Publications

susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria in auckland: 1991-1996.	to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of local anaerobic bacteria.	1999	10678225
[results of treatment of deep neck abscesses and phlegmons].	neck, as a structure very closely connected with oral cavity and pharynx, with great number of lymph nodes, (about 2, 3 of all are in the neck), is sometimes a localization of purulent inflammatory process but its incidence is not so high as the incidence of inflammations of surrounding organs and tissue. deep neck abscesses are localized under the upper fascial layer. they have a serious clinical picture which could be further complicated if inflammation spreads on vessels or neck organs. if th ...	1999	10624393
robustness of protein folding kinetics to surface hydrophobic substitutions.	we use both combinatorial and site-directed mutagenesis to explore the consequences of surface hydrophobic substitutions for the folding of two small single domain proteins, the src sh3 domain, and the igg binding domain of peptostreptococcal protein l. we find that in almost every case, destabilizing surface hydrophobic substitutions have much larger effects on the rate of unfolding than on the rate of folding, suggesting that nonnative hydrophobic interactions do not significantly interfere wi ...	1999	10631990
quinupristin/dalfopristin: a review of its use in the management of serious gram-positive infections.	quinupristin/dalfopristin is the first parenteral streptogramin antibacterial agent, and is a 30:70 (w/w) ratio of 2 semisynthetic pristinamycin derivatives. the combination has inhibitory activity against a broad range of gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant staphylococci, vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium (vref), drug-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae, other streptococci, clostridium perfringens and peptostreptococcus spp. the combination also has good activity again ...	1999	10651391
cloning of fiba, encoding an immunogenic subunit of the fibril-like surface structure of peptostreptococcus micros.	although we are currently unaware of its biological function, the fibril-like surface structure is a prominent characteristic of the rough (rg) genotype of the gram-positive periodontal pathogen peptostreptococcus micros. the smooth (sm) type of this species as well as the smooth variant of the rg type (rgsm) lack these structures on their surface. a fibril-specific serum, as determined by immunogold electron microscopy, was obtained through adsorption of a rabbit anti-rg type serum with excess ...	1999	10198013
coaggregation of candida dubliniensis with fusobacterium nucleatum.	the binding of microorganisms to each other and oral surfaces contributes to the progression of microbial infections in the oral cavity. candida dubliniensis, a newly characterized species, has been identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients and other immunocompromised individuals. c. dubliniensis phenotypically resembles candida albicans in many respects yet can be identified and differentiated as a unique candida species by phenotypic and genetic profiles. the purpose of ...	1999	10203506
adherence of peptostreptococcus micros morphotypes to epithelial cells in vitro.	peptostreptococcus micros, which is associated with oral and non-oral mixed anaerobic infections, occurs in three colony morphotypes, the smooth type, the rough type and the smooth variant of the rough type. these types differ in surface structures; the rough type expresses large fibrillar surface appendages, which are absent on the surface of both the smooth and the smooth variant of the rough type. to determine the role of these surface structures in adherence we characterized the adherence of ...	1999	10204480
coagulase-negative staphylococci are the most common bacteria found in cultures from the deep portions of hidradenitis suppurativa lesions, as obtained by carbon dioxide laser surgery.	the significance of bacterial findings in hidradenitis suppurativa (hs) is controversial. interpretation of the results of bacteriological examinations from the surface of hs lesions is obscured by the possible contamination of resident skin bacteria. bacteriological analysis of aspirates from deeper parts of hs is liable to show low sensitivity. we used a carbon dioxide (co2) laser method to evaporate the diseased tissue level by level from the surface downwards, allowing concurrent sampling of ...	1999	10215774
metronidazole susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria associated with periodontal disease.	the aim of the present investigation was to determine the susceptibility of prevotella intermedia, porphyromonas gingivalis, fusobacterium and peptostreptococcus micros to metronidazole in vitro. two methods were applied on each isolated strain: agar dilution and epsilometer etest. a total of fifty three wild test strains (13 p.intermedia, 14 p. gingivalis, 14 f.spp and 12 p.micros) were isolated from patients with periodontitis. the etest appears to be a simple, rapid and reliable method for th ...	1999	10223399
in vitro activities of pazufloxacin, a novel injectable quinolone, against bacteria causing infections in obstetric and gynecological patients.	t-3762 is an injectable new quinolone with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. pazufloxacin (t-3761) is an active form of t-3762. the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) of pazufloxacin for 50% of the clinical isolates tested were 3.13 microg/ml for streptococcus agalactiae, 6.25 microg/ml for gardnerella vaginalis, 0.025 microg/ml for escherichia coli, 0.78 microg/ml for pseudomonas aeruginosa, 6.25 microg/ml for peptostreptococcus magnus, 6.25 microg/ml for bacteroides fragilis an ...	1999	10224336
interactions between a single immunoglobulin-binding domain of protein l from peptostreptococcus magnus and a human kappa light chain.	the placement of a tryptophan residue into a single ig-binding-domain of protein l from peptostreptococcus magnus has been used to examine the binding interactions between the binding domain and kappa light chains (kappa-chains). the fluorescence intensity of the mutant domain increases on the formation of a complex with kappa-chains. this has been used to determine the kd of the complex under a range of conditions by using both pre-equilibrium and equilibrium methods. the kd values determined f ...	1999	10229674
bacterial populations contaminating the upper gut in patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome.	small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (sibos) is characterized by an abnormally high bacterial population level in the upper gut, exceeding 10(5) organisms/ml (5 log colony-forming unit (cfu)/ml). to understand its origin and select an appropriate antibiotic treatment, we have analyzed the bacterial populations contaminating the upper gut in sibos patients.	1999	10235214
