Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| molecular epidemiology of human astrovirus infections in saudi arabia pediatric patients. | earlier work tayeb et al. [tayeb et al. (2008): j med virol 80: 1919-1929] set out to study the epidemiology of diarrhea viruses in pediatric populations. the study addressed initially rotavirus, enteric adenovirus, and astrovirus but was later expanded to include norovirus (nov). viruses were sought in fecal specimens and characterized for genotype using molecular methods (pcr, rt-pcr, and rflp) for the first time in ksa. the survey focused on three locations; jeddah, makkah, and riyadh. during ... | 2010 | 20981791 |
| characterization of genotype g8 strains from malawi, kenya, and south africa. | reviews of the global distribution of rotavirus genotypes have revealed the continuous circulation of g8 strains in africa, often responsible for more cases of rotavirus disease than the more common g1-g4 rotavirus strains. during the study, genotype g8 strains from malawi, kenya, and south africa were detected and the vp7 and vp4 genes of selected specimens were sequenced. results indicated that g8 strains appeared to reassort frequently and were associated with p[6], p[4], and p[8] specificity ... | 2010 | 20981795 |
| enteric viruses in ready-to-eat packaged leafy greens. | 2010 | 21029560 | |
| comparison of the rapid methods for screening of group a rotavirus in stool samples. | in this study, the sensitivity and specificity of three immunochromatography (ic) test kits for rapid detection of group a rotavirus were compared and evaluated with stool samples collected from children, who suffered from acute gastroenteritis during february to june, 2009 in japan. a total of 86 stool samples were tested and compared with a reference rt-pcr method. the sensitivity among ip-rota v, dipstick eiken rota and rota-adeno test kits were 97.2, 95.8 and 88.7%, while the specificity wer ... | 2010 | 21030457 |
| global routine vaccination coverage, 2009. | the widespread use of vaccines has greatly improved global public health, preventing millions of childhood hospitalizations and deaths each year. vaccination of children also is projected to avert adult deaths through the prevention of hepatitis b (hepb) virus--related chronic liver disease and liver cancer and human papilloma virus--related cervical cancer. when the world health organization (who) began the expanded programme on immunization in 1974, <5% of the world's children had been fully v ... | 2010 | 21030941 |
| full genomic analysis of a simian sa11-like g3p[2] rotavirus strain isolated from an asymptomatic infant: identification of novel vp1, vp6 and nsp4 genotypes. | we report here the full genomic analysis of a simian sa11-like g3p[2] group a rotavirus (gar) strain, b10, isolated from an asymptomatic infant in kenya in 1987. by nucleotide sequence identities and phylogenetic analyses, the vp7-vp4-vp2-vp3-nsp1-nsp2-nsp3-nsp5 genes of strain b10 exhibited maximum genetic relatedness to those of the different isolates of simian strain sa11, and were assigned to the g3-p[2]-c5-m5-a5-n5-t5-h5 genotypes, respectively. on the other hand, the vp1, vp6 and nsp4 gene ... | 2010 | 21035567 |
| case-control study of diarrheal disease etiology in a remote rural area in western thailand. | the objective was to assess the association of enteric pathogens in diarrheal disease in a remote rural area in thailand. stool specimens were collected from 236 children aged 3 months to 5 years with acute diarrhea (cases) and from 236 asymptomatic controls. standard microbiologic methods, and enzyme immunoassay for viral pathogens, giardia, and cryptosporidium, were used to identify enteric pathogens with susceptibility testing by disk diffusion. campylobacter, plesiomonas, salmonella, and ent ... | 2010 | 21036846 |
| [considerations in an outbreak of viral acute gastroenteritis, cisnădie 2009]. | frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in the whole world, viral gastroenteritis represent about 80% of infectious gastroenteritis. in non-industrialised countries it mostly affects small children,while in those industrialised it represents a significant cause of morbidity in all age groups. during 30.04--17.06.2009 we registered 315 cases of gastroenteritis in cisnădie. all age groups were concerned, but 78.9% of cases were children less than 14 years old. we registered cases belonging to th ... | 2010 | 21038704 |
| rotavirus antigenemia in indian children with rotavirus gastroenteritis and asymptomatic infections. | rotavirus gastroenteritis results in significant morbidity and mortality in indian children. although there are numerous studies on rotavirus diarrhea, there are few reports on antigenemia and extraintestinal presentations in these populations. | 2010 | 21039217 |
| on-site reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction detection of rotaviruses concentrated from environmental water samples using methacrylate monolithic supports. | rotaviruses are the leading cause of gastroenteritis in children and they exist widely in water environments. ingestion of 10-100 viral particles is enough to initiate disease, what calls for extremely sensitive detection methods. in this study we have confirmed the validity of a recently published method for rotavirus concentration and detection based on the combination of methacrylate monoliths and real-time reverse transcription-quantitative pcr (rt-qpcr). the method was used to concentrate r ... | 2010 | 21040925 |
| quantification and molecular characterization of enteric viruses detected in effluents from two hospital wastewater treatment plants. | hospital wastewater has been described as an important source of spreading pathogenic microorganisms in the environment. however, there are few studies reporting the presence and concentrations of gastroenteric viruses and hepatitis a viruses in these environmental matrices. the aim of this study was to assess the contamination by viruses responsible for acute gastroenteritis and hepatitis derived from hospital wastewater treatment plants (wwtps). rotavirus a (rv-a), human adenoviruses (hadv), n ... | 2010 | 21040941 |
| benign infantile seizures associated with gastroenteritis and benign infantile seizures alone in the same patients: related syndromes or coincidental entities? | we report two patients, the first one had benign infantile seizures (bis) associated with gastroenteritis (bisg), followed by bis without gastroenteritis, in the second patient bis was followed by bisg related to anti-rotavirus vaccine. after 12 and 6 months of follow-up, both patients had normal psychomotor development. bisg may be a situation-related seizure, a coincidental entity associated with bis. however the case evolutions suggested that both bis and bisg are related syndromes. | 2010 | 21041066 |
| epidemiology and burden of rotavirus infection among children in hangzhou, china. | rotavirus is the most common cause of acute diarrhea in children younger than 5 years worldwide. however, few data have been collected on children with rotavirus diarrhea basing on outpatient department surveillance. | 2010 | 21041114 |
