Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| rich dynamics of a hepatitis b viral infection model with logistic hepatocyte growth. | chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is a major cause of human suffering, and a number of mathematical models have examined within-host dynamics of the disease. most previous hbv infection models have assumed that: (a) hepatocytes regenerate at a constant rate from a source outside the liver; and/or (b) the infection takes place via a mass action process. assumption (a) contradicts experimental data showing that healthy hepatocytes proliferate at a rate that depends on current liver size re ... | 2010 | 19533136 |
| the response to hepatitis b vaccine: does it differ in celiac disease? | there is a relationship between nonresponsiveness to hepatitis b virus (hbv) vaccine and certain human leukocyte antigen (hla) genotypes. in healthy population, 4-10% vaccine recipients fail to produce protective levels of antibodies to the hbv vaccine after standard immunization depending upon age and the presence of various underlying diseases. celiac disease (cd) is an hla-associated immunological disease. it has been suggested that certain hla haplotypes which are linked to cd are associated ... | 2010 | 19584738 |
| maxiprep genomic dna extractions for molecular epidemiology studies and biorepositories. | molecular epidemiology and genomic characterisation studies require the screening of large numbers of individuals to achieve statistical significance. although many of the novel dna extraction methods offer convenient, high-throughput capabilities, their use for the processing of larger sample volumes becomes very expensive. we are currently compiling the mexican genomic dna collection in order to address specific health priorities through molecular techniques. our approach employs a low-cost la ... | 2010 | 19609718 |
| production of recombinant human erythropoietin/fc fusion protein by genetically manipulated chickens. | we previously reported the production of human erythropoietin (hepo) using genetically manipulated (gm) chickens. the recombinant hepo was produced in the serum and egg white of the gm chickens, and the oligosaccharide chain structures of the serum-derived hepo were more favorable than those of the egg white-derived hepo. in the present study, a retroviral vector encoding an expression cassette for a fusion protein of hepo and the fc region of human immunoglobulin g (hepo/fc) was injected into d ... | 2010 | 19653112 |
| hepatitis b virus x protein overcomes stress-induced premature senescence by repressing p16(ink4a) expression via dna methylation. | cellular senescence is an important tumor suppression process under diverse oncogenic conditions, entering a state of irreversible growth arrest to prevent damaged cells from undergoing aberrant proliferation. developing a means of evading senescence thus seems to be a fundamental task that all cancer cells should solve early on. here, we show that an oncogenic x protein of hepatitis b virus (hbx) overcomes cellular senescence provoked by a universal premature senescence inducer, h(2)o(2), in hu ... | 2010 | 19656618 |
| development of a wilms' tumor antigen-specific t-cell receptor for clinical trials: engineered patient's t cells can eliminate autologous leukemia blasts in nod/scid mice. | the wilms' tumor antigen (wt1) is an attractive target for immunotherapy of leukemia. in the past, we isolated and characterized the specificity and function of a wt1-specific t-cell receptor. the goal of this translational study was to develop a safe and efficient wt1-t-cell receptor retroviral vector for an adoptive immunotherapy trial with engineered t cells. | 2010 | 19679884 |
| blood donor screening with cobas s 201/cobas taqscreen mpx under routine conditions at german red cross institutes. | in 1997 the german red cross (grc) blood donor services introduced mini-pool nucleic acid testing (nat) for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-1, hepatitis c virus (hcv) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) to increase blood safety. with the new cobas s 201/cobas taqscreen mpx, a fully automated extraction method and a multiplex amplification system specifically adapted to the needs of blood donation services is available. | 2010 | 19682348 |
| the efficacy of individual-donation and minipool testing to detect low-level hepatitis b virus dna in taiwan. | financial constraints are the main concern in implementing nucleic acid testing (nat) as routine blood screening in taiwan. the procleix ultrio assay (ultrio) on the tigris system (novartis diagnostics) was evaluated for its operational performance both for individual-donation testing (idt) and in minipools of 4 (mp4) to develop a feasible solution. | 2010 | 19709394 |
| fertility needs and funding in couples with blood-borne viral infection. | couples infected with hiv, hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) are increasingly seeking assisted conception. these couples avoid unprotected intercourse and use condoms at all times in order to minimize the risk of infecting their partner. as this practice inhibits pregnancy, assisted procreation is generally required for safe conception. for many couples, access to such services is restricted on ethical, geographical and financial grounds. | 2010 | 19732177 |
| hepatitis b virus x protein induces hypermethylation of p16(ink4a) promoter via dna methyltransferases in the early stage of hbv-associated hepatocarcinogenesis. | the aim of the present study was to authenticate the involvement of dna methyltransferases (dnmts) and methyl-cpg binding domain protein 2 (mbd2) in the process of hbx induced p16(ink4a) promoter hypermethylation in hbv-related hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) and their corresponding noncancerous liver tissues. eighty-eight fresh tissue specimens of surgically resected hbv-associated hcc and their corresponding noncancerous liver tissues were studied. the methylation status of the p16(ink4a) promo ... | 2010 | 19732323 |
| down-regulation of c-met expression inhibits human hcc cells growth and invasion by rna interference. | cell migration is a basis for invasion and metastasis of malignant tumors. receptor tyrosine kinases are recognized as important therapeutic targets in antineoplastic strategies. c-met is a receptor tyrosine kinase highly expressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) cell line mhcc97-h. higher expression of c-met in tumor tissue can lead to scattering, angiogenesis, proliferation, enhanced cell motility, invasion, and eventually, metastasis. to explore the roles of c-met in modulating the mo ... | 2010 | 19765730 |
| multi-variety bone bank in china. | this is a descriptive report of the establishment and operation of a chinese bone bank, though not a typical one. while being engaged in collection, processing and storage of allogeneic tissues, the bone bank to which the author belongs concurrently develops and produces new, non-human derived, graft materials. among others is reconstituted bone xenograft (rbx) which possesses strong osteoinductive capability without evoking immune rejection. hence, its appellation "multi-variety bone bank," whi ... | 2010 | 19768577 |
