Publications

o-antigen diversity among acinetobacter baumannii strains from the czech republic and northwestern europe, as determined by lipopolysaccharide-specific monoclonal antibodies.	o-antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs) are currently being generated to develop an o-serotyping scheme for the genus acinetobacter and to provide potent tools to study the diversity of o-antigens among acinetobacter strains. in this report, acinetobacter baumannii strains from the czech republic and from two clonal groups identified in northwestern europe (termed clones i and ii) were investigated for their reactivity with a panel of o-antigen-specific mabs generated against acinetobact ...	2001	11427571
physical and metabolic interactions of pseudomonas sp. strain ja5-b45 and rhodococcus sp. strain f9-d79 during growth on crude oil and effect of a chemical surfactant on them.	methods to enhance crude oil biodegradation by mixed bacterial cultures, for example, (bio)surfactant addition, are complicated by the diversity of microbial populations within a given culture. the physical and metabolic interactions between rhodococcus sp. strain f9-d79 and pseudomonas sp. strain ja5-b45 were examined during growth on bow river crude oil. the effects of a nonionic chemical surfactant, igepal co-630 (nonylphenol ethoxylate), also were evaluated. strain f9-d79 grew attached to th ...	2001	11571196
chlorocatechols substituted at positions 4 and 5 are substrates of the broad-spectrum chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase of pseudomonas chlororaphis rw71.	the nucleotide sequence of a 10,528-bp region comprising the chlorocatechol pathway gene cluster tetrtetcdef of the 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene via the tetrachlorocatechol-mineralizing bacterium pseudomonas chlororaphis rw71 (t. potrawfke, k. n. timmis, and r.-m. wittich, appl. environ. microbiol. 64:3798-3806, 1998) was analyzed. the chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase gene tetc was cloned and overexpressed in escherichia coli. the recombinant gene product was purified, and the alpha,alpha-homodimeri ...	2001	11208799
complex regulation of the organic hydroperoxide resistance gene (ohr) from xanthomonas involves ohrr, a novel organic peroxide-inducible negative regulator, and posttranscriptional modifications.	analysis of the sequence immediate upstream of ohr revealed an open reading frame, designated ohrr, with the potential to encode a 17-kda peptide with moderate amino acid sequence homology to the marr family of negative regulators of gene expression. ohrr was transcribed as bicistronic mrna with ohr, while ohr mrna was found to be 95% monocistronic and 5% bicistronic with ohrr. expression of both genes was induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tbooh) treatment. high-level expression of ohrr negat ...	2001	11443074
rubrerythrin and rubredoxin oxidoreductase in desulfovibrio vulgaris: a novel oxidative stress protection system.	evidence is presented for an alternative to the superoxide dismutase (sod)-catalase oxidative stress defense system in desulfovibrio vulgaris (strain hildenborough). this alternative system consists of the nonheme iron proteins, rubrerythrin (rbr) and rubredoxin oxidoreductase (rbo), the product of the rbo gene (also called desulfoferrodoxin). a deltarbo strain of d. vulgaris was found to be more sensitive to internal superoxide exposure than was the wild type. unlike rbo, expression of plasmid- ...	2001	11114906
characterization and evolution of anthranilate 1,2-dioxygenase from acinetobacter sp. strain adp1.	the two-component anthranilate 1,2-dioxygenase of the bacterium acinetobacter sp. strain adp1 was expressed in escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. this enzyme converts anthranilate (2-aminobenzoate) to catechol with insertion of both atoms of o(2) and consumption of one nadh. the terminal oxygenase component formed an alpha(3)beta(3) hexamer of 54- and 19-kda subunits. biochemical analyses demonstrated one rieske-type [2fe-2s] center and one mononuclear nonheme iron center in each larg ...	2001	11114907
pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibits directed twitching motility up phosphatidylethanolamine gradients.	pseudomonas aeruginosa translocates over solid surfaces by a type iv pilus-dependent form of multicellular motility known as twitching. we wondered whether cells utilize endogenous factors to organize twitching, and we purified from wild-type cells a lipid that caused directed movement. wild-type p. aeruginosa, but not a pilj pilus-deficient mutant, showed biased movement up gradients of phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) established in agar. activity was related to the fatty acid composition of the ...	2001	11133973
genetic and physiological characterization of ohr, encoding a protein involved in organic hydroperoxide resistance in pseudomonas aeruginosa.	the ohr (organic hydroperoxide resistance) gene product of pseudomonas aeruginosa was essential for optimal resistance to organic hydroperoxides (ohps) but not to hydrogen peroxide or paraquat. a deltaohr mutant was hypersusceptible to ohps in disk inhibition assays and showed enhanced killing by ohps in liquid culture. the ohr gene product was demonstrated to contribute to the decomposition of ohps. transcription of ohr was induced up to 15-fold upon exposure to ohps, and this induction was ind ...	2001	11133975
clinical significance and taxonomy of actinobacillus hominis.	clinical findings in 36 immunosuppressed patients with lower respiratory tract infection or bacteremia with actinobacillus hominis are described. animal contact was only recorded for three patients; nine patients died despite appropriate antimicrobial treatment. although infections with this microorganism seem to be rare, the fact that 37 of 46 strains characterized in this study have been found in copenhagen indicates that under-reporting may occur. a. hominis is phenotypically relatively homog ...	2001	11230406
diagnostics of neisseriaceae and moraxellaceae by ribosomal dna sequencing: ribosomal differentiation of medical microorganisms.	fast and reliable identification of microbial isolates is a fundamental goal of clinical microbiology. however, in the case of some fastidious gram-negative bacterial species, classical phenotype identification based on either metabolic, enzymatic, or serological methods is difficult, time-consuming, and/or inadequate. 16s or 23s ribosomal dna (rdna) bacterial sequencing will most often result in accurate speciation of isolates. therefore, the objective of this study was to find a hypervariable ...	2001	11230407
rapid detection, identification, and enumeration of escherichia coli cells in municipal water by chemiluminescent in situ hybridization.	a new chemiluminescent in situ hybridization (cish) method provides simultaneous detection, identification, and enumeration of culturable escherichia coli cells in 100 ml of municipal water within one working day. following filtration and 5 h of growth on tryptic soy agar at 35 degrees c, individual microcolonies of e. coli were detected directly on a 47-mm-diameter membrane filter using soybean peroxidase-labeled peptide nucleic acid (pna) probes targeting a species-specific sequence in e. coli ...	2001	11133438
production, purification and some properties of bac201, a bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance produced by staphylococcus aureus ab201.	staphylococcus aureus ab201, a clinical isolate from wound pus, produced a bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance termed as bac201, that was inhibitory to streptococcus agalactiae, enterococcus faecalis, acinetobacter calcoaceticus, neisseria meningitidis and a number of staphylococcal species. it was purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration (biosil-sec-125), and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (vydac c4). the native bac201 was sized at appro ...	2001	11314243
