performance of this "epitope enhanced" ... | 2009 | 19233722 |
| fas ligand is required for the development of respiratory syncytial virus vaccine-enhanced disease. | children immunized with a formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine experienced enhanced disease and exhibited pulmonary eosinophilia upon natural rsv infection. balb/c mice immunized with either formalin-inactivated rsv or a recombinant vaccinia virus (vacv) expressing the rsv attachment (g) protein develop extensive pulmonary eosinophilia after rsv challenge that mimics the eosinophilic response observed in the children during the 1960s vaccine trials. fas ligand (fasl) is ... | 2009 | 19234198 |
| subversion of pulmonary dendritic cell function by paramyxovirus infections. | lower respiratory tract infections caused by the paramyxoviruses human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are characterized by short-lasting virus-specific immunity and often long-term airway morbidity, both of which may be the result of alterations in the ag-presenting function of the lung which follow these infections. in this study, we investigated whether hmpv and rsv experimental infections alter the phenotype and function of dendritic cell (dc) subsets that are re ... | 2009 | 19234204 |
| epidemiological and clinical study of viral respiratory tract infections in children from italy. | impact of recently discovered viruses on epidemiology of acute respiratory tract infections (arti) is still unclear. we studied the impact of recently discovered human metapneumovirus (hmpv), human bocavirus (hbov), and new coronaviruses (hcov-nl63 and hku1) on the global epidemiology of arti. from october 2006 to april 2007, 237 pediatric patients affected by arti were enrolled in our study. specimens were tested for respiratory viruses by polymerase chain reaction. one hundred twenty-four out ... | 2009 | 19235872 |
| human metapneumovirus infections--biannual epidemics and clinical findings in children in the region of basel, switzerland. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) epidemics vary in time and severity. we report findings for pcr for hmpv and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) performed on nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) of hospitalized and outpatient children with respiratory tract infections between october 2004 and april 2008. a total of 3,934 npas were tested for hmpv and 3,859 for rsv. of these, 198 (5%) were hmpv positive and 869 (23%) were rsv-positive. median age was 17 months and 9 months for hmpv and rsv, respectively. fi ... | 2009 | 19238433 |
| in very young infants severity of acute bronchiolitis depends on carried viruses. | rt amplification reaction has revealed that various single viruses or viral co-infections caused acute bronchiolitis in infants, and rv appeared to have a growing involvement in early respiratory diseases. because remaining controversial, the objective was to determine prospectively the respective role of rsv, rv, hmpv and co-infections on the severity of acute bronchiolitis in very young infants. | 2009 | 19240806 |
| characterization and subcellular localization of an rna silencing suppressor encoded by rice stripe tenuivirus. | rice stripe virus (rsv) is a single-stranded (ss) rna virus belonging to the genus tenuivirus. rsv is present in many east asian countries and causes severe diseases in rice fields, especially in china. in this study, we analyzed six proteins encoded by the virus for their abilities to suppress rna silencing in plant using a green fluorescent protein (gfp)-based transient expression assay. our results indicate that ns3 encoded by rsv rna3, but not other five rsv encoded proteins, can strongly su ... | 2009 | 19251298 |
| surface features of a mononegavirales matrix protein indicate sites of membrane interaction. | the matrix protein (m) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the prototype viral member of the pneumovirinae (family paramyxoviridae, order mononegavirales), has been crystallized and the structure determined to a resolution of 1.6 a. the structure comprises 2 compact beta-rich domains connected by a relatively unstructured linker region. due to the high degree of side-chain order in the structure, an extensive contiguous area of positive surface charge covering approximately 600 a(2) can be res ... | 2009 | 19251668 |
| integrin alphavbeta1 promotes infection by human metapneumovirus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently described paramyxovirus that causes lower respiratory infections in children and adults worldwide. the hmpv fusion (f) protein is a membrane-anchored glycoprotein and major protective antigen. all hmpv f protein sequences determined to date contain an arg-gly-asp (rgd) sequence, suggesting that f engages rgd-binding integrins to mediate cell entry. the divalent cation chelator edta, which disrupts heterodimeric integrin interactions, inhibits infectivit ... | 2009 | 19164533 |
| an unusual respiratory syncytial virus nosocomial outbreak in an adult psychiatry ward. | herein we report our experience in containing an outbreak of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in a psychiatric ward in central taiwan during a non-widespread rsv seasonal occurrence. a total of 8 patients and 4 healthcare workers in the psychiatric ward developed febrile illness or upper respiratory tract infection symptoms between august 23 and 29, 2005. rsv was identified by either viral culture or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay. rsv was is ... | 2009 | 19168963 |