| occupational coke oven emissions exposure and risk of abnormal liver function: modifications of body mass index and hepatitis virus infection. | occupational coke oven emissions (coes) have been considered an important health issue. however, there are no conclusive data on human hepatic injury due to coe exposure. the association of coe exposure with liver function was explored and the effects of modification of potential non-occupational factors were assessed. | 2010 | 19773278 |
| bioactive flavones and biflavones from selaginella moellendorffii hieron. | three new flavones named 5-carboxymethyl-4',7-dihydroxyflavone (1), its ethyl ester (2) and butyl ester (3) were isolated from the herb selaginella moellendorffii hieron., together with ten known compounds. their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical analysis. selected compounds were evaluated for their anti-hbv and cytotoxic activity. among them, compounds 2 and 3 displayed inhibitory activity in vitro on hepatitis b virus (hbv) surface antigen (hbsag) secretion ... | 2010 | 19775597 |
| +49g > a polymorphism in the cytotoxic t-lymphocyte antigen-4 gene increases susceptibility to hepatitis b-related hepatocellular carcinoma in a male chinese population. | cytotoxic t-lymphocyte antigen 4 (ctla-4) is an important regulator and functions negatively in immune response. its nonsynonymous polymorphism +49g > a (dbsnp: rs231775) has been linked to an elevated risk of t-cell-mediated autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and even carcinomas. here, we examined the genotypes at rs231775 of 1003 subjects in a han chinese population to detect the association between this single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) and hepatitis b virus (hbv)-related hepatocell ... | 2010 | 19778566 |
| serum levels of interleukin-10 and interleukin-12 predict early, spontaneous hepatitis b virus e antigen seroconversion. | this prospective cohort study aimed to determine the effect of cytokines on spontaneous hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag) seroconversion in patients with chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection. | 2010 | 19782084 |
| human dead-box protein 3 has multiple functions in gene regulation and cell cycle control and is a prime target for viral manipulation. | the human dead-box rna helicase ddx3 has been implicated to play a role in the whole repertoire of processes regulating gene expression, including transcription, splicing, mrna export and translation. it has also been suggested to be involved in cell cycle control and the regulation of apoptosis. in addition, ddx3 was recently shown to be part of innate immune signalling pathways and to contribute to the induction of anti-viral mediators, such as type i interferon. interestingly, ddx3 appears to ... | 2010 | 19782656 |
| berberine lowers blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients through increasing insulin receptor expression. | our previous work demonstrated that berberine (bbr) increases insulin receptor (insr) expression and improves glucose utility both in vitro and in animal models. here, we study the insr-up-regulating and glucose-lowering activities of bbr in humans. our results showed that bbr increased insr messenger rna and protein expression in a variety of human cell lines, including cem, hct-116, sw1990, ht1080, 293t, and hepatitis b virus-transfected human liver cells. accordingly, insulin-stimulated phosp ... | 2010 | 19800084 |
| antiviral intrahepatic t-cell responses can be restored by blocking programmed death-1 pathway in chronic hepatitis b. | the antiviral function of peripheral hepatitis b virus (hbv)-specific t cells can be increased in patients with chronic hepatitis b by blocking the interaction of programmed death (pd)-1 with its ligand pd-l1. however, no information is available about the effects of this blockade on intrahepatic lymphocytes. we studied t-cell exhaustion and the effects of pd-1/pd-l1 blockade on intrahepatic and circulating hbv-specific t cells in patients with chronic hepatitis b. | 2010 | 19800335 |
| an intronic polymorphism in the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 gene increases susceptibility to hbv-related hepatocellular carcinoma in chinese population. | corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 (crhr2) plays a role in both the central nervous system (cns) and the peripheral nervous system. crhr2 together with its ligands, urocortins (ucns) and corticotropin-releasing hormone (crh), functions as a mediator of inflammatory response and inhibitor of angiogenesis. recently, it has been reported to be expressed in many human cancers. an association between rs2267716 polymorphism in the crhr2 gene and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) ... | 2010 | 19813023 |
| hepatitis b virus x protein overcomes the growth-inhibitory potential of retinoic acid by downregulating retinoic acid receptor-beta2 expression via dna methylation. | aberrant promoter methylation of retinoic acid receptor-beta(2) (rar-beta(2)) is frequently detected in hepatitis b virus (hbv)-positive hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc); however, the mechanism of methylation and its biological significance are unknown. this study showed that hbx, the principal oncogene product of hbv, induced promoter hypermethylation of rar-beta(2) via upregulation of dna methyltransferases 1 and 3a, resulting in downregulation of its expression in human hcc cells. in addition, ... | 2010 | 19828754 |
| current issues in the management of paediatric viral hepatitis. | viral hepatitis poses important problems for children. in preschoolers, hepatitis a virus (hav) infection frequently causes acute liver failure. vaccinating toddlers against hav in countries with high endemicity is expected to decrease mortality. hav vaccine demonstrates efficacy (comparable to immunoglobulin) as post-exposure prophylaxis. a recently developed vaccine against hepatitis e virus (hev) may benefit fetal health, because pregnant women are most prone to acute liver failure as a resul ... | 2010 | 19840256 |
| the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections in sub-saharan africa. | blood transfusions carry the risk of transmitting infections. this risk has been studied in detail in high-income countries but not in sub-saharan africa. this study estimates the risks of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), or hepatitis c virus (hcv) from a single unit of blood in sub-saharan africa. | 2010 | 19843290 |
| gut microbes define liver cancer risk in mice exposed to chemical and viral transgenic hepatocarcinogens. | hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) frequently results from synergism between chemical and infectious liver carcinogens. worldwide, the highest incidence of hcc is in regions endemic for the foodborne contaminant aflatoxin b1 (afb1) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection. recently, gut microbes have been implicated in multisystemic diseases including obesity and diabetes. here, the hypothesis that specific intestinal bacteria promote liver cancer was tested in chemical and viral transgenic mouse model ... | 2010 | 19850960 |