| [detection of bovine rotavirus g10p[11] in a diary farm in daqing, china]. | group a rotavirus are the most frequently detected viral agent associated with the acute diarrhea in calves. in order to investigate the situation of rotavirus strains circulating in diary farms, a total of 117 fecal specimens were collected from diarrhea calves under 4 weeks-age on yinluo diary farm in daqing region in china from 2008 to 2009. ten specimens were detected to be positive by a rotavirus group a diagnostic kit, which confirmed that the rotavirus was important viral agent associated ... | 2010 | 21043143 |
| spotlight on pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (rotateq) in the prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis in europe. | in europe, rotavirus gastroenteritis is associated with a significant health, economic, and social burden, as it is responsible for large numbers of hospitalizations and other healthcare encounters among infants and children, as well as numerous days of work lost by parents and caregivers. rotateq is a three-dose, orally administered, live, pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine used for the active immunization of infants for prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis. the protectiv ... | 2010 | 21043548 |
| characterising aquifer treatment for pathogens in managed aquifer recharge. | in this study the value of subsurface treatment of urban stormwater during aquifer storage transfer recovery (astr) is characterised using quantitative microbial risk assessment (qmra) methodology. the astr project utilizes a multi-barrier treatment train to treat urban stormwater but to date the role of the aquifer has not been quantified. in this study it was estimated that the aquifer barrier provided 1.4, 2.6, >6.0 log(10) removals for rotavirus, cryptosporidium and campylobacter respectivel ... | 2010 | 21045325 |
| high level of gastrointestinal nosocomial infections in the german surveillance system, 2002-2008. | surveillance of nosocomial infections (nis) is well established in many countries but often does not include gastrointestinal infections. we sought to determine the proportion of nis among all hospitalized cases for the 4 most prevalent types of gastrointestinal infections in germany. | 2010 | 21047180 |
| whole-genome characterization of human group c rotaviruses: identification of two lineages in the vp3 gene. | group c rotavirus (gcrv) is distributed worldwide as an enteric pathogen in humans and animals. however, to date, whole-genome sequences are available only for a human strain (bristol) and a porcine strain (cowden). to investigate the genetic diversity of human gcrvs, nearly full-length sequences of all 11 rna segments were determined for human gcrvs detected recently in india (v508), bangladesh (bs347), china (wu82 and ynr001) and japan (oh567 and bk0830) and analysed phylogenetically with sequ ... | 2010 | 21048036 |
| outbreak of acute gastroenteritis in young children with death due to rotavirus genotype g9 in rio branco, brazilian amazon region, 2005. | an epidemic of acute gastroenteritis occurred in rio branco city, acre state, in brazil's amazon region in 2005. an investigation was conducted to confirm the etiology and identify possible risk factors for death. | 2010 | 20843719 |
| an update to "the cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination: comparative analyses for five european countries and transferability in europe". | a cost-effectiveness analysis of rotavirus vaccination in belgium, england and wales, finland, france and the netherlands published in 2009 was updated based on recent studies on rotavirus burden of disease and vaccine efficacy. all the qualitative conclusions in the previous study were found to remain valid. vaccination remains cost-effective in finland only when using plausible tender prices. | 2010 | 20846529 |
| national, state, and local area vaccination coverage among children aged 19-35 months --- united states, 2009. | since 1994, the national immunization survey (nis) has been collecting data to monitor childhood immunization coverage. this report describes the 2009 nis coverage estimates for children born during january 2006--july 2008 and focuses on the more recently recommended vaccines (i.e., hepatitis b [hepb] vaccine birth dose, hepatitis a vaccine [hepa], pneumococcal conjugate vaccine [pcv], and rotavirus vaccine) for children aged 19--35 months. the most recent nis data indicate that vaccination cove ... | 2010 | 20847720 |
| [study on the epidemiological of rotavirus diarrhea in lulong in 2008-2009]. | to analyze the feature of epidemiological of rotavirus diarrhea in lulong county, hebei province. | 2010 | 20848835 |
| [analysis on epidemiologic characteristics of viral diarrhea among infants in taiyuan, shanxi province, 2007-2008]. | to study the epidemiologic characteristics of virus-induced acute diarrhea in children under 5 years old in taiyuan, shanxi province. | 2010 | 20848837 |
| [sequence the complete sequence of bocavirus i with sispa-pcr]. | to sequence the complete sequence of bocavirus i with sequence independent single primer amplification (sispa-pcr). | 2010 | 20848839 |
| [toward the elimination of rotavirus gastroenteritis by universal vaccination]. | rotavirus is the most important cause of severe gastroenteritis in children worldwide, and is most effectively controlled by vaccines. the strategic advisory group of experts (sage) of the world health organization (who) recommended, in 2009, the inclusion of rotavirus vaccination of infants into all national immunization programs. two, live, orally-administrable vaccines are licensed globally. they are rotarix, a g1p[8] monovalent, human rotavirus-based vaccine (glaxosmithkline), and rotateq, a ... | 2010 | 20848863 |
| in vitro anti-rotavirus activity of polyphenol compounds isolated from the roots of glycyrrhiza uralensis. | we evaluated the ability of six polyphenols isolated from the roots of glycyrrhiza uralensis to inactivate rotaviruses, specially g5p[7] and g8p[7]. upon finding that all polyphenols possessed anti-rotavirus activity, we evaluated whether these properties were attributable to direct inhibition of the binding of rotavirus to cells and/or to inhibition of viral replication. using the virucidal assay, we found that all six compounds directly inhibited rotavirus binding, with activity being dependen ... | 2010 | 20850329 |
| rotavirus incidence and genotype distribution before and after national rotavirus vaccine introduction in belgium. | rotarix™ was introduced into the belgian market in 2006 and rotateq™ in 2007, quickly reaching more than 85% vaccine coverage of all newborns in belgium. the incidence of rotavirus gastroenteritis has been monitored in the gasthuisberg university hospital (guh), belgium since 1986, and since 1999 the genotypes of circulating rotavirus strains have been determined. the average percentage of rotavirus positive cases out of all hospitalized gastro-enteritis cases tested (>95% of these cases are you ... | 2010 | 20851085 |
