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enzymatic deinking of secondary fibers: cellulases/hemicellulases versus laccase-mediator system.the use of enzymes has been suggested as an environmentally friendly alternative to complement conventional chemical deinking in the recycling of recovered paper. this study compares the use of cellulases/hemicellulases versus the laccase-mediator system for deinking printed fibers from newspapers and magazines. for this purpose, two commercial enzyme preparations with endoglucanase and endoxylanase activities (viscozyme wheat from aspergillus oryzae and ultraflo l from humicola insolens, novozy ...201121643708
exocytosis and growth do not occur only at hyphal tips.mycologists have put extreme emphasis on hyphal tip growth as the primary mode of growth in filamentous fungi. much attention has also been focused on the exocytosis of extracellular enzymes from hyphal tips. however, growth and exocytosis commonly occur at hyphal locations other than tips. here i briefly review our limited understanding of growth and exocytosis during intercalary hyphal extension, subapical branch initiation, septum formation and secondary wall thickening. secretion of extracel ...201121645129
toxicological studies on a novel phytase expressed from synthetic genes in aspergillus oryzae.phytases are widely used as feed additives for monogastric animals, which cannot easily utilise the phosphorus bound in phytate (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate). the current study presents a safety evaluation of a 6-phytase produced by an aspergillus oryzae strain expressing two synthetic genes, both mimicking a phytase gene from a citrobacter braakii strain. oral administration of the phytase preparation to rats at a dose level of 0.86 g total organic solids/kg body weight/day for 13 weeks did n ...201121672596
effect of xylose on the molecular and particle size distribution of peanut hydrolysate in maillard reaction system.the maillard reaction is a complex series of reactions between reducing sugars and amino groups. changing any of reaction parameters would alter the reaction pathway. this study investigated the effect of xylose concentration on the molecular and particle size distribution of maillard reaction products (mrps) derived from peanut hydrolysate and xylose to discuss their formation mechanism.201121674506
targeted gene disruption in koji mold aspergillus oryzae.filamentous fungi have received attentions as hosts for heterologous protein production because of their high secretion capability and eukaryotic post-translational modifications. one of the safest hosts for heterologous protein production is koji mold aspergillus oryzae since it has been used in the production of japanese fermented foods for over 1,000 years. the production levels of proteins from higher eukaryotes are much lower than those of homologous (fungal) proteins. bottlenecks in the he ...201121815109
aspergillus oryzae lectin induces anaphylactoid edema and mast cell activation through its interaction with fucose of mast cell-bound non-specific ige.we investigated whether aspergillus oryzae lectin (aol), a fucose-specific lectin, induces anaphylactoid reactions and mast cell activation. the injection of aol into footpads of mice produced a dose-related acute paw edema. the aol-induced edema was attenuated by predose of histamine h1 receptor blocker or pretreatment of the lectin with fucose before injection, and was not observed in scid and mast cell-deficient wbb6f1-w/wv mice. these results suggested that the aol-induced anaphylactoid reac ...201121790704
a novel biocatalytic approach to acetylation of 1-ß-d: -arabinofuranosylcytosine by aspergillus oryzae whole cell in organic solvents.biocatalytic acylation of 1-ß-d: -arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-c) was developed using whole cell of aspergillus oryzae as a novel catalyst. (13)c nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) analysis indicated that the whole-cell biocatalyst had more specific activity toward the 3'-hydroxyl group than 5'-hydroxyl group among the available hydroxyl groups in sugar moiety of ara-c. except for glucose and maltose, 11 carbon sources supplemented to basal media, including spans, tweens, olive oil and oleic acid ...201121755282
cellulolytic enzymes production via solid-state fermentation: effect of pretreatment methods on physicochemical characteristics of substrate.we investigated the effect of pretreatment on the physicochemical characteristics-crystallinity, bed porosity, and volumetric specific surface of soybean hulls and production of cellulolytic enzymes in solid-state fermentation of trichoderma reesei and aspergillus oryzae cultures. mild acid and alkali and steam pretreatments significantly increased crystallinity and bed porosity without significant change inholocellulosic composition of substrate. crystalline and porous steam-pretreated soybean ...201121755043
proteomics of eukaryotic microorganisms: the medically and biotechnologically important fungal genus aspergillus.fungal species of the genus aspergillus play significant roles as model organisms in basic research, as "cell factories" for the production of organic acids, pharmaceuticals or industrially important enzymes and as pathogens causing superficial and invasive infections in animals and humans. the release of the genome sequences of several aspergillus sp. has paved the way for global analyses of protein expression in aspergilli including the characterisation of proteins, which have not designated a ...201121726053
peroxisomes are involved in biotin biosynthesis in aspergillus and arabidopsis.among the eukaryotes only plants and a number of fungi are able to synthesize biotin. although initial events leading to the biosynthesis of biotin remain largely unknown, the final steps are known to occur in the mitochondria. here we deleted the aopex5 and aopex7 genes encoding the receptors for peroxisomal targeting signals pts1 and pts2, respectively, in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae. in addition to exhibiting defects in the peroxisomal targeting of either pts1 or pts2 proteins, ...201121730067
direct ethanol production from hemicellulosic materials of rice straw by use of an engineered yeast strain codisplaying three types of hemicellulolytic enzymes on the surface of xylose-utilizing saccharomyces cerevisiae cells.the cost of the lignocellulose-hydrolyzing enzymes used in the saccharification process of ethanol production from biomass accounts for a relatively high proportion of total processing costs. cell surface engineering technology has facilitated a reduction in these costs by integrating saccharification and fermentation processes into a recombinant microbe strain expressing heterologous enzymes on the cell surface. we constructed a recombinant saccharomyces cerevisiae that not only hydrolyzed hemi ...201121741417
[promotive excretion of causative agents of yusho by fermented brown rice with aspergillus oryze in yusho patients].forty two years have passed since the outbreak of kanemi rice oil poisoning, namely, yusho in the western japan. however, even now the yusho patients have been still suffering from several objective and subjective symptoms. in order to improve or, if possible, to cure such symptoms, the most important therapeutic treatment is considered to actively excrete the causative agents, that is, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs) from the bodies of the patients and to reduce their body burdens. in rat ...201121706891
