Publications

[infective endocarditis caused by unusual microorganisms].	all series of infective endocarditis had a variable proportion of cases without an etiologic agent because all cultures were negative. new microbiologic techniques have permitted the discovery of the role of many microorganisms in infective endocarditis. c. burnetii is an increasing causative agent of subacute infective endocarditis. in the diagnosis, to the detection of antiphase-i antibodies, immunohistochemical, molecular techniques and cellular cultures have been added. total cure is difficu ...	1998	9658953
[catheter infection by mycoplasma hominis in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia].		1998	9666596
the possible role of anaerobic bacteria in chronic prostatitis.	prostatis, the most common urological disease in men, afflicts between 25 and 50% of all adult men. four clinical categories are recognized: acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis, non-bacterial prostatitis and prostatodynia. the role of gram-positive aerobic bacteria and the different anaerobes in chronic bacterial prostatitis is still a matter of debate. during this study, the urethral discharge and the prostatic fluid obtained after prostatic massage of 50 patients with chronic prostatitis, ...	1998	9669200
chlamydia trachomatis: probable cause of prostatitis.	seventy-eight men with symptoms of chronic or subacute prostatitis were enrolled. investigations for the presence of chlamydia trachomatis in urethral swabs were carried out. the expressed prostatic secretions were additionally examined for mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, gardnerella vaginalis, other gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, trichomonas vaginalis, yeast-like fungi and leucocyte count. furthermore, all patients were evaluated for the presence of serum anti-chlamydial ...	1998	9671250
the in vitro simulation of mycoplasma hominis isolation using supplemented culture media in the bactec 9000 series blood culture system.		1998	9684411
cloning and nucleotide sequences of the topoisomerase iv parc and pare genes of mycoplasma hominis.	the topoisomerase iv parc and pare genes from the wall-less organism mycoplasma hominis pg21 were cloned and sequenced. the coupled genes are located far from the dna gyrase genes gyra and gyrb. they encode proteins of 639 and 866 amino acids, respectively. as expected, the encoded pare and parc proteins exhibit higher homologies with the topoisomerase iv subunits of the gram-positive bacteria staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pneumoniae than with their escherichia coli counterparts. the c ...	1998	9687401
the mycoplasma hominis vaa gene displays a mosaic gene structure.	mycoplasma hominis contains a variable adherence-associated (vaa) gene. to classify variants of the vaa genes, we examined 42 m. hominis isolated by pcr, dna sequencing and immunoblotting. this uncovered the existence of five gene categories. comparison of the gene types revealed a modular composition of the vaa proteins. the proteins constituted a conserved n-terminal part followed by a varying number of interchangeable cassettes encoding approximately 110 amino acids with conserved sequences b ...	1998	9701806
comparison of polymerase chain reaction assay with culture for detection of genital mycoplasmas in perinatal infections.	the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique was compared with culture for the detection of ureaplasma urealyticum, mycoplasma hominis, and mycoplasma genitalium in clinical samples (vaginal secretions, throat and endotracheal secretions, and skin swabs) obtained from 47 high-risk pregnant women peripartum and eight newborn infants. detection using pcr with homologous primers was highly specific, as a product with the expected length was consistently amplified with homologous but not with heter ...	1998	9707308
medical significance of mycoplasmas.		1998	9711635
detection of mycoplasmas in urethral swabs from hiv-1 infected patients and control individuals using culture techniques and polymerase chain reaction.	the objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of certain mycoplasma species, i.e., mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma penetrans, in urethral swabs from hiv-1 infected patients compared to swabs from a control group. mycoplasmas were detected by routine culture techniques and by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique, using 16srrna generic primers of conserved region and mycoplasma penetrans specific primers. the positivity rates obtained with th ...	1998	9713129
conservation of the amino-terminal epitope of elongation factor tu in eubacteria and archaea.	an epitope of elongation factor tu (ef-tu), which is found in organisms in both the bacterial and archaeal domains, was recently defined by mab 900. to localize the conserved epitope within the ef-tu molecule and to determine its sequence, spotscan analysis of synthetic peptides, western blot analysis of purified ef-tu domains and site-directed mutagenesis studies were used. analysis of mab 900 binding to overlapping 15-mer peptides encompassing the complete sequence of ef-tu of escherichia coli ...	1998	9720046
preterm birth: associations with genital and possibly oral microflora.	opportunistic pathogenic microbes are indigenous to the female lower genital tract and etiologic in many types of pelvic infections and, apparently, a portion of preterm birth (ptb) cases. bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a clinical syndrome based on an altered genital microflora in which gardnerella vaginalis; anaerobic species primarily among prevotella, porphyromonas, bacteroides, peptostreptococcus, and mobiluncus; mycoplasma hominis; and ureaplasma urealyticum become predominant in vaginal secre ...	1998	9722706
mycoplasma contamination of chlamydia pneumoniae isolates.	we examined 6 c. pneumonia isolates from the american type culture collection (atcc) and 2 finnish isolates for mycoplasma contamination. three of the atcc isolates and both of the finnish isolates were mycoplasma-contaminated. the contaminants were characterized by means of growth in bea and beg media, immunoblotting, polymerase chain reaction and pulsed field gel electrophoresis. two of the 6 atcc isolates [atcc vr1355 (twar strain 2043) and atcc vr1356 (twar strain 2023)] were infected with m ...	1998	9730308
