Publications

cloning, characterization and localization of chs gene from blood orange, citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck cv. ruby.	chalcone synthase (chs) is involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanin. in this study, a full-length dna of chs gene (named as cschs-bo) was cloned from the blood orange, citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck cv. ruby. the gene was 1,512 bp in size containing an open reading frame (1,176 bp) encoding 391 amino acids. comparative and bioinformatic analyses revealed that the deduced protein of cschs-bo was highly homologous to chs from other plant species. the protein of cschs-bo had four chs-specific conse ...	2009	19005777
proteomic analysis of somatic embryogenesis in valencia sweet orange (citrus sinensis osbeck).	two dimensional gel electrophoresis combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) was employed to study the somatic embryogenesis (se) in valencia sweet orange (citrus sinensis osbeck). twenty-four differentially expressed proteins were identified at five time points of citrus se (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after embryo initiation) covering globular, heart/torpedo and cotyledon-shaped embryo stages. the general expression patterns for these pr ...	2009	18989674
the phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity assessment of orange peel (citrus sinensis) cultivated in greece-crete indicates a new commercial source of hesperidin.	the flavonoid content of several methanolic extract fractions of navel orange peel (flavedo and albedo of citrus sinensis) cultivated in crete (greece) was first analysed phytochemically and then assessed for its antioxidant activity in vitro. the chemical structures of the constituents fractionated were originally determined by comparing their retention times and the obtained uv spectral data with the available bibliographic data and further verified by detailed lc-dad-ms (esi+) analysis. the m ...	2009	18823075
involvement of polyamine biosynthesis in somatic embryogenesis of valencia sweet orange (citrus sinensis) induced by glycerol.	culture of citrus sinensis embryogenic callus on the embryo-inducing medium (eim) containing glycerol gave rise to a large number of embryos, whereas very few embryos were observed on the callus growth medium (cgm). in the current paper, attempts were made to investigate whether polyamine biosynthesis was involved in glycerol-mediated somatic embryogenesis. quantification of free polyamines by high-performance liquid chromatography showed that the cultures on eim had less putrescine than those o ...	2009	18448195
desiccation and freezing tolerance of embryonic axes from citrus sinensis [l.] osb. pretreated with sucrose.	embryonic axes of citrus sinensis l. were successfully cryopreserved. while fully hydrated unfrozen axes germinated 100%, survival decreased as axes water content dropped, and total loss of viability was observed when the water content dropped to 0.04 and 0.10 mg h2o/mg dry mass, for axes without and with sucrose preculture, respectively. fully hydrated axes did not survive exposure to liquid nitrogen. highest seedling recovery (93-100%) for untreated axes was observed at 0.26 to 0.15 mg h2o/mg ...	2009	14566388
citrus biotechnology: achievements, limitations and future directions.	citrus is one of the most important commercial and nutritional fruit crops in the world, hence it needs to be improved to cater to the diverse needs of consumers and crop breeders. genetic manipulation through conventional techniques in this genus is invariably a difficult task for plant breeders as it poses various biological limitations comprising long juvenile period, high heterozygosity, sexual incompatibility, nucellar polyembryony and large plant size that greatly hinder cultivar improveme ...	2009	23572908
molecular and functional characterization of a novel chromoplast-specific lycopene beta-cyclase from citrus and its relation to lycopene accumulation.	carotenoids are the main pigments responsible of the colouration of citrus fruits. the beta-cyclization of lycopene, catalysed by the lycopene beta-cyclases (beta-lcy), seems to be a key regulatory step of the carotenoid pathway. in the present study, two beta-lcys from orange fruits (citrus sinensis), named csbeta-lcy1 and csbeta-lcy2 have been isolated and the activity of the encoded proteins was demonstrated by functional analysis. csbeta-lcy1 was expressed at low levels and remained relative ...	2009	19325166
