Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| nectarless flowers: ecological correlates and evolutionary stability. | in animal-pollinated flowers, the pollinators cannot detect the presence of nectar before entering flowers, and therefore flowers may cheat by not producing nectar. an earlier model suggested that a mixed strategy of producing nectarful and nectarless flowers would be evolutionarily stable. here we compare nectarless flowers as a cheating strategy with three competing hypotheses namely "visit-more-flowers", "cross-pollination enhancement" and "better contact". we collected field data on 28 speci ... | 2003 | 12838401 |
| the nerve growth factor and the neuroscience chess board. | 2003 | 12825319 | |
| [temperament and affective disorders--historical basis of current discussion]. | the history of the temperament concept begins in ancient greece. the humoral theory remained influential over the centuries. at the beginning of the 20 th century, both wilhelm wundt and his pupil emil kraepelin formulated new aspects. wundt described two dimensions: "speed of variability of emotions" and "intensity of emotions". kraepelin observed four fundamental states (depressive, manic, irritable and cyclothymic), which he linked to manic-depressive illness. since then different lines of te ... | 2003 | 12796852 |
| global gamesmanship. | competition among multinationals these days is likely to be a three-dimensional game of global chess: the moves an organization makes in one market are designed to achieve goals in another in ways that aren't immediately apparent to its rivals. the authors--all management professors-call this approach "competing under strategic interdependence," or csi. and where this interdependence exists, the complexity of the situation can quickly overwhelm ordinary analysis. indeed, most business strategist ... | 2003 | 12747163 |
| ecology: a liverwort cheat. | 2003 | 12712186 | |
| preference, specificity and cheating in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. | arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses are mutualistic interactions between fungi and most plants. there is considerable interest in this symbiosis because of the strong nutritional benefits conferred to plants and its influence on plant diversity. until recently, the symbiosis was assumed to be unspecific. however, two studies have now revealed that although it can be largely unspecific with the fungal community composition changing seasonally, in certain ecosystems it can also be highly specific and ... | 2003 | 12711222 |
| banner's end run must end. company plays chess with assets it inherited while communities pay the price. | 2003 | 12645467 | |
| comparison of assessments of children's eating-disordered behaviors by interview and questionnaire. | in adults, interview methods may detect eating-disordered behaviors more accurately than self-report methods. however, no studies have investigated the relationships between interview and self-report assessments in children. we compared results from the eating disorder examination adapted for children (chede) with the adolescent version of the questionnaire on eating and weight patterns (qewp-a) and with the children's eating attitude test (cheat) in a nontreatment sample of overweight and norma ... | 2003 | 12616588 |
| birth order and relationships : family, friends, and sexual partners. | previous studies (salmon 1999; salmon and daly 1998) have found that sex and birth order are strong predictors of familial sentiments. middleborns tend to be less family-oriented than firstborns or lastborns, while sex differences seem to focus on the utility of kin in certain domains. if this is a reflection of middleborns receiving a lesser degree of support from kin (particularly in terms of parental investment), are middleborns turning to reciprocal alliances outside the family, becoming fri ... | 2003 | 26189989 |
| common language or tower of babel? on the evolutionary dynamics of signals and their meanings. | we investigate how the evolution of communication strategies affects signal credibility when there is common interest as well as a conflict between communicating individuals. taking alarm calls as an example, we show that if the temptation to cheat is low, a single signal is used in the population. if the temptation increases cheaters will erode the credibility of a signal, and an honest mutant using a different signal ('a private code') will be very successful until this, in turn, is cracked by ... | 2003 | 12590773 |
| a functional mri study of high-level cognition. ii. the game of go. | go is a board game thought to be different from chess in many aspects, most significantly in that go emphasizes global strategy more than local battle, a property very difficult for computer programs to emulate. to investigate the neural basis of go, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) was used to measure brain activities of subjects engaged in playing go. enhanced activations were observed in many cortical areas, such as dorsal prefrontal, parietal, occipital, posterior temporal, and p ... | 2003 | 12589886 |
| a functional mri study of high-level cognition. i. the game of chess. | chess is a game that involves many aspects of high level cognition and requires sophisticated problem solving skills. however, there is little understanding of the neural basis of chess cognition. this study employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) to identify cortical areas that are active during the analysis of chess positions compared with a spatial task with matched visual stimuli. bilateral activation was revealed in the superior frontal lobes, the parietal lobes, and occipital ... | 2003 | 12589885 |
| the functional localization of neural networks using genetic algorithms. | we presented an algorithm for extracting boolean functions (propositions, rules) from the units in trained neural networks. the extracted boolean functions make the hidden units understandable. however, in some cases, the extracted boolean functions are complicated, and so are not understandable, which means that the hidden units are not functionally localized. this paper presents an algorithm for the functional localization of (the hidden units of) neural networks. when a hidden unit is well ap ... | 2003 | 12576106 |
