Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| ectoparasites of dogs in home environments on the caribbean slope of costa rica. | reports on ectoparasites on dogs in central america are scarce. the aim of this study was to identify flea, louse and tick species infesting dogs in home environments on the caribbean slope of costa rica, and determine their frequency and coexistence. ectoparasites were collected from dogs in 83 rural homes at five study sites. specimens were identified and separated according to species. fleas were the most common ectoparasite (g = 22,217, df = 8, p = 0.004). ctenocephalides felis and pulex sim ... | 2013 | 22832763 |
| tissue expression and the host's immunological recognition of a rhipicephalus microplus paramyosin. | rhipicephalus microplus is a parasite that causes economic losses in cattle herds, and immunological control is the most promising alternative to replace chemical control. the muscular protein paramyosin has been additionally found in non-muscle tissues and characterized as presenting activities that enable the evasion of the host's immune system in various parasites. this report investigated the recognition level of paramyosin by sera of infested bovines, its expression in tissues, organs and d ... | 2013 | 23906807 |
| rhipicephalus microplus lipocalins (lrms): genomic identification and analysis of the bovine immune response using in silico predicted b and t cell epitopes. | the attachment to host skin by rhipicephalus microplus larvae induces a series of physiological events at the attachment site. the host-parasite interaction might induce a rejection of the larvae, as is frequently observed in bos taurus indicus cattle, and under certain conditions in bos taurus taurus cattle. ticks deactivate the host rejection response by secreting specific proteins and lipids that play an essential role in manipulation of the host immune response. the available genomic informa ... | 2013 | 23747800 |
| association of bovine toll-like receptor 4 with tick infestation rates and blood histamine concentration. | we investigated a possible association between bovine toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4) and resistance to tick infestation in 103 cattle, including bmy cattle (1/2 brahman, 1/4 murray grey, and 1/4 yunnan yellow cattle), brahman, and red angus grazing on improved pasture. the tick infestation weight and number of rhipicephalus microplus and the blood histamine concentration were measured and compared with those of 32 chinese holsteins and 30 simmentals. a 228-bp fragment was amplified and sequenced to ... | 2013 | 23479166 |
| partial selective treatment of rhipicephalus microplus and breed resistance variation in beef cows in rio grande do sul, brazil. | rhipicephalus microplus infestation causes heavy losses in cattle. the majority of farmers control the cattle tick by using long-acting drugs throughout the year, which evidently increases selection pressure for drug resistance. partial selective treatment (pst) may be used to directly reduce selection pressure by treating only the portion of the herd that is most infested. the objective of this work was to determine the effect of pst in two herds of beef cows and the effect of breed tolerance. ... | 2013 | 23219046 |
| lesser protein degradation machinery correlates with higher bm86 tick vaccine efficacy in rhipicephalus annulatus when compared to rhipicephalus microplus. | infestations with cattle ticks, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus and rhipicephalus annulatus, economically impact cattle production in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. vaccines containing the recombinant r. microplus bm86 gut antigen were developed and commercialized to induce an immunological protection in cattle against tick infestations. these vaccines demonstrated that tick control by vaccination is cost-effective, reduces environmental contamination and prevents the selecti ... | 2013 | 23973246 |
| in vitro and in vivo evaluation of cypermethrin, amitraz, and piperonyl butoxide mixtures for the control of resistant rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae) in the mexican tropics. | a study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of cypermethrin, amitraz, and piperonyl butoxide (pbo) mixtures, through in vitro laboratory bioassays and in vivo on-animal efficacy trials, for the control of resistant rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus on cattle in the mexican tropics. also, to examine mechanisms of resistance to cypermethrin in this tick population, the frequency of a mutated sodium channel gene (f1550i) was determined using a pcr assay. results of laboratory bioassays using m ... | 2013 | 23948559 |
| resistance of beef cattle of two genetic groups to ectoparasites and gastrointestinal nematodes in the state of são paulo, brazil. | the resistance to infestations by ectoparasites and infections by gastrointestinal nematodes was studied in 45 animals (males and females) of two genetic groups: purebred nelore (ni, n=28) and three-cross (1/2 angus+1/4 canchim+1/4 nelore - tc, n=17). the animals were monitored for 24 months, during which they were left to graze in tropical pastures without receiving treatment for parasites. each month the animals were examined for infestations by external parasites, to count the numbers of catt ... | 2013 | 23916059 |
| susceptibility of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae) to pyrethroids and their associations in pernambuco, brazil. | the synthetic pyrethroids and their associations have been widely used for controlling rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. the frequent use of acaricides has been inducing the development of resistance in the tick populations. the aim of this study was to assess the susceptibility of r. (b.) microplus populations to pyrethroids and their associations in the region of garanhuns, pernambuco, brazil. in addition, the level of information among farm owners regarding tick control measures was invest ... | 2013 | 23856731 |
| first record of the pantropical blue tick rhipicephalus microplus in namibia. | the invasive pantropical blue tick, rhipicephalus microplus, has recently been collected from cattle in namibia. a cross-sectional study aimed at recording the geographic distribution of rhipicephalus decoloratus and establishing whether r. microplus is present in namibia was conducted towards the end of summer (march-april) 2013. ticks were collected from cattle on 18 privately owned farms across a large geographical scale. ticks were collected from three to five cattle per farm and species bel ... | 2013 | 23851930 |
| effects of macrocyclic lactones on the reproductive parameters of engorged rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus females detached from experimentally infested cattle. | the present study therefore assessed the deleterious effects of mls (ivermectin, abamectin, doramectin and moxidectin) on the reproductive parameters of engorged rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus females that naturally detached from experimentally infested cattle in two experiments. the following reproductive parameters of engorged female ticks were analyzed: female weight, egg mass weight, percentage of hatchability, percentage of reduction in oviposition, percentage of reduction in hatchabil ... | 2013 | 23792004 |
| displacement of rhipicephalus decoloratus by rhipicephalus microplus (acari: ixodidae) in the eastern cape province, south africa. | the objective of the study was to establish to what extent the native tick species rhipicephalus decoloratus has been displaced by the invasive introduced tick, rhipicephalus microplus at two communally grazed areas in the eastern cape province, south africa. to this end ticks were collected monthly from five cattle over a period of 2 years and from 10 drag-samples of the vegetation over a period of 1 year at each locality. whereas 10 years previously only r. decoloratus and no r. microplus had ... | 2013 | 23771510 |
