Publications

animal models for retrovirus-induced immunodeficiency disease.		1986	3019879
isolation, characterization, and mapping of tn5 insertions into the 140-megadalton invasion plasmid defective in the mouse sereny test in shigella flexneri 2a.	using shigella flexneri 2a ysh6000, we isolated 304 independent tn5 insertion mutants in the 230-kilobase invasion plasmid, pmysh6000. the site of each tn5 insertion was assigned to 23 sali fragments on the previously made sali cleavage map of pmysh6000. among the 304 insertions, 150 were negative in expression of four phenotypes examined (mouse sereny test [ser], invasion into epithelial cells [inv], congo red binding [pcr], and inhibition of bacterial growth [igr] ): 12 were ser- inv+ pcr+ igr ...	1986	3019891
immortalization of human t lymphocytes by htlv-i: phenotypic characteristics of target cells and kinetics of virus integration and expression.	in-vitro infection of normal human lymphocytes with htlv-i (human t-cell lymphotropic retrovirus type i) has been carried out to study the target cell specificity and the kinetics of infection. cord blood (cbl) and adult peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) have been co-cultivated with irradiated htlv-i donor cells (mt2 and c91pl lines). established ('immortalized') htlv-i positive cell lines were obtained only from cbl: in comparison with pbl, a less mature phenotype of t-cell subsets and a lower ...	1986	3020320
substrate phosphoprotein availability regulates eclosion hormone sensitivity in an insect cns.	the final step in the moulting of all insects is ecdysis, the shedding of the cuticle of the previous instar, which is triggered in lepidoptera by the neurosecretory peptide eclosion hormone. this hormone acts directly on the nervous system to release the appropriate motor patterns for larval, pupal and adult ecdysis, but there are only brief periods near the end of each moult when the nervous system is competent to respond to the hormone. previous experiments have shown that the action of eclos ...	1986	3020427
substrate phosphoprotein availability regulates eclosion hormone sensitivity in an insect cns.	the final step in the moulting of all insects is ecdysis, the shedding of the cuticle of the previous instar, which is triggered in lepidoptera by the neurosecretory peptide eclosion hormone. this hormone acts directly on the nervous system to release the appropriate motor patterns for larval, pupal and adult ecdysis, but there are only brief periods near the end of each moult when the nervous system is competent to respond to the hormone. previous experiments have shown that the action of eclos ...	1986	3020427
differential effects of transforming growth factor type beta on the growth and function of adrenocortical cells in vitro.	transforming growth factor type beta (tgf-beta) suppresses basal as well as corticotropin (acth)-stimulated steroid formation by bovine adrenocortical cells in culture. the effect is dose dependent and is not accompanied by any change in adrenocortical cell growth. the minimum effective dose of tgf-beta is 4 x 10(-13) m (10 pg/ml), and maximal inhibition is observed at a concentration of 4 x 10(-11) m (1 ng/ml). a 16- to 20-hr incubation with tgf-beta is required to decrease steroidogenesis, and ...	1986	3020557
differential effects of transforming growth factor type beta on the growth and function of adrenocortical cells in vitro.	transforming growth factor type beta (tgf-beta) suppresses basal as well as corticotropin (acth)-stimulated steroid formation by bovine adrenocortical cells in culture. the effect is dose dependent and is not accompanied by any change in adrenocortical cell growth. the minimum effective dose of tgf-beta is 4 x 10(-13) m (10 pg/ml), and maximal inhibition is observed at a concentration of 4 x 10(-11) m (1 ng/ml). a 16- to 20-hr incubation with tgf-beta is required to decrease steroidogenesis, and ...	1986	3020557
exposure of sheep to natural aerosols of foot-and-mouth disease virus.	sheep taken individually and allowed to inhale air being drawn along a duct from a cabinet containing pigs acutely infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus for 10 or 15 minute periods were infected by doses as low as 10 tcid50 of virus. the most consistent and reliable indicators of infection were viraemia and seroconversion. the mean times from exposure to onset of viraemia, pyrexia and the appearance of vesicular lesions were 2.5, 3.8 and 4.7 days, respectively. neither the time from exposur ...	1986	3020658
diminishing morbidity and mortality of bone marrow transplantation.	the reasons for the operational failure of bone marrow transplantation (bmt) are familiar and varied. they are the following: nonmarrow toxicity of the preparative regimen, marrow toxicity of the preparative regimen, acute graft-versus-host disease (gvhd), opportunistic infections, especially viral infections and recurrence of hematologic malignancy in the case of transplants for leukemia. this review examines operational failure of bmt and presents measures for its prevention.	1986	3020798
dna sequence and product analysis of the virf locus responsible for congo red binding and cell invasion in shigella flexneri 2a.	the dna sequence of virf, a locus associated with virulence and the ability to bind congo red in shigella flexneri 2a that is located on a 140-megadalton (230-kilobase) plasmid, was determined and analyzed. it was rich in a and t. the direction of transcription of virf was determined by using a chloramphenicol resistance cartridge. an open reading frame readable in this direction was found. three proteins, 30, 27, and 21 kilodaltons, all corresponding to those predicted from the above sequence, ...	1986	3021627
characterization of shigella flexneri sequences encoding congo red binding (crb): conservation of multiple crb sequences and role of is1 in loss of the crb+ phenotype.	the ability to bind congo red (crb+) is associated with virulence of shigella flexneri and is encoded by a large, 220-kilobase plasmid. we cloned fragments of this plasmid to isolate the sequences encoding congo red binding, to determine the degree of conservation of these sequences among s. flexneri strains, and to study the molecular basis for loss of the crb+ phenotype. at least two separate bamhi fragments cloned into plasmid vectors encode congo red binding in e. coli or s. flexneri. one cr ...	1986	3021630
human leukocyte antigens and sister chromatid exchanges in families with multiple adenomatosis coli.	to study human leukocyte antigens (hla) and sister chromatid exchanges (sce) in multiple adenomatosis coli (mac), eight families were evaluated. twenty-five subjects (14 affected members and 11 healthy relatives) were studied with hla a, b, and c typing of peripheral lymphocytes and sce count in cells that had replicated twice. the results of the present immunogenetic study, although limited to a small number of cases, suggest a correlation between hla, sce, and mac. when the results of further ...	1986	3022927