| human immuno-deficiency virus and hepatitis b virus coinfection in pregnancy at the university college hospital, ibadan. | human immuno-deficiency virus (hiv) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) share common modes of transmission which include blood borne and the vertical routes. although, the natural course of hiv does not appear altered by hbv, the rate of liver-related deaths is several times higher among hiv/hbv co-infected persons. clinicians providing care for hiv positive individuals, including pregnant women, need to be aware of this problem. this is a 2-year cross-sectional study that commenced in january 2006, amo ... | 2010 | 21735996 |
| studies on viral disinfection: an evaluation of moist heat disinfection for hbv by using a0 concept defined in iso 15883-washer-disinfectors. | international organization for standardization (iso) 15883 for washer-disinfectors has introduced the a(0) concept to allow comparison of the lethality of moist heat processes. the a(0) value is the equivalent disinfection time in seconds at 80 °c calculated on the basis of microbial killing kinetics when the disinfection temperature is over 65 °c. hepatitis b virus (hbv), transmissible only to humans and chimpanzees, is an important heat-resistant, blood-borne pathogen. therefore, it is mandato ... | 2010 | 21502033 |
| debilitating clinical disease in a wild-born captive western lowland gorilla (gorilla gorilla gorilla) co-infected with varicella zoster virus (vzv) and simian t-lymphotropic virus (stlv). | a wild-born, 34-yr-old female western lowland gorilla (gorilla gorilla gorilla) was transferred between zoologic collections in the united kingdom. adjustment to its new environment was difficult and a series of health problems ensued. progressive severe illness of multiple etiologies, and a failure to respond to multiple therapies, led to its euthanasia 5 mo later. disease processes included severe thoracic and axillary cutaneous ulceration of t2-3 dermatome distribution, gastroenteritis, ulcer ... | 2010 | 21370655 |
| [role of the pd-1/pd-l1 pathway in immunopathology of hbv infection as the chance on the new therapeutic strategy]. | many individuals infected with hbv become chronic carriers and they liver disease may progress to cirrhosis and hcc. the newest data suggests that the interaction between positive and negative costimulatory molecules expressed on t cells are performing the role in the regulation oft cells immune response. in the last years they were described programmed death-1 (pd-1) [cd279] and programmed death-ligand 1 (pd-l1) [cd274] in immunopathology of hbv infections. in acute exacerbation of hepatitis b, ... | 2010 | 21473062 |
| deregulation of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (hnf4)as a marker of epithelial tumors progression. | tissue-specific transcription factors forming the regulatory cascades which determine the specification and differentiation of epithelial cells during embryogenesis, play the central role in the control of functional and morphological properties of different cell types. hepatocyte nuclear factors (hnfs) network is one of the most investigated tissue-specific regulatory systems which controls the specification and maintenance of differentiation of several epithelial cell types. nuclear receptor h ... | 2010 | 21403612 |
| [infection with hepatitis b virus enhances basal autophagy]. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) is a major human pathogen that chronically infects 400 million people worldwide. chronic infection of hbv plays a key role in the pathogenesis of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). to clarify the mechanism of hbv-related hcc and immune escape of hbv, we investigated the relationship between infection of hbv and basal autophagy. | 2010 | 21365919 |
| [new guidelines for investigating and evaluating the virucidal activity of disinfectants]. | the diversity of viruses that cause human infectious diseases and problems in culturing some of them, such as hepatitis a, b, and c viruses and hiv, necessitate a search for test viruses that are closely resistant to disinfectants. the early methodical documents and the new one "guidelines for investigating and evaluating the virucidal activity of disinfectants" (my 3.5.2431-08) include poliovirus (vaccine strain) as one of the test viruses. adenovirus and thermoresistant parvovirus are addition ... | 2010 | 21344697 |
| [establishment of hepatitis b virus (hbv) chronic infection mouse model by in vivo transduction with a recombinant adeno-associated virus 8 carrying 1. 3 copies of hbv genome (raan8-1. 3hbv)]. | in this report, we developed a hbv infection model in c57bl/6 mouse line by in vivo injection of a recombinant adeno-associated virus 8 vector carrying 1. 3 copies of hbv genome (ayw subtype) (raav8-1. 3hbv). we firstly prepared and purified the raav8-1. 3hbv and then injected it into three c57bl/6 mice with the dose of 2 x 10e11vg, respectively. hbsag and hbeag were assayed in sera collected at different time points post injection. ten weeks post injection, the three mice were sacrificed and bl ... | 2010 | 21344744 |
| [association of serum hbv dna level with cytotoxic t lymphocytes in patients with hbv-induced hepatic cirrhosis]. | to explore the association of serum hbv dna level with hbv-specific and nonspecific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) in patients with hbv-induced hepatic cirrhosis. | 2010 | 21280314 |
| postexposure prophylaxis for deadly bloodborne viral infections. | the purpose of this report is to discuss management of operating room personnel who have had occupational exposure to blood and other body fluids that might contain hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), and human t-cell lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-i). hbv postexposure prophylaxis includes starting hepatitis b vaccine series in any susceptible unvaccinated operating room personnel who sustain an exposure to blood or body fluid during surgery. po ... | 2010 | 21284594 |
| needlestick an sharps injuries among theatre care professionals. | health care professionals are exposed to blood and other body fluids in the course of their work: (al-benna et al 2008). the world health organisation (2003) estimates that 9% of the 35 million healthcare professionals worldwide will experience percutaneous exposure to bloodborne pathogens each year (who 2003). in the u.k. about 100,000 sharps injuries occur in nhs hospitals each year (trim & elliott 2003). this is 17% of all accidents involving nhs staff (nao 2003). four percent of nhs staff su ... | 2010 | 21265403 |
| mechanism of inhibiting type i interferon induction by hepatitis b virus x protein. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) is regarded as a stealth virus, invading and replicating efficiently in human liver undetected by host innate antiviral immunity. here, we show that type i interferon (ifn) induction but not its downstream signaling is blocked by hbv replication in hepg2.2.15 cells. this effect may be partially due to hbv x protein (hbx), which impairs ifnβ promoter activation by both sendai virus (sev) and components implicated in signaling by viral sensors. as a deubiquitinating enzyme ... | 2010 | 21213104 |
| [the influence of human immunodeficiency virus co-infection with hepatitis c virus and hepatitis b virus on the efficacy of high active anti-retroviral therapy]. | to evaluate the impact of hiv co-infection with hcv or hbv on the efficacy of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (harrt). | 2010 | 21211210 |