| the effects of a pour-on formulation of fluazuron 2.5 % and flumethrin 1 % on populations of rhipicephalus decoloratus and rhipicephalus microplus both on and off bovine (bonsmara breed) hosts. | the present study demonstrated the efficacy of a pour-on formulation of fluazuron 2.5 % and flumethrin 1 % (drastic deadline extreme®) against rhipicephalus decoloratus and rhipicephalus microplus on cattle on pasture previously grazed by experimentally infested animals. six tick-free cattle were placed on the pasture and treated 7 days later (day 0) with the pour-on. they were retreated on days 63, 126 and 189 and monthly tick counts were done. mean numbers of adult r. decoloratus and/or r. mic ... | 2013 | 23749085 |
| in vitro assessment of the acaricidal activity of computer-selected analogues of carvacrol and salicylic acid on rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is a tick that causes huge economic losses in cattle. the indiscriminate use of acaricides has generated resistance to most compounds present on the market. this makes further investigation on other potential acaricides necessary, the in silico assay being an alternative to the design of new compounds. in the present study a biosilico assay was performed using tomocomd-cardd (topological molecular computer design-computer-aided rational drug design) and weka ( ... | 2013 | 23543288 |
| determination of acaricide resistance in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae) field populations of argentina, south africa, and australia with the larval tarsal test. | infestations with ticks have an important economic impact on the cattle industry worldwide and resistance to acaricides has become a widespread phenomenon. to optimize their treatment strategy, farmers need to know if and against which classes potential acaricide-resistance does occur. bioassays are used to assess the resistance level and pattern of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus populations. the objective of the current study was to assess the susceptibility of field populations originatin ... | 2013 | 23540121 |
| efficacy of strychnos spinosa (lam.) and solanum incanum l. aqueous fruit extracts against cattle ticks. | the efficacy of solanum incanum and strychnos spinosa aqueous fruit extracts was evaluated against cattle ticks in on-station experiments and laboratory tick bioassays. in the on-station experiment using cattle, fruit extracts were applied at three concentrations 5, 10, and 20 % (w/v) and compared with a commercial acaricide, tickbuster (amitraz) spray (positive control) and no treatment (negative control). the treatments were applied at weekly intervals for 6 weeks as surface sprays on 32 masho ... | 2013 | 23456785 |
| cutaneous hypersensitivity responses to rhipicephalus tick larval antigens in pre-sensitized cattle. | nguni cattle are known to be more resistant to ticks than bonsmara cattle, even if the immunological mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon are not fully understood. cutaneous hypersensitivity responses to unfed larval extracts (ule) of the ticks rhipicephalus decoloratus and rhipicephalus microplus were investigated in nguni and bonsmara cattle to improve knowledge on the immunity to ticks. hypersensitivity reactions were induced by intradermal inoculation of 0.1ml of ule of r. decoloratus ... | 2013 | 23453577 |
| influence of the physiological state on infestation by rhipicephalus microplus in dairy cows. | the purpose of this study was to identify the influence of physiological state, season, breed, number of lactations, dairy productivity, and stocking rate on infestation by rhipicephalus microplus in dairy cows. two hundred cows were selected through proportional representative sampling at the seropédica experimental station (pesagro-rio), brazil. fully or partially engorged r. microplus females measuring between 4.5 and 8.0mm were counted on the right side of each animal. the tick infestation p ... | 2013 | 23238247 |
| acaricidal properties of ricinus communis leaf extracts against organophosphate and pyrethroids resistant rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | indian cattle ticks have developed resistance to commonly used acaricides and an attempt has been made to formulate an ecofriendly herbal preparation for the control of acaricide resistant ticks. a 95% ethanolic extract of ricinus communis was used to test the efficacy against reference acaricide resistant lines by in vitro assay. in in vitro assay, the extract significantly affects the mortality rate of ticks in dose-dependent manner ranging from 35.0 ± 5.0 to 95.0 ± 5.0% with an additional eff ... | 2013 | 23084038 |
| bovine immunoprotection against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus with recombinant bm86-campo grande antigen. | the southern cattle fever tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, is no doubt the most economically important ectoparasite of cattle globally. the inappropriate use of chemical acaricides has driven the evolution of resistance in populations of r. (b.) microplus. anti-tick vaccines represent a technology that can be combined with acaricides in integrated control programs to mitigate the impact of r. (b.) microplus. the recombinant form of bm86 antigen from the campo grande (rbm86-cg) strain o ... | 2012 | 23070436 |
| principal component analysis on the perceptions of milk producers about rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus control in minas gerais. | milk producers in lavras, passos and divinópolis, minas gerais, were interviewed with the aim of evaluating their perceptions and attitudes regarding control over rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. multivariate correlation between the variables was done by means of principal component analysis. the producers' perceptions and attitudes regarding r. (b.) microplus were similar: most of them did not have any basic knowledge of tick biology or control, and they applied acaricide products through b ... | 2012 | 23070431 |
| efficacy of hyalomma scupense (hd86) antigen against hyalomma excavatum and h. scupense tick infestations in cattle. | the rhipicephalus microplus recombinant bm86-based tick vaccines have shown their efficacy for the control of several hyalomma cattle ticks genera, namely h. dromedarii and h. anatolicum. however, h. scupense species, the most important tick in north africa has never been studied. vaccination trials using either a recombinant bm86-based vaccine or a recombinant hd86-based vaccine (the bm86 ortholog in h. scupense) were conducted in cattle against immature and adult h. scupense ticks and adult h. ... | 2012 | 23036501 |
| evaluation of different extracts and synthesised silver nanoparticles from leaves of euphorbia prostrata against haemaphysalis bispinosa and hippobosca maculata. | the present study was based on assessments of the antiparasitic activity to determine the efficacies of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol and aqueous leaf extracts of euphorbia prostrata ait. (euphorbiaceae) and synthesised ag nanoparticles (nps) using aqueous leaf extract against the adult cattle tick haemaphysalis bispinosa neumann (acarina: ixodidae) and the haematophagous fly hippobosca maculata leach (diptera: hippoboscidae). synthesised ag nps were characterised with ult ... | 2012 | 22429701 |
| efficacy of rbm86 against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (ivri-i line) and hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum (ivri-ii line) infestations on bovine calves. | with an aim to evaluate the protective potentiality of rbm86 against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus indian veterinary research institute (ivri)-i line and hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum ivri-ii line infestations on crossbred (bos indicus × bos taurus) calves, 20 animals of 3 months of age were randomly divided in to four equal groups and maintained in tick-proof conditions. animals of groups 1 and 2 were immunized with 2 ml of rbm86 (100 μg)-based vaccine (procured from revetmex s.a. de c.v ... | 2012 | 22422293 |
