Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted descending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
seroprevalence of neospora caninum in free living and farmed red deer (cervus elaphus) in poland.serum samples from 47 free living and 106 farmed red deer (cervus elaphus) from the mazurian lake district in north-east poland were investigated for the presence of antibodies to neospora caninum. a modified neospora iscom-elisa was used for initial screening. all sera with optical density (od) values exceeding 0.400 absorbance units were further investigated by western blot analysis. eighteen sera were positive in both tests. six of these were from free living and 12 from farmed animals giving ...201021077439
prevalence of antibodies against neospora caninum in dogs from urban areas in central poland.neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite which causes abortion in cattle as well as reproduction problems and neurological disorders in dogs. to assess the prevalence of the parasite in urban dogs in the mazovian voivodeship, central poland, serum samples from 257 dogs were analyzed for the presence of specific igg antibodies. the examined dogs visited three private veterinary clinics located in warsaw due to control tests, vaccinations, or other reasons not directly connected with neosporosis. ...201021079995
development of an immunochromatographic strip for the rapid detection of toxoplasma gondii circulating antigens.we developed a rapid immunochromatographic strip (ics) procedure that can detect circulating antigens in the blood of animals during the acute stage of toxoplasmosis. the aim of this study was to evaluate this test using sera from field samples and from experimentally infected animals. the sensitivity and specificity of the ics were compared with those of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). both assays detected circulating antigens in the sera of animals experimentally infected with th ...201021081174
detection of specific antibodies anti-neospora caninum in the fallow deer (dama dama).sera from 335 farmed fallow deer (dama dama) at the breeding station in kosewo górne in the mazurian lake district, north-east poland, were investigated for the presence of antibodies against neospora caninum. the distribution of age groups was as follow: >4years - 154 animals; 2years - 76 animals; 1year - 105 animals. ten sera with the optical density exceeding 0.159 absorbance units (i.e., cut-off value) in elisa test were also analyzed by western blot. western blot analysis revealed seroreact ...201021087781
prevalence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in moose (alces alces) and roe deer (capreolus capreolus) in sweden.toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum are two coccidian parasites with a worldwide distribution. t. gondii is one of the more common parasitic zoonoses in the world and in young children and immunocompromised persons, infection can lead to severe disease and death. n. caninum is an important cause of abortions in cattle. wildlife have been identified as reservoirs and transmitters for both parasites. the purpose of this study was to investigate the seroprevalences of t. gondii, and n. caninum i ...201021232869
experimental infection of dogs (canis familiaris) with sporulated oocysts of neospora caninum.neospora caninum is widely distributed in the world and this parasite is one of the major causes of abortion in cattle. dogs and coyotes are definitive hosts of n. caninum and several species of domestic and wild animals are intermediate hosts. dogs can become infected by the ingestion of tissues containing cysts and then excrete oocysts. it is not yet known whether sporulated oocysts are able to induce a patent infection in dogs, i.e. a shedding of n. caninum oocysts in feces. the objective of ...201021094584
neospora caninum seroprevalence in dairy and beef cattle from the northwest region of spain, galicia.herd and individual animal seroprevalence for neospora caninum (n. caninum) in dairy, beef and mixed cattle were obtained in all populations within the galician farmer sanitary defence associations (adsg) in 2004. all animals ≥1 year of age were examined serologically by indirect elisa. 1147 dairy herds (37,090 animals), 1464 beef herds (20,206 animals) and 141 mixed herds (2292 animals) were surveyed. true herd seroprevalence was estimated to be 80.6% (87.7% dairy, 76.7% beef and 78.4% mixed he ...201021145605
development of an indirect elisa-ncsrs2 for detection of neospora caninum antibodies in cattle.neosporosis is of alarming economic concern in the cattle industry. the effectiveness of diagnostic tests for detecting specific antibodies against neospora caninum is hampered by potential cross-reaction with other coccidia. use of a single specific antigen might improve test specificity. an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed using the truncated protein ncsrs2 expressed in escherichia coli. the elisa results were compared with those of the indirect fluorescence ant ...201021168278
tunicamycins, a class of nucleoside antibiotics similar to corynetoxins of the rathayibacter toxicus, increase susceptibility of mice to neospora caninum.neosporosis is the leading cause of abortion in cattle. neospora caninum-associated abortion may exhibit both endemic and epidemic patterns. it was reported that the epidemic outbreaks took place in the form of "abortion storms" and were not significantly correlated with seasonal changes or consumption of any particular feeds; and thus, the mechanisms by which the epidemic "abortion storms" are triggered remain unclear. annual ryegrass toxicity (argt) is a severe or fatal neurological disorder o ...201021168974
evidence of congenital transmission of neospora caninum in naturally infected water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) fetus from brazil.the aim of this study was to determine the congenital infection by neospora caninum in the water buffalo (bubalus bubalis), a natural intermediate host. nine pregnant water buffalos, raised under free-grazing condition, were slaughtered, and their fetuses were collected. samples of brain and thoracic fluid were obtained from those fetuses, with gestational ages ranging from 2 to 5 months. the dna of n. caninum was detected and identified in the brain of one of those fetuses, using two pcr assays ...201021181191
influence of culture medium ph on internalization, growth and phenotypic plasticity of neospora caninum.neospora caninum, a strictly intracellular protozoan, is a major leading cause of parasite-induced abortion in cattle. a widely held view of n. caninum infection is that both cellular proliferation and stage interconversion (tachyzoite-bradyzoite transformation) are triggered, perhaps even modulated by, changes in cultural conditions. this study tested the hypothesis that exposure of n. caninum tachyzoites to different ph culture media affects the parasite's entry, proliferation and cyst formati ...201021185654
different humoral mechanisms against neospora caninum infection in purebreed and crossbreed beef/dairy cattle pregnancies.the antigen-specific igg subclass response may be a convenient indicator of the underlying nature of t helper cell regulation. the aim of the present study was to identify possible differences in neospora caninum-specific total plasma igg, igg1 and igg2 antibody levels in purebreed and crossbreed pregnancies throughout gestation in beef and dairy cattle chronically infected with n. caninum. comparisons were also made between aborting and non-aborting dams. the population examined comprised 96 pr ...201021216103