| effectiveness of rotavirus vaccine in preventing hospitalization due to rotavirus gastroenteritis in young children in connecticut, usa. | rotavirus vaccine was recommended for use in us infants to prevent rotavirus gastroenteritis (rge) in february 2006. this matched case control study assessed the effectiveness of rotavirus vaccine in preventing hospitalization of young. cases were vaccine-eligible children 8 weeks-3 years of age, hospitalized due to laboratory-confirmed rge. cases (n=42) were matched to 2 control groups: (a) hospitalized controls (n=80): children hospitalized for reasons other than rge, matched to the cases by a ... | 2010 | 20851087 |
| vigor, an annotation program for small viral genomes. | the decrease in cost for sequencing and improvement in technologies has made it easier and more common for the re-sequencing of large genomes as well as parallel sequencing of small genomes. it is possible to completely sequence a small genome within days and this increases the number of publicly available genomes. among the types of genomes being rapidly sequenced are those of microbial and viral genomes responsible for infectious diseases. however, accurate gene prediction is a challenge that ... | 2010 | 20822531 |
| multiple-gene characterization of rotavirus strains: evidence of genetic linkage among the vp7-, vp4-, vp6-, and nsp4-encoding genes. | a total of 162 rotavirus strains detected between 1996 and 2006 among individuals with diarrhea in rio de janeiro, brazil, were analyzed by multiple-gene genotyping. characterization of strains was done by rt-pcr assay for amplification and typing of the vp7-, vp4-, vp6-, and nsp4-encoding genes. overall, 139 (85.8%) strains belonged to the common group a rotavirus combinations: 67 (41.4%) belonged to genotype g1-p[8]-i1-e1; 18 (11.1%) were g2-p[4]-i2-e2; 11 (6.8%) were g3-p[8]-i1-e1; 12 (7.4%) ... | 2010 | 20827779 |
| comparison of viral load and duration of virus shedding in symptomatic and asymptomatic neonatal rotavirus infections. | a single rotavirus strain causing asymptomatic infections as well as severe gastrointestinal disease has been described in the neonatal nurseries of the christian medical college, vellore. in this study, quantitative real-time rt-pcr was used to determine the association of viral load with the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms in neonates. viral load was estimated in terms of the crossing point [c(t) value] at which the amplicon could be detected in the real-time pcr assay. the study was car ... | 2010 | 20827780 |
| diagnosis of viral gastroenteritis by simultaneous detection of adenovirus group f, astrovirus, rotavirus group a, norovirus genogroups i and ii, and sapovirus in two internally controlled multiplex real-time pcr assays. | norovirus, rotavirus group a, astrovirus, sapovirus and adenovirus serotypes 40 and 41, are common causes of gastroenteritis. conventional diagnosis of these causative agents is based on antigen detection and electron microscopy. | 2010 | 20829103 |
| comment on the contribution by weycker et al., "cost of routine immunization of young children against rotavirus infection with rotarix ® versus rotateq ®". | 2010 | 20831915 | |
| racial disparities in diarrhea-associated hospitalizations among children in five us states, before and after introduction of rotavirus vaccine. | racial differences in diarrheal disease have not been systematically examined, and the impact of rotavirus vaccine on these differences has not been assessed. we compared diarrhea-associated hospitalizations by race/ethnicity among children <5 years pre- (2000-2006) and post- (2007 and 2008) rotavirus vaccine introduction in five us states. pre-vaccine hospitalization rates were greater among whites versus blacks and hispanics. however, black (versus non-black) infants <6 months and white (versu ... | 2010 | 20837080 |
| [sybr green i real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of norovirus ii in the shellfish]. | we set up an sybr green i real-time rt-pcr method for the detection of genogroup ii norovirus, and this method's primers were encompassed the conservative region of norovirus ii. the limit of the detection was 10(2) copies. the standard curve's linear range was 10(2)-10(6) copies, correlation coefficient was 0.9952, the slope was -2.982, and the intercept was 35.84. this method possessed specificity for genogroup ii norovirus, without any cross-reaction with rotavirus, adenovirus, hepatitis a vi ... | 2010 | 20815263 |
| pathogen inactivation during passage of stormwater through a constructed reedbed and aquifer transfer, storage and recovery. | a study was undertaken to determine the potential inactivation rates of selected enteric microorganisms in captured urban stormwater within a constructed reedbed and in tertiary carbonated aquifer during an aquifer storage, transfer and recovery (astr) scheme. the study was undertaken in-situ in the constructed reedbed and aquifer using diffusion chambers. the results showed that all tested bacteria had one log(10) reduction time of less than 6 and 2.5 days respectively in constructed reedbeds a ... | 2010 | 20818064 |
| burden on uk secondary care of rotavirus disease and seasonal infections in children. | rotavirus is a common infection affecting children under 5 years, which leads to a significant disease burden. this burden is potentially exacerbated by the seasonality of rotavirus, particularly in the context of the seasonality of other common childhood infections. the primary study objective was to describe the pattern and burden of seasonal infections amongst children under 5 years of age with particular attention placed on rotavirus and other gastrointestinal infections. | 2010 | 20818925 |
| acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (sweet's syndrome) in a child, associated with a rotavirus infection: a case report. | abstract: | 2010 | 20727148 |
| estimating the primary etiologic agents in recreational freshwaters impacted by human sources of faecal contamination. | epidemiology studies of recreational waters have demonstrated that swimmers exposed to faecally-contaminated recreational waters are at risk of excess gastrointestinal illness. epidemiology studies provide valuable information on the nature and extent of health effects, the magnitude of risks, and how these risks are modified or associated with levels of faecal contamination and other measures of pollution. however, such studies have not provided information about the specific microbial agents t ... | 2010 | 20728915 |
