Publications

[interrelation of virulent and avirulent (vaccinal) strains of shigella flexneri 2a in long-term bacterial carriage in gnotobiotic rats].	the ability of s. flexneri 2a virulent and avirulent (vaccine) strains no. 516 and no. 516 m to displace one another during long-term carrier state in germ-free rats has been studied. the long-term persistence of the vaccine strain in the intestine of the rats has been shown to produce colonization resistance to subsequent infection with the virulent culture of these bacteria. during carrier state in rats progressive s--r dissociation of the bacteria occurs, type ii antigen is lost with simultan ...	1984	6375221
sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim-resistant shigella flexneri in northeastern brazil.	in contrast to prior experience in northeastern brazil, three of four shigella flexneri strains recently isolated from patients with acute inflammatory diarrhea in this setting were found to be resistant to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. the resistant strains contained large, different plasmids, two of which were transferred with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim resistance to escherichia coli k-12 recipient strains.	1984	6375563
[relation of the epidemiological characteristics of dysentery to the biological properties of the causative agents].	the main forms of the epidemic manifestation of dysentery induced by different causative agents in 1975-1980 were revealed. during these years the cases of dysentery induced by shigella sonnei, biovar ii, were found to prevail (82.0-90.1%) both at the periods between epidemics and at the periods of the seasonal rise of morbidity. the experimental infection of white mice by intraperitoneal inoculation revealed no relationship between the seasonal rise of morbidity in dysentery and the virulence o ...	1984	6377769
identification of hla-b27m1 and -m2 cross-reactive antigens in klebsiella, shigella and yersinia.		1984	6378768
[arthritis in shigella and salmonella infections].		1984	6379799
an outbreak of shigellosis in an ultra-orthodox jewish community.	an outbreak of shigellosis due to shigella sonnei, s. flexnerii and s. boydii in an ultra-religious jewish community in southern israel is described. the source of epidemic was traced to vegetables bought from a single source. the importance of epidemic and endemic modes of spread of shigella is discussed.	1984	6379888
[clinical characteristics of dysentery in relation to the oxidation-reduction features of isolated shigella].		1984	6379895
drug resistance in shigella dysenteriae, s flexneri and s boydii in england and wales: increasing incidence of resistance to trimethoprim.	a total of 2753 strains of shigella belonging to subgroups a, b, and c that were isolated from patients in england and wales during the period from 1979 to mid-1983 were studied. of these, 1690 (61%) were from patients recently returned from abroad or in contact with recent travellers, and 760 (45%) of these affected travellers from the indian subcontinent. the number of strains resistant to sulphonamides and streptomycin remained at a high level throughout (average 76% and 72% respectively). re ...	1984	6423079
shigellosis among tourists--union of soviet socialist republics, 1983.		1984	6423959
pseudomonas aeruginosa acid phosphatase and cholinesterase induced by choline and its metabolic derivatives may contain a similar anionic peripheral site.	different compounds derived from choline, and obtained by demethylation or by oxidation of the primary alcohol group with subsequent n-demethylation, were tested as inducer agents of acid phosphatase and cholinesterase in ps. aeruginosa. it was found that betaine and dimethylglycine were the most effective inducers of both enzyme activities. these metabolites including choline itself, were not inducers of acid phosphatase and cholinesterase in other gram-negative bacteria such as: escherichia co ...	1984	6436682
[use of prodigiozan for increasing the effectiveness of the antibiotic therapy of dysentery in children].		1984	6439109
[unusual serovar of the causative agent of flexner's dysentery. i. its distribution and biochemical properties].	the data on the circulation of some s. flexneri strains in the ussr are presented. the antigenic structure of these strains (type antigen 4 and group antigens 7, 8) is not characteristic of known serological subvariants 4a, 4b or var. x. the time course of changes in their spreading on certain base territories controlled by the all-union shigellosis center in 1980-1983 is shown. the biochemical characteristics of s. flexneri strains iv:7,8 under study, isolated in the ussr and abroad (czechoslov ...	1984	6441398