total iridectomy does not alter outflow facility responses to cyclic amp in cynomolgus monkeys.	total outflow facility was measured by two-level constant pressure anterior chamber perfusion in surgically untouched and totally iridectomized cynomolgus monkey eyes receiving bolus intracameral infusions of cyclic amp, dibutyryl cyclic amp, or 5'amp. cyclic amp doses of 50 and 100 micrograms (corresponding to initial intracameral concentrations of 1.5- and 3 mm) increased facility by approximately 20 and 40% respectively in both surgically untouched and aniridic eyes. higher doses produced no ...	1986	3023122
a conserved human germline v kappa gene directly encodes rheumatoid factor light chains.	the full-length gene that encodes the light chain variable regions of an idiotypically related group of human igm kappa rheumatoid factors (rfs) has been cloned and sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequence is identical to four separate rf proteins. these results prove that genes capable of encoding human anti-igg autoantibody light chains without any somatic mutation are present in the kappa gene repertoire of normal people.	1986	3023521
a conserved human germline v kappa gene directly encodes rheumatoid factor light chains.	the full-length gene that encodes the light chain variable regions of an idiotypically related group of human igm kappa rheumatoid factors (rfs) has been cloned and sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequence is identical to four separate rf proteins. these results prove that genes capable of encoding human anti-igg autoantibody light chains without any somatic mutation are present in the kappa gene repertoire of normal people.	1986	3023521
structure of replicating simian virus 40 minichromosomes. the replication fork, core histone segregation and terminal structures.	the structure of replicating simian virus 40 (sv40) minichromosomes was studied by dna crosslinking with trimethyl-psoralen. the procedure was used both in vitro with extracted sv40 minichromosomes as well as in vivo with sv40-infected cells. both procedures gave essentially the same results. mature sv40 minichromosomes are estimated to contain about 27 nucleosomes (error +/- 2), except for those molecules with a nucleosome-free gap, which are interpreted to contain 25 nucleosomes (error +/- 2). ...	1986	3023620
relative activities of 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase in atrial and ventricular myocardium--the enzyme paradox.	the 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase activities were determined for tissue extracts of up to 10 defined regions of the normal dog heart. the specific activity of 5'-nucleotidase was very significantly higher in atrial than in ventricular myocardium (4 x) and was also higher in right than in left sites of the heart (2 x). the reason for the markedly higher specific activity in atrial muscle is not clear and appears paradoxical relative to adenine nucleotide content and pattern of atp decay ...	1986	3025011
structurally related bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxins display major differences in insecticidal activity in vivo and in vitro.	many strains within the 22 serotypes of bacillus thuringiensis produce crystal delta-endotoxins with slight differences in their insecticidal toxicity spectrum in vivo. since the basis of this specificity is unknown, we chose to compare the activity of delta-endotoxins from three strains: b. thuringiensis var. kurstaki hd-1, var. aizawai hd-249 and var. thuringiensis hd-350, both in vivo and on insect cell lines in vitro. immunoblotting with antisera to activated var. kurstaki p1 lepidopteran to ...	1986	3027111
nucleotide sequence of the virulence gene virg of the agrobacterium tumefaciens octopine ti plasmid: significant homology between virg and the regulatory genes ompr, phob and dye of e. coli.	the entire nucleotide sequence of the virg locus, from the octopine ti plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens strain 15955, has been determined. the virg gene is 801 nucleotides in length and has one open reading frame which encodes a protein of mr 29,995. the virg gene is involved in the transcriptional activation of the ti plasmid vir-loci, which occurs after induction by specific compounds present in plant exudate. sequence analysis of the agrobacterium virg protein showed significant homology ...	1986	3027669
the effects of electroconvulsive therapy and antidepressant drugs on monoamine receptors in rodent brain--similarities and differences.	repeated administration to rodents of electroconvulsive shock (ecs) produces changes in brain monoamine biochemistry and function, several of which are also seen after repeated administration of antidepressant drugs. both repeated ecs and antidepressant drug administration decrease cortical beta-adrenoceptor density and attenuate the alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated sedation response to clonidine injection. neither procedure alters phenylephrine-induced locomotor activity in mice, a measure of alph ...	1986	3028726
the effects of electroconvulsive therapy and antidepressant drugs on monoamine receptors in rodent brain--similarities and differences.	repeated administration to rodents of electroconvulsive shock (ecs) produces changes in brain monoamine biochemistry and function, several of which are also seen after repeated administration of antidepressant drugs. both repeated ecs and antidepressant drug administration decrease cortical beta-adrenoceptor density and attenuate the alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated sedation response to clonidine injection. neither procedure alters phenylephrine-induced locomotor activity in mice, a measure of alph ...	1986	3028726
reconstitution of vesicle fusions occurring in endocytosis with a cell-free system.	we have used defined subcellular fractions to reconstitute in a cell-free system vesicle fusions occurring in the endocytic pathway. the endosomal fractions were prepared by immuno-isolation using as antigen an epitope located on a foreign protein, the transmembrane glycoprotein g (g-protein) of vesicular stomatitis virus. the g-protein was first implanted in the cell plasma membrane and subsequently endocytosed for 15 to 30 min at 37 degrees c. the endosomal fractions were immuno-isolated on a ...	1986	3028771
reconstitution of vesicle fusions occurring in endocytosis with a cell-free system.	we have used defined subcellular fractions to reconstitute in a cell-free system vesicle fusions occurring in the endocytic pathway. the endosomal fractions were prepared by immuno-isolation using as antigen an epitope located on a foreign protein, the transmembrane glycoprotein g (g-protein) of vesicular stomatitis virus. the g-protein was first implanted in the cell plasma membrane and subsequently endocytosed for 15 to 30 min at 37 degrees c. the endosomal fractions were immuno-isolated on a ...	1986	3028771
