Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| construction and characterization of a stably transformed hela cell line in which the expression of bovine herpesvirus 1 icp0 (bicp0) is induced by tetracycline. | to explore the effects bicp0 (a principal transactivator of bhv-1 gene expression) on viral promoter elements, we established a cell line in which the expression of bicp0 is regulated by tetracycline. a hybrid promoter containing reiterated copies of the tet-operator (tet-o) and a minimal herpesviral alpha gene transinducing factor (alpha tif) responsive element (minimal human cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter) was fused to the bicp0 gene and used to transform a hela cell line which expre ... | 1998 | 9580095 |
| humoral and cell-mediated immune responses of beef and dairy cattle experimentally infested with psoroptes ovis. | to compare cellular and humoral immune responses of beef (belgian white and blue [bwb]) and dairy (friesian-holstein [fh]) cattle to psoroptes ovis infestation and to determine whether p ovis infestation impaired immune responses to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibr) vaccine or an immunogenic protein (keyhole-limpet hemocyanin [klh]). | 1998 | 9582960 |
| prevalence of antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus and other viruses in bulk tank milk in england and wales. | bulk tank milk samples from 1070 dairy herds in england and wales were tested by elisa for antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv). a subset of 341 herds was tested by elisa for antibodies to bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and bovine coronavirus (bcv). none of the herds had less than 40 dairy cows and none had been vaccinated against bvdv. the prevalence of bvdv antibody-positive herds in the national population was estimated at 95 per cent and ... | 1998 | 9586130 |
| development of a syngeneic bovine fibroblast cell line: implications for the study of bovine cytotoxic t lymphocytes. | the study of t-cell-mediated cytotoxicity in domestic animals, especially in cattle, has been hampered by the lack of proper restimulatory as well as target systems. while the currently available bovine cell lines have not been typed for the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i molecules they express, methods to derive lines of cells obtained from animals that are mhc-typed have not been thoroughly explored. in the present study, we describe a method for the development of cell lines f ... | 1998 | 9586696 |
| milk production and reproduction during a subclinical bovine herpesvirus 1 infection on a dairy farm. | this study describes an outbreak of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) infections in a dairy herd with special reference to disease symptoms, reproductive performance and milk production losses. the study was carried out with a dairy herd consisting of 98 lactating animals. all animals were housed in the same freestall barn with intensive contact between all animals. an outbreak of bhv1 was induced by injecting three seropositive cows with dexamethasone. during the outbreak, no clinical signs were obse ... | 1998 | 9604259 |
| risk factors for existence of bovine herpes virus 1 antibodies on nonvaccinating dutch dairy farms. | a more closed farming system may prevent introduction of infectious diseases on dairy farms and can be a good starting point for control of these diseases. data were available on the presence of bovine herpes virus 1 (bhv1) antibodies in bulk milk and/or blood samples of dutch dairy farms. furthermore, information about the possible risk factors for introduction of infectious diseases was collected on 214 of these dairy farms. data of 107 farms which had been never vaccinated against bhv1 remain ... | 1998 | 9604262 |
| an inactivated ge-negative marker vaccine and an experimental gd-subunit vaccine reduce the incidence of bovine herpesvirus 1 infections in the field. | an inactivated glycoprotein e-negative vaccine and an experimental glycoprotein d-subunit vaccine against bovine herpesvirus 1 (v1) were examined for their effectiveness in a randomized, double-bline, placebo-controlled field trial comprising 130 dairy farms. the use of these marker vaccines enabled us to monitor the incidence of infections in vaccinated populations. the aims of this trial were to evaluate whether these vaccines: (1) reduce the proportion of outbreaks in dairy herds; and (2) red ... | 1998 | 9607041 |
| the bovine herpesvirus type 1 ul3.5 open reading frame encodes a virion structural protein. | the bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) open reading frame (orf) ul3.5 is similar to orfs found in pseudorabies virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, equine herpesvirus type 1, and varicella zoster virus, but clearly absent from herpes simplex virus. the published sequence for this orf predicts a 126-amino-acid (13.2 kda) protein product with an isoelectric point of 12.3. we confirmed the ul3.5 sequence, expressed the orf as a glutathione-s-transferase fusion protein, and made rabbit antibodi ... | 1998 | 9448691 |
| characterization of the bovine herpesvirus 1 ul8 gene and gene products. | the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) strain schönböken ul8 gene and the 5' flanking region were sequenced. comparison of the ul8 orf with the previously reported ul8 orf of bhv-1 strain cooper revealed significant differences that were mainly due to three frame-shifted segments. reanalysis of the cooper sequence after isolation of the respective segments from genomic dna by pcr did not confirm the discrepancies; on the contrary, our results indicate a high degree of sequence conservation between the ... | 1998 | 9460934 |
| detection of bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein e antibodies in individual milk samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. | the purpose of this study was to determine whether individual milk samples can replace serum samples for the detection of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) glycoprotein e (ge)-specific antibodies. serum and milk samples were collected at the same time from cattle in bhv1-free herds, cattle in unvaccinated herds, and cattle in herds that were vaccinated twice with a bhv1 marker vaccine. the samples were tested in two ge enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) systems. in comparison to serum, the resu ... | 1998 | 9466750 |
| further investigations on the efficacy of a non-specific defence inducer evaluated in calves exposed to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus. | six calves were given the immunomodulator baypamun and housed together with another six calves of which, three were experimentally infected with bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), whereas the remaining three served as untreated controls. the three experimentally infected calves as well as the three controls developed clinical signs of the typical acute form of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr). of the calves treated with baypamun, those that had only one injection of the immunomodulator, either ... | 1998 | 9611684 |
| entry of alphaherpesviruses mediated by poliovirus receptor-related protein 1 and poliovirus receptor. | a human member of the immunoglobulin superfamily was shown to mediate entry of several alphaherpesviruses, including herpes simplex viruses (hsv) 1 and 2, porcine pseudorabies virus (prv), and bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1). this membrane glycoprotein is poliovirus receptor-related protein 1 (prr1), designated here as hvec. incubation of hsv-1 with a secreted form of hvec inhibited subsequent infection of a variety of cell lines, suggesting that hvec interacts directly with the virus. poliovirus r ... | 1998 | 9616127 |
