Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| searching in patches by european starlings, sturnus vulgaris. | despite the importance of within-patch search for predicting optimal patch-leaving strategy, little experimental effort has been devoted to the study of this foraging behaviour. in addition, predators' strategic responses to variability in features like the within-patch distribution of prey can have important consequences for their dietary decisions. we therefore analyse the search paths of european starlings, sturnus vulgaris, foraging individually in artificial patches that vary in the spatial ... | 1997 | 24896962 |
| photoperiodic condition modulates the effects of testosterone on song control nuclei volumes in male european starlings. | songbirds possess a specialized network of brain nuclei mediating song learning and production, the song system. in many species, the nuclei in this circuit are larger in volume in males housed on long photoperiods than in males housed on short photoperiods. exposure to long days initially leads to increases in circulating levels of testosterone (t) and it is generally believed that volume changes in the song system are controlled by t-dependent effects of photoperiod. however, a growing body of ... | 1997 | 9038260 |
| pcb and heavy metal contamination and effects in european starlings (sturnus vulgaris) at a superfund site. | 1997 | 8975802 | |
| auditory scene analysis by songbirds: stream segregation of birdsong by european starlings (sturnus vulgaris). | three experiments examined the capacity of european starlings to segregate perceptually 2 superimposed, intermixed auditory stimuli. the stimuli were 10-s song samples from 2 of 4 songbird species: european starling, brown thrasher, mockingbird, and nightingale. the birds first learned a discrimination between the intermixed song pairs. then, they maintained the discrimination with novel song exemplars in the mixtures and when song stimuli for each species were presented alone. performance fell, ... | 1997 | 9090135 |
| the pivotal role of john s. edkins in the discovery of gastrin. | john sydney edkins was born in london in 1863. after gaining two open scholarships, he attended caius college, cambridge and studied physiology under the tutelage of j.n. langley and m. foster. during this period he published on the chemical nature of pepsinogen with langley. after qualifying as a medical doctor, he worked in manchester before returning to london, where he succeeded e. klein as head of physiology at st. bartholomew's. for financial reasons he also worked part time at bedford col ... | 1997 | 8995084 |
| left ventricular adaptation to aortic regurgitation in conscious dogs. | cardiac failure as a result of valvular heart disease remains a major clinical problem that frequently leads to ventricular dysfunction, myocardial failure, and even death. the development of irreversible myocardial damage may be especially insidious in volume overload as a result of aortic or mitral regurgitation. | 1997 | 9011684 |
| septal function during left ventricular unloading. | left ventricular (lv) unloading with mechanical support devices alters biventricular geometry and impairs right ventricular (rv) contractility, but its effect on septal systolic function remains unknown. | 1997 | 9054866 |
| validation of different methods to compare isovolumic cardiac function in isolated hearts of varying sizes. | functional comparison of isolated hearts with different sizes has been difficult because function varies at different ventricular volumes. to date, no standard volume has been established. to determine the most accurate experimental approach, we tested five different methods to standardize volume in control hearts with different sizes but similar papillary muscle function and in hearts with concentric hypertrophy: intracardiac balloon volume (vb) = 120 microliters (m1). vb at diastolic pressure ... | 1997 | 9082860 |
| mycoplasmal conjunctivitis in a european starling. | bilateral conjunctivitis and episcleritis were identified in an adult european starling (sturnus vulgaris). a novel mycoplasma species, mycoplasma sturni, was isolated in pure culture from the conjunctiva of both eyes. the clinical presentation was similar to that of conjunctivitis in house finches (carpodacus mexicanus) caused by mycoplasma gallisepticum. however, the histologic lesions were distinct, by the presence of ulceration and by the absence of epithelial hyperplasia and lymphoplasmacyt ... | 1997 | 9131571 |
| inhomogeneities in wall stress measured by microergometry in the heart muscle in situ. | microergometry is a method which we have developed as a tool to measure local mesh-tension within the myocardial weave at any measuring site of both ventricles and the septum on the beating heart in situ. in a mapping procedure on pig and dog hearts, both in control conditions and in the hypertrophied state after aortic banding, local mesh-tension was measured in several areas and in up to eight depths proceeding from the epicardium to the endocardium: probe-to-fibre coupling is definitely more ... | 1997 | 9134624 |
| c-fos expression in the putative avian suprachiasmatic nucleus. | c-fos induction was investigated as a potential component in the avian photic entrainment pathway and as a possible means of locating the central pacemaker in birds. in both quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and starlings (sturnus vulgaris) exposure to 1 h of light induced fos-lir in the visual suprachiasmatic nucleus but not in the medial suprachiasmatic nucleus. however, the degree of c-fos induction in the visual suprachiasmatic nucleus was similar at different circadian times despite the fa ... | 1997 | 9163930 |
| ca(2+)-dependent and ca(2+)-independent regulation of contractility in isolated human myocardium. | changes in contractile force of the myocardium may depend on changes in the intracellular ca2+ concentration, changes in the responsiveness of the myofibrils for ca2+, or a combination of both. we investigated in isolated muscle strip preparations from human nonfailing and endstage failing hearts the influence of physical (changes in preload, stimulation rate, or rhythm), and pharmacological interventions (alpha- or beta-adrenoceptor-stimulation, endothelin) on developed force of contraction and ... | 1997 | 9202847 |
| transgenic galphaq overexpression induces cardiac contractile failure in mice. | the critical cell signals that trigger cardiac hypertrophy and regulate the transition to heart failure are not known. to determine the role of galphaq-mediated signaling pathways in these events, transgenic mice were constructed that overexpressed wild-type galphaq in the heart using the alpha-myosin heavy chain promoter. two-fold overexpression of galphaq showed no detectable effects, whereas 4-fold overexpression resulted in increased heart weight and myocyte size along with marked increases ... | 1997 | 9223325 |
| the effects of nerve growth factor and anti-nerve growth factor antibody on the neuroendocrine reproductive system in the european starling sturnus vulgaris. | thyroidectomy of starlings causes them to remain in breeding condition indefinitely; deactivation of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neurons that is characteristic of photorefractoriness does not occur. we hypothesise that a neurotrophin, whose presence or ability to function is dependent upon thyroid hormones, is somehow involved in this termination of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone release. nerve growth factor is one such candidate. mouse 7s-nerve growth factor dissolved in artificial cerebro ... | 1997 | 9251255 |