immune response to neospora caninum native antigens formulated with immune stimulating complexes in calves.the aim of this study was to compare the immune responses to live neospora caninum tachyzoites and n. caninum native antigens formulated with immune stimulating complexes matrix (iscom-matrix) in calves. fifteen calves were used in this study: 3 were intravenously inoculated with 1 × 10(8) live tachyzoites (group a), 3 were inoculated twice with n. caninum native antigens formulated with iscoms (group b); 3 with n. caninum native antigens in phosphate-buffered saline (pbs) (group c); 3 received ...201021074325
neospora caninum: evaluation of vertical transmission in slaughtered beef cows (bos indicus).neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite that causes the most important reproductive problems in cattle worldwide. the objective of this study was to evaluate the possibility of vertical transmission of n. caninum in zebus breed beef cows (bos indicus) submitted for slaughter at an abattoir in the northern region of the state of paraná, southern brazil. one hundred and fifty-nine cows were evaluated: 83 pregnant (in different stages of gestation) and 76 non-pregnant. serum determination of n. ca ...201021063729
influence of adjuvant and antigen dose on protection induced by an inactivated whole vaccine against neospora caninum infection in mice.in this study, the protection afforded by a neospora caninum inactivated vaccine formulated with three different adjuvants (water-in-oil emulsion, aluminum hydroxide with cpg oligodeoxynucleotides and aluminum hydroxide with ginseng extract) and three different parasite doses (10(5), 5 × 10(5) or 10(6) inactivated whole tachyzoites) was evaluated using a mouse model. mice were immunized subcutaneously twice at three-week intervals with inactivated nc-spain 1h tachyzoites and challenged by intrap ...201021067865
identification of neospora caninum proteins regulated during the differentiation process from tachyzoite to bradyzoite stage by dige.identification of differentially expressed proteins during neospora caninum tachyzoite-bradyzoite conversion processes may lead to a better knowledge of the pathogenic mechanisms developed by this important parasite of cattle. in the present work, a differential expression proteomic study of tachyzoite and bradyzoite stages was accomplished for the first time by applying dige technology coupled with ms analysis. up to 72 differentially expressed spots were visualized (1.5-fold in relative abunda ...201020162558
the first report of ovine cerebral neosporosis and evaluation of neospora caninum prevalence in sheep in new south wales.presence of neospora caninum dna was detected in the brain and spinal cord of an adult merino sheep suspected of dying with acute non-suppurative meningoencephalitis and mild to moderate non-suppurative myelitis. the most severe neurological lesions were found in the midbrain at the rostral coliculi with moderate to severe multifocal vasculitis and gliosis. as this was the first known occurrence of cerebral disease in sheep in australia caused by n. caninum, we surveyed sera from five sheep prop ...201020189309
neospora caninum: cloning and expression of a gene coding for cytokine-inducing profilin.profilins are actin-binding proteins that in toxoplasma gondii stimulate innate immunity in mice by binding toll-like receptors (tlr) on dendritic cells (dc) leading to release of inflammatory cytokines, primarily il-12 and ifn-gamma. the purpose of the present study was to characterize neospora caninum profilin, termed ncprofilin. recombinant ncprofilin was purified by affinity chromatography, and used to prepare specific antisera to allow characterization of native ncprofilin antigen in n. can ...201020211619
the prevalence and spatial clustering of neospora caninum in dairy herds in norway.the aims of this study were to estimate the national herd prevalence and the general spatial distribution of neospora caninum infection in norwegian dairy cattle. bulk milk samples from 1657 randomly selected dairy herds were analysed by iscom elisa for the presence of n. caninum specific antibodies. the national herd prevalence was estimated to be 0.7% (95% ci: 0.3-1.2%), which is the lowest national herd prevalence reported in europe. in addition, we included a subpopulation study in which all ...201020227188
neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii antibodies in european brown hares in the czech republic, slovakia and austria.european brown hares (lepus europaeus) coming from the czech republic, slovakia and austria were tested for serum antibodies against neospora caninum by a competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and for serum antibodies against toxoplasma gondii by an indirect fluorescent antibody test. in a total of 925 samples, 280 (30%) and 132 (14%) reacted positively for n. caninum and t. gondii antibodies, respectively. out of 333 hares in the czech republic, 129 (39%) and 71 (21%) reacted ...201020347525
a4d12 monoclonal antibody recognizes a new linear epitope from sag2a toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites, identified by phage display bioselection.toxoplasma gondii surface is coated by closely related antigens that belong to srs (sag-1 related sequences) superfamily. two tachyzoite-specific srs antigens, sag1 and sag2, are immunodominant proteins that apparently modulate the virulence of infection by inducing the host immune response against tachyzoites during the acute phase. in this study, we described a conformationally insensitive monoclonal antibody (a4d12mab) that recognizes a linear epitope shared by two isoforms of p22 that is exp ...201019261354
some factors affecting the abortion rate in dairy herds with high incidence of neospora-associated abortions are different in cows and heifers.the aim of this study was to determine if the factors affecting the abortion rate in dairy herds with high incidence of neospora-associated abortions are different in pregnancies of cows and heifers chronically infected with neospora caninum. in heifers (n = 229), an increase in the cumulative number of days with a mean relative humidity (rh) lower than 60% during the second trimester of gestation increases the risk of abortion. yet, the likelihood of abortion was 7.6 times lower for pregnant he ...201019210662
seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in wild and domestic ruminants sharing pastures in galicia (northwest spain).the prevalence of antibodies to the protozoan parasites toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum were investigated by the direct agglutination test (dat) and celisa, respectively, in 160 roe deer (capreolus capreolus), 177 sheep and 178 cattle sharing pastures in galicia (northwest spain). the seroprevalence for t. gondii was 13.7% in roe deer, 57% in sheep and 7.3% in cattle. the seroprevalence for n. canimum was 6.8%, 10.1% and 24.1% in roe deer, sheep and cattle, respectively. statistically sig ...201019482324
seroprevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum in bos javanicus ('bali cattle') from indonesia.a cross-sectional survey was performed to obtain first information on the presence of neospora caninum infection in bos javanicus ('bali cattle'), the predominant beef cattle in the eastern islands of indonesia. serum samples were collected from 438 bali cattle of two age classes (<2 years, >2 years) and both genders at three slaughterhouses in the bali island, and examined for n. caninum-specific antibodies using native ncsrs2 (p38 antigen) as an elisa antigen. the estimated overall seroprevale ...201019533406
