Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| the prevalence of giardia and other intestinal parasites in children, dogs and cats from aboriginal communities in the kimberley. | to determine the prevalence of giardia duodenalis and other intestinal parasites in children, dogs and cats from aboriginal communities in the west kimberley region of western australia. | 1993 | 8450779 |
| neurosurgical management of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. an update. | a retrospective review of a 24-month experience on the neurosurgical service at a large metropolitan hospital identified 33 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) who underwent diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. intracranial mass lesions unresponsive to empiric medical therapy for presumed toxoplasma gondii encephalitis underwent diagnostic biopsy in 22 patients: primary lymphoma was identified in 10 (45%) of these patients, and biopsy led to a treatable diagnosis in 16 o ... | 1993 | 8460506 |
| the effect of cobalt-60 irradiation on the infectivity of toxoplasma gondii. | toxoplasma gondii cysts in the tissues of experimentally infected mice and pigs were irradiated with cobalt-60 at various doses and used to infect mice and kittens. loss of parasite infectivity was confirmed following irradiation whereas control animals inoculated with non-irradiated infected tissues became infected. experiments were repeated to calculate the minimal effective dose (med) of irradiation to eradicate parasite infectivity. the med for the chinese nt strain and the american me-49 an ... | 1993 | 8468140 |
| biology of toxoplasma gondii. | in conclusion, a large body of new information on the biology and immunology of t. gondii has accumulated in the past several years. much of this is due to the advent of aids and the increased funding made available to researchers interested in opportunistic infections in this patient population. these scientific advances have led to a better understanding of the process by which toxoplasma infects mammalian host cells, molecular biology and biochemistry of the parasite, antigenic structure and ... | 1993 | 8471191 |
| toxoplasmosis and pregnancy. | toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by the protozoa toxoplasma gondii that is prevalent worldwide. the protozoa was given its name when it was first isolated in 1909 in africa in a rodent, ctenodactylus gondii. it can be contracted by eating infected meat or eggs that are raw or undercooked, or through contact with the feces of an infected cat. more dangerously, it can be congenitally acquired by transfer through the placenta if the mother contracts the disease during pregnancy. although the fl ... | 1993 | 8472240 |
| detection of toxoplasma gondii antigen-containing immune complexes in the serum of cats. | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of toxoplasma gondii antigen-containing igm immune complexes (t gondii-specific igm-ic) and igg immune complexes (t gondii-specific igg-ic) in the serum of cats were developed. serum from clinically ill, naturally infected cats; healthy, naturally infected cats; and healthy cats experimentally inoculated with t gondii was assayed. all combinations of t gondii-specific igm, igg, antigens, igm-ic, and igg-ic were detected in naturally infected a ... | 1993 | 8498745 |
| toxoplasmosis and mental retardation--report of a case-control study. | a case-control study evaluating the association between mental retardation and toxoplasmosis was conducted among 845 school children in belo horizonte, mg, brazil. cases (450) were mentally retarded children attending a public school for special education. controls (395) were children from the regular public school system. clinical and anthropometric examinations and interviews were carried out to determine risk factors for toxoplasmosis and mental retardation. diagnosis of toxoplasma gondii inf ... | 1993 | 8107587 |
| experimental toxoplasmosis in pregnant cats. | cysts of the k strain of toxoplasma gondii were administered orally to nine pregnant cats having no antibody to the organism at each of the three stages of gestation, namely early (14 days), middle (30 days), and late (40 and 51 days). premature and weak or deformed fetuses were observed in the offsprings delivered by mother cats infected with toxoplasma in the early or middle stage of gestation, while the cats infected at the late stage were delivered of apparently healthy fetuses. mother cats ... | 1993 | 8117796 |
| [cerebral abscess caused by toxoplasma gondii and aids. report of a case with anatomo-pathological study]. | we report a 47 year old woman that presented to the hospital with an intracranial hypertension syndrome, a right hemiparesis and a several months history of progressive malaise and behavioral disturbances. during the hospital stay, positive hiv antibodies were detected and cat scan showed a profound left parietal rounded hypodense lesion. the patient died 21 days after admission and the postmortem pathological study showed a deep abscess in the left basal ganglia, with recognizable toxoplasma go ... | 1993 | 8191154 |
| [toxoplasmosis epizootic in a fattening swine herd]. | in a fattening pig herd comprising 80 animals 13 were affected with clinical manifest toxoplasmosis presumably due to cat feces in the food. seven pigs died, one was killed in extremis. the clinical signs were anorexia, apathy, fever, cyanosis, dyspnoea and partly hind limb weakness. one pig that died 3 days after onset of clinical signs had widespread necroses in liver and lymphatic organs. single tachyzoites were detected by immunoperoxidase technique. one pig dying on day 11 and another eutha ... | 1993 | 8223241 |
| gene replacement in toxoplasma gondii with chloramphenicol acetyltransferase as selectable marker. | a system for stable transformation of toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites was developed that exploited the susceptibility of toxoplasma to chloramphenicol. introduction of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene fused to toxoplasma flanking sequences followed by chloramphenicol selection resulted in parasites stably expressing cat. a construct incorporating the tandemly repeated gene, b1, targeted efficiently to its homologous chromosomal locus. knockout of the single-copy gene, rop1, was als ... | 1993 | 8235614 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus predisposes cats to acute generalized toxoplasmosis. | this study was designed to examine the effects of a pre-existing, clinically asymptomatic feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection on a primary challenge with toxoplasma gondii. parenteral challenge of fiv-infected cats with tachyzoites of the me49 strain of t. gondii caused a precipitous drop in all lymphocytes (cd4+, cd8+, and b cells) and generalized severe toxoplasmosis. the predominant postmortem lesions included acute and often fatal interstitial pneumonia, dominated histologically by ... | 1993 | 8238262 |