| basal release of nitric oxide augments the frank-starling response in the isolated heart. | the frank-starling response contributes to the regulation of cardiac output. the major underlying subcellular mechanism is a length-dependent change in myofilament responsiveness to ca2+. recent studies indicate that nitric oxide decreases myofilament responsiveness to ca2+ and modulates myocardial relaxation and left ventricular (lv) diastolic function. we therefore investigated the interaction between nitric oxide and the frank-starling response. | 1997 | 9286965 |
| contrasting effects of diethylenetriamine-nitric oxide, a spontaneously releasing nitric oxide donor, on pregnant rat uterine contractility in vitro versus in vivo. | the aim of the study was to investigate the in vitro (on tension) and in vivo (on intrauterine pressure) effects of a spontaneously releasing nitric oxide adduct, diethylenetriamine-nitric oxide, on rat uterine contractility. | 1997 | 9322644 |
| acid-induced increase in duodenal mucosal permeability is augmented by nitric oxide inhibition and vasopressin. | the aim of the study was to determine if and by what mechanism(s) nitric oxide inhibition modulates the susceptibility of the duodenum to hydrochloric acid-induced disturbances of mucosal integrity. a second aim was to investigate whether basal permeability is a determinant of epithelial acid barrier function. using an in situ duodenal perfusion model, mucosal permeability, alkaline secretion and morphology were investigated in anaesthetized rats. luminal perfusion with 50 mm hydrochloric acid i ... | 1997 | 9338517 |
| myocardial length-force relationship in end stage dilated cardiomyopathy and normal human myocardium: analysis of intact and skinned left ventricular trabeculae obtained during 11 heart transplantations. | the frank-starling-mechanism (fsm) was analyzed in isolated intact and skinned human left ventricular myocardium obtained from 11 heart transplantations (normal donor hearts (ndh), n = 8; dilated cardiomyopathy (dcm), n = 11). the new technique to utilize muscle strips from normal donor hearts which were actually implanted is described in detail. | 1997 | 9342433 |
| myocardial function in infarcted and remote regions early after infarction in man: assessment by magnetic resonance tagging and strain analysis. | early after infarction in the perfusion bed of the left anterior descending coronary artery, cine mri with spatial modulation of magnetization (spamm) tagging (7-mm grid) was used for short- and long-axis cardiac imaging. two-dimensional strain analysis of triangular finite elements was performed between end-diastole and end-systole. patients (n = 10) were compared with age-matched healthy subjects (n = 8). the anteroseptal region at midventricular level was considered representative for "infarc ... | 1997 | 9358455 |
| the contractile properties of the m. supracoracoideus in the pigeon and starling: a case for long-axis rotation of the humerus | wing upstroke in birds capable of powered flight is kinematically the most complicated phase of the wingbeat cycle. the m. supracoracoideus (sc), generally considered to be the primary elevator of the wing, is a muscle with a highly derived but stereotyped morphology in modern flying birds. the contractile portion of the sc arises from a ventral sternum, but its tendon of insertion courses above the glenohumeral joint to insert on the dorsal surface of the humerus. to clarify the role of the sc ... | 1997 | 9359888 |
| changes in gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (gnrh-i) in the pre-optic area and median eminence of starlings (sturnus vulgaris) during the recovery of photosensitivity and during photostimulation. | changes in gnrh-i in the pre-optic (poa) and medio-basal (mbh) areas of the hypothalamus and in pituitary and plasma lh were measured in starlings (sturnus vulgaris) during the recovery of photosensitivity under short days, and following photostimulation at various times during the recovery of photosensitivity. during exposure to short days there was a significant increase in gnrh-i in the poa, with the first detectable increase after only 10 days. there was no increase in gnrh-i in the mbh or i ... | 1997 | 9370960 |
| estimation of distribution parameters of some avian parasites. | occurrence of nematodes (mostly dominating and common species of porrocaecum ensicaudatum and p. semiteres) in host populations of birds (turdus merula, t. philomelos, sturnus vulgaris and scolopax rusticola) was summarized in frequency distributions, and tests of agreement with the poisson model as well as the modified binomial have been computed. comparisons of the observed frequencies with the expected ones showed the high values (3--257) of the coefficient of dispersion, the so-called "overd ... | 1997 | 9374592 |
| the frank-starling mechanism is not mediated by changes in rate of cross-bridge detachment. | we tested the hypothesis that the frank-starling relationship is mediated by changes in the rate of cross-bridge detachment in cardiac muscle. we simultaneously measured isometric force development and the rate of atp consumption at various levels of ca2+ activation in skinned rat cardiac trabecular muscles at three sarcomere lengths (2.0, 2.1, and 2.2 microns). the maximum rate of atp consumption was 1.5 nmol.s-1.microliter fiber vol-1, which represents an estimated adenosinetriphosphatase (atp ... | 1997 | 9374781 |
| model for a one-step plasma treatment device: feasibility of cholesterol removal. | a self-contained plasmapheresis device based on starling flow has been proposed. a computer model was developed to describe the device performance, and a device using conventional cellulose tri-acetate (cta) fibers was modeled. predicted pressure drops and ultrafiltration flow agreed well with measurements using bovine blood in prototype devices made with cta fibers. the model predicted the expected starling flow and predicted the observed high hematocrit region near the fiber wall and a layer o ... | 1997 | 9386837 |
| [effect of lisinopril on cardiac parameters and mortality after myocardial infarction in rats]. | to analyse the effect of early (< 24h) administration of lisinopril on ventricular remodeling and mortality after myocardial infarction (mi) in rats. | 1997 | 9435355 |
| mechanism of macromolecule concentration in collecting lymphatics in rat mesentery. | the mechanism by which macromolecular contents are concentrated during lymph transport was investigated in the collecting lymphatics of the mesentery of the rat. to examine changes in the concentration of lymph macromolecular tracer (fluorescein isothiocyanate-tagged dextran, mw 148,900) in the rhythmically contractile lymphatics, we quantified the fluorescence intensity of the lymph tracer using an intravital microscopy system with single slit-laser (20 microns in thickness) epi-illumination, r ... | 1997 | 9441890 |