risk factors associated with neospora caninum seropositivity in sheep from the state of alagoas, in the northeast region of brazil.the aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with neospora caninum seropositivity in sheep from the state of alagoas, in the northeast region of brazil. twenty-six herds were selected, and blood samples were collected from 343 animals > 6-mo-old. the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) was used for serological diagnosis of n. caninum infection. epidemiological questionnaires were applied for each herd to identify the risk factors associated with infection. thirty-three (9. ...201019799489
a second generation multiplex pcr for typing strains of neospora caninum using six dna targets.genetic diversity of neospora caninum was investigated through a study of repetitive sequences found in the genome of this species. twenty different loci were studied, and three were identified that varied in repeat content amongst isolates. no relationship was found between the copy number of repetitive sequences present and host type or geographical location from which the isolates were derived. a multiplex pcr assay was developed for multilocus-strain typing using three microsatellites and th ...201019683051
intraperitoneal and intra-nasal vaccination of mice with three distinct recombinant neospora caninum antigens results in differential effects with regard to protection against experimental challenge with neospora caninum tachyzoites.recombinant ncpdi(recncpdi), ncrop2(recncrop2), and ncmag1(recncmag1) were expressed in escherichia coli and purified, and evaluated as potential vaccine candidates by employing the c57bl/6 mouse cerebral infection model. intraperitoneal application of these proteins suspended in saponin adjuvants lead to protection against disease in 50% and 70% of mice vaccinated with recncmag1 and recncrop2, respectively, while only 20% of mice vaccinated with recncpdi remained without clinical signs. in cont ...201019835644
plasmacytoid and conventional dendritic cells are early producers of il-12 in neospora caninum-infected mice.neospora caninum is a coccidian parasite causative of clinical infections in a wide range of animal hosts. the maturation and activation of splenic conventional dendritic cells (cdcs) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pdcs) were studied here in balb/c mice challenged intraperitoneal with n. caninum tachyzoites. the number of cdcs was found to decrease in the spleen of the infected mice 12 h and 2 days after the parasitic challenge, whereas at day 5 after infection it was significantly above that ...201019755980
histopathological and clinical investigations in neospora caninum experimentally infected broiler chicken embryonated eggs.to date, despite the limited information about the role of birds in neospora caninum infection, there are no reports regarding the role of broiler chickens. in the present study, an experimental infection with n. caninum nc-1 isolate was conducted in embryonated eggs from 70 lohman broiler chickens randomly divided into seven equal groups. at 8 days of incubation, six groups were inoculated via chorioallantoic (ca) liquid with different dilutions (10, 10(2), 10(3), 10(4), 10(5), and 10(6)) of ta ...200919854577
a serological survey of infectious disease in yellowstone national park's canid community.gray wolves (canis lupus) were reintroduced into yellowstone national park (ynp) after a >70 year absence, and as part of recovery efforts, the population has been closely monitored. in 1999 and 2005, pup survival was significantly reduced, suggestive of disease outbreaks.200919756151
failure of a vaccine using immunogenic recombinant proteins rncsag4 and rncgra7 against neosporosis in mice.the development of an effective vaccine against neospora caninum infection in cattle is an important issue due to the significant economic impact of this parasitic disease worldwide. in this work, the immune response, safety and efficacy of different vaccine formulations using the n. caninum recombinant proteins rncsag4 (the first bradyzoite-specific protein assayed as a vaccine) and rncgra7 were evaluated in mouse models. the survival curves of pups from all vaccinated groups showed a slight de ...200919782735
[preliminary application of pcr-based assay for the detection of neospora caninum in bovine aborted fetus].to establish a pcr diagnostic method based on nc-5 gene of neospora caninum, for being used to detect neospora in brain tissues of bovine aborted fetus.200919856504
detection, quantifications and pharmacokinetics of toltrazuril sulfone (ponazuril) in cattle.toltrazuril sulfone (ponazuril) is a triazine-based anti-protozoal agent with highly specific actions against apicomplexan group of organisms, which are undergoing intensive investigation. toltrazuril sulfone may have clinical application in the treatment of neospora. caninum and other protozoal infections in cattle. to evaluate absorption, distribution, and elimination characteristics of toltrazuril sulfone in cattle, a sensitive validated quantitative high-pressure liquid chromatography method ...200919646093
microsatellite markers for the molecular characterization of neospora caninum: application to clinical samples.we report here on the development of a nested pcr procedure for the application of neospora caninum microsatellite markers to clinical samples. genotyping technology by fluorescently labelled dna fragment analysis was used in combination with dna sequencing for those markers which show additional snps or complex repetitive sequences. twenty-nine dna samples from naturally infected bovine aborted foetuses from two regions of spain where n. caninum had been detected by nested pcr of the its1 rrna ...200919720464
first epidemiological study on exposure to neospora caninum in different canine populations in the algiers district (algeria).neospora caninum is an important cause of abortion in cattle worldwide. dogs act as final hosts shedding oocysts in the environment. they can also harbour the extraintestinal stage of the parasite and this may be associated with a fairly rare neuromuscular condition. the sera of 781 dogs from the algiers district were screened by ifat for the presence of anti-n. caninum antibodies. these dogs were distributed into four populations: local stray dogs, police dogs, dogs from breeding kennels and fa ...200919723590
dynamics of heat shock protein 70 concentrations in peripheral blood lymphocyte lysates during pregnancy in lactating holstein-friesian cows.the aim of this study was to characterize the dynamics of the concentrations of heat shock protein 70 kda (hsp70) in peripheral blood lymphocytes of lactating holstein-friesian dairy cows (bos taurus) during pregnancy. the detection of pregnancy was carried out and blood samples collected on days 40, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 210 of gestation from 46 cows (11 primiparous and 35 pluriparous, 34 seropositive and 12 seronegative to neospora caninum). peripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated by densi ...200919729195
[factors associated the seropositivity for babesia, toxoplasma, neospora e leishmania in dogs attended at nine veterinary clinics in the municipality of lavras, mg].the aim of the present study was to determine the frequency and evaluate the infuence of age, sex and breed in seropositivity anti-babesia canis, toxoplasma gondii, leishmania (l.) chagasi and neospora caninum, by means of the indirect immunofuorescence antibody test (ifat), in serum samples collected from dogs attended in nine private veterinary clinics in municipality of lavras, minas gerais, brazil, from august 2000 to april 2002. of 300 dogs, 73.3% were seropositive (ifat>or=1:80) to b. cani ...200920040191