the family coriobacteriaceae: reclassification of eubacterium exiguum (poco et al. 1996) and peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens (lanigan 1976) as slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. and slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov., and eubacterium lentum (prevot 1938) as eggerthella lenta gen. nov., comb. nov.	16s rrna gene sequences were determined for eubacterium exiguum and peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens. these species were found to be closely related and, together with eubacterium lentum, to constitute a branch of the coriobacteriaceae. two new genera are proposed on the basis of phenotypic characteristics and 16s rrna gene sequence comparisons: slackia to include the bile-sensitive species eubacterium exiguum and p. heliotrinreducens, and eggerthella to include the bile-resistant eubacteriu ...	1999	10319481
microbiological and clinical effects of a 1% chlorhexidine-gel in untreated periodontal pockets from adult periodontitis patients.	the aim of this study was to report the microbiological and clinical effects of repeated subgingival administration of a 1% chlorhexidine-gel in periodontal pockets from 10 patients with adult periodontitis. results showed that the experimental treatment significantly improved clinical parameters (plaque index, gingival bleeding index, and pocket probing depth). direct subgingival administration of chlorhexidine-gel also produced a remarkable modification in the proportions of putative periodont ...	1999	10322610
prevalence of corynebacterial 16s rrna sequences in patients with bacterial and "nonbacterial" prostatitis.	the etiology of chronic prostatitis syndromes in men is controversial, particularly when positive cultures for established uropathogens are lacking. although identification of bacteria in prostatic fluid has relied on cultivation and microscopy, most microorganisms in the environment, including some human pathogens, are resistant to cultivation. we report here on an rrna-based molecular phylogenetic approach to the identification of bacteria in prostate fluid from prostatitis patients. positive ...	1999	10325338
interference by aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in children with recurrent group a beta-hemolytic streptococcal tonsillitis.	to compare the frequency of recovery of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria with interfering capability of group a beta-hemolytic streptococci (gabhs) in the tonsils of children with and without a history of recurrent gabhs pharyngotonsillitis.	1999	10326813
comparative microbiological characteristics of failing implants and periodontally diseased teeth.	the purpose of this report was to compare the distribution of periodontal pathogens recovered from failing implants and teeth with adult and recurrent forms of periodontitis.	1999	10328655
acid production by vaginal flora in vitro is consistent with the rate and extent of vaginal acidification.	perinatally, and between menarche and menopause, increased levels of estrogen cause large amounts of glycogen to be deposited in the vaginal epithelium. during these times, the anaerobic metabolism of the glycogen, by the epithelial cells themselves and/or by vaginal flora, causes the vagina to become acidic (ph approximately 4). this study was designed to test whether the characteristics of acid production by vaginal flora in vitro can account for vaginal acidity. eight vaginal lactobacillus is ...	1999	10496892
tetracycline-coated polytetrafluoroethylene barrier membranes in the treatment of intraosseous periodontal lesions.	periodontal pathogens are detrimental to periodontal healing in barrier membrane-assisted periodontal therapy. tetracycline-coating of barrier membranes may reduce levels of infecting pathogens. this study evaluated the clinical and microbiological effects of tetracycline-coated expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (t-eptfe) barrier membranes in the treatment of 2- to 3-wall intraosseous periodontal lesions around mandibular molars.	1999	10505803
microbiological understandings and mysteries of noma (cancrum oris).	the microbiologic history of noma was reviewed. studies have associated the disease process with large numbers of fusiform bacilli and spirochetal organisms. in order to study the microbiology of the staging and infection periods of noma 62 nigerian children, aged 3-14 years, 22 children had acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (anug) and were also malnourished, 20 exhibited no acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis but were malnourished and 20 were free of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingi ...	1999	10522213
in vitro susceptibility to pexiganan of bacteria isolated from infected diabetic foot ulcers.	during two clinical trials involving the treatment of 835 outpatients with infected diabetic foot ulcers, 2515 bacterial isolates, including 2337 aerobes and 178 anaerobes, were grown from cultures of the ulcers. the in vitro susceptibility of these isolates was determined to pexiganan, a peptide anti-infective evaluated in these clinical trials, and to other classes of antibiotics. pexiganan demonstrated broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative aerobes and a ...	1999	10529881
beta-hemolytic streptococci and other beta-hemolytic organisms in apical periodontitis and severe marginal periodontitis.	thirteen teeth with necrotic pulps and apical periodontitis and nine severe periodontal pockets were cultured for presence of beta-hemolytic streptococci and other beta-hemolytic organisms. samples were dispersed and plated on two non-selective and one selective growth media and incubated anaerobically and in 10% co2 in air. a total of 59 beta-hemolytic colonies were purified and identified. eight beta-hemolytic streptococcal isolates were obtained from three of the severe marginal periodontitis ...	1999	10530151
dexamethasone differentially regulates cytokine transcription and translation in macrophages responding to bacteria or okadaic acid.	many microorganisms and microbial products induce expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (il-1alpha/beta) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) in macrophages, primarily by transcriptional activation. we show here, by using mouse macrophages in primary culture, that pre-treatment with dexamethasone inhibits bacteria-induced il-1beta expression as mrna and cellular pro-il-1beta in parallel, consistent with an effect primarily on transcriptional activation. in contra ...	1999	10530874
isolation of bacteria from cervical lymph nodes in patients with oral cancer.	thirty patients with oral mucosal cancer were studied in relation to oral mucosal damage and bacterial translocation to the regional lymph nodes in the neck. all 30 patients (gingiva 11, tongue 13, cheek mucosa four, oral floor two) underwent extensive, clean-contaminated, head-and-neck surgery (including neck dissection) with free flap reconstruction. a total of 153 lymph nodes was harvested for microbial and histological examination. viable bacteria were isolated from 70 lymph nodes (45.8%) fr ...	1999	10530911