| ectoparasites of livestock, dogs, and wild rodents in the chittagong hill tracts in southeastern bangladesh. | a large variety of ectoparasites parasitizing on livestock, dogs, and rodents are documented throughout the world, of which several are proven vectors for major (including zoonotic) diseases affecting humans and/or livestock. however, there remains a significant lack of knowledge in regard to the ectoparasite fauna in remote regions of the developing world, such as southeastern bangladesh, and an urgent need to investigate this fauna to improve diagnostic options. in the course of the present st ... | 2012 | 22576854 |
| virulence of isaria sp. and purpureocillium lilacinum to rhipicephalus microplus tick under laboratory conditions. | rhipicephalus microplus (canestrini) is an ectoparasite accountable for great economic losses. the use of entomopathogenic fungi to control arthropods has shown promising responses. the present study evaluated the virulence of isaria farinosa (holmsk.) fr., isaria fumosorosea (wize) brown and smith, and purpureocillium lilacinum (=paecilomyces lilacinus) (thom.) samson to engorged females, eggs, and larvae of r. microplus. there were four treatment groups (10(5), 10(6), 10(7), and 10(8) conidia ... | 2012 | 22710525 |
| virulence potential of metarhizium anisopliae s.l. isolates on rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus larvae. | the use of entomopathogenic fungi to control arthropods has been reported worldwide for decades. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the virulence of 30 metarhizium anisopliae s.l. brazilian isolates from different geographical regions, hosts or substrates on the larvae of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus ticks under in vitro conditions to the selection of virulent isolates in order to be further used in biological control programs. the current study confirmed the lethal action of m. ... | 2012 | 22840642 |
| resistant ticks inhibit metarhizium infection prior to haemocoel invasion by reducing fungal viability on the cuticle surface. | we studied disease progression of, and host responses to, four species in the metarhizium anisopliae complex expressing green fluorescent protein (gfp). we compared development and determined their relative levels of virulence against two susceptible arthropods, the cattle tick rhipicephalus annulatus and the lepidopteran galleria mellonella, and two resistant ticks, hyalomma excavatum and rhipicephalus sanguineus. metarhizium brunneum ma7 caused the greatest mortality of r. annulatus, metarhizi ... | 2012 | 22507442 |
| efficacy of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus bm86 against hyalomma dromedarii and amblyomma cajennense tick infestations in camels and cattle. | the recombinant bm86-based tick vaccines have shown their efficacy for the control of cattle ticks, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus and r. annulatus infestations. however, cattle ticks often co-exist with multi-host ticks such as hyalomma and amblyomma species, thus requiring the control of multiple tick infestations for cattle and other hosts. vaccination trials using a r. microplus recombinant bm86-based vaccine were conducted in cattle and camels against hyalomma dromedarii and in cattle ... | 2012 | 22446633 |
| protective immunity against tick infestation in cattle vaccinated with recombinant trypsin inhibitor of rhipicephalus microplus. | the cattle tick, rhipicephalus microplus, is regarded as the most economically important ectoparasite of livestock globally. control is achieved primarily through the use of acaricides. this approach is hampered by the development of resistance to commercial acaricides among cattle tick populations. vaccination against r. microplus infestation is another technology that can be integrated for effective cattle tick control. proteins belonging to the kunitz-bpti family are abundant in cattle tick s ... | 2012 | 22959980 |
| immunization of cattle with ra86 impedes rhipicephalus appendiculatus nymphal-to-adult molting. | commercial vaccines based on the tick gut protein bm86 have been successful in controlling the one-host tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus and provide heterologous protection against certain other non-target ixodid tick species. this cross protection, however, does not extend to the three-host tick r. appendiculatus, the vector of the protozoan parasite theileria parva. when transmitted to cattle, t. parva causes the often fatal disease east coast fever. here, we used insect cell-expressed ... | 2012 | 22658857 |
| rickettsia sp. strain colombianensi (rickettsiales: rickettsiaceae): a new proposed rickettsia detected in amblyomma dissimile (acari: ixodidae) from iguanas and free-living larvae ticks from vegetation. | from january to december 2009, 55 amblyomma dissimile (koch) ticks removed from iguanas in the municipality of monteria and 3,114 ticks [458 amblyomma sp. larvae, 2,636 rhipicephalus microplus (canestrini) larvae and 20 amblyomma sp. nymphs] collected over vegetation in los cordobas were included in the study. the ticks were pooled into groups from which dna was extracted. for initial screening of rickettsia sp., each pool was analyzed by glta real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr). positive ... | 2012 | 22897060 |
| effect of oil-based formulations of acaripathogenic fungi to control rhipicephalus microplus ticks under laboratory conditions. | the formulations of acaripathogenic fungi to control ticks have been widely studied. the present study evaluated the efficacy of oil-based formulations of metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato (s.l.), isolate ma 959, and beauveria bassiana, isolate bb 986, on different rhipicephalus microplus stages, comparing the efficacy between aqueous suspensions and 10, 15 and 20% mineral oil formulations. twelve groups were formed: one aqueous control group; three mineral oil control groups, at 10, 15 or 20%; ... | 2012 | 22480883 |
| detection of anti-borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) in the state of pará, brazil. | this study aimed to investigate the frequency of homologous antibodies of igg class against borrelia burgdorferi in buffaloes in the state of pará, brazil. blood serum samples from 491 buffaloes were analyzed by means of the indirect elisa test, using crude antigen produced from a cultivar of the north american strain g39/40 of b. burgdorferi. there were 412 positive samples (83.91%), and there was no statistically significant difference in the proportions of positive animals between the 81.69% ... | 2012 | 23070455 |
| primary embryonic cells of rhipicephalus microplus and amblyomma cajennense ticks as a substrate for the development of borrelia burgdorferi (strain g39/40). | borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of lyme borreliosis, is a spirochetes transmitted by ticks to humans and animals. its cultivation in vitro in tick cells allows studies of its biology and provides methodology for future research in brazil, and for the isolation of borrelia spp. we examined in vitro the characteristics of embryonic cells of rhipicephalus microplus and amblyomma cajennense in cell culture and investigated the suitability of embryonic cells as a substrate for cultivation of b. burgd ... | 2012 | 22990829 |
| purification and characterization of hb 98-114: a novel hemoglobin-derived antimicrobial peptide from the midgut of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | the antimicrobial activity of hemoglobin fragments (hemocidins) has been reported in a variety of models. the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is a blood sucking arthropod from where the first in vivo-generated hemocidin was characterized (hb 33-61). in the present work we identified a novel antimicrobial peptide from the midgut of fully engorged r. (b.) microplus females, which comprises the amino acids 98-114 of the alpha subunit of bovine hemoglobin, and was designated hb 98-11 ... | 2012 | 22749988 |