| bovine herpesvirus-1 infection affects the peptide transport activity in bovine cells. | infection of cattle with bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) impairs the cell-mediated immune response (cmi) of the affected host. we investigated the location of interference of bhv-1 with the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i antigen presentation pathway by employing an assay that allows assessment of the peptide transport activity of the transporter associated with antigen presentation (tap) from the cytoplasm into the endoplasmic reticulum (er). we found a considerable down-regulation ... | 1998 | 9617772 |
| virulence, immunogenicity and reactivation of bovine herpesvirus 1 mutants with a deletion in the gc, gg, gi, ge, or in both the gi and ge gene. | within the framework of developing a marker vaccine against bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1), several mutants with deletions in non-essential glycoprotein genes were constructed. glycoprotein gc, gg, gi and ge single deletion mutants, a gi/ge double deletion mutant and a ge frame-shift mutant were made. the virulence and immunogenicity of these mutants were evaluated in specific-pathogen-free calves. except for the gc deletion mutant, all mutants were significantly less virulent than the parental wil ... | 1998 | 9627937 |
| a comparative study of serological tests for use in the bovine herpesvirus 1 eradication programme in the netherlands. | we compared a gb-elisa, a ge-elisa and a danish test system (consisting of a blocking and an indirect elisa) for their specificity and sensitivity to detect antibodies against bhv1. the danish test system showed the highest sensitivity and the ge-elisa the lowest; the gb-elisa showed an intermediate sensitivity. if the doubtful zone (25-50% blocking) of the gb-elisa was considered as positive (gb-elisa+), the sensitivity almost reached that of the danish test system. the specificity of all tests ... | 1998 | 9631527 |
| reactivation of latent bovine herpesvirus 1 in cattle seronegative to glycoproteins gb and ge. | six heifers were vaccinated intranasally with the live bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) temperature-sensitive (ts) vaccine strain rbl106 within 3 weeks of birth. these calves most likely still had maternal antibodies against bhv1. thereafter, these heifers were vaccinated several times with an experimental bhv1 glycoprotein-d (gd) subunit vaccine. at the age of 3 years these 6 heifers were seronegative in the bhv1 gb and ge blocking elisas, but had neutralizing antibodies against bhv1, probably induc ... | 1998 | 9646441 |
| evaluation of baculovirus-expressed bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) glycoproteins for detection and analysis of bhv-1-specific antibody responses. | baculovirus (autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis)-expressed bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) glycoproteins b (gb), gc, and gd were developed and characterized. the recombinant proteins retained their antigenic properties as determined by immunoblotting against monoclonal antibodies. the proteins were examined as antigens for detection of bhv-1 infection and for the analysis of antibody responses to the individual viral proteins. a total of 115 bovine serum samples were tested for their react ... | 1998 | 9646475 |
| a cell surface protein with herpesvirus entry activity (hveb) confers susceptibility to infection by mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1, herpes simplex virus type 2, and pseudorabies virus. | certain mutant strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) are unable to infect cells in which entry is dependent on hvem, the previously described herpesvirus entry mediator designated here as herpesvirus entry protein a (hvea). these mutant viruses can infect other cells where entry is apparently dependent on other co-receptors. the mutant virus hsv-1(kos)rid1 was used to screen a human cdna expression library for ability of transfected plasmids to convert resistant chinese hamster ovary ce ... | 1998 | 9657005 |
| bovine herpesvirus type 1 glycoprotein c expression in mdbk cells and its reactivity in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | glycoprotein c (gc) of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) is a major viral glycoprotein expressed at high level on the surface of infected cells and on the virion envelope. this glycoprotein is also a major target of immune response at both humoral and cellular levels. the plasmid prsv-gc having complete coding gene for bhv-1 gc was transfected into mdbk cells and the expression of gc in these cells was detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds- ... | 1998 | 10358746 |
| reintroduction of bovine herpes virus type 1 into danish cattle herds during the period 1991-1995: a review of the investigations in the infected herds. | in denmark a programme for the systematic eradication of bovine herpes virus 1 (bhv-1) was completed during the years 1984 to 1991, but outbreaks due to new introductions of bhv-1 were seen. between january 1991 and may 1994, 22 herds became infected with bhv-1, all located closely to the german border. in 1995, 61 herds were detected bhv-1 antibody positive, but they were situated in many different parts of denmark. in order to find the source of infection owners of infected herds were intervie ... | 1998 | 9926454 |
| bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein m forms a disulfide-linked heterodimer with the u(l)49.5 protein. | nine glycoproteins (gb, gc, gd, ge, gg, gh, gi, gk, and gl) have been identified in bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1). gm has been identified in many other alpha-, beta-, and gammaherpesviruses, in which it appears to play a role in membrane penetration and cell-to-cell fusion. we sought to express bhv-1 open reading frame u(l)10, which encodes gm, and specifically identify the glycoprotein. we corrected a frameshift error in the published sequence and used the corrected sequence to design coterminal ... | 1998 | 9525625 |
| pseudorabies virus glycoprotein gk is a virion structural component involved in virus release but is not required for entry. | the pseudorabies virus (prv) gene homologous to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) ul53, which encodes hsv-1 glycoprotein k (gk), has recently been sequenced (j. baumeister, b. g. klupp, and t. c. mettenleiter, j. virol. 69:5560-5567, 1995). to identify the corresponding protein, a rabbit antiserum was raised against a 40-kda glutathione s-transferase-gk fusion protein expressed in escherichia coli. in western blot analysis, this serum detected a 32-kda polypeptide in prv-infected cell lysates ... | 1998 | 9499048 |
| attachment and growth of anchorage-dependent cells on a novel, charged-surface microcarrier under serum-free conditions. | the present study describes a novel microcarrier substrate consisting of a swellable, copolymer of styrene and divinylbenzene, derivatized with trimethylamine. the co-polymer trimethylamine microcarriers support the growth of a number of different cell lines - madin darby bovine kidney, madin-darby canine kidney, vero and cos-7 - under serum-free conditions, and human diploid fibroblasts in serum-containing medium. cells attach to the co- polymer trimethylamine microcarriers as rapidly as they a ... | 1998 | 19003412 |
| susceptibility of zona-intact and zona-free in vitro-produced bovine embryos at different stages of development to infection with bovine herpesvirus-1. | the aim of the present study was to determine if bhv-1 is able to replicate within in vitro produced embryos and to investigate the degree to which the zona pellucida (zp) is able to protect in vitro produced embryos against infection with bhv-1. both zp-intact and zp-free matured oocytes, zygotes (1 d post insemination; 1dpi), 8-cell stage embryos (3 dpi), morulae (6 dpi) were incubated for 1 h in 1 ml of mem containing 10(7.7) tcid(50)/ml bhv-1 (cooper strain). three titers (10(5.7), 10(6.7) a ... | 1997 | 16728085 |