a carrier fusion significantly induces unfolded protein response in heterologous protein production by aspergillus oryzae.in heterologous protein production by filamentous fungi, target proteins are expressed as fusions with homologous secretory proteins, called carriers, for higher production yields. although carrier fusion is thought to overcome the bottleneck in transcriptional and (post)translational processes during heterologous protein production, there is limited knowledge of its physiological effects on the host strain. in this study, we performed dna microarray analysis by comparing gene expression pattern ...201121822643
isolation of a novel promoter for efficient protein expression by aspergillus oryzae in solid-state culture.a novel promoter from a hemolysin-like protein encoding the gene, hlya, was characterized for protein overexpression in aspergillus oryzae grown in solid-state culture. using endo-1,4-+¦-glucanase from a. oryzae (cela) as the reporter, promoter activity was found to be higher than that of the +¦-amylase (amya) and manganese superoxide dismutase (sodm) genes not only in wheat bran solid-state culture but also in liquid culture. expression of the a. oryzae endoglucanase celb and two heterologous e ...201121732241
identification of potential cell wall component that allows taka-amylase a adsorption in submerged cultures of aspergillus oryzae.we observed that +¦-amylase (taka-amylase a; taa) activity in the culture broth disappeared in the later stage of submerged cultivation of aspergillus oryzae. this disappearance was caused by adsorption of taa onto the cell wall of a. oryzae and not due to protein degradation by extracellular proteolytic enzymes. to determine the cell wall component(s) that allows taa adsorption efficiently, the cell wall was fractionated by stepwise alkali treatment and enzymatic digestion. consequently, alkali ...201121687962
cloning and expression of a tyrosinase from aspergillus oryzae in yarrowia lipolytica: application in l: -dopa biotransformation.amplification of the tyrosinase gene (melo) from the genomic dna of aspergillus oryzae ncim 1212 yielded a 1.6-kb product. this gene was cloned into pylex1, and the resulting ptyro-ylex1 vector was transformed in yarrowia lipolytica strain po1g. a clone displaying the highest specific activity for tyrosinase (10.94-áu/mg) was used for obtaining the complementary dna (cdna) and for protein expression studies. cdna sequence analysis indicated the splicing of an intron present in the melo gene by p ...201121687965
identification and comparison of cutinases for synthetic polyester degradation.cutinases have been exploited for a broad range of reactions, from hydrolysis of soluble and insoluble esters to polymer synthesis. to further expand the biotechnological applications of cutinases for synthetic polyester degradation, we perform a comparative activity and stability analysis of five cutinases from alternaria brassicicola (abc), aspergillus fumigatus (afc), aspergillus oryzae (aoc), humicola insolens (hic), and the well-characterized fusarium solani (fsc). of the cutinases, hic dem ...201121713515
influence of dietary ingredients on in vitro inflammatory response of intestinal porcine epithelial cells challenged by an enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (k88).enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) k88 is the main bacterial cause of diarrhea in piglets around weaning and the adhesion of etec to the intestinal mucosa is a prerequisite step for its colonization. in this study, the adhesion of a fimbriated etec and a non-fimbriated e. coli (nfec) to the intestinal cells and the activation of the innate immune system were evaluated using a porcine intestinal epithelial cell line (ipec-j2). the impact of several feedstuffs (wheat bran (wb); casein glycoma ...201121944732
post-genomic approaches to understanding interactions between fungi and their environment.fungi inhabit every natural and anthropogenic environment on earth. they have highly varied life-styles including saprobes (using only dead biomass as a nutrient source), pathogens (feeding on living biomass), and symbionts (co-existing with other organisms). these distinctions are not absolute as many species employ several life styles (e.g. saprobe and opportunistic pathogen, saprobe and mycorrhiza). to efficiently survive in these different and often changing environments, fungi need to be ab ...201122679591
gene cloning and enzyme structure modeling of the aspergillus oryzae n74 fructosyltransferase.the fructooligosaccharides (fos) represent an important source of prebiotic compounds that are widely used as an ingredient in functional foods. recently, the strain aspergillus oryzae n74 was reported as a potential microorganism for the industrial production of fos, due to its high yields of fos production. in this work, we used a pcr-cloning strategy to clone the a. oryzae n74 ftase gene as a previous step for recombinant enzyme production. ftase showed a 1630 bp size with a 99% similarity wi ...201120563857
study on the synthesis of sucrose-6-acetate catalyzed by fructosyltransferase from aspergillus oryzae.the study had mainly investigated the synthesis of sucrose-6-acetate (s-6-a) in fructosyltransferase action. the synthesis reaction of s-6-a was performed between sucrose and glucose-6-acetate (g-6-a), and identified by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc). according to the reaction of s-6-a catalyzed by fructosyltransferase from aspergillus oryzae, the effect factors of reaction, such as the ratio of g-6-a to sucrose, temperature, time, ph, substrate and enzyme concentration in the rea ...201120643232
overexpression and characterization of an extracellular leucine aminopeptidase from aspergillus oryzae.leucine aminopeptidase (lap), an enzyme used in the food industry, is an exopeptidase that removes an amino acid residue, primarily leucine (leu), from the n-terminus of peptides and protein substrates. in this study, we focused on the leucine aminopeptidase a (lapa) gene from aspergillus oryzae rib40. to purify and characterize the lapa, lapa was overexpressed in a. oryzae rib40 using the amyb promoter. lap activity in the culture supernatant of one transformant harboring the lapa expression pl ...201120803144
functional analysis and subcellular location of two flavohemoglobins from aspergillus oryzae.multiple flavohemoglobin (fhb) homolog genes are found in the genomes of eukaryotic microorganisms, but their functions remain unknown. in this study, two distinct types of fhbs (predictive cytosolic fhb1 and predictive mitochondrial fhb2) from the fungus aspergillus oryzae were investigated to elucidate the physiological roles of these fhbs. the fhb1 gene responded to external nitric oxide (no) stress at the transcriptional level, whereas the fhb2 gene did not. disrupting fhb1 increased cell hy ...201120817113
identification and characterization of a novel fermented substance produced by edible aspergillus oryzae ao-1 that inhibits dpp-iv activity.we identified a novel fermented substance (fka) produced by the edible aspergillus oryzae strain ao-1 that inhibited dipeptidyl peptidase iv (dpp-iv) (ic(50) = 3.41 mg · ml(-1)). hplc analysis of fka showed specific one metabolite (wyk-1), which inhibited dpp-iv (ic(50) = 6.98 μm). wyk-1 was identified as a tetrahydroxyisoquinoline derivative. interestingly, we examined 60 strains of a. oryzae, ao-1 was the only a. oryzae strain that produces wyk-1. this is the first report that an edible a. ory ...201120851672
enzyme stabilization and immobilization by sol-gel entrapment.while biocatalysts show tremendous potential for the industrial production of fine chemicals, their integration into large-scale processes has been slow. one of the main reasons for slow acceptance in industry is the inherent instability of the enzymes. recent developments in bioengineering have shed some light on methods of improving enzyme stability. one method that has been used for many decades, successfully to varying degrees, has been the immobilization of enzymes. to this regards, silica ...201120865388