| exploring model uncertainty in economic evaluation of health interventions: the example of rotavirus vaccination in vietnam. | motivated by observed discrepancies between 2 published studies on the cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination in vietnam, the authors' objectives were to illustrate a specific, systematic approach to assessing model (structure and process) uncertainty and to quantify explicitly the contributions of different sources of variation in the outputs of different studies that share the same research question. | 2010 | 20729510 |
| pentavalent rotavirus vaccine and prevention of gastroenteritis hospitalizations in australia. | a publicly funded, universal infant pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (rv5) program was implemented in queensland, australia, in mid-2007. we sought to assess vaccine effectiveness (ve) of 3 doses of rv5 at preventing rotavirus and nonrotavirus acute gastroenteritis (age) hospitalizations in the first birth cohort and impact on hospitalizations in all age groups. | 2010 | 20732946 |
| plasmon-induced inactivation of enteric pathogenic microorganisms with ag-agi/al2o3 under visible-light irradiation. | the plasmon-induced photocatalytic inactivation of enteric pathogenic microorganisms in water using ag-agi/al(2)o(3) under visible-light irradiation was investigated. the catalyst was found to be highly effective at killing shigella dysenteriae (s. dysenteriae), escherichia coli (e. coli), and human rotavirus type 2 wa (hrv-wa). its bactericidal efficiency was significantly enhanced by hco(3)(-) and so(4)(2-) ions, which are common in water, while phosphate had a slightly positive effect on the ... | 2010 | 20734989 |
| probiotics in the treatment of acute rotavirus diarrhoea. a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial using two different probiotic preparations in bolivian children. | evidence suggests that probiotics reduce rotavirus diarrhoea duration. although there are several probiotic strains potentially useful, daily practice is often limited by the type and number of products locally available. in general, information about combined products is scarce. in this study we compare the effect of two probiotic products in the treatment of diarrhoea in children less than 2 years of age. | 2010 | 20735858 |
| the american society for virology--29th annual meeting. | the american society for virology 29th annual meeting, held in bozeman, mt, usa, included topics covering new vaccine technologies, delivery methods and treatments in the field of virology. this conference report highlights selected presentations on human norovirus (hunov), sars coronavirus and rift valley fever virus vaccine technologies; programmed cell death-1 (pd1) blockade and hyperacute alpha-gal platform technology methods; aerosol vaccination delivery; novel technologies to produce influ ... | 2010 | 20799142 |
| sequential generalized likelihood ratio tests for vaccine safety evaluation. | the evaluation of vaccine safety involves pre-clinical animal studies, pre-licensure randomized clinical trials, and post-licensure safety studies. sequential design and analysis are of particular interest because they allow early termination of the trial or quick detection that the vaccine exceeds a prescribed bound on the adverse event rate. after a review of the recent developments in this area, we propose a new class of sequential generalized likelihood ratio tests for evaluating adverse eve ... | 2010 | 20799244 |
| detection of rotavirus a in sewage samples using multiplex qpcr and an evaluation of the ultracentrifugation and adsorption-elution methods for virus concentration. | group a rotaviruses (rv-a) are the most common agents of viral gastroenteritis in children worldwide. the goal of this study was to compare two different methods to concentrate rv-a from sewage samples and to improve the detection and quantification of rv-a using a multiplex quantitative pcr assay with an internal control. both rv-a and the internal control virus, bacteriophage pp7, were seeded into wastewater and then concentrated using either an ultrafiltration-based adsorption-elution protoco ... | 2010 | 20804786 |
| prevention of rotavirus infections in vitro with aqueous extracts of quillaja saponaria molina. | rotavirus is the leading cause of severe diarrhea disease in newborns and young children worldwide, estimated to be responsible for over 300,000 childhood deaths every year, mostly in developing countries. rotavirus-related deaths represent approximately 5% of all deaths in children younger than 5 years of age worldwide. saponins are readily soluble in water and are approved by the us fda for inclusion in beverages intended for human consumption. the addition of saponins to existing water suppli ... | 2010 | 20725585 |
| antibodies to pathogenic livestock viruses in a wild vicuña (vicugna vicugna) population in the argentinean andean altiplano. | serum samples from 128 wild vicuñas (vicugna vicugna) were tested for antibodies (ab) to rotavirus (rv), bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (bpiv-3), bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv-1), foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv), bluetongue virus (btv), equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1), and influenza a virus equine (eiv). samples were collected in cieneguillas province of jujuy, in northern argentina. feces from 44 vicuñas were also collected to investigate rv shedding. llamas (la ... | 2010 | 20688660 |
| norovirus gastroenteritis in young children receiving human rotavirus vaccine. | we explored whether human rotavirus vaccine had any efficacy against norovirus (nv)-associated gastroenteritis in young children. in an efficacy trial of rotavirus vaccine, 405 infants were immunized with a human rotavirus vaccine or placebo at a ratio of 2:1, and prospectively followed for acute gastroenteritis (age) from approximately 2 months to 2 y of age. multiplex real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (mrt rt-pcr) assays were used for detection and quantitation of nvs o ... | 2010 | 20524782 |
| emerging trends in the etiology of enteric pathogens as evidenced from an active surveillance of hospitalized diarrhoeal patients in kolkata, india. | abstract: | 2010 | 20525383 |
| detection of rotavirus antigenemia in routinely obtained serum specimens to augment surveillance and vaccine effectiveness evaluations. | : antigenemia is common among children with rotavirus disease. because obtaining stool specimens is cumbersome, we evaluated whether detection of antigenemia in sera obtained during routine clinical practice could augment rotavirus surveillance to assess the effect of vaccination. | 2010 | 20526226 |
| detection and characterisation of group a rotavirus in asymptomatic piglets in southern ireland. | porcine group a rotaviruses (garv) are causative agents of enteritis in piglets and are a large reservoir of genetic material for the diversification of human garvs. accumulation of information on the genetic heterogeneity of porcine viruses is pivotal for readily characterising unusual human strains. screening of 292 fecal samples, collected from 4-5- to 8-9-week-old asymptomatic pigs from four herds in ireland between 2005 and 2007 resulted in 19 (6.5%) samples testing positive by reverse-tran ... | 2010 | 20526785 |