dna sequencing reveals limited heterogeneity in the 16s rrna gene from the rrnb operon among five mycoplasma hominis isolates.	to investigate the intraspecies heterogeneity within the 16s rrna gene of mycoplasma hominis, five isolates with diverse antigenic profiles, variable/identical p120 hypervariable domains, and different 16s rrna gene rflp patterns were analysed. the 16s rrna gene from the rrnb operon was amplified by pcr and the pcr products were sequenced. three isolates had identical 16s rrna sequences and two isolates had sequences that differed from the others by only one nucleotide.	1998	9734066
alterations in topoisomerase iv and dna gyrase in quinolone-resistant mutants of mycoplasma hominis obtained in vitro.	mycoplasma hominis mutants were selected stepwise for resistance to ofloxacin and sparfloxacin, and their gyra, gyrb, parc, and pare quinolone resistance-determining regions were characterized. for ofloxacin, four rounds of selection yielded six first-, six second-, five third-, and two fourth-step mutants. the first-step mutants harbored a single asp426-->asn substitution in pare. gyra changes (ser83-->leu or trp) were found only from the third round of selection. with sparfloxacin, three round ...	1998	9736554
[detection using molecular biology techniques of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum in urogenital samples].	mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum are species closely related to urogenital diseases such as pyelonephritis, nongonococcal urethritis, urinary calculi, epididymitis, pelvic inflammation, infertility, abortions and post-delivery fever. they can also cause pneumonia and meningitis in newborn infants. in this paper we used nucleic acid hybridization and polymerase chain reaction to analyze 22 samples from patients with different urogenital symptoms in order to detect mycoplasmas and ure ...	1998	9744030
ultrasonographic assessment of the uterine cervix and interleukin-8 concentrations in cervical secretions predict intrauterine infection in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes.	interleukin-8 concentrations in cervical secretions have been related to microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and histological chorioamnionitis. since a short uterine cervix may be a risk factor for intrauterine infection, we set out to determine the interrelationship between cervical-secretion interleukin-8 concentration, cervical length measured by transvaginal sonography and intrauterine infection in women with preterm labor and intact membranes.	1998	9744050
elevated amniotic fluid interleukin-6 as a predictor of neonatal periventricular leukomalacia and intraventricular hemorrhage.	> objective: to investigate the relationship between amniotic fluid interleukin-6 levels and the development of periventricular leukomalacia and intraventricular hemorrhage in the preterm neonate and to compare the value of amniotic fluid interleukin-6 with amniotic fluid culture and histologic chorioamnionitis in the prediction of periventricular leukomalacia and intraventricular hemorrhage. methods: 119 women, between 20 and 34 weeks gestation, in preterm labor with intact membranes, underwent ...	1998	9745094
absence of phospholipase a2 activity in genital mycoplasma hominis.	the clinical relevance of vaginal colonization with mycoplasma hominis (m hominis) as a cause of prematurity is doubtful. one of the possible pathways which could explain the role of m hominis in the induction of preterm labour is an increased synthesis of prostaglandins by a phospholipase a2 activity. the aim of this study was to prove whether m hominis secrets proteins with a pla2 activity and to test whether there are strain differences in the enzyme activity between m hominis isolated from w ...	1998	9773381
multiplex pcr for the detection of mycoplasma fermentans, m. hominis and m. penetrans in cell cultures and blood samples of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.	a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was initially developed to detect the presence of mycoplasma genus dna sequences in cell cultures and to differentiate between three human pathogenic mycoplasma species simultaneously. the assay in turn, proved to be a useful tool for the detection of mycoplasma infection in human dna samples. one set of oligonucleotide primers which are specific for a highly conserved region among all members of the genus mycoplasma along with three other primer sets ...	1998	9778455
mycoplasma hominis parasitism of trichomonas vaginalis.		1998	9788469
dna analysis for phospholipase a2 coding sequences of mycoplasma hominis isolated from women with a normal pregnancy and women with a pregnancy complicated by preterm labour.	a possible cause of preterm labour is an increased synthesis of prostaglandins by a phospholipase a2 (pla2) activity. pla2 activity has been detected in mycoplasma hominis. the aim of this study was to test whether chromosomal dna of m. hominis contains sequences coding for pla2. m. hominis was cultured in specimens from 5 women with normal pregnancy and 4 in preterm labour. using sequence alignment, primer pairs for the active part of pla2 of different species were designed for pcr analysis. no ...	1998	9789649
cloning and expression of p60, a conserved surface-localized protein of mycoplasma hominis, in escherichia coli.	the clp60 gene encoding p60, a conserved lipoprotein of mycoplasma hominis, was cloned and sequenced from both the type strain pg21 and the isolate fbg. both open reading frames were identical in length, comprising 1746 nucleotides. the deduced amino acid sequences differed in 16 out of 582 amino acids. as expected, none of these divergences mapped within the epitope that was recognized by mab cg4 in all of the 198 isolates of m. hominis analyzed so far. this conserved epitope was narrowed down ...	1998	9792448