phospholipase c contracts visceral smooth muscle.	phospholipase c added into the muscle bath (0.2-1.5 units/ml) contracted the guinea-pig taenia coli in a concentration-dependent manner. the fully developed contraction appeared within second, like the contractile effect evoked by 5 microm acetylcholine. pharmacochemical dissection (using phospholipase d, indomethacin, neomycin, li+, phorbol ester and oleoyl-acetyl-glycerol) showed that the contractions induced by exogenous phospholipase c are mediated by inositol trisphosphate, not by diacylgly ...	1986	3028825
phospholipase c contracts visceral smooth muscle.	phospholipase c added into the muscle bath (0.2-1.5 units/ml) contracted the guinea-pig taenia coli in a concentration-dependent manner. the fully developed contraction appeared within second, like the contractile effect evoked by 5 microm acetylcholine. pharmacochemical dissection (using phospholipase d, indomethacin, neomycin, li+, phorbol ester and oleoyl-acetyl-glycerol) showed that the contractions induced by exogenous phospholipase c are mediated by inositol trisphosphate, not by diacylgly ...	1986	3028825
role of leukotrienes in rat reversed passive arthus pleurisy and the effect of aa-861, a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor.	in studies of the role of leukotrienes in inflammatory reactions, the induction of rat reversed passive arthus pleurisy (a type iii allergic reaction) was employed. increases of exudate volume, vascular permeability, and migration of inflammatory cells in the pleural cavity were observed. the vascular permeability was enhanced biphasically during 0-30 min (early response) and during 3-6 h (late response) after induction of the pleurisy. the infiltration of inflammatory cells, mainly polymorphonu ...	1986	3000949
repression of adenovirus early gene expression by coinfection with a temperature-sensitive mutant in the immediate-early gene of pseudorabies virus.	wild-type adenovirus was coinfected with a mutant temperature sensitive for the immediate-early gene of pseudorabies virus. at the nonpermissive temperature, this mutant, tsg, strongly inhibited the transcription of all adenovirus early genes, including e1a. this inhibition was not observed with wild-type pseudorabies virus coinfection or with tsg coinfection at the permissive temperature. the level of repression was dependent upon the ratio of tsg to adenovirus in the infection. the results sug ...	1986	3001339
molecular alteration of the 140-megadalton plasmid associated with loss of virulence and congo red binding activity in shigella flexneri.	a plasmid of about 140 megadaltons has been associated with the invasiveness of shigella flexneri. upon subculturing in liquid media of fully virulent isolates of shigella flexneri 2a ysh6000, which contains only a 230-kilobase-pair (kbp) plasmid in addition to 3.3- and 4.2-kbp cryptic plasmids characteristic to all s. flexneri strains, loss of invasiveness, loss of congo red binding activity (pcr), and complete loss of, or a deletion, or even a single-site is insertion in the plasmid occurred s ...	1986	3002985
[beef-extract agar with sodium nucleinate as a medium for storage and stabilization of biological properties of shigella].		1986	3078175
humoral response in mice immunized with outer membrane proteins of shigella flexneri.	intraperitoneal immunization of mice with outer membrane proteins (omp) of sh. flexneri induced in the animals a synthesis of specific antibodies. their level determined by elisa test was found to be relatively low in the sera of animals immunized with a single dose (10 micrograms) of omp; it was markedly higher in mice immunized with two doses of omp, and very high after three fold immunization. the specific antibodies maintained in the animals for 8-16 weeks after immunization. anti-omp sera g ...	1986	3296993
immunological relationship among glycogen-protein complexes of different species.	glycogen-protein complexes from the muscles of celerio euphorbiae and horse as well as from the livers of frog, carp and man were isolated and used as antigens. after immunization of rabbits antisera were obtained from which fractions of immunoglobulins were isolated. antibodies were used in agar immunodiffusion tests and in quantitative reaction of immunoprecipitation with glycogens. the immunoprecipitation test proved the occurrence of quantitative differences in cross reaction of complexes wi ...	1986	3109350
[influence of bcg in the control of humoral deficiency induced by mastocytoma p-815].	viable bcg bacilli, in a lipid emulsion, inoculated intravenously, were capable of reverting the profound humoral immunosuppression induced in adult dba/2 mice by the mastocytoma p-815. bcg increased not only the number of hemolytic plaque forming cells, but also the serum titers of hemagglutinating igm antibodies. however, no blocking effect was detected on normal tumor progression.	1986	3108617
different classes of antibody activities to trichosporon cutaneum antigen in summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.	to assess the diagnostic value of antibody activities to trichosporon cutaneum antigen in patients with summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis in japan, we measured the serum igg, iga, and igm antibodies to saline-soluble antigen of homogenized t. cutaneum cells by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the igg antibody activity was observed in serum samples from 25 (83%) of the 30 patients and in 9 (82%) of the 11 asymptomatic family members. the iga antibody activity was found in 25 (83% ...	1986	3079979
different classes of antibody activities to trichosporon cutaneum antigen in summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.	to assess the diagnostic value of antibody activities to trichosporon cutaneum antigen in patients with summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis in japan, we measured the serum igg, iga, and igm antibodies to saline-soluble antigen of homogenized t. cutaneum cells by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the igg antibody activity was observed in serum samples from 25 (83%) of the 30 patients and in 9 (82%) of the 11 asymptomatic family members. the iga antibody activity was found in 25 (83% ...	1986	3079979
effect of guinea pig or monkey colonic mucus on shigella aggregation and invasion of hela cells by shigella flexneri 1b and 2a.	the effects of guinea pig and rhesus monkey colonic mucus preparations on shigella aggregation and invasion of hela cell monolayers by shigella flexneri serotype 1b, 2a, and 5 strains were investigated. guinea pig mucus caused agglutination of s. flexneri serotype 1b but not of s. flexneri serotype 2a or 5. guinea pig mucus also inhibited hela cell invasion by s. flexneri serotypes 1b and 2a. monkey mucus neither agglutinated any shigella strain nor inhibited hela cell invasion.	1986	3081449