chemical examination of citrus sinensis flavedo variety pineapple.	phytochemical examination of citrus sinensis flavedo var. pineapple resulted in the isolation of six compounds characterized as tetracosane, ethyl pentacosanoate, tetratriacontanoic acid, tangertin, beta-sitosteryl-beta-d-glucoside and 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxy flavanone 3-o-beta-glucoside. of these 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxy flavanone 3-o-beta-glucoside is a hitherto unreported compound.	2009	20376223
preliminary in vitro antisickilng properties of crude juice extracts of persia americana, citrus sinensis, carica papaya and ciklavit®.	the antisickling properties of crude juice extracts of the edible portions of three commonly consumed tropical fruits namely persia americana, citrus sinensis, and carica papaya were investigated in vitro alongside a new drug preparation called ciklavit® that has antisickling activity. four different solvent extracts of the crude juice of each fruit including aqueous, acidic, alkaline and alcoholic extracts were prepared and their antisickling effects on sickle cell trait (hbas) and sickle cell ...	2009	21304622
the antioxidant activity and polyphenolic contents of different plant seeds extracts.	different plant seeds extracts of citrus sinensis, hordeum sativum, triticum sativum, canna indica, citrullus vulgaris and capsicum annuum were evaluated for their antioxidant activity by the following methods: 2,2-diphenyl-1-pycril-hydrazyl (dpph) radical scavenging, reducing power, rbcs hemolysis and linoleic acid oxidation, a long with the determination of total phenolic and flavonoids contents. all the methanolic extracts showed high antioxidant activity and have high contents of phenolic an ...	2009	19943462
evaluation of larvicidal and nymphicidal potential of plant extracts against anopheles subpictus grassi, culex tritaeniorhynchus giles and aphis gossypii glover.	the acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane and methanol extracts of peel and leaf extracts of citrus sinensis, ocimum canum, ocimum sanctum and rhinacanthus nasutus were tested against fourth instar larvae of malaria vector, anopheles subpictus grassi, japanese encephalitis vector, culex tritaeniorhynchus giles (diptera: culicidae) and feeding deterrence to nymphs of cotton pest, aphis gossypii glover (homoptera: aphididae). the larval and nymph mortality were observed after 24 h of exposure ...	2009	19050919
host-pathogen-biocontrol agent interaction as affected by sequential application of na2co3 and cacl2.	among the alternatives to synthetic postharvest fungicides encouraging results have been reported with biocontrol agents, and on citrus fruits, their efficacy was improved when co-applied with gras compounds or with physical means. still, the reason for this increased efficacy has not been explained and therefore a study was performed using orange fruit (citrus sinensis osbec. cv 'washington navel') as host, p. digitatum as the pathogen, a yeast (pichia guiliermondii, isolate 5a) as the biocontr ...	2009	20222553
detection of huanglongbing (citrus greening) disease by nucleic acid spot hybridization.	polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification with primers specific to the rdna region successfully amplified the 1160-bp dna fragment from a huanglongbing (hlb)-infected sweet orange sample with mottling symptoms leaves, but not from healthy sweet orange plants. the pcr product of 1160-bp was used as probe labeled with biotin for detection of the hlb pathogen in the nucleic acid spot hybridization (nash) test. it was found that the hlb pathogen could be detected up to 1:100 dilution in hlb-infe ...	2009	19957441
in vitro inhibition of vancomycin-susceptible and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium and e. faecalis in the presence of citrus essential oils.	glycopeptide-resistant enterococcus (gre) is an important healthcare-acquired infection (hcai) which costs the healthcare service many millions of pounds worldwide. in this study, lemon (citrus limon), sweet orange (citrus sinensis) or bergamot (citrus bergamia) essential oils (eo) and their vapours, alone and in combination, are tested for their antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant and vancomycin-sensitive strains of e. faecium and e. faecalis. a blend of 1:1 (v/v) orange and ber ...	2009	20095125