protease inhibitor from moringa oleifera with potential for use as therapeutic drug and as seafood preservative.protease inhibitors are well known to have several applications in medicine and biotechnology. several plant sources are known to return potential protease inhibitors. in this study plants belonging to different families of leguminosae, malvaceae, rutaceae, graminae and moringaceae were screened for the protease inhibitor. among them moringa oleifera, belonging to the family moringaceae, recorded high level of protease inhibitor activity after ammonium sulfate fractionation. m. oleifera, which g ...201123961135
kinetic analysis of batch ethanol acetylation in isothermal non-stationary multiphase systems by lyophilized mycelium of aspergillus oryzae.a relatively complex network of reactions has been investigated, using as a network model the isothermal batch esterification of acetic acid with ethanol in n-heptane catalyzed by lyophilized mycelium of aspergillus oryzae. the kinetic analysis was firstly carried out on the whole system, without any simplification, by means of the well-known integral method. owing to the poor results obtained by this way, we developed an alternative approach, combining initial rates and integral analysis and re ...201124031645
mutagenesis of aspergillus oryzae ipt-301 to improve the production of β-fructofuranosidase.aspergillus oryzae ipt-301, previously reported as a β-fructofuranosidase producing microorganism, was successfully mutated using uv irradiation at 253.7 nm followed by the screening of survivors resistant to certain stress conditions. strains were first subjected to the β-fructofuranosidase activity assay using a portion from the colony grown in petri dish as the enzyme source. seven mutants with β-fructofuranosidase activity values relative to the parent culture between 140 - 190% were selecte ...201024031480
in vivo imaging of endoplasmic reticulum and distribution of mutant α-amylase in aspergillus oryzae.properly folded proteins destined for secretion exit through a specific subdomain of the endoplasmic reticulum (er) known as transitional er (ter) sites or er exit sites (eres). while such proteins in filamentous fungi localize at the hyphal tips overlapping the spitzenkörper, the distribution of misfolded proteins remains unknown. in the present study, we analyzed the distribution of mutant protein as well as er and ter sites visualized by expression of aoclxa and aosec13 fused with fluorescent ...201020884367
disruption of ten protease genes in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae highly improves production of heterologous proteins.proteolytic degradation by secreted proteases into the culture medium is one of the significant problems to be solved in heterologous protein production by filamentous fungi including aspergillus oryzae. double (tppa, and pepe) and quintuple (tppa, pepe, nptb, dppiv, and dppv) disruption of protease genes enhanced human lysozyme (hly) and bovine chymosin (chy) production by a. oryzae. in this study, we used a quintuple protease gene disruptant and performed successive rounds of disruption for fi ...201020957357
phylogeny of fungal hemoglobins and expression analysis of the aspergillus oryzae flavohemoglobin gene fhba during hyphal growth.the fhba genes encoding putative flavohemoglobins (fhb) from aspergillus niger and aspergillus oryzae were isolated. comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of the a. niger fhba gene and other putative filamentous fungal fhb-encoding genes to that of ralstonia eutropha shows an overall conserved gene structure and completely conserved catalytic amino acids. several yeasts and filamentous fungi, including both aspergillus species have been found to contain a small fhb gene family mostly con ...201020960969
screening and identification of a fungal β-glucosidase and the enzymatic synthesis of gentiooligosaccharide.after screening with 0.1% esculoside and 0.03% fecl(3), we identified from rotten wood a fungal isolate hml0366 that produces high amount of β-glucosidase. phenotypic and rdna internal transcribed spacer sequence analyses indicated that the isolate belongs to aspergillus oryzae. the β-glucosidase produced by hml0366 had an activity of 128 u/g. high performance liquid chromatography analysis also demonstrated a high transglycosylation activity of the crude enzyme. the β-glucosidase was stable bet ...201020963514
extraction and application of laccases from shimeji mushrooms (pleurotus ostreatus) residues in decolourisation of reactive dyes and a comparative study using commercial laccase from aspergillus oryzae.oxidases are able to degrade organic pollutants; however, high costs associated with biocatalysts production still hinder their use in environmental biocatalysis. our study compared the action of a commercial laccase from aspergillus oryzae and a rich extract from pleurotus ostreatus cultivation residues in decolourisation of reactive dyes: drimaren blue x-3lr (dmblr), drimaren blue x-bln (dmbbln), drimaren rubinol x-3lr (dmr), and drimaren blue c-r (rbbr). the colour removal was evaluated by co ...201021052547
heterologous expression and characterization of a glucose-stimulated β-glucosidase from the termite neotermes koshunensis in aspergillus oryzae.neotermes koshunensis is a lower termite that secretes endogenous β-glucosidase in the salivary glands. this β-glucosidase (g1nkbg) was successfully expressed in aspergillus oryzae. g1nkbg was purified to homogeneity from the culture supernatant through ammonium sulfate precipitation and anion exchange, hydrophobic, and gel filtration chromatographies with a 48-fold increase in purity. the molecular mass of the native enzyme appeared as a single band at 60 kda after gel filtration analysis, indi ...201021057947
enzyme-mediated site-specific antibody-protein modification using a zz domain as a linker.a zz domain (zz) and alkaline phosphatase (ap), luciferase (luc), or glucose oxidase (god) were conjugated using sortase a (srta) from staphylococcus aureus. the specific peptidyl linker for srta was genetically fused to the c-terminus of zz, and the other linker was fused to the n-terminus of ap, luc, or god, respectively. the resultant proteins were obtained separately by bacterial expression. the recombinant peptide-tagged zz and ap, luc, or god were site-specifically conjugated by srta throu ...201021069999
gc-ms based metabolite profiling of rice koji fermentation by various fungi.in this study, aspergillus kawachii, aspergillus oryzae, and rhizopus sp., were utilized for rice koji fermentation, and the metabolites were analyzed in a time-dependent manner by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. on principal component analysis, the metabolite patterns were clearly distinguished based on the fungi species. this approach revealed that the quantities of glucose, galactose, and glycerol gradually increased as a function of fermentation time in all trials rice koji fermentatio ...201021071848
enzymes for the biofunctionalization of poly(ethylene terephthalate).the functionalization of synthetic polymers such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) to improve their hydrophilicity can be achieved biocatalytically using hydrolytic enzymes. a number of cutinases, lipases, and esterases active on polyethylene terephthalate have been identified and characterized. enzymes from fusarium solani, thermomyces insolens, t. lanuginosus, aspergillus oryzae, pseudomonas mendocina, and thermobifida fusca have been studied in detail. thermostable biocatalysts hydrolyzing poly ...201021076908