| electronic support groups for breast carcinoma: a clinical trial of effectiveness. | a recent pew charitable trust study found that 52,000,000 individuals used the internet to obtain health/medical information. clinical trials of face-to-face breast carcinoma support groups show evidence of 1) improvement in quality of life, 2) reduction of psychologic symptoms, 3) improvement in coping responses, and 4) a reduction in pain. to the authors' knowledge, a few studies published to date have investigated internet-delivered electronic support groups (esgs) for cancer. the most sophis ... | 2003 | 12569591 |
| polymers in medicine; a game of chess. | 2003 | 12568778 | |
| the mds-chess scale: a new measure to predict mortality in institutionalized older people. | to develop a scale predicting mortality and other adverse outcomes associated with frailty. | 2003 | 12534853 |
| singing the praises of older people's nurses. | the royal college of nursing's 6th european older people conference, 'transformed through unity', was a great success. hosted on the 'english riviera', alongside such diverse attractions as a stamp exhibition, the torbay chess convention and 'puppetry of the penis', the conference was superbly organised, the venue welcoming and the weather predictably unpredictable. | 2003 | 27315874 |
| target centred medicine: why it is essential to cheat. | 2003 | 14630779 | |
| the role of constraints in expert memory. | a great deal of research has been devoted to developing process models of expert memory. however, k. j. vicente and j. h. wang (1998) proposed (a) that process theories do not provide an adequate account of expert recall in domains in which memory recall is a contrived task and (b) that a product theory, the constraint attunement hypothesis (cah), has received a significant amount of empirical support. we compared 1 process theory (the template theory; tt; f. gobet & h. a. simon, 1996c) with the ... | 2003 | 14622048 |
| adolescence and the diet-dieting disparity: healthy food choice or risky health behaviour? | food choice in schoolchildren was examined in relation to dieting and measures of eating psychopathology. it was predicted that dieters would make healthier food choices compared to non-dieters and that measures of eating psychopathology would be associated with food choice. | 2003 | 14614792 |
| selection of an adsorbent for lead removal from drinking water by a point-of-use treatment device. | the removal of lead from drinking water was investigated to develop a point-of-use water filter that could meet the regulation imposed by the new european directive 98-83 lowering lead concentration in drinking water below 10 microgl(-1). the objective of this research was to assess the potential of different adsorbents (zeolites, resins, activated carbon, manganese oxides, cellulose powder) to remove lead from tap water with a very short contact time. to begin, the repartition of the lead speci ... | 2003 | 14604636 |
| effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of maximum dose simvastatin and atorvastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia: results of the comparative hdl efficacy and safety study (chess). | previous studies have shown that effects on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c) may differ among statins. | 2003 | 14597936 |
| lie detection with contingent negative variation. | topographies of contingent negative variation (cnv) were recorded in a paradigm of delayed response with feedback for three kinds of faces: familiar, strange and target. subjects made responses to the faces according to whether the faces were familiar or not, but also, gave deliberately deceptive responses to target faces to 'cheat the computer'. subjects were told that the computer could judge whether they were being honest or not. for each trial of the experiment, if subjects cheated the compu ... | 2003 | 14585493 |
| climate, hydrochemistry and economics of surface-water systems (chess): adding a european dimension to the catchment modelling experience developed under lois. | one achievement of the uk land-ocean interaction study (lois) was to link dynamic biogeochemical models of different domains, e.g. rivers, estuaries and coastal waters, and to use the linked model to investigate possible changes from the current status that might occur in the future, for example as the result of climate change. the climate, hydrochemistry and economics of surface-water systems (chess) project has taken the lois methodology forward by exploring possible impacts of climate change ... | 2003 | 14499543 |
| [is cheating with automatic perimetry possible?]. | automatic perimetry examination requires the patient's cooperation, but the programs used check response validity. this study evaluated the possibility of patient cheating on this examination. | 2003 | 12910198 |
| cultural differences in use of an electronic discussion group. | this article describes how 121 women newly diagnosed with breast cancer used a computer mediated discussion group to cope with their diagnosis. these data are part of a larger data set from a randomized clinical trial assessing the impact of a computer-based system called chess (the comprehensive health enhancement support system) on health outcomes. the larger study found significant improvement in health outcomes for those in the experimental group (those receiving chess), especially for women ... | 2003 | 22113904 |
| introduction of the new analytical approaches to the doping control on the xiv winter olympic games. | in this paper we present introduction and development of some new analytical methods for identification of anabolic steroids, their metabolites and certain hormones, especially determination of exogenous testosterone by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. identification of central nervous stimulants and corticosteroides has been performed by high performance liquid chromatography. in desire to achieve better results, to increase strength and endurance, to sharpen reflexes and to reduc ... | 2003 | 16232150 |