[survey of sharpshooters (hemiptera: cicadellidae) associated with xylella fastidiosa transmission in citrus groves of the north coast of bahia state].	the causal agent of citrus variegated clorosis, xylella fastidiosa, is transmitted by leafhoppers of the subfamily cicadellinae, whose species vary regionally. the goal of this study was to identify potential vectors of this pathogen in citrus groves of bahia north coast, brazil. the survey was done from march/2002 to february/2003 in three seven- to nine-year-old sweet orange (citrus sinensis, pêra variety) groves located in rio real, ba. fifteen yellow sticky cards (8.5x11.5 cm) were installed ...	2009	20098930
[diversity of hemiptera auchenorrhyncha in citrus, coffee and a fragment of native forest of the state of são paulo].	the population of hemiptera auchenorrhyncha was studied in sweet citrus groves (citrus sinensis), coffee plantations (coffea arabica) and a semi-deciduous seasonal forest with shrub physiognomy in bebedouro, sp, to evaluate the influence of the natural ecosystem on the species composition of the agroecosystems. monitoring was carried out by using yellow stick cards, which were replaced every 15 days and all auchenorrhyncha collected were counted and identified. seven families, 11 subfamilies and ...	2009	20098931
ciprofloxacin-sensitive and ciprofloxacin-resistant campylobacter jejuni are equally susceptible to natural orange oil-based antimicrobials.	a total of 10 ciprofloxacin-sensitive (ciprofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentration, mic < 0.5 micro g/ml) and 10 ciprofloxacin-resistant (mic 16 to 32 micro g/ml) presumptive c. jejuni were further characterized and evaluated for their inhibition by natural orange oil fractions. partial species identification was performed by using a hippuricase gene-based polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay. one of the isolates appeared to be atypical and failed to hydrolyze hippurate. of the ciprofloxacin ...	2009	20183064
roles of olfactory cues, visual cues, and mating status in orientation of diaphorina citri kuwayama (hemiptera: psyllidae) to four different host plants.	diaphorina citri kuwayama (hemiptera: psyllidae) is an important worldwide pest of citrus that vectors bacteria (candidatus liberibacter spp.) responsible for huanglongbing (citrus greening disease). we examined the behavioral responses of mated and unmated d. citri of both sexes to odors from host plants in a y-tube olfactometer, with and without visual cues. the host plants tested were 'duncan' grapefruit (citrus paradisi macfayden), sour orange (citrus aurantium l.), navel orange (c. sinensis ...	2009	19791618
diversity of endophytic yeasts from sweet orange and their localization by scanning electron microscopy.	endophytes are microorganisms that colonize plant tissues internally without causing harm to the host. despite the increasing number of studies on sweet orange pathogens and endophytes, yeast has not been described as a sweet orange endophyte. in the present study, endophytic yeasts were isolated from sweet orange plants and identified by sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (its) rrna. plants sampled from four different sites in the state of são paulo, brazil exhibited different levels of ...	2009	19798655
effect of genotype and environment on citrus juice carotenoid content.	a selection of orange and mandarin varieties belonging to the same citrus accession and cultivated in mediterranean (corsica), subtropical (new caledonia), and tropical areas (principally tahiti) were studied to assess the effect of genotype and environmental conditions on citrus juice carotenoid content. juices from three sweet orange cultivars, that is, pera, sanguinelli, and valencia ( citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck), and two mandarin species ( citrus deliciosa ten and citrus clementina hort. ex ...	2009	19807162
functional characterization of citrus psy gene in hongkong kumquat (fortunella hindsii swingle).	citrus, rich in carotenoids, is the most important fruit crop based on the total annual production. in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway, phytoene synthase (psy, ec 2.5.1.32) catalyzes the dimerization of two molecules of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (ggpp) to phytoene and has been shown to be a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of carotenoids. in this study, we investigated catalytic activity of cspsy from cara cara navel orange (citrus sinensis osbeck) by heterologous expression in esch ...	2009	19813015