changes in the contents of sugars and organic acids during the ripening and storage of sufu, a traditional oriental fermented product of soybean cubes.in the present study, sufu, an oriental fermented product of soybeans, was prepared by ripening the tofu cubes in aspergillus oryzae fermented rice-soybean koji mash for 16 days at 37 °c. the sufu product was further kept at room temperature for another 30 days. examining the changes in the sugar content revealed that stachyose, raffinose, and sucrose contents of tofu and rice-soybean koji granules decreased while levels of glucose and fructose increased during the ripening period and after stor ...201021090680
breeding and identification of novel koji molds with high activity of acid protease by genome recombination between aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger.acid protease is essential for degradation of proteins during soy sauce fermentation. to breed more suitable koji molds with high activity of acid protease, interspecific genome recombination between a. oryzae and a. niger was performed. through stabilization with d-camphor and haploidization with benomyl, several stable fusants with higher activity of acid protease were obtained, showing different degrees of improvement in acid protease activity compared with the parental strain a. oryzae. in a ...201021107641
in situ generation of hydrogen peroxide by carbohydrate oxidase and cellobiose dehydrogenase for bleaching purposes.the carbohydrate oxidase from microdochium nivale (caox), heterologously expressed in aspergillus oryzae, and cellobiose dehydrogenase from myriococcum thermophilum (mtcdh), were assessed for their ability to generate bleaching species at a ph suitable for liquid detergents. the substrate specificities of caox and mtcdh were analyzed on a large variety of soluble and insoluble substrates, using oxygen as an electron receptor. even insoluble substrates like cellulose were oxidized from both caox ...201021117085
asporyergosterol, a new steroid from an algicolous isolate of aspergillus oryzae.asporyergosterol (1), a new steroid with an e double bond between c-17 and c-20, was identified from the culture extracts of aspergillus oryzae, an endophytic fungus isolated from the marine red alga heterosiphonia japonica. moreover, four known steroids including (22e,24r)-ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (2), (22e,24r)-3beta-hydroxyergosta-5,8,22-trien-7-one (3), (22e,24r)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3beta,5alpha,6beta-triol (4), and (22e,24r)-5alpha,8alpha-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3beta-ol (5) were ...201021121251
production of 3,4-dihydroxy l-phenylalanine by a newly isolated aspergillus niger and parameter significance analysis by plackett-burman design.the amino acid derivative 3,4-dihydroxy l-phenylalanine (l-dopa) is gaining interest as a drug of choice for parkinson's disease. aspergillus oryzae is commonly used for l-dopa production; however, a slower growth rate and relatively lower tyrosinase activity of mycelia have led to an increasing interest in exploiting alternative fungal cultures. in the present investigation, we report on the microbiological transformation of l-tyrosine to l-dopa accomplished by a newly isolated filamentous fung ...201021143944
crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of formate oxidase, an enzyme of the glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase family.formate oxidase (fod), which catalyzes the oxidation of formate to yield carbon dioxide and hydrogen peroxide, belongs to the glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase (gmco) family. fod from aspergillus oryzae rib40, which has a modified fad as a cofactor, was crystallized at 293 k by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. the crystal was orthorhombic and belonged to space group c222(1). diffraction data were collected from a single crystal to 2.4 a resolution.201020823527
identification and characterization of genes responsible for biosynthesis of kojic acid, an industrially important compound from aspergillus oryzae.kojic acid is produced in large amounts by aspergillus oryzae as a secondary metabolite and is widely used in the cosmetic industry. glucose can be converted to kojic acid, perhaps by only a few steps, but no genes for the conversion have thus far been revealed. using a dna microarray, gene expression profiles under three pairs of conditions significantly affecting kojic acid production were compared. all genes were ranked using an index parameter reflecting both high amounts of transcription an ...201020849972
secreted fungal sulfhydryl oxidases: sequence analysis and characterisation of a representative flavin-dependent enzyme from aspergillus oryzae.sulfhydryl oxidases are flavin-dependent enzymes that catalyse the formation of de novo disulfide bonds from free thiol groups, with the reduction of molecular oxygen to hydrogen peroxide. sulfhydryl oxidases have been investigated in the food industry to remove the burnt flavour of ultraheat-treated milk and are currently studied as potential crosslinking enzymes, aiming at strengthening wheat dough and improving the overall bread quality.201020727152
contribution of ethanol-tolerant xylanase g2 from aspergillus oryzae on japanese sake brewing.we purified three xylanase isozymes (xynf1, xynf3 and xyng2) from a solid-state aspergillus oryzae rib128 culture using chromatography. the results of our sake-brewing experiment, in which we used exogenously supplemented enzymes, revealed that only xyng2 improved the alcohol yield and the material utilization. the alcohol yield of the xyng2 batch displayed an increase of 4.4% in comparison to the control, and the amount of sake cake decreased by 4.6%. the contribution of xyng2 was further confi ...201020727822
a novel aspergillus oryzae esterase that hydrolyzes 4-hydroxybenzoic acid esters.in this study we report the biochemical characterization of a hypothetical protein from aspergillus oryzae exhibiting sequence identity with feruloyl esterase and tannase from the genus aspergillus. the purified recombinant protein showed a hydrolytic activity toward the ethyl, propyl, or butyl esters of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, but did not show feruloyl esterase or tannase activity. finally, the enzyme decreased the antimicrobial activity of parabens against a. oryzae via hydrolysis of the ester ...201020728445
indoloditerpenes from an algicolous isolate of aspergillus oryzae.two new indoloditerpene derivatives asporyzin a (1) and asporyzin b (2), one new indoloditerpene asporyzin c (3), and three known related indoloditerpenes jbir-03 (4), emindole sb (5), and emeniveol (6) were isolated from an endophytic fungus aspergillus oryzae, isolated from the marine red alga heterosiphonia japonica. their structures were unambiguously established by spectroscopic techniques. in addition, all the isolates were evaluated preliminarily for insecticidal and antimicrobial activit ...201020797856
microbiological and biochemical survey on the transition of fermentative processes in fukuyama pot vinegar brewing.traditional brewing of fukuyama pot vinegar is a process that has been continued in fukuyama, kagoshima, japan, for almost 200 years. the entire process proceeds from raw materials, including steamed rice, rice koji (steamed rice grown with a fungus, aspergillus oryzae) and water, to produce vinegar in roughly capped large pots laid in the open air. no special fermentative manipulation is required, except for scattering dried rice koji (called furi-koji) on the surface of the mash to form a cap- ...201020647677