endogenous and exogenous transplacental transmission of neospora caninum - how the route of transmission impacts on epidemiology and control of disease.vertical transmission of the protozoan parasite, neospora caninum is highly efficient and can take two forms - endogenous transplacental transmission resulting from activation of the quiescent bradyzoite stage during pregnancy or exogenous transplacental transmission resulting from ingestion of oocysts during pregnancy. calves born carrying infection derived from either endogenous or exogenous transplacental transmission are capable of infecting their offspring when they start to breed. this rev ...200919691862
seroprevalence and spatial distribution of neospora caninum in a population of beef cattle.a cross-sectional serological survey for neospora caninum was carried out in swedish beef cattle in order to estimate the seroprevalence and investigate any geographical patterns of the infection. blood samples were collected from 2754 animals in 2130 herds and analysed for presence of antibodies to n. caninum. the study included 18.5% of all swedish beef herds. spatial autocorrelation was assessed by calculating moran's i and cluster detection was performed using lisa- and spatial scan statisti ...200919709771
fecal and molecular survey of neospora caninum in farm and household dogs in mashhad area, khorasan province, iran.neospora caninum is an important cause of abortion in dairy cattle worldwide. dog is the definitive host for n. caninum and can infect dairy cattle. the aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of neospora oocysts in feces of dogs from dairy farms. a total of 174 fecal samples was collected from 89 farm dogs and 85 household dogs during 2006 and 2008. fecal samples of dogs were microscopically examined for detecting hammondia neospora-like oocysts (hnlo) by mini parasep sf fecal parasite ...200919967094
seroprevalence of neospora caninum and coexistence with toxoplasma gondii in dogs.neospora caninum is a protozoal agent causing abortion and infertility problems in dairy cattle. the objective of the present study was to detect the seroprevalence of n.caninum in dogs and its co-existence with toxoplasma gondii in some rural and urban regions of kirikka-le province. a total of 121 blood samples were examined with indirect immunoflorescent antibody test to detect the presence of n.caninum igg antibodies. the seropositivity of n.caninum was 28.9% in dogs. the seropositivity rate ...200919598086
indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase is involved in defense against neospora caninum in human and bovine cells.neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite closely related to toxoplasma gondii. in nature this parasite is found especially in dogs and cattle, but it may also infect other livestock. the growth of n. caninum, which is an obligate intracellular parasite, is controlled mainly by the cell-mediated immune response. during infection the cytokine gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) plays a prominent role in regulating the growth of n. caninum in natural and experimental disease. the present study showed ...200919620347
first identification of sarcocystis tenella (railliet, 1886) moulé, 1886 (protozoa: apicomplexa) by pcr in naturally infected sheep from brazil.sarcocystis tenella is a dog-sheep protozoan parasite, causing a widespread enzootic muscle parasitosis and neurological disease mainly in lambs. this parasite is pathogenic to sheep and important to the economical production of sheep. the present study was initially aimed to determine toxoplasma gondii infection and the occurrence of co-infection with other apicomplexa parasites in 602 brazilian sheep. twenty of these sheep were positive with antibodies to t. gondii by mat and ifat-igg tests, p ...200919647370
detection of neospora caninum in aborted bovine fetuses and dam blood samples by nested pcr and elisa and seroprevalence in beijing and tianjin, china.neospora caninum infection is a significant cause of abortion in cattle. we investigated the tissue distribution of n. caninum in aborted bovine fetuses and dam blood samples by a nested pcr assay, and compared the nested pcr with elisa in the diagnosis of n. caninum infection. in total, 26 aborted fetuses and 813 blood samples were collected from 8 dairy herds in beijing (n=212) and tianjin (n=601), china. fifteen fetuses (57.7%) were tested n. caninum-positive by the nested pcr. n. caninum dna ...200919660160
seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in feral cats (felis silvestris catus) in majorca, balearic islands, spain.felids are important in the epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii infection because they are the only hosts that can excrete environmentally resistant oocysts. antibodies to t. gondii and neospora caninum were determined in serum samples from 59 feral cats (felis silvestris catus) captured in baited traps during authorized predator control campaigns in majorca, balearic islands, spain. antibodies to t. gondii assayed by the modified agglutination test (mat) were found in 50 (84.7%) of 59 cats with m ...200919665309
the first finding of neospora caninum and the occurrence of other abortifacient agents in sheep in slovakia.neosporosis is an infection of animals caused by an intracellular coccidian parasite, neospora caninum, closely related to toxoplasma gondii. the parasite is one of important abortifacient agents of bovine abortions worldwide. the aim of the study was to detect the prevalence of anti-neospora antibodies in dairy aborting sheep from two eastern slovak regions and to compare it with the occurrence of other potential abortifacient agents. sera of 382 sheep, mainly the improved valachian and merino ...200919540672
association of bola drb3 and dqa1 alleles with susceptibility to neospora caninum and reproductive outcome in quebec holstein cattle.the bola drb3 and dqa1 genes are part of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii in cattle. these genes are highly polymorphic and have been associated with resistance to several diseases, such as mastitis, bovine leukemia virus (blv) and dermatophilis. sequenced based typing of these genes has been carried out extensively from blood samples; however it is often impractical or expensive to obtain such samples. repositories of well-characterized serum from cattle are readily available ...200919646818
development of an indirect elisa test using a purified tachyzoite surface antigen sag1 for sero-diagnosis of canine toxoplasma gondii infection.the aim of this study was to use affinity purified 30 kda toxoplasma gondii surface antigen (sag1) in an indirect elisa and to compare it with an existing indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). 245 serum samples were collected from dogs from three adjacent iranian provinces. ifat examination revealed positive results in 73 dogs, with titers ranging from 1:16 to 1:1024. a suitable elisa cut-off was determined by roc analysis in comparison with ifat. results showed a relative sensitivity and s ...200919556064
seroprevalence of neospora caninum in dairy cattle ranches with high abortion rate: special emphasis to serologic co-existence with toxoplasma gondii, brucella abortus and listeria monocytogenes.the aim of this study was to determine seroprevalence of neospora caninum in dairy cattle ranches with higher abortion rates and co-existence of neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii, brucella abortus, and listeria monocytogenes antibodies. the blood samples were collected from dairy cows with history of abortion (n=234) as well as from pregnant cows that were (n=323) kept in the same ranches. n. caninum seroprevalence was 10.77% (60/557). the co-existence rate of n. caninum seropositivity with t. ...200919592171