essential oils and anxiolytic aromatherapy.	a number of essential oils are currently in use as aromatherapy agents to relieve anxiety, stress, and depression. popular anxiolytic oils include lavender (lavandula angustifolia), rose (rosa damascena), orange (citrus sinensis), bergamot (citrus aurantium), lemon (citrus limon), sandalwood (santalum album), clary sage (salvia sclarea), roman chamomile (anthemis nobilis), and rose-scented geranium (pelargonium spp.). this review discusses the chemical constituents and cns effects of these aroma ...	2009	19831048
comparative transcripts profiling reveals new insight into molecular processes regulating lycopene accumulation in a sweet orange (citrus sinensis) red-flesh mutant.	interest in lycopene metabolism and regulation is growing rapidly because accumulative studies have suggested an important role for lycopene in human health promotion. however, little is known about the molecular processes regulating lycopene accumulation in fruits other than tomato so far.	2009	19922663
exposure to pesticides residues from consumption of italian blood oranges.	this paper reports the results of a 5-year study to evaluate pesticide levels, derived from orchard activities, on italy's most common orange cultivar (citrus sinensis, l. osbeck, cv. tarocco). using a bayesian approach, the study allowed both the qualitative (number) and quantitative distributions (amount) of pesticides to be determined with its own probability value. multi-residue analyses of 460 samples highlighted the presence of ethyl and methyl chlorpyrifos, dicofol, etofenprox, fenazaquin ...	2009	19680977
transmission of different isolates of spiroplasma citri to carrot and citrus by circulifer tenellus (hemiptera: cicadellidae).	carrot purple leaf disease was first reported in 2006 in the state of washington and was associated with spiroplasma citri. the disease also was reported in california in 2008. the objectives of this work were to fulfill koch's postulates and to determine 1) whether the beet leafhopper, circulifer tenellus (baker) (hemiptera: cicadellidae), transmits carrot [daucus carota l. subsp. sativus (hoffm.) arcang] isolates of s. citri; and 2) whether carrot and citrus [citrus sinensis (l.) osb.]-derived ...	2009	19736751
segregation of distinct variants from citrus tristeza virus isolate sy568 using aphid transmission.	a well-studied severe isolate of citrus tristeza virus (ctv) known as sy568 has previously been shown to contain multiple variants of the virus which differ in their genetic and biological characters. aphid transmission was used in an attempt to segregate some of these variants for further characterization. resulting infections gave symptoms which varied from asymptomatic to more severe than the inoculum source. rnase protection assays (rpas) were used to compare nine regions of the ctv genome a ...	2009	19740030
a comparison of citrus blossom volatiles.	the objective of this study was to identify the major volatiles and their relative concentrations in intact grapefruit, sweet orange, sour orange, mandarin, lemon, lime and pummelo blossoms. volatiles from freshly picked blossoms were collected and concentrated using static headspace solid-phase microextraction and then separated and identified using gc-ms. seventy volatiles were detected, 66 identified, of which 29 were identified for the first time in citrus blossoms. major volatiles consisted ...	2009	19747702
high-efficiency agrobacterium-mediated transformation of citrus via sonication and vacuum infiltration.	an improved method for the agrobacterium infiltration of epicotyl segments of 'pineapple' sweet orange [citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck] and 'swingle' citrumelo [citrus paradisi macf. x poncirus trifoliata (l.) raf.] was developed in order to increase transformation frequency. sonication-assisted agrobacterium-mediated transformation (saat), vacuum infiltration, and a combination of the two procedures were compared with conventional agrobacterium-mediated inoculation method ('dipping' method). it wa ...	2009	19048258
response of sweet orange (citrus sinensis) to 'candidatus liberibacter asiaticus' infection: microscopy and microarray analyses.	citrus greening or huanglongbing (hlb) is a devastating disease of citrus. hlb is associated with the phloem-limited fastidious prokaryotic alpha-proteobacterium 'candidatus liberibacter spp.' in this report, we used sweet orange (citrus sinensis) leaf tissue infected with 'ca. liberibacter asiaticus' and compared this with healthy controls. investigation of the host response was examined with citrus microarray hybridization based on 33,879 expressed sequence tag sequences from several citrus sp ...	2009	19055434
