Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| the neem limonoids azadirachtin and nimbolide induce cell cycle arrest and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in human cervical cancer (hela) cells. | limonoids from the neem tree (azadirachta indica) have attracted considerable research attention in recent years owing to their potent antioxidant and anti-proliferative effects. the present study was designed to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which azadirachtin and nimbolide exert cytotoxic effects in the human cervical cancer (hela) cell line. both azadirachtin and nimbolide significantly suppressed the viability of hela cells in a dose-dependent manner by inducing cell c ... | 2010 | 20429769 |
| the efficacy of neem seed extracts (tre-san, mitestop on a broad spectrum of pests and parasites. | the paper summarizes the acaricidal and insecticidal effects of a patented neem seed extract when diluted 1:10 with shampoo or 1:20, 1:30, 1:33, 1:40, respectively, 1:66 with tap water. it was shown that a broad range of pests and parasites, such as house dust mites, poultry mites, harvest mites, ixodes and rhipicephalus ticks, cat fleas (adults, larvae), bed bugs (all stages), head lice and mallophaga, cockroaches (genera blatta, blattella, gomphadorhina), raptor bugs (triatoma), and even food- ... | 2010 | 20461406 |
| neem leaf glycoprotein enhances carcinoembryonic antigen presentation of dendritic cells to t and b cells for induction of anti-tumor immunity by allowing generation of immune effector/memory response. | vaccination with neem leaf glycoprotein matured carcinoembryonic antigen (cea) pulsed dendritic cells (dcs) enhances antigen-specific humoral and cellular immunity against cea and restricts the growth of cea(+) murine tumors. nlgp helps better cea uptake, processing and presentation to t/b cells. this vaccination (dcnlgpcea) elicits mitogen induced and cea specific t cell proliferation, ifn gamma secretion and induces specific cytotoxic reactions to cea(+) colon tumor cells. in addition to t cel ... | 2010 | 20472099 |
| the blue neck syndrome : nematode larvae in skin scrapings. | a novel non-inflammatory type of pigmentation of the neck associated with nematode larvae on affected skin is described. the name 'blue neck syndrome' is suggested for this condition because of the characteristic clinical appearance. antinematode agents such as albendazole and neem oil have been found to be effective in the treatment. | 2010 | 20877070 |
| cytotoxicity of neem leaf extract (azadirachta indica, juss): an antitumour activity! | 2009 | 9111794 | |
| toxicity of neem seed oil against the larvae of boophilus decoloratus, a one-host tick in cattle. | the in vitro toxicity of neem seed oil (azadirachta indica a. juss, family: meliaceae, dogon yaro in hausa language in nigeria) was tested against the larvae of a one-host tick, boophilus decoloratus (family: ixodidae or hard tick, commonly known as blue tick) parasitic mainly to cattle generally found in savannas of tropical equatorial africa. the 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% concentrations of neem seed oil were found to kill all (100% mortality) the larvae after 27, 27, 27, 27 and 24 h respectively ... | 2009 | 20502579 |
| medicinal properties of fractionated acetone/water neem [azadirachta indica] leaf extract from nigeria: a review. | the global scenario is now supporting the development of modern drugs from less toxic plant products with proven medicinal properties. each part of neem plant [azadirachta indica a. juss] reportedly have various medicinal properties and has been in use in many continents for centuries. recently, a fractionated neem-leaf extract known as irab with reported activities against malaria, hiv/aids and cancer has been developed into a drug and currently marketed in nigeria as iracap. this paper reviews ... | 2009 | 20234757 |
| assessment of air pollution tolerance index of some trees in moradabad city, india. | to see the relative tolerance of the plant species, ten different plant species i.e. ficus rumphii, pongamia pinnata, alstonia scholaris, holoptelea integrifolia, saraca indica, pithecolobium dulcis, cassia simea, bauhinia variegata, azadirachta indica and grewelia robusta was taken from residential (si), industrial (sii) and commercial (siii) area of the city as this florais very much common to the brass city and is planted on the roadside. the quality of air with respect to spm, so2 and no2 ha ... | 2009 | 20120494 |
| antibacterial applications of silver nanoparticles synthesized by aqueous extract of azadirachta indica (neem) leaves. | silver nanoparticles are known to have bactericidal effects. a new generation of dressings incorporating antimicrobial agents like silver nanoparticles is being formulated to reduce or prevent infections. the particles can be incorporated in materials and cloth rendering them sterile. recently, it was found that aqueous silver ions can be reduced by aqueous extract of plant parts to generate extremely stable silver nanoparticles in water. apart from being environmentally friendly process, use of ... | 2009 | 20055111 |
| [plant extracts in control of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini, 1887) (acari: ixodidae) in laboratory]. | plant extracts were studied to evaluate its efficiency in the control of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini, 1887) in laboratory. engorged female ticks were collected from the cattle, kept in petri dishes. organic alcoholic extracts 2% (weight/volume) were used: seeds of annona muricata l. (annonaceae) (soursop); flowers of syzygium malaccensis (l.) (myrtaceae) (iamb), leaves of cymbopogon citratus (dc.) stapf (poaceae) (holy grass), leaves of azadirachta indica a. juss (meliaceae) ... | 2009 | 20040208 |
| effect of neem (azardirachta indica a. juss) seeds and leaves extract on some plant pathogenic fungi. | in this study plant pathogenic fungi alternaria solani, fusarium oxysporum, rhizoctonia solani and sclerotinia sclerotiorum were chosen to study the effect of ethanolic, hexane and methanolic extracts of neem seeds and leaves. antifungal effects of neem leave and seed extracts obtained by ethanol, hexane and ptrolium ether were examined separately in vitro against fusarium oxysporum, rhizoctonia solani, alternaria solani and sclerotinia sclerotiorum. results indicated that seeds and leaves extra ... | 2009 | 19947185 |
| comparative efficacy of annona squamosa and azadirachta indica extracts against boophilus microplus izatnagar isolate. | in the search of developing herbal acaricides, eight medicinal plants were screened for their efficacy against boophilus microplus, the widely distributed tick species in india. of the seven extracts screened, the extracts prepared from the annona squamosa seed showed very high level of efficacy (70.8%) after 24 h of treatment. the effect of treatment on oviposition of the survived ticks was also assessed, and a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the reproductive index was noted in comparison t ... | 2009 | 19557436 |
| effect of commercially available plant-derived essential oil products on arthropod pests. | plant-derived essential oil products, in general, are considered minimum-risk pesticides and are exempt from environmental protection agency registration under section 25(b) of the federal insecticide fungicide and rodenticide act. however, many of the plant-derived essential products available to consumers (homeowners) have not been judiciously evaluated for both efficacy and plant safety. in fact, numerous plant-derived essential oil products labeled for control of arthropod pests have not bee ... | 2009 | 19736770 |
| antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of dihar, a polyherbal ayurvedic formulation in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. | present investigation was undertaken to evaluate antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of dihar, a polyherbal formulation containing drugs from eight different herbs viz., syzygium cumini, momordica charantia, emblica officinalis, gymnema sylvestre, enicostemma littorale, azadirachta indica, tinospora cordifolia and curcuma longa in streptozotocin (stz, 45 mg/kg iv single dose) induced type 1 diabetic rats. stz produced a significant increase in serum glucose, choleste ... | 2009 | 19761040 |
| [potential of metarhizium anisopliae and beauveria bassiana isolates and neem oil to control the aphid lipaphis erysimi (kalt.) (hemiptera: aphididae)]. | this work aimed to determine the efficiency of the entomopathogenic fungi metarhizium anisopliae and beauveria bassiana to control the aphid lipaphis erysimi (kalt.) (hemiptera: aphididae) in kale brassica oleracea var acephala d.c., as well as their compatibility with a neem oil formulation (neemseto). ten isolates of both fungi were tested and the most pathogenic ones were b. bassiana cg001 and m. anisopliae cg30 with 90% and 4.4 days, and 64% and 3.8 days of mortality and median lethal time, ... | 2009 | 19768273 |
| effect of neem (azadirchta indica) on serum glycoprotein contents of rats administered 1,2 dimethylhydrazine. | the present study was designed to investigate the effects of aqueous azadirchta indica leaf extract (aaile) on serum glycoprotein contents and tumor incidence rate in colon of rats subjected to dimethylhydrazine (dmh) treatment. forty rats were divided equally and randomly into four groups viz., group i (normal control), group ii (dmh-treated), group iii (aaile) and group iv (dmh + aaile treated). group ii and iv animals were injected subcutaneously every week with dmh (30 mg/kg b.wt.) for two d ... | 2009 | 19778220 |
| melanogenesis inhibitory, anti-inflammatory, and chemopreventive effects of limonoids from the seeds of azadirachta indicia a. juss. (neem). | thirty-one nortriterpenoids, including 28 limonoids (1-28) and 3 degraded limonoids (29-31), and one diterpenoid (32), were isolated from the seed extract of azadirachta indica (neem). among these, six were new compounds and their structures were established to be 15-hydroxyazadiradione (3), 7-benzoyl-17-hydroxynimbocinol (5), 23-deoxyazadironolide (12), limocin e (13), 23-epilimocin e (14), and 7alpha-acetoxy-3-oxoisocopala-1,13-dien-15-oic acid (32). upon evaluation of compounds 1-32 on the me ... | 2009 | 19844073 |
| larvicidal activity of neem oil (azadirachta indica) formulation against mosquitoes. | mosquitoes transmit serious human diseases, causing millions of deaths every year. use of synthetic insecticides to control vector mosquitoes has caused physiological resistance and adverse environmental effects in addition to high operational cost. insecticides of botanical origin have been reported as useful for control of mosquitoes. azadirachta indica (meliaceae) and its derived products have shown a variety of insecticidal properties. the present paper discusses the larvicidal activity of n ... | 2009 | 19500429 |
| chemoprevention of rat mammary carcinogenesis by azadirachta indica leaf fractions: modulation of hormone status, xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, oxidative stress, cell proliferation and apoptosis. | we evaluated the chemopreventive potential of the ethyl acetate fraction (eaf) and methanolic fraction (mf) of azadirachta indica (neem) leaf on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba)-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis. estradiol and estrogen receptor status, xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme activities, redox status, dna and protein modifications, and the expression of cell proliferation, and apoptosis related proteins in the mammary gland and liver were used as biomarkers of chemoprevention. admin ... | 2009 | 19427891 |
| apparent adverse reactions to neem (margosa) oil in cats. | 2009 | 19429937 | |
| acaricidal activity of four fractions and octadecanoic acid-tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diyl ester isolated from chloroform extracts of neem (azadirachta indica) oil against sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi larvae in vitro. | four fractions obtained from chloroform extracts of neem (azadirachta indica) oil by column chromatography were investigated for acaricidal activity against sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi larvae in vitro. octadecanoic acid-tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diyl ester was isolated from an active fraction of the chloroform extract and its toxicity against s. scabiei larvae was tested in vitro. a complementary log-log model was used to analyse the toxicity data. activity was found in the third fraction, with 10 ... | 2009 | 19443124 |
| antimicrobial efficacy of various disinfecting solutions in reducing the contamination of the toothbrush -- a comparative study. | contaminated toothbrushes may play a role in the transmission of local or systemic diseases. as modern dentistry emphasises prevention and infection control, toothbrushes should be correctly stored, disinfected and changed at regular intervals. | 2009 | 19583039 |
| supplemental control of lepidopterous pests on bt transgenic sweet corn with biologically-based spray treatments. | biologically-based spray treatments, including nucleopolyhedroviruses, neem, and spinosad, were evaluated as supplemental controls for the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith), and corn earworm, helicoverpa zea (boddie) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), on transgenic sweet corn, zea mays (l.) (poales: poaceae), expressing a cry1ab toxin from bacillus thuringiensis berliner (bacillales: bacillaceae) (bt). overall, transgenic corn supported lower densities of both pests than did nontransgeni ... | 2009 | 19611255 |
| innate immune response and disease resistance in carassius auratus by triherbal solvent extracts. | this study reports the effect of aqueous, ethanol and methanol triherbal solvent extract from azadirachta indica, ocimum sanctum and curcuma longa on innate immune mechanisms such as phagocytosis activity, respiratory burst activity, alternative complement activity and lysozyme activity and disease resistance in goldfish (carassius auratus) against aeromonas hydrophila. fish were intraperitoneally injected with different doses of 0, 5, 50 and 100 mg kg(-1) body weight of each triherbal solvent e ... | 2009 | 19616631 |
| mutagenic screening of some commonly used medicinal plants in nigeria. | the uses of medicinal plants have always been part of human culture. the world health organization estimates that up to 80% of the world's population relies on traditional medicinal system for some aspect of primary health care. however, there are few reports on the toxicological properties of most medicinal plants especially, their mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. therefore, this research is to determine the mutagenic potentials of morinda lucida [oruwo (root)], azadirachta indica [dongoyaro ( ... | 2009 | 19619631 |