| immunisation of adolescents in the uk. | the recent introduction of routine immunisation against human papillomavirus (hpv) in adolescent girls in the uk has focused attention on the potential for immunisation in this age group. in this review the authors suggest that this is an opportunity that is not being fully utilised. in particular, there are arguments for adolescent vaccines to boost immunity against bordetella pertussis and neisseria meningitidis infections, and the successful implementation of the hpv vaccine could be taken as ... | 2010 | 21119024 |
| meeting vaccination quality measures for hepatitis a and b virus in patients with chronic hepatitis c infection. | coinfection with hepatitis a virus (hav) or hepatitis b virus (hbv) in patients with chronic hepatitis c virus (hcv) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. the center for medicare and medicaid services has identified hav and hbv vaccination as a priority area for quality measurement in hcv. it is unclear to what extent patients with hcv meet these recommendations. we used national data from the department of veterans affairs hcv clinical case registry to evaluate the prevalence an ... | 2010 | 21254161 |
| comparison of the mechanisms of drug resistance among hiv, hepatitis b, and hepatitis c. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), and hepatitis c virus (hcv) are the most prevalent deadly chronic viral diseases. hiv is treated by small molecule inhibitors. hbv is treated by immunomodulation and small molecule inhibitors. hcv is currently treated primarily by immunomodulation but many small molecules are in clinical development. although hiv is a retrovirus, hbv is a double-stranded dna virus, and hcv is a single-stranded rna virus, antiviral drug resistance compl ... | 2010 | 21243082 |
| [effect of hepatitis b virus x gene on the expression of spastic paraplegia 21]. | to investigate the effect of hepatitis b virus(hbv) x gene on the expression of spg21. | 2010 | 21205478 |
| identification of histone deacetylase 3 as a biomarker for tumor recurrence following liver transplantation in hbv-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. | recent studies have shown that high expression levels of class i histone deacetylases (hdacs) correlate with malignant phenotype and poor prognosis in some human tumors. however, the expression patterns and prognostic role of class i hdac isoforms in hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) remain unclear. | 2010 | 21206745 |
| strong influence of human leukocyte antigen (hla)-dp gene variants on development of persistent chronic hepatitis b virus carriers in the han chinese population. | chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is a major health issue, especially in asia. a recent genome-wide association study (gwas) implicated genetic variants in the human leukocyte antigen (hla)-dp locus associated with chronic hepatitis b in japanese and thai populations. to confirm whether the polymorphisms at the hla-dp genes are associated with persistent chronic hbv infection in han chinese, we conducted an independent case-control study using 521 persistent chronic hbv carriers and 819 ... | 2010 | 21207448 |
| human liver-specific nanocarrier in a novel mouse xenograft model bearing noncancerous human liver tissue. | for the targeted delivery of genes and drugs to the human liver, hepatitis b virus (hbv) envelope l particles, which form hollow nanoparticles and display a peptide that is indispensable for liver-specific infection by hbv in humans, should be a useful tool. to test the efficacy of these particles in vivo, in the present study we generated a small animal model harboring a functional human liver tissue xenograft. an anti-asialo gm1 antibody was administered to scid mice to induce the depletion of ... | 2010 | 21178358 |
| efficacy and safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in patients with chronic hepatitis b. | chronic hepatitis b (chb) is prevalent worldwide. it may cause cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. treatment for this condition may need to be lifelong, thus the drugs used must be both efficacious and safe. clinical trials of tenofovir have demonstrated a good safety profile for this drug and it has potent antiviral properties. however, to better characterize the safety of this drug, the postmarketing surveillance must be taken into account. clinicians need to be vigilant, as infrequent adv ... | 2010 | 21180595 |
| no resistance to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate detected after up to 144 weeks of therapy in patients monoinfected with chronic hepatitis b virus. | tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (tdf) is a nucleotide analogue with potent activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and hepatitis b virus (hbv). to date, no reports of hbv clinical resistance to tdf have been confirmed. in two phase 3 studies (gs-us-174-0102 and gs-us-174-0103), 375 hepatitis b e antigen-negative (hbeag(-)) patients and 266 hbeag(+) patients with chronic hepatitis b (some nucleoside-naive and some lamivudine-experienced) were randomized 2:1 to receive tdf (n = 426) or ... | 2010 | 21181801 |
| cpg oligodeoxynucleotide-adjuvanted fusion peptide derived from hbcag epitope and hiv-tat may elicit favorable immune response in pbmcs from patients with chronic hbv infection in the immunotolerant phase. | the absence or insufficiency of specific immune response results in chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection and immunotolerance. therapeutic fusion peptide containing hepatitis b core antigen (hbcag)(18-27) ctl epitope and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-tat(49-57) peptide was synthesized and the activity when adjuvanted with cpg oligodeoxynucleotide (cpg odn) was evaluated in pbmcs from patients with chronic hbv infection in the immunotolerant phase in this study. results showed that the f ... | 2010 | 21182997 |
| synthesis and in vitro anti-hepatitis b virus activity of six-membered azanucleoside analogues. | fifteen novel six-membered azanucleoside derivatives were prepared and evaluated for their anti-hepatitis b virus (hbv) activity and cytotoxicity in human hepatoblastoma-derived liver hep-g2 cells. the most potent compound 16b with an ic(50) value of 2.74μg/ml (lower than 3tc) and a si value of 13.5 was disclosed. the key synthetic steps involved the rearrangement of lactones (which were readily obtained from monosaccharides) and the lewis acid-catalyzed condensation of nucleobases with azasugar ... | 2010 | 21183354 |
| [construction and experimental study on off-line hybrid bioartificial liver supporting system with human liver cell line]. | to construct an off-line hybrid bioartificial liver supporting system with human liver cell line, and study it's effect on the plasma from patients with liver failure. | 2010 | 21186524 |
| blockade of immunosuppressive cytokines restores nk cell antiviral function in chronic hepatitis b virus infection. | nk cells are enriched in the liver, constituting around a third of intrahepatic lymphocytes. we have previously demonstrated that they upregulate the death ligand trail in patients with chronic hepatitis b virus infection (chb), allowing them to kill hepatocytes bearing trail receptors. in this study we investigated whether, in addition to their pathogenic role, nk cells have antiviral potential in chb. we characterised nk cell subsets and effector function in 64 patients with chb compared to 31 ... | 2010 | 21187913 |