early postabortion recovery of neospora-infected lactating dairy cows.this study was designed to assess the reproductive performance of neospora caninum-infected dairy cows (bos taurus) after abortion. the population examined was composed of 92 aborting cows subsequently subjected to at least one artificial insemination (ai) attempt. of these animals, 68 were n. caninum seropositive and 24 were seronegative. only animals producing at least 25 kg milk at the estrus after abortion were inseminated. normal uterine involution was verified at first ai after abortion in ...200919595443
neospora caninum and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells: parasite survival, proliferation, and induction of cytokine expression.dendritic cells (dcs) represent the first line defence of the innate immune system following infection with pathogens. we exploratively addressed invasion and survival ability of neospora caninum, a parasite causing abortion in cattle, in mouse bone marrow dcs (bmdcs), and respective cytokine expression patterns. immature bmdcs were exposed to viable (untreated) and nonviable parasites that had been inactivated by different means. invasion and/or internalization, as well as intracellular surviva ...200919527452
seroprevalence of neospora caninum antibodies in beef cattle in three southern states of mexico.the aims of the present study were to examine the seroprevalence of neosporosis in beef herds from three southern states of mexico and determine the association with several risk factors. a cross-sectional serological survey for neospora caninum was carried out by sampling a total of 596 animals from 31 herds in chiapas, veracruz, and yucatan states and tested using an elisa assay (idexx) to detect anti-n. caninum antibodies. the overall prevalence was 11.6%, (95% ci: 0.93-0.14), however, the pr ...200919016341
experimental infection with a low virulence isolate of neospora caninum at 70 days gestation in cattle did not result in foetopathy.the nc-spain 1h isolate of neospora caninum, which was newly obtained from the brain of a congenitally asymptomatic infected calf, demonstrated a reduced in vitro tachyzoite yield and viability rate, as well as low virulence in mouse models. the objective of the present study was to determine the ability of this isolate to induce foetal death in a pregnant bovine model. for this purpose, 13 naïve pregnant heifers were divided into three groups and were experimentally challenged with either 10(7) ...200919497257
neospora caninum--how close are we to development of an efficacious vaccine that prevents abortion in cattle?neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite that causes abortion in cattle around the world. although the clinical signs of disease in both dogs and cattle have now been recognised for over 20years, treatment and control options are still limited, despite the availability of a commercial vaccine in some countries of the world. the case for an efficacious vaccine has not been convincingly waged by farmers, veterinarians and other members of the agricultural and rural communities. in recent times, ho ...200919497326
dose-titration challenge of young pregnant sheep with neospora caninum tachyzoites.pregnant ewe lambs (7-8 months old at breeding) were inoculated intravenously at 90 days after joining with the ram with 50, 5 x 10(3), 10(6), or 10(8)neospora caninum tachyzoites and outcomes were compared to a control group. seroconversion was measured by indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) at fortnightly intervals and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) at 28 days post-challenge. seroconversion (by ifat) occurred in all animals except for 2 sheep in the lowest dose group, inclu ...200919501968
comparison between immunohistochemistry and two pcr methods for detection of neospora caninum in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded brain tissue of bovine fetuses.the objective of this study was to identify the presence of the parasite by comparing immunohistochemistry (ihc) with two polymerase chain reaction (pcr) methods for the detection of the pnc5 gene and the internal transcribed spacer 1 (its1) of n. caninum in brain tissue of bovine fetuses that had previously been fixed in formalin and paraffin-embedded. in 29 out of 48 brains (60.4%), microscopic lesions consistent with neospora infection were observed, and 21 of the 29 cases (72.41%) were posit ...200919515495
targeting histone deacetylase inhibitors for anti-malarial therapy.it is now clear that histone acetylation plays key roles in regulating gene transcription in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, the acetylated form inducing gene expression while deacetylation silences genes. recent studies have identified roles for histone acetyltransferases (hats) and/or histone deacetylases (hdacs) in a number of parasites including entamoeba histolytica, toxoplasma gondii, schistosoma mansoni, cryptosporidium sp., leishmania donovani, neospora caninum, and plasmodium falciparu ...200919355992
genetic diversity amongst isolates of neospora caninum, and the development of a multiplex assay for the detection of distinct strains.infection with neospora caninum is regarded as a significant cause of abortion in cattle. despite the economic impact of this infection, relatively little is known about the biology of this parasite. in this study, mini and microsatellite dnas were detected in the genome of n. caninum and eight loci were identified that each contained repetitive dna which was polymorphic among different isolates of this parasite. a multiplex pcr assay was developed for the detection of genetic variation within n ...200919496247
the development of immune responses in balb/c mice following inoculation with attenuated or virulent neospora caninum tachyzoites.balb/c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with either 5 x 10(6) live virulent (group 1) or 5 x 10(6) live attenuated (group 2) tachyzoites, or vero cells (group 3). animals were killed at 0, 14, 28 and 42 days post-inoculation (p.i.), with the remaining mice receiving a lethal challenge on day 48 p.i. serum, spleen and brain samples were collected post-mortem to examine humoral and cell-mediated immune responses as well as pathological lesions and to quantify parasite loads. on day 14 ...200919527455
[use of the real time rt-pcr for immune related gene expression quantitation in experimentally infected neospora caninum bovine calves].neospora caninum is one of the main causes of abortion and natimortality in cattle. host immune defense is capable to inhibit tachyzoite activity during acute infection, but there is no action against bradyzoites in tissue cysts. activation and modulation of this response is controlled by cell mediators. the real-time rt-pcr technique was employed to detect some of those mediators during n. caninum infection. holstein and nelore calves intramuscularly infected with tachyzoites and uninfected con ...200919500454
characterization of tissue distribution and histopathological lesions in neospora caninum experimentally infected gerbils.gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) were inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with neospora caninum tachyzoites to examine parasite distribution and histological lesions at different time points over a 9-day period of infection. gerbils were sacrificed 12 h post-infection (pi), then daily intervals up to day 9 pi. the parasite was detected by pcr assay targeting the nc5 sequence of n. caninum. the parasite was not found in any organs until day 5 pi, however, from day 8 pi onwards, they were detected ...200919172297
serologic screening for neospora caninum, france. 200919523316