| evaluation of the prevalence of enterotoxigenic bacteroides fragilis and the distribution bft gene subtypes in patients with diarrhea. | the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of enterotoxigenic bacteroides fragilis (etbf) in the patients with diarrhea in our region and to assess the association between diarrhea and bft gene subtypes. the presence of etbf and bft gene subtypes were investigated in 200 stool samples from patients with diarrhea, diagnosed as gastroenteritis, which were sent to clinical microbiology laboratory at zonguldak karaelmas university, training and research hospital and in 200 stool samples f ... | 2010 | 20709181 |
| prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants and children: rotavirus vaccine safety, efficacy, and potential impact of vaccines. | rotavirus infection is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis globally, with greater than 86% of deaths occurring in low-income and middle-income countries. there are two rotavirus vaccines currently licensed in the united states and prequalified by the world health organization. rv1 is a monovalent attenuated human rotavirus strain, given orally in two doses. rv5 is a pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine, given orally in three doses. a third rotavirus vaccine, llv, is ... | 2010 | 20714358 |
| rotavirus and coeliac autoimmunity among adults with non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms. | to determine celiac disease (cd) serology and rotavirus (rv) by polymerase reaction (pcr) in adults with non-specific gastrointestinal complaints. | 2010 | 20714687 |
| cryptosporidium infection in herds with and without calf diarrhoeal problems. | a case-control study was designed to investigate the role of different cryptosporidium spp. in swedish dairy herds with and without calf diarrhoeal problems. faecal samples were collected from preweaned calves, young stock and cows. cryptosporidium oocysts were detected by sodium chloride flotation and epifluorescence microscopy. molecular diagnostics were used to identify cryptosporidium species. samples containing c. parvum were further analysed to determine subtypes. calf faecal samples were ... | 2010 | 20714750 |
| an inside job: subversion of the host secretory pathway by intestinal pathogens. | the cellular secretory pathway, composed of the endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, and cellular vesicles, mediates the intracellular trafficking of proteins and lipids. gastrointestinal pathogens frequently affect the functions of enterocytes, the differentiated cells involved in secretion and absorption of extracellular molecules. microbial pathogenesis can be enhanced by altering the trafficking of key molecules such as brush border enzymes, soluble immune mediators such as cytokines and ... | 2010 | 20717028 |
| improving the performance of enteric vaccines in the developing world. | vaccines against important enteric pathogens such as rotavirus and poliovirus have shown lower efficacy in some populations. the application of new technologies and diverse scientific disciplines are needed to realize the promise of truly universal and effective solutions to combat those and other enteric diseases. | 2010 | 20720580 |
| cholera toxin b subunit modulation of mucosal vaccines for infectious and autoimmune diseases. | parenteral vaccination is generally considered to be the most effective form of therapy for protection against infectious diseases. in recent years, vaccination at mucosal surfaces and combinatorial vaccination strategies that link immunostimulatory molecules to antigens have been developed to enhance vaccine efficacy. prominent among immunological enhancement strategies are the bacterial a and b toxins, which include the cholera toxin (ct)a and ctb subunits. in contrast to the toxic cta subunit ... | 2010 | 20721834 |
| multiplex semi-nested rt-pcr with exogenous internal control for simultaneous detection of bovine coronavirus and group a rotavirus. | neonatal calf diarrhea is a multi-etiology syndrome of cattle and direct detection of the two major agents of the syndrome, group a rotavirus and bovine coronavirus (bcov) is hampered by their fastidious growth in cell culture. this study aimed at developing a multiplex semi-nested rt-pcr for simultaneous detection of bcov (n gene) and group a rotavirus (vp1 gene) with the addition of an internal control (mrna nd5). the assay was tested in 75 bovine feces samples tested previously for rotavirus ... | 2010 | 20723564 |
| reversible cytotoxic oedema in the splenium of the corpus callosum related to tetracycline therapy. | we report a symptomatic girl with reversible circumscribed cytotoxic oedema in the splenium of the corpus callosum (cc) that occurred, to our knowledge, for the first time in relation to tetracycline treatment. after stopping tetracycline therapy the girl recovered completely and the cc lesion, clearly visible on diffusion-weighted mr imaging (dwi), disappeared. reversible circumscribed cytotoxic oedema (cco) of the splenium of the cc is a well-defined entity that is found to be associated with ... | 2010 | 20689948 |
| a novel rt-multiplex pcr for detection of aichi virus, human parechovirus, enteroviruses, and human bocavirus among infants and children with acute gastroenteritis. | a novel reverse transcription-multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay was developed to detect aichi virus, human parechovirus, enteroviruses, and human bocavirus. a mixture of four pairs of published specific primers, 6261 and 6779, ev22(+) and ev22(-), f1 and r1, 188f and 542r, was used to amplify the viral genomes and specifically generate four different amplicon sizes of 519, 270, 440, and 354 bp for aichi virus, human parechovirus, enteroviruses, and human bocavirus, respectively. a total ... | 2010 | 20691209 |
| efficacy of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants in developing countries in sub-saharan africa: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | rotavirus gastroenteritis causes many deaths in infants in sub-saharan africa. because rotavirus vaccines have proven effective in developed countries but had not been tested in developing countries, we assessed efficacy of a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine against severe disease in ghana, kenya, and mali between april, 2007, and march, 2009. | 2010 | 20692030 |
| efficacy of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants in developing countries in asia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | rotavirus vaccine has proved effective for prevention of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants in developed countries, but no efficacy studies have been done in developing countries in asia. we assessed the clinical efficacy of live oral pentavalent rotavirus vaccine for prevention of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants in bangladesh and vietnam. | 2010 | 20692031 |