| delayed exposure to infections and childhood lymphomas: a case-control study. | delayed exposure to common infections during childhood, have been implied to cause strong immunological response to a single infectious agent that eventually triggers leukemogenesis. the aim of the present study was to investigate whether decreased exposure to infections, as reflected in a more seronegative spectrum to several common infectious agents, is associated with increased risk for the development of childhood lymphomas. | 2009 | 19169895 |
| evidence that selective changes in the lipid composition of raft-membranes occur during respiratory syncytial virus infection. | we examined the structure of lipid-raft membranes in respiratory syncytial virus infected cells. cholesterol depletion studies using methyl-beta-cyclodextrin suggested that membrane cholesterol was required for virus filament formation, but not inclusion bodies. in addition, virus filament formation coincided with elevated 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a reductase expression, suggesting an increase in requirement for endogenous cholesterol synthesis during virus assembly. lipid raft membra ... | 2009 | 19178924 |
| comparison of cytokine responses in nasopharyngeal aspirates from children with viral lower respiratory tract infections. | to determine whether nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas) cytokine response is different according to the causative viruses in children with lower respiratory tract infections (lrti). | 2009 | 19183120 |
| respiratory syncytial virus outbreak in a long-term care facility detected using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction: an argument for real-time detection methods. | to report an outbreak of respiratory synctyial virus (rsv) in a long-term care facility (ltcf) during ongoing routine respiratory illness surveillance. | 2009 | 19187415 |
| gene profiling studies in the neonatal ovine lung show enhancing effects of vegf on the immune response. | preterm and young neonates have an increased predisposition to respiratory distress syndrome (rds) associated with an immature development of lung surfactant. glucocorticoids (gcs) are the major immunomodulatory agents used to increase lung development and reduce the mortality and morbidity of preterm infants with rds. however, their safety remains uncertain, and the precise mechanisms by which they improve lung function are unclear. in previous studies, we found that vascular endothelial growth ... | 2009 | 19189846 |
| establishing a surveillance network for severe lower respiratory tract infections in korean infants and young children. | to reduce morbidity and mortality through integrated case management, a pilot study to detect respiratory viruses in patients with acute lower respiratory infections (alris) was designed as part of a nationwide surveillance for this disease in korea. the study population consisted of hospitalized patients under the age of 5 years with bronchiolitis, pneumonia, croup, or acute respiratory distress syndrome. a prospective 6-month study was performed. two hundred and ninety-seven nasopharyngeal sec ... | 2009 | 19190941 |
| human respiratory syncytial virus nonstructural protein ns2 antagonizes the activation of beta interferon transcription by interacting with rig-i. | a wide variety of rna viruses have been shown to produce proteins that inhibit interferon (ifn) production and signaling. for human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the nonstructural ns1 and ns2 proteins have been shown to block ifn signaling by causing the proteasomal degradation of stat2. in addition, recombinant rsvs lacking either ns1 or ns2 induce more ifn production than wild-type (wt) rsv in infected cells. however, the mechanisms by which the ns proteins perform this function are unkno ... | 2009 | 19193793 |
| mast cell degranulation is induced by a549 airway epithelial cell infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a major causative agent of respiratory tract infections, influences allergic diseases. mast cells, important effector cells in allergic disease, also express chemokine (c-x(3)-c motif) receptor 1 (cx(3)cr1). the rsv attachment glycoprotein (g protein) is structurally similar to cx(3)c ligand 1 (cx(3)cl1), the cx(3)cr1 ligand, suggesting that rsv directly interacts with and affects mast cell function, including degranulation. in this paper, the effect of rsv inf ... | 2009 | 19195674 |
| the burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children. | the primary role of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in causing infant hospitalizations is well recognized, but the total burden of rsv infection among young children remains poorly defined. | 2009 | 19196675 |
| human piv-2 recombinant sendai virus (rsev) elicits durable immunity and combines with two additional rsevs to protect against hpiv-1, hpiv-2, hpiv-3, and rsv. | the human parainfluenza viruses (hpivs) and respiratory syncytial viruses (rsvs) are the leading causes of hospitalizations due to respiratory viral disease in infants and young children, but no vaccines are yet available. here we describe the use of recombinant sendai viruses (rsevs) as candidate vaccine vectors for these respiratory viruses in a cotton rat model. two new sendai virus (sev)-based hpiv-2 vaccine constructs were generated by inserting the fusion (f) gene or the hemagglutinin-neur ... | 2009 | 19200447 |
| optimization strategy to minimize wastage of palivizumab during the 2008 rsv season in são paulo, brazil. | palivizumab is currently recommended to high-risk children as a prophylaxis for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. however, it is still very expensive for developing countries like brazil. herein, we describe our strategy to minimize wastage of palivizumab during the 2008 rsv season. appointments were fixed for 304 children on 2 days of the week, so that a mean of 19.9 children received palivizumab per day. that allowed remaining volumes of palivizumab vials to be pooled and used for o ... | 2009 | 19203985 |