| chemical composition and biological activities of essential oil from hyptis crenata growing in the brazilian cerrado. | essential oils from species of the genus hyptis are well-known for their significant biological properties, including antimicrobial and acaricidal activities. the essential oil from the aerial parts of h. crenata was obtained by hydrodistillation; bomeol (17.8%), 1,8-cineol (15.6%) and p-cimene (7.9%) were characterized by gc-ms as its major constituents. the essential oil was evaluated in vitro for its antimicrobial activities against six fungal and five bacterial strains, by measuring the resp ... | 2012 | 23157018 |
| [cloning and expression of triosephosphate isomerase gene of boophilus microplus]. | total rna was extracted from adult boophilus microplus. rt-pcr was used to amplify the gene and the fragment was subcloned into the expression vector pet-28a. the cloned gene was expressed in e. coli rosseta (de3), induced by iptg, and identified by sds-page. the results showed that the triosephosphate isomerase (tim) gene of b. microplus has 750bp and encodes 249 amino acids (genbank no. jx112888). the cloned tim gene shares 99% homology with that in tick embryos. the relative molecular weight ... | 2012 | 23072171 |
| a nuclear single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) potentially useful for the separation of rhodnius prolixus from members of the rhodnius robustus cryptic species complex (hemiptera: reduviidae). | the design and application of rational strategies that rely on accurate species identification are pivotal for effective vector control. when morphological identification of the target vector species is impractical, the use of molecular markers is required. here we describe a non-coding, single-copy nuclear dna fragment that contains a single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) with the potential to distinguish the important domestic chagas disease vector, rhodnius prolixus, from members of the four s ... | 2012 | 23219914 |
| cloning and characterization of a p2x receptor expressed in the central nervous system of lymnaea stagnalis. | p2x receptors are membrane ion channels gated by extracellular atp. mammals possess seven distinct p2x subtypes (p2x1-7) that have important functions in a wide array of physiological processes including roles in the central nervous system (cns) where they have been linked to modulation of neurotransmitter release. we report here the cloning and functional characterization of a p2x receptor from the mollusc lymnaea stagnalis. this model organism has a relatively simple cns consisting of large re ... | 2012 | 23209755 |
| subclinical anaplasmosis in camel (camelus dromedarius) and its successful therapeutic management. | on the indian sub continent, dromedarian camel -'the ship of the desert' is an important constituent of the socio economic life style of nomadic owners in the semi arid to arid ecosystems. the animal suffers from a few parasitic diseases viz. surra, coccidiosis, sarcocystis, gastro intestinal concurrent metazoan infections, mange, nasal bots and ticks infestations. however, anaplasmosis in camel has not been reported so far from the indian subcontinent. systematic investigations of a 7 year male ... | 2012 | 24808644 |
| molecular and pharmacological characterization of serotonin 5-ht2α and 5-ht7 receptors in the salivary glands of the blowfly calliphora vicina. | secretion in blowfly (calliphora vicina) salivary glands is stimulated by the biogenic amine serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-ht), which activates both inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (insp(3))/ca(2+) and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (camp) signalling pathways in the secretory cells. in order to characterize the signal-inducing 5-ht receptors, we cloned two cdnas (cv5-ht2α, cv5-ht7) that share high similarity with mammalian 5-ht(2) and 5-ht(7) receptor genes, respectively. rt-pcr demonstra ... | 2012 | 23145175 |
| inhibition of enzyme activity of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus triosephosphate isomerase and bme26 cell growth by monoclonal antibodies. | in the present work, we produced two monoclonal antibodies (brbm37 and brbm38) and tested their action against the triosephosphate isomerase of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (rmtim). these antibodies recognize epitopes on both the native and recombinant forms of the protein. rrmtim inhibition by brbm37 was up to 85% whereas that of brbrm38 was 98%, depending on the antibody-enzyme ratio. rmtim activity was lower in ovarian, gut, and fat body tissue extracts treated with brbm37 or brb ... | 2012 | 23202941 |
| generation of full-length cdnas for eight putative gpcnr from the cattle tick, r. microplus using a targeted degenerate pcr and sequencing strategy. | we describe here a rapid and efficient method for the targeted isolation of specific members of gene families without the need for cloning. using this strategy we isolated full length cdnas for eight putative g-protein coupled neurotransmitter receptors (gpcnr) from the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. gene specific degenerate primers were designed using aligned amino acid sequences of similar receptor types from several insect and arachnid species. these primers were used to amp ... | 2012 | 22403662 |
| an exploratory study to assess the activity of the acarine growth inhibitor, fluazuron, against sarcoptes scabei infestation in pigs. | the most common treatments for scabies in human and veterinary settings are topical 5% permethrin or systemic treatment with ivermectin. however, these treatments have very little activity against arthropod eggs, and therefore repeated treatment is frequently required. in-vitro, biochemical and molecular studies have demonstrated that human mites are becoming increasingly resistant to both acaricides. to identify alternate acaricides, we undertook a pilot study of the in vivo activity of the ben ... | 2012 | 22336283 |
| exploiting gene families for phylogenomic analysis of myzostomid transcriptome data. | in trying to understand the evolutionary relationships of organisms, the current flood of sequence data offers great opportunities, but also reveals new challenges with regard to data quality, the selection of data for subsequent analysis, and the automation of steps that were once done manually for single-gene analyses. even though genome or transcriptome data is available for representatives of most bilaterian phyla, some enigmatic taxa still have an uncertain position in the animal tree of li ... | 2012 | 22276131 |
| tri-domain bifunctional inhibitor of metallocarboxypeptidases a and serine proteases isolated from marine annelid sabellastarte magnifica. | this study describes a novel bifunctional metallocarboxypeptidase and serine protease inhibitor (smci) isolated from the tentacle crown of the annelid sabellastarte magnifica. smci is a 165-residue glycoprotein with a molecular mass of 19.69 kda (mass spectrometry) and 18 cysteine residues forming nine disulfide bonds. its cdna was cloned and sequenced by rt-pcr and nested pcr using degenerated oligonucleotides. employing this information along with data derived from automatic edman degradation ... | 2012 | 22411994 |
| the identification of a vdac-like protein involved in the interaction of babesia bigemina sexual stages with rhipicephalus microplus midgut cells. | we investigated the interaction of rhipicephalus microplus midgut cells with babesia bigemina sexual stages using a proteomic approach. a polypeptide from the r. microplus midgut that binds to proteins from b. bigemina sexual stages was identified and sequenced. combining 2d overlay and tandem mass spectrometry (ms/ms) techniques, we determined that this polypeptide corresponds to a mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion-selective channel (vdac). the vdac gene encoding the sequenced polypeptide w ... | 2012 | 22336772 |