| seroprevalence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii among two rural populations in northern israel. | the prevalence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii was measured in two rural populations in northern israel--jewish kibbutz members and arab villagers. the respective prevalences in these two populations were 22.2% and 55.8% (p < 0.001). no correlation was found between the presence of antibodies and sex, occupation, contact with cats, a history of fever and/or lymphadenopathy, eye disease, abortions or delivery of children with congenital malformations. in contrast to jewish children who we ... | 1993 | 8244662 |
| a feline model of ocular toxoplasmosis. | purpose. this study was performed to characterize the clinical, serologic, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical features of an experimental model of ocular toxoplasmosis in cats. | 1993 | 8258525 |
| [parasitological fecal studies of equids, dogs, cats and hedgehogs during the years 1984-1991]. | the results of the coproscopical examinations in horses, dogs, cats and hedgehogs between 1984 and 1991 are presented. in 9192 samples from horses 55.5% stages of strongylids, 4.0% of parascaris equorum, 2.2% of anoplocephalids, 1.6% strongyloides westeri, 0.7% of oxyuris equi, 0.6% of eimeria leuckarti, 0.2% of fasciola hepatica and 0.04% of dictyocaulus arnfieldi were found. in 48.0% of the 46 samples from donkeys eggs from strongylids were detected, in 17.4% larvae from dictyocaulus arnfieldi ... | 1993 | 8261912 |
| neonatal toxoplasmosis in littermate cats. | toxoplasmosis was diagnosed histologically in 9 kittens and 1 queen from 5 liters. in litter 1, four 3-month-old siamese kittens and the queen were affected. the queen died of generalized toxoplasmosis, and her kittens died or were euthanatized 20, 22, or 28 days later. in litter 2, two of 3 abyssinian 4- and 4.5-month-old kittens died of toxoplasmosis. in litter 3, an abyssinian, delivered by cesarean section, became ill 17 days after delivery, and died 2 days later because of toxoplasmic hepat ... | 1993 | 8288476 |
| histologically confirmed clinical toxoplasmosis in cats: 100 cases (1952-1990). | tissue sections from 119 cats that died or were euthanatized (1952-1990) because of toxoplasmosis-like illness were reexamined for toxoplasma gondii by direct microscopy and immunohistochemical staining with anti-t gondii serum. clinical and pathologic data from 100 of these cats with histologically verified toxoplasmosis were then analyzed. of these 100 cats, 36 were considered to have generalized toxoplasmosis, 26 predominantly pulmonary lesions, 16 abdominal, 2 hepatic, 1 pancreatic, 1 cardia ... | 1993 | 8288479 |
| serological study of human toxoplasmosis in calcutta. | a total of 248 randomly selected subjects from urban, semiurban and rural areas of calcutta was studied serologically for the prevalence of antibody to toxoplasma gondii using latex agglutination technique. fifty-nine (23.79%) out of these 248 subjects were found to possess anti-toxoplasma antibody. seropositivity was found to be higher in females (25%) as compared to males (22.32%). agewise highest positivity (30.5%) for toxoplasma antibody was observed in the third decade and lowest in the fir ... | 1993 | 8308306 |
| preservation of feline anti-toxoplasma gondii antibody activity using blood absorbed on filter paper stored under different conditions. | the present study deals with the successful long-term preservation of feline anti-toxoplasma gondii antibody activity on filter paper strips stored with silica gel. when filter paper strips were kept at 25 degrees c with silica gel, antibody activity in blood samples was preserved for at least six months. | 1992 | 1320286 |
| macrophage functions in cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus and toxoplasma gondii. | it was suspected that feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection would affect the function of feline macrophages, and that the concomitant infection of cats with fiv and toxoplasma gondii would cause even greater changes in macrophage function. sixteen specific-pathogen-free kittens, four per group, were infected either with fiv, t. gondii, both pathogens, or neither pathogen. after the cats had been infected with fiv for 14 weeks (8 weeks after t. gondii infection), peritoneal macrophages we ... | 1992 | 1321533 |
| antibody responses to toxoplasma gondii antigens in aqueous and cerebrospinal fluids of cats infected with t. gondii and fiv. | antibodies to antigens of toxoplasma gondii were measured in the aqueous and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of 16 specific-pathogen free kittens experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), t. gondii, or both pathogens. the results indicated that all cats infected with t. gondii had antibody responses to antigens of t. gondii in both aqueous fluids and csf. co-infection with fiv did not affect antibody levels. aqueous fluids from eyes of cats with toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis di ... | 1992 | 1330426 |
| serologic prevalence of selected infectious diseases in cats with uveitis. | serologic evidence of infection by toxoplasma gondii, feline leukemia virus, feline coronaviruses, or feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is commonly found in cats with uveitis. serum samples from 124 cats with uveitis were assayed by use of elisa for the detection of t gondii-specific immunoglobulin m (igm), igg, and circulating antigens (ag), as well as an elisa for feline leukemia virus ag, an elisa for antibodies to fiv, and an indirect fluorescent antibody assay for antibodies to feline cor ... | 1992 | 1330998 |
| toxoplasma gondii: an aids enhancing cofactor. | disseminated toxoplasmosis, one of the most severe acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids)-associated infections in humans, is believed to develop from a latent infection after the cellular immune system is suppressed by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). however, toxoplasma gondii may serve as a cofactor in enhancing the immunodeficiency induced by hiv-1. this hypothesis is supported by the facts that: 1) co-infection with other pathogens in humans infected with hiv-1 may enhance t ... | 1992 | 1334211 |
| immunological changes in cats with concurrent toxoplasma gondii and feline immunodeficiency virus infections. | to examine the immunological changes in cats concurrently infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and toxoplasma gondii, kittens (four per group) were inoculated with fiv, t. gondii, both agents, or no pathogens. blood mononuclear cells and plasma were collected weekly for lymphocyte assays and serology. at week 14, spleen and lymph node cells were used for lymphocyte assays; brains and mesenteric lymph nodes were used for isolation of t. gondii. more t. gondii organisms were present i ... | 1992 | 1346403 |