genital mycoplasmas stimulate tumor necrosis factor-alpha and inducible nitric oxide synthase production from a murine macrophage cell line.	ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis, two genital mycoplasmas, are the most common organisms isolated in the perinatal period and both either cause or are associated with poor perinatal outcomes. we speculate that these microbes could increase inflammation by stimulating macrophages to produce tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) and inducible nitric oxide synthase because of their propensity to interact with the host's immune system. to test this hypothesis, raw 264.7 cells, a murin ...	1998	9803463
exogenous bovine surfactant suppresses tumor necrosis factor-alpha release by murine macrophages stimulated by genital mycoplasmas.	tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) is a proinflammatory cytokine that appears to play a significant role in the development of neonatal chronic lung disease (cld). inflammation and cld are also associated with respiratory tract colonization with genital mycoplasmas. the possible protective roles of surfactant in mitigating the inflammatory response to these microbes were investigated. murine raw 264.7 macrophages were preincubated with an exogenous surfactant and exposed overnight to steril ...	1998	9806043
vaginal flora changes associated with mycoplasma hominis.		1998	9500509
therapy of bacterial vaginosis.		1998	9511031
mycoplasma hominis expresses two variants of a cell-surface protein, one a lipoprotein, and one not.	a protein similar to the previously characterized variable surface-exposed membrane protein p120 was identified (p120'), establishing that mycoplasma hominis pg21 possesses a novel gene family. the gene, p120', was sequenced and found to have some distinctive properties including a putative start codon of gtg, rather than the common atg codon, and a coding region with a high g + c content, characteristic of essential housekeeping genes in mycoplasmas. no sequence homology was found to known prot ...	1998	9534245
few microorganisms associated with bacterial vaginosis may constitute the pathologic core: a population-based microbiologic study among 3596 pregnant women.	to evaluate the association between various microorganisms isolated from the genital tract in pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis.	1998	9539529
sequences of the 16s rrna genes and phylogeny of the goat mycoplasmas mycoplasma adleri, mycoplasma auris, mycoplasma cottewii and mycoplasma yeatsii.	the nucleotide sequences of the 16s rrna genes from the type strains of four goat mycoplasmas, mycoplasma adleri, mycoplasma auris, mycoplasma cottewii and mycoplasma yeatsii, were determined by direct solid-phase dna sequencing. polymorphisms were found in two of the 16s rrna gene sequences, showing the existence of two different rrna operons. three polymorphisms were found in m. adleri, and one was found in m. yeatsii. the sequence information was used for the construction of phylogenetic tree ...	1998	9542096
[severe genital mycoplasma infection following cesarean section].	authors report a serious case of post-caesarean delivery endometritis caused, probably exclusively, by genital mycoplasmas: ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis. the initial treatment of the patient with various penicillins, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, metronidazole and nystatine proved ineffective. subsequently, as microbiological tests turned out positive for genital mycoplasmas, a therapy of doxycyclin was introduced and a full recovery could be attained. authors' experience is consiste ...	1998	9545798
microbiology of acute arthropathies among children in argentina: mycoplasma pneumoniae and hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum.	to describe the isolation of mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas from synovial fluid in pediatric patients with joint disorders.	1998	9576384
[appearance of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6 in amniotic fluid during labor and in intrauterine pathogen colonization].	subclinical intrauterine infections have been proposed to be one of the leading causes of preterm labor. the determination of inflammatory cytokines il-1 beta and il-6 in the amniotic fluid may be useful to identify women who have infection-associated preterm labor. amniotic fluid was collected from 99 women during amniocentesis, during cesarean section or at the time of amniotomy using sterile technique. il-1 beta and il-6 were determined by a specific elisa. fluid of each sample was cultured f ...	1998	9577917
rubella virus and chronic joint disease: is there an association?	synovial fluid samples and/or biopsies from 79 patients with various chronic inflammatory joint diseases or traumatic joint injury were tested for rubella virus (rv) in order to confirm or refute results from other studies that suggested rv as a cause of chronic inflammatory joint disease. sixty-eight of the 72 patients tested had rv antibodies. rv rna was detected by reverse transcription-pcr in the synovial fluid cells from two patients. rv was also isolated by cell culture from the synovial f ...	1998	9817866
[formation of m. hominis and a. laidlawii resistance to fluoroquinolones].	mycoplasma hominis and acholeplasma laidlawii cultures resistant to antibacterial fluoroquinolone drugs ciprofloxacin (cpf), ofloxacin (ofl), and lomefloxacin (lmf) were prepared by selection in liquid nutrient medium with ascending concentrations of cpf. resistant mycoplasma clones contained point mutations in the gyrase. a gene region determining quinolone resistance (qrdr gyra): m. hominis contained c-->t transition resulting in substitution of ser(83) for leu and a. laidlawii g-->a resulting ...	1998	9819821
complications of abortion performed under local anesthesia.	to assess the incidence of complications of abortion performed under local anesthesia.	1998	9846716
truncation as a novel form of variation of the p50 gene in mycoplasma hominis.	a characteristic feature of the mycoplasmas is the presence of variable surface proteins which may play an important role in the adaptation of the cell-wall-less organisms to their host environments. in addition, this antigen variation may be an important pathogenic property of the organism. the ubiquity of the gene encoding p50, an adhesin of mycoplasma hominis fbg, and its transcription were analysed in different isolates of m. hominis. the p50 gene was present in all isolates tested. based on ...	1998	9846733