| synchronization by low-amplitude light-dark cycles of 24-hour pineal and plasma melatonin rhythms of hatchling european starlings (sturnus vulgaris). | in young european starlings, as in other avian species, high-amplitude 24-hr rhythms in plasma and pineal melatonin are already present around the time of hatching. in chickens this rhythmicity results at least partly from the light sensitivity of the melatonin-producing and -secreting system. in contrast to the chicken, the starling is a hole-nesting bird, and it seemed questionable whether the low light intensities in the nest are sufficient to synchronize perinatal melatonin rhythms. we there ... | 1997 | 9462849 |
| biomechanical characteristics of unconditioned and conditioned latissimus dorsi muscles used for cardiocirculatory assistance. | an understanding of the biomechanical characteristics of striated skeletal muscles involved in cardiocirculatory assistance is a prerequisite to assess their efficacy and to evaluate their haemodynamic benefits. six goats had their latissimus dorsi muscles evaluated by isometric strain gauge testing. total tension, and both active and passive force development at different preloads were measured. the relationship between muscle impedance and starting length was also studied. four additional musc ... | 1997 | 9464610 |
| [the technical construction of a computer-supported measuring unit for in-vivo capillary pressure measurement in human nail fold capillaries]. | capillary pressure (cp) is an important determinant of microvascular function. according to frank starling, it governs not only the viscosity of the blood and the permeability of the capillary membrane, but also filtration and reabsorption in the microvascular bed. despite its great significance, the technique of cp measurement is employed in only a few laboratories throughout the world owing to the technical difficulties involved in carrying out such measurements. the first attempts were made b ... | 1997 | 9490121 |
| propagation of bird acoustic signals: comparative study of starling and blackbird distress calls. | previous works have demonstrated that the information supported by a bird distress call is encoded both by the energy distribution among harmonics and the temporal evolution of the frequency modulation. in the present study, using these parameters, we compared long-range information transfer in a dense vegetation environment between the starling sturnus vulgaris and the blackbird. turdus merula distress calls. it appears that excess attenuation of high frequencies (higher than 4 khz) after a lon ... | 1997 | 9499938 |
| characteristics of the glomerular capillary membrane of the rat kidney as a hydrated gel. i. hypothetical structure. | it is suggested that the glomerular capillary membrane constitutes a flexible gel, where negative charges fixed to the matrix of the membrane account for the maintenance of its integrity. in this model, the hydrostatic pressure throughout the membrane is assumed to equal the glomerular capillary pressure. pglom. of 56.7 mmhg. on the plasma side of the membrane, the charge-induced electro-osmotic pressure therefore has to balance the colloid osmotic pressure of glomerular plasma, and on its bowma ... | 1996 | 8931764 |
| [frank-starling mechanism and the 1st temporal derivative of ventricular pressure]. | 1996 | 8935691 | |
| circuit factors in the high cardiac output of sepsis. | the increase of cardiac output (co) in sepsis must be matched by an increase in venous return. our goal was to determine which of the determinants of venous return are responsible in volume-loaded and nonvolume-loaded pigs with endotoxemia. the determinants include stressed volume, venous compliance (cv), venous resistance (rvr) and right atrial pressure (pra). we also tested the effect of the nitric oxide (no) synthase inhibitor, n omega-nitro-l-arginine-methyl ester (l-name) after the hemodyna ... | 1996 | 8977991 |
| paracrine modulation of heart cell function by endothelial cells. | an accumulating body of experimental data supports the presence of a paracrine pathway for the modulation of myocardial function by cardiac endothelial cells. cardioactive substances released by endothelial cells include nitric oxide, endothelin-1, prostanoids, adenylpurines, natriuretic peptides, and other agents that have so far only been characterised in bioassay studies. endothelial cells also possess enzymatic activities, in particular ace/kininase activity, which can alter local levels of ... | 1996 | 8759239 |
| functional effects of emd-57033 in isovolumically beating isolated rabbit hearts. | the results of isolated myocyte and cardiac muscle experiments indicate that inotropic agents that increase responsiveness of myofilaments to ca2+ (so-called ca2+ sensitizers) may prolong myocardial contraction and increase diastolic tone, but the importance of these effects in the whole heart is unclear. therefore, we studied the effects of the ca2+ sensitizer emd-57033 (emd) on left ventricular (lv) contractile events and passive properties in isovolumically beating isolated rabbit hearts that ... | 1996 | 8760157 |
| the in vivo quantification of myocardial performance in rabbits: a model for evaluation of cardiac gene therapy. | evaluating cardiac gene therapy in the intact animal requires an index of cardiac function capable of detecting regional differences in contractility in a load-independent fashion. potentially load-insensitive measures of ventricular performance were therefore evaluated in 10 open- and closed-chested, anesthetized rabbits. lv transmural pressure and myocardial segment length were measured using micromanometry and sonomicrometry during steady-state and transient inferior vena caval occlusion, ove ... | 1996 | 8762021 |
| length-dependent activation in intact ferret hearts: study of steady-state ca(2+)-stress-strain interrelations. | we examined the steady-state stress-strain relationships and the steady-state stress-intracellular calcium concentration ([ca2+]i) relationship in intact ferret hearts and compared these to previously published analogous relationships in skinned and intact muscle. langendorff-perfused ferret hearts were treated with ryanodine and tetanized by rapid stimulation to create steady-state conditions. [ca2+]i was measured concurrently by macroinjected aequorin. over a range of volumes corresponding to ... | 1996 | 8764242 |
| existence of the frank-starling mechanism in the failing human heart. investigations on the organ, tissue, and sarcomere levels. | the frank-starling mechanism is one of the most important physiological principles for regulation of contractile performance. we therefore studied the question of whether this mechanism may be absent or attenuated in end-stage failing human left ventricular myocardium. | 1996 | 8772688 |
| mycoplasma sturni sp. nov., from the conjunctiva of a european starling (sturnus vulgaris). | strain ucmf(t) (t = type strain) was isolated from the conjunctiva of a european starling (sturnus vulgaris) with conjunctivitis. colonies grown on conventional mycoplasma agar possessed the typical fried-egg appearance observed with many mycoplasmal species. electron micrographs of ultrathin sections of ucmf(t) revealed a pleomorphic cellular morphology; the cells ranged from spherical to elliptical or flask shaped. the cell size ranged from 0.3 to 0.5 microns. strain ucmf(t) grows well in a va ... | 1996 | 8782681 |
| a shear stress component to the modulation of capillary hydraulic conductivity (lp). | two major factors that determine transcapillary exchange are starling forces and hydraulic conductivity (lp) of capillary walls. although chemical stimuli alter lp, the influence of mechanical stimuli has been neglected. therefore, we tested the hypothesis that the lp of intact capillaries would increase with the magnitude of changes in shear stress presented to each capillary. | 1996 | 8839445 |