| neuropathology of bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5) meningo-encephalitis in a rabbit seizure model. | the suitability of a rabbit seizure model for studying the neuropathogenesis of bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5) encephalitis was evaluated. intranasal administration of bhv-5 (strain tx89) together with intramuscular administration of dexamethasone produced seizures in 70% of rabbits tested and meningo-encephalitis in 100%. infectious bhv-5 was consistently isolated from the following sites: olfactory bulb; anterior cortex, containing the frontal cortex, olfactory tract and anterior portion of ... | 1997 | 9502267 |
| health evaluation of black-faced impala (aepyceros melampus petersi) using blood chemistry and serology. | as part of ongoing ecological studies of black-faced impala (aepyceros melampus petersi) in northern namibia, blood samples were collected and analyzed from 26 animals captured for translocation in 1992. all animals appeared to be in good condition and no abnormality was noted during physical examination. serum chemistry and mineral levels were measured and correlated with the results of bacterial and viral serology and were within the normal ranges for domestic ruminants. antibody titers for in ... | 1997 | 9523628 |
| nucleotide sequence of canine herpesvirus homologues of herpes simplex virus type 1 us2, us3, glycoproteins i and e, us8.5 and us9 genes. | the partial nucleotide sequence of two bamhi fragments that span the unique short region (us), terminal repeat region (tr) and internal repeat region (ir) of canine herpesvirus (chv) has been determined. data obtained revealed several open reading frames (orf's) identified as the us2, us3, gi, ge and us9 homologues of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1). the chv homologues also show significant identity in amino acid sequence with those encoded by feline herpesvirus type 1 (fhv1), bovine herpesvi ... | 1997 | 9524817 |
| construction of a viable bhv1 mutant lacking most of the short unique region. | the 8.2 kb hindiii k-fragment of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) lies entirely within the short unique region of the genome and contains all or parts of 7 coding regions. we have probed this fragment for the presence of nonessential genes by a simple, rapid method of insertional mutagenesis. our analysis indicates that all the genes present in the k-fragment, except the glycoprotein d gene, are nonessential for replication of bhv1 in tissue culture. after inserting a copy of the glycoprotein d gene ... | 1997 | 9672601 |
| immediate-early protein bicp22 of bovine herpesvirus 1 trans-represses viral promoters of different kinetic classes and is itself regulated by bicp0 at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) encodes four immediate-early (ie) proteins. the transactivators bicp0 and bicp4 are key regulatory elements in viral replication, and circ is a myristylated virion component, whereas bicp22--originating from a spliced 1.7-kb transcript synthesized with dual ie and late kinetics--has not yet been characterized as a protein. in this study, western blot and immunofluorescence analysis using antisera against a c-terminal oligopeptide revealed major 50-kda and minor 35-kd ... | 1997 | 9672606 |
| the humoral immune response in cattle after immunization with a multivalent ibr/pi3/pasteurella haemolytica a1 leukotoxin vaccine. | a multivalent vaccine consisting of inactivated bovine herpes virus-1 (bhv-1), also known as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibr), para-influenza type-3 virus (pi3) and the leukotoxin of pasteurella haemolytica a1, were combined with the addition of aluminium hydroxide as adjuvant, and administered to post-weaned calves, and the serum tested for seroconversion to each antigen. two groups of calves (n = 150 and n = 68) were used and were randomly divided into three subgroups. the first g ... | 1997 | 9467176 |
| a serological survey of bovine herpesvirus-1 infection in selected dairy herds in northern and central italy. | serum samples from a total of 6979 dairy cattle from 55 herds in northern italy (51 herds) and central italy (4 herds), were examined by the serum neutralization test for the presence of antibody to bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1). it was found that 84.31% of the farms selected in northern italy and all the farms from central italy had seropositive animals at titers of 1:4 or higher. the prevalence of infection was essentially the same among the cattle populations of the two selected areas of the c ... | 1997 | 9481516 |
| tumor necrosis factor beta is a major source of antibody-activated effector cells in the killing of virally infected target cells. | we have extended our previous work on cross-linking cd4 molecules using specific monoclonal-antibody-induced antigen-nonspecific major-histocompatibility-complex unrestricted killing by cd4+ t cells of virally infected target cells. the killing activity of antibody-activated cd4+ t cells was completely blocked by herbimycin a, a protein tyrosine kinase (ptk) inhibitor, but not by bisindolylmaleimide, a protein kinase c inhibitor. herbimycin-a-treated human or bovine peripheral blood cd4+ t cells ... | 1997 | 9491850 |
| fine mapping of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein c neutralizing epitopes by type-specific monoclonal antibodies and synthetic peptides. | bovine herpesvirus glycoprotein c (gc) functions as a major virus attachment protein. here, two bhv-1 gc-specific epitopes that are specified by complement-dependent neutralizing mabs are mapped. the bhv-1 gc-specific peptides and mabs were used to specifically localize continuous epitopes by direct binding to the mabs and by blocking the mab reactivity (competitive elisa) to authentic viral antigen. the results of competitive elisa indicated that the complement-dependent neutralizing epitopes r ... | 1997 | 9453139 |
| protective immunity in cattle following vaccination with conventional and marker bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv1) vaccines. | the efficacy of two experimental subunit gd vaccines and two commercial whole virus vaccines was determined in a bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv1) challenge trial. full-length gd and a truncated, secreted form of gd (tgd) were produced using a vaccinia virus expression system and purified by affinity chromatography. comparison of these forms of gd did not reveal significant structural or antigenic differences. calves immunized with gd or tgd in avridine developed significantly (p < 0.05) higher neutra ... | 1997 | 9041664 |
| detection of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) genomic sequences in bovine semen inoculated with bhv-1 by polymerase chain reaction. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique was applied to detect bhv-1 in bovine semen inoculated with bhv-1. the technique was found to be 10(6) times more sensitive than a non-isotopic dot-blot hybridization method in detecting viral genomic dna. of the three primer pairs used, the one chosen from glycoprotein gc appeared to be most sensitive as it could detect up to 0.01 tcid50 of bhv-1 in the semen. the technique could be useful in screening breeding bulls or samples of frozen semen prior to ... | 1997 | 9607088 |
| bovine herpesvirus 1 downregulates the expression of bovine mhc class i molecules. | the mechanism of immunosuppression induced by bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) was investigated by studying the effects of the virus on the expression of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i molecules. after infection with the virus, the expression of class i molecules was detected by flow cytometry and pulse-chase analysis. a selective downregulation of expression of class i molecules was seen in the infected cells, while the class ii expression remained unaffected. the reduction in surfa ... | 1997 | 9095529 |