a novel enzymatic microreactor with aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase immobilized on silicon dioxide nanosprings.the use of silicon dioxide (sio(2) ) nanosprings as supports for immobilized enzymes in a continuous microreactor is described. a nanospring mat (2.2 cm(2) × 60 μm thick) was functionalized with γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, then treated with n-succinimidyl-3-(2-pyridyldithio)-propionate (spdp) and dithiothreitol (dtt) to produce surface thiol (--sh) groups. spdp-modified β-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae was immobilized on the thiolated nanosprings by reversible disulfide linkages. the en ...201020661927
a comparative study of activity and apparent inhibition of fungal β-glucosidases.β-glucosidases (bgs) from aspergillus fumigates, aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, chaetomium globosum, emericella nidulans, magnaporthe grisea, neurospora crassa, and penicillium brasilianum were purified to homogeneity, and analyzed by isothermal titration calorimetry with respect to their hydrolytic activity and its sensitivity to glucose (product) using cellobiose as substrate. global non-linear regression of several reactions, with or without added glucose, to a product inhibition equa ...201020677177
simple metabolite extraction method for metabolic profiling of the solid-state fermentation of aspergillus oryzae.solid-state culture of microorganisms is an important style of culture both in the traditional food industry and in the modern fermentation industry. we propose here a simple method for metabolite extraction from the solid-state fermentation of a filamentous fungus, aspergillus oryzae, which is known as rice-koji. to evaluate the efficiency of metabolite extraction, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (lc/ms) was used for simultaneous detection of a wide range of metabolites including amino ...201020685162
enzymatic synthesis and characterization of hydroquinone galactoside using kluyveromyces lactis lactase.hydroquinone galactoside (hq-gal) as a potential skin whitening agent was synthesized by the reaction of lactase (beta-galactosidase) from kluyveromyces lactis, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus circulans, and thermus sp. with lactose as a donor and hq as an acceptor. among these lactases, the acceptor reaction involving hq and lactose with k. lactis lactase showed a higher conversion ratio to hq-gal (60.27%). hq-gal was purified using butanol partitioning and silica gel column chromatography. the st ...201020687552
purification and characterization of termite endogenous beta-1,4-endoglucanases produced in aspergillus oryzae.although termites are known to have a highly efficient lignocellulose-digesting system, mass production of native endogenous cellulases of termites has failed in escherchia coli, and in saccharomyces cerevisiae, and it has not been accomplished. here we report the successful production, purification, and characterization of two termite endogenous beta-1,4-endoglucanases, rseg and nteg, from the salivary gland of reticulitermes speratus and the midgut of nasutitermes takasagoensis respectively, u ...201020699551
characterization of a cellobiohydrolase (mocel6a) produced by magnaporthe oryzae.three gh-6 family cellobiohydrolases are expected in the genome of magnaporthe grisea based on the complete genome sequence. here, we demonstrate the properties, kinetics, and substrate specificities of a magnaporthe oryzae gh-6 family cellobiohydrolase (mocel6a). in addition, the effect of cellobiose on mocel6a activity was also investigated. mocel6a contiguously fused to a histidine tag was overexpressed in m. oryzae and purified by affinity chromatography. mocel6a showed higher hydrolytic act ...201020709852
applicability of penicillium chrysogenum rheological correlations to broths of other fungal strains.existing correlations of power law consistency index with penicillium chrysogenum biomass concentration and morphology were revised using a microscope magnification of 50 times to characterize the latter, rather than the 80 times used previously. this allowed tests of the correlations on broths of aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger, which have such large mycelial sizes that a lower magnification is required for accurate morphological analysis. the new correlations were successful at predic ...201020574833
first heterologous reconstruction of a complete functional fungal biosynthetic multigene cluster. 201020575135
identifying 8-hydroxynaringenin as a suicide substrate of mushroom tyrosinase.a biotransformed metabolite of naringenin was isolated from the fermentation broth of aspergillus oryzae, fed with naringenin, and identified as 8-hydroxynaringenin based on the mass and (1)h- and (13)c-nmr spectral data. the compound showed characteristics of both an irreversible inhibitor and a substrate of mushroom tyrosinase in preincubation and hplc analysis. these results demonstrate that 8-hydroxynaringenin belongs to a suicide substrate of mushroom tyrosinase. the partition ratio between ...201020587349
a novel pathway for nicotine degradation by aspergillus oryzae 112822 isolated from tobacco leaves.an efficient nicotine-degrading fungus was isolated from tobacco leaves and identified as aspergillus oryzae 112822 based on morphological characteristics and sequence analysis of 18s rdna, 5.8s rdna and the internal transcribed spacer (5.8s-its region). when the strain was cultured in a medium with tobacco leaf extract for 40 h, the maximum amount of cell growth was 3.6 g l(-1) and nicotine degradation was 2.19 g l(-1). the intermediates of nicotine degradation by resting cells were isolated by ...201020600861
enhanced production and secretion of heterologous proteins by the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae via disruption of vacuolar protein sorting receptor gene aovps10.filamentous fungi have received attention as hosts for heterologous protein production because of their high secretion capability and eukaryotic posttranslational modifications. however, despite these positive attributes, a bottleneck in posttranscriptional processing limits protein yields. the vacuolar protein sorting gene vps10 encodes a sorting receptor for the recognition and delivery of several yeast vacuolar proteins. although it can also target recombinant and aberrant proteins for vacuol ...201020622126
aspergillus oryzae type iii polyketide synthase csya is involved in the biosynthesis of 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid.as a novel superfamily of type iii polyketide synthases in microbes, four genes csya, csyb, csyc, and csyd, were found in the genome of aspergillus oryzae, an industrially important filamentous fungus. in order to analyze their functions, we carried out the overexpression of csya under the control of alpha-amylase promoter in a. oryzae and identified 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (dhba) as the major product. feeding experiments using (13)c-labeled acetates confirmed that the acetate labeling pattern ...201020630753
analysis of bacterial and fungal communities in japanese- and chinese-fermented soybean pastes using nested pcr-dgge.the microbial diversity of japanese- and chinese-fermented soybean pastes was investigated using nested pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). five japanese-fermented soybean paste samples and three chinese-fermented soybean paste samples were analyzed for bacteria and fungi. extracted dna was used as a template for pcr to amplify 16s rrna and 18s rrna genes. the nearly complete 16s rrna and 18s rrna genes were amplified using universal primers, and the resulting products were subse ...201019924476