| rotavirus: realising the potential of a promising vaccine. | 2010 | 20692032 | |
| acute pancreatitis due to rotavirus gastroenteritis in a child. | serum amylase can be elevated in various pathological conditions, but its primary application is as a biochemical test for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. acute gastroenteritis has not been widely recognized as a cause for hyperamylasemia and pancreatitis. | 2010 | 20693860 |
| nosocomial rotavirus gastroenteritis in pediatric patients: a multi-center prospective cohort study. | few data are available on the incidence of nosocomial rotavirus infections (nrvi) in pediatric hospitals and on their economic impact. the goals of this study were: to evaluate the incidence of nrvi in various italian pediatric wards during the course of two peak rv seasons; to investigate possible risk factors for nrvi; to estimate the costs caused by nrvi. | 2010 | 20696065 |
| assessment of adenovirus, hepatitis a virus and rotavirus presence in environmental samples in florianopolis, south brazil. | to assess the presence of human adenovirus (hadv), hepatitis a (hav) virus and rotavirus a (rv-a) in environmental samples from the southern region of brazil and to provide viral contamination data for further epidemiological studies and governmental actions. | 2010 | 20698910 |
| burden of paediatric rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge) and potential benefits of a universal rotavirus vaccination programme with a pentavalent vaccine in spain. | rotavirus is the most common cause of gastroenteritis in young children worldwide. the aim of the study was to assess the health outcomes and the economic impact of a universal rotavirus vaccination programme with rotateq, the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine, versus no vaccination programme in spain. | 2010 | 20698958 |
| seasonal variation of enteropathogens in infants and preschoolers with acute diarrhea in western mexico. | the present study estimates the prevalence of some enteropathogens in infants and preschoolers with acute diarrhea. from 2006 to 2007, 5459 consecutive stool samples were evaluated. cryptosporidium parvum was the parasite identified with the higher frequency (5.1%), followed by giardia lamblia (1.2%). campylobacter jejuni was isolated in 858 cases (15.7%) and was the most frequent enteropathogen overall. the rates of c parvum, shigella, and salmonella were higher in the summer. rotavirus had the ... | 2010 | 20706147 |
| detection of uncommon rotavirus a strains p[8]g8 and p[4]g8 in the city of rio de janeiro, 2002. | group a rotaviruses (rv-a) are the major cause of gastroenteritis in infants and young children around the world. each year rv-a causes approximately 11 million episodes of severe diarrhea, with an estimated of 611,000 deaths. epidemiologic surveys have identified p[8]g1, p[4]g2, p[8]g3, p[8]g4, and p[8]g9 as the most common global genotypes associated with diarrhea in children up to 5-year old. surveillance studies and documentation of rv-a g and p genotypes is necessary for a comprehensive eva ... | 2010 | 20513095 |
| correlation between rotavirus a genotypes detected in hospitalized children and sewage samples in 2006, córdoba, argentina. | routine rotavirus a (rv-a) surveillance is based on clinical cases, so only symptomatic infections are reported. the objective of this study was to determine whether the rv-a genotypes and cold seasonal pattern described in patients with diarrhea is reflected by sewage surveillance, which could be representative of the rv-a genotypes circulating in the population. the genotype distribution of rv-a in effluent samples from a local sewage treatment plant was compared to those from local clinical c ... | 2010 | 20513096 |
| rotaviruses from canadian farm samples. | animal rotavirus (rov) strains detected in canadian swine and dairy cattle farms were characterized by sequence analysis of viral protein 4 (vp4), vp6, vp7 and non-structural protein 4 segments from 15 rov strains. some porcine strains were found to contain a mixture of segments typical of human and animal viruses. one strain represented a novel vp6 genotype "i14", g2-p[27]-i14. other strains detected in porcine samples represented multiple different segment types. these results illustrate the a ... | 2010 | 20517624 |
| pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (rotateq): a review of its use in the prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis in europe. | in europe, rotavirus gastroenteritis is associated with a significant health, economic and social burden, as it is responsible for large numbers of hospitalizations and other healthcare encounters among infants and children, as well as numerous days of work lost by parents and caregivers. rotateq is a three-dose, orally administered, live, pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine used for the active immunization of infants for prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis. the protective ... | 2010 | 20518582 |
| benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis: is it associated with sodium channel gene scn1a mutation? | benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis were afebrile seizures associated with gastroenteritis in previously healthy infants or young children. it has been thought to be a continual spectrum of benign infantile convulsions because of overlapping clinical pictures. recently, molecular genetic studies have suggested a channelopathy in benign infantile convulsions. the authors prospectively studied the clinical features of benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis in taiwanese children and ... | 2010 | 20519669 |
| an update on management of severe acute infectious gastroenteritis in children. | this article focuses on clinical and diagnostic aspects relevant to severe acute infectious gastroenteritis in children and will update treatment strategies focused on, although not limited to, anti-infective therapy. for the purposes of this article we will consider severe acute infectious gastroenteritis as follows: watery diarrhea accompanied by, or at high risk for, moderate to severe dehydration due to abrupt onset of vomiting that reduces oral intake, and/or frequent emission of liquid sto ... | 2010 | 20521895 |
| phylodynamic analyses of rotavirus genotypes g9 and g12 underscore their potential for swift global spread. | rotaviruses (rvs) are responsible for more than 600,000 child deaths each year. the worldwide introduction of two life oral vaccines rotateq and rotarix is believed to reduce this number significantly. before the licensing of both vaccines, two new genotypes, g9 and g12, emerged in the human population and were able to spread across the entire globe in a very short time span. to quantify the vp7 mutation rates of these g9 and g12 genotypes and to estimate their most recent common ancestors, we u ... | 2010 | 20522727 |