| sarcomere length versus interfilament spacing as determinants of cardiac myofilament ca2+ sensitivity and ca2+ binding. | the ca2+ sensitivity of skinned cardiac muscle can be increased by either an increase in sarcomere length or osmotic compression of the myofilament lattice. the length-dependent change in ca2+ sensitivity is considered to be an important component of the steep force-length relation along the ascending limb of the force-length curve (frank-starling relation). since an increase in sarcomere length is accompanied by a reduction in the spacing between myosin and actin filaments it is not clear wheth ... | 1996 | 8841926 |
| alterations in hemodynamics and left ventricular contractility during carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum. | carbon dioxide (co2) pneumoperitoneum has been shown to adversely affect hemodynamics in patients. this study specifically examines the potential contribution of altered left ventricular contractility (lvc) to hemodynamic changes observed during co2 pneumoperitoneum. | 1996 | 8864088 |
| starling resistor effects on pulmonary artery occlusion pressure in endotoxin shock provide inaccuracies in left ventricular compliance assessments. | assessment of left ventricular preload and left ventricular compliance changes in septic shock using pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (paop) presumes that this pressure accurately reflects left heart filling pressure. we tested the hypothesis that starling resistor forces render paop inaccurate as an index of left heart filling pressure, resulting in misleading assessments of left ventricular compliance changes. | 1996 | 8874296 |
| simultaneous estimation of filtration variables in isolated rat lungs in zone 3 conditions. | estimation of filtration variables (filtration coefficient, perimicrovascular pressure, and reflection coefficient) is important for evaluating pulmonary microvascular permeability to fluids, especially when the lungs are inflamed, injured, or being preserved for transplantation. here we report a new method for estimating filtration variables simultaneously in isolated rat lung lobes in zone 3 conditions (pulmonary arterial pressure > pulmonary venous pressure > alveolar pressure). we used krebs ... | 1996 | 8888508 |
| development of cardiovascular responses to hypoxia in larvae of the frog xenopus laevis. | cardiovascular responses (blood pressure, heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, and peripheral vascular resistance) to acute hypoxia (po2 = 70 mmhg) in developing larvae of xenopus laevis from nieuwkoop-faber (nf) stage 45 and up to newly metamorphosed froglets were investigated. the results revealed two distinct response patterns to acute hypoxia in "early" (nf stages 45-48 and 49-51) and "late" (nf stages 52-53, 54-57, and 58-62) larval xenopus. the early larvae responded to acute hypoxia ... | 1996 | 8897981 |
| mechanism of 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced coronary vasodilation assessed by direct detection of nitric oxide production in guinea-pig isolated heart. | 1. we assessed whether a submaximal concentration (1 microm) of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) releases nitric oxide (no) from the coronary endothelium in guinea-pig perfused heart (n = 5 or 6/group) by direct detection of no in coronary effluent, and determined whether this accounts for the associated coronary dilation. we also tested whether saponin is a selective and specific tool for examining the role of this mechanism in mediating agonist-induced coronary dilatation. 2. continuous 5 min perfus ... | 1996 | 8904647 |
| transport of tracer albumin from peritoneum to plasma: role of diaphragmatic, visceral, and parietal lymphatics. | using a technique to acutely seal off various parts of the peritoneal membrane surface, with or without evisceration, we investigated the role of diaphragmatic, visceral, and parietal peritoneal lymphatic pathways in the drainage of 125i-labeled albumin (risa) from the peritoneal cavity to the plasma during acute peritoneal dialysis in artificially ventilated rats. the total risa clearance out of the peritoneal cavity (cl) as well as the portion of this cl reaching the plasma per unit time (cl-- ... | 1996 | 8928859 |
| the effect of lazaroid (u74500a), a novel inhibitor of lipid peroxidation, on 24-hour heart preservation. a study based on a working model using cross-circulated blood-perfused rabbit hearts. | lazaroid, an inhibitor of iron-mediated lipid peroxidation, has been shown to reduce free radical-mediated injury after ischemia and reperfusion. we thus examined the efficacy of pretreatment with lazaroid (u74500a) in enhancing functional recovery after 24-hr heart preservation. an isolated rabbit heart model perfused with the blood from a support rabbit was used. before preservation, either u74500a (4 mg/kg, group l; n = 6) or solvent (group s; n = 7) was given to the donor rabbit. after 24-hr ... | 1996 | 8600622 |
| pulmonary vasoconstriction due to impaired nitric oxide production after cardiopulmonary bypass. | pulmonary hypertension is a serious complication after cardiopulmonary bypass (cpb). this study tests the hypothesis that cpb provokes oxidant-mediated pulmonary endothelial dysfunction, leading to reduced nitric oxide (no) production and pulmonary vasoconstriction. | 1996 | 8651783 |
| plasma thyroid hormone and growth hormone patterns in precocial japanese quail and altricial european starlings during postnatal development. | plasma concentrations of thyroid hormones (th) and growth hormone (gh) during postnatal development in the precocial japanese quail (coturnix japonica), and the altricial european starling (sturnus vulgaris) were measured. developmental changes in plasma th found in the starling, differ considerably from those detected in quail. in quail rather high triiodothyronine (t3) values were measured during the first few days after hatching. subsequently a steady decrease of plasma t3, to adult levels, w ... | 1996 | 8689527 |
| comparison of the ontogenesis of thyroid hormones, growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor-i in ad libitum and food-restricted (altricial) european starlings and (precocial) japanese quail. | in this study, we compare the ontogenic patterns for thyroid hormones, growth hormone (gh), and insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) in altricial european starlings and precocial japanese quail and examine the effects of feed restriction on these species. the most marked difference in development between the altricial and precocial birds was with respect to plasma thyroid hormone patterns. in the starling, circulating concentrations of triiodothyronine (t3) and thyroxine (t4) were very low in em ... | 1996 | 8729940 |
| assessment of the frank-starling relationship by two-dimensional echocardiography. | the frank-starling relationship between left ventricular stroke work and end-diastolic minor-axis cross-sectional area was evaluated as a load-insensitive measure of inotropic state by two-dimensional echocardiography in 10 conscious dogs. stroke work was calculated as the product of systolic change in cross-sectional area and either (1) beat-to-beat mean arterial pressure or (2) initial systolic blood pressure. both frank-starling relationships were highly linear during preload variation (mean ... | 1996 | 8736005 |