detection of hammondia heydorni and related coccidia (neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii) in goats slaughtered in bahia, brazil.hammondia heydorni is a coccidian parasite with an obligatory two host life cycle, with dogs and foxes as definitive hosts, and a number of intermediate hosts, including goats. while infection by this parasite seems to be unassociated with any clinical signs, infection by the closely related parasites neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii can result in abortion, stillbirths and low yielding in caprine herds. the aim of this work was to investigate the frequency of goats infected with h. heydorn ...200919278786
cpg-odn combined with neospora caninum lysate, but not with excreted-secreted antigen, enhances protection against infection in mice.cpg oligodeoxynucleotides (odn) have shown to be potent immunoadjuvants for several pathogens, but there is limited information concerning their use in immunization protocols against neosporosis. this study aimed to evaluate the potential of cpg-odn combined with neospora lysate antigen (nla) or excreted-secreted antigen (ncesa) to induce protective immune response against neospora caninum infection in mice. c57bl/6 mice were vaccinated subcutaneously three times at 2-week intervals with nla, nl ...200919428863
neospora caninum and complex vertebral malformation as possible causes of bovine fetal mummification.bovine neosporosis, caused by neospora caninum is a leading cause of abortion in cattle. we postulated that neosporosis could lead to fetal death and mummification. fifteen mummified fetuses were tested by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the mutation in the bovine slc35a3 gene that causes complex vertebral malformation (cvm) and the pnc-5 gene which identifies n. caninum infection. dna was extracted from the mummified fetuses and the sex of the mummies was determined by pcr. the cvm mutation ...200919436446
vaccination with recombinant ncrop2 combined with recombinant ncmic1 and ncmic3 reduces cerebral infection and vertical transmission in mice experimentally infected with neospora caninum tachyzoites.we investigated the protective potential of recombinant his-tagged antigens recncmic1, recncmic3 and recncrop2, applied either as single vaccines or as vaccine combinations, in balb/c mouse models for cerebral and fetal infection. subsequently, mice were mated and challenged by i.p. inoculation of 2 x 10(6)neospora caninum tachyzoites at day 7 of pregnancy. the mortality and morbidity of adult mice (non-pregnant and dams) and of the newborn pups was studied for a period of 40 days following birt ...200919447110
immunogenicity of a dna vaccine expressing the neospora caninum surface protein ncsrs2 in mice.the immunogenicity of a dna vaccine expressing the surface protein ncsrs2 of neospora caninum was studied in balb/c mice. the ncsrs2-encoding dna was obtained by pcr amplification of the ncsrs2 orf gene from the p43 plasmid encoding the n. caninum surface protein ncsrs2, ligated to the mammalian expression vector pcdna3.1/zeo(+) and propagated in e. coli dh5alpha to produce the n. caninum ncsrs2 dna vaccine. balb/c mice were immunised by two intramuscular injections of the dna vaccine with or wi ...200919457773
effects of crossbreed pregnancies on the abortion risk of neospora caninum-infected dairy cows.previous studies have shown that the use of beef bull semen significantly reduces the rate of abortions due to neospora caninum in artificially inseminated (ai) seropositive dairy cows. in addition, certain beef breeds could be more resistant to n. caninum infection and abortion than others. the aim of the present study was to determine whether different crossbreed pregnancies, those derived from limousin, charolais, piedmontese or belgian blue semen, carry different risks of abortion in neospor ...200919464119
a unique dual activity amino acid hydroxylase in toxoplasma gondii.the genome of the protozoan parasite toxoplasma gondii was found to contain two genes encoding tyrosine hydroxylase; that produces l-dopa. the encoded enzymes metabolize phenylalanine as well as tyrosine with substrate preference for tyrosine. thus the enzymes catabolize phenylalanine to tyrosine and tyrosine to l-dopa. the catalytic domain descriptive of this class of enzymes is conserved with the parasite enzyme and exhibits similar kinetic properties to metazoan tyrosine hydroxylases, but con ...200919277211
seroprevalence of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii antibodies in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) from iowa and minnesota using four serologic tests.the white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) is considered one of the most important wildlife reservoirs of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii in the us. sera from white-tailed deer from minnesota and iowa were tested for antibodies to n. caninum by four serologic tests including the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test (cut-off 1:25), neospora caninum agglutination test (cut-off 1:25), an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay, and western blot (wb). sera were also tested for antibodies ...200919285809
crab-eating fox (cerdocyon thous), a south american canid, as a definitive host for hammondia heydorni.hammondia heydorni is a cyst forming coccidia closely related to other apicomplexans, such as toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum and hammondia hammondi with a two-host life cycle. dogs and other canids as red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and coyotes (canis latrans) may serve as definitive hosts for h. heydorni. sporulated oocysts are infective for cattle, sheep and goats, which may serve as intermediate hosts. herein, we describe the ability of crab-eating fox (cerdocyon thous), a wild carnivore that ...200919303215
myeloid differentiation factor 88 is required for resistance to neospora caninum infection.neospora caninum is an intracellular parasite that causes major economic impact on cattle raising farms, and infects a wide range of warm-blooded hosts worldwide. innate immune mechanisms that lead to protection against this parasite are still unknown. in order to investigate whether myeloid differentiation factor 88 (myd88) is required for resistance against n. caninum, genetically deficient mice (myd88(-/-)) and wild type littermates were infected with live tachyzoites and the resistance to in ...200919341611
immunization with oligomannose-coated liposome-entrapped dense granule protein 7 protects dams and offspring from neospora caninum infection in mice.the present study demonstrates that the subcutaneous administration of neospora caninum dense granule protein 7 (ncgra7) entrapped in liposomes coated with mannotriose strongly induces the parasite-specific t-helper type 1 immune response and humoral antibody in mice. although anti-ncgra7 immunoglobulin g1 antibody production was induced in mice injected with ncgra7 alone, the dams and offspring were never protected from n. caninum infection. the immunization of mice with liposome-entrapped ncgr ...200919357313
stage-specific expression of nc sag4 as a marker of chronic neospora caninum infection in a mouse model.neospora caninum infection persists throughout the life of its intermediate host due to the conversion of tachyzoites to slowly dividing bradyzoites that encyst in the brain. this event results in persistent n. caninum infection in bovine herds and partially explains the poor efficacy of many chemotherapeutic agents and vaccine formulations. thus, there is a need for greater understanding of the tachyzoite-to-bradyzoite conversion mechanisms. here we studied for the first time the transcription ...200919402941
comparison of indirect elisa based on recombinant protein ncsrs2 and ifat for detection of neospora caninum antibodies in sheep.neospora caninum, an apicomplexan parasite that can causes abortion, is responsible for considerable economic and reproductive losses in livestock. the purpose of the present study was to determine whether recombinant ncsrs2 is a suitable indirect elisa antigen for determining specific immune response to n. caninum in sheep. a total of 441 serum samples were subjected to ifat and rncsrs2 based-elisa, with both tests performing similarly. the sensitivity and specificity of indirect elisa were 98. ...200919602311