evaluation of biological and physical protection against nuclease degradation of clay-bound plasmid dna.	in order to determine the mechanisms involved in the persistence of extracellular dna in soils and to monitor whether bacterial transformation could occur in such an environment, we developed artificial models composed of plasmid dna adsorbed on clay particles. we determined that clay-bound dna submitted to an increasing range of nuclease concentrations was physically protected. the protection mechanism was mainly related to the adsorption of the nuclease on the clay mineral. the biological pote ...	2001	11133458
epidemiology and infection control implications of acinetobacter spp. in hong kong.	in a previous study, we showed that acinetobacter genomic dna group 3 was the most common species among blood culture isolates and was commonly found on superficial carriage sites of the healthy and the sick, which are different findings from those reported in europe and north america. we used amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to study further the molecular epidemiology of acinetobacters in our region. over a study period of 6 weeks with 136 consec ...	2001	11136776
acinetobacter baumannii at a tertiary-care teaching hospital in jerusalem, israel.	in a retrospective 10-year analysis of 3,536 patient-unique isolates, acinetobacter baumannii imipenem susceptibility declined from 98.1 (1990) to 64.1% (2000), and ciprofloxacin susceptibility decreased from 50.5 to 13.1%. imipenem median zone diameters decreased from 27. 7 (1997) to 18.8 mm (2000). no outbreaks were detected. two clusters were identified for 41 strains genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, but imipenem resistance was not clonal.	2001	11136809
genetic and biochemical characterization of a novel monoterpene epsilon-lactone hydrolase from rhodococcus erythropolis dcl14.	a monoterpene epsilon-lactone hydrolase (mlh) from rhodococcus erythropolis dcl14, catalyzing the ring opening of lactones which are formed during degradation of several monocyclic monoterpenes, including carvone and menthol, was purified to apparent homogeneity. it is a monomeric enzyme of 31 kda that is active with (4r)-4-isopropenyl-7-methyl-2-oxo-oxepanone and (6r)-6-isopropenyl-3-methyl-2-oxo-oxepanone, lactones derived from (4r)-dihydrocarvone, and 7-isopropyl-4-methyl-2-oxo-oxepanone, the ...	2001	11157238
characterization of oxa-25, oxa-26, and oxa-27, molecular class d beta-lactamases associated with carbapenem resistance in clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii.	carbapenem resistance in acinetobacter spp. is increasingly being associated with oxa-type beta-lactamases with weak hydrolytic activity against imipenem and meropenem. such enzymes were characterized from acinetobacter isolates collected in belgium, kuwait, singapore, and spain. the isolates from spain and belgium had novel class d beta-lactamases that were active against carbapenems. these were designated oxa-25 and oxa-26, respectively, and had >98% amino acid homology with each other and wit ...	2001	11158758
antibacterial properties of human amnion and chorion in vitro.	the purpose of the present study was to explore the direct effects of amnion and chorion on bacterial growth in vitro including the antibacterial spectrum. chorioamniotic membranes were obtained under sterile conditions from 13 healthy women undergoing elective cesarean section at term. likewise, chorioamniotic membranes were obtained from 10 healthy women with spontaneous vaginal delivery at term. five strains of hemolytic streptococci group b (gbs) were tested and one clinical isolate of the f ...	2001	11165729
transcriptional organization and dynamic expression of the hbpcad genes, which encode the first three enzymes for 2-hydroxybiphenyl degradation in pseudomonas azelaica hbp1.	pseudomonas azelaica hbp1 degrades the toxic substance 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-hbp) by means of three enzymes that are encoded by structural genes hbpc, hbpa, and hbpd. these three genes form a small noncontiguous cluster. their expression is activated by the product of regulatory gene hbpr, which is located directly upstream of the hbpcad genes. the hbpr protein is a transcription activator and belongs to the so-called xylr/dmpr subclass within the ntrc family of transcriptional activators. transc ...	2001	11114926
large scale production of cyclohexanone monooxygenase from escherichia coli top10 pqr239.	the cyclohexanone monooxygenase (chmo) from acinetobacter calcoaceticus ncimb 9871 has been cloned into escherichia coli in an l-arabinose inducible vector. the recombinant e. coli containing the l-arabinose inducible chmo was grown at 1.5 litres under controlled conditions to determine the parameters for growth and induction. it was found that induction with 0.1% (w/v) l-arabinose at late logarithmic phase of growth and growth for a further 2.5 to 3 h gave the optimal chmo titre ( approximately ...	2001	11166822
imp-4, a novel metallo-beta-lactamase from nosocomial acinetobacter spp. collected in hong kong between 1994 and 1998.	between 1994 and 1998, 97 imipenem-resistant acinetobacter isolates were identified at the prince of wales hospital, hong kong, china. a bla(imp) pcr product was obtained from 23 of 35 viable cultures; 12 isolates belonged to genomic dna group 3, 8 belonged to group 2 (acinetobacter baumannii), 2 belonged to group 13tu, and 1 belonged to group 1. the bla(imp) homologues were sequenced from two isolates from genomic dna group 2 and one isolate each from groups 3 and 13tu. the four sequences inclu ...	2001	11181348
protein synthesis patterns in acinetobacter calcoaceticus induced by phenol and catechol show specificities of responses to chemostress.	the proteins induced in acinetobacter calcoaceticus by the potentially toxic growth substrates phenol and catechol were analyzed by 2d-electrophoresis of cell extracts and compared with those induced by heat shock and oxidative stress. although both aromatic compounds are quite similar, the only difference being that catechol has an additional hydroxyl group, the responses obtained differed considerably. phenol has greater lipophilicity and mainly induced heat shock proteins, whereas catechol, w ...	2001	11425483
genetic evidence for a defective xylan degradation pathway in lactococcus lactis.	genetic and biochemical evidence for a defective xylan degradation pathway was found linked to the xylose operon in three lactococcal strains, lactococcus lactis 210, l. lactis io-1, and l. lactis nrrl b-4449. immediately downstream of the xylulose kinase gene (xylb) (k. a. erlandson, j.-h. park, w. el khal, h.-h. kao, p. basaran, s. brydges, and c. a. batt, appl. environ. microbiol. 66:3974-3980, 1999) are two open reading frames encoding a mutarotase (xylm) and a xyloside transporter (xynt) an ...	2001	11282589
evaluation of inoculum addition to stimulate in situ bioremediation of oily-sludge-contaminated soil.	a full-scale study evaluating an inoculum addition to stimulate in situ bioremediation of oily-sludge-contaminated soil was conducted at an oil refinery where the indigenous population of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in the soil was very low (10(3) to 10(4) cfu/g of soil). a feasibility study was conducted prior to the full-scale bioremediation study. in this feasibility study, out of six treatments, the application of a bacterial consortium and nutrients resulted in maximum biodegradation of ...	2001	11282620