| purinergic receptor functionality is necessary for infection of human hepatocytes by hepatitis delta virus and hepatitis b virus. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis delta virus (hdv) are major sources of acute and chronic hepatitis. hdv requires the envelope proteins of hbv for the processes of assembly and infection of new cells. both viruses are able to infect hepatocytes though previous studies have failed to determine the mechanism of entry into such cells. this study began with evidence that suramin, a symmetrical hexasulfated napthylurea, could block hdv entry into primary human hepatocytes (phh) and was then extr ... | 2010 | 21187936 |
| can engineered "designer" t cells outsmart chronic hepatitis b? | more than 350 million people worldwide are persistently infected with human heptatitis b virus (hbv) and at risk to develop liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma making long-term treatment necessary. while a vaccine is available and new antiviral drugs are being developed, elimination of persistently infected cells is still a major issue. recent efforts in adoptive cell therapy are experimentally exploring immunotherapeutic elimination of hbv-infected cells by means of a biological attack ... | 2010 | 21188203 |
| role of hla allele polymorphism in chronic hepatitis b virus infection and hbv vaccine sensitivity in patients from eastern turkey. | human leukocyte antigen (hla) alleles have been associated with the clinical outcomes of hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection, which range from spontaneous recovery to hepatocellular carcinoma. in this study involving subjects from eastern turkey, the frequencies of hla-b35, hla-cw4, hla-dq2, and hla-dq8 were markedly higher in the chronic hbv group than those in the spontaneously recovered group; the frequencies of hla-a11 and hla-a24 in the nonresponsive hbv vaccine group were markedly higher tha ... | 2010 | 21188498 |
| molecular epidemiology of hepatitis d virus infection among injecting drug users with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection in taiwan. | an outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection occurred among injecting drug users (idu) in taiwan between 2003 and 2006, when an extremely high prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection was also detected. to determine whether clusters of hepatitis d virus (hdv) infection occurred in this outbreak, 4 groups of subjects were studied: group 1, hiv-infected idu (n = 904); group 2, hiv-infected non-idu (n = 880); group 3, hiv-uninfected idu (n = 211); and group 4, hiv-uninfected n ... | 2010 | 21191061 |
| alkylated porphyrins have broad antiviral activity against hepadnaviruses, flaviviruses, filoviruses, and arenaviruses. | we screened ∼2,200 compounds known to be safe in people for the ability to reduce the amount of virion-associated hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna in the culture medium of producer cells. these efforts led to the discovery of an alkylated porphyrin, chlorophyllide, as the compound that achieved the greatest reduction in signal. here we report that chlorophyllide directly and quantitatively disrupted hbv virions at micromolar concentrations, resulting in the loss of all detectable virion dna, without ... | 2010 | 21135183 |
| [the expression of hepatitis b virus x protein and cyclooxygenase-2 in hepatitis b virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: correlation with microangiogenesis and metastasis, and what is the possible mechanism]. | to investigate the expression of hbx and cox-2 in hepatitis b virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma, and its correlation with microangiogenesis and metastasis, and possible mechanism. | 2010 | 21138631 |
| rapid determination of serological cytokine biomarkers for hepatitis b virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma using antibody microarrays. | hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) is one of the most frequent tumors worldwide with an increasing incidence. the exploration of biomarkers for hcc is one of the main aims for improving the efficacy of diagnosis and treatment. the microarray technology provides a high-throughput platform for parallel exploration of biomarkers for clinics. in this study, we used antibody microarrays to screen the novel cytokine biomarkers of hepatitis b virus (hbv)-related hcc. cytokine-secreting patterns in sera wer ... | 2010 | 21138899 |
| hiv/hbv co-infection and rate of antiretroviral treatment change after highly active antiretroviral treatment initiation in a cohort of hiv-infected patients in greece. | the current study investigated the impact of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)/hepatitis b virus (hbv) co-infection on the rate of change of antiretroviral drugs after the initiation of highly active antiretroviral treatment (haart). the data on 1425 hiv-positive patients with recorded serology for hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) were retrospectively analysed. the estimated rate of treatment change was slightly higher in the hbsag-positive group (0.57 per year) compared with the hbsag-negat ... | 2010 | 21139149 |
| multiple skull metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma successfully treated with radiotherapy. | we report a japanese man who presented with multiple cranial nerve palsies with hepatitis b virus-related multiple hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). he presented with right iii, iv, vi, ix, x, and xii cranial nerve palsies. metastases involving the clivus and the right occipital bone from hcc were diagnosed by the findings of magnetic resonance imaging of the head, cerebral angiography, and 2-deoxy-2-[(18)f]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography. in this case, over one-y ... | 2010 | 21139306 |
| molecular virology in the clinical laboratory. | as one can see by the tests listed at www.amp.org, molecular diagnostic techniques have enabled the laboratory professionals to play an integral role in the identification and quantitation of viral infectious agents. viral loads can be determined for hiv, hbv, and hcv using a variety of molecular methods such as real-time pcr, tma, nasba, and bdna. determining the amount of viral particles in a sample can not only monitor the status and progression of the disease, but can also guide recommendati ... | 2010 | 21140798 |
| [relationship between cyclooxysenase 2 and serious hepatitis]. | to study the cytokines regulated downstream effecter cyclooxygenase (cox-2's) function in the progression of serious hepatitis. | 2010 | 21140976 |
| artificial recombinant cell-penetrating peptides interfere with envelopment of hepatitis b virus nucleocapsid and viral production. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) is a major human infectious pathogen, with over 300 million chronically infected patients worldwide. current therapeutics for chronic hbv infection have shown only limited success. the plasma membrane represents an impermeable barrier for development of most macromolecular antiviral agents. to develop new anti-hbv macromolecules that can cross the membrane barrier, we designed a series of artificial recombinant peptides including cell penetrating sequence oligoarginine r7 ... | 2010 | 21144865 |