| virulent strains of toxoplasma gondii comprise a single clonal lineage. | the protozoan toxoplasma gondii is a prevalent parasite in wild and domestic animals worldwide, being transmitted through the food chain by carnivorous feeding and scavenging. toxoplasma normally divides asexually to yield a haploid form that can infect virtually any vertebrate but it also has a well defined sexual cycle that occurs exclusively in cats. toxoplasma has become important as an often fatal opportunistic pathogen in patients with aids, although the 15-85% of adult human populations t ... | 1992 | 1355855 |
| effect of primary phase feline immunodeficiency virus infection on cats with chronic toxoplasmosis. | the effect of primary phase feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection on clinical signs, hematological values, toxoplasma gondii oocyst shedding, t. gondii-specific serology, t. gondii-specific cell-mediated immune responses, non-specific cell-mediated immune responses, and lymphocyte subpopulations from cats with experimentally induced chronic toxoplasmosis was studied. no significant clinical or hematologic abnormalities were noted following inoculation with fiv. t. gondii-specific igm was ... | 1992 | 1363007 |
| isoenzyme analysis of hammondia hammondi and toxoplasma gondii sporozoites. | isoenzyme analysis using isoelectrofocusing in polyacrylamide gels was used to distinguish hammondia hammondi and toxoplasma gondii sporozoites. five enzyme systems were studied: aconitase (ec 4.2.1.3), aspartate aminotransferase (ec 2.6.1.1), glucose phosphate isomerase (ec 5.3.1.9), lactate dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.27), and phosphoglucomutase (ec 2.7.5.1). three stocks of t. gondii belonging to 3 zymodemes were compared to 1 stock of h. hammondi. hammondia hammondi differed from t. gondii at al ... | 1992 | 1386109 |
| development of elisas based on recombinant antigens for the detection of toxoplasma gondii-specific antibodies in sheep and cats. | elisas using recombinant parasite polypeptides as antigens were developed to measure toxoplasma gondii-specific antibodies in the sera of sheep and cats. compared with an elisa based on traditional parasite antigen, the elisa for sheep sera had a sensitivity of 79% and a negative predictive value of 80%, and the elisa for cat sera had a sensitivity of 100% and a negative predictive value of 100%. both elisas had specificities of 100% and positive predictive values of 100%. these elisas appear to ... | 1992 | 1413451 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of toxoplasma gondii-specific antibodies and antigens in the aqueous humor of cats. | serum and aqueous humor samples, collected from 14 clinically normal cats and 96 cats with clinical evidence of intraocular inflammation, were assayed with elisa for toxoplasma gondii-specific immunoglobulin m (igm), t gondii-specific igg, t gondii-specific antigens, total igg, and total igm. additionally, serum was assayed with elisa for feline leukemia virus p27 antigen and antibodies against the feline immunodeficiency virus as well as with an immunofluorescent antibody assay for antibodies a ... | 1992 | 1429123 |
| the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis on iowa swine farms with an emphasis on the roles of free-living mammals. | multiparous sows from 19 central iowa swine farms were tested for antibodies against toxoplasma gondii by the modified direct agglutination test. antibody titers of 1:32 or greater were considered positive. rodents, domestic cats, opossums (didelphis virginiana), raccoons (procyon lotor) and striped skunks (mephitis mephitis) were live-trapped on each farm and similarly tested for antibodies. the overall prevalence of t. gondii antibodies in the species tested was 39/273 (14.3%) swine, 31/74 (41 ... | 1992 | 1496780 |
| is immuno-protection against toxoplasma strain specific? | two different strains of toxoplasma gondii were isolated from feline faecal deposits in two villages: rommana (northern sinai) and el-ekhewa (sharkyia governorate) as evidenced by their entirely different pathogenic effect and immune response in laboratory swiss webster mice. a man holding both villages as mutual residences, who was already proved to get acute toxoplasmosis twice made us avid to search for the presence of different strains in the two localities. the present study throws a sugges ... | 1992 | 1578182 |
| an unidentified toxoplasma-like tissue cyst-forming coccidium in a cat (felis catus). | an unidentified coccidium was found in the brain and the heart of a 6-year-old female cat. tissue cysts measured 40-130 x 40-112 microns and contained hundreds of bradyzoites measuring 4.2-5.2 x 1.2-1.8 microns. the cyst wall was 0.26-0.53 microns thick. tissue cysts reacted positively with anti-toxoplasma gondii serum but not with anti-neospora caninum serum in an immunohistochemical test. ultrastructurally, the cyst was aseptate and contained banana-shaped bradyzoites. micronemes and rhoptries ... | 1992 | 1584745 |
| exposure to toxoplasma gondii and cat ownership in nova scotia. | in this survey, 998 children and adolescents between 7 months and 17 years of age who attended a hospital diagnostic center in the city of halifax, nova scotia, for routine evaluation were tested for toxoplasma gondii antibody. the 5.2% prevalence rate of antibody for children living in the outlying rural areas was significantly higher than the 1.1% rate among the urban children (p = .0006). seroprevalence increased with age for both rural and urban children. cat ownership was associated with an ... | 1992 | 1594371 |
| mitogen and antigen-specific induction of lymphoblast transformation in cats with subclinical toxoplasmosis. | lymphoblast transformation in whole blood was assessed by 3h-thymidine incorporation after stimulation by concanavalin a and toxoplasma gondii secretory and intracellular antigens in samples from cats with experimentally induced toxoplasmosis. toxoplasma gondii-specific immunoglobulin m, immunoglobulin g, and circulating antigens were also measured throughout the study period. lymphocytes from all cats were responsive to concanavalin a pre- and post-inoculation with t. gondii. suppression of mit ... | 1992 | 1595188 |
| epidemiologic studies on human and feline toxoplasmosis. | human serological profiles, and feline serological and fecal profiles were used to study the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in santa clara county, california. the prevalence of human toxoplasmosis was determined to be 42.9% in a test population of 147 women. the prevalence of feline toxoplasmosis was indicated to be 34.8% based on serological analysis of 158 felines. of 107 cats tested, 6.5% were shedding toxoplasma gondii - like oocysts in their feces. statistical analyses of questionnaire data ... | 1992 | 1619292 |
