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enhanced transgene expression in sugarcane by co-expression of virus-encoded rna silencing suppressors.post-transcriptional gene silencing is commonly observed in polyploid species and often poses a major limitation to plant improvement via biotechnology. five plant viral suppressors of rna silencing were evaluated for their ability to counteract gene silencing and enhance the expression of the enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (eyfp) or the β-glucuronidase (gus) reporter gene in sugarcane, a major sugar and biomass producing polyploid. functionality of these suppressors was first verified in n ...201323799071
5' regulatory region of ubiquitin 2 gene from porteresia coarctata makes efficient promoters for transgene expression in monocots and dicots.porteresia ubiquitin 5' regulatory region drives transgene expression in monocots and dicots. ubiquitin promoters are promising candidates for constitutive transgene expression in plants. in this study, we isolated and characterized a novel 5' regulatory sequence of a ubiquitin gene from porteresia coarctata, a stress-tolerant wild grass species. through functional analysis in heterologous plant systems, we have demonstrated that full length (port ubi2.3) or truncated sequence (pd2) of the isola ...201323508257
engineering and adaptive evolution of escherichia coli w for l-lactic acid fermentation from molasses and corn steep liquor without additional nutrients.the d-lactic acid producing strain, escherichia coli hbut-d, was reengineered for l(+)-lactic acid fermentation by replacing the d-lactate dehydrogenase gene (ldha) with an l(+)-lactate dehydrogenase gene (ldhl) from pedicoccus acidilactici, followed by adaptive evolution in sucrose. the resulting strain, wyz-l, has enhanced expression of the sucrose operon (csca and csckb). in 100 g l(-1) of sucrose fermentation using mineral salt medium, wyz-l produced 97 g l(-1) of l(+)-lactic acid, with a yi ...201324063823
molecular cloning and characterization of two pathogenesis-related β-1,3-glucanase genes scglua1 and scglud1 from sugarcane infected by sporisorium scitamineum.two β-1,3-glucanase genes from sugarcane were cloned and characterized. they were all located in apoplast and involves in different expression patterns in biotic and abiotic stress. smut caused by sporisorium scitamineum is a serious disease in the sugarcane industry. β-1,3-glucanase, a typical pathogenesis-related protein, has been shown to express during plant-pathogen interaction and involves in sugarcane defense response. in this study, β-1,3-glucanase enzyme activity in the resistant variet ...201323842883
repetitive succinic acid production from lignocellulose hydrolysates by enhancement of atp supply in metabolically engineered escherichia coli.in this study, repetitive production of succinic acid from lignocellulose hydrolysates by enhancement of atp supply in metabolically engineered e. coli is reported. escherichia coli ba305, a pflb, ldha, ppc, and ptsg deletion strain overexpressing atp-forming phosphoenolpyruvate (pep) carboxykinase (pepck), produced a final succinic acid concentration of 83 g l(-1) with a high yield of 0.87 g g(-1) total sugar in 36 h of three repetitive fermentations of sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate. furthermor ...201323819977
scmt2-1-3, a metallothionein gene of sugarcane, plays an important role in the regulation of heavy metal tolerance/accumulation.plant metallothioneins (mts), which are cysteine-rich, low-molecular-weight, and metal-binding proteins, play important roles in detoxification, metal ion homeostasis, and metal transport adjustment. in this study, a novel metallothionein gene, designated as scmt2-1-3 (genbank accession number jq627644), was identified from sugarcane. scmt2-1-3 was 700 bp long, including a 240 bp open reading frame (orf) encoding 79 amino acid residues. a his-tagged scmt2-1-3 protein was successfully expressed i ...201323781509
a 24.7-kda copper-containing oxidase, secreted by thermobifida fusca, significantly increasing the xylanase/cellulase-catalyzed hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse.thermobifida fusca is a moderately thermophilic soil bacterium belonging to actinobacteria. it has been known for its capability to degrade plant cell wall polymers except lignin and pectin. to know whether it can produce enzymes to facilitate lignin degradation, the extracellular proteins bound to sugarcane bagasse were harvested and identified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. among the identified proteins, a putative copper-containing polyphenol oxidase of 241 amino acids, en ...201323377789
in vitro generation of somaclonal variant plants of sugarcane for tolerance to fusarium sacchari.key message : a combination of in vitro culture and mutagenesis using ethyl methanesulfonate (ems) followed by culture filtrate-mediated selection produced variant sugarcane plants tolerant and resistant to fusarium sacchari. eldana saccharina is a destructive pest of the sugarcane crop in south africa. fusarium sacchari png40 (a fungal strain harmful to e. saccharina) has the potential to be an endophytic biological control agent of the stalk borer. however, the fungus causes fusarium stalk rot ...201323090725
direct ethanol production from glucose, xylose and sugarcane bagasse by the corn endophytic fungi fusarium verticillioides and acremonium zeae.production of ethanol with two corn endophytic fungi, fusarium verticillioides and acremonium zeae, was studied. the yield of ethanol from glucose, xylose and a mixture of both sugars were 0.47, 0.46 and 0.50g/g ethanol/sugar for f. verticillioides and 0.37, 0.39 and 0.48g/g ethanol/sugar for a. zeae. both fungi were able to co-ferment glucose and xylose. ethanol production from 40g/l of pre-treated sugarcane bagasse was 4.6 and 3.9g/l for f. verticillioides and a. zeae, respectively, yielding 0 ...201323942376
identification and characterization of an iron abc transporter operon in gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus pal 5.gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium and endophyte of sugarcane. we have cloned and sequenced the genes coding for the components of the iron abc-type acquisition system of g. diazotrophicus. sequence analysis revealed three orfs, (feua, feub, and feuc) organized as an operon and encoding polypeptides of 346 (38 kda), 342 (34.2 kda), and 240 (26 kda) amino acids, respectively. the deduced translation products of the feu operon showed similarity with a periplasmic solut ...201323624722
complete genome sequence of leifsonia xyli subsp. cynodontis strain dsm46306, a gram-positive bacterial pathogen of grasses.we announce the complete genome sequence of leifsonia xyli subsp. cynodontis, a vascular pathogen of bermuda grass. the species also comprises leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli, a sugarcane pathogen. since these two subspecies have genome sequences available, a comparative analysis will contribute to our understanding of the differences in their biology and host specificity.201324201198
development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification for detection of leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli in sugarcane.ratoon stunt, caused by the xylem-limited coryneform bacterium leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (lxx), is a deep bacteriosis and prevalent in most of sugarcane-producing countries. based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp), we developed a method for detecting lxx. the major advantages of the lamp method are visual judgment by color and time saving with only 60 min for identification of lxx and without the need for costly pcr apparatus and gel scanner. in the present study, positive and ne ...201323710444