enhancement of endotoxicity and reactivity with carbocyanine dye by sonication of lipopolysaccharide.	the specificity of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, lps) in the carbocyanine dye reaction was investigated, and then a stoichiometric study of the dye-lps interaction was conducted with attention to the relationship of biological activities of lps to the reactivity with the dye. absorption maxima of some bacterial components in the dye reaction were as follows; lps from both escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa and lipid a from e. coli lps, 465 nm; shigella flexneri lps, 460 nm; salmonella ...	1984	6442756
heterogeneity of lipid a.	in a previous study, lipid a from shigella flexneri was separated into eight distinct fractions by thin-layer chromatography (tlc). in the present investigation, lipid a from different gram-negative bacteria was analyzed by thin-layer chromatography for its heterogeneity and compared with lipid a of s. flexneri. purified lipid a preparations from six different enterobacterial species were heterogeneous, but based on rf, comparable bands were found among all preparations. changing the culture con ...	1984	6474004
wheat germ agglutinin potentiates uptake of bacteria by murine peritoneal macrophages.	exposure of thioglycollate-elicited murine peritoneal macrophages to wheat germ agglutinin (wga) increased markedly the uptake of six different bacteria, which have surface receptors for the lectin. uptake of staphylococcus aureus h was higher by 3-5-fold, of s. aureus 52a2 by 1.8-fold, of s. aureus 52a5 by 1.7-fold, of s. albus by 2.3-fold, of shigella flexneri by 6-fold and of micrococcus luteus by 6.5-fold. klebsiella pneumoniae, devoid of receptors for wga, was not phagocytosed following pre ...	1984	6547690
chemiluminescent response to pathogenic organisms: normal human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	chemiluminescence (cl) is a sensitive indicator of phagocytosis and intracellular killing; however, little is known of the normal cl response by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes to different pathogenic microorganisms. we investigated the luminol-enhanced cl response of normal polymorphonuclear leukocytes to a number of common bacterial pathogens and two yeasts. we analyzed the cl response to viable and heat-killed microorganisms at 25 and 37 degrees c. the cl response to all microorganisms was ...	1984	6693174
the leukemoid reaction in shigellosis.	leukemoid reactions occurred in 136 patients (3.8%) hospitalized with shigellosis in bangladesh. sixty-eight percent of the patients with leukemoid reactions were children less than 4 years old. when compared with patients without leukemoid reactions, the leukemoid reactions were significantly associated with children aged less than 10 years. the most common serotype of shigella in the patients with leukemoid reactions was shigella dysenteriae 1, isolated from 96 patients (71%), whereas the most ...	1984	6695872
[disorders of tubular transport of uric acid leading to hyperuricemia].		1984	1454659
[nursing audit].		1984	261416
factors influencing small bowel changes in dermatitis herpetiformis.	factors influencing small bowel morphology in dermatitis herpetiformis (dh) were investigated by comparing patients with dh and normal small bowel biopsies to patients with dh and abnormal small bowel biopsies. the mean age of 18 patients with morphological changes in small bowel (38 years) was significantly lower (p less than 0-001) than the mean age of nine patients with normal bowel mucosa (60 years). hla typing confirmed the high frequency of hla-b8 in dh (64%) but hla-b8 was unrelated to th ...	1984	270984
autosomal dominant fanconi syndrome with early renal failure.	the "idiopathic" fanconi syndrome occurs mostly sporadically, occasionally as an autosomal recessive trait. however, few instances of autosomal dominant inheritance have been reported. we described a father and son with the fanconi syndrome, ie, with renal glycosuria, generalized aminoaciduria, phosphaturia, metabolic acidosis, and bone disease. no other causes of the fanconi syndrome were found. both father and son developed end stage renal disease. aminoaciduria in excess of that seen in renal ...	1984	263440
the management of ruptured intracranial aneurysms.		1984	263409
women hold the key to their liberation.		1984	261556
[comparison of 2 methods of evaluation of skeletal maturation. 2. analysis of the correlation with another biological variable].		1984	214694
[life's holiness contra individual autonomy. medical ethics concerning blood transfusions to members of the jehovah's witnesses].		1984	425188
coherent anti-stokes raman scattering (cars) spectra, with resonance enhancement, of cytochrome c and vitamin b12 in dilute aqueous solution.	coherent anti-stokes raman scattering (cars) spectra have been obtained for ferrocytochrome c and cyano cobalamin in aqueous solution at millimolar concentrations, using a pair of tunable dye lasers pumped by a pulsed nitrogen laser. resonance enhancement was obtained by tuning the omega1 laser to the visible absorption bands of the samples. the spectral features correspond to those observed in the conventional resonance raman spectra. it appears that cars spectroscopy, with its advantageous flu ...	1984	185608