activities of gemifloxacin (sb 265805, lb20304) compared to those of other oral antimicrobial agents against unusual anaerobes.	the activities of gemifloxacin (sb 265805, lb20304) and comparator agents were determined by an agar dilution method against 419 clinical strains of less-commonly identified species of anaerobes. gemifloxacin was generally more active than trovafloxacin against gram-positive strains by one to two dilutions. peptostreptococci (peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus, peptostreptococcus magnus, peptostreptococcus micros, and peptostreptococcus prevotii) and porphyromonas spp. (porphyromonas asaccharol ...	1999	10543754
activities of telithromycin (hmr 3647, ru 66647) compared to those of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, and other antimicrobial agents against unusual anaerobes.	the comparative activity of telithromycin (hmr 3647) against 419 human anaerobic isolates was determined by the agar dilution method. at concentrations of </=0.5 microgram/ml, telithromycin was active against actinomyces israelii, actinomyces odontolyticus, bacteroides tectum, bacteroides ureolyticus, bacteroides gracilis (now campylobacter gracilis), porphyromonas spp. (including porphyromonas gingivalis and porphyromonas macacae), prevotella intermedia, prevotella heparinolytica, and almost al ...	1999	10543769
in vitro utilization of amylopectin and high-amylose maize (amylomaize) starch granules by human colonic bacteria.	it has been well established that a certain amount of ingested starch can escape digestion in the human small intestine and consequently enters the large intestine, where it may serve as a carbon source for bacterial fermentation. thirty-eight types of human colonic bacteria were screened for their capacity to utilize soluble starch, gelatinized amylopectin maize starch, and high-amylose maize starch granules by measuring the clear zones on starch agar plates. the six cultures which produced cle ...	1999	10543795
minimal debridement in the treatment of fournier's gangrene.	scrotal and perineal gangrene of the male genitalia was first described by fournier in 1883. treatment of the disease remains surgical despite the availability of modern antibiotics. many authors advocate a wide debridement of all tissue superficial to the involved fascial layers. we have reviewed our experience of using wide and minimal debridement as the surgical technique of choice. in our retrospective study, nine patients were diagnosed and treated over a 2-year period for fournier's gangre ...	1999	10551751
microbiology of subphrenic abscesses: a 14-year experience.	the objective of the review was to study the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of subphrenic abscesses in relation with predisposing conditions. a retrospective review of clinical and laboratory data of 52 patients treated between 1974 and 1988 was conducted. forty-three (83%) patients developed the abscesses after an operative procedure. these included 11 patients after colonic, 9 patients after gastric or duodenal, 7 patients after abdominal trauma, 7 patients after biliary, and 6 patients af ...	1999	10551755
[acute infectious mastoid complications in infancy].	the incidence of acute mastoiditis accounts for 0.004% of acute middle otitis. nowadays there is a decrease of number of mastoiditis and its complications, but from time to time are seen outbreaks without logical explanation of facts. we report 4 clinical cases of acute mastoiditis complicated with subperiosteal abscess, in children between 8 and 23 month old, seen at our department during the last 3 years, three of them diagnosed in a 4-month term.	1999	10568306
misleading diagnosis of retroperitoneal actinomycosis.	a 34-year-old woman presented with a left-sided suprarenal space-occupying lesion on sonography. culture of material obtained during sonographic-guided puncture of the retroperitoneal lesion yielded a mixed flora of actinomyces and peptostreptococcus. initially, a misleading diagnosis of an adrenal pheochromocytoma was initiated by highly positive metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy after chemical chemistry vanillylmandelic acid (vma) test showed elevated values for adrenaline and its derivativ ...	1999	10602965
response of the central metabolism in corynebacterium glutamicum to the use of an nadh-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase.	the extensive use of 13c enrichments in precursor metabolites for flux quantification does not rely on nadph stoichiometries and can therefore be used to quantify reducing power fluxes. as an application of this concept, the nadph fluxes were quantified in an l-lysine producer of corynebacterium glutamicum grown into metabolic and isotopic steady state with [1-13c]glucose. in this case, where the organism's nadph-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase consumes reducing power, the nadph flux generated ...	1999	10935753
[the range of antagonistic effects of lactobacillus bacterial strains on etiologic agents of bacterial vaginosis].	bacterial vaginosis is caused by uncontrolled sequential overgrowth of some anaerobic bacteria: gardnerella vaginalis, prevotella bivia, bacteroides spp., peptostreptococcus spp., mobiluncus sp. usually occurring in stable numbers in the bacterial flora of healthy women. on the other hand, different species of bacteria belonging to the genus lactobacillus, most frequently l. plantarum, l. rhamnosus and l. acidophilus, form a group of aerobic bacteria dominating in the same environment. the diver ...	1999	10865430
[anaerobes analysis in 80 cases with ora maxillofacial infections]	objective:to define the infection types of 80 cases of ora-maxillofacial infection and investigate its anaerobes' distribution and the role of the anaerobes' metabolic products in their identification.methods:we isolated and cultured anaerobes from the purulent specimen and applied the gasliquid chromatograph (glc) technique to analyze the anaerobes' metabolic products to define their genera and species in the meantime.results:bacteria were isolated from all of the purulent specimen.isolation ra ...	1999	15048214
peptostreptococcus ivorii-associated skin abscess in a hiv-infected patient.	peptostreptococcus ivorii, a recently described species of gram-positive anaerobic coccus, has so far rarely been found in human infections. the isolation of this anaerobe from a polybacterial skin abscess in a hiv-infected patient, which formed after antiretroviral therapy had been discontinued is reported. local treatment led to the abscess healing without specific antibiotics. as the type strain was isolated from a mixed infected leg ulcer, peptostreptococcus ivorii could play an important ro ...	1999	16887655