engineered enterobacter aerogenes for efficient utilization of sugarcane molasses in 2,3-butanediol production.sugarcane molasses is considered to be a good carbon source for biorefinery due to its high sugar content and low price. sucrose occupies more than half of the sugar in the molasses. enterobacter aerogenes is a good host strain for 2,3-butanediol production, but its utilization of sucrose is not very efficient. to improve sucrose utilization in e. aerogenes, a sucrose regulator (scrr) was disrupted from the genomic dna. the deletion mutation increased the sucrose consumption rate significantly w ...201323644066
sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis using yeast cellulolytic enzymes.ethanol fuel production from lignocellulosic biomass is emerging as one of the most important technologies for sustainable development. to use this biomass, it is necessary to circumvent the physical and chemical barriers presented by the cohesive combination of the main biomass components, which hinders the hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose into fermentable sugars. this study evaluated the hydrolytic capacity of enzymes produced by yeasts, isolated from the soils of the brazilian cerrad ...201323851270
gene silencing in root lesion nematodes (pratylenchus spp.) significantly reduces reproduction in a plant host.root lesion nematodes (rlns, pratylenchus species) are a group of economically important migratory endoparasitic plant pathogens that attack host roots of major crops such as wheat and sugarcane, and can reduce crop yields by 7-15%. pratylenchus thornei and pratylenchus zeae were treated with double stranded rna (dsrna) to study gene silencing, (rna interference, rnai), as a potential strategy for their control. mixed stages of nematodes of both species ingested dsrna when incubated in a basic s ...201323201220
exploring grape marc as trove for new thermotolerant and inhibitor-tolerant saccharomyces cerevisiae strains for second-generation bioethanol production.robust yeasts with high inhibitor, temperature, and osmotic tolerance remain a crucial requirement for the sustainable production of lignocellulosic bioethanol. these stress factors are known to severely hinder culture growth and fermentation performance.201324286305
design and optimization of a process for sugarcane molasses fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae using response surface methodology.a statistical model was developed in this study to describe bioethanol production through a batch fermentation process of sugarcane molasses by locally isolated saccharomyces cerevisiae y-39. response surface methodology rsm based on central composite face centered design ccfd was employed to statistically evaluate and optimize the conditions for maximum bioethanol production and study the significance and interaction of incubation period, initial ph, incubation temperature, and molasses concent ...201324222769
solving ethanol production problems with genetically modified yeast strains.the current world demand for bioethanol is increasing as a consequence of low fossil fuel availability and a growing number of ethanol/gasoline flex-fuel cars. in addition, countries in several parts of the world have agreed to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and the use of ethanol as a fuel (which produces fewer pollutants than petroleum products) has been considered to be a good alternative to petroleum products. the ethanol that is produced in brazil from the first-generation process is opti ...201324516432
exploration of potential baker's yeast from sugarcane juice: optimization and evaluation.the present study was carried out to explore baker's yeasts strains from sugarcane juice to assess its potential in laboratory scale production of breads. collected juice samples were processed for isolation and identification of yeast strains based on standard cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics. among the six isolated strains, four (designated as s1, s2, s5 and s6) were identified as saccharomyces cerevisiae and the rests (designated s3 and s4) were as s. rouxii. when asses ...201324505984
an organic acid-tolerant haa1-overexpression mutant of an industrial bioethanol strain of saccharomyces cerevisiae and its application to the production of bioethanol from sugarcane molasses.bacterial contamination is known as a major cause of the reduction in ethanol yield during bioethanol production by saccharomyces cerevisiae. acetate is an effective agent for the prevention of bacterial contamination, but it negatively affects the fermentation ability of s. cerevisiae. we have proposed that the combined use of organic acids including acetate and lactate and yeast strains tolerant to organic acids may be effective for the elimination of principally lactic acid bacterial (lab) co ...201324373204
sugarcane vinasse: environmental implications of its use.the inadequate and indiscriminate disposal of sugarcane vinasse in soils and water bodies has received much attention since decades ago, due to environmental problems associated to this practice. vinasse is the final by-product of the biomass distillation, mainly for the production of ethanol, from sugar crops (beet and sugarcane), starch crops (corn, wheat, rice, and cassava), or cellulosic material (harvesting crop residues, sugarcane bagasse, and wood). because of the large quantities of vina ...201324084103
cellulase production from a new strain acremonium strictum isolated from the brazilian biome using different substrates.the objective of the present study was to evaluate the production of cellulolytic enzymes by acremonium strictum isolated from brazilian biome using different substrates. fermentations were initially carried out using commercial substrates, including microcrystalline cellulose (avicel® and servacel®) and carboxymethylcellulose (cmc). this was followed by fermentations performed using lignocellulosic biomass: sugarcane bagasse pretreated at different intensities. the fermentations were carried ou ...201323186655
a simple and effective set of pcr-based molecular markers for the monitoring of the saccharomyces cerevisiae cell population during bioethanol fermentation.one of the defining features of the fermentation process used in the production of bioethanol from sugarcane feedstock is the dynamic nature of the yeast population. minisatellite molecular markers are particularly useful for monitoring yeast communities because they produce polymorphic pcr products that typically display wide size variations. we compared the coding sequences derived from the genome of the sugarcane bioethanol strain jay270/pe-2 to those of the reference saccharomyces cerevisiae ...201323994268
physiology and gene expression profiles of dekkera bruxellensis in response to carbon and nitrogen availability.the assimilation of nitrate, a nitrogenous compound, was previously described as an important factor favoring dekkera bruxellensis in the competition with saccharomyces cerevisiae for the industrial sugarcane substrate. in this substrate, nitrogen sources are limited and diverse, and a recent report showed that amino acids enable d. bruxellensis to grow anaerobically. thus, understanding the regulation of nitrogen metabolism is one fundamental aspect to comprehend the competiveness of d. bruxell ...201323959165
conversion of c6 and c5 sugars in undetoxified wet exploded bagasse hydrolysates using scheffersomyces (pichia) stipitis cbs6054.sugarcane bagasse is a potential feedstock for cellulosic ethanol production, rich in both glucan and xylan. this stresses the importance of utilizing both c6 and c5 sugars for conversion into ethanol in order to improve the process economics. during processing of the hydrolysate degradation products such as acetate, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (hmf) and furfural are formed, which are known to inhibit microbial growth at higher concentrations. in the current study, conversion of both glucose and xyl ...201323895663