| isolation of toxoplasma gondii from a naturally infected beef cow. | toxoplasma gondii was isolated from the intestinal wall of an adult shorthorn cow. the cow had an antibody titer of 1:1,600 in the t. gondii agglutination test using formalin-fixed whole tachyzoites. the strain of the parasite designated ct-1 was lethal to mice. this is the first report of the recovery of viable t. gondii from a naturally infected cow in the united states. | 1992 | 1738059 |
| comparison of latex agglutination, indirect hemagglutination, and elisa techniques for the detection of toxoplasma gondii-specific antibodies in the serum of cats. | the primary purpose of this study was to determine whether commercially available latex agglutination and indirect hemagglutination kits for the detection of toxoplasma gondii-specific antibodies were capable of detecting t. gondii-specific immunoglobulin m (igm) in the serum of cats. serum samples from 35 cats containing either t. gondii-specific igm, t. gondii-specific immunoglobulin g (igg), or both were collected. each serum sample was assayed using a latex agglutination kit, an indirect hem ... | 1991 | 1748982 |
| cerebral toxoplasmosis in danish aids patients. | we estimate the frequency of central nervous system (cns) toxoplasmosis in danish aids patients and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy using the following criteria for acceptance of the diagnosis: either (1) the demonstration of toxoplasma gondii in brain tissue or (2) one or more hypodense or ring-enhancing lesions on computerized axial tomography (cat) scan and a neurologic and cat scan improvement in response to 2 weeks of treatment. from 1981 until july 1990 266 patients were diagnosed with ai ... | 1991 | 1815332 |
| low toxoplasma antibody prevalence in serologic surveys of humans in southern mexico. | antibody prevalence to toxoplasma gondii among residents of a pacific coastal region of oaxaca state, mexico is among low rates reported worldwide. from 60 small, rural communities, 3229 persons from ages 6 months to over 70 years provided blood specimens that were stored on filter papers. 124 (3.8%) of the eluates were seropositive (positive titer greater than 1:256) in the indirect hemagglutination test, and 43 (1.3%) had titers greater than 1:1024. seropositive rates increased by age group an ... | 1991 | 1819978 |
| review of toxoplasmosis in malaysia. | various studies on toxoplasmosis in malaysia have shown that specific antibodies to toxoplasma gondii are common among malaysians. among the ethnic groups, the malays have the highest prevalence rate followed by indians, orang aslis (aborigines) and chinese. antibody is acquired early in life and increases with age. there is no significant difference in the prevalence rate between males and females. the disease is apparently more prevalent among rural dwellers and those in the lower socioeconomi ... | 1991 | 1822863 |
| studies on the use of cobalt-60 irradiation to control infectivity of toxoplasma gondii cysts. | mouse brains harboring the chinese nt strain of toxoplasma gondii cysts were homogenized with normal saline and irradiated with cobalt-60 gamma rays at various doses. the homogenate was introduced intraperitoneally into nih mice or per os into kittens. loss of infectivity was confirmed according to the following criteria: no cyst found in mouse brain impression smears on the 50th day after inoculation; no oocyst found in feces of kittens 3-15 days after inoculation; subinoculation in mice and a ... | 1991 | 1822867 |
| current status of food-borne parasitic zoonoses in the united states. | although not a major public health problem, food-borne parasitic zoonoses in the united states are the cause of numerous diseases that occur widely in the population. the most common food-borne parasitic diseases in the united states are trichinosis, toxoplasmosis, taeniasis/cysticercosis, diphyllobothriasis, and anisakiasis. since 1947, when the us public health service began to record statistics on trichinosis cases in humans, the numbers of reported cases in the united states have declined ma ... | 1991 | 1822940 |
| toxoplasmosis--an overview. | increasing concern over food safety has focussed attention on food-borne parasitic diseases, particularly toxoplasmosis. infection by the protozoan parasite toxoplasma gondii is widely prevalent in humans and in food animals. cats are the main reservoirs of infection because they are only hosts that excrete environmentally resistant oocysts. toxoplasma gondii infection is transmitted by ingesting undercooked infected meat, congenitally, and via feces of infected cats. the most severe clinical in ... | 1991 | 1822945 |
| study on the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in indonesia: a review. | congenital toxoplasmosis has been confirmed in indonesia. many newborn children in indonesia have congenital anomalies attributable to toxoplasma gondii. the parasite is widespread, with seroprevalence rates of 2-63% in humans, 35-73% in cats, 75% in dogs, 11-36% in pigs, 11-61% in goats, and less than 10% in cows. the prevalence of toxoplasma antibodies in pregnant women in the dr cipto mangunkusumo hospital in jakarta is 14.3%, and in 50 abortions it is 67.8%. in patients with a history of one ... | 1991 | 1822946 |
| cellular responses of cats with primary toxoplasmosis. | the cellular responses of 8 kittens (4 inoculated orally with mouse brains containing toxoplasma gondii cysts and 4 uninfected controls) were studied. oocyst numbers, body weight, and rectal temperature were monitored daily. blood was collected weekly for serology and mononuclear cell purification. at necropsy, peritoneal and alveolar macrophages, spleen, and lymph node cells were harvested. infected cats shed oocysts 4-15 days postinfection, maintained normal body weight and rectal temperature, ... | 1991 | 1826328 |
| enhancement of humoral immune response of isospora felis-infected cats after inoculation with toxoplasma gondii. | 1991 | 1830774 | |
| humoral immune response to isospora felis and toxoplasma gondii in cats experimentally inoculated with isospora felis. | 1991 | 1838701 | |
| prospective vaccine prepared from a new mutant of toxoplasma gondii for use in cats. | kittens are the principal disseminators of toxoplasma gondii. they can shed greater than 10(8) oocysts in the feces after initial infection with bradyzoites in tissue cysts. thereafter, most kittens develop protective immunity and do not shed oocysts again if they are reinfected. bradyzoites of a t gondii mutant, designated t-263, were used to vaccinate kittens. their use did not result in oocyst shedding, but successfully prevented 84% (31/37) of the kittens from shedding oocysts when challenge ... | 1991 | 1854103 |