development of conventional and real-time pcr assays for detection of legionella dna in respiratory specimens.	the development and validation of a pcr assay based on the use of new 16s ribosomal dna (rdna)-targeted primers to detect legionella dna in respiratory specimens are described. the assay was originally developed as conventional pcr followed by electrophoretic detection and was then adapted to lightcycler format with sybr green i detection and melting curve analysis. the 73 legionella pneumophila strains tested were amplified with both applications. in addition, 21 and 23 out of 27 other legionel ...	2001	11474011
genetic characterization and evolutionary implications of a car gene cluster in the carbazole degrader pseudomonas sp. strain ca10.	the nucleotide sequences of the 27,939-bp-long upstream and 9,448-bp-long downstream regions of the caraaaababbcac(orf7)ad genes of carbazole-degrading pseudomonas sp. strain ca10 were determined. thirty-two open reading frames (orfs) were identified, and the car gene cluster was consequently revealed to consist of 10 genes (caraaaababbcacaddfe) encoding the enzymes for the three-step conversion of carbazole to anthranilate and the degradation of 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate. the high identities ...	2001	11371531
characterization of nonfermenters from clinical samples.	nonfermenters are a group of aerobic non sporing gram-negative bacilli found primarily free in nature and as commensals, whose pathogenic potentials are well established. the current study was conducted to assess the role of these nonfermenters in various infections and to characterize these isolates.	2001	11291970
enantioselective synthesis of tert-butyl tert-butanethiosulfinate catalyzed by cyclohexanone monooxygenase.	cyclohexanone monooxygenase from acinetobacter calcoaceticus catalyzes the asymmetric oxidation of tert-butyl disulfide to enantiomerically pure (r)-tert-butyl tert-butanethiosulfinate. lower enantioselectivities and conversions were observed in the oxidation of i-propyl, n-butyl, p-tolyl tert-butyl disulfides and alkylthiophosphonates.	2001	11135413
long-range (1)h-(15)n heteronuclear shift correlation at natural abundance: a tool to study benzothiazole biodegradation by two rhodococcus strains.	the biodegradation of benzothiazole and 2-hydroxybenzothiazole by two strains of rhodococcus was monitored by reversed phase high-pressure liquid chromatography and by (1)h nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr). both xenobiotics were biotransformed into a hydroxylated derivative of 2-hydroxybenzothiazole by these two strains. the chemical structure of this metabolite was determined by a new nmr methodology: long-range (1)h-(15)n heteronuclear shift correlation without any previous (15)n enrichment of ...	2001	11282584
bovine spongiform encephalopathy and variant creutzfeldt-jakob disease.		2001	11290640
[degradation of mineral oil by acinetobacter calcoaceticus strain].	the acinetobacter calcoaceticus strain tm-31 has been isolated from a microbial assemblage of a pilot plant purifying waste water polluted with mineral oil. this strain is capable of efficient degradation of components of mineral oil (alkanes, isoalkanes, and alkyl residues of the naphthene and arene fraction. the strain bears stably inherited plasmids of sizes 120, 9, and 8 kb, which can be transferred into plasmid-free cells of the parental strain and into bacteria of the genus pseudomonas and ...	2001	11530661
monoclonal antibodies against the iron regulated outer membrane proteins of acinetobacter baumannii are bactericidal.	background: iron is an important nutrient required by all forms of life.in the case of human hosts,the free iron availability is 10(-18) m,which is far less than what is needed for the survival of the invading bacterial pathogen. to survive in such conditions, bacteria express new proteins in their outer membrane and also secrete iron chelators called siderophores. results/ discussion: acinetobacter baumannii atcc 19606, a nosocomial pathogen which grows under iron restricted conditions, express ...	2001	11532195
multiple origins and replication proteins influence biological properties of beta-lactamase-producing plasmids from neisseria gonorrhoeae.	the beta-lactamase-producing asia-type plasmid pjd4 of neisseria gonorrhoeae is a 7.4-kb, broad-host-range plasmid. it is part of a family of plasmids which are structurally related yet vary in size, found in both n. gonorrhoeae and haemophilus ducreyi. branch-point analysis by electron microscopy indicates that pjd4 carries three clustered but distinguishable origins of replication, which we named ori1, ori2, and ori3. although pjd4 belongs to incompatibility (inc) group w, it also carries a si ...	2001	11544207
bacterial diversity in human subgingival plaque.	the purpose of this study was to determine the bacterial diversity in the human subgingival plaque by using culture-independent molecular methods as part of an ongoing effort to obtain full 16s rrna sequences for all cultivable and not-yet-cultivated species of human oral bacteria. subgingival plaque was analyzed from healthy subjects and subjects with refractory periodontitis, adult periodontitis, human immunodeficiency virus periodontitis, and acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. 16s ribos ...	2001	11371542
cloning and expression of the benzoate dioxygenase genes from rhodococcus sp. strain 19070.	the bopxyz genes from the gram-positive bacterium rhodococcus sp. strain 19070 encode a broad-substrate-specific benzoate dioxygenase. expression of the bopxy terminal oxygenase enabled escherichia coli to convert benzoate or anthranilate (2-aminobenzoate) to a nonaromatic cis-diol or catechol, respectively. this expression system also rapidly transformed m-toluate (3-methylbenzoate) to an unidentified product. in contrast, 2-chlorobenzoate was not a good substrate. the bopxyz dioxygenase was ho ...	2001	11375157
chromosomal gene inactivation in the green sulfur bacterium chlorobium tepidum by natural transformation.	conditions for inactivating chromosomal genes of chlorobium tepidum by natural transformation and homologous recombination were established. as a model, mutants unable to perform nitrogen fixation were constructed by interrupting nifd with various antibiotic resistance markers. growth of wild-type c. tepidum at 40 degrees c on agar plates could be completely inhibited by 100 microg of gentamicin ml(-1), 2 microg of erythromycin ml(-1), 30 microg of chloramphenicol ml(-1), or 1 microg of tetracyc ...	2001	11375161
natural transformation of pseudomonas fluorescens and agrobacterium tumefaciens in soil.	little information is available concerning the occurrence of natural transformation of bacteria in soil, the frequency of such events, and the actual role of this process on bacterial evolution. this is because few bacteria are known to possess the genes required to develop competence and because the tested bacteria are unable to reach this physiological state in situ. in this study we found that two soil bacteria, agrobacterium tumefaciens and pseudomonas fluorescens, can undergo transformation ...	2001	11375171
identification of epidemic strains of acinetobacter baumannii by integrase gene pcr.	forty-eight clinical acinetobacter isolates with different epidemic behavior were investigated for the presence of integrons and plasmids and for antibiotic susceptibility. integrons were demonstrated in 50% of the strains by an integrase gene pcr. epidemic strains of acinetobacter baumannii were found to contain significantly more integrons than nonepidemic strains. also, the presence of integrons was significantly correlated with simultaneous resistance to several antibiotics. plasmids were de ...	2001	11136740
resistance-nodulation-cell division-type efflux pump involved in aminoglycoside resistance in acinetobacter baumannii strain bm4454.	multidrug-resistant strain acinetobacter baumannii bm4454 was isolated from a patient with a urinary tract infection. the adeb gene, which encodes a resistance-nodulation-cell division (rnd) protein, was detected in this strain by pcr with two degenerate oligodeoxynucleotides. insertional inactivation of adeb in bm4454, which generated bm4454-1, showed that the corresponding protein was responsible for aminoglycoside resistance and was involved in the level of susceptibility to other drugs inclu ...	2001	11709311