pseudozyma vetiver sp. nov., a novel anamorphic ustilaginomycetous yeast species isolated from the phylloplane in thailand.three strains representing one novel yeast species were isolated from the phylloplanes of the vetiver grasses (dmku-lv90 and dmku-lv99(t)) and sugarcane (dmku-sp260) collected in thailand by leaf washing followed by a plating technique. on the basis of morphological, biochemical, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics and the sequence analysis of the d1/d2 region of the large subunit (lsu) rrna gene and the internal transcribed spacer region (its), the three strains were found to repre ...201323877892
production of bioethanol from fermented sugars of sugarcane bagasse produced by lignocellulolytic enzymes of exiguobacterium sp. vsg-1.exiguobacterium sp. vsg-1 was isolated from the soil sample and characterized for the production of lignocellulolytic enzymes. production of these enzymes by the strain vsg-1 was carried out using steam-exploded sugarcane bagasse (scb) and found to secrete cellulase, pectinase, mannanase, xylanase, and tannase. the growth and enzyme production were found to be optimum at ph 9.0 and 37 °c. upon steam explosion of scb, the cellulose increased by 42 %, whereas hemicelluloses and lignin decreased by ...201323832861
rim15p-mediated regulation of sucrose utilization during molasses fermentation using saccharomyces cerevisiae strain pe-2.inherited loss-of-function mutations in the rim15p-mediated stress-response pathway contribute to the high fermentation rate of sake yeast strains. in the present study, we found that disruption of the rim15 gene in ethanol-producing saccharomyces cerevisiae strain pe-2 accelerated molasses fermentation through enhanced sucrose utilization following glucose starvation.201323757382
design and optimization of ethanol production from bagasse pith hydrolysate by a thermotolerant yeast kluyveromyces sp. iipe453 using response surface methodology.ethanol production from sugarcane bagasse pith hydrolysate by thermotolerant yeast kluyveromyces sp. iipe453 was analyzed using response surface methodology. variables such as substrate concentration, ph, fermentation time and na2hpo4 concentration were found to influence ethanol production significantly. in a batch fermentation, optimization of key process variables resulted in maximum ethanol concentration of 17.44 g/l which was 88% of the theoretical with specific productivity of 0.36 g/l/h.201323710425
wickerhamiella slavikovae sp. nov. and wickerhamiella goesii sp. nov., two yeast species isolated from natural substrates.two novel yeast species were isolated during three independent studies of yeasts associated with natural substrates in brazil and taiwan. analysis of the sequences of the d1/d2 domains of the large subunit rrna gene showed that these novel species belong to the wickerhamiella clade. the first was isolated from freshwater and a leaf of sugar cane (saccharum officinarum) in brazil and from leaves of wedelia biflora in taiwan. described here as wickerhamiella slavikovae sp. nov., it differs by 56 n ...201323710055
ultrasonic pretreatment and acid hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse for succinic acid production using actinobacillus succinogenes.immense interest has been devoted to the production of bulk chemicals from lignocellulose biomass. diluted sulfuric acid treatment is currently one of the main pretreatment methods. however, the low total sugar concentration obtained via such pretreatment limits industrial fermentation systems that use lignocellulosic hydrolysate. sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate is used as the carbon and nitrogen sources to achieve a green and economical production of succinic acid in this study. sug ...201323649828
detoxification of lignocellulosic hydrolysates using sodium borohydride.addition of sodium borohydride to a lignocellulose hydrolysate of norway spruce affected the fermentability when cellulosic ethanol was produced using saccharomyces cerevisiae. treatment of the hydrolysate with borohydride improved the ethanol yield on consumed sugar from 0.09 to 0.31 g/g, the balanced ethanol yield from 0.02 to 0.30 g/g, and the ethanol productivity from 0.05 to 0.57 g/(l×h). treatment of a sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate gave similar results, and the experiments indicate that so ...201323567704
in situ microscopy: a perspective for industrial bioethanol production monitoring.this work reviews the state-of-the-art in image-based in situ methods with regard to their potential use for fermentation of saccharomyces cerevisiae in sugarcane wine. the integration of real time information from fermentation tanks in the control strategies has high potential to promote better fermentative performance. while several image-based techniques for the measurement of cell concentration have been established, a reliable and consistent viability measurement still remains a challenging ...201323524154
the influence of nitrate on the physiology of the yeast dekkera bruxellensis grown under oxygen limitation.a previous study showed that the use of nitrate by dekkera bruxellensis might be an advantageous trait when ammonium is limited in sugarcane substrate for ethanol fermentation. the aim of the present work was to evaluate the influence of nitrate on the yeast physiology during cell growth in different carbon sources under oxygen limitation. if nitrate was the sole source of nitrogen, d. bruxellensis cells presented slower growth, diminished sugar consumption and growth-associated ethanol producti ...201323440690
repeated batch cell-immobilized system for the biotechnological production of xylitol as a renewable green sweetener.the present paper studies the biotechnological production of xylitol using sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate in a repeated batch fermentation system with immobilized cells of candida guilliermondii fti20037. immobilized cell system is considered as an attractive alternative to reuse the well-grown and adapted yeast cells in a new fresh fermentation media, without the need of the inoculum stage. in this work, seven repeated batches were performed in a fluidized bed bioreactor using immobilized cells ...201323397324
transcriptional profiling of brazilian saccharomyces cerevisiae strains selected for semi-continuous fermentation of sugarcane must.brazil played a pioneering role in the global establishment of the sugarcane bioethanol industry. the bioethanol fermentation process currently used in brazil is unique due to the acid wash and recycling of yeast cells. two, industrially adopted, wild yeast strains, cat-1 and pe-2, have become the most widely used in brazil. how these strains respond to the unique fermentation process is poorly understood. the improved performance of cat-1 and pe-2 is hypothesised to be related to enhanced stres ...201323360418
lime pretreatment and fermentation of enzymatically hydrolyzed sugarcane bagasse.sugarcane bagasse was subjected to lime (calcium hydroxide) pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis for second-generation ethanol production. a central composite factorial design was performed to determine the best combination of pretreatment time, temperature, and lime loading, as well as to evaluate the influence of enzymatic loadings on hydrolysis conversion. the influence of increasing solids loading in the pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis stages was also determined. the hydrolysate was f ...201323334836
ultra-structural mapping of sugarcane bagasse after oxalic acid fiber expansion (oafex) and ethanol production by candida shehatae and saccharomyces cerevisiae.diminishing supplies of fossil fuels and oil spills are rousing to explore the alternative sources of energy that can be produced from non-food/feed-based substrates. due to its abundance, sugarcane bagasse (sb) could be a model substrate for the second-generation biofuel cellulosic ethanol. however, the efficient bioconversion of sb remains a challenge for the commercial production of cellulosic ethanol. we hypothesized that oxalic-acid-mediated thermochemical pretreatment (oafex) would overcom ...201323324164