association of genital mycoplasma colonization with low birth weight.	this study was conducted to document the prevalence of maternal genital tract colonization by ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis, and to assess its association with low birth weight (lbw) and prematurity.	1998	9856315
mycoplasma hominis parasitism of trichomonas vaginalis.		1998	9872279
antigenic and genomic homogeneity of successive mycoplasma hominis isolates.	sixty mycoplasma hominis isolates were obtained from the cervices of pregnant women and from the ears or pharynges of their newborn babies. the isolates were examined by sds-page and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. antigenic and genomic profiles were obtained for 16 series with two or more successive isolates. both analyses led to the conclusion that isolates from the same woman were identical or nearly identical, while isolates from different women exhibited a high degree of variation with re ...	1998	9877186
two patients with premature labour associated with mycoplasma hominis infection.	because several reports have suggested that bacterial vaginosis causes premature labour and early rupture of the fetal membranes, the presence of a bacterial flora that causes bacterial vaginosis is thought to be a risk factor for premature labour. the present study investigated two patients with premature delivery and intra-uterine mycoplasma hominis infection. in microbiological studies, gram's staining of amniotic fluids revealed numerous neutrophils and epithelial cells but no micro-organism ...	1998	9879962
[rokitamycin in the treatment of female genital chlamydia and mycoplasma infections. comparative study vs josamycin ].	the macrolides are among the most effective antibiotics against infections due to chlamydia and mycoplasma. the drug in such cases must have marked antibacterial activity, good oral bioavailability, and high intracellular diffusion--indispensable for instance with chlamydia infection. rokitamycin, a macrolide with a 16-atom lactone ring, has the features for use in the treatment of genital infections caused by chlamydia or mycoplasma, penetrating the cell and reaching considerably higher concent ...	1998	9882991
ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis isolation from cervical secretions of pregnant women and nasopharyngeal secretions of their babies at delivery.	a prospective study was carried out at the university hospital, kuala lumpur to determine the cervical carriage rate of ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis among healthy pregnant women at delivery and the incidence of nasopharyngeal colonisation among their infants.	1998	9885690
[survey of sexually transmitted diseases in the region of rio cuarto].	sexually transmitted diseases (std) are acquired mainly through sexual intercourse, being one of the most frequent groups of infectious diseases worldwide and consequently an important public health problem. the aim of this paper was to determine the current state of std and to compare different diagnostic methods in the population studied. a total of 1060 samples from vaginal flows, endocervical material and urethral discharge were studied during 3 years. of the total samples, 583 were positive ...	1998	9922478
[detecting ureaplasma urealyticum, mycoplasma hominis and mycoplasma genitalium in the urogenital tract].	to epidemiological study of ureaplasma urealyticum (uu), mycoplasma hominis (mh) and mycoplasma genitalium (mg) in the urogenital tract of different groups of people.	1997	9596936
a review of the in-vitro activity of quinupristin/dalfopristin against intracellular pathogens and mycoplasmas.	quinupristin/dalfopristin displays in-vitro bacteriostatic activity against all legionella spp. (mics = 0.06-2 mg/l), with legionella pneumophila usually being at least two-fold more sensitive to quinupristin/dalfopristin than legionella bozemanii, legionella dumoffii, legionella gormanii and legionella micdadei (mic = 0.06-2 vs 1-2 mg/l, respectively). against legionella spp., quinupristin/dalfopristin was at least as active as erythromycin. quinupristin/dalfopristin was active in vitro against ...	1997	9511064
characterization of mycoplasma hominis mutations involved in resistance to fluoroquinolones.	fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants of mycoplasma hominis were selected in vitro from the pg21 susceptible reference strain either by multistep selection on increasing concentrations of various fluoroquinolones or by one-step selection on agar medium with ofloxacin. the quinolone resistance-determining regions (qrdr) of the structural genes encoding the a and b subunits of dna gyrase were amplified by pcr, and the nucleotide sequences of eight multistep-selected resistant strains were compared to ...	1997	9021178
vaginal flora changes associated with mycoplasma hominis.	the aim of this study was to investigate any association between vaginal carriage of mycoplasma hominis and genital signs and symptoms, other microbial findings, and some risk behavior factors in women with and without bacterial vaginosis.	1997	9024109
[detection and analysis of mycoplasma in 400 cases of genitourinary infection in wuhan area].	mycoplasmas were examined by cultured in the urogenital secreta and the midpieceurine from 400 cases (88 men and 312 women) of genitourinary infection and 119 cases (positive rate 29.75%) of genitourinary infection in wuhan area. the positive rates of ureaplasma urealyticum (uu) and mycoplasma hominis (mh) were 24.75% and 8.75% respectively. the authors also studied the infection rates of neisseria gonorrheae, fungus and trichomonad by cultures and microscopic findings. the positive rates of nei ...	1997	9812505
[inflammatory smears in cervicovaginal cytology. a finding meaning infection?].	inflammatory changes are relatively frequent findings in cervical smears and are generally believed to be a consequence of genital infection. however, clinical signs of infection are frequently absent and no consensus exists on the management of these patients. the objective of this study was to assess whether or not inflammatory smears are exclusively a consequence of genital infection. for this purpose, the prevalence of genital infection in a group of women with inflammatory cells in the cerv ...	1997	9477586