| studies on the production of actinomycin-d by streptomyces griseoruber--a novel source. | to isolate and characterize bioactive metabolites produced by a micro-organism isolated from a soil sample associated with the roots of a medicinal plant, azadirachta indica. | 2009 | 19674292 |
| in vitro efficacy of byemite and mite-stop on developmental stages of the red chicken mite dermanyssus gallinae. | the present in vitro study shows the efficacy of two antimite products (byemite = phoxim, mite-stop = neem seed extract) against all developing stages of the important red chicken mite dermanyssus gallinae (obtained at two farms in france and germany). while permanent contact with the active compound led to an efficacy of 100% in the case of mite-stop on mites in both farms, there was only a 96.2% killing effect of byemite on the mites of the french farm. even short contacts of only 4 s killed 1 ... | 2009 | 19680689 |
| neem-tree (azadirachta indica juss.) extract as a feed additive against the american dog tick (dermacentor variabilis) in sheep (ovis aries). | acaricides can be conveyed to ticks via the blood of their hosts. as fruit and kernel extracts from the meliaceae family, and, in particular the tetranortriterpenoid azadirachtin (aza) inhibits tick egg production and embryogenesis in the ixodidae ticks, we investigated the effects of neem azal, an extract containing 43% aza, given as a feed additive to lambs artificially infested with engorging adult dermacentor vairiabilis ticks. after tick attachment, the lambs were allotted to three dietary ... | 2009 | 19716235 |
| neem leaf glycoprotein induces perforin-mediated tumor cell killing by t and nk cells through differential regulation of ifngamma signaling. | we have demonstrated augmentation of the cd3-cd56+ natural killer (nk) and cd8+cd56_ t-cell-mediated tumor cell cytotoxicity by neem leaf glycoprotein (nlgp). these nk and t cells were isolated from the peripheral blood of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients with a state of immunosuppression. nlgp induces tcralphabeta-associated cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) reaction to kill oral cancer (kb) cells. this ctl reaction is assisted by nlgp-mediated up-regulation of cd28 on t cells and hla- ... | 2009 | 19307993 |
| neem (azadirachta indica) leaf preparation prevents leukocyte apoptosis mediated by cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil treatment in swiss mice. | neem (azadirachta indica) is widely regarded as a wonder tree because of its diverse medicinal applications. we investigated the ability of neem leaf preparation (nlp) to protect against apoptosis of circulating blood cells induced by cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (cis + 5-fu) in carcinoma-bearing mice. | 2009 | 19346744 |
| [morphology of the alimentary canal of spodoptera frugiperda (j e smith) larvae (lepidoptera: noctuidae) fed on neem-treated leaves]. | research involving plants with insecticide activity evolved significantly in the last decades. among these plants, the neem tree, azadirachta indica, is commonly used against several insects, mainly lepidoptera. the neem efficiency depends on the target insect and on the concentration used. a barrier against potential toxic agents ingested together with the food is the alimentary canal. thus, this research aimed to describe the histology of the alimentary canal of spodoptera frugiperda (j e smit ... | 2009 | 19347100 |
| control of the mushroom phorid fly, megaselia halterata (wood), with plant extracts. | the most serious insect pest problems affecting the cultivation of mushroom [agaricus bisporus (lange) imbach] in turkey are mushroom flies (sciarids, cecids and phorids). mushroom phorid fly, megaselia halterata (wood), is the most common insect pest species during april-october. the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for eight botanical materials (two commercial neem-based products and six hot-water plant extracts) to control m. halterata populations in three successive growing pe ... | 2009 | 18937217 |
| endophytic actinomycetes from azadirachta indica a. juss.: isolation, diversity, and anti-microbial activity. | endophytic actinomycetes from azadirachta indica a. juss. were screened and evaluated for their anti-microbial activity against an array of pathogenic fungi and bacteria. a total of 55 separate isolates were obtained from 20 plants, and 60% of these showed inhibitory activity against one or more pathogenic fungi and bacteria. actinomycetes were most commonly recovered from roots (54.5% of all isolates), followed by stems (23.6%), and leaves (21.8%). the dominant genus was streptomyces (49.09% of ... | 2009 | 18853084 |
| assessment of antimalarial activity against plasmodium falciparum and phytochemical screening of some yemeni medicinal plants. | developing countries, where malaria is one of the most prevalent diseases, still rely on traditional medicine as a source for the treatment of this disease. in the present study, six selected plants (acalypha fruticosa, azadirachta indica, cissus rotundifolia, echium rauwalfii, dendrosicyos socotrana and boswellia elongata) commonly used in yemen by traditional healers for the treatment of malaria as well as other diseases, were collected from different localities of yemen, dried and extracted w ... | 2009 | 18955251 |
| quality evaluation of co-composted wheat straw, poultry droppings and oil seed cakes. | poultry droppings, neem cake, castor cake, jatropha cake and grass clippings were used separately as organic nitrogen additives to decrease the high c:n ratio of wheat straw. composting was carried out aerobically in presence of fungal consortium developed by including aspergillus awamori, aspergillus nidulans, trichoderma viride and phanerochaete chrysosporium. the degraded product was characterized to assess the technical viability of organic nitrogen supplements as well as fungal consortium i ... | 2009 | 19015937 |
| javanicin, an antibacterial naphthaquinone from an endophytic fungus of neem, chloridium sp. | the endophytic fungus chloridium sp. produces javanicin under liquid and solid media culture conditions. this highly functionalized naphthaquinone exhibits strong antibacterial activity against pseudomonas spp., representing pathogens to both humans and plants. the compound was crystallized and the structure was elucidated by x-ray crystallography. the x-ray structure confirms the previously elucidated structure of the compound that was done under standard spectroscopic methods. the importance o ... | 2009 | 19018591 |
| potential of azadirachta indica against salmonella typhimurium-induced inflammation in balb/c mice. | to evaluate the potential of azadirachta indica leaf extracts against salmonella typhimurium-induced inflammation in balb/c mice. | 2009 | 19127350 |
| hiv: a raft-targeting approach for prevention and therapy using plant-derived compounds (review). | it has been widely accepted that hiv-1 enters into and buds out from microdomains known as lipid rafts/caveolae of plasma membranes of infected cells. since lipid rafts are recognized sites for budding and entry of hiv-1, and since lipids in rafts (including composition/dynamic structure) play a crucial role in modulating the functions of raft-associated signaling proteins and receptors, it has been consistently shown that modulating the composition/structure of lipid rafts have influenced the l ... | 2009 | 19149536 |