| direct tests of enzymatic heme degradation by the malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum. | malaria parasites generate vast quantities of heme during blood stage infection via hemoglobin digestion and limited de novo biosynthesis, but it remains unclear if parasites metabolize heme for utilization or disposal. recent in vitro experiments with a heme oxygenase (ho)-like protein from plasmodium falciparum suggested that parasites may enzymatically degrade some heme to the canonical ho product, biliverdin (bv), or its downstream metabolite, bilirubin (br). to directly test for bv and br p ... | 2012 | 22992734 |
| distribution patterns of three sodium channel mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus populations from north and south america, south africa and australia. | resistance to synthetic pyrethroids (sp) in the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is widespread throughout its distribution area. three single nucleotide substitutions identified in domains ii and iii of the sodium channel gene of r. (b.) microplus are known to be associated with target site pyrethroid resistance. we developed a multiplex pcr using allele-specific primers to amplify wild type or mutated genotypes of the three mutations simultaneously. this assay was used to screen ... | 2012 | 24533283 |
| phylogenomic resolution of paleozoic divergences in harvestmen (arachnida, opiliones) via analysis of next-generation transcriptome data. | next-generation sequencing technologies are rapidly transforming molecular systematic studies of non-model animal taxa. the arachnid order opiliones (commonly known as "harvestmen") includes more than 6,400 described species placed into four well-supported lineages (suborders). fossil plus molecular clock evidence indicates that these lineages were diverging in the late silurian to mid-carboniferous, with some fossil harvestmen representing the earliest known land animals. perhaps because of thi ... | 2012 | 22936998 |
| genetic parameters of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis and its relationship with weight and parasite infestations in australian tropical bos taurus cattle. | infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (ibk) or 'pinkeye' is an economically important ocular disease that significantly impacts animal performance. genetic parameters for ibk infection and its genetic and phenotypic correlations with cattle tick counts, number of helminth (unspecified species) eggs per gram of faeces and growth traits in australian tropically adapted bos taurus cattle were estimated. | 2012 | 22839739 |
| moxidectin and the avermectins: consanguinity but not identity. | the avermectins and milbemycins contain a common macrocyclic lactone (ml) ring, but are fermentation products of different organisms. the principal structural difference is that avermectins have sugar groups at c13 of the macrocyclic ring, whereas the milbemycins are protonated at c13. moxidectin (mox), belonging to the milbemycin family, has other differences, including a methoxime at c23. the avermectins and mox have broad-spectrum activity against nematodes and arthropods. they have similar b ... | 2012 | 24533275 |
| new species of ehrlichia isolated from rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus shows an ortholog of the e. canis major immunogenic glycoprotein gp36 with a new sequence of tandem repeats. | ehrlichia species are the etiological agents of emerging and life-threatening tick-borne human zoonoses that inflict serious and fatal infections in companion animals and livestock. the aim of this paper was to phylogeneticaly characterise a new species of ehrlichia isolated from rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus from minas gerais, brazil. | 2012 | 23231731 |
| transcriptional profiling of the murine cutaneous response during initial and subsequent infestations with ixodes scapularis nymphs. | ixodes scapularis ticks are hematophagous arthropods capable of transmitting many infectious agents to humans. the process of blood feeding is an extended and continuous interplay between tick and host responses. while this process has been studied extensively in vitro, no global understanding of the host response to ticks has emerged. | 2012 | 22309607 |
| expression patterns of anaplasma marginale msp2 variants change in response to growth in cattle, and tick cells versus mammalian cells. | antigenic variation of major surface proteins is considered an immune-evasive maneuver used by pathogens as divergent as bacteria and protozoa. likewise, major surface protein 2 (msp2) of the tick-borne pathogen, anaplasma marginale, is thought to be involved in antigenic variation to evade the mammalian host immune response. however, this dynamic process also works in the tick vector in the absence of immune selection pressure. we examined msp2 variants expressed during infection of four tick a ... | 2012 | 22558307 |
| probing neuropeptide signaling at the organ and cellular domains via imaging mass spectrometry. | imaging mass spectrometry (ims) has evolved to be a promising technology due to its ability to detect a broad mass range of molecular species and create density maps for selected compounds. it is currently one of the most useful techniques to determine the spatial distribution of neuropeptides in cells and tissues. although ims is conceptually simple, sample preparation steps, mass analyzers, and software suites are just a few of the factors that contribute to the successful design of a neuropep ... | 2012 | 22465716 |
| analysis of immunogenic relevant proteins in rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus tick. | considering the importance of ticks as a main group transmitting pathogen organisms, this study designed to recognize immunogenic proteins in different tissues of rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus tick and to find out if there are common proteins in these tissues. | 2012 | 23293777 |
| efficacy of slow-release collar formulations of imidacloprid/flumethrin and deltamethrin and of spot-on formulations of fipronil/(s)-- methoprene, dinotefuran/pyriproxyfen/permethrin and (s) -methoprene/amitraz/fipronil against rhipicephalus sanguineus and ctenocephalides felis felis on dogs. | two studies evaluating the efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar (seresto®, bayer animal health, ivp), a deltamethrin collar (scalibor®, msd, cp1), a fipronil/(s)-methoprene spot-on (frontline combo®, merial, cp2), a dinotefuran/pyriproxyfen/permethrin spot-on (vectra 3d®, ceva, cp3) and an amitraz/fipronil/(s)-methoprene spot-on (certifect®, merial, cp4/cp5) against repeated infestations with rhipicephalus sanguineus and ctenocephalides felis felis on dogs were conducted over periods of ... | 2012 | 22520338 |
| characterization and evaluation of a sarcoptes scabiei allergen as a candidate vaccine. | sarcoptic mange caused by the mite sarcoptes scabiei is a worldwide disease affecting both humans and animals. here we report the molecular characterization and evaluation of a recombinant s. scabiei tropomyosin (sstm) protein in a vaccination trial in rabbits. | 2012 | 22897929 |
| integrated strategy for sustainable cattle fever tick eradication in usa is required to mitigate the impact of global change. | the ticks rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus and r. (b.) microplus, commonly known as cattle and southern cattle tick, respectively, impede the development and sustainability of livestock industries throughout tropical and other world regions. they affect animal productivity and wellbeing directly through their obligate blood-feeding habit and indirectly by serving as vectors of the infectious agents causing bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis. the monumental scientific discovery of certain arth ... | 2012 | 22712018 |
| acaricidal activity of ethanolic extract from aerial parts of tagetes patula l. (asteraceae) against larvae and engorged adult females of rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille, 1806). | the tick rhipicephalus sanguineus is the species with the largest worldwide distribution and is proven to be involved in the transmission of pathogens such as babesia canis, ehrlichia canis, coxiella burnetii, rickettsia ricketsii, rickettsia conorii, among others. studies have demonstrated acquisition of resistance to some of the active principles used in commercial formulations of acaricides. tagetes patula (asteraceae) is a plant with highlighted economic and commercial importance due to the ... | 2012 | 23244493 |