| seroepidemiology of toxoplasma gondii infection in young school children in islamabad. | sera, from 270 school children (age 13 to 20 years) residing in suburbs of islamabad, were investigated for the presence of toxoplasma gondii, igg antibodies using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the overall prevalence was 17.4%. there was no significant difference between the two sexes. since a positive test result for igg antibodies at any level does not eliminate the possibility of a current infection, the toxoplasma igg antibody positive children were further tested for the pr ... | 1991 | 1895497 |
| toxoplasma gondii-like schizonts in the tracheal epithelium of a cat. | toxoplasma gondii-like schizonts were found in tracheal epithelium of an 8-yr-old male cat. the parasites were located in parasitophorous vacuoles within the host cell cytoplasm, divided by schizogony, contained periodic acid-schiff-positive granules, and reacted with anti-t. gondii serum but not with anti-neospora caninum serum. mature schizonts were 7.0 x 5.9 microns (5-10 x 4-10 microns; n = 22) and contained 4-16 merozoites. the merozoites were approximately 5 x 1 microns. | 1991 | 1919933 |
| concurrent infection with toxoplasma gondii and feline leukemia virus. antibody response and oocyst production. | four adult cats (two testing positive and two negative for feline leukemia virus felv) were fed toxoplasma gondii tissue cysts collected from the brains of mice. two control cats (1 felv+, 1 felv-) were not fed cysts. the cats infected with t. gondii shed thousands of oocysts but remained clinically and physically normal, with hemograms and clinical chemistry values essentially unchanged irrespective of their felv status. infection with felv did not increase the duration of oocyst shedding. at n ... | 1991 | 1920257 |
| [antigenic differentiation among 3 life-cycle stages of toxoplasma gondii using fluorescent antibodies]. | antigenic differentiation between three stages of the life cycle of toxoplasma gondii by fluorescent antibodies. antisera were prepared in three groups of twenty mice each with three different antigens of toxoplasma gondii: the first group was inoculated with tachyzoites of rh strain and received sulfadiazine treatment; the second with tissue cysts of t-100-cat-6751 strain and the third with oocysts of the same strain, both without treatment. in the indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique ... | 1991 | 1670263 |
| examination of tissue cyst formation by toxoplasma gondii in cell cultures using bradyzoites, tachyzoites, and sporozoites. | tissue cyst formation by a goat isolate (gt-1) of toxoplasma gondii was examined in bovine monocyte, human fetal lung, and madin-darby bovine kidney cell cultures. transmission electron microscopy (tem) and cat feeding studies indicated that tissue cysts were present in all 3 cell lines examined. tissue cysts were first seen 3 days postinoculation (pi) using tem. standard cell culture procedures were used and no additional condition was needed to induce tissue cyst formation. cats fed cell cultu ... | 1991 | 1992083 |
| the seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in ontario sheep flocks. | in a random sample of 103 sheep farms in ontario, 99% of the farms had some sheep serologically positive for toxoplasma gondii, based on an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the percent of sheep affected within farms ranged from 3.8% to 97.8%, with an average flock prevalence of 57.6%. when farm management variables were considered in a multivariate analysis, significantly lower rates of serologically positive sheep were associated with neutering of female cats and clipping of ewes' peri ... | 1991 | 17423914 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma antibodies among women with boh and general population in delhi. | one thousand and thirty-six serum samples obtained from women with bad obstetric history (boh) were subjected to detection of toxoplasma antibody by indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat) using whole promastigotes of rh strain of toxoplasma gondii as antigen. thirtyone (2.99 per cent) samples were found to be positive (titre greater than or equal to 1:64). of these 31 patients' sera 27 (87.09 per cent) showed rising titre of antibody when second samples were drawn after 4 weeks. two hun ... | 1990 | 2098426 |
| toxoplasma gondii and toxoplasmosis. | 1990 | 2111511 | |
| myelitis in a cat infected with toxoplasma gondii and feline immunodeficiency virus. | severe necrotizing myelitis secondary to localization and reactivation of toxoplasma gondii within the spinal cord of a domestic shorthair cat was diagnosed by use of light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. the cat also was infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. this case may have useful comparative features to t gondii infections in human patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | 1990 | 2153650 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukaemia virus, toxoplasma gondii, and intestinal parasitic infections in taiwanese cats. | a population consisting of 70 breeder cats, 43 clinical cases, and 16 feral cats was examined for the presence of toxoplasma gondii, feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), and feline leukaemia virus (felv). no oocysts of t. gondii were observed in 96 faecal samples; faecal samples were not available from the feral cats. other intestinal parasites identified included isospora felis (three cats), isospora rivolta (five), dipylidium canium (two), toxocara cati (four), toxascaris leonina (one), and an ... | 1990 | 2171713 |
| regulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase gene expression in human fibroblasts by interferon-gamma. upstream control region discriminates between interferon-gamma and interferon-alpha. | the interferon (ifn)-gamma-mediated induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido) enzyme, which converts tryptophan into n-formylkynurenine, has been implicated in the inhibition of intracellular pathogens, e.g. toxoplasma gondii and chlamydia psittaci, and in the antiproliferative effect of ifn-gamma on tumor cells. the ido activity is induced strongly in many cell types by ifn-gamma but rather poorly by ifn-alpha or -beta. a genomic dna clone containing part of the transcribed region of the i ... | 1990 | 2174056 |
| toxoplasma gondii infection: a potential danger to the unborn fetus and aids sufferer. | 1990 | 2183258 | |
| [human toxoplasmosis]. | toxoplasmosis infection is transmitted from cat faeces or insufficiently heated meat from e.g. pigs, sheep and goats. if pregnant women are infected with toxoplasma gondii, there is a risk of infection of the foetus with the possibility of development of congenital toxoplasmosis and, in patients with aids, a latent infection may be activated with subsequent fatal encephalitis. human infections with t. gondii are common but are frequently asymptomatic. the prevalence of t. gondii infection in the ... | 1990 | 2184555 |
| prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in cats, dogs and horses in sweden. | samples of serum or plasma taken during 1986 and 1987 from 244 pet cats, 303 dogs and 219 horses, randomly selected among animals referred to the animal clinics of the swedish university of agricultural sciences, were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. 42% of cats, 23% of dogs and 1% of horses examined were found seropositive. | 1990 | 2260515 |
| acute primary toxoplasmic hepatitis in an adult cat shedding toxoplasma gondii oocysts. | a 3-year-old 4-kg neutered male domestic shorthair cat died within 5 days after onset of fever and respiratory distress. at necropsy, all tissues were icteric, and the liver had a diffuse reticular pattern. histologically, hepatitis and encephalitis were associated with toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. toxoplasma gondii female gamonts and oocysts were found in epithelial cells of intact villi and in epithelial cells desquamated into the lumen. finding of acute hepatitis and t gondii oocysts in an ... | 1990 | 2276958 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in man and animals in guangdong, peoples republic of china. | tissue and serum samples from animals and man in guangdong province of the peoples republic of china were examined for toxoplasma gondii infection. tissues from 519 swine, 576 rodents, 84 people, one cat and two dogs were bioassayed in mice. t. gondii was isolated from 13 pools of swine tissues, but not from any other hosts. serum samples from animals and man were examined at 1:64 dilution in the indirect hemagglutination test. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 10.4% of 816 pigs, 0.9% of 955 ... | 1990 | 2316181 |
| animal exposures and antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in a university population. | to determine the risk of toxoplasma infection to individuals exposed to cats in a research institution, we compared the prevalence of toxoplasma antibodies with exposure to cats in university employees. of 116 employees tested, 42 (36 percent) had toxoplasma antibodies as determined by the indirect fluorescent antibody test. women and individuals aged 35 years or more had a greater prevalence of antibodies. the antibody prevalence by occupation was 72.1 percent for physicians and those with doct ... | 1990 | 2316501 |
| toxoplasma gondii. | toxoplasmosis encompasses a variety of clinical conditions. serious sequelae are seen in congenital toxoplasmosis and in infections of the immunocompromised host. in the former, prevention of maternal acquisition of toxoplasmosis during pregnancy is paramount. infection in the compromised host often presents with neurologic abnormalities. unfortunately, the hiv syndrome itself or other opportunistic infections can present in a similar manner. often, empiric treatment for toxoplasmosis is begun b ... | 1990 | 2332605 |
| dung beetles, onthophagus spp., as potential transport hosts of feline coccidia. | cockroaches and filth-flies have been known to be transport hosts of toxoplasma gondii but the role of dung beetles as the carrier of coccidian oocysts is not known. we attempted to clarify the role of dung beetles (onthophagus spp.) as the transport host of feline coccidia including toxoplasma. toxoplasma oocysts were found in the feces of the beetles until day 3 after the insects were exposed to cat feces mixed with the oocysts. furthermore, oocysts on the body surface of beetles were not easi ... | 1990 | 2348594 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in gravidas and recently aborted women and study of risk factors. | two hundred seventeen parturients and eighty six recent aborters were screened for igm and igg toxoplasma antibodies. age, profession, educational level, residence (urban/rural), presence of cat and other domestic animals were recorded for each subject. none of the subjects was igm-positive. prevalence of igg positivity was 52.3% in the parturients and 50.2% in the recently aborted women. none of the personal or social characteristics investigated could be related to igg positivity. however, the ... | 1990 | 2361547 |
| experimental feline toxoplasmosis: humoral immune responses of cats inoculated orally with toxoplasma gondii cysts and oocysts. | 1990 | 2391788 | |
| antitoxoplasma antibody in clinically suspected cases of human toxoplasmosis. | (1) seventy sera from a variety of patients suffering from different diseases suspected to be caused by toxoplasma gondii infection and forty from non-toxoplasmic hospital cases and laboratory and hospital staff were collected. (2) antitoxoplasma antibody was detected in those sera by indirect haemagglutination test (iha test) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). (3) twenty one (30%) sera out of 70 test samples and 2 (5%) out of 40 control samples were positive by elisa test. with iha ... | 1990 | 2397947 |
| a serologic survey of oklahoma cats for antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus, coronavirus, and toxoplasma gondii and for antigen to feline leukemia virus. | a serologic survey was done on 618 cat sera submitted to the oklahoma animal disease diagnostic laboratory between july 1, 1987 and june 30, 1988. the samples were collected from clinically normal and sick cats. the sera were tested for the presence of antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus by a commercial immunoassay, to a coronavirus by an indirect fluorescent antibody test, and to toxoplasma gondii by a commercial latex agglutination test and for the presence of feline leukemia virus ant ... | 1990 | 1965583 |
| epidemiologic observations on feline immunodeficiency virus and toxoplasma gondii coinfection in cats in baltimore, md. | five hundred eighty-five serum samples obtained between 1980 and 1981 from a diverse population of cats were tested by use of an indirect immunoperoxidase assay for antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). results of 14 of the samples were positive (prevalence, 2.4%). the fiv-positive cats were markedly older than the overall population and frequently were coinfected (57%) with toxoplasma gondii. the toxoplasma titers of the fiv-positive cats were significantly (p less than 0.03) highe ... | 1989 | 2537272 |
| a serological survey of toxoplasma gondii infection in zoo animals and other animals. | a survey for toxoplasma gondii (tp) infection in the animals bred or caught in and around kobe municipal oji zoo was conducted by the latex agglutination (la) test using plasma samples collected for the years from 1980 to 1988. plasma antibody to tp (greater than or equal to 1:64) was found in 5.0% (0 of 181) mammals belonging to 28 families of 10 orders and 6.7% (12 of 179) aves belonging to 22 families of 15 orders, respectively. cats, rats and pigeons caught in and around the zoo lower positi ... | 1989 | 2607744 |