acid protease production by solid-state fermentation using aspergillus oryzae mtcc 5341: optimization of process parameters.aspergillus oryzae mtcc 5341, when grown on wheat bran as substrate, produces several extracellular acid proteases. production of the major acid protease (constituting 34% of the total) by solid-state fermentation is optimized. optimum operating conditions obtained are determined as ph 5, temperature of incubation of 30 degrees c, defatted soy flour addition of 4%, and fermentation time of 120 h, resulting in acid protease production of 8.64 x 10(5) u/g bran. response-surface methodology is used ...201019937364
expression and export: recombinant protein production systems for aspergillus.several aspergillus species, in particular aspergillus niger and aspergillus oryzae, are widely used as protein production hosts in various biotechnological applications. in order to improve the expression and secretion of recombinant proteins in these filamentous fungi, several novel genetic engineering strategies have been developed in recent years. this review describes state-of-the-art genetic manipulation technologies used for strain improvement, as well as recent advances in designing the ...201020532762
penicillin biosynthesis in aspergillus oryzae and its overproduction by genetic engineering.aspergillus oryzae penicillin biosynthetic genes were clustered. the penicillin production was positively regulated by vea, a global gene regulator required for transcriptional expression of the penicillin biosynthetic genes. overexpression of the biosynthetic genes by a strong promoter yielded a greater than 100-fold increase in penicillin production.201020541108
alternative method for quantification of alfa-amylase activity.a modification of the sensitive agar diffusion method was developed for macro-scale determination of alfa-amylase. the proposed modifications lower costs with the utilisation of starch as substrate and agar as supporting medium. thus, a standard curve was built using alfa-amylase solution from aspergillus oryzae, with concentrations ranging from 2.4 to 7,500 u.ml-1. clear radial diffusion zones were measured after 4 hours of incubation at 20 a degrees c. a linear relationship between the logarit ...201020552148
genetic analysis of conidiation regulatory pathways in koji-mold aspergillus oryzae.conidia of koji-mold aspergillus oryzae are often used as starters in the fermented food industry. however, little is known about conidiation regulation in a. oryzae. to improve the productivity of conidia in a. oryzae, it is necessary to understand conidiation regulation in the strain. therefore, we analyzed the conidiation regulatory system in a. oryzae using 10 kinds of conidiation regulatory gene disruptants. the phenotypes of aorflug, aorflba, aorflbb, aorflbc, aorflbd, aorflbe, aorbrla, ao ...201019850144
characterization and expression analysis of a maltose-utilizing (mal) cluster in aspergillus oryzae.starch and maltooligosaccharides such as maltose and maltotriose induce the production of amylolytic enzymes including alpha-amylase in aspergillus oryzae. a transcriptional activator gene amyr, required for maltose induction of amylolytic enzymes, has been cloned and characterized. the amyr gene deletion mutant showed significantly poor growth on starch medium but normal growth on maltose medium. this indicated the existence of another maltose-utilizing system, whose expression might not be con ...201019850146
a trial of minimization of chromosome 7 in aspergillus oryzae by multiple chromosomal deletions.we aim to create an aspergillus oryzae mutant with a highly reduced chromosome, but better growth, by eliminating the nonessential regions coding various dispensable functions for its better industrial use. in our previous study, we successfully determined the outline of essential and nonessential regions by constructing a series of large chromosomal deletions in a. oryzae chromosome 7. based on these results, we here constructed two mutants, designated rkuaf7a and rkuaf7b, lacking 24.7 and 24% ...201019855999
aoso protein accumulates at the septal pore in response to various stresses in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.filamentous ascomycetes form hyphal networks that are compartmentalized by septa which have a perforated pore allowing the passage of cytoplasm and organelles between adjacent hyphal compartments. thus, the septal pore may play an important role in the organized growth of multicellular organisms. upon hyphal injury, the septal pore is plugged by a wound-healing organelle, known as the woronin body, to prevent excessive cytoplasmic leakage. however, the movement of proteins towards the septal por ...201019945422
hydrolysis of amylopectin by amylolytic enzymes: structural analysis of the residual amylopectin population.amylopectin fine structures were studied following limited hydrolysis of gelatinised waxy maize starch by amylases with a different level of inner chain attack (lica). this was done by size exclusion chromatography as well as by debranching the (partially hydrolysed) amylopectin samples and studying the size distributions of the released chains. alpha-amylases from bacillus amyloliquefaciens and aspergillus oryzae, with a relatively high lica, drastically altered amylopectin chain length distrib ...201019962130
hydrolysis of amylopectin by amylolytic enzymes: level of inner chain attack as an important analytical differentiation criterion.differences in amylase action pattern on amylopectin were demonstrated by the relation between the decrease in potassium iodide-iodine binding of waxy maize starch and the increase in reducing value during hydrolysis, as expressed by the rv(80) value (i.e., the reducing value for a potassium iodide-iodine binding value of 80% of that of the starting material). in the initial stages of the hydrolysis, the ratio of the increase in the level of reducing polysaccharides to the increase in the total ...201019962134
development and refinement of a high-efficiency gene-targeting system for aspergillus flavus.an efficient gene-targeting system based on impairment of the nonhomologous end-joining pathway and the orotidine monophosphate decarboxylase gene (pyrg) in aspergillus flavus was established. it was achieved by replacing the ku70 gene with the aspergillus oryzae pyrithiamine resistance (ptr) gene and by inserting the aspergillus parasiticus cypa gene into the pyrg locus. the utility of this system was demonstrated by disruption of nine candidate genes for conidial pigment biosynthesis. the gene ...201020298723
analysis of genome-wide coexpression and coevolution of aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger.analysis of coexpressed genes in response to different perturbations at the genome-level can provide new insight into global regulatory structures. here we performed integrated data analysis for a crossspecies comparative investigation by exploring genomes and transcriptional coexpression profiles in aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger. based on our analysis of conserved coexpressed genes, fatty acid catabolism via beta-oxidation, fatty acid transport, the glyoxylate bypass, and peroxisomal ...201020337533
molecular characterization and isolation of cytochrome p450 genes from the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.we explored the molecular diversity of cytochrome p450 genes in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae using bioinformatic and experimental approaches. based on bioinformatic annotation, we found 155 putative genes of cytochromes p450 in the whole genome sequence; however, 13 of 155 appeared to be pseudogenes due to sequence deletions and/or inframe stop codon(s). there are 87 families of a. oryzae cytochromes p450 (aocyps), indicating considerable phylogenetic diversity. to characterize a. o ...201020358180