| laboratory evaluation of the aqueous extract of azadirachta indica (neem) wood chippings on anopheles gambiae s.s. (diptera: culicidae) mosquitoes. | azadirachta indica a. juss (the neem tree), a source of limonoid insect growth regulatory (igrs), grows well in many places in sub-saharan africa. we explored the potential of neem wood and bark chippings in malaria vector control by evaluating their aqueous extracts as a larvicide and growth disruptor of anopheles gambiae s.s. (diptera: culicidae) under laboratory conditions. immature stages of the mosquito were tested using who guidelines. fifty percent inhibition of adult emergence (ie50) of ... | 2009 | 19198524 |
| expression of cytokines and respiratory burst activity of milk cells in response to azadirachta indica during bovine mastitis. | the immuno therapeutic potential of hydro-methanolic extract of azadirachta indica (a. indica) was studied during bovine clinical mastitis (cm). the somatic cell count (scc), total bacterial count (tbc), milk differential leukocyte count (dlc), hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)), superoxide anion (o(2) (-)) production and interleukin- 2 (il-2) and gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) cytokines expression were studied before and after intramammary infusion of a. indica extract in diseased cows. the results rev ... | 2009 | 18496763 |
| nimbolide a limonoid from azadirachta indica inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human choriocarcinoma (bewo) cells. | we investigated the cytotoxic effects of nimbolide, a limonoid present in leaves and flowers of the neem tree (azadirachta indica) on human choriocarcinoma (bewo) cells. treatment with nimbolide resulted in dose- and time-dependent inhibition of growth of bewo cells with ic(50) values of 2.01 and 1.19 microm for 7 and 24 h respectively, accompanied by downregulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen. examination of nuclear morphology revealed fragmentation and condensation indicating apoptos ... | 2009 | 18719855 |
| antibacterial activity of medicinal plants against pathogens causing complicated urinary tract infections. | seventeen indian folklore medicinal plants were investigated to evaluate antibacterial activity of aqueous, ethanol and acetone extracts against 66 multidrug resistant isolates of major urinary tract pathogens (escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterococcus faecalis) by disc diffusion method. ethanol extract of zingiber officinale and punica granatum showed strong antibacterial activity against escherichia coli. ethanol extracts of terminalia chebula and ocimum ... | 2009 | 20336211 |
| effect of neem leaf extract and neem oil on penicillium growth, sporulation, morphology and ochratoxin a production. | in vitro trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of azadirachtaindica (neem) extracts on mycelial growth, sporulation, morphology and ochratoxin a production by p. verrucosum and p. brevicompactum. the effect of neem oil extract from seeds and leaf was evaluated at 0.125; 0.25 and 0.5% and 6.25 and 12.5 mg/ml, respectively, in yeast extract sucrose (yes) medium. ochratoxin a production was evaluated by a thin-layer chromatography technique. oil extracts exhibited significant (p = 0.05) redu ... | 2009 | 22069528 |
| anti-juvenile activity of azadirachta indica extract on the development and morphometry of filaria vector, culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae) say. | efficacy of extracts of ageratum conyzoides, argemone mexicana, and azadirachta indica were tested against culex quinquefasciatus larvae. petroleum ether extracts of a. conyzoides and a. mexicana with lc(50) values 425.60 and 267.90 ppm and 140.15 and 137.70 ppm after a period of 24 and 48 h, respectively, were found effective. however, the methanol extract of a. indica with lc(50) values 21.95 and 11.30 ppm after 24 and 48 h of exposure, respectively, was the most competent larvicide. the metha ... | 2009 | 19562375 |
| gc-based analysis of insecticidal constituents of the flowers of azadirachta indica a. juss. | the present article describes the analysis of an n-hexane soluble fraction of fresh flowers of azadirachta indica a. juss (neem), possessing larvicidal activity against anopheles stephensi liston, a vector of malarial parasite. forty-one compounds were identified in non-polar to less-polar fraction as well as in essential oil. these identifications were basically made through gc-eims. thus 5 sesquiterpenes, 3 aromatics, 17 fatty acids, 5 fatty acid esters, three steroids and 8 hydrocarbons were ... | 2009 | 19235028 |
| are biopolymers potential deodourising agents in wound management? | to investigate the odour-adsorbing properties of biopolymers, with a view to using the findings to develop a novel dressing with odour-adsorbing properties. | 2009 | 19827482 |
| evaluation of the susceptibility of the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum, to a selection of novel biorational insecticides using an artificial diet. | an improved technique was developed to assay the toxicity of insecticides against aphids using an artificial diet. the susceptibility of the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum (harris) (hemiptera: aphidoidea) was determined for a selection of novel biorational insecticides, each representing a novel mode of action. flonicamid, a novel systemic insecticide with selective activity as feeding blocker against sucking insects, showed high toxicity against first-instar a. pisum nymphs with an lc(50) of 20. ... | 2009 | 20053120 |
| larvicidal & emergence inhibitory activities of neemazal t/s 1.2 per cent ec against vectors of malaria, filariasis & dengue. | vector control, using agents of chemical origin, continues to be practiced in the control of vector borne diseases. however, due to some drawbacks including lack of selectivity, environmental contamination, and emergence and spread of vector resistance, development of natural products for vector control has been a priority in this area. in the present study we evaluated the larvicidal and emergence inhibitory activities of a neem based formulation neem azal t/s 1.2 per cent ec against the vector ... | 2009 | 19797810 |
| susceptibility of aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus larvae to gedunin-related limonoids. | the major non-azadirachtin limonoids such as gedunin (1), epoxyazadiradione (3), nimbocinol (4), and nimolicinol (5) from azadirachta indica a. juss ('neem') and their derivatives were evaluated for their toxic action against fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti l. and culex quinquefasciatus say. gedunin exhibited 100% toxic action against both the mosquito larvae at 50 and 10 ppm. epoxyazadiradione and epoxynimolicinol also showed significant toxicities (> or =50%) against larvae of both mosqu ... | 2009 | 19551731 |
| variation of major limonoids in azadirachta indica fruits at different ripening stages and toxicity against aedes aegypti. | the azadirachtin, salannin, nimbin, deacetylnimbin, azadiradione and epoxyazadiradione contents were determined by hplc in the fractions prepared from the kernel of neem fruits (azadirachta indica) collected at different ripening stages. the fully mature fruit (yellow fruits) kernels contained the highest concentration of azadirachtin, nimbin and salannin, whereas the concentration of azadiradione (nc) and epoxyazadiradione (nl) was high in the unripe green berries. the toxicity of the fractions ... | 2009 | 19475987 |