[bacterial causes of meningitis in newborns].	bacterial meningitis jeopardizes the life of affected newborns and in survived children often leaves permanent sequels. the sooner the diagnosis is established and the therapy is started, the more a prosperous outcome can be expected. when the indication is established, lumbar punction should be performed. on the basis of the results of cytological and biochemical analyses of the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) that point to bacterial meningitis, the initial therapy should begin even before the result ...	2001	15637989
monitoring intracellular levels of xylr in pseudomonas putida with a single-chain antibody specific for aromatic-responsive enhancer-binding proteins.	we have isolated a recombinant phage antibody (phab) that binds a distinct epitope of the subclass of the sigma(54)-dependent prokaryotic enhancer-binding proteins that respond directly to aromatic effectors, e.g., those that activate biodegradative operons of pseudomonas spp. the dna segments encoding the variable (v) domains of the immunoglobulins expressed by mice immunized with the c-terminal half of tour (tourdeltaa) of pseudomonas stutzeri ox1 were amplified and rearranged in vitro as sing ...	2001	11544219
modelling bacterial spoilage in cold-filled ready to drink beverages by acinetobacter calcoaceticus and gluconobacter oxydans.	mathematical models were created which predict the growth of spoilage bacteria in response to various preservation systems.	2001	11473588
molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression of genes encoding a polycyclic aromatic ring dioxygenase from mycobacterium sp. strain pyr-1.	mycobacterium sp. strain pyr-1 degrades high-molecular-weight polycyclic hydrocarbons (pahs) primarily through the introduction of both atoms of molecular oxygen by a dioxygenase. to clone the dioxygenase genes involved in pah degradation, two-dimensional (2d) gel electrophoresis of pah-induced proteins from cultures of mycobacterium sp. strain pyr-1 was used to detect proteins that increased after phenanthrene, dibenzothiophene, and pyrene exposure. comparison of proteins from induced and unind ...	2001	11472934
phcs represses gratuitous expression of phenol-metabolizing enzymes in comamonas testosteroni r5.	we identified an open reading frame, designated phcs, downstream of the transcriptional activator gene (phcr) for the expression of multicomponent phenol hydroxylase (mph) in comamonas testosteroni r5. the deduced product of phcs was homologous to aphs of c. testosteroni ta441, which belongs to the gntr family of transcriptional regulators. the transformation of pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1c (phenol negative, catechol positive) with pror502 containing phcr and the mph genes conferred the ability ...	2001	11418563
natural transformation in mesophilic and thermophilic bacteria: identification and characterization of novel, closely related competence genes in acinetobacter sp. strain bd413 and thermus thermophilus hb27.	the mesophile acinetobacter sp. strain bd413 and the extreme thermophile thermus thermophilus hb27 display high frequencies of natural transformation. in this study we identified and characterized a novel competence gene in acinetobacter sp. strain bd413, coma, whose product displays significant similarities to the competence proteins coma and comec in neisseria and bacillus species. transcription of coma correlated with growth phase-dependent transcriptional regulation of the recently identifie ...	2001	11425734
bacterial degradation of natural and synthetic rubber.	the degradation of natural rubber (nr), synthetic poly(cis-1,4-isoprene) (sr), and cross-linked nr (latex gloves) by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was analyzed by weight loss, gel permeation chromatography, and determination of the protein content. weight losses of 11-18% and an increase in protein up to 850 microg/ml after incubation of nocardia sp. dsmz43191, streptomyces coelicolor, streptomyces griseus, bacterial isolate 18a, acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and xanthomonas sp. with l ...	2001	11749186
cross-reaction between the genus-specific lipopolysaccharide antigen of chlamydia spp. and the lipopolysaccharides of porphyromonas gingivalis, escherichia coli o119 and salmonella newington: implications for diagnosis.	seven hybridoma clones, secreting monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the genus-specific chlamydial lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigen were obtained after immunization of balb/c mice with formalin killed chlamydia psittaci. the antigen-binding properties of the mabs were characterized in different immunologic reactions with purified chlamydial elementary bodies and lps antigens from s- and r-forms of gram-negative bacteria. four mabs reacted with the heterologous lps antigens of salmonella r-muta ...	2001	11750161
effect of primers hybridizing to different evolutionarily conserved regions of the small-subunit rrna gene in pcr-based microbial community analyses and genetic profiling.	genetic profiling techniques of microbial communities based on pcr-amplified signature genes, such as denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis or single-strand-conformation polymorphism (sscp) analysis, are normally done with pcr products of less than 500-bp. the most common target for diversity analysis, the small-subunit rrna genes, however, are larger, and thus, only partial sequences can be analyzed. here, we compared the results obtained by pcr targeting different variable (v) regions (v2 an ...	2001	11472932
h(2)o(2)-forming nadh oxidase with diaphorase (cytochrome) activity from archaeoglobus fulgidus.	an enzyme exhibiting nadh oxidase (diaphorase) activity was isolated from the hyperthermophilic sulfate-reducing anaerobe archaeoglobus fulgidus. n-terminal sequence of the protein indicates that it is coded for by open reading frame af0395 in the a. fulgidus genome. the gene af0395 was cloned and its product was purified from escherichia coli. like the native nadh oxidase (noxa2), the recombinant noxa2 (rnoxa2) has an apparent molecular mass of 47 kda, requires flavin adenine dinucleotide for a ...	2001	11717257
diversity of the ring-cleaving dioxygenase gene pcah in a salt marsh bacterial community.	degradation of lignin-related aromatic compounds is an important ecological process in the highly productive salt marshes of the southeastern united states, yet little is known about the mediating organisms or their catabolic pathways. here we report the diversity of a gene encoding a key ring-cleaving enzyme of the beta-ketoadipate pathway, pcah, amplified from bacterial communities associated with decaying spartina alterniflora, the salt marsh grass that dominates these coastal systems, as wel ...	2001	11722937
biodegradation of aromatic compounds by escherichia coli.	although escherichia coli has long been recognized as the best-understood living organism, little was known about its abilities to use aromatic compounds as sole carbon and energy sources. this review gives an extensive overview of the current knowledge of the catabolism of aromatic compounds by e. coli. after giving a general overview of the aromatic compounds that e. coli strains encounter and mineralize in the different habitats that they colonize, we provide an up-to-date status report on th ...	2001	11729263