molecular strategy for identification in aspergillus section flavi.aspergillus flavus is one of the most common contaminants that produces aflatoxins in foodstuffs. it is also a human allergen and a pathogen of animals and plants. aspergillus flavus is included in the aspergillus section flavi that comprises 11 closely related species producing different profiles of secondary metabolites. a six-step strategy has been developed that allows identification of nine of the 11 species. first, three real-time pcr reactions allowed us to discriminate four groups within ...201020377644
survey of the transcriptome of aspergillus oryzae via massively parallel mrna sequencing.aspergillus oryzae, an important filamentous fungus used in food fermentation and the enzyme industry, has been shown through genome sequencing and various other tools to have prominent features in its genomic composition. however, the functional complexity of the a. oryzae transcriptome has not yet been fully elucidated. here, we applied direct high-throughput paired-end rna-sequencing (rna-seq) to the transcriptome of a. oryzae under four different culture conditions. with the high resolution ...201020392818
effect of halotolerant starter microorganisms on chemical characteristics of fermented chum salmon (oncorhynchus keta) sauce.chum salmon sauce mash was inoculated with barley koji (barley steamed and molded with aspergillus oryzae ) and halotolerant microorganisms (htms), zygosaccharomyces rouxii , candida versatilis , and tetragenococcus halophilus , in nine different combinations under non-aseptic conditions similar to the industrial fish sauce production and fermented at 35 +/- 2.5 degrees c for 84 days. the changes in the chemical components, color, and sensory properties during fermentation were investigated. fre ...201020405947
application of exogenous enzymes to beef muscle of high and low-connective tissue.exogenous enzymes tenderize meat through proteolysis. triceps brachii and supraspinatus were randomly assigned to the seven enzyme treatments, papain, ficin, bromelain, homogenized fresh ginger, bacillus subtilis protease, and two aspergillus oryzae proteases or control to determine the extent of tenderization (warner-bratzler shear and sensory evaluation) and mode of action (myofibrillar or collagen degradation). sensory evaluation showed improvement (p<0.0009) for tenderness and connective tis ...201020416788
microbiota during fermentation of chum salmon (oncorhynchus keta) sauce mash inoculated with halotolerant microbial starters: analyses using the plate count method and pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge).nine different combinations of mugi koji (barley steamed and molded with aspergillus oryzae) and halotolerant microorganisms (htms), zygosaccharomyces rouxii, candida versatilis, and tetragenococcus halophilus, were inoculated into chum salmon sauce mash under a non-aseptic condition used in industrial fish sauce production and fermented at 35 +/- 2.5 degrees c for 84 days to elucidate the microbial dynamics (i.e., microbial count and microbiota) during fermentation. the viable count of halotole ...201020417400
direct microbial conversion of wheat straw into lipid by a cellulolytic fungus of aspergillus oryzae a-4 in solid-state fermentation.direct microbial conversion of wheat straw into lipid by a cellulolytic fungus of aspergillus oryzae a-4 in solid-state fermentation (ssf) was investigated. in submerged fermentation, a. oryzae a-4 accumulated lipid to 15-18.15% of biomass when pure cellulose was utilized as the sole substrate. in ssf of the wheat straw and bran mixture, a. oryzae a-4 yielded lipid of 36.6mg/g dry substrate (gds), and a cellulase activity of 1.82 fpu/gds with 25.25% of holocellulose utilization in the substrates ...201020444596
high-level expression and efficient purification of bioactive swollenin in aspergillus oryzae.the bioactivity of swollenin is beneficial to cellulose decomposition by cellulase despite the lack of hydrolytic activity itself. in order to improve the productivity of swollenin, the effects of culture conditions on the expression level in recombinant aspergillus oryzae were investigated systematically. with regard to the bioactivity of swollenin, glycerin and peanut meal were the optimal carbon or nitrogen source, respectively. the highest level production of swollenin (50 mg l(-1)) was atta ...201020446057
functional hypothesis on miraculin' sweetness by a molecular dynamics approach.miraculin differs from other sweet-tasting proteins because it is a taste-modifier having the unusual property of modifying sourness into sweetness. its dimer is covalently linked by an inter-chain disulphide bond, and shows its taste-modifying activity at acidic ph, with maximum at ph 3.0, while it is flat at neutral ph. previous studies suggested the importance of two histidine residues for the taste-modifying activity of miraculin. in this work, we have conducted molecular dynamics simulation ...201020451498
a eukaryotic copper-containing nitrite reductase derived from a nirk homolog gene of aspergillus oryzae.we cloned a bacterial copper-containing nitrite reductase (nirk) homolog gene of aspergillus oryzae (aonirk). alignment showed that amino acid residues crucial for copper binding are conserved in the deduced sequence of the fungal protein. the recombinant protein exhibited distinct nitrite reductase activity, and its absorption and epr spectra showed the presence of type 1 and type 2 copper atoms in the molecule. aonirk transcriptionally responded to denitrification conditions. although the deni ...201020460712
molecular cloning of ocpo encoding carboxypeptidase o of aspergillus oryzae iam2640.carboxypeptidase o from aspergillus oryzae iam2640 is a serine-type carboxypeptidase. in this study, we cloned and sequenced cdna and genomic dna carrying ocpo encoding carboxypeptidase o. the results showed that the length of ocpo was 1,816 bp, and the open reading frame encoded a putative preproenzyme composed of 472 amino acid residues of the mature carboxypeptidase o and an additional n-terminal sequence of 50 amino acid residues. a blastn search revealed that a gene, ao090020000351, in a. o ...201020460731
use of the aspergillus oryzae actin gene promoter in a novel reporter system for exploring antifungal compounds and their target genes.demand for novel antifungal drugs for medical and agricultural uses has been increasing because of the diversity of pathogenic fungi and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. genomic resources for various living species, including pathogenic fungi, can be utilized to develop novel and effective antifungal compounds. we used aspergillus oryzae as a model to construct a reporter system for exploring novel antifungal compounds and their target genes. the comprehensive gene expression analysis sh ...201020464390
4-deoxy-substrates for beta-n-acetylhexosaminidases: how to make use of their loose specificity.beta-n-acetylhexosaminidases feature so-called wobbling specificity, which means that they cleave substrates both in gluco- and galacto- configurations, with the activity ratio depending on the enzyme source. here we present the new finding that fungal beta-n-acetylhexosaminidases are able to hydrolyze and transfer 4-deoxy-n-acetylhexosaminides with high yields. this clearly demonstrates that the 4-hydroxy moiety at the substrate pyranose ring is not essential for substrate binding to the enzyme ...201020466648
identification of csypyrone b1 as the novel product of aspergillus oryzae type iii polyketide synthase csyb.as a novel superfamily of type iii polyketide synthases (pkss) in microbes, four genes, csya, csyb, csyc, and csyd, were found in the genome of aspergillus oryzae, an industrially important filamentous fungus. although orthologs of csya, csyc, and csyd genes are present in a closely related species, aspergillus flavus, csyb gene is unique to a. oryzae. to identify its function, we carried out overexpression of csyb gene under the control of alpha-amylase promoter in a. oryzae. 3-(3-acetyl-4-hydr ...201020471846