| the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies among cats from mahalla el-kobra, gharbia governorate. | toxoplasma gondii antibodies were detected using indirect haemaggulination (iha) and indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) tests. positive reactions were detected among 18.5% and 12.5% of stray (92) and owned cats (32) using iha-test respectively. with ifa-test antibodies were 20.7% and 15.6% respectively. | 1989 | 2651536 |
| toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis--a historical review and current concepts. | toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis usually presents during the first three decades of life as a consequence of intra-uterine infection by toxoplasma gondii. the ingestion of infected undercooked meat, or foodstuffs contaminated by infected cat faeces, constitute the primary sources of infection for the non-immune mother. it is thought that following congenital infection, toxoplasma cysts remain dormant in otherwise normal retina and that acute retinochoroiditis is the result of reactivation of the pa ... | 1989 | 2665625 |
| serologic diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in cats fed toxoplasma gondii tissue cysts. | serum samples derived from 7 cats 3 to 950 days after cats were fed tissue cysts of toxoplasma gondii were evaluated using sabin-feldman dye, modified agglutination, indirect hemagglutination, and latex agglutination tests. the modified agglutination test, using whole formalin-preserved tachyzoites, was more sensitive for diagnosis of toxoplasmosis than were other tests. titers from the modified agglutination test that used formalin-preserved tachyzoites were higher than those from the modified ... | 1989 | 2722663 |
| congenital toxoplasmosis in abyssinian cats. | two of three litter-mate kittens born to an abyssinian cat died of acute toxoplasmosis. toxoplasma gondii was found in histologic sections of both kittens and this was confirmed by immunoperoxidase staining. | 1989 | 2773276 |
| [toxoplasma gondii infections and oocyst shedding in domestic cats and the significance of this for the epidemiology and epizootiology of toxoplasmosis]. | because of the dissemination of oocysts the cat and other felines have a central position within toxoplasma gondii epidemiology and epizootiology. from 1984 to 1986, 267 cats between 2 months and 15 years old were serologically examined (sft) for toxoplasma antibodies. the rate of infection was 59.9 per cent. the infection rate of stray cats (72.5%) was significantly higher than that of domestic cats (40%). the high infection rate of herbivores results from behaviour of stray cats. in faeces of ... | 1989 | 2782669 |
| oocyst-induced toxoplasma gondii infections in cats. | to investigate the oocyst-induced cycle with a 21+ day prepatent period, 32 cats were fed 5 x 10(5) to 2 x 10(7) sporulated oocysts of toxoplasma gondii and necropsied between 4 hr and 41 days thereafter. the presence of the earliest stages in 7 cats was tested in mice. the tissues of 25 cats were studied histologically; 17 were bioassayed by feeding them to cats to determine, by the length of the prepatent period, whether bradyzoites were present. based on previous studies, a short (3-10 days) ... | 1989 | 2795377 |
| diagnosis of recent toxoplasma gondii infection in cats by use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulin m. | subclinical toxoplasma gondii infection was induced in young and adult cats by oral administration of tissue cysts. an antibody-capture elisa to detect anti-toxoplasma igm-class antibodies in the serum of cats was developed. the serologic response to experimental infection was followed in the 2 groups of cats by use of anti-toxoplasma igm and igg detection. this study shows that anti-toxoplasma igm-class antibody titers develop early in the course of experimental infection in cats and that the c ... | 1989 | 2802336 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of circulating antigens of toxoplasma gondii in the serum of cats. | an elisa was developed to detect circulating antigens of toxoplasma gondii in the serum of cats. for the experiment, toxoplasmosis was induced in a group of cats by oral administration of bradyzoites. an elisa that detects anti-toxoplasma igg, an elisa to detect circulating antigens, and fecal examinations were performed on samples from each cat for 1 year after inoculation. when coupled with igg-class antibody measurement, antigen detection can aid in the diagnosis of some cases of subclinical ... | 1989 | 2802337 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in cats in georgia using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for igm, igg, and antigens. | serologic prevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays detecting immunoglobulin m (igm), immunoglobulin g (igg), and circulating t. gondii antigens (ag) in 81 healthy cats and 107 cats with clinical signs referable to toxoplasmosis. a higher prevalence of infection was detected using the three assays together in healthy cats, clinically ill cats, and combined healthy and clinically ill cats than when igg class antibody detection alone was used ... | 1989 | 2815532 |
| [the incidence of toxoplasmosis among wild vertebrates of turkmenia (based on serologic data)]. | 985 wild small mammals and birds were serologically investigated for toxoplasmosis from 1981 to 1984 in turkmenia: antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in the indirect hemagglutination and immunofluorescent complement fixation reactions according to goldwasser and shepard were found in 247 (25.0%), in 11 of 17 investigated species of mammals and in 13 of 22 species of birds. a sharp rise in the toxoplasmosis infection level of wild mammals was found out serologically for the first time (from 1.2% in ... | 1988 | 2976145 |
| efforts towards a vaccine against toxoplasma gondii: a review. | in a review, past as well as present investigations carried out towards a vaccine against toxoplasmosis are outlined. a historical retrospect of the various immunization experiments is given, recent research projects intending the characterization of antigens that are relevant to host protective immunity are described, and a prospect to future problems and developments expected in the field is drafted. | 1988 | 3066067 |
| [toxoplasma gondii infection among wild and domestic animals]. | 1988 | 3071919 | |
| [relation between the occurrence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii and clinical findings in cats]. | within a three-year period, 178 clinically healthy and 442 sick cats (patients of the clinic for small animal diseases of the university of veterinary medicine, brno) were examined for the presence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. antibodies to t. gondii were detected in 34.8% of the animals without clinical signs of the disease and in 54.3% of the sick cats (p less than 0.01). compared with the group of clinically healthy cats, the specific antibodies occurred significantly more frequently i ... | 1988 | 3127985 |