| aberrant cpg island hypermethylation in dysplastic nodules and early hcc of hepatitis b virus-related human multistep hepatocarcinogenesis. | the concept of multistep hepatocarcinogenesis has been well-established, and an accumulation of methylating events has recently been demonstrated; however, the methylation status of low-grade dysplastic nodules (lgdn), high-grade dysplastic nodules (hgdn), and the recently introduced early hepatocellular carcinoma (ehcc) in hepatitis b virus (hbv)-related hepatocarcinogenesis has not yet been studied. | 2010 | 21145824 |
| deregulation of microrna expression occurs early and accumulates in early stages of hbv-associated multistep hepatocarcinogenesis. | deregulation of micrornas (mirnas) plays an important role in human carcinogenesis. however, mirna deregulation in the pre-malignant lesions and expression changes during multistep hepatocarcinogenesis remain elusive. | 2010 | 21145831 |
| non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (nash) and oral lichen planus: a rare occurrence. | oral lichen planus (olp) is frequently associated with hepatitis c virus infection but uncommonly with other causes of liver disorder. the authors report the case of a 41-year-old male patient with a clinical and histological diagnosis of olp who presented with a marked alteration of the transaminase values, with no signs of past or present hbv, hcv, hgv or ttv infection. the patient did not consume alcohol and no exposure to hepatotoxic substances was reported. all autoantibodies were negative. ... | 2010 | 21146362 |
| aberrant dna methylation distinguishes hepatocellular carcinoma associated with hbv and hcv infection and alcohol intake. | hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) is one of the most frequent human cancers and a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. the major risk factors for developing hcc are infection by hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv), chronic alcoholism, and aflatoxins; however, critical gene targets remain largely unknown. herein, we sought to establish dna methylation patterns in hcc and corresponding cirrhotic tissues and to identify dna methylation changes associated with major risk facto ... | 2010 | 21146512 |
| meeting vaccination quality measures for hepatitis a and b virus in patients with chronic hepatitis c infection. | coinfection with hepatitis a virus (hav) or hepatitis b virus (hbv) in patients with chronic hepatitis c virus (hcv) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. the center for medicare and medicaid services has identified hav and hbv vaccination as a priority area for quality measurement in hcv. it is unclear to what extent patients with hcv meet these recommendations. we used national data from the department of veterans affairs hcv clinical case registry to evaluate the prevalence an ... | 2010 | 21157783 |
| vaccines and other immunological approaches for cancer immunoprevention. | the immune system effectively prevents cancer while severe immunodepression increases its incidence. cancer immunoprevention is a strategy based on the concept that enhancement of tumor immunity in healthy individuals reduces cancer risk. it can be viewed as a kind of chemoprevention. for cancer immunoprevention, the cancer universe can be neatly divided between tumors caused - directly or indirectly - by infectious agents and all other tumors. immunoprevention of tumors caused by infectious age ... | 2010 | 21158706 |
| free energy perturbation approach for the rational engineering of the antibody for human hepatitis b virus. | hzkr127 is the humanized monoclonal antibody effective for the neutralization of human hepatitis b virus. by means of the free energy perturbation (fep) calculations based on molecular dynamic (md) simulations, we examine the mutation-induced variations in the energetic and structural features associated with the interactions between hzkr127 and its antigen. n58a, y96a, d97a, and d97a/y102a mutants of hzkr127 are taken in account in this study for which the experimental data for relative efficac ... | 2010 | 21159534 |
| seroprevalence of hcv and its co-infection with hbv and hiv among liver disease patients of south tamil nadu. | to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) and its co-infection with hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis delta agent (hdv) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) among liver disease patients of south tamil nadu. | 2010 | 21160955 |
| hepatocellular carcinoma in african blacks: recent progress in etiology and pathogenesis. | occult hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection was shown to be present in 75% of black africans with hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) in whom the tumor was hitherto not thought to be caused by chronic hbv infection. the association between chronic hbv infection and the development of the tumor is thus even closer than was originally thought. hbv viral load was found to be significantly higher in patients with hcc than in black african controls. as in other populations, hbv e antigen-positive patients wi ... | 2010 | 21160975 |
| a differential elisa based on recombinant immunodominant epitopes of the ge gene of shv-1 in a baculovirus-insect cell system to discriminate between pigs infected naturally with pseudorabies and vaccinated pigs. | in the present study, the fragment corresponding to the immunodominant epitopes of the ge gene (gepi) from the cl15 argentinean strain of pseudorabies virus was expressed successfully in a baculovirus-insect cell system that contained the m6 gene of bluetongue virus, which encodes the ns1 nonstructural protein. this protein has the ability to polymerize into highly immunogenic tubules inside infected cells that can be purified at large quantities by ultracentrifugation. previously, the ns1 prote ... | 2010 | 21168443 |
| human interleukin-10 genotypes are associated with different precore/core gene mutation patterns in children with chronic hepatitis b virus infection. | to elucidate the association between human interleukin-10 (il-10) genotypes and hepatitis b virus (hbv) precore/core gene mutation in children with chronic hbv infection. | 2010 | 21168854 |
| hepatitis b e-antigen persistency is associated with the properties of hbv-specific cd8 t cells in chb patients. | to investigate the correlation between the hbeag and the properties of hbv-specific cd8 t cells, as well as liver injury, serum hbv markers, liver histology, the frequency and phenotypic characteristics of cd4(+)cd25(+) treg and hbv-pentamer(+) cd8 t cells were measured. no significant differences between the median serum alt levels, the frequency and foxp3 expression of cd4(+)cd25(+) treg, and liver fibrosis were observed. higher hbv dna levels in hbeag(+) patients were observed, while liver ne ... | 2010 | 21120686 |