| effects of copper deficiency and copper deficiency coupled with high dietary iron or molybdenum on phagocytic cell function and response of calves to a respiratory disease challenge. | a study was conducted to determine the effects of supplementing a diet marginally deficient in copper (cu) with iron (fe), molybdenum (mo), or cu on phagocytic cell function and disease resistance of calves. thirty-one calves were born to heifers fed a corn silage-based diet containing 4.5 mg of cu/kg. treatments consisted of 1) control (con; no supplemental cu, fe, or mo), 2) 600 mg of fe added/kg (fe), 3) 5 mg of mo added/kg (mo), or 4) 10 mg of cu added/kg of dm (cu). activity of superoxide d ... | 1997 | 9110227 |
| serologic survey for infectious pathogens in free-ranging american bison. | from november 1991 through march 1992, we evaluated 101 free-ranging american bison (bison bison) from yellowstone national park, wyoming (usa) for exposure to infectious organisms that commonly infect cattle. no titers were detected for bluetongue virus, bovine leukemia virus, or campylobacter fetus in these 101 bison. detectable antibodies occurred against anaplasma marginale (eight of 76, 11%), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (31 of 101, 31%), bovine viral diarrhea (31 of 101, 31%), bovine ... | 1997 | 9131564 |
| nucleotide sequence and transcriptional analysis of a portion of the bovine herpesvirus genome encoding genes homologous to hsv-1, ul25, ul26 and ul26.5. | we determined the nucleotide sequence of a 3,811 base pair (bp) region of the bovine herpesvirus type-1 (bhv-1) hindiii-a fragment covering map units 0.429-0.456, which contained the hsv-1 homologues of the ul25, ul26 and ul26.5 genes. sequence overlap was verified with previously published bhv-1 sequences, resulting in contiguous sequence spanning from ul24 to ul27 (encoding glycoprotein b). we found that the ul25 open reading frame (orf) overlapped that of ul24 by 16 nucleotides, an unexpected ... | 1997 | 9140190 |
| bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein b does not productively interact with cell surface heparan sulfate in a pseudorabies virion background. | attachment to cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans is the first step in infection by several alphaherpesviruses. this interaction is primarily mediated by virion glycoprotein c (gc). in herpes simplex virus, in the absence of the nonessential gc, heparan sulfate binding is effected by glycoprotein b. in contrast, gc-negative pseudorabies virus (prv) infects target cells via a heparan sulfate-independent mechanism, indicating that prv virion gb does not productively interact with heparan su ... | 1997 | 9151882 |
| sequence analysis of the bovine herpesvirus type 1 genes homologous to the dna polymerase (ul30), the major dna-binding protein (ul29) and icp18.5 assembly protein (ul28) genes of herpes simplex virus. | the nucleotide sequence of a 10.5 kb region (map position 0.332 to 0.410) of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) was determined. this region contained three open reading frames (orfs) homologous to herpes simplex virus dna polymerase catalytic subunit (dnapol, ul30), major dna-binding protein (mdbp, ul29) and icp18.5 assembly protein (icp18.5, ul28). the bhv-1 dnapol. mdbp and icp18.5 orfs were 1246, 1203 and 826 amino acids long with a calculated molecular mass of 134.2 kda, 124.4 kda and 86.9 kd ... | 1997 | 9155875 |
| necrotic oophoritis in gilts associated with experimental inoculation of a viral gene-deletion mutant pseudorabies vaccine. | previous work on the reproductive effects of various herpesviruses has demonstrated adverse effects on reproductive function in several host species. although herpesviral vaccines are used in several species to ameliorate the clinical effects of infection, pathogenicity for reproductive tissue, associated with diminished reproductive efficiency, has been reported to be retained in a live-attenuated vaccine strain of the herpesvirus, bovine herpesvirus-1. the objective of this study was to determ ... | 1997 | 9163875 |
| pseudorabies virus recombinants expressing functional virulence determinants ge and gi from bovine herpesvirus 1.1. | in the alphaherpesvirinae subfamily, the ge and gi genes are conserved and encode membrane glycoproteins required for efficient pathogenesis (virulence). the molecular mechanism(s) responsible is not well understood, but the existence of similar phenotypes of ge and gi mutations in diverse alphaherpesvirinae implies conservation of function(s). in this report, we describe construction of pseudorabies virus (prv) recombinants that efficiently express the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) membrane prot ... | 1997 | 9060626 |
| effect on milk production of vaccination with a bovine herpesvirus 1 gene-deleted vaccine. | a field trial was conducted to determine the effect of vaccination with an inactivated bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) ge-negative marker vaccine on the milk production of dairy cows. the daily milk yield of 455 cows in six herds was measured electronically from six days before vaccination until 14 days after vaccination. the treatment consisted of two injections with either vaccine or placebo, both at an interval of four weeks. there was a small, but significant (p < 0.05), decrease of about 1.4 li ... | 1997 | 9061871 |
| a quantitative study of the efficacy of a deletion mutant bovine herpesvirus-1 differential vaccine in reducing the establishment of latency by wildtype virus. | using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) we have studied the latency established by wildtype (wt) bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) after challenge of cattle that had been vaccinated with a double deletion (gc-/tk-) mutant bhv-1 vaccine. fourteen animals were vaccinated intramuscularly with 2 ml containing 10(7.4) ccid50 (cell culture infectious dose 50%) of ibrv (ng) dltkdlgc and challenged, along with six unvaccinated control animals, 30 days later with 10(8.2) ccid50 of wt bhv-1 (cooper) ... | 1997 | 9066027 |
| immune suppression in calves with bovine immunodeficiency virus. | the present study was designed to evaluate the effect of bovine immunodeficiency virus (biv) infection on immune functions and possible interactions between biv and other bovine viruses in calves. ten calves were inoculated intravenously with biv, and five served as controls. an increased lymphocyte proliferation to biv gag protein was demonstrated 2 to 6 weeks after biv inoculation (p < 0.05). lymphocyte subset differentiation revealed a decreased cd4/cd8 ratio (p < 0.05) during weeks 2 to 7, s ... | 1997 | 9067663 |
| standardization of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for quantitative estimation of antibodies specific for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza-3 virus, and bovine viral diarrhea virus. | commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for detection of serum antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), parainfluenza-3 virus (pi3v), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv) were standardized to give a quantitative result when testing was performed at a single optimum dilution. for each test, serum samples were titrated and their end point titers calculated by an algebraic method directly from a plot of each titration series a ... | 1997 | 9087921 |
| yeast-secreted bovine herpesvirus type 1 glycoprotein d has authentic conformational structure and immunogenicity. | bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein d (gd), an envelope glycoprotein, engenders mucosal and systemic immunity protecting cattle from viral infection. production of gd with authentic immunogenicity is required for a subunit vaccine. we placed the truncated bhv-1 gd gene, lacking its putative transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, under the control of the methanol-inducible aox1 promoter in the yeast pichia pastoris. truncated bhv-1 gd (tgd) was efficiently secreted into the culture medium a ... | 1997 | 9178470 |