[advances in fibrinolysis mediated by vascular endothelial cells].		1984	2129251
surgical correction of the long face syndrome.	the combined efforts of different specialists are needed for the successful treatment of patients with the long face syndrome. both surgeons and orthodontists who recognize their own capabilities and limitations must combine their skills to achieve the best possible occlusion and facial esthetics. the surgical and orthodontic plan of therapy is designed to correct the patient's dentofacial deformity. surgical reduction of facial height and proper alignment of the teeth by orthodontic means are c ...	1984	264364
family medicine residency program in semirural setting. development of a plan.		1983	264607
the dental assistant: guest editorial.		1983	264854
health manpower in new zealand. the swinging pendulum.		1983	272578
early clinical recognition of disseminated candidiasis by muscle and skin biopsy.	disseminated candidiasis was clinically diagnosed by muscle and skin biopsies in two patients with hematologic malignancies. one patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia presented with skin lesions as the sole manifestation of disseminated candidiasis. the other patient had leukemic reticuloendotheliosis and developed fever, severe myalgias, and maculopapular rash while receiving corticosteroid therapy; this patient is the first to have antemortem documentation of candida myositis as the initia ...	1983	272864
an improved diagnostic point to aid in radiographic interpretation.		1983	264543
quantitative somatosensory thermotest. a key method for functional evaluation of small calibre afferent channels.	the quantitative somatosensory thermotest (qst) assesses the function of afferent channels concerned with sensory submodalities served by small calibre fibres. measured ramps of ascending or descending temperature are applied to the skin through a peltier contact thermode, and detection thresholds are recorded as the subject signals the onset of a particular sensation. the present study describes underlying principles, methodological aspects and normal reference values for the qst. in patients, ...	1983	1628207
use of igm enriched intravenous immunoglobulin (pentaglobin) in bone marrow transplantation.	in a study of 63 allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplants, patients were randomized to receive the igm and iga enriched intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig) preparation (pentaglobin). pentaglobin has been postulated to have anti-endotoxin properties and one of the aims of the study was to measure endotoxin levels in these patients together with the clinical sequelae of infection. the anti-endotoxin effects of pentaglobin were found to reside in the igm fraction. those patients who received ...	1983	1628130
[the reactive arthritis syndrome. rheumatological limits].	the term reactive arthritis (ra) refers to an inflammatory joint disease in the absence of bacteria in the joint, but which is caused by a distant extra-articular infection. they occur as a result of a variety of infections, which are essentially genital or gastro-intestinal in subjects with a particular genetic predisposition characterized by the presence of the hla-b27 antigen or one of the creg group of antigens (b7 - b27 - bw22 - bw42). the most complete clinical expression of reactive arthr ...	1983	6607499
antibody-dependent cell-mediated antibacterial activity of intestinal lymphocytes with secretory iga.	secretory antibodies of the iga class (siga) are thought to have an important role in the defence against bacteria at mucosal surfaces--the level at which the infectious agents first come into contact with the host. however, the mechanism by which siga exert their antibacterial activity is still a matter of debate. after the recent discovery of receptors for the fc portion of iga (rfc alpha) on lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes of human, rabbit, guinea pig and mouse origin, it has been hyp ...	1983	6646200
expression of hydroxamate and phenolate siderophores by shigella flexneri.	shigella flexneri strains were assayed for the ability to synthesize and utilize phenolate and hydroxamate siderophores. the hydroxamate aerobactin was synthesized by all isolates tested, whereas phenolates were only rarely produced. expression of aerobactin was accompanied by production of a single iron-regulated outer membrane protein (mr = 74,000). this protein was not produced by a mutant defective in aerobactin utilization and may serve as the aerobactin receptor. phenolate (enterobactin)-p ...	1983	6224775
[shigellosis abroad].		1983	6379992