evaluation of novel xylose-fermenting yeast strains from brazilian forests for hemicellulosic ethanol production from sugarcane bagasse.bioconversion of hemicellulosic hydrolysates into ethanol with the desired yields plays a pivotal role for the overall success of biorefineries. this paper aims to evaluate the ethanol production potential of four native strains of scheffersomyces shehatae (syn. candida shehatae) viz. s. shehatae br6-2ai, cg8-8by, pt1-1basp and br6-2ay, isolated from brazilian forests. these strains were grown in commercial d-xylose-supplemented synthetic medium and sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate. s ...201328324336
rice bran extract: an inexpensive nitrogen source for the production of 2g ethanol from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate.selection of the raw material and its efficient utilization are the critical factors in economization of second generation (2g) ethanol production. fermentation of the released sugars into ethanol by a suitable ethanol producing microorganism using cheap media ingredients is the cornerstone of the overall process. this study evaluated the potential of rice bran extract (rbe) as a cheap nitrogen source for the production of 2g ethanol by scheffersomyces (pichia) stipitis nrrl y-7124 using sugarca ...201328324330
improvement of ethanol production by ethanol-tolerant saccharomyces cerevisiae uvnr56.ethanol tolerance is one of the important characteristics of ethanol-producing yeast. this study focused on the improvement of ethanol tolerance of saccharomyces cerevisiae nr1 for enhancing ethanol production by random uv-c mutagenesis. one ethanol-tolerant mutant, uvnr56, displayed a significantly improved ethanol tolerance in the presence of 15% (v/v) ethanol and showed a considerably higher viability during ethanol fermentation from sugarcane molasses and sugarcane molasses with initial etha ...201325674412
what do we know about the yeast strains from the brazilian fuel ethanol industry?the production of fuel ethanol from sugarcane-based raw materials in brazil is a successful example of a large-scale bioprocess that delivers an advanced biofuel at competitive prices and low environmental impact. two to three fed-batch fermentations per day, with acid treatment of the yeast cream between consecutive cycles, during 6-8 months of uninterrupted production in a nonaseptic environment are some of the features that make the brazilian process quite peculiar. along the past decades, so ...201323271669
use of different extracts of coffee pulp for the production of bioethanol.coffee is one of the most important agricultural products in brazil. more than 50 % of the coffee fruit is not used for the production of commercial green coffee and is therefore discarded, usually ending up in the environment. the goal of this work was to select an efficient process for obtaining coffee pulp extract and to evaluate the use of this extract in bioethanol production. the effects of heat treatment and trituration on the yield and composition of the extract were investigated by meas ...201323269634
yamadazyma siamensis sp. nov., yamadazyma phyllophila sp. nov. and yamadazyma paraphyllophila sp. nov., three novel yeast species isolated from phylloplane in thailand and taiwan.four strains representing three novel anamorphic yeast species were isolated from the external surface of sugarcane leaves (dmku-rk254(t)), corn leaves (dmku-rk548(t)), bean leaves (k129) in thailand and hengchun pencilwood leaves (trb1-1(t)) in taiwan. on the basis of morphological, biochemical, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, the sequence analysis of the d1/d2 region of the large subunit (lsu) rrna gene, the internal transcribed spacer (its) region, the actin gene (act1) and ...201323208204
increase in ethanol production from sugarcane bagasse based on combined pretreatments and fed-batch enzymatic hydrolysis.enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated sugarcane bagasse was performed to investigate the production of ethanol. the sugarcane bagasse was pretreated in a process combining steam explosion and alkaline delignification. the lignin content decreased to 83%. fed-batch enzymatic hydrolyses was initiated with 8% (w/v) solids loading, and 10 fpu/g cellulose. then, 1% solids were fed at 12, 24 or 48 h intervals. after 120 h, the hydrolysates were fermented with saccharomyces cerevisiae ufpeda 1238, and a f ...201323201527
an alkaline thermostable recombinant humicola grisea var. thermoidea cellobiohydrolase presents bifunctional (endo/exoglucanase) activity on cellulosic substrates.humicola grisea var. thermoidea is a deuteromycete which secretes a large spectrum of hydrolytic enzymes when grown on lignocellulosic residues. this study focused on the heterologous expression and recombinant enzyme analysis of the major secreted cellulase when the fungus is grown on sugarcane bagasse as the sole carbon source. cellobiohydrolase 1.2 (cbh 1.2) cdna was cloned in pichia pastoris under control of the aox1 promoter. recombinant protein (rcbh1.2) was efficiently produced and secret ...201323054694
molecular characterization of indian sugarcane streak mosaic virus isolate.sugarcane streak mosaic virus (scsmv), a member of the genus poacevirus, family potyviridae, is an important viral pathogen affecting sugarcane cultivation in india. the complete nucleotide sequence of a scsmv isolate from india (scsmv-ind) was determined. the linear, assembled, single-stranded positive-sense rna genome of scsmv-ind was 9,786 nucleotides in length (excluding the poly (a) tail) and encoded a polyprotein of 3,131 amino acid residues. the genome of scsmv-ind shared high degree of s ...201323011777
combined linkage and association mapping reveals candidates for scmv1, a major locus involved in resistance to sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) in maize.sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) disease causes substantial losses of grain yield and forage biomass in susceptible maize cultivars. maize resistance to scmv is associated with two dominant genes, scmv1 and scmv2, which are located on the short arm of chromosome 6 and near the centromere region of chromosome 3, respectively. we combined both linkage and association mapping to identify positional candidate genes for scmv1.201324134222
proteomic and phytohormone analysis of the response of maize (zea mays l.) seedlings to sugarcane mosaic virus.sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) is an important virus pathogen in crop production, causing serious losses in grain and forage yields in susceptible cultivars. control strategies have been developed, but only marginal successes have been achieved. for the efficient control of this virus, a better understanding of its interactions and associated resistance mechanisms at the molecular level is required.201323894637
comparative proteomic analysis of the plant-virus interaction in resistant and susceptible ecotypes of maize infected with sugarcane mosaic virus.sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) is an important viral pathogen and has caused serious losses in grain and forage yield. to identify candidate scmv resistance proteins and to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in the plant-scmv interaction, we conducted proteomic analyses of leaf samples from resistant and susceptible ecotypes of maize infected with scmv. proteins were analyzed by quantitative two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2d-dige), and 93 protein spots showed statistical ...201323770298