| treatment with respiratory syncytial virus g glycoprotein monoclonal antibody or f(ab')2 components mediates reduced pulmonary inflammation in mice. | therapeutic treatment with a non-neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mab) (131-2g) specific to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g glycoprotein mediates virus clearance and decreases leukocyte trafficking and interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) production in the lungs of rsv-infected mice. its f(ab')(2) component only mediates decreased leukocyte trafficking and ifn-gamma production without reducing virus replication. thus, this mab has two independent actions that could facilitate treatment and/or preve ... | 2009 | 19264600 |
| genetic diversity and population structure of rice stripe virus in china. | rice stripe virus (rsv) is one of the most economically important pathogens of rice and is repeatedly epidemic in china, japan and korea. the most recent outbreak of rsv in eastern china in 2000 caused significant losses and raised serious concerns. in this paper, we provide a genotyping profile of rsv field isolates and describe the population structure of rsv in china, based on the nucleotide sequences of isolates collected from different geographical regions during 1997-2004. rsv isolates cou ... | 2009 | 19264655 |
| characterization of respiratory syncytial virus m- and m2-specific cd4 t cells in a murine model. | cd4 t cells have been shown to play an important role in the immunity and immunopathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. we identified two novel cd4 t-cell epitopes in the rsv m and m2 proteins with core sequences m(213-223) (fkyikpqsqfi) and m2(27-37) (yfewpphallv). peptides containing the epitopes stimulated rsv-specific cd4 t cells to produce gamma interferon (ifn-gamma), interleukin 2 (il-2), and other th1- and th2-type cytokines in an i-a(b)-restricted pattern. construct ... | 2009 | 19264776 |
| immune dysregulation in severe influenza. | among previously healthy children with severe influenza, the mechanisms leading to increased pathology are not understood. we hypothesized that children with severe influenza would have high levels of circulating cytokines. to examine this, we recruited patients with severe influenza and examined plasma cytokine levels as well as the ability of peripheral blood cells to respond to stimuli. ten patients with severe influenza were enrolled during the 2005-2007 influenza seasons. we evaluated plasm ... | 2009 | 19276177 |
| innate immune signals modulate antiviral and polyreactive antibody responses during severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. | antiviral antibody production during respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in infants is poorly understood. to characterize local b lymphocyte responses, lung tissue and secretions from infants with rsv bronchiolitis were analyzed for innate b cell-stimulating factors and antiviral antibodies. in lung tissues of infants with fatal rsv bronchiolitis, cd20(+) lymphocytes and igm-positive, igg-positive, and iga-positive plasma cells were prominent but cd4(+) t lymphocytes were not. type i int ... | 2009 | 19278337 |
| safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity of motavizumab, a humanized, enhanced-potency monoclonal antibody for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection in at-risk children. | : respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infection in young children. motavizumab is an investigational humanized monoclonal antibody for rsv prophylaxis. | 2009 | 19258920 |
| exploring the association between severe respiratory syncytial virus infection and asthma: a registry-based twin study. | severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is associated with asthma but the nature of this association is imperfectly understood. | 2009 | 19286626 |
| [viral pathogens of acute lower respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children from east guangdong of china]. | to investigate the viral pathogens of acute lower respiratory tract infection (alrti) in hospitalized children from east guangdong province of china and the relationship of the pathogens with age and seasons. | 2009 | 19292960 |
| the respiratory syncytial virus matrix protein possesses a crm1-mediated nuclear export mechanism. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) matrix (m) protein is localized in the nucleus of infected cells early in infection but is mostly cytoplasmic late in infection. we have previously shown that m localizes in the nucleus through the action of the importin beta1 nuclear import receptor. here, we establish for the first time that m's ability to shuttle to the cytoplasm is due to the action of the nuclear export receptor crm1, as shown in infected cells, and in cells transfected to express green ... | 2009 | 19297465 |
| treating respiratory viral diseases with chemically modified, second generation intranasal sirnas. | chemically synthesized short interfering rna (sirna) of pre-determined sequence has ushered a new era in the application of rna interference (rnai) against viral genes. we have paid particular attention to respiratory viruses that wreak heavy morbidity and mortality worldwide. the clinically significant ones include respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza virus (piv) and influenza virus. as the infection by these viruses is clinically restricted to the respiratory tissues, mainly the lu ... | 2009 | 19301655 |