[new data on the etiological factors in acute pyelonephritis].	spectrum of microbe agents of acute pyelonephritis has been studied. it is shown that mycoplasma hominis plays an important role in etiology of acute pyelonephritis besides the already known enterobacteria and gram-positive cocci. it is also established that mycoplasmal pyelonephritis more often develops in patients with the diseases of urinary blade (cystitis) and genital organs. results of serological investigations which confirm etiological role of isolated microorganisms in the initiation of ...	1997	9480016
the in-vitro activity of grepafloxacin against chlamydia spp., mycoplasma spp., ureaplasma urealyticum and legionella spp.	the activity of grepafloxacin, a new orally active fluoroquinolone, was compared with the activities of ofloxacin, clarithromycin and doxycycline against chlamydia pneumoniae, chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma pneumoniae, mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum, and with the activities of ofloxacin, clarithromycin and rifampicin against legionella spp. grepafloxacin (mic range 0.06-0.12 mg/l) was some 8-16 times more active than ofloxacin against the chlamydiae, showing activity similar to ...	1997	9484871
high rates of genital mycoplasma infection in the highlands of papua new guinea determined both by culture and by a commercial detection kit.	duplicate vaginal swabs were collected from 100 women, and comparisons were made between an in-house broth-agar culture system and a commercially available kit, the mycoplasma ist kit (biomérieux), for the detection of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum. there was good agreement between the two systems for detection of the genital mycoplasmas in terms of sensitivity, with values of > 92% being obtained. in terms of specificity, the mutual comparisons were less favorable, though specif ...	1997	8968907
a fatal case of mycoplasma hominis meningoencephalitis in a full-term newborn.	we report the case of a 20-day-old full-term baby, born to a mother who had had an uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery, who died 13 days after the onset of meningitis. mycoplasma hominis was the sole agent repeatedly recovered from cerebrospinal fluid and from postmortem brain tissue.	1997	8968928
the mycoplasma hominis p120 membrane protein contains a 216 amino acid hypervariable domain that is recognized by the human humoral immune response.	in the antigenically heterogeneous species mycoplasma hominis a monoclonal antibody, mab 26.7d, was previously found to recognize a 120 kda polypeptide from m. hominis 7488. this antibody did not react with the type strain pg21. the homologous gene from m. hominis pg21 was cloned and sequenced and found to have a sequence identity of 91% with the gene of strain 7488. one hypervariable and two semivariable regions were detected. the epitope for mab 26.7d was mapped to the hypervariable domain by ...	1997	9043143
mycoplasma hominis meningitis complicating head trauma: case report and review.		1997	9114165
extragenital mycoplasma hominis infection in two liver transplant recipients.		1997	9114209
surgical infections with mycoplasma: a brief review.	mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum are common inhabitants of the human genital tract. evidence for an aetiological role in pyelonephritis, pelvic inflammatory disease, post-abortion and post-partum fever has been presented. there are sporadic reports of mycoplasma causing serious extragenital infection such as septicemia, septic arthritis, neonatal meningitis and encephalitis. we review 38 cases of surgical infections with mycoplasma.	1997	9114682
[urogenital infections linked to chlamydia and mycoplasmas].	chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for urogenital infections, often minimally symptomatic, revealed by their complications. mycoplasmas, mainly ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis, are normal commensal organisms of the genital tract, which sometimes makes it difficult to determine their pathogenicity. however, they are responsible for urogenital infections, and u. urealyticum is a pathogen in male urethris. the laboratory diagnosis is based on specific techniques adapted to these mic ...	1997	9116732
systematic detection of mycoplasmas by culture and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) procedures in 209 synovial fluid samples.	the objective was to investigate the presence of mycoplasmas in rheumatoid arthritis (ra) and other chronic arthritides. samples of synovial fluid (sf) were systematically collected from all patients presenting with an articular effusion. each sample was divided into three parts. the first was kept for cytological count and culture on standard media for pyogens and mycobacteria, the second was cultivated on specific media for mycoplasmas and the third frozen for subsequent study by polymerase ch ...	1997	9133961
evaluation of the etest for detection of tetracycline resistance in mycoplasma hominis.	the etest was compared with microbroth dilution for performing in vitro susceptibility tests in 38 isolates of mycoplasma hominis chosen to represent a wide range of mic values. mic50s were 4 micrograms/ml for both methods; whereas, mic90s were 64 and > 256 micrograms/ml for broth and etest, respectively. etest mics determined on sp 4 agar were usually two or more dilutions greater than microbroth mics in sp 4 broth, and values were prone to change by one to two dilutions when different inoculum ...	1997	9154407
what is normal vaginal flora?	to observe the composition of the vaginal flora of healthy women over time, and in relation to hormonal changes, sexual activity, and hygiene habits.	1997	9155551
isolation of mycoplasma hominis from a brain abscess.	mycoplasma hominis is a commensal in the genital tract of women and has been associated with urogenital and extragenital infections. however, central nervous system infections with this organism in adults are very rare. here we describe the recovery of m. hominis from a brain abscess associated with a postpartum infection. seroconversion to the isolated strain was detected by both a metabolic inhibition test and an immunoblotting assay. this case demonstrates the pathogenic potential of m. homin ...	1997	9157171