proficiencies of three anaerobic culture systems for recovering periodontal pathogenic bacteria.	anaerobic culture is employed routinely in the primary isolation of periodontal pathogenic bacteria. however, little or no data exist on the relative abilities of the coy anaerobic chamber (coy laboratory products, grass lake, mich.), the gaspak (becton dickinson microbiology systems, cockeysville, md.), and the anaeropack (mitsubishi gas chemical america, inc., new york, n.y.) systems to grow important periodontal species, including porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia/nigrescens, ba ...	1999	9854085
aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of axillary hidradenitis suppurativa.	a retrospective review of the microbiological and clinical data of 17 specimens obtained from axillary hidradenitis suppurativa (hs) over a period of 6 years was undertaken to study the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of this condition. a total of 42 bacterial isolates (2.5 per specimen) were obtained, 12 aerobic or facultative (0.7 per specimen) and 30 anaerobic or micro-aerophilic (1.8 per specimen). aerobic and facultative bacteria only were isolated in six (35%) cases, anaerobic bacteria ...	1999	9920133
purification and properties of nadh-dependent 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (metf) from escherichia coli.	a k-12 strain of escherichia coli that overproduces methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (metf) has been constructed, and the enzyme has been purified to apparent homogeneity. a plasmid specifying metf with six histidine residues added to the c terminus has been used to purify histidine-tagged metf to homogeneity in a single step by affinity chromatography on nickel-agarose, yielding a preparation with specific activity comparable to that of the unmodified enzyme. the native protein comprises fou ...	1999	9922232
aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of surgical-site infection following spinal fusion.	the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of surgical-site infections (ssi) following spinal fusion was retrospectively studied. this was done by reviewing the clinical and microbiological records at the naval hospital in bethesda, md., from 1980 to 1992. aspirates of pus from 25 infection sites showed bacterial growth. aerobic bacteria only were recovered from 9 (36%) specimens, anaerobic bacteria only were recovered from 4 (16%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were recovered from 12 (48 ...	1999	9986872
isolation of fusobacterium necrophorum from cancrum oris (noma).	a study of the predominant microflora in active sites of noma (cancrum oris) lesions was carried out in eight noma patients 3-15 years of age in sokoto state in northwestern nigeria. paper point sampling and conventional anaerobic microbiologic techniques were used. fusobacterium necrophorum was recovered from 87.5% of the noma lesions. oral microorganisms included prevotella intermedia, alpha-hemolytic streptococci, and actinomyces spp. which were isolated from 75.0%, 50.0%, and 37.5% of the pa ...	1999	9988340
elastase activity of anaerobes isolated from amniotic fluid with preterm premature rupture of membranes.	a total of 131 anaerobes isolated from amniotic fluid with preterm premature rupture of membranes and stored were examined for elastolytic activity by the method described by williams et al (lett appl microbiol 1988;7:173-6).	1999	9988804
comparative in vitro activities of amoxicillin-clavulanate against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated from antral puncture specimens from patients with sinusitis.	by an agar dilution method, the antimicrobial susceptibilities of antral sinus puncture isolates were studied. pneumococci were generally susceptible to amoxicillin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin, but 17% of pneumococcal isolates were resistant to cefuroxime. haemophilus influenzae isolates were resistant to amoxicillin and clarithromycin. beta-lactamase production occurred in 69% of prevotella species. one-third of peptostreptococcus magnus isolates were resistant to azithromycin and clarith ...	1999	10049296
relationship of the subgingival microbiota to a chairside test for aspartate aminotransferase in gingival crevicular fluid.	the aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between the occurrence of certain specific periodontal pathogens and aspartate aminotransferase (ast) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (gcf).	1999	10052771
infections associated with dental procedures in total hip arthroplasty.	dental procedures may lead to a transient bacteraemia lasting for up to 30 minutes. of the numerous cases of total hip arthroplasty (tha) reported which have been infected from haematogenous sources, dental procedures have been involved only infrequently. we reviewed the records of 2973 patients after tha. of the late infections identified in 52 patients, three (6%) were strongly associated with a dental procedure. infection was diagnosed by culture from the affected joint; streptococcus viridan ...	1999	10068004
infection after rotator cuff repair.	sixteen patients (15 men and 1 woman) were treated for infection complicating rotator cuff repair during the period 1975 through 1994. eight of the 16 patients had their initial procedure performed elsewhere. the remaining 8 procedures were performed at our institution with the known incidence of this complication being 0.27%. in addition to intravenous antibiotic therapy, an average of 3.5 (range 2 to 8) operative procedures were required to eradicate the infections. micro-organisms cultured we ...	1999	10077787
clinical and microbiological characteristics of smokers with early onset periodontitis.	cigarette smoking is a potential risk factor which has recently been associated with periodontal disease progression. the objective of this study was to compare the microbial profile of smokers and non-smokers in a group of patients with early onset periodontitis. the study population consisted of 60 healthy individuals, 40 males and 20 females aged 22 to 35 yr, exhibiting early onset periodontitis. thirty patients were smokers (30.9 cigarettes/d) and 30 non-smokers. smokers had a higher proport ...	1999	10086883
the microbiota of periodontal pockets with different depths in therapy-resistant periodontitis.	this study presents the composition of the cultivable microbiota colonising periodontal pockets of different depths among 2 patient-groups classified as non-responsive (nr-group; 11 participants) or responsive (r-group; 10 participants) to periodontal treatment. microbiological samples from three types of pocket (< 4 mm deep a-samples; 4-5 mm b-samples; > 5 mm c-samples) were analysed by cultural methods for putative periodontitis pathogens, microbial groups constituting > or = 5% of the total c ...	1999	10100039