| analysis of insecticidal azadirachta indica a. juss. fractions. | as a result of chemical investigation on the ethanolic extract of fresh fruit coatings of azadirachta indica a. juss. (neem), twenty-seven compounds were identified in non-polar to less polar fractions which showed pesticidal activity determined by who method against anopheles stephensi liston. these identifications were basically made through gc-eims and were further supported by other spectroscopic techniques, including 13c nmr, uv and ftir as well as retention indices. thus sixteen n-alkanes, ... | 2009 | 15018062 |
| [apate terebrans (pallas) (coleoptera: bostrychidae) attacking neem trees in brazil]. | this paper describes and records the attack of adults apate terebrans (pallas) to a neem plantation located in guarani, state of minas gerais, brazil, in march 2007. the damage was characterized by a hole in the trunk, from where the shot-hole-borer enters constructing tunnels and feeding on the wood. this is the first record of a. terebrans attacking neem trees in brazil. | 2009 | 19618065 |
| evaluation of azadirachta indica leaf fractions for in vitro antioxidant potential and protective effects against h2o2-induced oxidative damage to pbr322 dna and red blood cells. | we evaluated the protective effects of subfractions of the ethyl acetate fraction (eaf) and the methanolic fraction (mf) from the crude ethanolic extract (cee) of azadirachta indica a. juss (neem) leaves against various free radicals and hydrogen peroxide (h2o2)-induced oxidative damage to red blood cells (rbcs) and pbr322 dna. neem leaf fractions reduced dpph(*), abts(*+), superoxide (o(*-)), hydroxyl (oh(*)), and nitric oxide radicals to nonradical forms in a concentration-dependent manner. tr ... | 2009 | 19583256 |
| green synthesis of small silver nanoparticles using geraniol and its cytotoxicity against fibrosarcoma-wehi 164. | many reports have been published about the biogenesis of silver nanoparticles using several plant extracts such as pelargonium graveolens (p.graveolens- geranium) and azadirachta indica (neem) but the capacity of their natural reducing constituents to form silver nanoparticles has not yet been studied. in this research the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using geraniol has been investigated. we successfully synthesized uniformly dispersed silver nanoparticles with a uniform size and shape in t ... | 2009 | 23407598 |
| relative toxicity of neem fruit, bitter gourd, and castor seed extracts against the larvae of filaria vector, culex quinquefasciatus (say). | in search of a natural larvicide, petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride, and methanol extracts of azadirachta indica fruits and seed extracts of bitter gourd (momordica charantia) and castor (ricinus communis) were tested for larvicidal activity against culex quinquefasciatus. among the extracts tested, the methanol extract of az. indica was observed the most potent with lc(50) at 74.04 and 58.52 ppm and lc(-90) at 201.83 and 171.70 ppm as compared to methanol extract of m. charantia with lc(50) ... | 2009 | 19562373 |
| effect of extraction solvent/technique on the antioxidant activity of selected medicinal plant extracts. | theeffects of four extracting solvents [absolute ethanol, absolute methanol, aqueous ethanol (ethanol: water, 80:20 v/v) and aqueous methanol (methanol: water, 80:20 v/v)] and two extraction techniques (shaking and reflux) on the antioxidant activity of extracts of barks of azadirachta indica, acacia nilotica, eugenia jambolana, terminalia arjuna, leaves and roots of moringa oleifera, fruit of ficus religiosa,and leaves of aloe barbadensis were investigated. the tested plant materials contained ... | 2009 | 19553890 |
| toxicity and physiological effects of neem pesticides applied to rice on the nilaparvata lugens stål, the brown planthopper. | the effects of two different neem products (parker oil and neema) on mortality, food consumption and survival of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål (bph) (homoptera: delphacidae) were investigated. the lc(50) (3.45 ml/l for nymph and 4.42 ml/l for adult in parker oil treatment; 4.18 ml/l for nymph and 5.63 ml/l for adult in neema treatment) and lc(90) (8.72 ml/l for nymph and 11.1 ml/l for adult in parker oil treatment; 9.84 ml/l for nymph and 13.07 ml/l for adult in neema treatment) ... | 2009 | 19500844 |
| effect of pest controlling neem (azadirachta indica a. juss) and mata-raton (gliricidia sepium jacquin) leaf extracts on emission of green house gases and inorganic-n content in urea-amended soil. | extracts of neem (azadirachta indica a. juss.) and gliricidia sepium jacquin, locally known as 'mata-raton', are used to control pests of maize. their application, however, is known to affect soil microorganisms. we investigated if these extracts affected emissions of methane (ch4), carbon dioxide (co2) and nitrous oxide (n2o), important greenhouse gases, and dynamics of soil inorganic n. soil was treated with extracts of neem, mata-raton or lambda-cyhalothrin, used as chemical control. the soil ... | 2009 | 19427016 |
| the neem limonoids azadirachtin and nimbolide inhibit hamster cheek pouch carcinogenesis by modulating xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, dna damage, antioxidants, invasion and angiogenesis. | the neem tree has attracted considerable research attention as a rich source of limonoids that have potent antioxidant and anti-cancer properties. the present study was designed to evaluate the chemopreventive potential of the neem limonoids azadirachtin and nimbolide based on in vitro antioxidant assays and in vivo inhibitory effects on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba)-induced hamster buccal pouch (hbp) carcinogenesis. both azadirachtin and nimbolide exhibited concentration-dependent anti- ... | 2009 | 19391054 |
| nature helps: from research to products against blood-sucking arthropods. | today, there is a trend in research to return to plant extracts as remedies against endo- and ectoparasites. many daily appearing papers describe the efficacy of different plant extracts. however, the second step, to develop a product for the market (that could settle obvious needs), is in general not done. thus, many results will be forgotten soon and the work was done in vain. the present review shows in examples that very efficacious biocidal and repellent products were developed from extract ... | 2009 | 19774397 |
| effect of fruit and leaves of meliaceae plants (azadirachta indica and melia azedarach) on the development of lutzomyia longipalpis larvae (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) under experimental conditions. | this no-choice, laboratory study focuses on the feeding of dried, ground, homogeneous powdered, unprocessed fruit and leaves of azadirachta indica and melia azedarach to lutzomyia longipalpis larvae to determine the effects on their mortality and metamorphosis. a. indica and m. azedarach fruit and leaves significantly increased larval mortality in comparison to larvae fed the untreated, standard diet. a. indica fruit and leaves blocked the molting of the larvae to the fourth instar, resulting in ... | 2009 | 19769044 |
| azadirachta indica as a public health tool for the control of malaria & other vector-borne diseases. | 2009 | 19797806 | |