| immune response of bos indicus cattle against the anti-tick antigen bm91 derived from local rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus ticks and its effect on tick reproduction under natural infestation. | antigens of anti-tick vaccines are more efficacious for homologous challenge with local tick strains. cdna clones encoding for bm91 from local rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus strains were developed to immunize bos indicus cattle under field conditions. three groups of six animals each were injected with the antigen bm91, saline, and adjuvant, respectively. animals were immunized three times at 3-week intervals and a fourth time after six months. the anti-bm91 antibody level, measured by elis ... | 2012 | 23213489 |
| prevalence and seasonal variation in ixodid ticks on cattle of mathura district, uttar pradesh. | considering the economic impact of various ticks species on livestock, the present study was conducted for epidemiological characterize of common ticks infesting indian zebu cattle between july 2010 and june 2011 period at various locations of mathura region of india. a total of 2,515 zebu cattle were examined on random basis throughout the year. the overall prevalence of ticks infestation in cattle was 60.07 %. the highest prevalence was reported in september (75 %) while the lowest was in janu ... | 2012 | 24431564 |
| comparative genomic analysis and phylogenetic position of theileria equi. | transmission of arthropod-borne apicomplexan parasites that cause disease and result in death or persistent infection represents a major challenge to global human and animal health. first described in 1901 as piroplasma equi, this re-emergent apicomplexan parasite was renamed babesia equi and subsequently theileria equi, reflecting an uncertain taxonomy. understanding mechanisms by which apicomplexan parasites evade immune or chemotherapeutic elimination is required for development of effective ... | 2012 | 23137308 |
| immunoregulation of bovine macrophages by factors in the salivary glands of rhipicephalus microplus. | alternative strategies are required to control the southern cattle tick, rhipicephalus microplus, due to evolving resistance to commercially available acaricides. this invasive ectoparasite is a vector of economically important diseases of cattle such as bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis. an understanding of the biological intricacies underlying vector-host-pathogen interactions is required to innovate sustainable tick management strategies that can ultimately mitigate the impact of animal and ... | 2012 | 22333193 |
| simukunin from the salivary glands of the black fly simulium vittatum inhibits enzymes that regulate clotting and inflammatory responses. | black flies (diptera: simuliidae) feed on blood, and are important vectors of onchocerca volvulus, the etiolytic agent of river blindness. blood feeding depends on pharmacological properties of saliva, including anticoagulation, but the molecules responsible for this activity have not been well characterized. | 2012 | 22383955 |
| tick infestations in extensively grazed cattle and efficacy trial of high-cis cypermethrin pour-on preparation for control of ticks in mvomero district in tanzania. | this study aimed at determining the extent of tick infestations in extensively grazed cattle and assess the efficacy of ecotix® acaricide (2.5% high cis cypermethrin) in mvomero district in tanzania. a total of 1200 tanzanian short horn zebu (tshz) from two farms in two villages were qualitatively assessed for tick infestations and 40 animals (grouped in 10s from each farm) were separated in their herds and quantitatively examined to establish the tick load. the animals were grouped in treatment ... | 2012 | 23164198 |
| cellular function and molecular structure of ecto-nucleotidases. | ecto-nucleotidases play a pivotal role in purinergic signal transmission. they hydrolyze extracellular nucleotides and thus can control their availability at purinergic p2 receptors. they generate extracellular nucleosides for cellular reuptake and salvage via nucleoside transporters of the plasma membrane. the extracellular adenosine formed acts as an agonist of purinergic p1 receptors. they also can produce and hydrolyze extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate that is of major relevance in the c ... | 2012 | 22555564 |
| the role of nuclear technologies in the diagnosis and control of livestock diseases--a review. | nuclear and nuclear-related technologies have played an important role in animal health, particularly in relation to disease diagnosis and characterization of pathogenic organisms. this review focuses primarily on how and where nuclear technologies, both non-isotopic and isotopic methods, have made their impact in the past and where it might be expected they could have an impact in the future. the review outlines the extensive use of radiation attenuation in attempts to create vaccines for a mul ... | 2012 | 22286376 |
| tick cell culture isolation and growth of rickettsia raoultii from dutch dermacentor reticulatus ticks. | tick cell lines play an important role in research on ticks and tick-borne pathogenic and symbiotic microorganisms. in an attempt to derive continuous dermacentor reticulatus cell lines, embryo-derived primary cell cultures were set up from eggs laid by field ticks originally collected as unfed adults in the netherlands and maintained for up to 16 months. after several months, it became evident that cells in the primary cultures were infected with a rickettsia-like intracellular organism. supern ... | 2012 | 23140894 |
| rnai in arthropods: insight into the machinery and applications for understanding the pathogen-vector interface. | the availability of genome sequencing data in combination with knowledge of expressed genes via transcriptome and proteome data has greatly advanced our understanding of arthropod vectors of disease. not only have we gained insight into vector biology, but also into their respective vector-pathogen interactions. by combining the strengths of postgenomic databases and reverse genetic approaches such as rnai, the numbers of available drug and vaccine targets, as well as number of transgenes for su ... | 2012 | 24705082 |
| bioinformatics and expression analyses of the ixodes scapularis tick cystatin family. | the cystatins are inhibitors of papain- and legumain-like cysteine proteinases, classified in merops subfamilies i25a-i25c. this study shows that 84 % (42/50) of tick cystatins are putatively extracellular in subfamily i25b and the rest are putatively intracellular in subfamily i25a. on the neighbor joining phylogeny guide tree, subfamily i25a members cluster together, while subfamily i25b cystatins segregate among prostriata or metastriata ticks. two ixodes scapularis cystatins, aay66864 and is ... | 2012 | 23053911 |
| analysis of babesia bovis infection-induced gene expression changes in larvae from the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | cattle babesiosis is a tick-borne disease of cattle that has severe economic impact on cattle producers throughout the world's tropical and subtropical countries. the most severe form of the disease is caused by the apicomplexan, babesia bovis, and transmitted to cattle through the bite of infected cattle ticks of the genus rhipicephalus, with the most prevalent species being rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. we studied the reaction of the r. microplus larval transcriptome in response to infe ... | 2012 | 22871314 |
| oral vaccination with vaccinia virus expressing the tick antigen subolesin inhibits tick feeding and transmission of borrelia burgdorferi. | immunization with the ixodes scapularis protein, subolesin, has previously been shown to protect hosts against tick infestation and to decrease acquisition of anaplsma marginale and babesia bigemina. here we report the efficacy of subolesin, a conserved tick protein that can act as a regulator of gene expression, expressed from vaccinia virus for use as an orally delivered reservoir - targeted vaccine for prevention of tick infestation and acquisition/transmission of borrelia burgdorferi to its ... | 2012 | 22864146 |