[transfer of h2s plasmid from e. coli to shigella].		1983	6374333
[effect of plasmids r on the changes in s. flexneri sensitivity to phages].		1983	6369040
[clinico-immunological characteristics of dysentery].		1983	6369561
[clinico-laboratory characteristics of gastroenterocolitic (atypical) dysentery].		1983	6362054
change in phage-sensitivity of shigella flexneri strains. i. changes in virulence and phage-sensitivity.	in the course of repeated passaging of virulent shigella flexneri cultures in liquid media, avirulent variants and variants of reduced virulence appeared. they were easily recognizable by their colonial morphology. the avirulent variants became sensitive to certain phages not lysing the original virulent strains. the change of phage-sensitivity among the variants with no or decreased virulence was significant: chi 2 = 64.25; p less than 0.001. the amplification of phage-sensitivity developed in ...	1983	6362315
[dissociation and phagolytic characteristics of the shigella isolated from patients with various clinical forms of dysentery].	the relationship between the severity of the disease and the phagolysis of the isolated cultures of s. flexneri and s. sonnei has been established. in the moderately severe form of the disease the duration of the latent period of the development of the phage has been found to increase in comparison with that in the mild form of the disease.	1983	6364654
characterization of virulence plasmids and plasmid-associated outer membrane proteins in shigella flexneri, shigella sonnei, and escherichia coli.	the 140-megadalton plasmids of shigella flexneri serotypes 1, 3, and 5, in addition to the 120-megadalton plasmid of shigella sonnei, are associated with virulence. the present study showed that a 140-megadalton plasmid is also associated with virulence in escherichia coli. when these plasmids were cleaved with ecori or bamhi restriction endonucleases, considerable homology was evident in plasmids from s. sonnei strains, whereas only a few common fragments were observed among the s. flexneri and ...	1983	6299962
pms76, a plasmid capable of amplification by treatment with chloramphenicol.	pms76 is a nonconjugative, 5.54-megadalton plasmid. this plasmid is present in escherichia coli k12 cells at about 20 copies per chromosome. in addition, the pms76 plasmid can be mobilized by conjugative plasmids and it shares a number of other properties with the amplifiable cole1 plasmid, including the ability to amplify copy number in the presence of chloramphenicol. however, pms76 is compatible with cole1-like replicons, pbr313, and with other multicopy plasmids, rsf1030 and pacyc184. also t ...	1983	6300947
entamoeba invadens and e. histolytica: separation and purification of precysts and cysts by centrifugation on discontinuous density gradients of percoll.	the different cell forms in the life cycle of entamoeba invadens (trophozoites, precysts, and cysts) were rapidly and quantitatively separated on density step gradients of polyvinylpyrolidone-coated colloidal silica particles (percoll). with this method, the gradual process of encystation by e. invadens trophozoites could be monitored. percoll gradients were also efficient in separating trophozoites of entamoeba histolytica and bacteria. after purification on percoll, trophozoites display no evi ...	1983	6303827
the polymicrobial origin of intestinal infections in homosexual men.	to determine the microbial cause and the clinical and pathologic correlates of anorectal and intestinal symptoms in homosexually active men, we performed comprehensive microbiologic studies, anoscopy, sigmoid-oscopy, and rectal biopsy in men examined in a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. enteric pathogens were found in 95 of 119 consecutive homosexual men with anorectal or intestinal symptoms and in 29 of 75 randomly selected homosexual men without such symptoms (p less than 0.001). the ...	1983	6308444
[fiessinger-leroy-reiter's syndrome : serological conversion for yersinia enterocolitica type 9, positive serodiagnosis for shigella flexneri and chlamydia].	a case of reiter disease in a hla b27 positive man with urethritis followed by polyarthritis is reported. during the disease, serologic conversion for yersinia enterocolitica type 9 was detected as well as positive serologic tests for shigella flexneri and chlamydia. the features of reactive arthritis related to yersinia and the etiologies of reiter disease are recalled.	1983	6314526
[antagonism between virulent shigella and avirulent shigella].		1983	6406619
plasmid-determined antibiotic resistance in shigella flexneri isolated in england and wales between 1974 and 1978.	the majority of shigella flexneri strains isolated in england and wales are from infections contracted abroad. most of these strains are drug-resistant, over 75% being resistant to streptomycin and sulphonamides, sulphonamides alone or streptomycin, sulphonamides and tetracyclines. a selection of resistant strains was tested for resistance transfer and the plasmids identified were characterized by compatibility grouping. streptomycin and sulphonamide resistance was usually determined by a non-au ...	1983	6337209