microbiota of successful osseointegrated dental implants.	the long-term survival of dental implants depends, in part, on control of bacterial infection in the peri-implant region. periodontal pathogens colonized implants symptomatic through infection, whereas the microbiota of successful implants was similar to that of periodontal health. this study examined the impact on the peri-implant microbiota of crown restorations; implant type; length of time of loading; history of implant or periodontal infections; and whether implants replaced single or multi ...	1999	10102550
in vitro antibacterial properties of pexiganan, an analog of magainin.	pexiganan, a 22-amino-acid antimicrobial peptide, is an analog of the magainin peptides isolated from the skin of the african clawed frog. pexiganan exhibited in vitro broad-spectrum antibacterial activity when it was tested against 3,109 clinical isolates of gram-positive and gram-negative, anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. the pexiganan mic at which 90% of isolates are inhibited (mic90) was 32 micrograms/ml or less for staphylococcus spp., streptococcus spp., enterococcus faecium, corynebacteriu ...	1999	10103181
comparative activity of eighteen antimicrobial agents against anaerobic bacteria isolated in south africa.	the in vitro activity of 18 antimicrobial agents was determined against 378 anaerobic bacteria isolated in bloemfontein, south africa, during 1996/97. against the gram-positive isolates, mics of penicillin and cefoxitin were >0.5 microg/ml and >16 microg/ml, respectively, for five and three strains of non-perfringens clostridium spp. seventeen peptostreptococcus anaerobius strains were resistant to penicillin (mic > or = 2 microg/ml). all gram-positive anaerobes tested except one peptostreptococ ...	1999	10192714
differential induction of colitis and gastritis in hla-b27 transgenic rats selectively colonized with bacteroides vulgatus or escherichia coli.	resident bacteria play an important role in initiating and perpetuating gastrointestinal inflammation. we previously demonstrated that six commensal bacteria including bacteroides vulgatus caused more aggressive colitis and gastritis in hla-b27 transgenic rats than did the other five bacteria without b. vulgatus. this study compared the degree of gastrointestinal inflammation in gnotobiotic hla-b27 transgenic rats monoassociated with either b. vulgatus or escherichia coli. gnotobiotic transgenic ...	1999	10338507
effects of hydrogen peroxide on growth and selected properties of porphyromonas gingivalis.	in this study we first evaluated the effects of hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) on growth and selected properties of porphyromonas gingivalis, and compared them with those obtained by a reducing agent (cysteine). the growth of p. gingivalis was only moderately affected when h2o2 was added at concentrations up to 30 mm in a complex culture medium. however, when a defined basal medium was used, h2o2 at a concentration of 3 mm completely inhibited growth of p. gingivalis. incorporation of cysteine at conc ...	1999	10339828
[multiple abscesses (cerebral, splenic, cutaneous) and pulmonary infection].		1999	10365514
antibiotic susceptibility of putative periodontal pathogens in advanced periodontitis patients.	in the present study, the antibiotic susceptibility of most prevalent micro-organisms in advanced periodontitis patients was evaluated. in 56 patients, pooled subgingival plaque samples were taken from the deepest site of each quadrant and were cultivated anaerobically. from each patient, the 4 most frequently encountered types of bacterial colonies were subcultured and identified (rapid id 32 a). from all bacterial species identified in the 224 subcultures, the 4 most prevalent were used for su ...	1999	10382573
flow cytometry to monitor phagocytosis and oxidative burst of anaerobic periodontopathogenic bacteria by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	the reduced susceptibility to phagocytosis found among some periodontopathogenic anaerobes may account for the differences between invasive and non-invasive strains. we applied flow cytometry as a powerful tool to analyze and quantify phagocytosis using standardized cultures of oral anaerobes (porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, p. nigrescens, capnocytophaga gingivalis, c. ochracea, c. sputigena, fusobacterium nucleatum and peptostreptococcus micros) and heparinized whole blood. bac ...	1999	10384401
inflammatory mediators in saliva of patients with rapidly progressive periodontitis during war stress induced incidence increase.	rapidly progressive periodontitis (rpp) results from the interaction between the periodontal microflora and the host. stress is believed to play an important role in determining host responses, and it has been proposed that hyperactivity of host defense mechanisms significantly increases tissue destruction typical for this disease. during a period of four months we have diagnosed 20 patients with acute rpp, all of them active participants in battles of the croatian liberation war with posttrauma ...	1999	10402713
microbiology of retroperitoneal abscesses in children.	samples of pus from 41 children with retroperitoneal abscess treated between 1974 and 1994 yielded a total of 125 organisms (3.0 isolates/specimen); 58 isolates were aerobic and facultative species (1.4/specimen) and 67 were anaerobic (1.6/specimen). aerobic bacteria only were isolated from 7 (17%) abscesses, anaerobic bacteria only from 3 (7%) and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria from 31 (76%); 34 (83%) infections were polymicrobial. the predominant aerobic and facultative isolates were esc ...	1999	10403422
destructive knee joint infection caused by peptostreptococcus micros: importance of early microbiological diagnosis.	peptostreptococcus micros is a commensal of the oral cavity and the genitourinary tract that rarely causes serious infections. a case of a destructive knee joint infection with rapid progress caused by p. micros is presented. the significance of the microbiological findings was initially not acknowledged, which contributed to a nonsuccessful clinical outcome.	1999	10405436
clinical and microbiological effects of initial periodontal therapy in conjunction with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid in patients with adult periodontitis. a randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled study.	the aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical and microbiological effects of initial periodontal therapy in conjunction with systemic amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid in adult periodontitis patients using a double-blind, parallel-group, and placebo-controlled protocol. 21 patients with a clinical diagnosis of generalised adult periodontitis were recruited. clinical measurements and microbiological assessments were carried out at baseline, 3, and 12 months post-treatment. approxima ...	1999	10412851