| evaluation of two-dimensional l-cosy and jpress using a 3 t mri scanner: from phantoms to human brain in vivo. | localized versions of two-dimensional (2d) magnetic resonance spectroscopic (mrs) sequences, namely jpress and l-cosy, have been implemented on a whole-body 3t mri/mrs scanner. volume selection was achieved using three slice-selective radio-frequency (rf) pulses: 90 degrees-180 degrees-180 degrees in jpress and 90 degrees-180 degrees-90 degrees in l-cosy with a chess sequence prior to voxel localization for global water suppression. the last 180 degrees rf pulse was used for resolving the j-coup ... | 2003 | 14648883 |
| [childhood malaria in endemic areas: epidemiology, acquired immunity and control strategies]. | malaria is a major cause of childhood mortality and morbidity in endemic areas. the incidence and severity of malaria depends on various entomological, parasitological, environmental, and human factors. clinical presentation and epidemiologic features vary according to genetic factors, personal behavior, and immune status. populations exposed to frequent infection may develop partial labile protective malarial immunity at the price of high morbidity and mortality due to ineffectiveness of antima ... | 2003 | 14763300 |
| crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of a new class of glutathione transferase from nematodes. | mouse and heligmosomoides polygyrus constitute a readily manipulated small-animal laboratory model for investigating host-nematode interactions. two major forms of glutathione transferase (gst) are expressed in h. polygyrus adult worms following primary infection. one of these forms belongs to a new class of gst which has only been found in the nematode phylum and therefore presents a possible target for nematode control. in this study, crystals were obtained of a recombinant representative of t ... | 2003 | 12832779 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of the tumor metastasis factor p37. | p37, an outer-membrane bacterial protein from mycoplasma hyorhinis, is a molecule whose presence on the surface of many tumor cells correlates highly with increased neoplastic invasivity and metastasis. p37 was overexpressed in escherichia coli, purified by affinity chromatography and crystallized. useful single crystals for x-ray diffraction structural studies have been grown by oil-immersion methods from a solution of 40% peg 4000, 0.1 m ammonium bromide in a 0.1 m citrate buffer at ph 4.0. x- ... | 2002 | 12454480 |
| continuing progress in the chess game of aids treatment. | the sixth international congress on drug therapy in hiv infection was held november 17-21, 2002, in glasgow, scotland and the program included keynote lectures, plenary sessions, satellite symposia and poster sessions. more than 2,500 delegates, including physicians, community representatives researchers, members of the pharmaceutical industry and other health professionals, took part in the congress. highlights of the congress are discussed. (c) 2002 prous science. all rights reserved. | 2002 | 12677254 |
| quantum protocol for cheat-sensitive weak coin flipping. | we present a quantum protocol for the task of weak coin flipping. we find that, for one choice of parameters in the protocol, the maximum probability of a dishonest party winning the coin flip if the other party is honest is 1/sqrt[2]. we also show that if parties restrict themselves to strategies wherein they cannot be caught cheating, their maximum probability of winning can be even smaller. as such, the protocol offers additional security in the form of cheat sensitivity. | 2002 | 12485105 |
| do chess and go need 'g'? | 2002 | 12475701 | |
| counting channels: a tutorial guide on ion channel fluctuation analysis. | ion channels open and close in a stochastic fashion, following the laws of probability. however, distinct from tossing a coin or a die, the probability of finding the channel closed or open is not a fixed number but can be modified (i.e., we can cheat) by some external stimulus, such as the voltage. single-channel records can be obtained using the appropriate electrophysiological technique (e.g., patch clamp), and from these records the open probability and the channel conductance can be calcula ... | 2002 | 12444005 |
| chess: 10 years of research and development in consumer health informatics for broad populations, including the underserved. | this paper reviews the research and development around a consumer health informatics system chess (the comprehensive health enhancement support system) developed and tested by the center for health systems research and analysis at the university of wisconsin. the review places particular emphasis on what has been found with regard to the acceptance and use of such systems by high risk and underserved groups. | 2002 | 12414016 |
| too hot to handle? synchrotron x-ray damage of lipid membranes and mesophases. | the call for brighter synchrotron x-radiation sources for use in structural biology research is barely audible as we enter the new millennium. our brightest sources are already creating havoc when used at design specifications because of radiation damage. the time is long overdue to take stock of where we are and where we wish to go with regards to using existing sources and to designing new ones. the problem of radiation damage is particularly acute in studies involving kinetics and mechanisms ... | 2002 | 12409619 |
| biting cleaner fish use altruism to deceive image-scoring client reef fish. | humans are more likely to help those who they have observed helping others previously. individuals may thus benefit from being altruistic without direct reciprocity of recipients but due to gains in 'image' and associated indirect reciprocity. i suggest, however, that image-scoring individuals may be exploitable by cheaters if pay-offs vary between interactions. i illustrate this point with data on cleaner-client reef fish interactions. i show the following: (i) there is strong variation between ... | 2002 | 12396482 |
| cheat sheet contraceptives. | 2002 | 12389530 | |