| early administration of 17beta-estradiol partially masculinizes song control regions and alpha2-adrenergic receptor distribution in european starlings (sturnus vulgaris). | the vocal control system in many songbird species is a sexually dimorphic neural circuit that mediates learning and production of song. the mechanism by which this system is sexually differentiated has been investigated in only one species, the zebra finch (taeniopygia guttata). estradiol may be involved in the sexual differentiation of this system, as female zebra finches treated with estradiol as nestlings develop a male-like song system; however, blocking estradiol action in embryonic and nes ... | 1996 | 9047265 |
| influence of urethane anesthesia on neural processing in the auditory cortex analogue of a songbird. | functional maps of auditory response areas were derived from multi-unit recordings in the caudal telencephalon of the starling (sturnus vulgaris l.). a regular grid of recording sites with distances of 200 microns horizontally and 100 microns vertically was placed over the auditory cortex analogue. within one plane, mapping of auditory responses was first performed in the awake bird and then repeated under urethane anesthesia. the data from both experimental approaches differ considerably. ureth ... | 1996 | 8817307 |
| age- and behavior-related variation in volumes of song control nuclei in male european starlings. | there is considerable interindividual variation in the volumes of song control nuclei. sex and physiological condition appear to contribute to these differences; however, these factors alone do not account for all of the variation. studies have attempted to relate differences in song behavior (i.e., song repertoire size) to variation in song nucleus volume, but have met with mixed success. in this article, two studies are presented that used male european starlings (sturnus vulgaris) to explore ... | 1996 | 8807526 |
| measuring leg thrust forces in the common starling | we describe the design of a force-transducing perch which measures the reaction forces of small birds taking off and landing. in common starlings, landing forces are lower than take-off forces, because the bird may decelerate prior to landing by using its wings. both landing and take-off forces are significantly correlated with body mass; however, the angles of these reaction forces show no significant mass-dependence and are not repeatable within individuals. diversity in take-off or landing st ... | 1996 | 9318079 |
| intestinal growth in altricial european starling (sturnus vulgaris) and precocial japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). a morphometric and cytokinetic study. | this paper introduces the comparison of altricial and precocial birds as a model system for the study of patterns of intestinal growth. it reports on comparative morphometric and cytokinetic studies of intestinal growth in altricial european starling (sturnus vulgaris) and precocial japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). morphometric data at five gut segments of neonates and adults of both species are provided to evaluate the growth of the intestine. a double labelling technique combining ... | 1996 | 9078400 |
| angiotensin ii and cardiovascular regulation in a freshwater teleost, anguilla rostrata lesueur. | cardiac output (co), dorsal aortic blood flow (bfda) and blood pressure (pda), and heart rate (hr) were recorded simultaneously in conscious freshwater eels. physiological doses of [asn1,val5]angiotensin ii (ang ii; 25-150 ng/kg iv) were used to investigate its effects on the blood flow [co, bfda, and estimated branchial shunting (bs)] and systemic vascular resistance (rsys) components of the pressor response and possible mechanism(s) of action. co was increased mainly by an elevated stroke volu ... | 1995 | 7573576 |
| two histological markers reveal a similar photoperiodic difference in the volume of the high vocal center in male european starlings. | most studies of seasonal changes in the avian song control system have used nissl stains to characterize the nuclei. more recent work has indicated that changes in nucleus volume evident in nissl-stained tissue are not always apparent when investigated with other histochemical criteria. in this experiment, we used two different markers (nissl stain and alpha 2-adrenergic receptor autoradiography) to characterize changes in the song system of european starlings (sturnus vulgaris). fluctuating lev ... | 1995 | 8801262 |
| heritability of nestling growth in cross-fostered european starlings sturnus vulgaris. | in altricial birds, growth rates and nestling morphology vary between broods. for natural selection to produce evolutionary change in these variables, ther must exist heritable variation. since nestling traits are not any longer presents in parents, traditional offspring-parent regressions cannot estimate heritabilities of these. in this study, a partial cross-fostering experiment was performed, where nestlings of the european starling (sturnus vulgaris) were reciprocally exchanged between nests ... | 1995 | 8647400 |
| plasma prolactin and luteinizing hormone during termination and onset of photorefractoriness in intact and pinealectomized european starlings (sturnus vulgaris). | plasma levels of prolactin and luteinizing hormone have been examined in intact and pinealectomized european starling (sturnus vulgaris) during termination and onset of photorefractoriness. photorefractory starlings exposed to long (18l:6d) daily photoperiods for 10 weeks were pinealectomized. one week after pinealectomy these birds, along with the intact and sham-operated birds, were transferred to short (8l:16d) daily photoperiods. after 10 weeks on short day lengths the daily photoperiod was ... | 1995 | 8536928 |
| an excitation-pattern model for the starling (sturnus vulgaris). | this paper develops and tests an excitation-pattern model for the starling. like excitation-pattern models for humans [e.g., zwicker, acustica 6, 365-381 (1956); florentine and buus, j. acoust. soc. am. 70, 1646-1654 (1981)], the model for starlings provides a unified account of a large body of data. the foundation of the model is a critical-band scale, which is derived as an equal-distance scale according to a cochlear-map function. the cochlear-map function is determined as a best-fitting func ... | 1995 | 7608390 |
| the effect of duration of exposure to short days on the gonadal response to long days in male starlings (sturnus vulgaris). | photorefractory male starlings (sturnus vulgaris) were transferred from a photoperiodic schedule of 18 h light:6 h dark to 8 h light:16 h dark for 2, 4, 6 or 10 weeks, and then photostimulated by exposure to 18 h light:6 h dark. testicular dimensions were measured at regular intervals by laparotomy. there was no change in testicular volume in birds photostimulated after 2 weeks under a photoperiod of 8 h light:16 h dark, but a cycle of testicular growth followed by regression occurred in the oth ... | 1995 | 7473410 |