genetic diversity and population structure of sugarcane mosaic virus.sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) is one of the causal pathogens of mosaic diseases on sugarcane, maize, sorghum and some other graminaceous species with worldwide distribution. the global genetic diversity and molecular evolution of scmv capsid protein (cp) gene were investigated with the nucleotide sequences available in the genbank database. phylogenetic analyses revealed that scmv isolates clustered in relation to their original hosts, and geographically distinct isolates from maize or sugarcane ...201323116592
production and partial characterization of cellulases and xylanases from trichoderma atroviride 676 using lignocellulosic residual biomass.trichoderma atroviride 676 was studied to evaluate its efficiency in the production of some lignocellulolytic enzymes, using lignocellulosic residual biomass. best results were obtained when 3.0 % (w/v) untreated sugarcane bagasse was used (61.3 u ml(-1) for xylanase, 1.9 u ml(-1) for endoglucanase, 0.25 u ml(-1) for fpase, and 0.17 u ml(-1) for β-glucosidase) after 3-4 days fermentation. the maximal enzymatic activity for endoglucanase, fpase, and xylanase were observed at 50-60 °c and ph 4.0-5 ...201323306885
phenolic content, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of selected natural sweeteners available on the polish market.seventeen natural sweeteners available on the polish market were screened for total phenolic content, by the folin-ciocalteu method, and for antioxidant activity, using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (frap) assay and the 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical cation decolorization assay (abts(·+)). in addition, we analyzed antibacterial activities against staphylococcus aureus strains: both those susceptible and those resistant to methicillin (mrsa). the results of ...201324007486
a novel promising trichoderma harzianum strain for the production of a cellulolytic complex using sugarcane bagasse in natura.brazil is a major producer of agro-industrial residues, such as sugarcane bagasse, which could be used as raw material for microbial production of cellulases as an important strategy for the development of sustainable processes of second generation ethanol production. for this purpose, this work aimed at screening for glycosyl hydrolase activities of fungal strains isolated from the brazilian cerrado. among 13 isolates, a trichoderma harzianum strain (l04) was identified as a promising candidate ...201324349958
understanding the cellulolytic system of trichoderma harzianum p49p11 and enhancing saccharification of pretreated sugarcane bagasse by supplementation with pectinase and α-l-arabinofuranosidase.supplementation of cellulase cocktails with accessory enzymes can contribute to a higher hydrolytic capacity in releasing fermentable sugars from plant biomass. this study investigated which enzymes were complementary to the enzyme set of trichoderma harzianum in the degradation of sugarcane bagasse. specific activities of t. harzianum extract on different substrates were compared with the extracts of penicillium echinulatum and trichoderma reesei, and two commercial cellulase preparations. comp ...201323391738
experimental mixture design as a tool to enhance glycosyl hydrolases production by a new trichoderma harzianum p49p11 strain cultivated under controlled bioreactor submerged fermentation.this work investigates the glycosyl hydrolase (gh) profile of a new trichoderma harzianum strain cultivated under controlled bioreactor submerged fermentation. the influence of different medium components (delignified steam-exploded sugarcane bagasse, sucrose, and soybean flour) on gh biosynthesis was assessed using experimental mixture design (emd). additionally, the effect of increased component concentrations in culture media selected from the emd was studied. it was found that that a mixed c ...201323265822
blue native-page analysis of trichoderma harzianum secretome reveals cellulases and hemicellulases working as multienzymatic complexes.plant cell wall-degrading enzymes produced by microorganisms possess important biotechnological applications, including biofuel production. some anaerobic bacteria are able to produce multienzymatic complexes called cellulosomes while filamentous fungi normally secrete individual hydrolytic enzymes that act synergistically for polysaccharide degradation. here, we present evidence that the fungus trichoderma harzianum, cultivated in medium containing the agricultural residue sugarcane bagasse, is ...201222744980
rapid and simple dna extraction method for the detection of enterotoxigenic staphylococcus aureus directly from food samples: comparison of pcr and lamp methods.the study describes the development of simple and rapid dna extraction method in combination with loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) to detect enterotoxigenic staphylococcus aureus in food samples.201222519925
molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of sugarcane yellow leaf virus isolates from china.sugarcane yellow leaf virus (scylv) (genus polerovirus, family luteoviridae), the causal agent of sugarcane yellow leaf disease (yld), was first detected in china in 2006. to assess the distribution of scylv in the major sugarcane-growing chinese provinces, leaf samples from 22 sugarcane clones (saccharum spp. hybrid) showing yld symptoms were collected and analyzed for infection by the virus using reverse transcription pcr (rt-pcr), quantitative rt-pcr, and immunological assays. a complete geno ...201222752564
putative recombination signature and significance of insertion/deletion events in the rna-dependent rna polymerase coding region of sugarcane yellow leaf virus.the 5898 nucleotide single-strand rna genome of sugarcane yellow leaf virus (scylv) contains one long open reading frame, which is translated into a 120.6 kda polyprotein. the sequences of scylv isolates from the two scylv-susceptible cultivars from hawaii had a deletion of 48-51 nt in orf1. scylv from 12 sugarcane hybrid cultivars from different origins were tested by rt-pcr using a specific set of primers, to investigate the genome segment for this deletion. only three cultivars were found not ...201222542996
genetic variability and potential recombination events in the hc-pro gene of sugarcane streak mosaic virus.sugarcane streak mosaic virus (scsmv), a member of the family potyviridae, is an important viral pathogen affecting sugarcane production in india. the variability in the nucleotide (nt) and amino acid (aa) sequences of helper component proteinase (hc-pro) of scsmv isolates from india was investigated and compared with those of previously published virus isolates from different asian countries. comparison of all of the sequenced virus isolates revealed a high level of diversity in the hc-pro gene ...201222481599
genetic characterization and construction of an auxotrophic strain of saccharomyces cerevisiae jp1, a brazilian industrial yeast strain for bioethanol production.used for millennia to produce beverages and food, saccharomyces cerevisiae also became a workhorse in the production of biofuels, most notably bioethanol. yeast strains have acquired distinct characteristics that are the result of evolutionary adaptation to the stresses of industrial ethanol production. jp1 is a dominant industrial s. cerevisiae strain isolated from a sugarcane mill and is becoming increasingly popular for bioethanol production in brazil. in this work, we carried out the genetic ...201222892884
acid black 48 dye biosorption using saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilized with treated sugarcane bagasse.the textile industry consumes large quantities of water and chemicals, especially in dyeing and finishing processes. textile dye adsorption can be accomplished with natural or synthetic compounds. cell immobilization using biomaterials allows the reduction of toxicity and mechanical resistance and opens spaces within the matrix for cell growth. the use of natural materials, such as sugarcane bagasse, is promising due to the low costs involved. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the use ...201222864427