| bovine herpesvirus 1-induced apoptosis occurs at the g0/g1 phase of the cell cycle. | we have previously shown that bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), even when inactivated, induces apoptotic cell death in mitogen-stimulated bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) (hanon et al., 1996, j. virol. 70, 4116-4120). in order to gain insight into this process, we have investigated the cell cycle phase at which bhv-1 induces apoptosis in pbmcs. our results show that the percentage of cells that progress through the s phase was always lower in bhv-1-infected pbmcs than in control cel ... | 1997 | 9191849 |
| identification and characterization of bovine herpesvirus-1 glycoproteins e and i. | to identify the products of the bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) ge and gi genes, we constructed baculovirus recombinants containing the putative ge or gi genes. these recombinant viruses synthesized bhv-1 ge and gi with apparent molecular masses of 84 and 41 kda, respectively. polyclonal antibodies against these recombinant ge or gi proteins were produced and by using these antibodies, we showed the presence of ge and gi with apparent molecular masses of 94 and 45 kda, respectively, in purified bhv ... | 1997 | 9191936 |
| infectious pustular vulvovaginitis/infectious pustular balanoposthitis in cattle. | 1997 | 9194305 | |
| interference activity of bovine herpes virus 1 strains against aujeszky's disease virus in cell cultures. | the interference-inducing activity of different low- and high-virulence strains of bovine herpes virus 1 (bhv-1) against aujeszky's disease virus was studied by a parallel titration on permissive and non-permissive cell culture. the low-virulence bhv-1 strains possessed better interference-inducing activity than the high-virulence strains. an interference blocking test (ibt) was developed for the detection of bhv-1 antibodies in bovine sera. comparative results of ibt and the virus neutralisatio ... | 1997 | 9208203 |
| effect of shipping and chromium supplementation on performance, immune response, and disease resistance of steers. | forty-eight angus crossbred steers (263 +/- 2 kg initial bw) were blocked by weight and randomly assigned within weight group to treatment. treatments consisted of control or .4 mg of supplemental cr as cr-nicotinic acid complex/kg of dm. steers were fed diets containing 90% corn silage (dm basis) and 10% of a soybean meal-mineral-vitamin supplement. after 56 d on the dietary treatment, half of the steers in each treatment were transported 343 km and unloaded in an unfamiliar location. the next ... | 1997 | 9222855 |
| the ge and gi homologs from two alphaherpesviruses have conserved and divergent neuroinvasive properties. | the membrane glycoproteins ge and gi are encoded by pseudorabies virus (prv), a neurotropic, broad-host-range alphaherpesvirus of swine. prv ge and gi are required for anterograde spread to a restricted set of retinorecipient neurons in the brain after infection of the rat retina. a related alphaherpesvirus, encoding ge and gi homologs, is called bovine herpesvirus 1.1 (bhv-1.1). bhv-1.1 is a respiratory pathogen of highly restricted host range and, in contrast to prv, is unable to propagate in ... | 1997 | 9223471 |
| [seroprevalence of viral infections in llamas (lama glama) in the republic of argentina]. | this study reports the seroprevalence of bovine viral infections in llamas (lama glama) in argentina. this is the first study made in the country including 390 llamas and testing antibodies against eight viruses. samples were collected from nine farms distributed in three different provinces: buenos aires, córdoba and jujuy. the samples were tested for antibodies against eight viruses known to infect cattle: bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine adenovirus ... | 1997 | 9229724 |
| sheep do not have a major role in bovine herpesvirus 1 transmission. | with regard to bhv1 eradication programs in cattle it is important to know whether sheep can be a reservoir of bhv1. we therefore performed an experiment that consisted of three phases. in phase 1, 10 sheep were inoculated with high doses of bhv1 and kept in close contact with 5 sheep and 5 calves. all inoculated sheep excreted bhv1 between 8 and 15 days post inoculation and seroconverted. although bhv1 was isolated from the nasal mucosa of 3 out of 5 sentinel sheep, none of the sentinel sheep p ... | 1997 | 9231980 |
| herpesviral abortion in domestic animals. | abortion or neonatal disease may follow infection with several alpha, beta and gamma-herpesviruses. the alpha-herpesvirus, equid herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1), causes single or epizootic abortions or neonatal deaths in equids, and the closely related virus ehv-4 causes sporadic equine abortions. in cattle, the alpha-herpesviruses, bovine herpesvirus-1 (infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus) and bovine herpesvirus-5 (bovine encephalitis virus), and a gamma-herpesvirus, bovine herpesvirus-4, have all be ... | 1997 | 9232116 |
| the efficacy of trypsin for disinfection of in vitro fertilized bovine embryos exposed to bovine herpesvirus 1. | bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (coc) or in vitro fertilized (ivf) embryos were exposed to bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) during in vitro maturation or co-culture with uterine tubal cells, respectively. trypsin, at a concentration of 0.25%, was applied (for approximately 90 s) to disinfect either coc or cumulus-free oocytes (cfo) 18 h after insemination, or on day 7 to embryos resulting from infected oocytes. in total, virus was not detected in 71% of 93 samples containing 233 embryos exposed to b ... | 1997 | 9233501 |
| assessing infections at multiple levels of aggregation. | the patterns of sero-prevalence of antibodies to four infectious diseases, representing a broad range of pathogens (bacteria: brucellosis; mycoplasma: contagious bovine pleuropneumonia; viruses: infectious bovine rhinotracheitis; protozoa: trypanosomosis) were investigated at three levels of organization (farm, area and district). three contrasting districts in kenya were compared: an arid and pastoral area (samburu); a tropical highland area (kiambu), and a tropical coastal area (kilifi). cattl ... | 1997 | 9234402 |
| polynucleotide vaccines in animals: enhancing and modulating responses. | we immunized cattle, the natural host for bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), with a polynucleotide vaccine encoding bhv-1 glycoprotein d. these cattle trials clearly indicate that large species can be immunized with polynucleotide vaccines. recently, using a murine model, we demonstrated that: the cellular compartment to which the expressed antigen is delivered determines the type of immune response (type 1 or type 2), and that the magnitude and direction of the immune response can be modulated by co ... | 1997 | 9234534 |
| analysis of bovine herpesvirus 1 transcripts during a primary infection of trigeminal ganglia of cattle. | during an infection of nonneuronal cells, bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) gene expression proceeds in a well-defined cascade. products of immediate-early (ie) genes are expressed first, and they activate expression of early (e) and late (l) genes. although the same cascade is assumed to occur during an infection of neurons in trigeminal ganglia (tg) of cattle, no experimental data is available to support this hypothesis. consequently, we analyzed bhv-1 gene expression in bovine tg at 1, 2, 4, 7, an ... | 1997 | 9261403 |
| study of immunogenicity and virulence of bovine herpesvirus 1 mutants deficient in the ul49 homolog, ul49.5 homolog and dutpase genes in cattle. | we previously reported that the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv 1) gene homologous to herpes simplex virus gene ul49 is dispensable; nevertheless, a mutant with the ul49 homolog (ul49 h) gene deletion exhibited significantly impaired growth in cell culture. to further evaluate the role of the ul49 h in virus infectivity in the natural host of bhv 1, the pathogenesis of the ul49 h negative mutant was studied in cattle. an additional mutant with a combined defect in ul49 h, ul49.5 h and dutpase genes wa ... | 1997 | 9269047 |