| epiparasitic plants specialized on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. | over 400 non-photosynthetic species from 10 families of vascular plants obtain their carbon from fungi and are thus defined as myco-heterotrophs. many of these plants are epiparasitic on green plants from which they obtain carbon by 'cheating' shared mycorrhizal fungi. epiparasitic plants examined to date depend on ectomycorrhizal fungi for carbon transfer and exhibit exceptional specificity for these fungi, but for most myco-heterotrophs neither the identity of the fungi nor the sources of thei ... | 2002 | 12353033 |
| the role of attack and defense semantics in skilled players' memory for chess positions. | there is much evidence that chess skill is based on chunks in memory that represent parts of positions from previously encountered games. however, the content of these chunks is a matter for debate. according to one view, (1) the closer two pieces are to each other on a board (proximity), the more likely they are to be in the same chunk, and (2) skilled players encode the precise locations of pieces. an alternative view is that what information is encoded in a chess chunk is determined more by p ... | 2002 | 12219888 |
| crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of the ezrin ferm domain. | ezrin is a member of the erm (ezrin/radixin/moesin) family of proteins that cross-link the actin cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane and that also function, both upstream and downstream of the small g-protein rho, in signaling cascades that regulate the assembly of actin stress fibers. in this study, crystals were obtained of the amino-terminal 297 residues (referred to as ferm) of ezrin. the crystals of the ferm domain of ezrin belong to the monoclinic space group p2(1), with unit-cell paramete ... | 2002 | 12136155 |
| computational explorations of the influence of structured knowledge on age-related cognitive decline. | experience in a domain can sometimes offset cognitive declines that occur with aging. using a series of neural network simulations of learning chess opening positions, the authors investigated how structured knowledge in a distributed representation may influence age-related declines. aging manipulations implemented as modulations of neural noise showed increased knowledge as being protective of performance on a chess memory span task, whereas changes in neural plasticity and neural loss lead to ... | 2002 | 12061410 |
| increase in detrusor wall thickness indicates bladder outlet obstruction (boo) in men. | detrusor wall thickness decreases continuously while the bladder fills to 50% of its capacity and then remains constant until 100%. therefore, detrusor wall measurements were performed in patients when the bladder was filled to maximum capacity only. mean detrusor wall thickness for unobstructed (n = 14), equivocal (n=23) and obstructed patients (n=33) were 1.33, 1.62 and 2.4 mm, respectively (p <0.001). with increasing chess letters and chess numbers, the thickness of the detrusor wall increase ... | 2002 | 12022713 |
| a longitudinal study of the development of dieting among 7-17-year-old swedish girls. | to examine the extent to which the prevalence of self-reported dieting and the wish to be thinner changed in 7-15-year-old girls over a 3-year period, and to explore potential differences between cohorts recruited in 1995 and 1999. in addition, changes in eating attitudes (children's eating attitudes test [cheat]) were compared between 1995 and 1999. | 2002 | 11835295 |
| [evaluation of t(1)-weighted black blood imaging using triple inversion recovery]. | the black blood sequence, in which the blood signal is suppressed, fundamentally provides t(2)-weighted images. we developed a t(1)-weighted black blood sequence. this new sequence improved the triple ir sequence that uses three inversion pulses by continuously providing three inversion pulses. by so doing, the sequence lengthens the time from the third inversion pulse to data sampling. the new sequence sets the flip angle of the third inversion pulse to 95-110 degrees. consequently, the differe ... | 2002 | 12520219 |
| visuospatial abilities of chess players. | the extent to which the acquisition of expertise in knowledge-rich domains, such as chess, can be influenced by general individual characteristics, such as intelligence, has remained unclear. some previous studies with children have documented significant correlations between chess skill and performance on some psychometric tests, such as performance iq. however, we found no evidence for a correlation between chess skill and visual memory ability in a group of adult chess players (n = 36, age = ... | 2002 | 12519534 |
| perceptual automaticity in expert chess players: parallel encoding of chess relations. | a check detection task in a 5 x 5 section of the chessboard, containing a king and one or two potential checking pieces was employed. the checking status (i.e., the presence or absence of a check) and the number of attackers (one or two) were manipulated. it was found that the reaction time cost for adding a distractor was differentially greater in no trials than yes trials for novice, but not for expert, chess players. in addition, we contrasted standard check detection trials with trials in wh ... | 2001 | 11700901 |
| mate choice trade-offs and women's preference for physically attractive men. | researchers studying human sexuality have repeatedly concluded that men place more emphasis on the physical attractiveness of potential mates than women do, particularly in long-term sexual relationships. evolutionary theorists have suggested that this is the case because male mate value (the total value of the characteristics that an individual possesses in terms of the potential contribution to his or her mate's reproductive success) is better predicted by social status and economic resources, ... | 2001 | 26192277 |
| effect of computer support on younger women with breast cancer. | assess impact of a computer-based patient support system on quality of life in younger women with breast cancer, with particular emphasis on assisting the underserved. | 2001 | 11520380 |
| pattern of focal gamma-bursts in chess players. | 2001 | 11493907 | |