the consequences of lactobacillus vini and dekkera bruxellensis as contaminants of the sugarcane-based ethanol fermentation.this work describes the effects of the presence of the yeast dekkera bruxellensis and the bacterium lactobacillus vini on the industrial production of ethanol from sugarcane fermentation. both contaminants were quantified in industrial samples, and their presence was correlated to a decrease in ethanol concentration and accumulation of sugar. then, laboratory mixed-cell fermentations were carried out to evaluate the effects of these presumed contaminants on the viability of saccharomyces cerevis ...201222842986
identification of amino acids important for substrate specificity in sucrose transporters using gene shuffling.plant sucrose transporters (suts) are h(+)-coupled uptake transporters. type i and ii (suts) are phylogenetically related but have different substrate specificities. type i suts transport sucrose, maltose, and a wide range of natural and synthetic α- and β-glucosides. type ii suts are more selective for sucrose and maltose. here, we investigated the structural basis for this difference in substrate specificity. we used a novel gene shuffling method called synthetic template shuffling to introduc ...201222807445
metschnikowia saccharicola sp. nov. and metschnikowia lopburiensis sp. nov., two novel yeast species isolated from phylloplane in thailand.five strains representing two novel anamorphic yeast species were isolated from the external surface of sugarcane leaves (dmku-rk16, dmku-rk24, dmku-rk198 and dmku-rk500(t)) and rice leaf (dmku-rk277(t)) by an enrichment technique. on the basis of morphological, biochemical, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, the sequence analysis of the d1/d2 domain of the large subunit (lsu) rrna gene and the internal transcribed spacer region, the five strains were assigned to be two novel spec ...201222791018
study of sugarcane pieces as yeast supports for ethanol production from sugarcane juice and molasses using newly isolated yeast from toddy sap.a repeated batch fermentation system was used to produce ethanol using saccharomyces cerevisiae strain (ncim 3640) immobilized on sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) pieces. for comparison free cells were also used to produce ethanol by repeated batch fermentation. scanning electron microscopy evidently showed that cell immobilization resulted in firm adsorption of the yeast cells within subsurface cavities, capillary flow through the vessels of the vascular bundle structure, and attachment of ...201222783132
pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse with nh4oh-h2o2 and ionic liquid for efficient hydrolysis and bioethanol production.an efficient pretreatment method using nh(4)oh-h(2)o(2) and ionic liquid (il) was developed for the recovery of cellulose from sugarcane bagasse (scb). the regenerated scb from the combined pretreatment exhibited significantly enhanced enzymatic digestibility with an efficiency of 91.4% after 12h of hydrolysis, which was 64% higher than the efficiency observed for the regenerated scb after the individual nh(4)oh-h(2)o(2) pretreatment. 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([amim]cl) dissolved the ...201222728201
whole-genome sequencing of the efficient industrial fuel-ethanol fermentative saccharomyces cerevisiae strain cat-1.the saccharomyces cerevisiae strains widely used for industrial fuel-ethanol production have been developed by selection, but their underlying beneficial genetic polymorphisms remain unknown. here, we report the draft whole-genome sequence of the s. cerevisiae strain cat-1, which is a dominant fuel-ethanol fermentative strain from the sugarcane industry in brazil. our results indicate that strain cat-1 is a highly heterozygous diploid yeast strain, and the ~12-mb genome of cat-1, when compared w ...201222562254
characterization of laccase isoforms produced by pleurotus ostreatus in solid state fermentation of sugarcane bagasse.laccases are oxidative enzymes linked to biological degradation of lignin. the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of inducers and different concentrations of nitrogen on production level of total laccase activity and pattern of laccase isoforms, produced in solid state fermentation of sugarcane bagasse by a selected strain of pleurotus ostreatus. the addition of yeast extract 5 g/l, copper sulfate 150 μm and ferulic acid 2 mm provided highest enzymatic activity (167 u/g) and zymograms i ...201222487128
understanding physiological responses to pre-treatment inhibitors in ethanologenic fermentations.alcohol-based liquid fuels feature significantly in the political and social agendas of many countries, seeking energy sustainability. it is certain that ethanol will be the entry point for many sustainable processes. conventional ethanol production using maize- and sugarcane-based carbohydrates with saccharomyces cerevisiae is well established, while lignocellulose-based processes are receiving growing interest despite posing greater technical and scientific challenges. a significant challenge ...201222331581
stimulation of extracellular invertase production from spent yeast when sugarcane pressmud used as substrate through solid state fermentation.efforts were made to utilize the waste/by-product of two agro-process industries namely pressmud from sugar processing industries and spent yeast from distilleries manufacturing ethanol from cane molasses, for the production of microbial invertase. our experimentation indicated that these two sources could be ideally utilized for the production of invertase through solid substrate fermentation (ssf). ssf with spent yeast had given highest specific activity of 430 u/mg in 72 h of fermentation. in ...201223420549
metabolic engineering of saccharomyces cerevisiae for increased bioconversion of lignocellulose to ethanol.the absence of pentose-utilizing enzymes in saccharomyces cerevisiae is an obstacle for efficiently converting lignocellulosic materials to ethanol. in the present study, the genes coding xylose reductase (xyl1) and xylitol dehydrogenase (xyl2) from pichia stipitis were successfully engineered into s. cerevisae. as compared to the control transformant, engineering of xyl1 and xyl2 into yeasts significantly increased the microbial biomass (8.1 vs. 3.4 g/l), xylose consumption rate (0.15 vs. 0.02  ...201223997337
possible involvement of maize rop1 in the defence responses of plants to viral infection.the expression of host genes can be altered during the process of viral infection. to investigate the viral infection-induced up-regulated gene expression changes of maize at different time intervals post-inoculation with sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv), a suppression subtractive hybridization cdna library was constructed. a total of 454 cdna clones were identified to be viral infection-induced up-regulated genes. the influence of rop1 on the infection of maize by scmv was investigated. the result ...201222332840
genotypic and phenotypic diversity of pgpr fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from the rhizosphere of sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.).the genetic diversity of plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial (pgpr) fluorescent pseudomonads associated with the sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) rhizosphere was analyzed. selected isolates were screened for plant growthpromoting properties including production of indole acetic acid, phosphate solubilization, denitrification ability, and production of antifungal metabolites. furthermore, 16s rdna sequence analysis was performed to identify and differentiate these isolates. based on 16s rdn ...201222297215