| an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect antibodies against glycoprotein ge of bovine herpesvirus 1 allows differentiation between infected and vaccinated cattle. | a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for detecting antibodies against glycoprotein ge (ge) of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1). the assay is based on the use of two monoclonal antibodies directed against different antigenic domains on ge. sera from uninfected cattle and cattle that had been repeatedly vaccinated with ge-negative marker vaccines scored negative, whereas sera from cattle naturally or experimentally infected with bhv1 field strains scored positive in the ge ... | 1997 | 9274815 |
| bovine herpesvirus-1 infects activated cd4+ lymphocytes. | acute virus infections can induce immune deficiencies, as shown by immunosuppression to a variety of antigens and mitogens. previously we observed that live bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) induced considerable lymphocyte death in culture, suggesting that the virus infected one or more cell populations. our goal was to identify the cells infected by bhv-1 and the mechanism resulting in cell death. cona activated cells were cultured with bhv-1 and stained with monoclonal antibodies specific for virus ... | 1997 | 9292002 |
| [serological investigations in the diagnosis of viral infections derived from cattle in sheep]. | in the coast region of the north-west of germany 269 arbitrary chosen blood samples of 22 flocks of sheep were tested for the existence of bhv-1, bvd and pi-3 antibodies. the livestock of 13 farms with 163 sheep consistent of sheep and bovine, 9 herds with 106 sheep kept sheep only. the results show that bhv-1 antibodies were not present in the sampled sheep. contrary to this are the results for bvd and pi-3. the blood tests for bvd antibodies were positive in 6.7% of the samples. this result in ... | 1997 | 9324461 |
| disease risks to animal health from artificial insemination with bovine semen. | two of the major goals of artificial insemination of domesticated animals are to achieve continuous genetic improvement and to prevent or eliminate venereal disease. in comparison with natural service, fewer males are needed to artificially inseminate the same number of females and to produce the same number of offspring. however, there are risks associated with artificial insemination, which has the potential to disseminate genetic defects and also to spread infectious disease nationally and in ... | 1997 | 9329119 |
| inactivated bovine herpesvirus 1 marker vaccines are more efficacious in reducing virus excretion after reactivation than a live marker vaccine. | a comparative study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of three bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) marker vaccines to reduce the reexcretion of virus after reactivation of latent bhv1. a live ge-negative vaccine, an inactivated ge-negative vaccine and an experimental gd-subunit vaccine were tested in three identical experiments in which cattle, latently infected with bhv1, were vaccinated twice before they were treated with high doses of dexamethasone. virus excretion after dexamethasone treatmen ... | 1997 | 9330461 |
| antiviral activity of an extract from leaves of the tropical plant acanthospermum hispidum. | incubation of the alphaherpesviruses pseudorabiesvirus (prv) and bovine herpesvirus 1 during infection of cell cultures with an extract prepared from the leaves of acanthospermum hispidum impaired productive replication of these viruses in a concentration-dependent manner whereas propagation of classical swine fever virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus and vaccinia virus was not affected. the 50% inhibitory concentration for cell growth (ic50) was 107 +/- 5 microliters/ml, and the concentration r ... | 1997 | 9330761 |
| functional complementation of ul3.5-negative pseudorabies virus by the bovine herpesvirus 1 ul3.5 homolog. | the ul3.5 gene is positionally conserved but highly variable in size and sequence in different members of the alphaherpesvirinae and is absent from herpes simplex virus genomes. we have shown previously that the pseudorabies virus (prv) ul3.5 gene encodes a nonstructural protein which is required for secondary envelopment of intracytoplasmic virus particles in the trans-golgi region. in the absence of ul3.5 protein, naked nucleocapsids accumulate in the cytoplasm, release of infectious virions i ... | 1997 | 9343253 |
| induction of procoagulant activity in virus infected bovine alveolar macrophages and the effect of lipopolysaccharide. | three viruses known to be associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex were evaluated in vitro for potential impact upon the procoagulant activity (pca) of bovine alveolar macrophages (bam). cultures of bam were inoculated with bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (pi-3), cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (cpbvdv), non-cytopathic bvdv (ncpbvdv), or bovine herpes virus type 1 (bhv-1) and incubated for several time periods (24, 48, 72, 96 h). bam were then exposed to e. coli lipopolysa ... | 1997 | 9343337 |
| effect of bovine herpes virus-1, bluetongue virus and akabane virus on the in vitro development of bovine embryos. | bovine oocytes enclosed by follicular epithelial (fe) cells were exposed to bovine herpes virus-1 (bhv-1), bluetongue virus (btv) and akabane virus (av), matured in culture for 24 h and then in vitro fertilized. in the bhv-1-exposed group, bhv-1 was isolated from medium 3 days after in vitro fertilization at a high titer, and a severe cytopathic effect was observed in the fe cells. oocytes in the bhv-1-exposed group developed to the 2-cell to 8-cell stage, but failed to develop into blastocysts. ... | 1997 | 9355248 |
| effect of il-4 and il-12 liposomal formulations on the induction of immune response to bovine herpesvirus type-1 glycoprotein d. | activation of different t-helper (th) responses following immunisation has profound and specific influences on the development of the immune response and on the ability of a vaccine to confer protection. since cytokines are capable of influencing the stimulation of distinct t-cell responses, their encapsulation in vaccines should modulate antigen-specific immune responses. unfortunately, the use of cytokines in vivo is hampered by their rapid clearance and inactivation. one possible solution to ... | 1997 | 9364679 |
| mucosal immunization with recombinant adenoviruses: induction of immunity and protection of cotton rats against respiratory bovine herpesvirus type 1 infection. | to facilitate the evaluation of vaccines against bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1), a cotton rat model of intranasal (i.n.) bhv-1 infection was established. cotton rat lung cells were similar to bovine cells in their ability to support bhv-1 replication in vitro. furthermore, i.n. inoculation of cotton rats with bhv-1 resulted in pulmonary lesions comparable to bhv-1 infection in cattle. using this model, the potential of i.n. and gastrointestinal (g.i.) immunization was examined with recombinan ... | 1997 | 9367381 |
| a molecular genetic approach to improved animal health. the effect of interferon genotype on the severity of experimental bovine herpesvirus-1 infection. | in the past decade, biotechnology has brought veterinary medicine an increased understanding of the effects of genetic background on disease resistance and production traits. specific point mutations have been identified for a number of genetic diseases and genetic testing; selective breeding programs can eliminate these diseases from the population. complex traits such as disease resistance and production traits are thought to be under the control of multiple genes, making their manipulation mo ... | 1997 | 9368986 |
| infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza-3, and respiratory coronavirus. | a number of viruses have been proven to be primary respiratory pathogens of cattle. viruses may play an important role in making cattle susceptible to secondary respiratory bacterial pathogens. epidemiology, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis, and important properties in infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr), parainfluenza-3 (pi-3), and bovine respiratory coronavirus (brcv) are described in this article. | 1997 | 9368989 |
| specific detection of shedding and latency of bovine herpesvirus 1 and 5 using a nested polymerase chain reaction. | a sensitive method for simultaneously detecting and discriminating between bovine herpesviruses types 1 and 5 (bhv-1 and bhv-5) was developed using a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique. following amplification using type-common primers derived from gc sequences, amplification using type-specific nesting primers produced different-sized bands specific to the corresponding types, as demonstrated by blot hybridization. less than 0.1 plaque-forming units (pfu) of each virus and 75 fg o ... | 1997 | 9376428 |
| identification of dna sequences in the latency related promoter of bovine herpes virus type 1 which are bound by neuronal specific factors. | bovine herpes virus 1 establishes a latent infection in sensory ganglionic neurons of cattle. during a latent infection latency related (lr) transcripts are the only detectable viral rnas. dna sequences in the lr promoter are positively regulated by neural factors. the 5' terminus of lr rna in productively infected bovine cells is 20-30 nucleotides downstream from two overlapping tata like elements. in contrast, the major start sites of lr transcription in trigeminal ganglia of latently infected ... | 1997 | 9381799 |
| serological evidence of bovine herpesviruses 1 and 2 in asian elephants. | antibodies were detected against bovine herpesviruses 1 (bhv 1) and 2 (bhv 2) in asian elephants (elephas maximus) using the passive hemagglutination (pha) test. the study was conducted during may to december 1994 using sera collected from zoological gardens and national parks in india. four (4%) of 109 elephant sera had pha titers ranging from 1:8 to 1:32 against bhv 1. twenty-five (23%) of the 109 elephant sera had pha titers ranging from 1:8 to 1:64 against bhv 2. asian elephants appear to be ... | 1997 | 9391986 |
| immunization of cattle with a bhv1 vector vaccine or a dna vaccine both coding for the g protein of brsv. | a ge-negative bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) vector vaccine carrying a gene coding for the g protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) (bhv1/brsv-g) induced the same high degree of protection in calves against brsv infection and bhv1 infection as a multivalent commercial vaccine. a dna plasmid vaccine, carrying the same gene as the bhv1/brsv-g vaccine, significantly reduced brsv shedding after brsv infection compared with that in control calves, but less well than the bhv1/brsv-g vaccine ... | 1997 | 9413101 |
| sequencing of a 5.5-kb dna fragment and identification of a gene coding for a subunit of the helicase/primase complex of avian laryngotracheitis virus (iltv). | the nucleotide sequence of a 5,520-bp ecori restriction fragment of avian infectious laryngotracheitis (iltv) dna was reported and submitted to genebank with an accession number of af001078. computer prediction revealed one large potential open reading frame (orf) with sequence similar to one subunit of the dna helicase-primase complex of alpha-herpesviruses. the dna helicase/primase complex of hsv-1 consists of three sub-units with molecular weights of 12,000, 97,000 and 70,000, encoded by gene ... | 1997 | 9421876 |
| a comparison of different models for assessing variations in the sero-prevalence of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis by farm, area and district in kenya. | the relative variability of the sero-prevalence of antibodies to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) due to cow, farm, and agroecological area levels were investigated for three contrasting districts in kenya: samburu, an arid and pastoral area; kiambu, a tropical highland area; and kilifi, a typical tropical coastal area. cattle were selected by two-stage cluster sampling and visited once between august 1991 and 1992. data on animal, farm, and area factors were analyzed using schall's algor ... | 1997 | 9443329 |
| from essential to beneficial: glycoprotein d loses importance for replication of bovine herpesvirus 1 in cell culture. | glycoprotein d (gd) of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) has been shown to be an essential component of virions involved in virus entry. gd expression in infected cells is also required for direct cell-to-cell spread. therefore, bhv-1 gd functions are identical in these aspects to those of herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) gd. in contrast, the gd homolog of pseudorabies virus (prv), although essential for penetration, is not necessary for direct cell-to-cell spread. cocultivation of cells infected with ... | 1997 | 8985319 |
| assembly of herpes simplex virus capsids using the human cytomegalovirus scaffold protein: critical role of the c terminus. | an essential step in assembly of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 capsids involves interaction of the major capsid protein (vp5) with the c terminus of the scaffolding protein (encoded by the ul26.5 gene). the final 12 residues of the hsv scaffolding protein contains an a-x-x-f-v/a-x-q-m-m-x-x-r motif which is conserved between scaffolding proteins found in other alphaherpesviruses but not in members of the beta- or gamma-herpesviruses. previous studies have shown that the bovine herpesvirus 1 ... | 1997 | 8995652 |
| functional analysis of the transmembrane anchor region of bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein gb. | in herpesviruses, homologues of glycoprotein b (gb) are essential membrane proteins which are involved in fusion. however, there is no clear evidence regarding the location of the fusogenic domain on gb. by using bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) as a model, we studied the relationship between the structure and the fusogenic activity of gb. this was achieved by expressing genes of different gb derivatives containing specific truncations at the end of segments 2 or 3 of the transmembrane region in mad ... | 1997 | 9024808 |
| characteristics of dna-tagged liposomes allowing their use in capillary-migration, sandwich-hybridization assays. | liposomes that have been labeled externally with a dna oligomer are used in a capillary-migration, sandwich-hybridization assay for specific dna target sequences. the liposomes are used in a dna detection scheme that produces visually observable results in 10 min. the preparation and covalent attachment of a thiol-activated 22-base oligomer to the external surface of dye-containing liposomes is described, and the specificity of the assay toward perfectly complementary target dna is demonstrated. ... | 1997 | 9025942 |
| supplemental dietary chromium does not influence acth, cortisol, or immune responses in young calves inoculated with bovine herpesvirus-1. | twelve holstein bull calves (6 to 8 wk of age) were used to determine the influence of supplemental dietary cr on acth, cortisol, and immune responses of calves experimentally inoculated with bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1). calves supplemented with cr received 3 mg cr/d (chromium, n = 6) of a high-cr-yeast product. following 53 d of treatment, all calves were fitted with jugular catheters, and blood samples were collected every 4 h into tubes containing etda. twenty-four hours later, all calves we ... | 1997 | 9027569 |
| probability of detecting antibodies to bovine herpesvirus 1 in bulk milk after the introduction of a positive animal on to a negative farm. | the purpose of this study was to assess the probability that the introduction of one or more bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1)-seropositive animals would result in the bulk milk of a clean herd becoming bhv-1-positive. probability calculations (stochastic and deterministic) were based on the distribution of the log(titre) of 828 positive animals and the daily milk production of the herds and of the individual cows. they showed that the probability in average sized herds of 45 dairy cows is only betwe ... | 1997 | 9032909 |