role of heat labile antigens of shigella flexneri in hela cell invasion.	in studies of the role of surface antigens of shigella flexneri in hela cell invasion, three antisera were employed to block the invasion. antisera against live (als) and boiled (abs) s. flexneri blocked invasion very effectively. reduction in the numbers of intracellular shigellae was always accompanied by reduction in the number adherent to the cells, indicating the importance of adhesion in the invasive process. anti-live absorbed antiserum (alas) prepared by exhaustive absorption of als with ...	1983	6337262
an evaluation of ocular inflammation following the injection of bacterial endotoxin into the rat foot pad.		1983	6337969
rapid method for detection, identification, and susceptibility testing of enteric pathogens.	three hundred and seven colonies believed to be enteric pathogens were selected from primary plates of macconkey, xylose desoxycholate, or salmonella-shigella agar for inoculation to lactose-sucrose broth, urea-41 motility medium, modified andrade glucose broth with inverted durham tube, pregrowth broth, triple sugar iron agar, lysine iron agar (lia), and christensen urea agar. the rapid screen consisted of interpreting the lactose-sucrose, urea-41 motility, and modified andrade glucose broth ga ...	1983	6338037
use of uv-irradiated bacteriophage t6 to kill extracellular bacteria in tissue culture infectivity assays.	we have utilized 'lysis from without' mediated by uv-inactivated bacteriophage t6 to eliminate extracellular bacteria in experiments measuring the internalization, intracellular survival and replication of yersinia pestis within mouse peritoneal macrophages and of shigella flexneri within a human intestinal epithelial cell line. the technique we describe has the following characteristics: (a) bacterial killing is complete within 15 min at 37 degrees c, with a greater than 10(3)-fold reduction in ...	1983	6338113
fulminating encephalopathy associated with shigella flexneri infection.	three cases of rapidly fatal encephalopathy associated with shigella flexneri infection are reported. there was a lack of severe intestinal involvement and absence of metabolic derangement. in all 3 patients, areas of necrosis were present throughout the brains; and in one case pontine haemorrhages and demyelination were seen. this report supports the evidence of a particular neurotoxic effect in shigellosis.	1983	6338835
[perforated duodenal ulcer in acute dysentery in a 7-year-old child].		1983	6340055
shigellosis with bacteremia: a report of two cases and a review of the literature.	it is widely believed by both physicians and microbiologists that bacteremia is a rare event in shigellosis. we report two cases of shigellosis with positive blood cultures and review 68 cases reported in the literature between 1963 and 1981. we suggest that detection of bacteremia in shigellosis may be facilitated by a greater awareness of the following findings. 1. eighty-seven percent of all cases of shigellosis with bacteremia reported in the literature during the 18-year period reviewed occ ...	1983	6340078
[effect of a live enteral dysentery vaccine from spontaneous flexner mutant 2a 516m on the immunoglobulin-producing cell count in the large intestine mucosa in dysentery].	the influence of vaccinal therapy with live oral dysentery vaccine prepared from s. flexneri 2a 516m on the content of immunoglobulin-producing cells in the mucous membrane of the large intestine was studied. a considerable increase in the number of iga- and igm-synthetizing cells was shown to occur in the course of the infectious process in acute dysentery. in chronic dysentery the content of iga- and igm-synthetizing cells in patients was considerably lower than in a smooth course of acute dys ...	1983	6340380
[specificity of the antibody neutralization reaction in indicating shigella antigens].	the specificity and sensitivity of the antibody neutralization test in the diagnosis of dysentery have been studied. this test has proved to be highly specific in experimental and clinical trials. the antibody neutralization test is more effective than the methods of the isolation of shigellae. the accuracy of this test can be increased by the elimination of different antierythrocyte agents from the secretions of persons under examination.	1983	6340381
[electron microscopic study of microorganisms grown on nutrient media with a nonnutrient raw material base].	a comparative electron-microscopic study of sh. flexneri 8512, str. dick ia and cor. pseudodiphthericum test strains, grown in experimental culture media prepared from inedible raw materials and in currently used culture media based on fish and meat, has been carried out. the ultrastructure of the test strains grown in culture media prepared from inedible raw materials has been shown to remain unchanged.	1983	6340385