characterization of the membrane-bound protein kinase c and its substrate proteins in canine cardiac sarcolemma.	cardiac sarcolemma was purified from canine ventricles. enrichment of the sarcolemmal membranes was demonstrated by the high (na+ + k+)-atpase activity of 28.0 +/- 1.5 mumol pi/mg protein per h and the high concentration of muscarinic receptors with the bmax of 8.2 +/- 2.5 pmol/mg protein as determined by [3h]qnb binding. the purified sarcolemma also contains significant levels of a membrane-bound ca2+ and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase c). to elucidate the protein kinase ...	1986	3082370
[use of bladder biopsy in the study of urinary schistosomiasis].	it is common to find schistosoma eggs in urine, faeces, and biopsies from rectal mucus membranes presently in use. it is less common to observe adults in routine bladder biopsies. the authors report such a case and discuss the importance of the bladder biopsy to estimate tissular inflammatory response which could reflect the host-parasite balance.	1986	3084108
disialoganglioside gd2 distributes preferentially into substrate-associated microprocesses on human melanoma cells during their attachment to fibronectin.	human melanoma cells (m21) actively attach and spread on a fibronectin substrate. indirect immunofluorescence assays with specific monoclonal antibodies directed to the disialoganglioside gd2, the major ganglioside expressed on m21 melanoma cells, indicate that during the cell attachment process this molecule redistributes into microprocesses that make direct contact with the fibronectin substrate. scanning and transmission immunoelectron microscopic studies with anti-gd2 monoclonal antibodies a ...	1986	3084502
disialoganglioside gd2 distributes preferentially into substrate-associated microprocesses on human melanoma cells during their attachment to fibronectin.	human melanoma cells (m21) actively attach and spread on a fibronectin substrate. indirect immunofluorescence assays with specific monoclonal antibodies directed to the disialoganglioside gd2, the major ganglioside expressed on m21 melanoma cells, indicate that during the cell attachment process this molecule redistributes into microprocesses that make direct contact with the fibronectin substrate. scanning and transmission immunoelectron microscopic studies with anti-gd2 monoclonal antibodies a ...	1986	3084502
endogenous luteinizing hormone surge in women during induction of multiple follicular development with pulsatile follicle stimulating hormone.	in this study nine consecutive normally cycling women undergoing in-vitro fertilization (ivf) were superovulated with clomiphene citrate followed by pulsatile 'pure' fsh injected s.c. via a pump (28 iu every 3 h). all women displayed an endogenous lh surge, which was markedly attenuated in most of the cases (peak value 44.5 +/- 5.9 u/l, duration 29.2 +/- 1.2 h, mean +/- sem) as compared to spontaneous cycles. an increase in serum progesterone levels before the onset of the lh surge was seen in o ...	1986	3085995
natural and recombinant interferons inhibit epithelial cell invasion by shigella spp.	the effect of natural and recombinant interferons (ifns) on the abilities of shigella flexneri, s. sonnei, and salmonella typhimurium to invade different human and murine cells was examined. pretreatment of cell monolayers with natural and recombinant ifns reduced the number of shigella-infected cells in a dose-dependent manner. establishment of an anti-invasive cellular state was time dependent, requiring 10 h for 50% inhibition of bacterial invasion. the inhibitory effect of ifn was species sp ...	1986	3086234
measurement of phospholipid turnover in cultured hormone responsive pituitary cells.		1986	3086663
genetic basis for altered idiotype expression in the hyperimmune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl hapten.	to assess the significance of somatic point mutation in the hyperimmune response to the hapten np, an in vivo enrichment procedure was followed. mice that expressed high titers of b1-8 idiotopic determinants were selected as donors for serial transfer of small numbers of immune spleen cells into syngeneic irradiated recipient mice. cells expressing b1-8 idiotopic determinants were chosen for enrichment because b1-8 cross-reactive determinants constitute a significant portion of the primary respo ...	1986	3088116
the effect of the beta-carboline fg 7142 on the behaviour of male rats in a living cage: an ethological analysis of social and nonsocial behaviour.	the effects of fg 7142, a beta-carboline benzodiazepine receptor partial inverse agonist, on the social behavior of pair-housed rats were investigated. four 6-min dyadic social encounters in a living cage were observed in a paradigm in which one member of a pair of rats was injected. the four injection groups (n = 8) were vehicle control, and fg 7142 at 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg, respectively. all injections were administered 2 min before the start of the first observation trial. compared to the e ...	1986	3088637
study of aldose reductase inhibition in intact lenses by 13c nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.	carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been used in the study of glucose metabolism, specifically aldose reductase inhibition, in intact rabbit lenses maintained in organ culture. this technique provides an effective method of screening potential inhibitors of aldose reductase under conditions that more closely approximate in vivo conditions than do earlier methods. the aspirin substitutes acetaminophen and ibuprofen were studied as aldose reductase inhibitors and were found to be ...	1986	3088727
disopyramide phosphate effects on slow and depressed fast responses.	we studied the effects of disopyramide phosphate on explanted neonatal rat ventricle cells exhibiting depressed fast responses or naturally occurring slow response action potentials together with automatic activity. disopyramide suppressed the spontaneous activity at a concentration of 2.5 micrograms/ml with a half-maximal value of 10 micrograms/ml. before spontaneous activity was lost, there was an increase in beating rate possibly related to membrane depolarization. in depressed fast and slow ...	1986	3089566
[cell proliferation in the carcinogenetic processes of tongue carcinoma induced by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide in rats. 1. relation between morphology and microvascular architecture of the filiform papillae of dorsal surface of the tongue in normal albino rats].		1986	3090703