pigeons (columba livia) are a suitable experimental model for neospora caninum infection in birds.neospora caninum infections in chickens have been recently described by epidemiological and experimental approaches, and these birds may be considered natural intermediate hosts of the parasite. it has been postulated that other bird species might perform this role in wildlife as well. to better understand the sylvatic life cycle of n. caninum, further studies are required. in that sense, this work aimed to observe infection kinetics in pigeons experimentally infected with n. caninum. experiment ...200919027237
neospora caninum associated with epidemic abortions in dairy cattle: the first clinical neosporosis report in turkey.neospora caninum, a protozoan parasite, has been considered as one of the most important etiological agents responsible for abortion in dairy cattle throughout the world since it was first identified in dogs in 1988. in this report, characteristics of neosporosis, detected in a dairy cow ranch having epidemic abortions as high as 18.4%, were described. blood samples were collected from 25 infertile or aborted dairy cattle, 6 calves born in 2006 and 40 heifers that were born in 2005 and raised in ...200919028014
isolation and characterization of a bovine isolate of neospora caninum with low virulence.neospora caninum tachyzoites were isolated from the brain of an asymptomatic naturally infected calf with precolostral-specific antibodies. the new isolate, named nc-spain 1h, was identified as a member of the n. caninum species based on its internal transcribed spacer 1 (its-1) sequence and was genetically characterized using microsatellite markers. multilocus analysis showed that nc-spain 1h was genetically different from other n. caninum isolates. we compared the in vitro tachyzoite yield and ...200919027235
looks can deceive: molecular identity of an intraerythrocytic apicomplexan parasite in australian gliders.two yellow-bellied gliders (petaurus australis) had an intraerythrocytic parasite closely related to the cyst-forming coccidia (apicomplexa: sarcocystidae). the parasitaemia persisted for 3 months or more but was observed to clear within 3 years in captivity. the parasite appears not to significantly debilitate its infected host. traditionally, using morphological identification, the intraerythrocytic parasite would have been classified within the hepatozoon species typically found in red blood ...200919028015
first isolation of neospora caninum from the faeces of a dog from portugal.we report the in vitro isolation of neospora caninum from the faeces of a naturally infected 8-year-old male stray boxer from portugal. vero cell cultures were infected using parasite stages obtained after oral inoculation of gamma-interferon knockout mice with 10(2) sporulated oocysts. the isolate was identified by microscopical examination, as well as histological, immunological and molecular methods including a dna-microsatellite-based typing technique, and was subsequently named nc-p1. the d ...200919036520
frequency of horizontal and vertical transmission for sarcocystis cruzi and neospora caninum in dairy cattle.sarcocystis cruzi and neospora caninum infections in cattle are common throughout the world, and cause important economical losses. n. caninum can be transmitted horizontally by ingestion of oocysts or vertically from the infected dam to the fetus via the placenta. vertical transmission for s. cruzi is infrequent and horizontal transmission is considered the most important route of infection. the objectives of this study were to evaluate the frequency of horizontal and vertical transmission for ...200919070964
canine inflammatory myopathy associated with leishmania infantum infection.inflammatory myopathy associated with several infectious diseases occurs in dogs including those caused by toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum, ehrlichia canis and hepatozoon canis. however, muscle disease due to leishmania infection has been poorly documented. the aim of this study was to examine the distribution and types of cellular infiltrates and expression of mhc class i and ii in muscle biopsies obtained from 15 male beagle dogs from a breeder group with an established diagnosis of leishm ...200919084398
comparison of two pcr protocols for the detection of neospora caninum dna in rodents.the objective of the present study was, due to increasing interest in the epidemiological role of small mammals as potential reservoir of neospora caninum, to compare two different pcr protocols for the diagnosis of n. caninum in rodents. we tested tissue samples from 50 house mice (mus musculus), 50 rats (rattus norvegicus) and 35 field mice (apodemus sylvaticus). two different pcr protocols based on primer pairs, np4-np7 and np6plus-np21plus, were used for diagnosis on these samples. while the ...200919036521
factors affecting plasma prolactin concentrations throughout gestation in high producing dairy cows.the aim of the present study was to investigate possible relationships between plasma concentrations of prolactin and the following factors throughout gestation in lactating dairy cows: photoperiod, season, milk production, neospora caninum-seropositivity, twin pregnancy, and plasma concentrations of pregnancy associated glycoproteins-1 (pag-1), progesterone and cortisol. pregnancy was diagnosed by trans-rectal ultrasonography on day 40 post-insemination and by palpation per rectum on days 90, 1 ...200919036554
effects of a transferring antibody against neospora caninum infection in a murine model.we investigated the roles of a transferring antibody against neospora caninum infection based on a murine model using recombinant vaccinia virus carrying ncsrs2 gene. higher levels of anti-ncsrs2 antibody were detected in surviving offspring from vaccinated dams than controls while the transferring anti-ncsag1 antibody was detected in the surviving offspring from unvaccinated dams. after mating, the female mice with transferring antibody against n. caninum were challenged with the parasites in m ...200919056179
prevalence of anti-toxoplasma gondii and anti-neospora caninum antibodies in sheep from mossoró, rio grande do norte, brazil.toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite with a variety of hosts, responsible for reproductive problems and economic losses in sheep flocks. neospora caninum was recently identified and its clinical presentation in sheep is similar to that of toxoplasmosis, which can cause repeated abortions, though less frequently in this species. in order to confirm the prevalence of these agents in the city of mossoró, rio grande do norte, brazil, 409 serum samples from adult sheep (364 females ...200919091473
short report: prevalence of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii antibodies in northern egypt.in view of the worldwide importance of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum and the limited data on the seroprevalence of these parasites in egypt, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of anti-t. gondii and anti-n. caninum antibodies in rabbits, cattle, and humans. we used elisa methods based on surface antigen 2 of t. gondii (tgsag2t) and surface antigen 1 of n. caninum (ncsag1t). high seroprevalence of t. gondii (51.49%) was detected in pregnant women, and antibodies to n. caninum wer ...200919190225