molecular characterization of a gene encoding a membrane protein of spiroplasma citri.	a 9.6-kb genomic dna segment, previously cloned from the phytopathogen spiroplasma citri br3-3x [fletcher et al. (1981) phytopathology 71, 1073-1080], contained several open reading frames including one encoding a 58-kda protein. in this work, the transcription initiation site of the p58 mrna was mapped and part of the gene was expressed in escherichia coli as a fusion protein. a synthetic peptide, whose sequence is included in the fusion protein, was produced. antibodies against both the fusion ...	1997	9161418
[screening of sexually transmitted diseases (mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum and chlamydia trachomatis) in young women].	the author searched for sexually transmitted ureaplasma urealyticum, mycoplasma hominis and chlamydia trachomatis infection among young females under 30. out of the 400 women examined (including 86 primigravidas) 46 percent, and out of the pregnant women 52.3 percent proved to be colonized by one of the above pathogens. 11 percent carried mycoplasma hominis, 44.75 percent ureaplasma urealyticum and 7.75 percent chlamydia trachomatis. positivity was more frequent among those having several partne ...	1997	9173376
[mycoplasma hominis. a rare causative agent of acute pyelonephritis].	a 23-year-old woman was admitted with typical signs of an acute urinary tract infection: fever, pain on tapping over both renal areas and in both flanks, urgency and dysuria. she had a history of renal colic with spontaneous passage of a renal stone.	1997	9190301
[electron microscopic and immunomorphologic study of the placenta in genital mycoplasmosis].	peculiar ultrastructural features allowed the authors to reveal m. homminis corpuscles in placental tissues of women with genital mycoplasmosis. mycoplasma was found in the amniotic epithelium, chorionic plate, in the lumen of villous capillaries, this showing possible hematogenic way of the infection from mother to fetus. in the placenta of women with genital mycoplasmosis immunopathological processes develop in association with formation of pathogenic immune complexes (pic) that are fixing the ...	1997	9206953
mycoplasma infection and rheumatoid arthritis: analysis of their relationship using immunoblotting and an ultrasensitive polymerase chain reaction detection method.	to examine the relationship between infection with mycoplasma and the development of rheumatoid arthritis (ra) and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (jra).	1997	9214421
mycoplasma in urine and blood following catheterisation of patients undergoing vascular surgery.	the purpose of this investigation was to determine if mycoplasmas enter the bloodstream after urinary tract catheterisation in patients undergoing vascular surgery in order to evaluate the efficiency of the routine prophylactic antibiotic treatment.	1997	9267343
molecular biology of mycoplasma.	mycoplasmas are the smallest free living microorganisms with the smallest genome. the g+c content is in general low (25-33%) and the coding capacity is about 600 proteins. mycoplasma species are phylogenetically related, they use the genetic codon uga for tryptophan, and show rapid evolution, with a high rate of divergence. the genomes of mycoplasma genitalium and mycoplasma pneumoniae have been fully sequenced. striking features of the m. genitalium sequencing project are the presence of a high ...	1997	9286059
genital mycoplasma infections.	since 1937, 13 mycoplasma species, two acholeplasma species, and one ureaplasma species have been isolated from humans. six of these have the urogenital tract as the primary site of colonisation but others, which have the oropharynx and respiratory tract as the primary site, are found occasionally in the urogenital tract because of orogenital contact. mycoplasma hominis was the first to be isolated and is most strongly associated with bacterial vaginosis (bv), together with a variety of other ba ...	1997	9286063
mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum in patients with sexually transmitted diseases.	mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum can be isolated with considerable frequency from the human urogenital tract and are thought to cause various syndromes such as nongonococcal urethritis, pelvic inflammatory disease, pyelonephritis or infertility. the aim of this study was the evaluation of the presence of different genital pathogens in patients with sexually transmitted diseases (std) and, in particular, the detection of mycoplasmas in individuals infected with genital microbes and a ...	1997	9286064
[bacterial flora of genital organs in women treated for infertility].	bacterial flora in 72 women suffering from infertility was assessed. the medium age of women was 28.9 years (22-37) and the duration of infertility-5.5 years (2-15). cultures were taken during laparoscopy (65) or microsurgery (7) from vagina, cervical canal and the fallopian tubes. specific cultures for anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, n. gonorrhoeae, c. trachomatis and mycoplasma hominis were taken. in the specimens from fallopian tubes 21 species of bacteria were cultured. the most often coagul ...	1997	9296942
in-vitro susceptibilities of mycoplasma pneumoniae, mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum to clinafloxacin, pd 131628, ciprofloxacin and comparator drugs.		1997	9302005
detection of urogenital mycoplasmal infections in primates by use of polymerase chain reaction.	urogenital mycoplasmal infections could affect use of primates as models for reproductive system studies and could affect reproduction in captive primates, but could be useful as animal models of similar human infections. we conducted a pilot study to assess detection of urogenital mycoplasmal infections in primates by use of polymerase chain reaction (pcr). healthy animals were anesthetized, and vaginal, cervical, or endometrial and urethral swab specimens were collected from females and males, ...	1997	9355087