| identification of p[8]b subtype in op354-like human rotavirus strains by a modified rt-pcr method. | in our previous study, a novel p[8] subtype, i.e., p[8]b was identified for human rotavirus strains mmc38 and mmc71 detected in bangladesh, of which the p types could not be determined by conventional rt-pcr genotyping methods. in the present study, a modified multiplex rt-pcr method was developed to detect p[8]b as well as common human rotavirus p types. with this method, p[8]b was detected in three strains among the 26 rotavirus specimens which had been judged as mixed p types in the previous ... | 2010 | 20495277 |
| innate immune responses to human rotavirus in the neonatal gnotobiotic piglet disease model. | intestinal and systemic dendritic cell (dc) frequencies, serum and small intestinal content cytokines and uptake/binding of human rotavirus (hrv) virus-like particles (vlp) were studied in hrv acutely infected or mock-inoculated neonatal gnotobiotic piglets. intestinal, mesenteric lymph node (mln) and splenic plasmacytoid dcs (pdcs), conventional dcs (cdcs) and macrophages/monocytes were assessed by flow cytometry. in infected pigs, serum and small intestinal content interferon-α (ifn-α) were hi ... | 2010 | 20497255 |
| complete genome constellation of a caprine group a rotavirus strain reveals common evolution with ruminant and human rotavirus strains. | this study reports the first complete genome sequence of a caprine group a rotavirus (gar) strain, go34. the vp7-vp4-vp6-vp1-vp2-vp3-nsp1-nsp2-nsp3-nsp4-nsp5 genes of strain go34, detected in bangladesh, were assigned to the g6-p[1]-i2-r2-c2-m2-a11-n2-t6-e2-h3 genotypes, respectively. strain go34 was closely related to the vp4, vp6-7 and nsp4-5 genes of bovine gars and the nsp1 gene of go34 to an ovine gar. strain go34 shared low nucleotide sequence identities (<90 %) with vp2-3 genes of other g ... | 2010 | 20505013 |
| clinical and radiological features of rotavirus cerebellitis. | neurological manifestations, such as benign convulsions and encephalitis/encephalopathy have been reported in patients with rotavirus gastroenteritis. however, cerebellitis has not attracted much attention. the purpose of this study was to identify and report the clinical and radiologic features of rotavirus cerebellitis. | 2010 | 20507935 |
| [difficulties in diagnosing febrile states in 3-month-old infant]. | wide spectrum of infectious causes should be considered while diagnosing febrile states in infants.the aim of study is to present the case of 3-month-old infant with febrile states. boy was admitted to department of pediatrics to infant unit because of the febrile states lasting for 4 weeks. perinatal history: first pregnancy, cesarean section in 39 weeks of gestation due to mother's pointed condyloma, birth weight 3140 g, apgar score 10 in first minute. there was no information about the course ... | 2010 | 20509567 |
| analysis of rotavirus non-structural protein nsp5 by mass spectrometry reveals a complex phosphorylation pattern. | genomic replication and partial assembly of rotavirus takes place in cytoplasmic viral structures called viroplasms. nsp5 is a viral phosphoprotein localized in viroplasms and its expression is imperative for viral cycle progress. during infection three isoforms of nsp5 can be observed by sds-page (26, 28 and 33-35kda) and previous reports suggested that they differ in their phosphorylation patterns. in this study we obtained nsp5 from infected cells and by mass spectrometry we were able to iden ... | 2010 | 20036292 |
| reduction in acute gastroenteritis hospitalizations among us children after introduction of rotavirus vaccine: analysis of hospital discharge data from 18 us states. | in 2006, rotateq (rv5) was recommended for routine vaccination of united states (us) infants. we compared hospitalization rates for acute gastroenteritis among us children aged <5 years during pre-rv5 rotavirus seasons from 2000 through 2006 with those during the post-rv5 2007 and 2008 seasons. | 2010 | 20402596 |
| mouse intestinal villi as a model system for studies of rotavirus infection. | rotavirus replicates in the mature enterocytes lining the villi of the small intestine and the availability of an in vitro system for culturing these natural target cells would contribute to substantial advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of rotavirus. a novel in vitro system was established for culturing isolated small intestinal villi from suckling mice, and the susceptibility of the villus cells to the wild-type murine rotavirus edim-cambridge (ecwt) infection was assessed by im ... | 2010 | 20403385 |
| presence of enteric viruses in source waters for drinking water production in the netherlands. | the quality of drinking water in the netherlands has to comply with the dutch drinking water directive: less than one infection in 10,000 persons per year may occur due to consumption of unboiled drinking water. since virus concentrations in drinking waters may be below the detection limit but entail a public health risk, the infection risk from drinking water consumption requires the assessment of the virus concentrations in source waters and of the removal efficiency of treatment processes. in ... | 2010 | 20622124 |
| development of a panel of multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for simultaneous detection of major agents causing calf diarrhea in feces. | calf diarrhea is a major economic burden to the bovine industry. since multiple infectious agents can be involved in calf diarrhea, and the detection of each of the causative agents by traditional methods is laborious and expensive, a panel of 2 multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays was developed for rapid and simultaneous detection of the 5 major bovine enteric pathogens (i.e., bovine coronavirus [bcov; formally known as betacoronavirus 1], group a bovine rotavirus [brv], s ... | 2010 | 20622219 |
| the bovine lactophorin c-terminal fragment and pas6/7 were both potent in the inhibition of human rotavirus replication in cultured epithelial cells and the prevention of experimental gastroenteritis. | rotaviruses are the leading cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea in children worldwide. we have found that high-m(r) glycoprotein fraction (f1) from cow's milk whey has potent inhibitory activity against human rotavirus (hrv) in cell culture. the present study was undertaken to identify and characterize the components responsible for this inhibitory activity. f1 was initially heated at 95 degrees c for 30 min, rendering milk antibodies inert, subjected to ammonium sulfate fractionation, and then ... | 2010 | 20622446 |
| performance of rotavirus vaccines in developed and developing countries. | the world health organization estimates that rotavirus diarrhea results in approximately half a million deaths and approximately 2.4 million hospitalizations in developing countries each year. two live oral rotavirus vaccines, rotateq® (rv 5; merck) and rotarix® (rv 1; glaxosmithkline) with good efficacy against severe rotavirus disease and a reassuring safety profile could substantially impact the burden of rotavirus disease. in april 2009, who provided a recommendation for global introduction ... | 2010 | 20622508 |