| discrimination training in a go/nogo-procedure alters the 2-deoxyglucose pattern in the starling's forebrain. | european starling's (sturnus vulgaris l.) were used to measure differences in the glucose metabolism in the auditory forebrain between birds performing an auditory discrimination task and birds habituated to the same acoustic stimuli. one group (n = 5) of individuals was trained in an operant go/nogo-procedure to report 1-khz tone signals in a background of 4-khz stimuli. the other group (n = 5) was habituated to the experimental set-up and to the same sequence of tones presented to the trained ... | 1995 | 7552331 |
| reflective organelles in the anterior pigment epithelium of the iris of the european starling sturnus vulgaris. | the ultrastructure and chemical composition of reflective organelles in the anterior pigment epithelium of the iris of the european starling sturnus vulgaris were examined. the reflective organelles produced a diffuse white reflectance at the iris mid-section which was visible only when the stroma was removed. the pigment granules were clear, angular, and birefringent under the light microscope. in electron micrographs the granules were irregular in shape and density, sometimes crystalline in ap ... | 1995 | 7781036 |
| critical bands and critical-ratio bandwidth in the european starling. | critical bands (cb) and critical-ratio (cr) bandwidth were determined in five european starlings (sturnus vulgaris) using a go/nogo procedure and the method of constant stimuli. test-tone frequencies were 1, 2, 4, and 6.3 khz. critical ratios were independent of the level of the white noise masker. the lowest cr of 21.8 db was found at 1 khz, and the cr monotonically increased on average by 2.3 db per octave. cr-bandwidths at a masker spectrum level of 41 db were 151, 191, 437, and 501 hz at 1, ... | 1995 | 7642449 |
| neuromuscular control and kinematics of intermittent flight in the european starling (sturnus vulgaris) | electromyographic (emg) and kinematic data were collected from european starlings (sturnus vulgaris) flying at a range of speeds from 8 to 18 m s-1 in a variable-speed windtunnel. their flight at all speeds consisted of alternating flapping and non-flapping phases. wing postures during non-flapping phases included glides, partial-bounds and bounds. glides were performed proportionally more often within each speed and were longer in duration than either of the other two non-flapping postures, but ... | 1995 | 9319121 |
| temporal modulation transfer functions in the european starling (sturnus vulgaris): ii. responses of auditory-nerve fibres. | the temporal resolution of cochlear-nerve fibres in the european starling was determined with sinusoidally amplitude-modulated noise stimuli similar to those previously used in a psychoacoustic study in this species (klump and okanoya, 1991). temporal modulation transfer curves (tmtfs) were constructed for cochlear afferents allowing a direct comparison with the starling's behavioural performance. on average, the neuron's detection of modulation was less sensitive than that obtained in the behav ... | 1995 | 7744716 |
| a comparison of the responses to gonadotrophin-releasing hormone of adult and juvenile, and photosensitive and photorefractory european starlings, sturnus vulgaris. | the reproductive system of juvenile european starlings appears to be similar to that of photorefractory adults, yet the increase in plasma luteinizing hormone (lh) in juveniles in response to gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (gnrh) is much less than that of photorefractory adults. to investigate this apparent anomaly, the effects of age, reproductive state, and sex on the increase in plasma lh concentration in response to im injections of gnrh were investigated. the results show that photorefract ... | 1995 | 7713378 |
| the role of the pericardium and the effects of adrenaline and changes in oxygen tension on the performance of an in situ perfused crocodile heart | an in situ perfused crocodile (crocodylus porosus) heart preparation was used to examine the mechanical responses of the heart to increases in adrenaline concentration, to a decrease in oxygen tension and to opening of the pericardium. starling and power curves were constructed before and after these experimental manipulations. increasing adrenaline concentration in the perfusate from 5 nmol l-1 to 0.5 µmol l-1 produced a significant increase in heart rate and a decrease in stroke volume, ... | 1995 | 9320436 |
| microvascular architecture and exchange in synovial joints. | the microcirculation of the synovial lining of joints displays many fascinating adaptations to function. one primary function is to supply nutrients to the avascular cartilage, whose chondrocytes are metabolically active but are relatively vast distances from the nearest capillary (> 1 cm in the center of a human knee). exchange is facilitated by a high density of fenestrated capillaries situated very close to the synovial surface (an arrangement disrupted in rheumatoid synovium) with fenestrati ... | 1995 | 8748946 |
| left ventricular mechanoenergetics under altered coronary perfusion in guinea pig hearts. | coronary perfusion pressure (cpp) is well known to affect left ventricular (lv) mechanoenergetics (gregg's phenomenon). the garden hose effect via the frank-starling mechanism caused by coronary distension has long been considered to be the underlying mechanism of this phenomenon. however, recent studies have revealed a close correlation between cpp and the excitation-contraction coupling in myocytes. the aim of this study was to investigate the mechanoenergetic aspects of gregg's phenomenon by ... | 1995 | 8676582 |
| effects of hypertonic-hyperoncotic infusion on the human atrial natriuretic factor in a standardized clinical trial. | hypertonic-hyperoncotic solutions (hht) are presently being utilized to resuscitate patients in shock. however, so far, the effects of hht on human atrial natriuretic factor (hanf) have not yet been investigated in a clinical trial. the effects of hht on hanf were studied in a standardized preoperative and clinical setting in patients undergoing aneurysmectomy. twenty-three conscious patients were included in two groups: 11 hht and 12 hes (hht: 7.5% nacl/10% hes 200; hes: .9% nacl/10% hes 200). ... | 1995 | 7749942 |
| the role of platelet-activating factor in lipopolysaccharide-induced myocardial depression in guinea pigs. | to determine if platelet-activating factor (paf) is a key mediator of lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced myocardial depression in guinea pigs. | 1995 | 7757142 |
| design, manufacturing, and testing of a paracorporeal pulsatile ventricular assist device: são paulo heart institute vad. | this paper describes the design of a ventricular assist device (vad), its manufacturing, and testing. the vad presented is pulsatile, with a free-floating membrane, smooth internal surfaces, and pericardial valves. it comprehends also a pneumatic driving unit capable of operating in the "full to empty," ekg synchronized or asynchronous modes. in vitro tests were performed to assess its mechanical durability, hydrodynamic performance, and hemolysis. to optimize cannulas and implant techniques, we ... | 1995 | 7779018 |
| osmotic compression of single cardiac myocytes eliminates the reduction in ca2+ sensitivity of tension at short sarcomere length. | according to the frank-starling relation, cardiac output varies as a function of end-diastolic volume of the ventricle. the cellular basis of the relation is thought to involve length-dependent variations in ca2+ sensitivity of tension; ie, as sarcomere length is increased in cardiac muscle, ca2+ sensitivity of tension also increases. one possible explanation for this effect is that the decrease in myocyte diameter as muscle length is increased reduces the lateral spacing between thick and thin ... | 1995 | 7788878 |