chloroalanyl antibiotic peptides: antagonism of their antimicrobial effects by l-alanine and l-alanyl peptides in gram-negative bacteria.	a large number of structurally diverse di- and tripeptides containing the alanine racemase inactivator beta-chloro-l-alanine (beta-cl-lala) have been synthesized, and their antibacterial properties in vitro have been evaluated. the dipeptides 1, 3-6, and 8-17 and the tripeptide 20 are all broad-spectrum antibacterial agents with considerable potency against both gram-positive and gram-negative species, but none of these peptides improves dramatically on the antibiotic efficacy of the previously ...	1986	3093682
noradrenergic and opioid mediation of tricyclic-induced reversal of escape deficits caused by inescapable shock pretreatment in rats.	the present study was undertaken to investigate the possible involvement of a noradrenergic and opioid mediation of the reversal by tricyclic antidepressants of escape deficits produced by inescapable shock pretreatment. rats were first exposed to 60 inescapable shocks (15 s duration, 0.8 ma, every min +/- 15 s) and 48 h later subjected, to daily shuttle-box sessions (30 trials/day, iti: 30 s) during 3 consecutive days. twice-daily ip injection of desipramine or clomipramine (total daily dose: 3 ...	1986	3094068
[prevalence of campylobacter jejuni complement fixing antibody in healthy people].		1986	3097197
rash mutants deficient in gtp binding.	single amino acid substitutions were introduced into a region of the rash protein (residues 116, 117, and 119) homologous to a variety of diverse gtp-binding proteins. each of the mutant p21 proteins displayed a significant reduction (10- to 5,000-fold) in gtp binding affinity. activated rash proteins deficient in gtp binding were unaltered in their ability to morphologically transform nih 3t3 cells.	1986	3097518
signals in the phi 29 dna-terminal protein template for the initiation of phage phi 29 dna replication.	the protein-free terminal fragments hindiii b and l, from the left and right ends of phi 29 dna, respectively, but not internal fragments of similar size, were active as templates in the formation of the p3-damp initiation complex in an in vitro system containing purified phi 29 terminal protein p3 and dna polymerase p2, although the activity was lower than that obtained with the phi 29 dna-p3 complex. these results indicate the existence of specific sequences at the ends of phi 29 dna that allo ...	1986	3097958
radioimmunoscintigraphy of human gastric carcinoma xenografts with 125i-labeled monoclonal antibody.	a monoclonal antibody (gc 302) established in our laboratory, which was reactive with gastric carcinoma and other epithelial carcinoma but not with normal gastric mucosa or other malignant tumors of mesenchymal origin, was used to investigate the radioimmunolocalization of tumors. various kinds of target cells (5 x 10(5)) were incubated with 125i-labeled gc 302, and radioactivity was determined with a gamma counter. it was shown that there was a 500- to 1,000-fold increase in counts for gastric ...	1986	3098721
characterization and diagnostic application of a lipopolysaccharide core oligosaccharide-protein conjugate.	shigella sonnei phase ii core oligosaccharide (osphii) was linked covalently with protein (bovine serum albumin or tetanus toxoid) to obtain a conjugate (osphii-protein) of good immunogenicity in rabbits. anti-osphii-protein conjugate sera contained high levels of immunoglobulin g antibodies against the complete core region of sh. sonnei lipopolysaccharide. the antigenic relationships between lipopolysaccharides of r1, r3 and r4 core types using anti-osphii-protein sera were studied. these antis ...	1986	3098854
effect of measles-virus infection and interferon treatment on invasiveness of shigella flexneri in hep2-cell cultures.	the influence of measles-virus infection on the invasiveness of shigella flexneri in hep2-cell cultures was studied. bacterial invasiveness was significantly enhanced in cell cultures incubated with virus before bacterial inoculation. this effect was a function of time after introduction of virus to the cell cultures and of the concentration of virus. the increase in bacterial invasiveness was observed before production of infectious virus particles and before a cytopathic effect was evident. a ...	1986	3098977
separation and quantification of prostaglandins e1 and e2 as their panacyl derivatives using reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography.	separation and quantification of prostaglandin e1 (pge1) and prostaglandin e2 (pge2) were achieved using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (hplc). panacyl bromide (p-(9-anthroyloxy)phenacyl bromide) (pab) derivatives of pge2 and pge1 were prepared. reverse phase hplc using a linear gradient of 56% to 80% acetonitrile in water containing 0.10% acetic acid gave baseline resolution of the two derivatives. a 3 um diameter particle, c18 column provided good resolution and reproduci ...	1986	3099332
a strain of multiform cryptococcus neoformans.		1986	3100152
the protein subunits of the double-stranded rna dependent rna polymerase and methyltransferase of the cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus of silkworm, bombyx mori.	the particles of cpv of silkworm contain double-stranded rna polymerase and methyltransferase. it was reported in a previous paper that the genome-enzyme complex could be isolated. the genome-enzyme complex shows high enzyme activity of rna polymerase and methyltransferase in spite of the fact that it consists of only 5 percent of the protein. in order to clarify the protein subunits of the rna polymerase and methyltransferase, two methods were adopted. the sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoretog ...	1986	3299695
salicylates inhibit paf-acether-induced rat paw oedema when cyclooxygenase inhibitors are ineffective.	the cyclooxygenase inhibitors indomethacin, piroxicam, ibuprofen, naproxen and flurbiprofen failed to block rat paw oedema induced by paf-acether, whereas aspirin and sodium salicylate were effective. two mixed cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibitors ndga, bw 755c and dexamethasone reduced oedema in a dose - dependently. the selective paf-acether antagonist, bn 52021, was effective against paf-acether at 5 - 20 mg/kg. the lipoxygenase derivates may be involved in paw oedema induced by paf-ace ...	1986	3103172
acute circulatory effects of doxorubicin in the conscious dog.	experimental work on the mechanisms of acute doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity may contribute to a better understanding of the clinical problem of cardiac failure after treatment with anthracycline derivatives. we studied aortic pressure and heart rate continuously for 1 h following a bolus injection of doxorubicin (1 mg/kg) in 7 dogs. in contrast with previous studies in intact animals, no anesthesia was used in order to eliminate possible interactions of doxorubicin with other drugs. one minu ...	1986	3153244