localized reversible frameshift mutation in an adhesin gene confers a phase-variable adherence phenotype in mycoplasma.	the variable adherence-associated (vaa) antigen of mycoplasma hominis is an abundant surface lipoprotein adhesin that may mediate important interactions of this wall-less prokaryotic pathogen with the human host. extensive mutational variation of vaa size, as well as sequence and antigenic divergence, has been described previously. using a series of clonal isolates representing an isogenic lineage of variants oscillating in vaa expression, vaa is further shown in this study to undergo high-frequ ...	1997	9364912
mycoplasma hominis pneumonia complicating bilateral lung transplantation: case report and review of the literature.	mycoplasma hominis is a commensal of humans. the organism has been predominantly associated with infections of the genitourinary tract. extragenital infections have been described in neonates, in women during the postpartum period, and in immunocompromised patients. pneumonia caused by m. hominis is very rare. this report describes the development of m. hominis pneumonia in a lung transplantation recipient and underscores the difficulty in establishing the correct diagnosis and the need for earl ...	1997	9367488
[the role of chlamydia trachomatis infections in women with urinary tract diseases].	the aim of our study was to determine the incidence of chlamydia trachomatis (c. trachomatis) infections and its role in the etiopathogenesis of urinary tract infections in women. we studied 68 women, who where divided into two groups (i-with urethral syndrome, ii-with other urologic diseases). with the use of direct diagnostic methods (immunofluorescence method, tissue culture) c. trachomatis infection was found in 25/68 (36.8%) women. in the group of women with urethral syndrome the percentage ...	1997	9377664
induction of neutrophil chemoattractant cytokines by mycoplasma hominis in alveolar type ii cells.	bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd) is a chronic lung disease of premature infants who are mechanically ventilated due to respiratory distress. the disease consists of an initial inflammatory influx of neutrophils to the lungs, followed by long-term chronic fibrosis of the lung tissue. the antigenic repertoire that initiates the inflammatory component of bpd has not been defined. furthermore, the repertoire of cytokines responsible for attracting neutrophils to the lung and the mediators of pathoge ...	1997	9393806
a gtp-binding protein of mycoplasma hominis: a small sized homolog to the signal recognition particle receptor ftsy.	a protein homologous to the escherichia coli ftsy which in turn has characteristics in common with the alpha-subunit of the eukaryotic signal recognition particle receptor (sralpha) in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, was identified in mycoplasma hominis and its encoding dna sequenced. the aa similarity to e. coli ftsy and b. subtilis ftsy was 38% and 51%, respectively. the protein was synthesized in e. coli, purified and shown to bind gtp. subcellular localization studies revealed tha ...	1997	9409769
septic arthritis by mycoplasma hominis: a case report and review of the medical literature.		1997	9462180
[presence of urogenital mycoplasma in fertile women].		1997	9522530
prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of ureaplasma urealyticum in malaysian neonates with respiratory distress.	ureaplasma urealyticum was isolated from the endotracheal aspirates of 39 (21.4%) of 182 neonates with respiratory distress requiring ventilatory support. mycoplasma hominis was isolated from one (0.5%) neonate. bacterial cultures were negative in 123 (67.6%) neonates. antibiotic susceptibility test carried out on ten isolates of u. urealyticum showed that all the organisms were sensitive to erythromycin but resistant to lincomycin and sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim. all, except one, u. urealytic ...	1997	10968119
bacterial vaginosis and lower genital tract infections in women attending out-patient clinics at a tertiary institution serving a developing community.	the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and other lower genital tract infections were determined in women from a developing community. patients were recruited from four out-patient clinics of a large urban tertiary referral hospital serving the indigent black population of kwazulu/natal, south africa. a total of 208 women attending the sexually transmitted diseases (std) (n = 51), colposcopy (n =50), family planning (n = 52) and antenatal (n = 55) clinics were investigated. endocervical and vagina ...	1997	15511815
genital infection in males with idiopathic infertility.	we investigated a group of male patients with idiopathic infertility to determine the presence of genital infection and to identify the pattern of this infection using a specially designed protocol. a prospective study was carried out on 63 patients and 23 controls. we cultured the first voided urine, semen and swabs taken from the anterior urethra of these patients and controls for bacteria, chlamydia. ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis. two techniques were used for chlamydial isolat ...	1996	17372403
significance of genital mycoplasmas in pelvic inflammatory disease: innocent bystander!	our objective was to determine the role of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum in pelvic inflammatory disease (pid).	1996	18476105
role of genital mycoplasmas in bacteremia: should we be routinely culturing for these organisms?	objective: the purpose of this study was to examine the role of the genital mycoplasmas mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum as causes of bacteremia in a tertiary referral obstetrical, gynecological, and neonatal intensive care facility, over a period of 12 years from 1983 to 1994 inclusively.methods: all clinically significant blood cultures were reviewed and the percentage of septicemic episodes for genital mycoplasmas was compared to the total isolation rate, including conventional b ...	1996	18476120