genomic comparison of the endophyte herbaspirillum seropedicae smr1 and the phytopathogen herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans m1 by suppressive subtractive hybridization and partial genome sequencing.herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans m1 causes the mottled stripe disease in sugarcane cv. b-4362. inoculation of this cultivar with herbaspirillum seropedicae smr1 does not produce disease symptoms. a comparison of the genomic sequences of these closely related species may permit a better understanding of contrasting phenotype such as endophytic association and pathogenic life style. to achieve this goal, we constructed suppressive subtractive hybridization (ssh) libraries to identify dna fragments ...201222268687
lactobacillus reuteri crl 1101 highly produces mannitol from sugarcane molasses as carbon source.mannitol is a natural polyol extensively used in the food industry as low-calorie sugar being applicable for diabetic food products. we aimed to evaluate mannitol production by lactobacillus reuteri crl 1101 using sugarcane molasses as low-cost energy source. mannitol formation was studied in free-ph batch cultures using 3-10% (w/v) molasses concentrations at 37 °c and 30 °c under static and agitated conditions during 48 h. l. reuteri crl 1101 grew well in all assayed media and heterofermentativ ...201222350320
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in santa cruz, bolivia: outbreak investigation and antibody prevalence study.we report the results of an investigation of a small outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in 2002 in the department of santa cruz, bolivia, where the disease had not previously been reported. two cases were initially reported. the first case was a physician infected with laguna negra virus during a weekend visit to his ranch. four other persons living on the ranch were igm antibody-positive, two of whom were symptomatic for mild hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. the second case was a migrant s ...201223094116
identification and validation of reference genes to study the gene expression in gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus grown in different carbon sources using rt-qpcr.gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus strain pal5 is a nitrogen-fixing endophytic bacterium originally isolated from sugarcane and later on was found to colonize other plants such as rice, elephant grass, sweet potato, coffee, and pineapple. currently, g. diazotrophicus has been considered a plant growth-promoting bacterium due to its characteristics of biological nitrogen fixation, phytohormone secretion, solubilization of mineral nutrients and antagonism to phytopathogens. reverse transcription fol ...201222814372
identification of n-acyl homoserine lactones produced by gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus pal5 cultured in complex and synthetic media.the endophytic diazotrophic gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus pal5 was originally isolated from sugarcane (saccharum officinarum). the biological nitrogen fixation, phytohormones secretion, solubilization of mineral nutrients and phytopathogen antagonism allow its classification as a plant growth-promoting bacterium. the recent genomic sequence of pal5 unveiled the presence of a quorum sensing (qs) system. qs are regulatory mechanisms that, through the production of signal molecules or autoinduce ...201222350020
high-temperature ethanol fermentation by immobilized coculture of kluyveromyces marxianus and saccharomyces cerevisiae.suspended and immobilized cocultures of the thermotolerant yeast, kluyveromyces marxianus dmku 3-1042 and the mesophilic flocculent yeast, saccharomyces cerevisiae m30 were studied for their abilities to improve production and stability of ethanol fermentation. sugarcane juice and blackstrap molasses, at initial sugar concentrations of 220 g/l, were used as carbon sources. the results indicated that the coculture system could improve ethanol production from both sugarcane juice and blackstrap mo ...201222608995
the influence of presaccharification, fermentation temperature and yeast strain on ethanol production from sugarcane bagasse.ethanol can be produced from cellulosic biomass in a process known as simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf). the presence of yeast together with the cellulolytic enzyme complex reduces the accumulation of sugars within the reactor, increasing the ethanol yield and saccharification rate. this paper reports the isolation of saccharomyces cerevisiae lbm-1, a strain capable of growth at 42 °c. in addition, s. cerevisiae lbm-1 and kluyveromyces marxianus ufv-3 were able to ferment suga ...201222285296
expression and characterization of a gh39 β-xylosidase ii from caulobacter crescentus.in the present work, the gene xynb2, encoding a β-xylosidase ii of the glycoside hydrolase 39 (gh39) family, of caulobacter crescentus was cloned and successfully overexpressed in escherichia coli dh10b. the recombinant protein (ccxynb2) was purified using nickel-sepharose affinity chromatography, with a recovery yield of 75.5 %. ccxynb2 appeared as a single band of 60 kda on a sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel and was recognized by a specific polyclonal antiserum. the predicted ccxynb2 ...201223054825
metabolic engineering of klebsiella oxytoca m5a1 to produce optically pure d-lactate in mineral salts medium.klebsiella oxytoca strains were constructed to produce optical pure d-lactate by ph-controlled batch fermentation in mineral salts medium. the alcohol dehydrogenase gene, adhe, and the phospho-transacetylase/acetate kinase a genes, pta-acka, were deleted from the wild type. kms002 (δadhe) and kms004 (δadhe δpta-acka) exhibited d-lactate production as a primary pathway for the regeneration of nad(+). both strains produced 11-13 g/l of d-lactate in medium containing 2% (w/v) glucose with yields of ...201222728200
a novel dirigent protein gene with highly stem-specific expression from sugarcane, response to drought, salt and oxidative stresses.dirigent and dirigent-like family proteins contain a number of proteins involved in lignification or in the response to pathogen infection and abiotic stress in plants. in the present study, a full-length cdna sequence of a dirigent-like gene designated scdir (genbank accession number jq622282) was obtained from sugarcane based on the stem full-length cdna library. the scdir gene was 819-bp long, including a 564-bp orf encoding 187 amino acid residues. the protein n-terminus contained signal pep ...201222696141
reuteran and levan as carbohydrate sinks in transgenic sugarcane.the present study reports the effect of high molecular weight bacterial fructan (levan) and glucan (reuteran) on growth and carbohydrate partitioning in transgenic sugarcane plants. these biopolymers are products of bacterial glycosyltransferases, enzymes that catalyze the polymerization of glucose or fructose residues from sucrose. constructs, targeted to different subcellular compartments (cell wall and cytosol) and driven by the cauliflower mosaic virus-35s: maize-ubiquitin promoter, were int ...201222903192
diversity and physiological characterization of d-xylose-fermenting yeasts isolated from the brazilian amazonian forest.this study is the first to investigate the brazilian amazonian forest to identify new d-xylose-fermenting yeasts that might potentially be used in the production of ethanol from sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysates.201222912807
decolorization of a recalcitrant organic compound (melanoidin) by a novel thermotolerant yeast, candida tropicalis rg-9.sugarcane distilleries use molasses for ethanol production and generate large volume of effluent containing high biological oxygen demand (bod) and chemical oxygen demand (cod) along with melanoidin pigment. melanoidin is a recalcitrant compound that causes several toxic effects on living system, therefore, may be treated before disposal. the aim of this study was to isolate a potential thermotolerant melanoidin decolorizing yeast from natural resources, and optimized different physico-chemical ...201222708874