monodemethylated polymethoxyflavones from sweet orange (citrus sinensis) peel inhibit growth of human lung cancer cells by apoptosis.	polymethoxyflavones (pmfs) are almost exclusively found in the citrus genus, particularly in the peels of sweet orange (citrus sinensis l. osbeck) and mandarin (c. reticulate blanco). we studied the effects of two major pmfs, namely, nobiletin and 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone (hmf), and two major monodemethylated pmfs, namely 5-hydroxy-3,7,8,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone (5hpmf), and 5-hydroxy-3,6,7,8,3',4'-hexamethoxyflavone (5hhmf), on the growth of human lung cancer h1299, h441, and h460 c ...	2009	19065586
effect of citrus paradisi extract and juice on arterial pressure both in vitro and in vivo.	citrus paradisi (grapefruit) consumption is considered as beneficial and it is popularly used for the treatment of a vast array of diseases, including hypertension. in the present study, the coronary vasodilator and hypotensive effects of citrus paradisi peel extract were assessed in the langendorff isolated and perfused heart model and in the heart and lung dog preparation. in both models, citrus paradisi peel extract decreased coronary vascular resistance and mean arterial pressure when compar ...	2009	19153985
quantitative distribution of 'candidatus liberibacter asiaticus' in citrus plants with citrus huanglongbing.	citrus huanglongbing (hlb), or greening disease, is strongly associated with any of three nonculturable gram-negative bacteria belonging to 'candidatus liberibacter spp.' 'ca. liberibacter spp.' are transmitted by citrus psyllids to all commercial cultivars of citrus. the diseases can be lethal to citrus and have recently become widespread in both são paulo, brazil, and florida, united states, the locations of the largest citrus industries in the world. asiatic hlb, the form of the disease found ...	2009	19159305
nuclear magnetic resonance characterization of metabolite disorder in orange trees caused by citrus sudden death disease.	citrus sudden death (csd) is a new disease of sweet orange and mandarin trees grafted on rangpur lime and citrus volkameriana rootstocks. it was first seen in brazil in 1999, and has since been detected in more than four million trees. the csd causal agent is unknown and the current hypothesis involves a virus similar to citrus tristeza virus or a new virus named citrus sudden death-associated virus. csd symptoms include generalized foliar discoloration, defoliation and root death, and, in most ...	2009	19161352
a novel hybridization approach for detection of citrus viroids.	citrus plants are natural hosts of several viroid species all belonging to the family pospiviroidae. previous attempts to detect viroids from field-grown species and cultivars yielded erratic results unless analyses were performed using etrog citron a secondary bio-amplification host. to overcome the use of etrog citron a number of rt-pcr approaches have been proposed with different degrees of success. here we report the suitability of an easy to handle northern hybridization protocol for viroid ...	2009	19162174
the mechanism of action of a citrus oil blend against enterococcus faecium and enterococcus faecalis.	the aim was to explore the mechanisms by which a blend of orange (citrus sinensis) : bergamot (citrus bergamia) (1 : 1 v/v) eo (essential oil) (2% v/v) and its vapour (15 mg l(-1) air) brings about its antimicrobial effect against enterococcus faecium and enterococcus faecalis.	2009	19187138
effect of surface roughness on retention and removal of escherichia coli o157:h7 on surfaces of selected fruits.	this study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of surface roughness on the attachment and removal of escherichia coli o157:h7 on selected fruit and metal surfaces. a new method to determine surface roughness was developed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm). a series of 2-d layered images were taken by clsm optical slicing of the surfaces of golden delicious apples, navel oranges, avocadoes, and cantaloupes. the average roughness (r(a)) of the fruit surfaces was assessed by reconst ...	2009	19200095