the genetic organization and evolution of the broad host range mercury resistance plasmid psb102 isolated from a microbial population residing in the rhizosphere of alfalfa.	employing the biparental exogenous plasmid isolation method, conjugative plasmids conferring mercury resistance were isolated from the microbial community of the rhizosphere of field grown alfalfa plants. five different plasmids were identified, designated psb101-psb105. one of the plasmids, psb102, displayed broad host range (bhr) properties for plasmid replication and transfer unrelated to the known incompatibility (inc) groups of bhr plasmids incp-1, incw, incn and inca/c. nucleotide sequence ...	2001	11812851
functions of the mismatch repair gene muts from acinetobacter sp. strain adp1.	the genus acinetobacter encompasses a heterogeneous group of bacteria that are ubiquitous in the natural environment due in part to their ability to adapt genetically to novel challenges. acinetobacter sp. strain adp1 (also known as strain bd413) is naturally transformable and takes up dna from any source. donor dna can be integrated into the chromosome by recombination provided it possesses sufficient levels of nucleotide sequence identity to the recipient's dna. in other bacteria, the requirem ...	2001	11698371
sequence analysis of a 101-kilobase plasmid required for agar degradation by a microscilla isolate.	an agar-degrading marine bacterium identified as a microscilla species was isolated from coastal california marine sediment. this organism harbored a single 101-kb circular dna plasmid designated psd15. the complete nucleotide sequence of psd15 was obtained, and sequence analysis indicated a number of genes putatively encoding a variety of enzymes involved in polysaccharide utilization. the most striking feature was the occurrence of five putative agarase genes. loss of the plasmid, which occurr ...	2001	11722934
characterization of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in rendered animal products.	antibiotics are used in food animal production to treat diseases and also to improve performance. antibiotics are not used on all farms, and antibiotic resistance is occasionally found on farms that do not use antibiotics. rendered animal protein products are often included in poultry feeds and could potentially serve as a source of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. one hundred sixty-five rendered animal protein products from cattle, poultry, and fish were aseptically collected from poultry feed mi ...	2001	11785899
[the detection of phenol degrading strain in environment with specific primer of phenol hydroxylase gene].	a 684 bp oligonucleotide fragment was produced by pcr amplification from phenol-degrading strain acinetobacter calcoaceticus phea-2 with the specific primers of gene encoding phenol hydroxylase. the nucleotide sequence of this fragment and its deduced amino acid sequence share 84% and 98% homology with the phenol hydroxylase gene and its deduced amino acid sequences of phenol-degrading strain acinetobacter calcoaceticus ncib8250. sets of different aromatic compounds degrading strains were used t ...	2001	12549083
thermostable nadp(+)-dependent medium-chain alcohol dehydrogenase from acinetobacter sp. strain m-1: purification and characterization and gene expression in escherichia coli.	nadph-dependent alkylaldehyde reducing enzyme, which was greatly induced by n-hexadecane, from acinetobacter sp. strain m-1 was purified and characterized. the purified enzyme had molecular masses of 40 kda as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and 160 kda as determined by gel filtration chromatography. the enzyme, which was shown to be highly thermostable, was most active toward n-heptanal and could use n-alkylaldehydes ranging from c(2) to c(14) and several ...	2000	11097895
bacterial colonization of disposable soft contact lenses is greater during corneal infiltrative events than during asymptomatic extended lens wear.	microorganisms, especially gram-negative bacteria, are considered to play a role in the etiology of certain corneal infiltrative events (cies) observed during soft contact lens wear. this study explored the possibility of microbial colonization of soft contact lenses as a risk factor leading to cies. in a clinical trial conducted from march 1993 to january 1996, 330 subjects wore disposable soft contact lenses on a 6-night extended-wear and disposal schedule. during this period, 4,321 lenses (11 ...	2000	11101574
the malonate decarboxylase operon of acinetobacter calcoaceticus kccm 40902 is regulated by malonate and the transcriptional repressor mdcy.	a regulatory gene-like open reading frame oriented oppositely to mdcl, coined mdcy, was found upstream from the structural genes of the mdclmacdegbh operon in acinetobacter calcoaceticus kccm 40902. to elucidate the function of this gene, mdcy was expressed in escherichia coli, and the mdcy protein was purified to homogeneity. its dna binding activity and binding site were examined by gel retardation and footprinting assays in vitro and by site-directed mutagenesis of the binding sites in vivo. ...	2000	11053382
recognition of two novel phenons of the genus acinetobacter among non-glucose-acidifying isolates from human specimens.	genomic species diversity among 147 acinetobacter clinical isolates not belonging to the a. calcoaceticus- a. baumannii (acb) complex was investigated by phenotypic and genotypic identification methods. the isolates were obtained between 1991 and 1999 from numerous diagnostic laboratories in the czech republic and were studied by numerical probabilistic identification using two biochemical frequency matrices and amplified rdna restriction analysis (ardra). their final identification was derived ...	2000	11060048
emergence and rapid spread of carbapenem resistance during a large and sustained hospital outbreak of multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii.	beginning in 1992, a sustained outbreak of multiresistant acinetobacter baumannii infections was noted in our 1,000-bed hospital in barcelona, spain, resulting in considerable overuse of imipenem, to which the organisms were uniformly susceptible. in january 1997, carbapenem-resistant (cr) a. baumannii strains emerged and rapidly disseminated in the intensive care units (icus), prompting us to conduct a prospective investigation. it was an 18-month longitudinal intervention study aimed at the id ...	2000	11060073
acinetobacter baumannii-infected vascular catheters collected from horses in an equine clinic.	acinetobacter baumannii was isolated from tips clipped from seven intravenous jugular catheters collected from horses in the ghent university equine clinic. they originated from seven different horses. three of the seven showed evidence of local infection.	2000	11060112
the 4-oxalomesaconate hydratase gene, involved in the protocatechuate 4,5-cleavage pathway, is essential to vanillate and syringate degradation in sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6.	sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6 is able to grow on various dimeric lignin compounds, which are converted to vanillate and syringate by the actions of unique lignin degradation enzymes in this strain. vanillate and syringate are degraded by the o-demethylase and converted into protocatechuate (pca) and 3-o-methylgallate (3mga), respectively. pca is further degraded via the pca 4,5-cleavage pathway, while the results suggested that 3mga is degraded through another pathway in which pca 4,5-dioxygen ...	2000	11092855
knockout of the p-coumarate decarboxylase gene from lactobacillus plantarum reveals the existence of two other inducible enzymatic activities involved in phenolic acid metabolism.	lactobacillus plantarum nc8 contains a pdc gene coding for p-coumaric acid decarboxylase activity (pdc). a food grade mutant, designated lpd1, in which the chromosomal pdc gene was replaced with the deleted pdc gene copy, was obtained by a two-step homologous recombination process using an unstable replicative vector. the lpd1 mutant strain remained able to weakly metabolize p-coumaric and ferulic acids into vinyl derivatives or into substituted phenyl propionic acids. we have shown that l. plan ...	2000	10919793