| effect of azadirachtin of neemix-4.5 on swr/j mice. | inbred normal swr/j male and female mice, 8-10 weeks old and weighing 22.55-26.72 g, were used throughout the study. a total of 100 males and 100 females were used and were divided into 20 groups, 10 animals in each group. azadirachtin of neemix-4.5, a commercial botanical pesticide derived from the neem tree, orally administered to male and female swr/j mice at a dose level 9.0 mg/kg (1/10 ld50) for different treatment periods (2, 4, 6, 8 or 11.5 weeks) has produced signs of toxicity, mortality ... | 2009 | 23961045 |
| gedunin, a novel natural substance, inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation. | the discovery of more active therapeutic compounds is essential if the outcome for patients with advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer is to be improved. gedunin, an extract of the neem tree, has been used as a natural remedy for centuries in asia. recently, gedunin has been shown to have potential in vitro antineoplastic properties; however, its effect on ovarian cancer cells is unknown. we evaluated the in vitro effect of gedunin on skov3, ovcar4, and ovcar8 ovarian cancer cell lines prolif ... | 2009 | 19955938 |
| margosa (kohomba) oil induced toxic encephalopathy following home remedy for intestinal worms. | 2009 | 20052860 | |
| azadirachta indica leaf powder as a biosorbent for ni(ii) in aqueous medium. | azadirachta indica leaves are converted to a fine powder for use as a biosorbent for the removal of metal ions in aqueous solution. in this work, the adsorptive interactions between ni(ii) and the powder were studied under a variety of conditions involving variations in ph, ni(ii) concentration, biosorbent amount, interaction time and temperature, all in single batch processes. the experimental data have been interpreted on the basis of existing mathematical models of equilibrium kinetics and th ... | 2009 | 19008041 |
| neem leaf glycoprotein directs t-bet-associated type 1 immune commitment. | neem leaf glycoprotein (nlgp)-mediated immune activation and associated immune polarization was studied. nlgp-induced activation is reflected in upregulation of early activation marker cd69 on lymphocytes, monocytes, and dendritic cells. activation is also denoted by cd45ro enhancement, with a decrease in cd45ra phenotype and cd62l (l-selectin). nlgp-activated t cells secrete greater amount of signature t-helper (th)1 cytokines interferon-gamma and a lower amount of the th2 cytokine interleukin ... | 2009 | 18983881 |
| assessment of knowledge and usage custom of traditional insect/mosquito repellent plants in addis zemen town, south gonder, north western ethiopia. | a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out to assess the knowledge and usage custom of traditional insect/mosquitoes repellent plants among the inhabitants in addis zemen town, ethiopia. | 2009 | 18977426 |
| removal of remazol blue rr dye from aqueous solutions with neem leaves and evaluation of their acute toxicity with daphnia magna. | the removal of dyes present in industrial effluent has received great attention in the past few years. this is partly due to increasing environmental awareness and the implementation of ever stricter environmental rules. however, some treatments for color removal from these effluents do not guarantee the absence of other secondary toxic substances, often originating from the treatment process itself. the aim of this study is to evaluate the toxicity level of the adsorbent neem, used in adsorptio ... | 2009 | 18976858 |
| reclamation of tannery polluted soil through phytoremediation. | the huge volume of sludge emanating from the tannery effluent treatment plants poses a serious environmental problem. phytoremediation is an emerging technology in which the plants are employed to reclamate the contaminated soil strewn with heavy metals (metalloids) and toxic compounds. this work focuses the impact of application of tannery sludge on biochemical properties of 6 months old tree saplings of azadirachta indica a. juss. (neem), melia azedarach linn. (wild neem) and leucaena leucocep ... | 2009 | 23572927 |
| persistence of two neem formulations on peach leaves and fruit: effect of the distribution. | persistence of azadirachtins (a+b) and of the other limonoids (nimbin, salannin, deacetylnimbin, and deacetylsalannin) on peach leaves and fruits was studied using a commercial formulation (form. c) compared with an experimental formulation (form. e) prepared with coformulations allowed in organic culture. field experiments were carried out using three concentrations: 1x, 5x, and 10x the dose recommended by the manufacturer. the eu maximum residue level (mrl) in fruits and vegetables for azadira ... | 2009 | 19292469 |
| induction of type 1 cytokines during neem leaf glycoprotein assisted carcinoembryonic antigen vaccination is associated with nitric oxide production. | involvement of the nitric oxide (no) release in ceam phi nlgp (carcinoembryonic antigen pulsed macrophages with neem leaf glycoprotein) vaccination and its relationship with vaccine induced type 1 immune response were aimed to study in the present communication. vaccination with ceam phi nlgp resulted in macrophage activation as evidenced by its increased number and expression of cd69 marker. activated macrophages demonstrated upregulation in synthesis of il-12 and downregulation in il-10, along ... | 2009 | 19285575 |
| removal of malachite green from dye wastewater using neem sawdust by adsorption. | neem sawdust (azadirachta indica) was used as an adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from an aqueous solution. the studies were carried out under various experimental conditions such as agitation time, dye concentration, adsorption dose, ph and temperature to assess the potentiality of neem sawdust for the removal of malachite green dye from wastewater. a greater percentage of dye removal was observed with decrease in the initial concentration of dye and increase in amount of adsorb ... | 2009 | 19268452 |
| two new solanapyrone analogues from the endophytic fungus nigrospora sp. yb-141 of azadirachta indica. | two new solanapyrone analogues, solanapyrones n and o (1 and 2, resp.), and three known compounds, solanapyrone c (3), nigrosporalactone (4), and phomalactone (5), were isolated from the fermentation culture of nigrospora sp. yb-141, an endophytic fungus isolated from azadirachta indica a. juss. the structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. the antifungal activities of 1-5 towards seven phytopathogenic fungi were tested. most of the compounds exhibit ... | 2009 | 19180457 |
| the use of neem for controlling gastric hyperacidity and ulcer. | h(2)-receptor blockers and proton pump inhibitors are now used extensively to control gastric and duodenal ulcer, inflammation and pain, but these drugs have limitations and are not always affordable. the development of novel nontoxic antiulcer drugs, including from medicinal plants, is therefore desirable, and azadirachta indica a. juss, commonly known as neem, is known to have potent gastroprotective and antiulcer effects. this review deals with the pharmacological and biochemical studies carr ... | 2009 | 19140119 |