| autoantibodies to a mirna-binding protein argonaute2 (su antigen) in patients with hepatitis c virus infection. | chronic liver diseases caused by hepatitis b (hbv) or c virus (hcv) are common worldwide. despite reports on autoimmunity in viral hepatitis, studies on autoantibodies associated with systemic rheumatic diseases are inconsistent. testing of a small number of selected autoantibody specificities using elisa appears to be one reason for inconsistency. sera from patients with viral hepatitis were tested by immunoprecipitation that will allow unbiased screening of autoantibodies found in systemic rhe ... | 2010 | 21122261 |
| suitability of an automated nucleic acid extractor (easymag) for use with hepatitis c virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nucleic acid amplification testing. | serological screening assays have greatly reduced, but not eliminated, the risk of transmission of viral infections by transfusion of blood and blood products. in addition, the 1999 regulation of the european agency for the evaluation of medicinal products requiring all plasma for fractionation to have tested negative for hepatitis c virus (hcv) rna (cpmp/bwp/390/97, 1998) led many blood transfusion services to introduce nucleic acid amplification technology (nat) to screen blood donations for h ... | 2010 | 21126541 |
| heat shock protein 90 facilitates formation of the hbv capsid via interacting with the hbv core protein dimers. | the mechanism by which host factors contribute to hepatitis b virus (hbv) capsid formation during the viral life cycle remains unclear. this study analyzed the interaction between heat shock protein 90 (hsp90), a host factor, and the hbv core protein. hsp90 was found to bind to hbv core protein dimers, which was then encapsidated into the hbv capsid. furthermore, activated hsp90 may facilitate the formation of the human hbv capsid by catalyzing core assembly and reducing the degree of capsid dis ... | 2010 | 21126747 |
| expression and purification of a functional human hepatitis b virus polymerase. | to identify a method for efficient large-scale purification of functional hepatitis b virus polymerase (hbv-pol) without addition of cellular factors. | 2010 | 21128327 |
| alix regulates egress of hepatitis b virus naked capsid particles in an escrt-independent manner. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) is an enveloped dna virus that exploits the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (escrt) pathway for budding. in addition to infectious particles, hbv-replicating cells release non-enveloped (nucleo)capsids, but their functional implication and pathways of release are unclear. here, we focused on the molecular mechanisms and found that the sole expression of the hbv core protein is sufficient for capsid release. unexpectedly, released capsids are devoid of a ... | 2010 | 21129143 |
| hepatitis b transmission event in an english prison and the importance of immunization. | immunization against hepatitis b virus (hbv) is recommended for all sentenced prisoners and all new entrants to prison in the uk. in november 2008, acute hepatitis b was confirmed serologically in a 27-year-old man (case 1) who had been incarcerated since february 2007. the cell mate of case 1, a 26-year-old man was an established hbv carrier. a home-made tattoo gun was confiscated from their prison cell. in the absence of other clearly identifiable risk behaviours, tattooing was deemed to be a ... | 2010 | 20965882 |
| invasion and emt-associated genes are up-regulated in b viral hepatocellular carcinoma with high expression of cd133-human and cell culture study. | hepatocellular carcinomas (hccs) with expression of stem/progenitor cell markers including cd133 have been reported to have more aggressive biological behavior, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (emt), closely related invasion, has been suggested to generate cancer stem cells. to elucidate biological characteristics of hccs expressing cd133, we evaluated migration assay and the mrna expression levels of cd133, invasion-associated genes [urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (upar), villin ... | 2010 | 20969862 |
| the c-terminal region of the hepatitis b virus x protein is essential for its stability and function. | more than 350 million people worldwide are chronically infected with the human hepatitis b virus (hbv). chronic hbv infections are associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. while the mechanism of hbv-associated carcinoma remains undefined, it is thought to involve a combination of a continuous inflammatory response to hbv-infected hepatocytes and activities of hbv proteins such as the hbv x protein (hbx). hbx stimulates hbv replication; however, the mechanism by which hbx stim ... | 2010 | 20969903 |
| the "original" hepatitis b virus of eastern chimpanzees (pan trogrodytes schweinfurthii). | little is known about hepatitis b virus (hbv) infections in chimpanzees. therefore, we investigated the prevalence of chimpanzee hbv (chhbv) infections in captive, wild born chimpanzees in the sanctuary on ngamba island, uganda and one sample from a wild free ranging chimpanzee. in one third of the plasma samples (32.4%; 12/37) we detected antibodies to hepatitis b (core) antigen. amongst those individuals hbv dna was detected in one captive wild born and the wild chimpanzee. in contrast to the ... | 2010 | 20970465 |
| viruses and human cancer: from detection to causality. | the study of cancer is incomplete without taking into consideration of tumorigenic viruses. initially, searches for human cancer viruses were fruitless despite an expansion of our knowledge in the same period concerning acute-transforming retroviruses in animals. however, over the last 40years, we have witnessed rapid progress in the tumor virology field. currently, acknowledged human cancer viruses include epstein-barr virus, hepatitis b virus, hepatitis c virus, high-risk human papilloma virus ... | 2010 | 20971551 |
| novel tumour-specific promoters for transcriptional targeting of hepatocellular carcinoma by herpes simplex virus vectors. | hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) is a cancer of poor prognosis, with limited success in patient treatment, which it makes an excellent target for gene therapy and viral oncolysis. accordingly, herpes virus simplex type-1 (hsv-1) is one of the most promising viral platforms for transferring therapeutic genes and the development of oncolytic vectors that can target, multiply in, and eradicate hepatoma cells via their lytic cycle. enhanced efficacy and specificity of hsv-1-based vectors towards hcc m ... | 2010 | 21104973 |
| helioxanthin analogue 8-1 inhibits duck hepatitis b virus replication in cell culture. | current approved anti-hbv treatment cannot completely eliminate hbv infection, and emergence of resistant virus is an important treatment issue. effective anti-hbv agents with different mechanisms of action on novel target sites are needed for the treatment of hbv infection and for combating the resistant virus, alone or in combination with current anti-hbv strategies. helioxanthin analogue 8-1 displayed potent anti-hbv activity in human hbv in vitro and in animal models, with a unique antiviral ... | 2010 | 21107018 |