| oral vaccination with the porcine rotavirus vp4 outer capsid protein expressed by lactococcus lactis induces specific antibody production. | the objective of this study to design a delivery system resistant to the gastrointestinal environment for oral vaccine against porcine rotavirus. lactococcus lactis nz9000 was transformed with segments of vp4 of the porcine rotavirus inserted into the pnz8112 surface-expression vector, and a recombinant l. lactis expressing vp4 protein was constructed. an approximately 27 kda vp4 protein was confirmed by sds-page , western blot and immunostaining analysis. balb/c mice were immunized orally with ... | 2010 | 20625406 |
| genetic characterization of rotavirus in children in south korea from 2007 to 2009. | rotavirus is the most important etiological agent in children with acute gastroenteritis (age). the recent implementation of a rotavirus vaccine in korea requires the monitoring of prevailing rotavirus strains in order to control the infection. one hundred thirty-nine rotavirus strains were detected in children hospitalized with age in seoul, korea from 2007 to 2009. the most frequent combination of genotypes was g9p[8] (32.1%), followed by g1p[8] (20.7%) and g3p[8] (11.7%). mixed g-types were d ... | 2010 | 20625775 |
| chemical and microbiological parameters as possible indicators for human enteric viruses in surface water. | there are still conflicting results on the suitability of chemical and microbiological parameters as indicators for the viral contamination of surface waters. in this study, conducted over 20 months, the abundance of human adenovirus, human polyomavirus, enterovirus, group a rotavirus and norovirus was determined in ruhr and rhine rivers, germany. additionally, prevalence of different possible indicators such as somatic coliphages, e. coli, intestinal enterococci, and total coliforms was also co ... | 2010 | 20627679 |
| detecting food- and waterborne viruses by surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy. | food- and waterborne viruses pose serious health risks to humans and were associated with many outbreaks worldwide. rapid, accurate, and nondestructive methods for detection of viruses are of great importance to protect public health. in this study, surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy (sers) coupled with gold sers-active substrates was used to detect and discriminate 7 food- and waterborne viruses, including norovirus, adenovirus, parvovirus, rotavirus, coronavirus, paramyxovirus, and herpersvir ... | 2010 | 20629888 |
| genogroup iib norovirus infections and association with enteric symptoms in a neonatal nursery in southern india. | noroviruses (novs) are increasingly recognized as an important cause of acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. however, there are limited data on the role of novs in neonatal infections and disease. the objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence of novs in neonates with gastrointestinal disease using a case-control study design and to characterize the nov strains infecting neonates. a total of 309 fecal samples from 161 neonates with gastrointestinal symptoms and 148 ... | 2010 | 20631107 |
| protein kinase r is responsible for the phosphorylation of eif2alpha in rotavirus infection. | the eukaryotic initiation translation factor 2 (eif2) represents a key point in the regulation of protein synthesis. this factor delivers the initiator met-trna to the ribosome, a process that is conserved in all eukaryotic cells. many types of stress reduce global translation by triggering the phosphorylation of the α subunit of eif2, which reduces the formation of the preinitiation translation complexes. early during rotavirus infection, eif2α becomes phosphorylated, and even under these condi ... | 2010 | 20631127 |
| the genome segments of a group d rotavirus possess group a-like conserved termini but encode group-specific proteins. | rotaviruses are a leading cause of viral acute gastroenteritis in humans and animals. they are grouped according to gene composition and antigenicity of vp6. whereas group a, b, and c rotaviruses are found in humans and animals, group d rotaviruses have been exclusively detected in birds. despite their broad distribution among chickens, no nucleotide sequence data exist so far. here, the first complete genome sequence of a group d rotavirus (strain 05v0049) is presented, which was amplified usin ... | 2010 | 20631147 |
| different rotavirus strains enter ma104 cells through different endocytic pathways: the role of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. | rotaviruses, the single most important agents of acute severe gastroenteritis in children, are nonenveloped viruses formed by a three-layered capsid that encloses a genome formed by 11 segments of double-stranded rna. the mechanism of entry of these viruses into the host cell is not well understood. the best-studied strain, rrv, which is sensitive to neuraminidase (na) treatment of the cells, uses integrins alpha2 beta1 and alphav beta3 and the heat shock protein hsc70 as receptors and enters ma ... | 2010 | 20631149 |
| sustained protection from pentavalent rotavirus vaccination during the second year of life at a large, urban united states pediatric hospital. | fecal specimens from children presenting to texas children's hospital with acute gastroenteritis were tested for the presence of rotavirus. children were grouped according to vaccination status, and pentavalent rotavirus vaccine effectiveness was calculated. pentavalent rotavirus vaccine effectiveness against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis was sustained during the first 2 years of the vaccination program. overall 3-dose effectiveness was 83% to 86%; it was 92% to 93% among children 6 to 11 mon ... | 2010 | 20634776 |
| [benign infantile convulsions with mild gastroenteritis: clinical analysis of 40 cases]. | to investigate the pathogenesis, clinical characteristics and treatment of benign infantile convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (bicg). | 2010 | 20637150 |
| oral administration of plant-based rotavirus vp6 induces antigen-specific igas, iggs and passive protection in mice. | plant viruses show significant potential as expression vectors for producing foreign proteins in plants. in this study, codon-optimized vp6 gene (svp6) of human rotavirus was engineered as a replacement to the coat protein (cp) open reading frame of beet black scorch virus (bbsv). in vitro-generated rna transcripts corresponding to the engineered virus were infectious when inoculated onto the leaves of chenopodium amaranticolor. molecular analysis revealed that svp6 was efficiently expressed and ... | 2010 | 20637305 |