| [incidence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in cats from brno and the surrounding area]. | in the course of three years, 620 cats of all age categories were investigated for the occurrence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. the serological examinations included the sabin-feldman reaction (sfr), complement-fixation reaction (cfr) and microprecipitation in agar gel (mpa), according to methods prescribed for use in czechoslovakia. when the sabin-feldman reaction was used, 250 (40.3%) of the examined cats were found to be positive at the titre of 4-128. by the complement-fixation reactio ... | 1988 | 3128910 |
| fatal toxoplasmosis and enteroepithelial stages of toxoplasma gondii in a pallas cat (felis manul). | toxoplasma gondii was found in tissues of a six-year-old female pallas cat (felis manul) from the milwaukee county zoo. toxoplasma gondii meronts (types d and e), gamonts, and oocysts were present in the epithelium of the small intestine. numerous unsporulated oocysts were present in the intestinal lumen. the cat died of acute, overwhelming toxoplasmosis. necrotic enteritis, multifocal necrotizing granulomatous hepatitis, and pneumonia were the prominent lesions. | 1988 | 3199337 |
| long-term persistence of toxoplasma gondii in tissues of pigs inoculated with t gondii oocysts and effect of freezing on viability of tissue cysts in pork. | to study the distribution of tissue cysts in porcine tissues, 16 pigs were fed oocysts of 4 strains of toxoplasma gondii (4 pigs/strain). pigs were euthanatized between postinoculation days 103 and 875 and portions of 5 to 14 organs were bioassayed in mice and/or cats for t gondii. for bioassays, 50- to 100-g portions of tissue were incubated in acidic pepsin solution to free bradyzoites from cysts in parenchyma, and washed sediment from the digests of each specimen was inoculated sc into mice ( ... | 1988 | 3400928 |
| [a survey of toxoplasma gondii infection of miners in the nantun coal mine]. | 1988 | 3409307 | |
| toxoplasmosis. | toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that infects most species of warm-blooded animals, including human beings. infection in cats is of particular interest because felidae (domestic and wild) are the only known definitive hosts for t. gondii and thus are the main reservoirs of infection. clinical and public health aspects of t. gondii infections in cats and dogs are discussed in this article. | 1987 | 3328395 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in meat animals, cats and dogs in central scotland. | 1987 | 3580823 | |
| prevalence of chlamydia, toxoplasma, toxocara and ringworm in farm cats in south-west england. | the prevalence of infection with chlamydia psittaci, toxoplasma gondii, toxocara cati and microsporum canis was examined in 51 cats on 22 sheep farms in the bristol area. serum antibody to c psittaci and t gondii was present in 45 per cent and 47 per cent of cats, respectively. at the time of sampling c psittaci was isolated from 6 per cent of the cats, t cati was identified in 63 per cent of faecal samples but neither t gondii nor m canis was isolated. when examined according to the farm of ori ... | 1987 | 3672827 |
| low prevalence of toxoplasma infection in a rocky mountain prenatal population. | congenital toxoplasmosis is rarely diagnosed in colorado. to better determine whether this was the result of under-reporting or a valid observation, the sera of 120 consecutive prenatal patients from a lower-income clinic population were tested for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. four of the patients had positive sabin-feldman dye tests, for a 3% incidence of past infection. none had immunoglobulin m (igm) antibody. this rate is considerably lower than that in other populations, perhaps because ... | 1987 | 3684127 |
| epizootiologic investigations on a sheep farm with toxoplasma gondii-induced abortions. | during the lambing season of 1983/1984, 8 of 44 purebred hampshire ewes on a farm in knoxville, md had reproductive problems. in at least 4 of these ewes, the problem was attributed to toxoplasmosis. necrosis and toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites were found in placental specimens from 3 ewes. agglutinating antibody to t gondii, at a titer of 1:80, was found in pleural fluids of both fetuses aborted from 1 ewe; this ewe had an antibody titer of 1:6,400 at the time of abortion. in another ewe, the dia ... | 1986 | 3700210 |
| toxoplasma gondii-induced abortion in dairy goats. | three of 8 goats on a maryland farm aborted or had dystocia associated with toxoplasmosis during the winter of 1984. doe 1 aborted a decomposed fetus 30 days before term. modified agglutination test (mat) antibody titers against toxoplasma gondii were found in pleural fluid of the fetus (1:1,024) and in serum of doe (1:4,096 at 31 days after abortion). doe 2 aborted a fetus 5 days before term; mat antibody was found in the pleural fluid of the fetus (1:16,384) and in the doe's serum (1:4,096 on ... | 1986 | 3700211 |
| a serological survey of the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in dogs and cats in saudi arabia. | the prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in dogs and cats were determined by an indirect haemagglutination (iha) test. 3% of the dogs' sera and 15.2% of that of the cats showed titres diagnostically significant of toxoplasmosis in humans; their possible role in transmission of toxoplasmosis to humans in saudi arabia is discussed. | 1986 | 3750391 |
| congenital toxoplasmosis: epidemiologic features and control. | toxoplasmosis is caused by the parasite toxoplasma gondii. it is acquired from undercooked meat or from food or fomites contaminated by cat feces. the disease can be transmitted to the fetus only during maternal parasitemia, which is associated with primary infection. extrapolation from current data suggests that there are 140 to 1400 cases of congenital toxoplasmosis per year in canada and that 70 to 280 of the infants are severely affected at birth; many of the others suffer sequelae later in ... | 1986 | 3756692 |
| isospora (toxoplasma) gondii: induction of sexuality. | the role of the stomach and small intestine of cats and of the parasite's rate of multiplication on induction of sexuality in isospora (toxoplasma) gondii was studied by injecting cats either with free cystozoites or proliferative parasites directly into the intestinal lumen, after laparotomy. oocyst production was similar in cats infected orally with cysts or cystozoites and in cats infected by inoculation into the duodenal lumen with free cystozoites, obtained by either mechanical rupture of b ... | 1986 | 3757068 |
| the seasonal prevalence of the toxoplasma gondii infections in stray cats from urban area studied by parasitological methods. | 1986 | 3767640 |