| gene silencing in tick cell lines using small interfering or long double-stranded rna. | gene silencing by rna interference (rnai) is an important research tool in many areas of biology. to effectively harness the power of this technique in order to explore tick functional genomics and tick-microorganism interactions, optimised parameters for rnai-mediated gene silencing in tick cells need to be established. ten cell lines from four economically important ixodid tick genera (amblyomma, hyalomma, ixodes and rhipicephalus including the sub-species boophilus) were used to examine key p ... | 2012 | 22773071 |
| tick salivary secretion as a source of antihemostatics. | ticks are mostly obligatory blood feeding ectoparasites that have an impact on human and animal health. in addition to direct damage due to feeding, some tick species serve as the vectors for the causative agents of several diseases, such as the spirochetes of the genus borrelia causing lyme disease, the virus of tick-borne encephalitis, various rickettsial pathogens or even protozoan parasites like babesia spp. hard ticks are unique among bloodfeeders because of their prolonged feeding period t ... | 2012 | 22564820 |
| the role of cystatins in tick physiology and blood feeding. | ticks, as obligate hematophagous ectoparasites, impact greatly on animal and human health because they transmit various pathogens worldwide. over the last decade, several cystatins from different hard and soft ticks were identified and biochemically analyzed for their role in the physiology and blood feeding lifestyle of ticks. all these cystatins are potent inhibitors of papain-like cysteine proteases, but not of legumain. tick cystatins were either detected in the salivary glands and/or the mi ... | 2012 | 22647711 |
| detection of wolbachia in the tick ixodes ricinus is due to the presence of the hymenoptera endoparasitoid ixodiphagus hookeri. | the identification of micro-organisms carried by ticks is an important issue for human and animal health. in addition to their role as pathogen vectors, ticks are also the hosts for symbiotic bacteria whose impact on tick biology is poorly known. among these, the bacterium wolbachia pipientis has already been reported associated with ixodes ricinus and other tick species. however, the origins of wolbachia in ticks and their consequences on tick biology (known to be very diverse in invertebrates, ... | 2012 | 22292021 |
| evolution and diversification of the organellar release factor family. | translation termination is accomplished by proteins of the class i release factor family (rf) that recognize stop codons and catalyze the ribosomal release of the newly synthesized peptide. bacteria have two canonical rfs: rf1 recognizes uaa and uag, rf2 recognizes uaa and uga. despite that these two release factor proteins are sufficient for de facto translation termination, the eukaryotic organellar rf protein family, which has evolved from bacterial release factors, has expanded considerably, ... | 2012 | 22688947 |
| one ring to rule them all: trafficking of heme and heme synthesis intermediates in the metazoans. | the appearance of heme, an organic ring surrounding an iron atom, in evolution forever changed the efficiency with which organisms were able to generate energy, utilize gasses and catalyze numerous reactions. because of this, heme has become a near ubiquitous compound among living organisms. in this review we have attempted to assess the current state of heme synthesis and trafficking with a goal of identifying crucial missing information, and propose hypotheses related to trafficking that may g ... | 2012 | 22575458 |
| pyrosequencing-based analysis of the microbiome associated with the horn fly, haematobia irritans. | the horn fly, haematobia irritans, is one of the most economically important pests of cattle. insecticides have been a major element of horn fly management programs. growing concerns with insecticide resistance, insecticide residues on farm products, and non-availability of new generation insecticides, are serious issues for the livestock industry. alternative horn fly control methods offer the promise to decrease the use of insecticides and reduce the amount of insecticide residues on livestock ... | 2012 | 23028533 |
| detection and identification of putative bacterial endosymbionts and endogenous viruses in tick cell lines. | as well as being vectors of many viral, bacterial, and protozoan pathogens of medical and veterinary importance, ticks harbour a variety of microorganisms which are not known to be pathogenic for vertebrate hosts. continuous cell lines established from ixodid and argasid ticks could be infected with such endosymbiotic bacteria and endogenous viruses, but to date very few cell lines have been examined for their presence. dna and rna extracted from over 50 tick cell lines deposited in the roslin w ... | 2012 | 22743047 |
| molecular and functional properties of p2x receptors--recent progress and persisting challenges. | atp-gated p2x receptors are trimeric ion channels that assemble as homo- or heteromers from seven cloned subunits. transcripts and/or proteins of p2x subunits have been found in most, if not all, mammalian tissues and are being discovered in an increasing number of non-vertebrates. both the first crystal structure of a p2x receptor and the generation of knockout (ko) mice for five of the seven cloned subtypes greatly advanced our understanding of their molecular and physiological function and th ... | 2012 | 22547202 |
| determination of lc50 and lc95 values of fipronil against haemaphysalis bispinosa based on adult immersion test. | the pattern of mortality of haemaphysalis bispinosa ticks against fipronil was studied based on adult immersion test. mortality occurred during 10-19 days post-treatment. the lc50 and lc95 values were calculated as 0.53 and 7.045 ppm, respectively. | 2012 | 24505192 |
| effect of attractant sex pheromone on immature larval stages of ixodid tick species. | attractant sex pheromone (asp) 2,6-dichloro phenol was used in the current study to evaluate the percentage attraction and the behavioural responses of the five ixodid tick species namely rhipicephalus sanguineus, rhipicephalus microplus (boophilus microplus), haemaphysalis bispinosa, rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides and hyalomma marginatum using petridish bioassay. two concentrations of 2,6-dcp (0.1 m and 0.05 m) was used for the larval stages of all five ixodid tick species of which 0.1 m concen ... | 2012 | 24082519 |
| tick-box for 3'-end formation of mitochondrial transcripts in ixodida, basal chelicerates and drosophila. | according to the trna punctuation model, the mitochondrial genome (mtdna) of mammals and arthropods is transcribed as large polycistronic precursors that are maturated by endonucleolytic cleavage at trna borders and rna polyadenylation. starting from the newly sequenced mtdna of ixodes ricinus and using a combination of mitogenomics and transcriptional analyses, we found that in all currently-sequenced tick lineages (prostriata, metastriata and argasidae) the 3'-end of the polyadenylated nad1 an ... | 2012 | 23077630 |
| the sialotranscriptome of antricola delacruzi female ticks is compatible with non-hematophagous behavior and an alternative source of food. | the hosts for antricola delacruzi ticks are insectivorous, cave-dwelling bats on which only larvae are found. the mouthparts of nymphal and adult a. delacruzi are compatible with scavenging feeding because the hypostome is small and toothless. how a single blood meal of a larva provides energy for several molts as well as for oviposition by females is not known. adults of a. delacruzi possibly feed upon an unknown food source in bat guano, a substrate on which nymphal and adult stages are always ... | 2012 | 22306723 |