| dysregulation of β-catenin by hepatitis b virus x protein in hbv-infected human hepatocellular carcinomas. | β-catenin is a key molecule involved in both cell-cell adhesion and wnt signaling pathway. in our study, we found that, in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc), β-catenin was correlated with hepatitis b virus (hbv) x gene encoded protein, which is essential for hbv infectivity and is a potential cofactor in viral carcinogenesis. the expression levels of wild-type β-catenin and e-cadherin were decreased in hepg2 cells expressing hepatitis b virus x protein (hbx), accompanied by desta ... | 2010 | 21107751 |
| low-dose oral immunization with lyophilized tissue of herbicide-resistant lettuce expressing hepatitis b surface antigen for prototype plant-derived vaccine tablet formulation. | efficient immunization against hepatitis b virus (hbv) and other pathogens with plant-based oral vaccines requires appropriate plant expressors and the optimization of vaccine compositions and administration protocols. previous immunization studies were mainly based on a combination of the injection of a small surface antigen of hbv (s-hbsag) and the feeding with raw tissue containing the antigen, supplemented with an adjuvant, and coming from plants conferring resistance to kanamycin. the objec ... | 2010 | 21107787 |
| simultaneous detection of human immunodeficiency virus 1 and hepatitis b virus infections using a dual-label time-resolved fluorometric assay. | abstract: a highly specific and novel dual-label time-resolved immunofluorometric assay was developed exploiting the unique emission wavelengths of the intrinsically fluorescent terbium (tb3+) and europium (eu3+) tracers for the simultaneous detection of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) infections, respectively. hiv-1 infection was detected using a double antigen sandwich format wherein anti-hiv-1 antibodies were captured using an in vivo biotinylated version of ... | 2010 | 21108849 |
| [research of pd-1 expression in cd8+ t cell of peripheral blood with hbv-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure]. | to analyze pd-1 expression in cd8 + t cell of peripheral blood with hbv-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure and effect on cd8+ t cell. | 2010 | 21110433 |
| targets for human encoded micrornas in hbv genes. | micrornas (mirnas) are increasingly being shown to play vital roles in development, apoptosis, and oncogenesis by interfering with gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. mirnas, in principle, can contribute to the repertoire of host-pathogen interactions during infection by the hepatitis b virus (hbv). using a consensus-scoring approach, high-scoring mirna-target pairs were selected, which were identified by four well-established target-prediction softwares. the mirnas mir-7, mir196b ... | 2010 | 21113793 |
| treatment of chronic hepatitis b virus infection in resource-constrained settings: expert panel consensus. | most of the estimated 350 million people with chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection live in resource-constrained settings. up to 25% of those persons will die prematurely of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) or cirrhosis. universal hepatitis b immunization programmes that target infants will have an impact on hbv-related deaths several decades after their introduction. antiviral agents active against hbv are available; treatment of hbv infection in those who need it has been shown to reduce the ... | 2010 | 21114614 |
| direct tissue analysis by maldi-tof mass spectrometry in human hepatocellular carcinoma. | the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) relies mainly on histopathological imaging examinations after surgical removal of the tumor. however, the rate of tumor recurrence is still high. defining molecular signatures comprised of a number of distinct peptide ions specific for various tumor regions may improve the classification and prognosis of hcc patients. | 2010 | 20887719 |
| virus-like particles in vaccine development. | virus-like particles (vlps) are multiprotein structures that mimic the organization and conformation of authentic native viruses but lack the viral genome, potentially yielding safer and cheaper vaccine candidates. a handful of prophylactic vlp-based vaccines is currently commercialized worldwide: glaxosmithkline's engerix (hepatitis b virus) and cervarix (human papillomavirus), and merck and co., inc.'s recombivax hb (hepatitis b virus) and gardasil (human papillomavirus) are some examples. oth ... | 2010 | 20923267 |
| cis-acting sequences that contribute to synthesis of minus-strand dna are not conserved between hepadnaviruses. | hepadnaviruses are dna viruses that are found in several mammalian and avian species. these viruses replicate their genome through reverse transcription of an rna intermediate termed pregenomic rna (pgrna). pgrna is reverse transcribed by the viral polymerase into a minus-strand dna, followed by synthesis of the plus-strand dna. there are multiple cis-acting sequences that contribute to the synthesis of minus-strand dna for human hepatitis b virus (hbv). less is known about the cis-acting sequen ... | 2010 | 20926578 |
| surveying infections among pregnant women in the niger delta, nigeria. | there is paucity of epidemiological data on infectious diseases among antenatal mothers in bayelsa state of the niger delta, nigeria. | 2010 | 20927278 |
| anti-hepatitis b virus activities of cinobufacini and its active components bufalin and cinobufagin in hepg2.2.15 cells. | cinobufacini (huachansu) is a chinese medicine prepared from the skin of bufo bufo gargarizans cantor (bufonidae), which has long been used in traditional chinese medicine (tcm). the aim of present study was to examine the anti-hepatitis b virus (hbv) activities of cinobufacini and its active components bufalin and cinobufagin in the human hbv-transfected cell line hepg2.2.15. the hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag), and hepatitis b core-related antigen (hbcrag) co ... | 2010 | 20930383 |
| the hepatitis b virus hbx protein modulates cell cycle regulatory proteins in cultured primary human hepatocytes. | there are over 350 million people chronically infected with the hepatitis b virus (hbv); chronic hbv infections are associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). while the precise mechanism of hbv-associated hcc remains undefined, it is believed to involve a combination of the host immune response to infection and activities of hbv proteins including the nonstructural x protein (hbx). hbx is a multifunctional protein that can modulate various cellular processes including cel ... | 2010 | 20934470 |
| accelerated hepatitis b vaccination schedule among drug users: a randomized controlled trial. | hepatitis b vaccine provides a model for improving uptake and completion of multidose vaccinations in the drug-using community. | 2010 | 20936979 |
| hepatitis b virus x protein stimulates il-6 expression in hepatocytes via a myd88-dependent pathway. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) x protein (hbx) has been implicated in hbv-associated carcinogenesis by activating signal transduction pathways and influencing gene transcription in liver cells. we aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms for hbx-induced production of interleukin-6 (il-6), one of the major inflammatory mediators that stimulate hepatocellular carcinoma development. | 2010 | 20937539 |