discrimination between mild and severe citrus tristeza virus isolates with a rapid and highly specific real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method using taqman lna probes.	severe isolates of citrus tristeza virus (ctv) inducing seedling yellows (sy) and/or stem pitting (sp) in grapefruit or sweet orange are a major threat for the citrus industry worldwide. identification of these ctv variants was achieved by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using a general primer set and three taqman locked nucleic acids (lna) probes targeting sequences characteristic of severe, mild (non-sy, non-sp), and t36-like isolates. successful ...	2009	19203284
characterization of gibberellin 20-oxidases in the citrus hybrid carrizo citrange.	ccga20ox1 is a gene encoding a ga 20-oxidase, a gibberellin (ga) biosynthetic enzyme, previously isolated from the citrus hybrid carrizo citrange (citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck x poncirus trifoliata (l.) raf.). southern blot analysis of genomic dna of carrizo citrange with ccga20ox1 suggested the presence in the hybrid of another gene encoding another ga 20-oxidase. a cdna clone from this new gene (ccga20ox2) was isolated using rna from the other parent c. sinensis. ccga20ox2 encoded a protein of ...	2009	19203975
pharmacological exploration of the sedative mechanism of hesperidin identified as the active principle of citrus sinensis flowers.	the infusion of flowers of several species of citrus genera is used as a sedative to treat insomnia in mexican traditional medicine. the aims of this study were to investigate the sedative effect of different extracts of flowers of citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck (rutaceae) and describe the pharmacological action mechanism of the sedative active compounds of this plant. the methanol and dichloromethane extracts, obtained from the flowers of citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck (rutaceae), showed a dose-depen ...	2009	19219759
characterization of citrus sinensis type 1 mitochondrial alternative oxidase and expression analysis in biotic stress.	the higher plant mitochondrial electron transport chain contains an alternative pathway that ends with the aox (alternative oxidase). the aox proteins are encoded by a small gene family composed of two discrete gene subfamilies. aox1 is present in both monocot and eudicot plants, whereas aox2 is only present in eudicot plants. we isolated a genomic clone from citrus sinensis containing the aox1a gene. the orange aox1a consists of four exons interrupted by three introns and its promoter harbours ...	2009	19257856
isolation of xanthyletin, an inhibitor of ants' symbiotic fungus, by high-speed counter-current chromatography.	xanthyletin, an inhibitor of symbiotic fungus (leucoagaricus gongylophorus) of leaf-cutting ant (atta sexdens rubropilosa), as well as suberosin, seselin and xanthoxyletin were isolated from citrus sinensis grafted on citrus limonia. a two-phase solvent system composed of hexane/ethanol/acetonitrile/water (10:8:1:1, v/v) was used for the high-speed counter-current chromatographic isolation of xanthyletin with high yield and over 99% purity as determined by liquid and gas chromatography with mass ...	2009	19296958
in vitro antilisterial effects of citrus oil fractions in combination with organic acids.	the objectives of this study were to screen activity of citrus essential oil fractions (eos) alone and in combination with organic acids against 2 species of listeria. five citrus eos were initially screened by disc diffusion assay for antibacterial activity. cold pressed terpeneless valencia orange oil (cp terpeneless oil) had the strongest bacteriostatic (mic) and bactericidal (mbc) properties at 0.55% and 1.67%, respectively. four organic acids were tested for effectiveness against listeria. ...	2009	19323760
host range and genetic relatedness of colletotrichum acutatum isolates from fruit crops and leatherleaf fern in florida.	isolates of colletotrichum acutatum were collected from anthracnose-affected strawberry, leatherleaf fern, and key lime; ripe-rot-affected blueberry; and postbloom fruit drop (pfd)-affected sweet orange in florida. additional isolates from ripe-rot-affected blueberry were collected from georgia and north carolina and from anthracnose-affected leatherleaf fern in costa rica. pathogenicity tests on blueberry and strawberry fruit; foliage of key lime, leatherleaf fern, and strawberry; and citrus fl ...	2009	19351258