shiga toxin.		1986	3153582
prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in riyadh district, saudi arabia.	a total of 23,516 stool specimens collected from patients attending three medical centres in riyadh, saudi arabia, were examined for intestinal parasites. of these 5737 (24.4%) were positive. entamoeba histolytica (8.8%) and giardia lamblia (6.3%) were the commonest parasites found, and in the age group of one to 15 years. giardia was found in 14.8% of males and 11.9% of females. other intestinal parasites present included ascaris lumbricoides, trichuris trichiura, schistosoma mansoni, hymeolepi ...	1986	3675035
efficacy of single-agent therapy with azlocillin, ticarcillin, and amikacin and beta-lactam/amikacin combinations for treatment of pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia in granulocytopenic rats.	the efficacy of azlocillin, ticarcillin, and amikacin as single agents and the penicillin/amikacin combinations for treatment of pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia during cyclophosphamide-induced severe neutropenia in a rat model were assessed. equivalent antibiotic dosing was based on the time rat serum antibiotic levels were above the minimal bactericidal concentration for the challenge organism. antibiotic therapy was administered for 62 hours after bacterial challenge. antimicrobial efficacy ...	1986	3636060
respiratory failure and lethal hypotension due to blue-ringed octopus and tetrodotoxin envenomation observed and counteracted in animal models.	the effects of crude blue-ringed octopus venom gland extract and tetrodotoxin (ttx) on anaesthetised rats and rabbits were studied. paralysis of the respiratory musculature causing anoxia and cyanosis was overcome with positive, artificial respiration. the second lethal mechanism of the toxins: rapid and severe hypotension, had to be counteracted peripherally, since neural transmission had been drastically reduced by the toxins. noradrenaline, d-amphetamine, phenylephrine and methoxamine, agonis ...	1986	3573123
optimization of freezing, storage, and thawing conditions for the preparation of metabolically active synaptosomes from frozen rat and human brain.	samples of rat and human cerebral cortex were frozen, stored, and thawed under a variety of conditions to define further the optimal procedure for storing human brain samples for subsequent metabolic and functional studies that use incubated synaptosomes. tissue samples were best preserved by immersing them in isotonic sucrose prior to slow freezing, but there was no advantage in first chopping up the material. high concentrations of sucrose, rather than exerting a cryoprotective effect, were de ...	1986	3561893
disk diffusion susceptibility of branhamella catarrhalis and relationship of beta-lactam zone size to beta-lactamase production.	we tested 231 isolates of branhamella catarrhalis for beta-lactamase production and drug susceptibility by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards disk diffusion method. the nitrocephin disk (cefinase) identified beta-lactamase in 98% of the enzyme-producing strains, and a zone diameter of inhibition of less than or equal to 29 mm for penicillin correctly predicted the presence of beta-lactamase in 99% of the isolates. no resistance to erythromycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim-su ...	1986	3492178
the use of rodent models in assessing antimicrobial activity against mycobacterium leprae.		1986	3553807
limited in vitro multiplication of mycobacterium leprae: application to screening potential antileprosy compounds.		1986	3553808
[evaluation of vaccinal immunogenesis by the peroxidase method].	the possibility of evaluating functional immunomorphogenesis in the course of the vaccinal process after the injection of conjugated and live brucellosis vaccines, as well as conjugated plague antigen and yersinia pestis strain ev, to guinea pigs has been shown by means of the direct and two-layer variants of the immunoperoxidase assay. the dynamics of the accumulation of globulin-producing cells in the immunocompetent organs and the time course of immunoglobulin titers in the peripheral blood a ...	1986	3548171
biochemical and functional characterization of the rat liver glucose-transport system. comparisons with the adipocyte glucose-transport system.	the properties of the glucose-transport systems in rat adipocytes and hepatocytes were compared in cells prepared from the same animals. hormones and other agents which cause a large stimulation of 3-o-methylglucose transport in adipocytes were without acute effect in hepatocytes. hepatocytes displayed a lower affinity for 3-o-methylglucose (20 mm) and alternative substrates than adipocytes (6 mm), whereas inhibitor affinities were similar in both cell types. the concentration and distribution o ...	1986	3548706
natural cytotoxic effector cell activity against shigella flexneri-infected hela cells.	virus and facultative intracellular bacteria both replicate within a host cell. the recognition and killing of virus-infected cells by natural killer (nk) cells is thought to be an important host immune function. however, little is known about immune recognition of bacteria-infected cells. in this report, we show for the first time that human peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) and large granular lymphocytes (lgl) purified from pbl have significant levels of cytotoxic activity against shigella fl ...	1986	3510252
cutaneous shigellosis.		1986	3510587
shigellaemia in adults: case reports and literature review.		1986	3510864
rectal histology in acute bacillary dysentery.	a recent epidemic of acute shigella dysentery in west bengal (india) provided us with an opportunity to examine the rectal mucosal abnormalities seen in this condition. one hundred two patients were investigated using sigmoidoscopy, rectal biopsy, and rectal swab for culture. pure culture of shigella was obtained in 37 cases, and the rectal biopsy specimens from these patients were assessed in detail. the mean (+/- sd) duration of illness was 47.8 +/- 27.4 h (range 8-120 h), and most patients (3 ...	1986	3510937
multiplication of shigella flexneri within hela cells: lysis of the phagocytic vacuole and plasmid-mediated contact hemolysis.	virulent strains of shigella flexneri invade hela cells with high efficiency. this crucial step in the pathogenic process is encoded by a 140-megadalton plasmid which induces phagocytosis of the bacteria by host cells. in this report we used pwr100, the virulence plasmid of s. flexneri serotype 5, and phs4108, a 32-megadalton subclone of pwr100, to demonstrate that the plasmid is also responsible for rapid intracellular growth of the bacteria. the ability to replicate intracellularly was not cor ...	1986	3510976