| differential cytotoxicity of mex: a component of neem oil whose action is exerted at the cell membrane level. | neem oil is obtained from the seeds of the tree azadirachta indica. its chemical composition is very complex, being rich in terpenoids and limonoids, as well as volatile sulphur modified compounds. this work focused on the evaluation of a component of the whole neem oil obtained by methanolic extraction and defined as mex. cytotoxicity was assessed on two different cell populations: a stabilized murine fibroblast line (3t6) and a tumor cell line (hela). the data presented here suggest a differen ... | 2008 | 19127242 |
| the azadirachtin story. | azadirachtin has been the subject of intensive research within the scientific community ever since its isolation from the neem tree in 1968. there are now over 1000 publications relating to this natural product which cover all aspects of structural, biological and synthetic studies. herein, we describe the worldwide synthesis efforts towards this fascinating molecule. | 2008 | 19031481 |
| removal of fluoride by thermally activated carbon prepared from neem (azadirachta indica) and kikar (acacia arabica) leaves. | the present investigation deals with fluoride removal from aqueous solution by thermally activated neem (azadirachta indica) leaves carbon (anc) and thermally activated kikar (acacia arabica) leaves carbon (akc) adsorbents. in this study neem leaves carbon and kikar leaves carbon prepared by heating the leaves at 400 degrees c in electric furnace was found to be useful for the removal of fluoride. the adsorbents of 0.3 mm and 1.0 mm sizes of neem and kikar leaves carbon was prepared by standard ... | 2008 | 18831380 |
| gedunin, a novel hsp90 inhibitor: semisynthesis of derivatives and preliminary structure-activity relationships. | gedunin (1), a tetranortriterpenoid isolated from the indian neem tree ( azadirachta indica), was recently shown to manifest anticancer activity via inhibition of the 90 kda heat shock protein (hsp90) folding machinery and to induce the degradation of hsp90-dependent client proteins similar to other hsp90 inhibitors. the mechanism of action by which gedunin induces client protein degradation remains undetermined, however, prior studies have demonstrated that it does not bind competitively versus ... | 2008 | 18816111 |
| spermicidal agents. | in recent years, there is a development of vaginal contraceptives incorporating potent spermicides. many compounds with different pharmacological activity have been evaluated in vitro for their spermicidal activity. drugs such as surfaceactive agents (synthetic and natural), ionophores, antiliquefying agents, antimicrobial agents and miscellaneous agents such as gossypol, azadirachta indica, vanadocenes have all been demonstrated to possess good spermicidal activity. nonoxynol is the only spermi ... | 2008 | 22504630 |
| isolation of a snake venom phospholipase a2 (pla2) inhibitor (aiplai) from leaves of azadirachta indica (neem): mechanism of pla2 inhibition by aiplai in vitro condition. | a compound (aiplai (azadirachta indica pla(2) inhibitor)) purified from the methanolic leaf extract of a. indica (neem) inhibits the cobra and russell's viper venoms (rvvs) phospholipase a(2) enzymes in a dose-dependent manner. inhibition of catalytic and tested pharmacological properties of cobra venom (naja naja and naja kaouthia) pla(2) enzymes by aiplai is significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to the inhibition of pla(2) enzymes of crude rvv (daboia russelli) when tested under the same cond ... | 2008 | 18466944 |
| evaluation of azadirachta indica leaf fractions for in vitro antioxidant potential and in vivo modulation of biomarkers of chemoprevention in the hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis model. | we evaluated the chemopreventive potential of azadirachta indica (neem) leaf fractions based on in vitro antioxidant assays, and in vivo inhibitory effects on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba)-induced hamster buccal pouch (hbp) carcinogenesis. in addition we also identified the major constituents in neem leaf fractions by hplc. analysis of the free radical scavenging activities and reducing potential of crude ethanolic extract (cee), ethyl acetate fraction (eaf) and methanolic fraction (mf) ... | 2008 | 18442880 |
| a simple and selective method for the measurement of azadirachtin and related azadirachtoid levels in fruits and vegetables using liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. | neem-based insecticides containing azadirachtin and related azadirachtoids are widely used in agriculture. here, we report an analytical method for the rapid and accurate quantification of the insecticide azadirachtin a and b and other azadirachtoids such as salannin, nimbin, and their deacetylated analogues on tomatoes and peaches. azadirachtoids were extracted from fruits and vegetables with acetonitrile. using high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrom ... | 2008 | 18407653 |
| production of biopesticides in an in situ cell retention bioreactor. | the seeds of azadirachta indica contain azadirachtin and other limonoids, which can be used as a biopesticide for crop protection. significant variability and availability of seed only in arid zones has triggered biotechnological production of biopesticides to cope up with its huge requirement. batch cultivation of a. indica suspension culture was carried out in statistically optimized media (25.0 g/l glucose, 5.7 g/l nitrate, 0.094 g/l phosphate and 5 g/l inoculum) in 3 l stirred tank bioreacto ... | 2008 | 18392561 |
| effect of various mouthwashes on the levels of interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma in chronic gingivitis. | the aim of this double blind study was to evaluate the effect of various mouthwashes: chlorhexidine, essential oil, azadirachta indica (neem) extract, and povidone iodine on gingival tissue interleukin-2 (il-2) and interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) levels in patients with chronic gingivitis. a total of 8o patients (42 boys, 38 girls; mean age 16.0 +/- 1.8 years) were included in this study. patients were randomly assigned into four groups of 20 each: group i--azadirachta indica (neem) extract, group ... | 2008 | 18389675 |
| in vitro production of azadirachtin from cell suspension cultures of azadirachta indica. | the present study aimed to elucidate the effect of nutritional alteration on biomass content and azadirachtin production in cell suspensions of the elite neem variety crida-8. variations in total nitrogen availability in the medium in terms of different ratios of nitrate: ammonium showed that the ratio 4:1 revealed a profound effect, leading to a 1.5-fold increase in the total extracellular azadirachtin production (5.59 mg/l) over the standard ms medium. reduction in sucrose (15 mg/l) in the med ... | 2008 | 18376076 |
| ten-membered lactones from phomopsis sp., an endophytic fungus of azadirachta indica. | four new 10-membered lactones ( 1- 4) and one known one ( 5) were isolated from the broth extract of an endophytic fungus, phomopsis sp., obtained from the stem of azadirachta indica. their structures were assigned by analysis of spectroscopic data, and the structures of 1 and 4 were also confirmed by x-ray analysis. compounds 1- 5 were tested for antifungal activity against several plant pathogens. compound 4 demonstrated antifungal activity in the mic value range 31.25-500 microg/ml. | 2008 | 18336005 |