| chemical composition and acaricidal activity of essential oil from lippia sidoides on larvae of dermacentor nitens (acari: ixodidae) and larvae and engorged females of rhipicephalus microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the aim of this work was to identify the compounds and to investigate the acaricidal activity of the essential oil from the leaves of lippia sidoides on rhipicephalus microplus and dermacentor nitens. the oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography (gc/fid) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. in total, 15 compounds comprising 99.97 % of the total peak area were identified. the main constituent of the essential oil was thymol (67.60 %). the acaricidal activity w ... | 2012 | 22983219 |
| acaricidal activity of eugenol on rhipicephalus microplus (acari: ixodidae) and dermacentor nitens (acari: ixodidae) larvae. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the acaricidal activity of eugenol, with different solubilizations and concentrations, on rhipicephalus microplus and dermacentor nitens larvae and to determine the lethal time. the study consisted of four experiments, and the mortality was assessed using the larval packet test with adaptations. the mortality observed in the first experiment was 100 % for all the groups treated with eugenol solubilized in different solvents. in the second, the hydroethanolic ... | 2012 | 22622689 |
| abc transporters as a multidrug detoxification mechanism in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | atp-binding cassette (abc) transporters are responsible for pumping drugs across membranes and are an important drug detoxification mechanism. since abc transporters act on a wide spectrum of chemical compounds, they have been associated with multidrug resistance phenotype in various parasites and cancer cells. here, we document the presence of a rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus tick population (jaguar) resistant to four acaricide classes (organophosphates (op), synthetic pyrethroids (sp), am ... | 2012 | 22926678 |
| exploring the use of an anti-tick vaccine as a tool for the integrated eradication of the cattle fever tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus. | bovine babesiosis, also known as cattle fever, is a tick-borne protozoal disease foreign to the united states. it was eradicated by eliminating the vector species, rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus and rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, through the efforts of the cattle fever tick eradication program (cftep), with the exception of a permanent quarantine zone (pqz) in south texas along the border with mexico. keeping the u.s. free of cattle fever ticks in a sustainable manner is a critical na ... | 2012 | 22687762 |
| esterase profile of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus populations collected from northern india exhibiting varied susceptibility to deltamethrin. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is an economically important ectoparasite of cattle. chemical acaricides remain the most practical method for control of these pests. during past two decades there have been increasing reports of resistance development against synthetic pyrethroids in tick populations of this species throughout the world. a study was conducted to determine the level of susceptibility of r. (b.) microplus to deltamethrin collected from different geographical locations of northe ... | 2012 | 22669281 |
| phylogenetic analysis of benign theileria species based on major piroplasm surface protein (mpsp) genes from ticks of grazing cattle in korea. | complete major piroplasm surface protein (mpsp) gene sequences of benign theileria parasites were isolated from ticks of grazing cattle in korea. a total of 556 tick samples were collected in five provinces: chungbuk, jeonbuk, jeonnam, gyeongbuk, and jeju during 2010-2011. fifteen samples from chungbuk and jeonnam were positive for the theileria mpsp gene by pcr amplification using a specific primer set. a phylogenetic tree was constructed with the amplified gene sequences and 26 additional sequ ... | 2012 | 22647464 |
| association between ecological factors and the presence of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus larvae in puerto rico. | a prevalence study was conducted to survey tick larvae populations in puerto rico (pr), compare the number of infested sites with rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus larvae between the wet and dry season, and assess the associations of ecologic factors on the presence of r. microplus larvae. ninety-six sites were selected using a gis-based sampling method. each site was sampled twice; the first sampling was performed during the dry season (march 4-18, 2007) and the second sampling during the wet ... | 2012 | 22638941 |
| differential recognition by tick-resistant cattle of the recombinantly expressed rhipicephalus microplus serine protease inhibitor-3 (rms-3). | rhipicephalus microplus is an important bovine ectoparasite, widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world causing large economic losses to the cattle industry. its success as an ectoparasite is associated with its capacity to disarm the antihemostatic and anti-inflammatory reactions of the host. serpins are protease inhibitors with an important role in the modulation of host-parasite interactions. the cdna that encodes for a r. microplus serpin was isolated by race and sub ... | 2012 | 22608113 |
| deltamethrin and cypermethrin resistance status of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus collected from six agro-climatic regions of india. | a cross sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of synthetic pyrethroids (sp) resistance in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus in india. twenty-seven areas located in six agro-climatic regions were selected for the collection of engorged ticks using two stage stratified sampling procedure. adult immersion test (ait) and larval packet test (lpt) were optimized using laboratory reared susceptible line of r.(b.) microplus (ivri-i) for determination of 95% lethal concentration (lc(95 ... | 2012 | 22541585 |
| resistance of rhipicephalus microplus to amitraz and cypermethrin in tropical cattle farms in veracruz, mexico. | the objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the prevalence and factors associated with rhipicephalus microplus , resistant to cypermethrin and amitraz, from cattle farms in veracruz, mexico, and (2) to determine in vitro mortality percentages of field populations of r. microplus exposed to discriminating doses (dd) of cypermethrin and amitraz. fifty-three populations of r. microplus were tested by bioassays using dd of cypermethrin (0.05%) and amitraz (0.0002%). the prevalence of cattle ... | 2012 | 22524292 |
| expression and functional characterization of boophilin, a thrombin inhibitor from rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus midgut. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is an ectoparasite responsible for an important decrease in meat, milk and leather production, caused both by cattle blood loss and by the transmission of anaplasmosis and babesiosis. r. microplus is a rich source of serine protease inhibitors, including the trypsin inhibitors bmti-a and bmti-6, the subtilisin inhibitor bmsi, and the recently described thrombin inhibitor, boophilin. boophilin is a double kunitz-type thrombin inhibitor, with the unusual ability ... | 2012 | 22341830 |
| new foci of rhipicephalus microplus in west africa. | the invasive character of rhipicephalus microplus was observed in benin, the second west-african country from which this ticks species has been collected after the initial confirmed record in ivory coast in 2007. a cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of mono to examine the presence of the tick r. microplus. the survey covered 9 herds (villages) in an agro-ecological zone inhabited by agro-pastoralists, including the state farm of kpinnou that imported girolando cattle from br ... | 2012 | 22286115 |