radical scavenging activity of orange and tangerine varieties cultivated in brazil.	four citrus fruit varieties cultivated in brazil (two kinds of sweet orange and two kinds of tangerine) were analyzed for physicochemical characteristics contents of total phenolics, total carotenoids and ascorbic acid, and antioxidant activities. the antioxidant activities of aqueous, methanolic, and acetone extracts of the citrus fruit juices were assessed on the basis of their ability to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph( )). the cravo tangerine has the highest content of citric ac ...	2009	19381992
citrus essential oils and four enantiomeric pinenes against culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae).	the aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of pinenes (enantiomers of alpha- and beta-) and essential oils from greek plants of the rutaceae family against the mosquito larvae of culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae). essential oils were isolated by hydrodistillation from fruit peel of orange (citrus sinensis l.), lemon (citrus limon l.), and bitter orange (citrus aurantium l.). the chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (gc/ms) analysis. citrus essentia ...	2009	19424721
sequencing and computational analysis of complete genome sequences of citrus yellow mosaic badna virus from acid lime and pummelo.	citrus yellow mosaic badna virus (cmbv), a member of the family caulimoviridae, genus badnavirus, is the causative agent of citrus mosaic disease in india. although the virus has been detected in several citrus species, only two full-length genomes, one each from sweet orange and rangpur lime, are available in publicly accessible databases. in order to obtain a better understanding of the genetic variability of the virus in other citrus mosaic-affected citrus species, we performed the cloning an ...	2009	19444599
construction and characterization of two citrus bac libraries and identification of clones containing the phytoene synthase gene.	two deep-coverage bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) libraries of citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck 'cara cara' navel orange and citrus reticulata (l.) blanco 'egan no. 1' ponkan mandarin, which belong to the two most important species of the citrus genus, have been constructed and characterized to facilitate gene cloning and to analyze variety-specific genome composition. the c. sinensis bac library consists of 36 000 clones with negligible false-positive clones and an estimated average insert siz ...	2009	19448728
pathotypes and genetic relationship of worldwide collections of elsinoë spp. causing scab diseases of citrus.	two scab diseases are recognized currently on citrus: citrus scab, caused by elsinoë fawcettii, and sweet orange scab, caused by e. australis. because the two species cannot be reliably distinguished by morphological or cultural characteristics, host range and molecular methods must be used to identify isolates. four pathotypes of e. fawcettii and two of e. australis have been described to date based on host range. the host specificity and genetic relationships among 76 isolates from argentina, ...	2009	19453232
enantiomeric composition of (3r)-(-)- and (3s)-(+)-linalool in various essential oils of indian origin by enantioselective capillary gas chromatography-flame ionization and mass spectrometry detection methods.	enantiomeric ratios of linalool have been determined in various authentic essential oils of indian origin using 10% heptakis(2,3-di-o-methyl-6-o-tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-beta-cyclodextrin as a chiral stationary phase. a complete enantiomeric excess (ee) for (3s)-(+)-linalool was characteristic of lippia alba and cinnamomum tamala leaf oils while less than 90% excess was noticed in zanthoxylum armatum leaf, zingiber roseum root/rhizome and citrus sinensis leaf oils. on the contrary, an enantiomer ...	2009	19476006
[biology of the citrus blackfloy, aleurocanthus woglumi ashby (hemiptera: aleyrodidae), in three host plants].	the citrus blackfloy, aleurocanthus woglumi ashby, was detected in brazil in 2001. the aim of this research was to evaluate the biology, biometry and host preference of a. woglumi in sweet orange, acid lime tahiti and mango. experiments were set in laboratory conditions with insects collected in rangpur lime plants in manaus, state of amazonas, from january to june of 2006. the following parameters were evaluated: number of spirals (ovopositions) and eggs per plant, number of eggs by spiral per ...	2009	19488516