bacteremia after dental treatment in mentally handicapped people.	bacteremia may occur after disruption of the oral mucous membrane, particularly after dental treatment. 18 mentally handicapped patients who underwent dental treatment with general anesthesia were included in our study. none of the patients had general illnesses or received antibiotic protection. from each patient several blood samples were drawn aseptically during dental treatment and cultured. the majority of aerobic bacteria recovered belonged to streptococcus sp and gemella sp., anaerobic ba ...	1999	10412852
porphyromonas gingivalis prevalence related to other micro-organisms in adult refractory periodontitis.	forty-six adult periodontal patients, selected on the basis of clinical examination, and 46 adult healthy subjects were examined. the subgingival plaque samples from one inflammatory and one non-inflammatory site of each periodontal patient were studied to determine porphyromonas gingivalis prevalence related to other periodontal micro-organisms and to periodontal tissue destruction. the results showed porphyromonas gingivalis as the main pathogenic micro-organism isolated in the inflammatory si ...	1999	10423739
periodontitis associated bacteria in supragingival plaque of dental hygienists: stability of carrier state and clinical development.	the purpose of this study was the clinical and microbiological re-examination of dental hygienists, who, 30 months before, had shown remarkably high supragingival levels of periodontitis-associated micro-organisms. interdental plaque was collected from the same molar sites and investigated by the same immunofluorescence assay with taxa-specific monoclonal antibodies as at the initial examination. on average, the 15 re-examined subjects showed slightly increased plaque levels but unchanged bleedi ...	1999	10424388
activity of telithromycin (hmr 3647) against anaerobic bacteria compared to those of eight other agents by time-kill methodology.	time-kill studies examined the activities of telithromycin (hmr 3647), erythromycin a, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, clindamycin, pristinamycin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and metronidazole against 11 gram-positive and gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. time-kill studies were carried out with the addition of oxyrase in order to prevent the introduction of co(2). macrolide-azalide-ketolide mics were 0.004 to 32.0 microg/ml. of the latter group, telithromycin had the lowest mics, espec ...	1999	10428930
[trovafloxacin in gynecology].	presence of microorganisms in the female lower genital tract (lgt) in concentrations that modify the established normal equilibrium produce different symptoms that make necessary to consult the gynecologist. it is currently accepted that infections of the lgt are due to microorganisms that are normally integrating the internal flora, except for the erroneously called "sexually transmitted diseases" that are caused by external microorganisms. this means that all those microorganisms usually prese ...	1999	10436555
cervical necrotizing fasciitis: 10 years' experience at a single institution.	to evaluate clinical and microbiologic characteristics, modalities of treatment and outcome of patients with cervical necrotizing fasciitis admitted to our institution.	1999	10447540
infection-stimulated infraosseus inflammation and bone destruction is increased in p-/e-selectin knockout mice.	infections of the dental pulp commonly result in infraosseus inflammation and bone destruction. however, the role of phagocytic leucocytes in the pathogenesis of pulpal infections has been uncertain. in this work we used p/e-/- selectin-deficient mice, which lack rolling adhesion of leucocytes to endothelium and mimic the human syndrome, leucocyte adhesion deficiency ii (lad-ii), to test the hypothesis that phagocytic leucocytes protect against pulpal infection and subsequent periapical infraoss ...	1999	10447722
in vitro activity of gemifloxacin (sb 265805) against anaerobes.	gemifloxacin mesylate (sb 265805), a new fluoronaphthyridone, was tested against 359 recent clinical anaerobic isolates by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards reference agar dilution method with supplemented brucella blood agar and an inoculum of 10(5) cfu/spot. comparative antimicrobials tested included trovafloxacin, levofloxacin, grepafloxacin, sparfloxacin, sitafloxacin (du-6859a), penicillin g, amoxicillin clavulanate, imipenem, cefoxitin, clindamycin, and metronidazole ...	1999	10471570
[bacteria isolated from surgical infections and their susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents: special references to bacteria isolated between july 1996 and june 1997].	the annual multicenter studies on isolated bacteria from infections in general surgery and their antimicrobial susceptibility have been conducted in 20 facilities in japan since july 1982. this paper describes the results obtained during period from july 1996 to june 1997. the number of cases investigated as objectives was 217 for one year. a total of 406 strains were isolated from 177 cases (81.6% of total cases). from primary infections 162 strains were isolated, and from postoperative infecti ...	1999	10480049
[in vitro bactericidal activities of new oral penem, faropenem against the various clinical isolates].	the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) of faropenem (frpm) more compared with those of various oral beta-lactams against 15 isolates each of 6 species of microorganism. frpm possessed potent in vitro antibacterial activity against both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive bacteria tested. frpm showed the same activity as new oral cephems such as cefdinir, cefditoren and cefcapene against all gram-negative bacteria, but k. pneumoniae strains were le ...	1999	10480050
[clinical evaluation of anaerobic infections in patients with bronchopulmonary infections diagnosed by transtracheal aspiration].	we evaluated the clinical and bacteriologic features in the patients with bronchopulmonary infections isolated anaerobes from transtracheal aspirates between april 1990 and march 1998. some anaerobe was isolated in 42 (10.9%) in 387 patients whom we performed transtracheal aspiration (tta), in 42 (15.7%) of 268 in whom some organism was isolated from tta, or in 42 (16.3%) of 257 patients in whom some bacterium excluding acid-fast bacteria, fungi or mycoplasma from tta. the isolation rate of anae ...	1999	10481403
microbiological features of papillon-lefèvre syndrome periodontitis.	papillon-lefevre syndrome patients exhibit hyperkeratosis palmo-plantaris and severe periodontitis. the syndrome is an autosomal recessive trait, but the mechanism of periodontal destruction is not known. this report presents the clinical and microbiological features of an 11-year old girl with papillon-lefèvre syndrome. clinical examination included conventional periodontal measurements and radiographic analysis. in samples from 3 deep periodontal lesions, the occurrence of major suspected peri ...	1999	10487314