| the perceptual aspect of skilled performance in chess: evidence from eye movements. | expert and intermediate chess players attempted to choose the best move in five chess positions while their eye movements were monitored. experts were faster and more accurate than intermediates in choosing the best move. experts made fewer fixations per trial and greater amplitude saccades than did intermediates, but there was no difference in fixation duration across skill groups. examining the spatial distribution of the first five fixations for each position by skill group revealed that expe ... | 2001 | 11913751 |
| body image and dieting behavior in cystic fibrosis. | to examine the relationship between pulmonary function, nutritional status, body image, and eating attitudes in children with cystic fibrosis (cf) compared with healthy controls. | 2001 | 11389290 |
| illusory words created by repetition blindness: a technique for probing sublexical representations. | when two orthographically similar words are displayed using rapid serial visual presentation (rsvp), the repeated letters in the second critical word (w2) are not detected, leading to a deficit in reporting this word, a phenomenon known as repetition blindness (rb). the unrepeated letters in w2 do appear to be detected and available to feed activation to words compatible with them (morris & harris, 1999). when a fragment was strategically placed in the rsvp stream, as in grow throw ank, observer ... | 2001 | 11340856 |
| novice construction of chess memory. | novice acquisition of skilled recall of chess positions was studied in an experiment in which two novices studied a series of five hundred chess positions during a period of several months. they spent fifteen minutes to half an hour a day teaching themselves these positions. as a result their skill in recalling chess positions rose from sixteen percent to somewhere between forty to fifty percent. the learning curve proved to have a shape which indicates that in the beginning learning is very fas ... | 2001 | 11321637 |
| stabilization of isolated mixed-valence trimers in a novel nickel dithiolene complex with cf2 substituents. | the preparation of the novel paramagnetic nickel dithiolene complex ni(f2pdt)2-* (f2pdt2-: 2,2-difluoro-1,3-propanediyldithioethylene-1,2-dithiolate) and its x-ray crystal structure as n-bu4n+ salt are described. (n-bu4n)[ni(f2pdt)2] (2) crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group pna2(1) with a = 21.379(4) a, b = 8.9702(18) a, and c = 18.527(4) a. the radical anions are isolated from each other by the bulky n-bu4n+ cations and exhibit a curie-type magnetic behavior. two reversible redo ... | 2001 | 11304153 |
| visual span in expert chess players: evidence from eye movements. | the reported research extends classic findings that after briefly viewing structured, but not random, chess positions, chess masters reproduce these positions much more accurately than less-skilled players. using a combination of the gaze-contingent window paradigm and the change blindness flicker paradigm, we documented dramatically larger visual spans for experts while processing structured, but not random, chess positions. in addition, in a check-detection task, a minimized 3 x 3 chessboard c ... | 2001 | 11294228 |
| the psychology of social chess and the evolution of attribution mechanisms: explaining the fundamental attribution error. | theory of mind is the field devoted to understanding how organisms discern the mental states of others. because mental states are not directly observable, they can only be inferred from observable features of the actor (such as behavior) and the situational context that the actor is in. social psychologists, who study theory of mind processes under the rubric of attribution research, have shown that people often make a logical error of inference: the "fundamental attribution error" (fae) is the ... | 2001 | 11182572 |
| fast three-point dixon mr imaging using low-resolution images for phase correction: a comparison with chemical shift selective fat suppression for pediatric musculoskeletal imaging. | the purpose of this study is to describe and to implement a new fast three-point dixon mr imaging sequence with online image reconstruction, and to compare this sequence with conventional chemical shift selective (chess) suppression of fat in pediatric musculoskeletal imaging. | 2001 | 11641161 |
| chess: ten years of research and development in consumer health informatics for broad populations, including the underserved. | this paper reviews the research and development around a consumer health informatics system chess (the comprehensive health enhancement support system) developed and tested by the center for health systems research and analysis at the university of wisconsin. the review will place particular emphasis on what has been found with regard to the acceptance and use of such systems by high risk and underserved groups. | 2001 | 11604968 |
| low-power water suppression by hyperbolic secant pulses with controlled offsets and delays (washcode). | a class of chemical-shift-selective (chess) water suppression (ws) schemes is presented in which the characteristic frequency-domain excitation profiles of "adiabatic" full-passage (afp) rf pulses are utilized for frequency-selective excitation of the water resonance. in the proposed ws schemes, dubbed washcode, hyperbolic secant (hs) pulses were used as the afp pulses. besides the high immunity of ws efficiency toward b(1) inhomogeneity, these sequences also exhibit extraordinary insensitivity ... | 2001 | 11531376 |
| complex of rat transthyretin with tetraiodothyroacetic acid refined at 2.1 and 1.8 a resolution. | the crystal structure of rat transthyretin (rttr) complex with 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyroacetic acid (t4ac) was determined at 1.8 a resolution with low temperature synchrotron data collected at chess. the structure was refined to r = 0.207 and rfree = 0.24 with the use of 8-1.8 a data. the additional 8000 reflections from the incomplete 2.1-1.8 data shell, included in the refinement, reduced the rfree index by 1.3%. structure comparison with the model refined against the complete 8-2.1 a data reve ... | 2001 | 11995998 |