| mechanisms of the frank-starling phenomena studied in intact hearts. | the impact of ventricular volume on the relationship between intracellular calcium and ventricular pressure under steady-state conditions was determined in intact ferret hearts. the results reveal major quantitative differences and minor qualitative differences between these relations and those previously measured in isolated intact and skinned cardiac muscle. the importance of these differences is discussed within the context of developing a comprehensive mechanistic theory to describe load-dep ... | 1995 | 8540392 |
| distortion-product otoacoustic emissions and their anaesthesia sensitivity in the european starling and the chicken. | the aim of the present experimental series was to provide further information on the distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (dp) of birds and contribute to a general understanding of dp generation. basic characteristics of the dp 2f1-f2 and 2f2-f1 were measured in the ear canal of both awake and anaesthetized european starlings and chickens. the effect of a third suppressive tone and the behaviour of the dp under anaesthesia were also studied. in general, the dp characteristics of both bird sp ... | 1995 | 8567421 |
| haemodynamic basis for the development of left ventricular failure in systolic hypertension and for its logical therapy. | in youth, properties of the human arterial system are such that pulse pressure generated by ventricular ejection is low, and the major component of wave reflection returns to the heart after the aortic valve has shut, so making no contribution to ventricular load, but boosting pressure throughout diastole and so aiding coronary perfusion. that constitutes optimal arterial function and optimal vascular/ventricular interaction. with ageing, the aorta and elastic arteries stiffen, so that aortic pu ... | 1995 | 8586828 |
| nonlinear resistances in hepatic microcirculation. | the liver provides a reservoir available for mobilizing large amounts of blood, but if a change in downstream (outflow) pressure below a certain magnitude (break pressure) does not change upstream pressures, blood volume redistribution may be limited. for downstream pressures larger than the break pressure, the upstream pressures change proportionately. we tested the hypothesis that this nonlinear mode of pressure transmission could be found from the abdominal vena cava to the hepatic microcircu ... | 1995 | 8594900 |
| studies of hypoxemic/reoxygenation injury: without aortic clamping. ii. evidence for reoxygenation damage. | this study tested the hypothesis that the developing heart is susceptible to oxygen-mediated damage after reintroduction of molecular oxygen and that this "unintended" reoxygenation injury causes lipid peroxidation and functional depression that may contribute to perioperative cardiac dysfunction. among 49 duroc-yorkshire piglets (2 to 3 weeks old, 3 to 5 kg) 15 control studies were done without hypoxemia to test the effects of the surgical preparation (n = 10) and 60 minutes of cardiopulmonary ... | 1995 | 7475168 |
| studies of hypoxemic/reoxygenation injury: without aortic clamping. iv. role of the iron-catalyzed pathway: deferoxamine. | this study tests the hypothesis that an iron chelator, deferoxamine, can reduce oxygen-mediated myocardial injury and avoid myocardial dysfunction after cardiopulmonary bypass by its action on the iron-catalyzed haber-weiss pathway. twenty-one immature 2- to 3-week-old piglets were placed on cardiopulmonary bypass for 120 minutes, and five piglets served as biochemical controls without cardiopulmonary bypass. five piglets underwent cardiopulmonary bypass without hypoxemia (cardiopulmonary bypass ... | 1995 | 7475170 |
| studies of hypoxemic/reoxygenation injury: without aortic clamping. ix. importance of avoiding perioperative hyperoxemia in the setting of previous cyanosis. | this study of an in vivo infantile piglet model of compensated hypoxemia tests the hypothesis that reoxygenation on hyperoxemic cardiopulmonary bypass produces oxygen-mediated myocardial injury that can be limited by normoxemic management of cardiopulmonary bypass and the interval after cardiopulmonary bypass. twenty-five immature piglets (< 3 weeks old) were placed on 120 minutes of cardiopulmonary bypass and five piglets served as a biochemical control group without cardiopulmonary bypass. fiv ... | 1995 | 7475175 |
| pressure-flow relationships in in vitro model of compartment syndrome. | compartment syndrome is a condition in which an increase in intramuscular pressure decreases blood flow to skeletal muscle. according to the starling resistor (i.e., vascular waterfall) model of blood flow, the decrease in flow could occur through an increase in arterial resistance (rart) or an increase in the critical closing pressure (pcrit). to determine which explains the decrease in flow, we pump perfused a canine gastrocnemius muscle placed within an airtight box, controlled box pressures ... | 1995 | 7559222 |
| the influence of isotonic exercise on cardiac hypertrophy in arterial hypertension: impact on cardiac function and on the capacity for aerobic work. | intense physical training through isotonic exercises has controversial effects in individuals with moderate to severe hypertension. in this study, normotensive wistar rats and rats with renovascular hypertension (goldblatt ii) were subjected to intense physical exercise involving two 50-min swimming sessions per day for a period of 12 weeks. at the end of the study, we evaluated the effect of training on arterial pressure, the capacity for aerobic work and cardiac function. our results demonstra ... | 1995 | 7584822 |
| the role of the left atrial appendage. a volume loading study in open-chest dogs. | although the left atrial appendage has a quite unique structure, its function remains unclear. to clarify the function of the left atrial appendage, changes in its anteroposterior, transverse and longitudinal dimensions, and in the anteroposterior dimension of the left atrial body were measured by a sonomicrometer during volume loading in open chest dogs. in the control state, fractional shortening of the transverse dimension of the appendage was greater than that of the atrial body. after dextr ... | 1995 | 7596042 |
| a model of human microvascular exchange. | a compartmental model consisting of the circulation, a general interstitium, and the lymphatics, is formulated to describe the transport and distribution of fluid and plasma proteins (albumin) in the human microvascular exchange system. transcapillary mass exchange is assumed to occur via a coupled starling mechanism. unknown or poorly quantified model parameters are estimated by statistical fitting of simulation predictions to five different sets of experimental data. the data consist of steady ... | 1995 | 7603353 |
| peritoneal fluid and tracer albumin kinetics in the rat. effects of increases in intraperitoneal hydrostatic pressure. | to study the peritoneal fluid loss rate, the clearance (ci) of radioactive tracer albumin (risa) eliminated from the peritoneal cavity (pc), as well as the peritoneal-to-plasma risa clearance (ci-->p) during acute peritoneal dialysis (pd) at large elevations in intraperitoneal hydrostatic pressure (ipp). | 1995 | 7612731 |