[morphological characteristics of phagolysis of s- and r-forms of shigella flexneri].	the differences in the character and time of the lysis of s. flexneri s- and r-mutant cells have been detected by the method of time-lapse microfilming. the asymmetry of the phagolysis of the s-form of shigellae infected with phage f1 has been revealed.	1983	6340391
alterations in the pathogenicity of escherichia coli k-12 after transfer of plasmid and chromosomal genes from shigella flexneri.	a 140-megadalton plasmid (pwr110), which has previously been associated with virulence in shigella flexneri, was transferred to escherichia coli k-12. segments of s. flexneri chromosomal material were then transferred to the plamid-bearing k-12 strains. the virulence of these transconjugant hybrids was assessed in the hela cell model, in ligated rabbit ileal loops, or in the sereny test. a k-12 strain which harbored only pwr110 invaded hela cells, produced minimal lesions in the rabbit ileal muc ...	1983	6341237
shigella infections in the united states, 1974-1980.	during the seven-year period 1974-1980, 93,516 shigella isolates from humans were reported to the centers for disease control, atlanta, through a nationwide surveillance system. over the past 30 years, the reported incidence of shigellosis has been declining in contrast to that reported for salmonellosis. shigella sonnei (group d) now accounts for approximately 70% of the shigella isolates reported, since most of the decline has been due to the increasingly less frequent infections caused by shi ...	1983	6341480
[clinical characteristics of dysentery caused by shigella flexneri in middle-aged and elderly patients].		1983	6341707
[leukocyte migration activity in patients with dysentery].		1983	6342261
[epidemiology of bacillary dysentery in algeria. i. the epidemiological aspects of dysentery in algeria].	bacterial dysentery plays an important role among infectious diseases in algeria. a tendency to the growth of the morbidity rate has been observed. dysentery is irregularly spread in different zones of the country. the highest morbidity rate is registered in the sahara zone and in the eastern part of the country. the morbidity rate among the urban population is higher than among the rural population. s. flexneri prevail in the etiological structure of dysentery infection. of all age groups, the ...	1983	6342313
multiple enteric pathogens in travelers from endemic areas: case report.		1983	6344046
shigella septicaemia.		1983	6344366
delayed hypersensitivity in murine salmonellosis: specificity of footpad reaction in mice infected with rough mutants of salmonella typhimurium.	delayed type (footpad) hypersensitivity (dth) in balb/c mice immunized with rough mutant strains of salmonella typhimurium lt2 was examined. injection of live organisms of an rb mutant tv148 strain induced dth in mice, while injection of the heat-killed organisms did not. the mice immunized with live organisms of the ra, rb, rc, rd, and re mutant strains showed positive footpad reactions to the heat-killed cell antigen of lt2 (wild type) strain. the mice immunized with the rb mutant strain also ...	1983	6346026
[new directions in the study of immunity in dysentery].		1983	6346759
local iga-memory response to bacterial antigens.		1983	6347004
fulminating encephalopathy and shigella flexneri infection.		1983	6347094
gain of ornithine decarboxylase activity by a strain of shigella flexneri serotype 6 on the introduction of an r plasmid.	the introduction of r plasmid s-a into a strain of shigella flexneri serotype 6 resulted in the strain gaining the ability to decarboxylate ornithine. the possible reasons for the phenomenon are discussed and the result is compared with that obtained previously when the introduction of r plasmids into a different strain of the same species resulted in enhanced gas production from a range of carbohydrates.	1983	6348292
[joint use of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bifidobacteria in treating acute intestinal infections].	acute dysentery and other acute intestinal diseases with obscure etiology are accompanied by pronounced intestinal dysbacteriosis which is manifested, on one hand, by the increased levels of escherichia, enterobacteria, staphylococci and by the appearance of klebsiella and proteus in large amounts and, on the other hand, by an essential decrease in the number of lactic acid streptococci, lactobacteria, bifidobacteria. the treatment of dysentery and other intestinal diseases with obscure etiology ...	1983	6349186
[causes of sequential changes in the etiological structure of dysentery and the other epidemiologic patterns of this infection].		1983	6349187