| reduced (1)h-nmr visibility of creatine in isolated rat hearts. | the aim of this study was to measure the concentration of creatine in langendorff perfused rat hearts, both by quantitative (1)h-mrs and by high-pressure liquid chromatography (hplc). first, the relaxation times and other parameters affecting absolute quantification by mrs were determined. at 11.75 t, the relaxation times of myocardial creatine were t(1) = 1.1+/-0.29 sec (mean +/- sd, n = 5) and t(2) = 56.4+/-6.2 ms (n = 9). in phantom experiments the mrs measurements gave accurate values for th ... | 2000 | 10748423 |
| critical notice. | "goodness of fit": clinical applications from infancy through adult life. by stella chess & alexander thomas. brunner/mazel, philadelphia, pa, 1999. pp. 229. pound24.95 (hb). chess and thomas's pioneering longitudinal studies of temperamental individuality started over 40 years ago (thomas et al., 1963). their publications soon became and remain classics. their concept of "goodness of fit" emerges out of this monumental work but has had a long gestation period. in their new book, the authors dis ... | 2000 | 11260833 |
| examples of real world engineering ethics problems. | nine examples are presented illustrating the kinds of problems encountered in actual practice by conscientious engineers. these cases are drawn fom the records of the ieee ethics committee, and from the experience of the ethics helpline initiated recently by the online ethics center for engineering and science. they range from situations in which companies try to cheat one another to those in which human health and safety are jeopardized. in one case, an engineer learned that even a quiet resign ... | 2000 | 11273465 |
| increased efficacy of zinc complexes with picolinic and aspartic acids against herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection when combined with the pavine alkaloid (-)-thalimonine. | complexes of zinc with picolinic and aspartic acids inhibit key steps of hsv-1 replication affecting different virus-specific targets. as was recently demonstrated by us, the pavine alkaloid (-)-thalimonine irreversibly inhibits hsv-1 infection in cultured cells. the aim of the present study was the evaluation of the combined effect of zinc complexes and (-)-thalimonine on uninfected and hsv-1 infected cells. the data obtained have shown that zinc complexes and the alkaloid exert decreased cytot ... | 2000 | 18475954 |
| some shortcomings of long-term working memory. | within the framework of their long term working memory theory, ericsson and kintsch (1995) propose that experts rapidly store information in long-term memory through two mechanisms: elaboration of long-term memory patterns and schemas and use of retrieval structures. they use chess players' memory as one of their most compelling sources of empirical evidence. in this paper, i show that evidence from chess memory, far from supporting their theory, limits its generality. evidence from other domain ... | 2000 | 11104178 |
| the relative contributions of recognition and search-evaluation processes to high-level chess performance: comment on gobet and simon. | 2000 | 11273426 | |
| assessment of eating behaviours and attitudes to eating, dieting and body image in pre-adolescent swedish girls: a one-year follow-up. | a 1-y follow-up of fifty 8-y-old swedish girls was performed to assess changes in eating attitudes and dieting behaviour. individual structured interviews using the children's eating attitudes test (cheat) and body image silhouettes were used. the question, "have you ever tried to lose weight?" was employed to discriminate dieters from non-dieters. dieting behaviours according to the cheat increased over the follow-up period. | 2000 | 10976846 |
| ori to study why cheaters cheat. | 2000 | 10973292 | |
| increased resolution data from a large unit cell crystal collected at a third-generation synchrotron x-ray source. | a third-generation synchrotron source was used to collect data from crystals with a very large unit cell. there was an increase in the effective resolution of the data from 5 to 3.5 a. data were collected on crystals of hk97 mature empty capsids, space group p2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 580, b = 625, c = 790 a, beta = 90.0 degrees. like other crystals with very large unit-cell dimensions, the intensity falls off rapidly as a function of resolution, with a precipitous drop beginning at 9 ... | 2000 | 10930835 |
| molecular computation: rna solutions to chess problems. | we have expanded the field of "dna computers" to rna and present a general approach for the solution of satisfiability problems. as an example, we consider a variant of the "knight problem," which asks generally what configurations of knights can one place on an n x n chess board such that no knight is attacking any other knight on the board. using specific ribonuclease digestion to manipulate strands of a 10-bit binary rna library, we developed a molecular algorithm and applied it to a 3 x 3 ch ... | 2000 | 10677471 |
| rapid mr imaging of cryoprotectant permeation in an engineered dermal replacement. | magnetic resonance (mr) imaging is a powerful technique for monitoring the permeation of cryoprotective agents (cpas) inside tissues. however, the techniques published until now suffer from inherently long imaging times, limiting the application of these techniques to slow diffusion processes and large cpa concentrations. in this study, we present a rapid mr imaging technique based on a chess-flash scheme combined with keyhole image acquisition. this technique can image the fast permeation of me ... | 2000 | 10679146 |
| clinical application of basing and spectral/spatial water and lipid suppression pulses for prostate cancer staging and localization by in vivo 3d 1h magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging. | in previous in situ point-resolved spectroscopy (press) three-dimensional (3d) 1h magnetic resonance (mr) spectroscopic imaging studies, it has been demonstrated that the ratio of prostatic metabolites can noninvasively discriminate prostate cancer from surrounding normal tissue. however, in these studies, conventional chemical shift selective suppression (chess) and short-time inversion recovery (stir) techniques often resulted in inadequate water and lipid suppression. to improve suppression a ... | 2000 | 10642727 |