| purification of the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus alkaline deoxyribonuclease expressed in escherichia coli. | nucleotide sequence analysis within the unique long segment of the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv) genome identified an open reading frame of 1461 base pairs whose deduced polypeptide of 487 amino acids exhibited homology to alkaline deoxyribonucleases of other herpesviruses. to determine whether this ibrv gene product has nuclease activity, the gene designated ul12 was inserted into the vector pet-28a(+) and expressed in escherichia coli as an oligohistidine-tagged protein. upon ... | 1997 | 9035075 |
| bovine herpesvirus 1 isolates contain variable copy numbers of gc-rich tandem repeats in the gi non-coding regions of their genomes. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) targeted to the central portion of the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) genome, and overlapping the 3' untranslated end of the gi glycoprotein, was used to amplify bhv1 genomic sequences. pcr products generated from cell cultures infected with bhv1.1 were consistently smaller than the corresponding products from cells infected with bhv1.2. the nature of the sequence differences between these isolates within the target region was found to be a consequence of variable ... | 1996 | 9035371 |
| antiviral activity of crude extracts of guarea guidona. | crude extracts of leaves and fruits of guarea guidona were tested for antiviral activity against pseudorabies virus and foot-and-mouth disease virus in the ib-rs-2 pig cell line and against bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) in the gbk bovine cell line. the highest nontoxic doses of extracts from fruits and leaves were 125 micrograms/ml and 500 micrograms/ml. respectively. crude extracts presented antiviral activity against pseudorabies virus with a decrease in virus titer of 3.0 log units at 500 micr ... | 1996 | 9033817 |
| a contribution to the systematization of bovine herpesvirus 1 based on genomic mapping by restriction fragment pattern analysis. | fourteen isolates of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) found representative of more than 100 isolates studied, were compared by restriction fragment pattern analyses and molecularly characterized. a number of evolutionary links between the variants originally associated with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and the variants originally associated with infectious pustular vulvovaginitis were identified. these findings, as well as the lack of any correlation between genome type and clinical manifestati ... | 1996 | 9029790 |
| prevalence of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in southern india. | the authors describe a serological survey on the prevalence of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) among cattle and buffalo (bubalus bubalis) in three southern states of india. a local isolate of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) from an outbreak of the respiratory form of ibr was used as a source of virus antigen in avidin-biotin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the overall prevalence of antibodies to bhv-1 in cattle was 50.9%, and in buffalo was 52.5%. among breeding bulls, 114/120 sa ... | 1996 | 9025147 |
| effects of perinatal vaccination on humoral and cellular immune responses in cows and young calves. | to examine the effects of perinatal vaccination on cellular and humoral responses in cows and on passive transfer of antibodies and cells to calves, and to assess the role of maternal antibodies in vaccination responses of neonatal calves. | 1996 | 8575972 |
| enhancement of antibody response to bovine herpesvirus 1 with non-specific immunostimulants. | stimulatory effects of aluminium hydroxide, lipopolysaccharide (lps), muramyldipeptide (mdp), and empty liposomes on the antigenicity of inactivated bovine herpesvirus 1 were tested in mice. compared with the standard effect of aluminium hydroxide, stronger antibody responses were observed in mice treated with empty liposomes or lps alone, or a combination thereof. the strongest antibody response was recorded in mice treated with a combination of inactivated bhv-1, mdp and empty liposomes. | 1996 | 8693667 |
| rapid method for visual identification of specific dna sequences based on dna-tagged liposomes. | we describe a rapid method for visually determining specific dna sequences at femtomole concentrations. liposomes, encapsulating a red dye and labeled with oligonucleotide, were used in a capillary migration-sandwich hybridization assay. capture probe was immobilized on nitrocellulose strips, and liposomes, migrating along each strip, formed a visually discernible band in the presence of target dna. one femtomole of synthetic target sequence could be detected in < 10 min. sufficiently stringent ... | 1996 | 8697578 |
| the distinction of serologically related ruminant alphaherpesviruses by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and restriction endonuclease analysis. | the amplification and analysis of a 468bp fragment from the gb gene of the serologically related ruminant alphaherpesviruses bovine herpesvirus-1.1 and 1.2 (bhv-1.1 and bhv-1.2), caprine herpesvirus-1 (caphv-1), cervine herpesvirus-1 (cerhv-1) and rangiferine herpesvirus-1 (ranhv-1) by pcr and restriction endonuclease analysis is described. as primers, 22bp oligomers selected from the bhv-1 gb gene sequences were used for the amplification of the dna from the five viruses. the amplification prod ... | 1996 | 8701569 |
| virulence and immunogenicity in calves of thymidine kinase- and glycoprotein e-negative bovine herpesvirus 1 mutants. | a deletion was introduced into the thymidine kinase (tk) gene of the bhv1 strain lam and, or, the complete coding region of the glycoprotein e (ge) gene was deleted to reduce virulence and to make serological differentiation possible. the virulence and immunogenicity of these three bhv1 mutants (tk-, ge- and tk-/ge) were studied in specific-pathogen-free calves. although inactivation of tk strongly reduced the virulence of the lam strain, deletion of the ge gene alone sufficed to yield complete ... | 1996 | 8701570 |
| efficacy of a temperature-sensitive modified-live bovine herpesvirus type-1 vaccine against abortion and stillbirth in pregnant heifers. | to evaluate the efficacy of a commercially available temperature-sensitive modified-live bovine herpesvirus type-1 (bhv-1) vaccine against bhv-1 challenge-induced abortion and stillbirth. | 1996 | 8707679 |
| the use of marker vaccines in eradication of herpesviruses. | marker vaccines are vaccines that allow serological differentiation between infected and vaccinated individuals. this differentiation is based on the absence of one or more microbial proteins in the vaccine that are present in the wild-type micro-organism. consequently, after infection, but not after vaccination, an antibody response against that specific protein(s) can be detected. with a protein-specific antibody test infected individuals can thus be distinguished from vaccinated individuals. ... | 1996 | 8717389 |
| recombinant bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) lacking transactivator protein bicpo entails lack of glycoprotein c and severely reduced infectivity. | the immediate-early transactivator protein bicpo is a key regulatory element of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) replication based on transient expression assays. to examine bicpo function in the context of the viral genome, we created recombinant bhv-1 expressing beta-galactosidase instead of bicpo. to complement the defect, a neomycin resistant mdbk cell line (m164) expressing bicpo was established, permitting selection of a blue-staining bhv-1 recombinant (a2g2). southern blot and pcr analysis co ... | 1996 | 8997489 |