| effects of heart rate on left atrial contractile performance and left ventricular filling during atrial systole in dogs. | left ventricular (lv) diastolic filling and left atrial (la) contribution have been investigated in patients with heart disease. however, many of these studies were not conducted at a constant heart rate, and the effects of heart rate remain unclear. the purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of the heart rate on left atrial contractile performance and left ventricular filling during atrial systole. the changes in la and lv dimensions and pulmonary venous (pv) flow were determined in 9 ... | 1995 | 7650843 |
| age-related changes in rat interstitial matrix hydration and serum proteins. | measurements of effects of age-related changes on loose connective tissue protein concentrations and water are lacking. tissue hydration is an important determinant of tissue protein diffusion coefficients and hydraulic conductivity. sprague-dawley rats (ages 11, 30, 57, and 89 wk) were anesthetized. blood and mesenteric tissue samples were taken. tissue water content was determined by microgravimetric technique. protein content was determined by electrophoresis. tissue hydration decreased 18% b ... | 1995 | 7671020 |
| starling resistor vs. distensible vessel models for embolic pulmonary hypertension. | we investigated whether the starling resistor model (mitzner et al. j. appl. physiol. 51: 1065-1071, 1981) or a distensible vessel model (haworth et al. j. appl. physiol. 70: 15-26, 1991) best describes pulmonary vascular pressure-flow (q) relationships in embolic pulmonary hypertension. mean pulmonary arterial pressure (ppa)-q plots at constant left atrial pressure (pla) and ppa-pla plots at constant q were investigated in seven dogs before and after 500-micron glass bead pulmonary embolism. em ... | 1995 | 7864209 |
| digital starling forces and hemodynamics during early laminitis induced by an aqueous extract of black walnut (juglans nigra) in horses. | starling forces and hemodynamics in the digits of 5 horses were studied during early laminitis induced by oral administration of an aqueous extract of black walnut (juglans nigra). the black walnut extract was prepared from heartwood shavings and was administered by nasogastric tube. heart and respiratory rates, rectal temperature, central venous and arterial pressures, digital pulses, and signs of lameness were monitored. blood samples were collected for determination of wbc count, hemoglobin c ... | 1995 | 8928952 |
| a radioimmunoassay for recombinant-derived chicken prolactin suitable for the measurement of prolactin in other avian species. | a homologous radioimmunoassay for chicken prolactin is described. the assay is based on recombinant-derived chicken prolactin that has been used to raise an antibody and produce 125i-labeled tracer and assay standards. the radioimmunoassay measures a minimum of 0.03 +/- 0.01 ng of the recombinant prolactin with 50% displacement of binding by 0.6 +/- 0.1 ng. chicken plasma and pituitary immunoreactivity dilute in parallel with the standard curve. the mean (+/- se) concentrations of plasma prolact ... | 1994 | 7883142 |
| starling pressures in the human arm and their alteration in postmastectomy oedema. | 1. surgery and radiotherapy to axillary lymph nodes during breast cancer treatment is often followed, commonly years later, by chronic postmastectomy oedema (pmo). pmo is considered a 'high protein' oedema due to reduced axillary lymph drainage. since oedema formation also depends on fluid input (capillary filtration), we studied the starling pressures in the affected and contralateral arm. colloid osmotic pressure was measured in patient serum (pi p) and interstitial fluid (pi i). subcutis flui ... | 1994 | 7932226 |
| cyclophosphamide effects on immune function of european starlings. | we developed and tested a battery of immune function assays on adult european starlings (sturnus vulgaris) exposed to the immunotoxicant cyclophosphamide (cy). starlings were injected intraperitoneally for three consecutive days with saline or 20 mg/kg cy. cyclophosphamide did not affect body mass or packed cell volume. however, spleen to body mass ratios and the number of viable spleen cells were lower in cy-treated birds when compared to controls. peripheral white blood cell numbers were reduc ... | 1994 | 7933273 |
| increased vascular resistance with hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers. | to compare the effects of resuscitation with hemoglobin-based oxygen-carriers and conventional resuscitation fluids on hemodynamics, oxygen transport, and oxygen consumption in an animal model of the use of these fluids in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock. | 1994 | 7994360 |
| chronic alterations in cardiac mechanics after fetal closed heart operation. | pulmonary artery banding was performed in 8 fetal sheep at 125 days' gestation to evaluate the feasibility of fetal closed cardiac operation. at 135 days' gestation, the fetuses were delivered and the cardiac mechanics were evaluated using a modified langendorff isolated heart preparation. two of the 8 fetuses aborted spontaneously 2 and 7 days after operation. six fetuses (75%) survived the 10 days after delivery. the left ventricular cardiac mechanics in the banded fetuses (group i) were compa ... | 1994 | 8010781 |
| an analysis of the interaction between interstitial plasma protein, interstitial flow, and fenestral filtration and its application to synovium. | an analysis of the interstitial flow of a protein solution is presented, based on physical interactions with extracellular matrix biopolymers. previous models were extended by incorporation of three features--(a) interstitial osmotic reflection coefficients and attendant partial molecular sieving, (b) the effect of solute exclusion on apparent intramatrix fluid viscosity, and (c) the effect of discrete capillary porosity on near-pore oncotic and hydraulic gradients. the principles were applied t ... | 1994 | 8022316 |
| experimental transmission of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus by west african wild ground-feeding birds to hyalomma marginatum rufipes ticks. | hyalomma (h.) marginatum rufipes ticks commonly infest birds and are potential vectors of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) virus in west africa. an experimental model for investigating the role of birds in the cchf virus transmission cycle was developed. following cchf virus inoculation, antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in one red-beaked hornbill and one glossy starling, but not in two laughing doves and six domestic chickens. none of the birds showed a detecta ... | 1994 | 8024058 |
| length-dependent modulation of ang ii inotropism in rat myocardium: effects of myocardial infarction. | to determine whether changes in sarcomere length affect the inotropic response of the heart to angiotensin ii (ang ii) differently in dilated and failing myocardium, papillary muscles were removed 2 days after infarction, and the effects of ang ii were studied at various muscle lengths. myocardial infarction, which averaged 52% of the left ventricle inclusive of the interventricular septum, was characterized hemodynamically by left ventricular failure and right ventricular dysfunction. ang ii ad ... | 1994 | 8141379 |