simultaneous c7- and n1-prenylation of cyclo-l-trp-l-trp catalyzed by a prenyltransferase from aspergillus oryzae.a putative prenyltransferase gene ctrppt was amplified from aspergillus oryzae dsm1147, cloned into pqe70 and overexpressed in escherichia coli. the overproduced his(6)-ctrppt was purified to near homogeneity and incubated with l-tryptophan or tryptophan-containing cyclic dipeptides in the presence of dimethylallyl diphosphate. the formation of the enzyme products was monitored with hplc. it was shown that ctrppt differed clearly from other known indole prenyltransferases in several aspects. thi ...201020473424
antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil from herba moslae.herba moslae is a well-known edible and medicinal plant in china, and the essential oil, which is assumed to contain the active components, was isolated by steam distillation method. the aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity and the antioxidant activity of the essential oil from herba moslae.201020474054
solanapyrone synthase, a possible diels-alderase and iterative type i polyketide synthase encoded in a biosynthetic gene cluster from alternaria solani.the solanapyrone biosynthetic gene cluster was cloned from alternaria solani. it consists of six genes-sol1-6-coding for a polyketide synthase, an o-methyltransferase, a dehydrogenase, a transcription factor, a flavin-dependent oxidase, and cytochrome p450. the prosolanapyrone synthase (pss) encoded by sol1 was expressed in aspergillus oryzae and its product was identified as desmethylprosolanapyrone i (8). although pss is closely related to the pkss/diels-alderases lovb and mlca of lovastatin a ...201020486243
display of both n- and c-terminal target fusion proteins on the aspergillus oryzae cell surface using a chitin-binding module.a novel cell surface display system in aspergillus oryzae was established by using a chitin-binding module (cbm) from saccharomyces cerevisiae as an anchor protein. cbm was fused to the n or c terminus of green fluorescent protein (gfp) and the fusion proteins (gfp-cbm and cbm-gfp) were expressed using a. oryzae as a host. western blotting and fluorescence microscopy analysis showed that both gfp-cbm and cbm-gfp were successfully expressed on the cell surface. in addition, cell surface display o ...201020499230
a randomized controlled trial to assess the impact of dietary energy sources, feed supplements, and the presence of super-shedders on the detection of escherichia coli o157:h7 in feedlot cattle using different diagnostic procedures.alteration of the gastro-intestinal tract through manipulation of cattle diets has been proposed as a preharvest control measure to reduce fecal shedding of escherichia coli o157:h7. the objective of this study was to examine the effects of the energy source's moisture content (high moisture corn and dry whole-shelled corn), two natural feed supplements (saccaromyces cerevisiae boulardii cncm 1079-levucell and aspergillus oryzae-amaferm), and two levels of vitamin a (2200 iu/kg and no supplement ...201020500082
heterologous expression and characterization of an endoglucanase from a symbiotic protist of the lower termite, reticulitermes speratus.rssymeg, an endoglucanase of glycosyl hydrolase family (ghf) 7 encoded by a transcript isolated from the symbiotic protist of the termite reticulitermes speratus, is expressed in aspergillus oryzae. interestingly, purified rssymeg1 has a relatively higher specific activity (603 micromol min(-1) mg(-1) protein) and v(max) value (769.6 unit/mg protein) than previously reported data for ghf7 endoglucanase of trichoderma ressei. it also has the same k(m) value (1.97 mg/ml) with clostridium celluloly ...201019404781
d-lactic acid production from cellooligosaccharides and beta-glucan using l-ldh gene-deficient and endoglucanase-secreting lactobacillus plantarum.in order to achieve direct fermentation of an optically pure d: -lactic acid from cellulosic materials, an endoglucanase from a clostridium thermocellum (cela)-secreting plasmid was introduced into an l: -lactate dehydrogenase gene (ldhl1)-deficient lactobacillus plantarum (ldhl1) bacterial strain. cela expression and its degradation of beta-glucan was confirmed by western blot analysis and enzyme assay, respectively. although the cela-secreting ldhl1 assimilated cellooligosaccharides up to cell ...201019597813
characterization of a 52 kda exoantigen of penicillium chrysogenum and monoclonal antibodies suitable for its detection.the indoor clade of penicillium chrysogenum, the so-called fleming clade, is the most common species of penicillium on moldy building materials. in a previous study, we identified a 52 kda human antigen characteristic of the indoor clade of p. chrysogenum not present in a taxonomically diverse selection of fungi. further investigations revealed that it is a modestly glycosylated mature protein with a pi 5.3. the protein is apparently identical to a glucoamylase previously reported from an alumin ...201019653120
production and characterization of a milk-clotting enzyme from aspergillus oryzae mtcc 5341.microbial milk-clotting enzymes are valued as calf rennet substitutes in the cheese industry. aspergillus oryzae mtcc 5341 was identified to produce the highest milk-clotting activity during screening of 16 fungal strains. solid state fermentation using wheat bran along with 4% defatted soy flour and 2% skim milk powder as substrate was optimal for growth of a. oryzae and production of the enzyme. nearly 40,000 u/g bran of milk-clotting activity was present at the end of 120 h. the enzyme could ...201019727708
characterization and kinetic analysis of a thermostable gh3 beta-glucosidase from penicillium brasilianum.a gh3 beta-glucosidase (bgl) from penicillium brasilianum was purified to homogeneity after cultivation on a cellulose and xylan rich medium. the bgl was identified in a genomic library, and it was successfully expressed in aspergillus oryzae. the bgl had excellent stability at elevated temperatures with no loss in activity after 24 h of incubation at 60 degrees c at ph 4-6, and the bgl was shown to have significantly higher stability at these conditions in comparison to novozym 188 and to other ...201019756584
discovery of a new tyrosinase-like enzyme family lacking a c-terminally processed domain: production and characterization of an aspergillus oryzae catechol oxidase.a homology search against public fungal genome sequences was performed to discover novel secreted tyrosinases. the analyzed proteins could be divided in two groups with different lengths (350-400 and 400-600 residues), suggesting the presence of a new class of secreted enzymes lacking the c-terminal domain. among them, a sequence from aspergillus oryzae (408 aa, aoco4) was selected for production and characterization. aoco4 was expressed in trichoderma reesei under the strong cbh1 promoter. expr ...201019798497
enzymatic degradation products from a marine polysaccharide ycp with different immunological activity and binding affinity to macrophages, hydrolyzed by alpha-amylases from different origins.ycp is a marine polysaccharide with anti-tumor and immune-modulating effects. this study evaluated the effect of enzymatic degradation of ycp by alpha-amylases from different origins on its immunological activity and binding ability to the macrophages. ycp was hydrolyzed by alpha-amylases isolated from aspergillus oryzae, bacillus licheniformis, barley malt, and porcine pancreas respectively, then four fragments with unique molecular weight (termed: ycp-ao, ycp-bl, ycp-bm, and ycp-pp, respective ...201020004229
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