the microbiology of infected and noninfected leg ulcers.	a clinical study was undertaken to investigate and compare specifically the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of infected and noninfected leg ulcers.	1999	10487444
microbiology of infected pustular psoriasis lesions.	bacterial infections can occur in lesions of pustular psoriasis (pp). the objective of this study was to establish the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of secondarily infected pp.	1999	10487445
recurrent acute suppurative thyroiditis in a child: case report.	a 23-month-old girl presented with a history of persistent fever and growing left anterior neck mass following an upper respiratory tract infection. laboratory studies revealed leukocytosis, elevated levels of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and c-reactive protein, and a mild impairment of thyroid function. thyroid scan showed a decreased radioactive iodine uptake of the left thyroid gland. culture of the thyroid aspirate grew the mixed flora, viridans streptococci, prevotella spp, and peptos ...	1998	10496157
intra-operative ultrasound-guided drainage of parotid abscess.	parotitis complicated by parotid abscess remains a potentially life-threatening problem. conventional surgical treatment involves incising the parotid parenchyma in the direction of the facial nerve until the abscess is located and evacuated. intra-operative ultrasound greatly assists in localizing the abscess and in ensuring its complete drainage. expeditious and exact localization of the abscess reduces operative time. equally importantly, ultrasound-assisted drainage reduces surgical dissecti ...	1998	10197156
coronal leakage: endotoxin penetration from mixed bacterial communities through obturated, post-prepared root canals.	coronal leakage has been considered as one of the major causes of failure in root canal treatment. bacteria have been shown to penetrate the root canal obturating materials and influence the periapical tissues. endotoxin, a component of gram-negative bacteria, is a potent inflammatory agent and may be able to penetrate obturating materials faster than bacteria. this in vitro study examined the possible penetration of post-prepared canals by endotoxin and bacterial cells derived from mixed bacter ...	1998	9922745
[bilateral tubo-ovarian actinomycosis and rheumatoid arthritis].		1998	9974016
microbiology of liver and spleen abscesses.	to study the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of liver and spleen abscesses and correlate the results with predisposing factors, potential causes and routes of infection, clinical and laboratory data of 48 patients with liver abscesses and 29 with spleen abscesses treated between 1970 and 1990 were reviewed retrospectively. in liver abscesses, a total of 116 isolates (2.4 isolates/specimen) was obtained; 43 were aerobic and facultative species (0.9 isolates/specimen) and 73 were anaerobic spec ...	1998	9856643
[bacterial flora in pharyngitis and tonsillitis].	the aim of the study was a microbiological analysis of pharyngeal swabs obtained from 158 patients with the diagnosis of pharyngitis and purulent exudates from the tonsillar crypts of 10 patients treated for chronic purulent tonsillitis. beta haemolytic streptococci groups a, b, c and g were isolated from 30% of the patients. the most frequently isolated were streptococcus pyogenes--12% of patients and streptococcus group c--10.7%. other streptococci were isolated less frequently: streptococcus ...	1998	9857615
microbiologic characteristics of persistent otitis media.	to identify the pathogens isolated from children with acute otitis media who did not respond to antimicrobial drug therapy.	1998	9865757
microbiology of nosocomial sinusitis in mechanically ventilated children.	to assess the bacteriology of nosocomial sinusitis in mechanically ventilated children.	1998	9440778
in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of a new carbapenem bo-2727 for use in obstetrics and gynecology.	the antibacterial activity of bo-2727 against 100 clinical isolates of streptococcus agalactiae (20 strains), escherichia coli (20 strains), peptostreptococcus magnus (20 strains), bacteroides fragilis (20 strains) and prevotella bivia (20 strains) was compared with those of imipenem, panipenem, meropenem, biapenem and ceftazidime (caz). minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) for 50% of tested strains (mic50s) of bo-2727 against s. agalactiae, e. coli, p. magnus, b. fragilis and p. bivia were ...	1998	9444403
bacteriology of inflamed and uninflamed epidermal inclusion cysts.	to determine whether inflamed and uninflamed epidermoid cysts differ in the number and/or type of bacteria inhabiting them.	1998	9449909
gram-positive anaerobic cocci.	gram-positive anaerobic cocci (gpac) are a heterogeneous group of organisms defined by their morphological appearance and their inability to grow in the presence of oxygen; most clinical isolates are identified to species in the genus peptostreptococcus. gpac are part of the normal flora of all mucocutaneous surfaces and are often isolated from infections such as deep organ abscesses, obstetric and gynecological sepsis, and intraoral infections. they have been little studied for several reasons, ...	1998	9457430
purulent pericarditis secondary to candida parapsilosis and peptostreptococcus species.	purulent pericarditis secondary to candida pericarditis is a rare but lethal infection. the first case of pericardial infection by candida parapsilosis in combination with peptostreptococcus species in an immunocompetent nondebilitated individual is reported. urgent pericardiectomy was required after pericardial drainage failed to stop symptoms of tamponade. the etiology, microbiology and treatment of this unusual condition are reviewed.	1998	9487278
dacryocystitis caused by anaerobic bacteria in the newborn.		1998	9493822
microbial complexes in subgingival plaque.	it has been recognized for some time that bacterial species exist in complexes in subgingival plaque. the purpose of the present investigation was to attempt to define such communities using data from large numbers of plaque samples and different clustering and ordination techniques. subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesial aspect of each tooth in 185 subjects (mean age 51 +/- 16 years) with (n = 160) or without (n = 25) periodontitis. the presence and levels of 40 subgingival taxa ...	1998	9495612
microbiology of necrotizing fasciitis associated with omphalitis in the newborn infant.	the purpose of this study was to report the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of periumbilical necrotizing fasciitis in newborn infants.	1998	9527941