production and characterization of violacein by locally isolated chromobacterium violaceum grown in agricultural wastes.the present work highlighted the production of violacein by the locally isolated chromobacterium violaceum (genbank accession no. hm132057) in various agricultural waste materials (sugarcane bagasse, solid pineapple waste, molasses, brown sugar), as an alternative to the conventional rich medium. the highest yield for pigment production (0.82 g l⁻¹) was obtained using free cells when grown in 3 g of sugarcane bagasse supplemented with 10% (v/v) of l-tryptophan. a much lower yield (0.15 g l⁻¹) wa ...201222278051
beauveria brongniartii on white grubs attacking sugarcane in south africa.beauveria brongniartii (saccardo) petch fungal infections were observed on the melolonthid hypopholis sommeri burmeister (coleoptera: scarabaeidae) at two sites (harden heights and canema) in the sugarcane producing area of the northern kwazulu-natal midlands of south africa. to initially identify the disease-causing fungus, 17 different fluorescently-labelled microsatellite pcr primers were used to target 78 isolates of beauveria spp. dna. microsatellite data resolved two distinct clusters of b ...201222982079
biodegradation of s-triazine herbicide atrazine by enterobacter cloacae and burkholderia cepacia sp. from long-term treated sugarcane-cultivated soils in kenya.in this study soils from sugarcane-cultivated fields were screened for bacterial species capable of atrazine (6-chloro-n²-ethyl-n⁴-isopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine) degradation due to long exposure of the soils to this herbicide. to enrich for atrazine degraders, minimal salt medium containing atrazine as the sole n source and glucose as the c source was inoculated with soils impacted with this herbicide and incubated. bacterial growth was monitored by measuring optical density. the degradat ...201222575004
recovery of purified lactonic sophorolipids by spontaneous crystallization during the fermentation of sugarcane molasses with candida albicans o-13-1.numerous studies have focused on how to obtain high yield of sophorolipids using low-cost materials as substrates, and there has been various work on the experimental methods for purifying lactonic sophorolipids. these studies have not yet obtained satisfied results in combining a low-cost fermentation process and the purification of lactonic sophorolipids. this study establishes a fed-batch fermentation process of purifying sophorolipids from candida albicans o-13-1 using low-cost sugarcane mol ...201223040390
evaluation of corn hybrids expressing cry1f, cry1a.105, cry2ab2, cry34ab1/cry35ab1, and cry3bb1 against southern united states insect pests.studies were conducted across the southern united states to characterize the efficacy of multiple bacillus thuringiensis (bt) events in a field corn, zea mays l., hybrid for control of common lepidopteran and coleopteran pests. cry1f protein in event tc1507 and cry1a.105 + cry2ab2 proteins in event mon 89034 were evaluated against pests infesting corn on above-ground plant tissue including foliage, stalks, and ears. cry34ab1/cry35ab1 proteins in event das-59122-7 and cry3bb1 in event mon 88017 w ...201223156183
beneficial effects of bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis mori2, a honey-associated strain, on honeybee colony performance.a bacillus spp. strain isolated from a honey sample in morillos (salta, argentina) was phylogenetically characterized as b. subtilis subsp. subtilis mori2. the strain was administered to bee colonies as a monoculture in one litre of sugarcane syrup (125 g/l) at a final concentration of 10(5) spores/ml to evaluate the bee colony performance. the treated colony was monitored, and any changes were compared with the control hives. all conditions were identical (weather, nourishment and supervision), ...201226781735
relations between phenotypic changes of spores and biofilm production by bacillus atrophaeus atcc 9372 growing in solid-state fermentation.bacillus spp. spores are usually obtained from strains cultivated in artificial media. however, in natural habitats, spores are predominantly formed from bacteria present in highly surface-associated communities of cells. solid-state fermentation (ssf) is the culture method that best mimetizes the natural environment of many microorganisms that grow attached to the surface of solid particles. this study aims to confirm that sporulation through ssf of bacillus atrophaeus occurs by biofilm formati ...201222526268
single cell oil of oleaginous fungi from the tropical mangrove wetlands as a potential feedstock for biodiesel.single cell oils (scos) accumulated by oleaginous fungi have emerged as a potential alternative feedstock for biodiesel production. though fungi from mangrove ecosystem have been reported for production of several lignocellulolytic enzymes, they remain unexplored for their sco producing ability. thus, these oleaginous fungi from the mangrove ecosystem could be suitable candidates for production of scos from lignocellulosic biomass. the accumulation of lipids being species specific, strain select ...201222646719
production of cellulases from aspergillus niger ns-2 in solid state fermentation on agricultural and kitchen waste residues.various agricultural and kitchen waste residues were assessed for their ability to support the production of a complete cellulase system by aspergillus niger ns-2 in solid state fermentation. untreated as well as acid and base-pretreated substrates including corn cobs, carrot peelings, composite, grass, leaves, orange peelings, pineapple peelings, potato peelings, rice husk, sugarcane bagasse, saw dust, wheat bran, wheat straw, simply moistened with water, were found to be well suited for the or ...201222503148
sequential solid-state and submerged cultivation of aspergillus niger on sugarcane bagasse for the production of cellulase.sequential solid-state and submerged cultivation with sugarcane bagasse as substrate for cellulase production by aspergillus niger a12 was assessed by measuring endoglucanase activity. an unconventional pre-culture with an initial fungal growth phase under solid-state cultivation was followed by a transition to submerged fermentation by adding the liquid culture medium to the mycelium grown on solid substrate. for comparison, control experiments were conducted using conventional submerged cultiv ...201222409979
selection of thermophilic and thermotolerant fungi for the production of cellulases and xylanases under solid-state fermentation.twenty-seven thermophilic and thermotolerant fungal strains were isolated from soil, decaying organic matter and sugarcane piles based on their ability to grow at 45°c on medium containing corn straw and cardboard as carbon sources. these fungi were identified in the genera aspergillus, thermomyces, myceliophthora, thermomucor and candida. the majority of the isolated strains produced xylanase and cellulases under solid state fermentation (ssf). the highest cellulase and xylanase productions wer ...201224031929
production of thermophilic endo-β-1,4-xylanases by aspergillus fumigatus fbspe-05 using agro-industrial by-products.in the present paper, endo-β-1,4-xylanase production by aspergillus fumigatus was evaluated in solid-state fermentation using low-cost substrates such as sugarcane bagasse (scb), brewer's spent grain (bsg), and wheat bran (wb). the partial characterization of the crude enzyme was also performed. in the experimental conditions, the highest levels of endo-β-1,4-xylanase production by a. fumigatus fbspe-05 occurred within 8 days incubation when using scb/liquid medium at 1:2 ratio (219.5 u g(-1)) a ...201222328248
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