molecular cloning of a genetic determinant for congo red binding ability which is essential for the virulence of shigella flexneri.	a dna sequence of about 1.0 kilobase (kb) derived from a 230-kb (140-megadalton) plasmid in a fully virulent shigella flexneri 2a strain, ysh6000, was cloned into escherichia coli k-12 by selecting for the ability to bind congo red (pcr+ phenotype). it was mapped and localized within the sali restriction fragment f on the plasmid. this clone converted an s. flexneri strain which is avirulent as a result of a small deletion in the plasmid to full virulence but did not convert those without the 23 ...	1986	3510977
expression of several adhesive macromolecules (n-cam, l1, j1, nile, uvomorulin, laminin, fibronectin, and a heparan sulfate proteoglycan) in embryonic, adult, and denervated adult skeletal muscle.	levels of the neural cell adhesion molecule n-cam in muscle are regulated in parallel with the susceptibility of muscle to innervation: n-cam is abundant on the surface of early embryonic myotubes, declines in level as development proceeds, reappears when adult muscles are denervated or paralyzed, and is lost after reinnervation (covault, j., and j. r. sanes, 1985, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa, 82:4544-4548). here we used immunocytochemical methods to compare this pattern of expression with those ...	1986	3511069
1-nitropyrene: a mutagenic product induced by the action of near ultraviolet light on 1-aminopyrene.	a solution of 1-aminopyrene in dimethyl sulfoxide exposed to an artificial source of near ultraviolet light (600 kj/m2) induced significant direct-acting mutagenicity in the ames/salmonella plating assay utilizing strain ta98. high-performance liquid chromatography of this solution resulted in a fraction that was mutagenic on ta98 but inactive on a nitroreductase-deficient strain of salmonella (ta98nr). this observation suggested the presence of a nitro-containing compound. mass spectral analysi ...	1986	3511370
adherence of non-fimbriate entero-invasive escherichia coli o124 to guinea pig intestinal tract in vitro and in vivo.	the adherence properties of non-fimbriate entero-invasive escherichia coli o124 in the guinea pig intestinal tract were studied. quantitative in-vitro determinations were done by incubating radiolabelled bacteria with suspensions of viable intestinal cells released by treating loops of the guinea pig intestine with solutions containing edta, dithiothreitol and citrate. non-bound bacteria were separated from the intestinal cells on a percoll gradient. only cells released from the colon, especiall ...	1986	3512837
activation of the complement system by cryptococcus neoformans leads to binding of ic3b to the yeast.	the complement system plays a key role in resistance to cryptococcosis. in the present study, we examined several factors that influence the binding of c3 cleavage fragments to cryptococcus neoformans. binding of c3 was determined by using normal human serum supplemented with 125i-labeled c3. incubation of encapsulated cryptococci in 20% serum led to the binding of approximately 3.2 x 10(6) molecules of c3 to each cell. the binding of c3 was markedly inhibited by heating the serum at 56 degrees ...	1986	3514450
degradation of insulin by insulin-degrading enzyme and biological characteristics of its fragments.	we have previously reported on the purification, characterization, and biological significance of insulin-degrading enzyme (ide) from pig and rat skeletal muscle. in the present study, we have investigated the detection and the hplc separation of degradation products of native insulin from the reaction of monocomponent porcine insulin with affinity-purified pig ide. insulin was degraded by ide in a time- and dose-dependent manner. eight peaks (peaks i through viii) appeared after 1 h of incubati ...	1986	3516656
coordinate roles of insulin and glucose on the growth of hepatoma cells in culture.		1986	3516664
the role of shigella spp., enteroinvasive escherichia coli, and other enteropathogens as causes of childhood dysentery in thailand.	shigella spp. were isolated from 44%, pleisomonas shigelloides from 22%, campylobacter spp. from 16%, and salmonella spp. from 10% of 200 thai children with mucoid or bloody diarrhea. enteroinvasive escherichia coli (eiec) was identified by examining isolates of e. coli for plasmids larger than 120 megadaltons (mda), by identifying e. coli with a virulence marker antigen in an elisa, and by performing dna hybridization with a 17-kilobase (kb) ecori digestion fragment of plasmid pwr100 (a 140-mda ...	1986	3517189
shigella bacteremia in adults.		1986	3517402
characterization of transferable plasmids from shigella flexneri 2a that confer resistance to trimethoprim, streptomycin, and sulfonamides.	a set of plasmids conferring resistance to several antibiotics, including the combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, has been isolated from escherichia coli following conjugative cotransfer from a clinical isolate of shigella flexneri 2a. one of the plasmids, pcn1, was shown by subcloning and dna sequencing to carry a gene encoding a trimethoprim-insensitive dihydrofolate reductase identical to that found in e. coli transposon 7. this plasmid was also shown to confer resistance to bot ...	1986	3517903
[population migrations and the epidemic process of flexner and sonne dysentery].	analysis of the materials from the khabarovsk territory for the representative period of 25 years (1956-1980) revealed the influence of the migration of the population on the level and dynamics of morbidity in different kinds of dysentery, flexner's dysentery shown to occur more frequently than sonne dysentery. intensive migrations increase the proportion of susceptible persons among the population, thus facilitating the formation and circulation of shigella strains with pronounced virulence.	1986	3518299
[development of the classification of bacteria in the genus shigella].		1986	3518304
[bactericidal and immunocorrective properties of plant extracts].	extract from oak cork, st. john's wort leaves and flowers and pine buds possess more pronounced bactericidal properties with respect to staphylococci, shigellae, escherichia coli than decoctions from these medicinal plants. such extracts may be included into complexes for the treatment of otorhinolaryngological diseases, enterocolitis in children and bacterial eczema. as a medicinal form, extract prepared from medicinal plants are more convenient for storage and permit more exact dosage.	1986	3518308
comparative efficacies of single intravenous doses of ceftriaxone and ampicillin for shigellosis in a placebo-controlled trial.	to evaluate ceftriaxone for the treatment of shigellosis, 94 adult males with acute dysentery were randomly assigned to receive ceftriaxone (1 g), ampicillin (4 g), or saline placebo intravenously in single doses in a double-blind design. stool cultures were positive for shigella dysenteriae in 52 patients, s. flexneri in 38 patients, and other species in 4 patients. both ceftriaxone and ampicillin caused reductions in the mean duration of fever and the means of daily stool frequency 2 to 4 days ...	1986	3518625