detection of neospora caninum from farm-bred young blue foxes (alopex lagopus) in china.neospora caninum has been detected in several wild mammalian species, i.e., deer, coyotes, dingoes, and foxes. farm-bred foxes were rarely reported to be affected by the parasite. in this study, we detected for the first time the infection of n.caninum in farm-bred young blue foxes (alopex lagopus) in china. neospora-like tissue cysts were observed in brains and kidneys of the foxes by histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. one hundred and three sera from the clinically normal v ...200919194087
specific anti-neospora caninum igg1 and igg2 antibody responses during gestation in naturally infected cattle and their relationship with gamma interferon production.gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) production has been attributed a protective role against abortion in neospora-infected dairy cows. this study investigate possible relationships between plasma levels of the n. caninum-specific immunoglobulin (ig) isotypes igg1 and igg2 and ifn-gamma production throughout gestation in dairy cows naturally infected with the parasite. data were obtained from 31 pregnant neospora-seropositive animals. blood samples were collected on gestation days 40, 90, 120, 150, 180 ...200919201036
evaluation of a srs2 sandwich commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of anti-neospora caninum antibodies in bovine and canine sera.neospora caninum is a parasite responsible for abortion in cows and neuromuscular disease in dogs. serology is the most widely used technique to evaluate the prevalence of n. caninum in different host populations. a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on the use of an anti-srs2 monoclonal antibody was evaluated against the indirect fluorescent antibody test for 100 canine sera and against a well-characterized elisa for 102 bovine sera. in cattle sera, the relative sensitivit ...200919139509
molecular comparison of neospora caninum oocyst isolates from naturally infected dogs with cell culture-derived tachyzoites of the same isolates using nested polymerase chain reaction to amplify microsatellite markers.neospora caninum infection is an important cause of bovine abortion. the infection can be transmitted transplacentally or by ingestion of oocysts shed by definitive hosts. there are few reports of dogs naturally shedding n. caninum oocysts and only some oocyst isolates were transferred into cell culture. the aim of the present study was to analyse n. caninum oocysts from the faeces of naturally infected dogs using a microsatellite-based typing technique and to compare them with cell culture-deri ...200919084341
keratoconjunctivitis associated with toxoplasma gondii in a dog.a 12-year-old pug presented with a 3-mm corneal mass od. the dog was currently being treated for keratoconjunctivitis sicca (kcs) and pigmentary keratitis ou. a superficial keratectomy followed by cryotherapy was performed od. a histopathologic diagnosis of epithelial dysplasia and suppurative keratitis was made and the lesion resolved. two months later, a yellow/tan conjunctival mass, diffuse chemosis and conjunctival thickening was discovered od. necrotizing conjunctivitis with protozoal paras ...200919152600
toltrazuril treatment of congenitally acquired neospora caninum infection in newborn mice.c57bl/6 mice were infected with neospora caninum tachyzoites during pregnancy, yielding a transplacental infection of developing fetuses. subsequently, congenitally infected newborn mice were treated either once or three times with toltrazuril (or placebo) at a concentration of 31.25 mg compound per kg body weight. both toltrazuril and placebo treatment had no negative effect on newborns, as noninfected treated pups developed normally without differences in mortality and morbidity to matching no ...200919205743
cerebrospinal fluid eosinophilia in dogs.marked eosinophilic meningitis or meningoencephalomyelitis (eme) is rarely reported in dogs and the cause is usually undetermined. long-term prognosis for dogs with cerebrospinal fluid (csf) eosinophilia is variable.200919210314
toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum antibodies in sheep in the czech republic.in the czech republic, serum from 547 sheep coming from nine farms was examined for antibodies against parasites toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum by screening elisa. antibodies against t. gondii were found in 325 sheep (59%) with prevalence ranging from 11% to 96% in different farms. antibodies against n. caninum were found in 63 sheep (12%) with prevalence ranging from 4% to 21% in different farms. mixed infections were found in 53 sheep (10%). it was the first evidence of n. caninum anti ...200919181450
risk factors associated with neospora caninum infections in cattle in argentina.from 2003 through 2007, serum samples from 5594 dairy and beef heifers and cows in argentina were assessed to quantify the association between presence of neospora caninum antibodies and history of abortion, type of exploitation, and age category of animals. animals with a history of abortion were 85% more likely (p<0.01) to be positive to n. caninum than animals without a record of abortion. for a given category (age) of animals, being in a dairy operation increased the odds of being n. caninum ...200919216028
neospora caninum in dairy herds in schleswig-holstein, germany.the aim of a cross-sectional survey performed between november 2005 and april 2006 was to obtain actual information on the occurrence of neospora (n.) caninum infection in dairy cows of schleswig-holstein. it was planned to examine tank-milk of about 35% of the approximately 6,000 dairy herds in schleswig-holstein for n. caninum-specific antibodies using a p38-tank-milk elisa. this test is able to detect a within-herd n. caninum-seroprevalence of > 10%. only 20 (1.0%) out of 1,950 tank-milk samp ...200919226934
molecular approaches to diversity of populations of apicomplexan parasites.apicomplexan parasites include many parasites of importance either for livestock or as causative agents of human diseases. the importance of these parasites has been recognised by the european commission and resulted in support of the cost (cooperation in science and technology) action 857 'apicomplexan biology in the post-genomic era'. in this review we discuss the current understanding in 'biodiversity and population genetics' of the major apicomplexan parasites, namely the eimeria spp., crypt ...200918983997
canine and bovine neospora caninum control sera examined for cross-reactivity using neospora caninum and neospora hughesi indirect fluorescent antibody tests.neospora caninum is a well known protozoan parasite of domestic and wild animals. neospora hughesi is a closely related protozoan with an unknown life cycle, host range, and infection prevalence. many serologic surveys of n. caninum have been performed without consideration of potential cross-reactions with n. hughesi, which could confound results. the aim of this study was to investigate whether postexposure sera from animals experimentally infected with n. caninum exhibit significant reactivit ...200918613752
risk factors associated with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis seropositivity in canadian dairy cows and herds.our objective was to determine the risk factors associated with the seroprevalence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in a large number of randomly selected canadian dairy herds, controlling for important confounding variables and co-infections with bovine leukemia virus (blv), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and neospora caninum (nc). serum samples from 30 randomly selected cows, where available, in 315 herds from seven provinces were tested for antibodies against blv, ...200918692926
Refresh
firstprev
12345678910...
nextlast
Displaying items 701 - 800 of 1864