inducible metabolism of phenolic acids in pediococcus pentosaceus is encoded by an autoregulated operon which involves a new class of negative transcriptional regulator.	pediococcus pentosaceus displays a substrate-inducible phenolic acid decarboxylase (pad) activity on p-coumaric acid. based on dna sequence homologies between the three pads previously cloned, a dna probe of the lactobacillus plantarum pdc gene was used to screen a p. pentosaceus genomic library in order to clone the corresponding gene of this bacteria. one clone detected with this probe displayed a low pad activity. subcloning of this plasmid insertion allowed us to determine the part of the in ...	2000	11073918
effect of field inoculation with sinorhizobium meliloti l33 on the composition of bacterial communities in rhizospheres of a target plant (medicago sativa) and a non-target plant (chenopodium album)-linking of 16s rrna gene-based single-strand conformation polymorphism community profiles to the diversity of cultivated bacteria.	fourteen weeks after field release of luciferase gene-tagged sinorhizobium meliloti l33 in field plots seeded with medicago sativa, we found that the inoculant also occurred in bulk soil from noninoculated control plots. in rhizospheres of m. sativa plants, s. meliloti l33 could be detected in noninoculated plots 12 weeks after inoculation, indicating that growth in the rhizosphere preceded spread into bulk soil. to determine whether inoculation affected bacterial diversity, 1,119 bacteria were ...	2000	10919821
genetic and biochemical characterization of the pathway in pantoea citrea leading to pink disease of pineapple.	pink disease of pineapple, caused by pantoea citrea, is characterized by a dark coloration on fruit slices after autoclaving. this coloration is initiated by the oxidation of glucose to gluconate, which is followed by further oxidation of gluconate to as yet unknown chromogenic compounds. to elucidate the biochemical pathway leading to pink disease, we generated six coloration-defective mutants of p. citrea that were still able to oxidize glucose into gluconate. three mutants were found to be af ...	2000	10735866
flow cytometric techniques to characterise physiological states of acinetobacter calcoaceticus.	monitoring biotechnological processes involves acquiring information about key metabolic events and, ideally, single cell states should be determined to obtain comprehensive data on the physiological status of the surveyed population. in this paper, growth stages of the strain acinetobacter calcoaceticus 69-v were characterised at the single cell level using flow cytometry. four methods for analysing bacterial cellular characteristics by fluorescence were compared with respect to their sensitivi ...	2000	10739345
characterization of the protocatechuic acid catabolic gene cluster from streptomyces sp. strain 2065.	protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase (ec 1.13.11.3) catalyzes the ring cleavage step in the catabolism of aromatic compounds through the protocatechuate branch of the beta-ketoadipate pathway. a protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase was purified from streptomyces sp. strain 2065 grown in p-hydroxybenzoate, and the n-terminal sequences of the beta- and alpha-subunits were obtained. pcr amplification was used for the cloning of the corresponding genes, and dna sequencing of the flanking regions showed that t ...	2000	10742233
characterization of ssfr and ssga, two genes involved in sporulation of streptomyces griseus.	in the presence of cefoxitin, which inhibits septum formation during sporulation, streptomyces griseus is unable to sporulate, retaining the sonication sensitivity of nonsporulating hyphae. cefoxitin- and sonication-resistant mutant skk2600 was isolated and showed many morphological differences from its parental strain. a 3.6-kb dna fragment that complemented the mutations of skk2600 contained two open reading frames (orfs), either of which could complement skk2600. one orf, designated ssfr, enc ...	2000	10986257
genes involved in anaerobic metabolism of phenol in the bacterium thauera aromatica.	genes involved in the anaerobic metabolism of phenol in the denitrifying bacterium thauera aromatica have been studied. the first two committed steps in this metabolism appear to be phosphorylation of phenol to phenylphosphate by an unknown phosphoryl donor ("phenylphosphate synthase") and subsequent carboxylation of phenylphosphate to 4-hydroxybenzoate under release of phosphate ("phenylphosphate carboxylase"). both enzyme activities are strictly phenol induced. two-dimensional gel electrophore ...	2000	11004186
sinorhizobium meliloti puta gene regulation: a new model within the family rhizobiaceae.	proline dehydrogenase (puta) is a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of proline to glutamate. in sinorhizobium meliloti, as in other microorganisms, the puta gene is transcriptionally activated in response to proline. in rhodobacter capsulatus, agrobacterium, and most probably in bradyrhizobium, this activation is dependent on an lrp-like protein encoded by the putr gene, located immediately upstream of puta. interestingly, sequence and genetic analysis of the region upstream of th ...	2000	10715000
a novel phenanthrene dioxygenase from nocardioides sp. strain kp7: expression in escherichia coli.	nocardioides sp. strain kp7 grows on phenanthrene but not on naphthalene. this organism degrades phenanthrene via 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate, o-phthalate, and protocatechuate. the genes responsible for the degradation of phenanthrene to o-phthalate (phd) were found by southern hybridization to reside on the chromosome. a 10.6-kb dna fragment containing eight phd genes was cloned and sequenced. the phda, phdb, phdc, and phdd genes, which encode the alpha and beta subunits of the oxygenase component, ...	2000	10735855
monitoring precursor 16s rrnas of acinetobacter spp. in activated sludge wastewater treatment systems.	recently, cangelosi and brabant used oligonucleotide probes targeting the precursor 16s rrna of escherichia coli to demonstrate that the levels of precursor rrna were more sensitive to changes in growth phase than the levels of total rrna (g. a. cangelosi and w. h. brabant, j. bacteriol. 179:4457-4463, 1997). in order to measure changes in the levels of precursor rrna in activated sludge systems, we designed oligonucleotide probes targeting the 3' region of the precursor 16s rrna of acinetobacte ...	2000	10788395
nosocomial pneumonia in a newborn intensive care unit.	nosocomial pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. the risk is especially high in the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) particularly in infants with mechanically assisted ventilation. during the 5-year period of the study, 160 infants with problems including prematurity (60.6%), respiratory distress (55.6%) and birth asphyxia (45.0%) were admitted to the nicu. one hundred and thirty-three infants (83.1%) received mechanical ventilation. nosocomial pneumo ...	2000	10808699
oxa-24, a novel class d beta-lactamase with carbapenemase activity in an acinetobacter baumannii clinical strain.	acinetobacter baumannii ryc 52763/97, a clinical isolate involved in a prolonged nosocomial outbreak at our hospital, was resistant to all beta-lactams tested, including imipenem and meropenem, which had mics of 128 and 256 microg/ml, respectively. this strain synthesized three beta-lactamases: a plasmid-mediated tem-1 beta-lactamase (pi 5.4), an ampc-type chromosomal cephalosporinase (pi 9.4), and a novel, presumptively chromosomally mediated oxa-related enzyme (pi 9.0) named oxa-24. after clon ...	2000	10817708
bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity of gemifloxacin against acinetobacter spp. in vitro.	this study compared the in vitro bacteriostatic activity of gemifloxacin (sb-265805) and a panel of test antimicrobial agents against 100 clinical isolates of acinetobacter spp. (47 acinetobacter baumannii, 18 acinetobacter anitratus, 18 acinetobacter lwoffii, 13 acinetobacter calcoaceticus and four other acinetobacter spp.). gemifloxacin (mic(50/90) 0.06/16 mg/l) was more than eight-fold more potent than ciprofloxacin (0.5/>128 mg/l), two- to eight-fold more potent than grepafloxacin, moxifloxa ...	2000	10824036
osmoprotection by pipecolic acid in sinorhizobium meliloti: specific effects of d and l isomers.	dl-pipecolic acid (dl-pip) promotes growth restoration of sinorhizobium meliloti cells facing inhibitory hyperosmolarity. surprisingly, d and l isomers of this imino acid supplied separately were not effective. the uptake of l-pip was significantly favored in the presence of the d isomer and by a hyperosmotic stress. chromatographic analysis of the intracellular solutes showed that stressed cells did not accumulate radiolabeled l-pip. rather, it participates in the synthesis of the main endogeno ...	2000	10831411
recovery of bordetella holmesii from patients with pertussis-like symptoms: use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to characterize circulating strains.	a 4-year retrospective study showing that we isolated bordetella holmesii, but not bordetella pertussis, from patients with pertussis-like symptoms was performed. from 1995 through 1998, we isolated b. holmesii from 32 nasopharyngeal specimens that had been submitted from patients suspected of having pertussis. previously, b. holmesii had been associated mainly with septicemia and was not thought to be associated with respiratory illness. a study was undertaken to describe the characteristics of ...	2000	10834997
key aromatic-ring-cleaving enzyme, protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase, in the ecologically important marine roseobacter lineage.	aromatic compound degradation in six bacteria representing an ecologically important marine taxon of the alpha-proteobacteria was investigated. initial screens suggested that isolates in the roseobacter lineage can degrade aromatic compounds via the beta-ketoadipate pathway, a catabolic route that has been well characterized in soil microbes. six roseobacter isolates were screened for the presence of protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase, a key enzyme in the beta-ketoadipate pathway. all six isolates ...	2000	11055908
comp, a pilin-like protein essential for natural competence in acinetobacter sp. strain bd413: regulation, modification, and cellular localization.	we recently identified a pilin-like competence factor, comp, which is essential for natural transformation of the gram-negative soil bacterium acinetobacter sp. strain bd413. here we demonstrate that transcription and synthesis of the pilin-like competence factor comp are maximal in the late stationary growth phase, whereas competence is induced immediately after inoculation of a stationary-phase culture into fresh medium. western blot analyses revealed three forms of comp, one with an apparent ...	2000	10850981
development and application of small-subunit rrna probes for assessment of selected thiobacillus species and members of the genus acidiphilium.	culture-dependent studies have implicated sulfur-oxidizing bacteria as the causative agents of acid mine drainage and concrete corrosion in sewers. thiobacillus species are considered the major representatives of the acid-producing bacteria in these environments. small-subunit rrna genes from all of the thiobacillus and acidiphilium species catalogued by the ribosomal database project were identified and used to design oligonucleotide dna probes. two oligonucleotide probes were synthesized to co ...	2000	10877807
long-chain aldehyde dehydrogenase that participates in n-alkane utilization and wax ester synthesis in acinetobacter sp. strain m-1.	a long-chain aldehyde dehydrogenase, ald1, was found in a soluble fraction of acinetobacter sp. strain m-1 cells grown on n-hexadecane as a sole carbon source. the gene (ald1) was cloned from the chromosomal dna of the bacterium. the open reading frame of ald1 was 1,512 bp long, corresponding to a protein of 503 amino acid residues (molecular mass, 55,496 da), and the deduced amino acid sequence showed high similarity to those of various aldehyde dehydrogenases. the ald1 gene was stably expresse ...	2000	10919810
simultaneous identification of two cyclohexanone oxidation genes from an environmental brevibacterium isolate using mrna differential display.	the technique of mrna differential display was used to identify simultaneously two metabolic genes involved in the degradation of cyclohexanone in a new halotolerant brevibacterium environmental isolate. in a strategy based only on the knowledge that cyclohexanone oxidation was inducible in this strain, the mrna population of cells exposed to cyclohexanone was compared to that of control cells using reverse transcription-pcr reactions primed with a collection of 81 arbitrary oligonucleotides. th ...	2000	10894733
starvation improves survival of bacteria introduced into activated sludge.	a phenol-degrading bacterium, ralstonia eutropha e2, was grown in luria-bertani (lb) medium or in an inorganic medium (called mp) supplemented with phenol and harvested at the late-exponential-growth phase. phenol-acclimated activated sludge was inoculated with the e2 cells immediately after harvest or after starvation in mp for 2 or 7 days. the densities of the e2 populations in the activated sludge were then monitored by quantitative pcr. the e2 cells grown on phenol and starved for 2 days (p- ...	2000	10966407
molecular surveillance of european quinolone-resistant clinical isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter spp. using automated ribotyping.	nosocomial isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter spp. exhibit high rates of resistance to antibiotics and are often multidrug resistant. in a previous study (d. milatovic, a. fluit, s. brisse, j. verhoef, and f. j. schmitz, antimicrob. agents chemother. 44:1102-1107, 2000), isolates of these species that were resistant to sitafloxacin, a new advanced-generation fluoroquinolone with a high potency and a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, were found in high proportion in 23 e ...	2000	11015376
acinetobacter calcoaceticus pneumonia and the formation of pneumatoceles.	pneumatoceles are cystic lesions of the lungs often seen in children with staphylococcal pneumonia and positive-pressure ventilation. acinetobacter calcoaceticus is an aerobic, short immobile gram-negative rod, or coccobacillus, which is an omnipresent saprophyte. the variant anitratus is the most clinically significant pathogen in this family, usually presenting as a lower respiratory tract infection. acinetobacter has been demonstrated to be one of the most common organisms found in the icu. w ...	2000	10823547
ca2+-assisted, direct hydride transfer, and rate-determining tautomerization of c5-reduced pqq to pqqh2, in the oxidation of beta-d-glucose by soluble, quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase.	spectral and kinetic studies were performed on enzyme forms of soluble glucose dehydrogenase of the bacterium acinetobacter calcoaceticus (sgdh) in which the pqq-activating ca(2+) was absent (holo x) or was replaced with ba(2+) (ba-e) or in which pqq was replaced with an analogue or a derivative called "nitropqq" (e-npq). although exhibiting diminished rates, just like sgdh, all enzyme forms were able to oxidize a broad spectrum of aldose sugars, and their reduced forms could be oxidized with th ...	2000	10924133