| conformational analysis of the sd(a) determinant-containing tetrasaccharide and two mimics in aqueous solution by using 1h nmr roesy spectroscopy in combination with md simulations. | the conformational behaviour of the spacer-linked synthetic sd(a) tetrasaccharide beta-d-galpnac-(1-->4)-[alpha-neu5ac-(2-->3)]-beta-d-galp-(1-->4)- beta-d-glcpnac-(1-->o)(ch2)5nh2 (1) and the two mimics beta-d-galp-(1-->4)-[alpha-neu5ac-(2-->3)]-beta-d-galp-(1-->4)-bet a-d-glcpnac-(1-->o)(ch2)5nh2 (2) and beta-d-glcpnac-(1-->4)-[alpha-neu5ac-(2-->3)]-beta-d-galp-(1-->4)- beta-d-glcpnac-(1-->o)(ch2)5nh2 (3) were investigated by 1h nmr spectroscopy in combination with molecular dynamics (md) simu ... | 2000 | 10718613 |
| recall or evaluation of chess positions revisited: the relationship between memory and evaluation in chess skill. | we extend work by holding and reynolds (1982) on recall and problem solving with quasirandom chess positions. we tested 17 chess players on both quasirandom and structured chess positions. consistent with the earlier study, initial recall of quasirandom chess positions is unrelated to chess skill level, and quality of the move selected in subsequent problem solving is related to skill level. however, recall following problem solving is related to chess skill level. these results support the view ... | 1999 | 10696266 |
| chess games: a model for rna based computation. | here we develop the theory of rna computing and a method for solving the 'knight problem' as an instance of a satisfiability (sat) problem. using only biological molecules and enzymes as tools, we developed an algorithm for solving the knight problem (3 x 3 chess board) using a 10-bit combinatorial pool and sequential rnase h digestions. the results of preliminary experiments presented here reveal that the protocol recovers far more correct solutions than expected at random, but the persistence ... | 1999 | 10636028 |
| health informatics and community health: support for patients as collaborators in care. | health informatics has much to offer community health care. computer networks and telecommunications provide particular support that can enhance the collaboration among clinicians, care providers and patients. special-purpose computer tools referred to as consumer health informatics (chi) represent the application of computer and information technologies specifically to support the health information and communication needs of patients and lay persons. research projects like computerlink and che ... | 1999 | 10805012 |
| women's strategies to alleviate nutritional stress in a rural african society. | many agricultural populations are subject to chronic or seasonal undernutrition, reproductive women and children often being most vulnerable. this paper presents quantitative and qualitative data on food consumption, food distribution practices, food taboos, garden sizes and work effort to show how lese horticulturalist women living in the ituri forest of northeast democratic republic of congo attempt to alleviate nutritional stress. the lese experience an annual hunger season when approximately ... | 1999 | 10048774 |
| propagating distributions up directed acyclic graphs. | in a previous article, we considered game trees as graphical models. adopting an evaluation function that returned a probability distribution over values likely to be taken at a given position, we described how to build a model of uncertainty and use it for utility-directed growth of the search tree and for deciding on a move after search was completed. in some games, such as chess and othello, the same position can occur more than once, collapsing the game tree to a directed acyclic graph (dag) ... | 1999 | 9950730 |
| [comparative diagnostic value of methods of visual evoked potentials registration during the stimulation by reversible chess pattern and by flash in patients with demyelinating pathology]. | 1999 | 10533255 | |
| adolescent social anxiety as an outcome of inhibited temperament in childhood. | chess and thomas suggested that temperament might make a contribution to social phobia and other forms of extreme social anxiety. this study provides the first investigation of the outcomes in adolescents who had been inhibited (subdued to and avoidant of novelty) or uninhibited (approaching novelty) in the second year of life, utilizing both direct interview and direct observation. | 1999 | 10434493 |
| anthropometry, body composition and body image in dieting and non-dieting 8-16-year-old swedish girls. | anthropometry, body composition and body image were studied in 122 swedish 8-16-y-old girls and their parents. the subjects participated in a 3-y prospective longitudinal study and were selected randomly after stratification for grades from those scoring in the upper vs. the lower thirds of the children's eating attitudes test (cheat) score distribution. the cheat was completed 6 mo before the present study together with a demographic and dieting questionnaire and a questionnaire for the estimat ... | 1999 | 10426177 |
| injuries in commercial whitewater rafting. | to describe injuries sustained by participants in commercial whitewater rafting. | 1999 | 10336047 |
| problem eating attitudes and behaviors in young children. | the factor structure of the children's eating attitudes test (cheat) and the predictors of problem eating were examined in young boys and girls. | 1999 | 10191992 |
| [how does fetus cheat mother's t-cells?]. | 1999 | 11859507 | |
| covalent three-dimensional titanium(iv)-aryloxide networks. | ti((i)opr)(4) was treated with 2.58 equiv of hydroquinone in thf to yield a red-orange powder formulated as [ti(oc(6)h(4)o)(a)()(oc(6)h(4)oh)(3.34)(-)(1.83)(a)()(o(i)pr)(0.66)(-)(0.17)(a)() (thf)(0.2)](n)() (1, (0.91 </= a </= 1.82)) based upon d(2)o/dcl quenching studies. treatment of 1 with an excess of hydroquinone in et(2)o or dme afforded burgundy [ti(2)(&mgr;(1,4)-oc(6)h(4)o)(2)(&mgr;(1,4)-oc(6)h(4)oh)(2)(&mgr;-oc(6)h(4)oh)(2)](infinity) (2). burgundy [ti(2)(&mgr;(1,4)-oc(6)h(4)o)(2)(&mgr; ... | 1999 | 11671077 |
| impact of a patient-centered, computer-based health information/support system. | consumer health information systems potentially improve a patient's quality of life and activate patient self-care. | 1999 | 9894548 |