synthesis of plasmid-coded heat-labile enterotoxin in wild-type and hypertoxinogenic strains of escherichia coli and in other genera of enterobacteriaceae.	the effect of host determinants on expression of plasmid-coded heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) was examined. a collection of lt plasmids was introduced into isogenic strains of escherichia coli k-12 strains containing the wild type or hypertoxinogenic (htx-2) allele. for each plasmid tested, production of lt increased by approximately 1.5- to 3-fold in the host containing htx-2, indicating that the htx-2 allele affects a regulatory function for lt production that is common to many different enterot ...	1983	6350177
the influence of bacterial exotoxins and endotoxins on the phagocytic activity of human macrophages in culture.	the effect of bacterial exotoxins and endotoxins on phagocytosis was tested on human macrophages in monolayer cultures by determining the rate of zymosan particle ingestion at different toxin concentrations and incubation times. the exotoxins tested were staphylococcal alpha-toxin and diphtheria-toxin. the endotoxins used were lipopolysaccharides from salmonella typhi, salmonella typhimurium, shigella flexneri and serratia marcescens. phagocytosis was significantly impaired after prolonged incub ...	1983	6350191
[importation of shigella and salmonella into east germany].	the international tourist traffic and the import of provisions also involves the importation of shigella and salmonella into the gdr. in 1980 9% of the shigella sonnei infections and 50% of the shigella flexneri infections were imported from 22 or 26 countries, in most cases from tourist countries, typical for the gdr. the salmonella are imported mainly by feed-stuff. but also the spreading particularly of polyresistant salmonella by epidemic processes independent of provisions, above all among ...	1983	6351449
[liquid-phase electrophoresis in the analysis of antigen-antibody interactions in erythrocyte diagnostic reagent kits].		1983	6351504
flies as a source of enteric pathogens in a rural village in thailand.	the village of ban pong in northeastern thailand was studied from january through december 1981 to determine the importance of flies as a source of enteric pathogens. the number of flies (predominantly musca domestica) increased in kitchens and animal pens in the hot dry spring, when the incidence of diarrhea was highest in the village. enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, shigella spp., non-o1 vibrio cholerae, and vibrio fluvalis were isolated from fly pools in yards (69%), animal pens (38%), bath ...	1983	6351748
effect of parenteral immunization on the local immunoglobulin a response of the intestine to shigella flexneri antigens.	most traditional methods of immunization involve parenteral vaccines. using a chronically isolated ileal loop model as the probe, we examined the effect of a primary parenteral immunization on the local immune response of the intestine. secretions from isolated ileal loops of rabbits given a primary parenteral immunization with shigella flexneri without adjuvant showed a small, but definite, specific immunoglobulin a (iga) response locally, whereas a vigorous serum antigen-specific igg response ...	1983	6352492
bacterial pathogens from the intestinal tracts of various species of cockroaches.		1983	6353184
fulminant hepatic failure and shigella bacteremia.		1983	6353185
[autonomic nervous system disorders in patients with sonne and flexner's dysentery].		1983	6353759
[current state of dysentery epidemiology (review of the literature)].		1983	6353765
[synthesis of beta-l-rhamnoside linked oligosaccharides of lipopolysaccharides from shigella flexneri serotype 6].	the synthesis of the trisaccharide o-beta-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 leads to 4)-o-beta-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 leads to 2)-l-rhamnopyranose (14) and the tetrasaccharide o-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-d-galactopyranosyl)-(1 leads to 2)-o-[beta-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 leads to 4)]-o-beta-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 leads to 2)-l-rhamnopyranose (21) is described. the latter structure has been proposed as the repeating unit of the o-specific side-chain of the lipopolysaccharide obtained from shigella flexneri serotype 6. ...	1983	6354443
sexually transmitted enteritis.		1983	6355677
[biochemical aspects of the pathogenicity of shigella. protein components of aqueous extracts of virulent and non-virulent strains of shigella flexneri].		1983	6355709