| the use of neem biomass for the biosorption of zinc from aqueous solutions. | an adsorbent was developed from mature leaves and stem bark of the neem (azadirachta indica) tree for removing zinc from water. adsorption was carried out in a batch process with several different concentrations of zinc by varying ph. the uptake of metal was very fast initially, but gradually slowed down indicating penetration into the interior of the adsorbent particles. the data showed that optimum ph for efficient biosorption of zinc by neem leaves and stem bark was 4 and 5, respectively. the ... | 2008 | 18289783 |
| neem oil poisoning. | we report an unusual case of neem oil poisoning in a previously normal 5 year old child. the child presented with refractory seizures and was having metabolic acidosis. late neurological sequelae in the form of auditory and visual disturbances, and ataxia were present. | 2008 | 18250509 |
| effect of azadirachtin on acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity and histology of the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål). | the effect of azadirachtin (aza), a tetranortriterpene from neem, on the mortality, acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity, and the development of the ovaries of female brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål) was tested in laboratory experiments. the lethal concentrations were determined and applied topically to the adult female bph (lc(50)=0.47 ppm and lc(90)=0.96 ppm). the treated insects exhibited toxic symptoms with a dose-dependent mortality. the lc(50) concentrations were tested a ... | 2008 | 17765967 |
| biosorption of zinc from aqueous solution using azadirachta indica bark: equilibrium and kinetic studies. | the removal of zinc ions from aqueous solutions on the biomass of azadirachta indica bark has been studied by using batch adsorption technique. the biosorption studies were determined as a function of contact time, ph, initial metal ion concentration, average biosorbent size and biosorbent dosage. the equilibrium metal uptake was increased and percentage biosorption was decreased with an increase in the initial concentration and particle size of biosorbent. the maximum zinc biosorption occurred ... | 2008 | 17681426 |
| neem (azadirachta indica) seed kernel powder retards urease and nitrification activities in different soils at contrasting moisture and temperature regimes. | a laboratory experiment was conducted to examine the potentiality of a natural resource neem (azadirachta indica) seed kernel powder (nskp) to reduce the urease and nitrification activities in different soils (viz., normal, acid, and sodic) at contrasting moisture (1:1 soil to water and field capacity) and temperature regimes (10 degrees c and 37 degrees c). results have revealed that application of nskp with urea did not exhibit any urease inhibitory property in normal and sodic soils, but in a ... | 2008 | 17360179 |
| larvicidal activity of neem and karanja oil cakes against mosquito vectors, culex quinquefasciatus (say), aedes aegypti (l.) and anopheles stephensi (l.). | larvicidal effect of neem (azadirachta indica) and karanja (pongamia glabra) oil cakes (individuals and combination) was studied against mosquito species. both the oil cakes showed larvicidal activity against the mosquito species tested. the combination of neem and karanja oil cakes in equal proportion proved to have better effect than the individual treatments. the combination of the two oil cakes recorded an lc95 of 0.93, 0.54 and 0.77% against the mosquitoes, culex quinquefasciatus, aedes aeg ... | 2008 | 18831329 |
| properties and potential of natural pesticides from the neem tree, azadirachta indica. | 2008 | 2405771 | |
| azadirachta indica modulates carcinogen biotransformation and reduced glutathione at peri-initiation phase of benzo(a)pyrene induced murine forestomach tumorigenesis. | the present study evaluated the effects of aqueous azadirachta indica leaf extract (aaile) on the activities of certain phase i (cytochrome p450, cytochrome b(5) and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase) as well as phase ii (glutathione-s-transferase and udp-glucuronosyl transferase) biotransformation enzymes; and reduced glutathione (gsh) (in forestomach and hepatic tissues) during/after intra-gastric instillations of b(a)p in murine forestomach tumorigenesis bioassay protocol. the activities of phase ... | 2008 | 18729244 |
| acaricidal activity of extracts of neem (azadirachta indica) oil against the larvae of the rabbit mite sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi in vitro. | the acaricidal activity of the petroleum ether extract, the chloroform extract and the acetic ether extract of neem (azadirachta indica) oil against sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi larvae was tested in vitro. a complementary log-log (cll) model was used to analyze the data of the toxicity tests. the results showed that at all test time points, the petroleum ether extract demonstrated the highest activity against the larvae of s. scabiei var. cuniculi, while the activities of the chloroform extra ... | 2008 | 18752898 |
| efficacy of azadirachta indica extracts against boophilus microplus. | extracts were prepared from leaf, bark, and seed of azadirachta indica, leaf and seed of prunus persica, bark of mangifera indica, and leaf of psidium guajava and were evaluated against boophilus microplus. of the eight extracts screened, the extracts prepared from the a. indica seed showed very high level of efficacy (80%) after 5 h of treatment. besides the immediate effect on adult ticks, the egg-laying properties of the survived ticks was also assessed, and a significant reduction (p < 0.01) ... | 2008 | 18769940 |
| neem seed extract shampoo, wash away louse, an effective plant agent against sarcoptes scabiei mites infesting dogs in egypt. | in the present study, the efficacy of water-free neem seed extract shampoo wash away louse, provided by alpha-biocare gmbh, düsseldorf (germany), was investigated against sarcoptes scabiei infesting dogs in egypt. ten naturally infested dogs were collected from different areas in the nile delta. the occurrence of lesions, hair loss, and skin inflammation were regarded as signs of infestation and proved by detection of adult parasites and their developmental stages in scrapings of infested lesion ... | 2008 | 18769941 |
| antioxidant, antihypertensive, and antibacterial properties of endophytic pestalotiopsis species from medicinal plants. | pestalotiopsis species were most dominant endophytic species isolated from four medicinal plants including terminalia arjuna, terminalia chebula, azadirachta indica, and holarrhena antidysenterica. thirty pestalotiopsis species isolated from different parts of the medicinal plants were selected for the study. the antioxidant and antihypertensive properties of pestalotiopsis isolates were determined by measuring 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl inhibitory activity, lipid peroxidation, and angiotensi ... | 2008 | 18772940 |
| effect of indian herbal hypoglycemic agents on antioxidant capacity and trace elements content in diabetic rats. | in the present investigation we report the protective potential of some herbal hypoglycemic agents on antioxidant status and levels of metal ions in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. furthermore, in vitro antioxidant activity of the herbs was also evaluated. induction of diabetes mellitus in rats caused an increase in blood lipid peroxide levels that was associated with the reduced activity of red blood cell (rbc) antioxidant enzymes--namely, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reduc ... | 2008 | 18800899 |