[microbial associations in trichomonas urethritis].	the results on isolation of associated microflora from 190 patients suffering from trichomonas urethritis are given. microorganisms belonged to the species: mycoplasma hominis. ureaplasma urealyticum. streptococcus pyogenes. escherichia coli. klebsiella pneumoniae. proteus mirabilis. moraxella lacunata. acinetobacter calcoaceticus and candida. staphylococcus cultures which were isolated from 100% patients belonged to 8 species: staphylococcus aureus, s. intermedius, s. haemolyticus, s. epidermid ...	1996	8983524
detection of mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum in women sexually active or not.	genital mycoplasmas play an important role in genitourinary tract disease. the purpose of this study was to isolate m. hominis and u. urealyticum from vaginal and throat swabs and urine from women sexually active or not. samples were taken from women with (cases) or without (controls) genitourinary tract disease and were dipped inoculated into 1 ml of e broth with arginine or urea and ten-fold dilutions were done. samples were incubated at 37 degrees c until phenol red indicator changed to color ...	1996	8986107
[the effect of bacterial polysaccharides on the course of a mycoplasma infection].	polysaccharides of clavibacter michiganense have been studied for their effect on mycoplasma infection. it is established that content of t-lymphocytes truthfully increased in the groups of animals whose ps 1 and ps 2 were administered both with protective and medical purpose as compared with that in a group of animals with natural course of mycoplasmosis. under these conditions the effect of polysaccharides on t-helpers were not evidently expressed, while they exerted considerable effect on t-s ...	1996	8991596
isolation of mycoplasma hominis on cdc anaerobic blood agar.		1996	8997570
susceptibilities of mycoplasma pneumoniae, mycoplasma hominis, and ureaplasma urealyticum to a new quinolone, trovafloxacin (cp-99,219).	the susceptibilities of mycoplasmas to a new quinolone, trovafloxacin (cp-99,219), were compared with those to sparfloxacin and ofloxacin. mycoplasma pneumoniae was as susceptible to trovafloxacin (mic = 0.25 microgram/ml) as to sparfloxacin and fourfold less susceptible to ofloxacin. mycoplasma hominis was highly susceptible to trovafloxacin (mic = 0.06 microgram/ml) and sparfloxacin (mic = 0.03 microgram/ml) and less susceptible to ofloxacin (mic = 0.5 microgram/ml). ureaplasma urealyticum was ...	1996	8849228
donor-to-host transmission of mycoplasma hominis in lung allograft recipients.	mycoplasma hominis is a significant pathogen in immunocompromised hosts, particularly organ transplant recipients. we describe two recipients of lung allografts from the same donor who had m. hominis pleuropulmonary infection during the immediate postoperative period. the most likely source of infection in these cases was the donor's respiratory tract. the slow-growing pinpoint colonies formed by m. hominis on routine bacterial culture medium may be easily overlooked and should be subcultured to ...	1996	8852981
phylogeny of some mycoplasmas from ruminants based on 16s rrna sequences and definition of a new cluster within the hominis group.	almost complete (> 96%) 16s rrna sequences from nine ruminant mycoplasmas have been determined by solid-phase dna sequencing. polymorphisms were found in four of the 16s rrna sequences, which indicated the existence of two different rrna operons. seven polymorphisms were found in mycoplasma agalatiae, three were found in mycoplasma bovis, one was found in mycoplasma alkalescens, and one was found in mycoplasma bovirhinis. the sequence data were used for construction of phylogenetic trees. all bu ...	1996	8863441
phylogenetic relationships of the porcine mycoplasmas mycoplasma hyosynoviae and mycoplasma hyopharyngis.	the phylogenetic positions of the porcine mycoplasmas mycoplasma hyosynoviae and mycoplasma hyopharyngis were determined by using pcr-amplified 16s rrna gene sequences. m. hyosynoviae is a member of the mycoplasma hominis group, while m. hyopharyngis belongs to the mycoplasma fermentans group of mollicutes. neither species is closely related to previously characterized porcine mycoplasmas belonging to the mycoplasma hyorhinis group.	1996	8863455
polymerase chain reaction versus culture for detection of ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis in the urogenital tract of adults and the respiratory tract of newborns.	the efficiency of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was compared with that of culture for detection of ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasma hominis in 726 clinical specimens comprising 189 gynecological samples, 362 urological samples, and 175 samples from newborn infants. the sensitivity of pcr versus culture was 95% for both organisms, while the sensitivity of culture versus pcr was 91% for ureaplasma urealyticum and 84% for mycoplasma hominis. furthermore, pcr tests were faster than cultur ...	1996	8874078
isolation of mycoplasma hominis using the bactec 9000 series blood culture system.	mycoplasma hominis has been implicated as an important cause of septicaemia. there have been reported variances in the ability of blood culture systems to support the growth of this organism. in this study the ability of the bactec 9000 series automated system to grow and detect m hominis was assessed. three of five wild m hominis strains grew in the bactec anaerobic plus/f medium but growth was not flagged by the detection mechanism of the system. it is recommended that users of the bactec 9000 ...	1996	8881926
evaluation of commercial kits for quantitative identification and tests on antibiotic susceptibility of genital mycoplasmas.	in this study, commercial media and kits for identification and tests for antibiotic susceptibility of genital mycoplasmas were evaluated in comparison to standardized methods. a total of 298 specimens was routinely enrolled. our results showed that all media corresponded for qualitative and semiquantitative identification with a specificity of 100% for both microorganisms and a sensitivity of 94% for u. urealyticum and of 88% for m. hominis. standard methods were superior to commercial kits for ...	1996	8899972
infections due to species of mycoplasma and ureaplasma: an update.		1996	8909826
sexual risk behaviour in women carriers of mycoplasma hominis.	to study the sexual behaviour of women harbouring mycoplasma hominis in the vagina.	1996	8917001