genetic analysis of a gene cluster for cyclohexanol oxidation in acinetobacter sp. strain se19 by in vitro transposition.	biological oxidation of cyclic alcohols normally results in formation of the corresponding dicarboxylic acids, which are further metabolized and enter the central carbon metabolism in the cell. we isolated an acinetobacter sp. from an industrial wastewater bioreactor that utilized cyclohexanol as a sole carbon source. a cosmid library was constructed from acinetobacter sp. strain se19, and oxidation of cyclohexanol to adipic acid was demonstrated in recombinant escherichia coli carrying a se19 d ...	2000	10940013
purification and characterization of lipase from psychrophilic acinetobacter calcoaceticus lp009.	a lipase-producing bacterium, acinetobacter calcoacetius lp009, was isolated from raw milk. the optimum conditions for growth and lipase production by a. calcoaceticus lp009 were 15 degrees c with shaking at 200 rpm in lb supplemented with 1.0% (v/v) tween 80. the crude lipase was purified to homogeneous state by ultrafiltration and gel filtration chromatography on sephadex g-100. its molecular weight determined by sds-page was 23 kda and it exhibited maximum activity at ph 7.0 and 50 degrees c. ...	2000	10950191
clinical and microbiological characteristics of bacteremia caused by acinetobacter lwoffii.	a retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical features and pathogenic roles of bacteremia caused by acinetobacter lwoffii during a 4-year period. acinetobacter lwoffii (formerly acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. lwoffii) is recognized as normal flora of the skin, oropharynx and perineum of healthy individuals. there are few reports of acinetobacter lwoffii bacteremia associated with indwelling catheters in humans, particularly in immunocompromised hosts. the records of 18 patients w ...	2000	10968320
pseudo-outbreak of imipenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii resulting from false susceptibility testing by a rapid automated system.	introduction of the vitek gns-506 susceptibility testing cards in the hippokration general hospital, thessaloniki, greece, resulted in an apparently high prevalence of imipenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii. when 35 of these isolates were further tested by disk diffusion, broth microdilution, and agar dilution assays, 32 were imipenem sensitive by all tests and three were sensitive or intermediate, depending on the method. the pseudoresistant acinetobacters did not form a genetically homogen ...	2000	10970417
ssga is essential for sporulation of streptomyces coelicolor a3(2) and affects hyphal development by stimulating septum formation.	the role of ssga in cell division and development of streptomycetes was analyzed. an ssga null mutant of streptomyces coelicolor produced aerial hyphae but failed to sporulate, and ssga can therefore be regarded as a novel whi gene. in addition to the morphological changes, antibiotic production was also disturbed, with strongly reduced actinorhodin production. these defects could be complemented by plasmid-borne ssga. in the wild-type strain, transcription of ssga was induced by nutritional shi ...	2000	11004161
characterization of the genes for two protocatechuate 3, 4-dioxygenases from the 4-sulfocatechol-degrading bacterium agrobacterium radiobacter strain s2.	the genes for two different protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenases (p34os) were cloned from the 4-sulfocatechol-degrading bacterium agrobacterium radiobacter strain s2 (dsmz 5681). the pcah1g1 genes encoded a p34o (p34o-i) which oxidized protocatechuate but not 4-sulfocatechol. these genes were part of a protocatechuate-degradative operon which strongly resembled the isofunctional operon from the protocatechuate-degrading strain agrobacterium tumefaciens a348 described previously by d. parke (fems mic ...	2000	11029433
positive selection for mutations affecting bioconversion of aromatic compounds in agrobacterium tumefaciens: analysis of spontaneous mutations in the protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase gene.	a positive selection method for mutations affecting bioconversion of aromatic compounds was applied to a mutant strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens a348. the nucleotide sequence of the a348 pcahgb genes, which encode protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase (pcahg) and beta-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate cycloisomerase (pcab) for the first two steps in catabolism of the diphenolic protocatechuate, was determined. an omega element was introduced into the pcab gene of a348, creating strain ado2077. in the presen ...	2000	11029436
3,4-dihydrocoumarin hydrolase with haloperoxidase activity from acinetobacter calcoaceticus f46.	a novel lactonohydrolase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of 3,4-dihydrocoumarin, was purified 375-fold to apparent homogeneity, with a 22.7% overall recovery, from acinetobacter calcoaceticus f46, which was isolated as a fluorene-assimilating micro-organism. the molecular mass of the native enzyme, as estimated by high-performance gel-permeation chromatography, is 56 kda, and the subunit molecular mass is 30 kda. the enzyme specifically hydrolyzes 3,4-dihydrocoumarin, and the km and vma ...	2000	10601844
comparison of different pcr approaches for typing of francisella tularensis strains.	in this study, we evaluated three pcr methods for epidemiological typing of francisella tularensis: repetitive extragenic palindromic element pcr (rep-pcr), enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence pcr (eric-pcr), and random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) assay with both m13 and t3-t7 primers. the analysis was performed with 40 strains of f. tularensis isolated from hares, humans, ticks, and a vole. on the basis of the combination of rep, eric, and rapd fingerprints, f. tularen ...	2000	10698989
improved repetitive-element pcr fingerprinting of salmonella enterica with the use of extremely elevated annealing temperatures.	modified thermal cycling conditions were explored in an effort to improve the reproducibility and resolving power of repetitive-element pcr (rep-pcr) fingerprinting. assay performance was rigorously evaluated under standard and modified cycling conditions, using as a test set 12 strains putatively representing 12 serovars of salmonella enterica. for all three fingerprint types (eric2, boxa1r, and composite fingerprints), the use of extremely elevated annealing temperatures plus an initial "touch ...	2000	10702502
detection of clarithromycin-resistant helicobacter pylori strains by a preferential homoduplex formation assay.	it has been shown that resistance to clarithromycin, a major cause of failure in helicobacter pylori eradication therapy, is associated with point mutations in the 23s rrna gene. we sought to apply the preferential homoduplex formation assay (phfa), a novel technique for the efficient detection of point mutations, to detection of the mutations. phfa was performed on streptavidin-coated microtiter plates with biotin- and dinitrophenyl-labeled amplicons to detect the wild-type gene or each mutant ...	2000	10618089
generation of novel bacterial regulatory proteins that detect priority pollutant phenols.	the genetic systems of bacteria that have the ability to use organic pollutants as carbon and energy sources can be adapted to create bacterial biosensors for the detection of industrial pollution. the creation of bacterial biosensors is hampered by a lack of information about the genetic systems that control production of bacterial enzymes that metabolize pollutants. we have attempted to overcome this problem through modification of dmpr, a regulatory protein for the phenol degradation pathway ...	2000	10618218