| naa-weighted imaging of the human brain using a conventional readout gradient. | an imaging sequence incorporating two complementary forms of water suppression was used in conjunction with conventional readout and phase-encoding gradients to acquire images of n-acetylaspartate (naa) in human brain. the sequence consisted of chess water suppression pulses followed by dual echo sequence to select the imaging volume and frequency-selective refocusing pulses with asymmetric crushers to further reduce the water signal. spectra and conventional spectroscopic images acquired with t ... | 1999 | 10025628 |
| crystallographic analysis of the dsdna bacteriophage hk97 mature empty capsid. | hk97 is a member of the siphovirus family of dsdna bacteriophages. it is similar in architecture to bacteriophage lambda, the type member of this family, with an icosahedral capsid of triangulation number t = 7. no high-resolution structural information is available for the dsdna phages, and hk97 is the only dsdna bacteriophage capsid to produce crystals which diffract x-rays. at 650 a in diameter, the large size of the particle and resultant large unit cell create crystallographic challenges. t ... | 1999 | 10089306 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray crystallographic analysis of the pseudomonas aeruginosa cyclohexadienyl dehydratase. | the title protein has been crystallized in a new crystal form. the crystals belong to the cubic space group p4132 (or p4332) with unit-cell dimensions a = b = c = 126.1 a at 100 k and typically diffract beyond 1.6 a at the cornell high energy synchotron source (chess) a1 beamline. | 1999 | 10089371 |
| classifications in psychiatry: a conceptual history. | historical accounts of psychiatric classifications have hitherto been written in terms of a 'received view'. this contains two assumptions, that: (i) the activity of classifying is inherent to the human mind; and (ii) psychiatric 'phenomena' are stable natural objects. | 1999 | 10336212 |
| off-resonance metabolite magnetization transfer measurements on rat brain in situ. | off-resonance metabolite magnetization transfer (mt) experiments were performed on rat brain in vivo and post mortem, with short (18 msec) and long (144 msec) echo-time 1h nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy. in vivo and post mortem, the methyl protons of total creatine and all protons from glutamate/glutamine showed a strong mt effect on off-resonance saturation, as well as the methyl protons from lactate post mortem. other resonances, like that of a-acetyl aspartate, showed a much sm ... | 1999 | 10371445 |
| the quality of interactive computer use among hiv-infected individuals. | this study examined how hiv-infected individuals used an interactive health software package called chess (comprehensive health enhancement support system). chess packages information and support in a variety of ways; the research examined how a subset of users whose posttest scores in a larger randomized trial showed significant improvement in quality of life compared on use patterns of chess with those who did not improve. the evidence presented here points to the nature of chess use more than ... | 1998 | 10947374 |
| melatonin for the masses. antiaging entrepreneurs peddle therapies that promise to cheat the clock. | the come-ons for a new wave of antiaging clinics may be over the top, but they speak to boomer anxieties about flagging energy levels and flabby midsections. and they just may be the next hot trend in health care. | 1998 | 9849506 |
| protein crystallography using a multilayer monochromator. | a multilayer monochromator was installed on a bending-magnet beamline at the cornell high energy synchrotron source (chess) and was used to provide an unfocused pseudo-monochromatic x-ray beam for protein crystallography experiments. datasets were collected from lysozyme at room temperature and human methylthioadenosine phosphorylase at 100 k. the wide energy bandpass of the multilayer allowed short exposure times, typically only a few times longer than on a focused multipole wiggler beamline. t ... | 1998 | 15263556 |
| consequences of hyper-aggressiveness in siamese fighting fish: cheaters seldom prospered | zahavi's handicap theory, formalized by grafen, suggests that 'cheaters' must be at a disadvantage if a communication system such as ritualized aggression is to evolve (grafen 1991, in: behavioural ecology: an evolutionary approach (ed. by j. r. krebs & n. b. davies), pp. 5-31. oxford: blackwell scientific). to determine whether cheating is disadvantageous in betta splendens, we held a series of live interactions, after inducing hyper-aggression by socially isolating and then briefly 'priming' t ... | 1998 | 9480675 |
| context-dependent behavior and the benefits of communal nesting. | we present a model for the behavior of communally nesting insects. females may forage for food to provision offspring or may remain in the nest, with the option of eating and replacing nest mates' eggs. orphaned brood are at risk of predation. the optimal behavior of solitary females is determined using stochastic dynamic programming; static and dynamic evolutionarily stable strategies (esss) are then calculated for colonies of various sizes. a solitary female should forage if her brood is small ... | 1998 | 18811389 |
| mass effects of quartz resonant sensors with different surface microstructures in liquids. | liquid trapped by the rough surface of a quartz resonator vibrating in thickness-shear mode (tsm) will act as a mass effect to the crystal. it has been proven that this mass effect not only depends on the liquid mass enclosed in the surface cavities, but also the liquid properties and the crystal surface features. based on a series of experiments, this paper introduces "trapping factor" to analyze the mechanism of the liquid mass effect. influences of different surface microstructures, including ... | 1998 | 18244280 |
| a new macromolecular oscillation camera at chess. | increasing x-ray flux and decreasing crystal size are two factors placing new demands on macromolecular diffraction cameras at synchrotrons. a new oscillation camera with high mechanical precision and fast rotation speed is described. | 1998 | 15263695 |