invasive enteric pathogens.	invasive enteric pathogens of the salmonella or shigella genera initiate infections by invading the intestinal epithelium. depending on the species, salmonellae either translocate across the mucosa of the small intestine and cause a systemic febrile disease or they evoke a localized inflammatory response in discreet areas of the infected mucosa. the latter type of infection is characterized by gastroenteritis, and a choleragen-like enterotoxin may contribute to the symptomology. shigellae can al ...	1983	6356290
[trends in the spread of boyd 4 dysentery and the characteristics of its clinical picture and of the biology of its causative agent].	the data on the proportion of s. boydii 4 in the general structure of the causative agents of dysentery, as well as in the intraspecific structure of s. boydii, in some areas of the ussr in 1977-1981 are presented. s. boydii strains 4, circulating in one of the areas where their proportion considerably increased in 1980-1981, corresponded to their taxonomic position in their biological properties, while forming a single biochemical variant according to the character of the fermentation of sorbit ...	1983	6356722
[dynamics of enterobacterial multiplication in a mouse model of intraperitoneal infection in the presence of iron cations as dependent on the availability and type of k antigens].	in this work the results of research on the influence of iron cations on the characteristics of the infectious process caused by different enterobacteria (shigella sonnei, shigella flexneri, escherichia coli) are analyzed. in the experimental intraperitoneal infection of mice in the presence of saccharose and iron cations s. sonnei in phase i showed the decrease of 1g ld50 by 3-4 orders, while s. flexneri in the s-form, by not more than 1 order. the absence of correlation between the virulence o ...	1983	6356728
effect of human leukocyte interferon on invasiveness of salmonella species in hep-2 cell cultures.	the effect of human leukocyte interferon on the invasiveness of salmonella and shigella species in hep-2 cell cultures was examined. the intracellular and extracellular bacteria were identified by a combination of nomarski differential interference contrast microscopy and uv incident light microscopy applied on the same microscope. pretreatment of hep-2 cells with human leukocyte interferon reduced the number of salmonella typhimurium and salmonella paratyphi-b bacteria per cell and the proporti ...	1983	6358041
[differentiation of shigella flexneri serotype 6 from serotypes 1-5 by electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing of their elastases].	among shigella flexneri serotypes, serotype 6 (28 strains) was individualized from serotypes 1 to 5 (43 strains) by electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing of esterases. the taxonomic status of s. flexneri serotype 6 should be reconsidered in light of this work.	1983	6360018
artificial carbohydrate antigens: a block synthesis of a linear, tetrasaccharide repeating-unit of the shigella flexneri variant y polysaccharide.	glycosylation of methyl 2,4-di-o-benzoyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranoside with 2,3,4-tri-o-acetyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl bromide gave methyl 2,4-di-o-benzoyl-3-o-(2,3,4-tri-o-acetyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl) -alpha-l-rhamnopyranoside (4) in 93% yield. conversion of 4 into the corresponding glycosyl bromide was accomplished with dibromomethyl methyl ether. under koenigs-knorr conditions, this bromide reacted with 8-(methoxycarbonyl)octyl 2-o-(2-acetamido-4,6-o-benzylidene-2-deoxy-beta-d-glycopyranosyl)- ...	1983	6200226
hela cell invasiveness and o antigen of shigella flexneri as separate and prerequisite attributes of virulence to evoke keratoconjunctivitis in guinea pigs.	many rough mutants selected from isogenic smooth virulent and avirulent strains of shigella flexneri were examined for virulence, using tissue culture infection and sereny tests. many of the rough mutants isolated from a virulent smooth strain were capable of penetrating tissue culture cells but incapable of producing a positive sereny test. in contrast, we could not obtain from smooth avirulent strains any rough mutants capable of penetrating hela cells. chemical analysis of lipopolysaccharide ...	1983	6187681
[stimulation of replication and increase in virulence of shigella growing in rna-containing media].		1983	6188298
[causes of the nonspecific reactions with antigenic erythrocyte diagnostic reagents].	the causes leading to the appearance of positive reactions in diagnostic titers (1:200 and higher), registered in the sera of healthy persons in tests carried out with the use of experimental and commercial lots of shigella sonnei and shigella flexneri antigenic diagnostic reagents, are analyzed. the study has shown that the appearance of nonspecific reactions may be due to the influence of the initial state of the microbial culture (the biomass used as raw material for the production of sensiti ...	1983	6191477
[a new antigenic variety of shigella flexneri].		1983	6194615