metabolic rhythms in adolescents with diabetes during treatment with porcine or human insulin.	metabolic rhythms were studied over 24 hours in eight adolescent diabetic patients during treatment with porcine insulin and after transfer to human insulin. despite an increase in dose with human insulin no significant changes were found in fasting blood glucose, 24h mean blood glucose, or glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations. significantly higher 24h mean blood lactate concentrations and lower total ketone bodies and glycerol concentrations were observed during treatment with human insulin. ...	1986	3518640
identification and partial characterization of a nucleolar antigen with a molecular weight of 145,000 found in a broad range of human cancers.	previous studies in our laboratory have indicated the presence of nucleolar antigens in tumors which were not detected in normal tissues. some of the polyclonal antisera produced in these studies were shown to identify a mr, 145,000 nucleolar antigen on immunoblots of tumor nucleoli but not in normal human liver nucleoli. a monoclonal antibody to a mr 145,000 nucleolar protein (p145) was produced by immunization of mice with a nucleolar extract of hela cells which is enriched with this antigen. ...	1986	3518918
immunoglobulin g (igg) and iga subclass pattern of human antibodies to shigella flexneri and salmonella serogroup b and d lipopolysaccharide o antigens.	the subclass distribution of human serum antibodies to the o-antigenic lipopolysaccharides of salmonella serogroups b and d and to shigella flexneri serotypes 1b, 2a, and 4a lipopolysaccharide antigens were analyzed in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with monoclonal antibodies to the immunoglobulin subclasses. the patients had culture-verified salmonella (17 swedes) or shigella flexneri (23 vietnamese; 11 children and 12 adults) infections. consecutive samples drawn during 1 year postinfect ...	1986	3519461
immunocytochemical localization of cathepsin b in rat kidney. ii. electron microscopic study using the protein a-gold technique.	thin sections of lowicryl k4m-embedded materials were labeled with protein a-gold complex. gold particles representing the antigen sites for cathepsin b were exclusively confined to lysosomes of each segment of the nephron. the heaviest labeling was noted in the lysosomes of the s1 segment of the proximal tubules. labeling intensity varied considerably with the individual lysosomes. lysosomes of the other tubular segments, such as the s2 and s3 segments of the proximal tubules, distal convoluted ...	1986	3519753
the relation between production of cytotoxin and clinical features in shigellosis.	the relation between in vitro production of hela cell cytotoxin by strains of shigella and clinical symptomatology was determined for 35 travelers from the united states who developed shigellosis in guadalajara, mexico. there were 25 patients with shigella sonnei, eight with shigella flexneri, one with shigella boydii, and one with shigella dysenteriae. these strains were evaluated for in vitro production of cytotoxin. the amount of cytotoxin did not correlate with the number of stools passed, t ...	1986	3519788
[dynamics of shigella interaction with the epithelium in the infection process].	the study of the adhesion of shigella flexneri to intestinal mucosal explants from human postabortion fetuses, used as an experimental model, has revealed that the process of interaction between the infective agent and the epithelium develops in accordance with langmuir's equation of the adsorption isotherm. the specific biological feature of the adhesive interaction between bacteria and the mucous membrane is the fact that the effective adhesion of microbes is possible only in case of their hig ...	1986	3521158
control of shigella flexneri in celebes black macaques (macaca nigra).	stool specimens collected systematically from a group of celebes black macaques (macaca nigra) with a high incidence of diarrhea were examined microbiologically. numerous isolates of shigella flexneri, campylobacter jejuni and pathogenic escherichia coli were recovered. previous parasitology reports had revealed that the majority of the animals had balantidium coli. subsequently, the group was treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, erythromycin and tetracycline. after treatment, shigella fl ...	1986	3523037
[biochemical properties of shigella flexneri and their practical significance].	as the result of the study of 921 s. flexneri strains 1-6 and 4 (iv: 7,8), isolated in 31 regions of the ussr in 1975-1984, their biochemical characterization by 33 tests was made. all the strains under study proved to be typical in most of their constant signs, only some of strains 2a showed deviations in mannitol and some of strains 4a, in acetate. in strains of serovar 6, circulating in the ussr, specific features with respect to dulcitol and xylose were noted. the possibility of the biochemi ...	1986	3524079
[characteristics of the tissue population cycle of shigellae].	in experiments on human fetal intestinal explants infected with shigellae the specific multiplication rate of these infective agents, found to be 0.026, and the maximum level of their accumulation in erythrocytes, reaching 22-36 microbes per cell, have been determined. these phenomena can be observed after at least 3-hour incubation and end in the release of the infective agents from the affected area with shedding epithelial elements (villi). shigellae, aggregated in the shed villi easily adher ...	1986	3524080
[natural population migration and the dysentery epidemic process].	the complex analysis of materials obtained in different regions and territories of the far east makes it possible to establish that the natural migration of population affects dysentery morbidity by enhancing the susceptibility of human population to this infection. the internal mechanisms of the influence exerted on morbidity by the natural migration of population is disclosed from the viewpoint of the theory of the self regulation of the epidemic process.	1986	3524082
[multiple imaging procedures including mri in bladder cancer].	endoscopic photography, double contrast cystography, transurethral echography, x-ray ct scan, and mri (magnetic resonance imaging) were utilized for the staging diagnosis of the four patients with carcinoma of the bladder. in the first case, a 70-year-old man, since all of the five imaging procedures suggested a superficial and pedunculated tumor, his bladder cancer was considered t1. the classification of stage t3 carcinoma was made for the second 86-year-old male. because all of his imaging ex ...	1986	3524152