aerobic and anaerobic infection associated with malignancy.	the goal of this work was to study the microbiology and clinical characteristics of patients with infections associated with malignancy treated over a period of 17 years. a total of 668 specimens were obtained from 605 patients. the malignancies include 224 hematological malignancies and 381 nonhematogenic malignancies. anaerobic bacteria only were isolated in 201 (30%) specimens, aerobic bacteria in 226 (34%), mixed aerobic-anaerobic bacteria in 231 (35%) and candida spp. in 10 (1%). a total of ...	1998	9540171
phenotypic and phylogenetic characterization of ruminal tannin-tolerant bacteria.	the 16s rrna sequences and selected phenotypic characteristics were determined for six recently isolated bacteria that can tolerate high levels of hydrolyzable and condensed tannins. bacteria were isolated from the ruminal contents of animals in different geographic locations, including sardinian sheep (ovis aries), honduran and colombian goats (capra hircus), white-tail deer (odocoileus virginianus) from upstate new york, and rocky mountain elk (cervus elaphus nelsoni) from oregon. nearly compl ...	1998	9758806
[peptostreptococcus magnus osteoarticular infections after orthopedic surgery. 14 cases and pathogenicity factors].	we report a retrospective study of 14 peptostreptococcus magnus bone and joint infections, following orthopaedic prostheses or implantation of fixation devices, diagnosed in two paris hospitals between 1992 and 1996. five patients experienced a knee joint infection after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with 4 artificial grafts, and 9 caught joint or wound infections, after limb traumatic injuries or bone neoplastic ruptures involving femur, tibia, calcaneum and humerus, treated by arth ...	1998	9769879
[in vitro activity of 10 antibiotics including pristinamycin and its two components (rp 12536 and 27404) against strict anaerobes].	the activities of the pristinamycin and its two components (rp 12536 and rp 27404) were investigated using the reference agar dilution method m11a3, on 175 anaerobic strains in comparison with that of erythromycin, clindamycin, metronidazole, amoxycillin either alone or combined with clavulanic acid, piperacillin, cefoxitin, cefotetan and cefotaxime. beta-lactamase production was detected for all the 55 b. fragilis group strains and 8/12 prevotella and 2/18 fusobacterium strains, respectively. o ...	1998	9769928
sinusitis in neurologically impaired children.	the microbiologic features of infected sinus aspirates in nine children with neurologic impairment were studied. anaerobic bacteria, always mixed with aerobic and facultative bacteria, were isolated in 6 (67%) aspirates and aerobic bacteria only in 3 (33%). there were 24 bacterial isolates, 12 aerobic or facultative and 12 anaerobic. the predominant aerobic isolates were klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, and staphylococcus aureus (2 each) and proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, hae ...	1998	9781990
aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of infection after trauma.	clinical and laboratory data from 1973 to 1988 were retrospectively reviewed to study the microbiology of infection following trauma. a total of 368 specimens obtained from 340 trauma patients showed bacterial growth. the traumas included lacerations (163), blunt trauma (76), penetrating trauma (65), bites (20), and open fractures (10). anaerobic bacteria only were isolated in 119 (32%) specimens, aerobic bacteria only in 58 (16%), and mixed aerobic-anaerobic flora in 191 (52%). a total of 444 a ...	1998	9786544
limited internal friction in the rate-limiting step of a two-state protein folding reaction.	small, single-domain proteins typically fold via a compact transition-state ensemble in a process well fitted by a simple, two-state model. to characterize the rate-limiting conformational changes that underlie two-state folding, we have investigated experimentally the effects of changing solvent viscosity on the refolding of the igg binding domain of protein l. in conjunction with numerical simulations, our results indicate that the rate-limiting conformational changes of the folding of this do ...	1998	9811844
microorganisms in closed periapical lesions.	the purpose of this study was to investigate the microorganisms of strictly selected closed periapical lesions associated with both refractory endodontic therapy and pulpal calcification. definitive criteria were established that assured complete clinical isolation of the periapical lesion from the oral and periodontal environment. a total of 13 criteria-referenced lesions were selected from 70 patients with endodontic surgical indications. a well controlled culturing method was used in all case ...	1998	9823127
recovery of anaerobic bacteria from a post-traumatic nasal septal abscess. a report of two cases.	this report presents 2 children (boys, 11 and 9 years old) who had post-traumatic nasal septal abscesses. cultures for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria revealed peptostreptococcuus magnus and a beta-lactamase-producing prevotella intermedia in the first patient, and peptostreptococcus anaerobius, streptococcus intermedius, and prevotella melaninogenica in the second patient. anaerobic bacteria may play a role in nasal septal abscesses.	1998	9823846
survey of anaerobic susceptibility patterns: a french multicentre study.	in 1996, the in vitro antibiotic susceptibility of 463 anaerobes was measured in five hospitals using the reference agar dilution method. none of the 209 b. fragilis group strains showed resistance to imipenem or ticarcillin-clavulanic acid. high resistance rates (29%) were observed for cefotetan and clindamycin. beta-lactamase production was detected respectively in 64% of the prevotella and 7% of the fusobacterium strains. because the same standardized methods were used for many years, the aut ...	1998	9832284
additional clinical and microbiological effects of amoxicillin and metronidazole after initial periodontal therapy.	the aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of initial periodontal therapy (it) and to determine the additional effects of systemic amoxicillin (flemoxin solutab) 375 mg tid plus metronidazole 250 mg tid therapy, in patients with adult actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (aa)-associated periodontitis in conjunction with either porphyromonas gingivalis (pg), bacteroides forsythus (bf) and/or prevotella intermedia (pi). in addition the adverse effects of the a ...	1998	9846793
protein la, a novel hybrid protein with unique single-chain fv antibody- and fab-binding properties.	existing ig-binding proteins all suffer from limitations in their binding spectrum. in the pursuit of the ultimate, non-restricted, ig-binding protein, we have constructed the hybrid protein la, by fusing four of the ig kappa light-chain-binding domains of peptostreptococcal protein l with four of the iggfc- and fab-binding regions of staphylococcal protein a. ligand-blot experiments demonstrated that the l and the a components were both functional in the hybrid, as the protein was shown to bind ...	1998	9874260