campylobacter and arcobacter species sensitivity to commercial orange oil fractions.	seven orange oil fractions were screened for their ability to inhibit the growth of selected campylobacter and arcobacter spp. using the standard agar-disk diffusion assay. cold pressed (cp) terpeneless valencia orange oil was found to be the most inhibitory to both campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli, exhibiting maximum zones of inhibition up to 80+/-0.0 mm. five-fold concentrated valencia oil and distilled d-limonene resulted in campylobacter inhibition zones ranging from 11.0+/-1.4 to ...	2009	19070381
intraplantar injection of bergamot essential oil into the mouse hindpaw: effects on capsaicin-induced nociceptive behaviors.	despite the increasing use of aromatherapy oils, there have not been many studies exploring the biological activities of bergamot (citrus bergamia, risso) essential oil (beo). recently, we have investigated the effects of beo injected into the plantar surface of the hindpaw in the capsaicin test in mice. the intraplantar injection of capsaicin produced an intense and short-lived licking/biting response toward the injected hindpaw. the capsaicin-induced nociceptive response was reduced significan ...	2009	19607974
transcriptional analysis of the sweet orange interaction with the citrus canker pathogens xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri and xanthomonas axonopodis pv. aurantifolii.	xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (xac) and xanthomonas axonopodis pv. aurantifolii pathotype c (xaa) are responsible for citrus canker disease; however, while xac causes canker on all citrus varieties, xaa is restricted to mexican lime, and in sweet oranges it triggers a defence response. to gain insights into the differential pathogenicity exhibited by xac and xaa and to survey the early molecular events leading to canker development, a detailed transcriptional analysis of sweet orange plants i ...	2008	19018992
cellulase production by trichoderma longi, aspergillus niger and saccharomyces cerevisae cultured on waste materials from orange.	the wastes materials from the sweet orange (citrus sinensis) were used as substrate for the production of cellulase. the rind, the pericarp or albedo and the pulp were hydrolyzed by cellulolytic enzymes of trichoderma longibrachiatum, aspergillus niger and saccharomyces cerevisiae after they were treated with alkali and steam. the amount of glucose released from the substrates following the secretion of cellulase by the three microorganisms was measured. the orange wastes released amounts of glu ...	2008	19137846
the effect of pre spring spray to reduce of citrus important pests.	the importance of pre spring spray against citrus aphids, pulvinaria aurantii cockerell and panonychus citri mcgregor that are the most important pest of citrus during spring was tested. in this research, 150 trees ten years old sweet orange (thomson navel on citrus aurantium (root stocks)) in a citrus orchard approximately three hectares sampled. the experiment was laid out in a totally randomized (one-way) design replicated five times. according to the results, the pre spring spray do not effe ...	2008	19137868
comparison of bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of 13 essential oils against strains with varying sensitivity to antibiotics.	to compare the bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of 13 chemotyped essential oils (eo) on 65 bacteria with varying sensitivity to antibiotics.	2008	19552780
contents of phytosterols in vegetables and fruits commonly consumed in china.	to quantify five specific dietary phytosterols and phytostanols in vegetables and fruits commonly consumed in china.	2008	19263798
a phytoplasma closely related to the pigeon pea witches'-broom phytoplasma (16sr ix) is associated with citrus huanglongbing symptoms in the state of são paulo, brazil.	in february 2007, sweet orange trees with characteristic symptoms of huanglongbing (hlb) were encountered in a region of são paulo state (sps) hitherto free of hlb. these trees tested negative for the three liberibacter species associated with hlb. a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) product from symptomatic fruit columella dna amplifications with universal primers fd1/rp1 was cloned and sequenced. the corresponding agent was found to have highest 16s rdna sequence identity (99%) with the pigeon p ...	2008	18943735
postbloom fruit drop of citrus and key lime anthracnose are caused by distinct phylogenetic lineages of colletotrichum acutatum.	colletotrichum acutatum causes two diseases of citrus, postbloom fruit drop (pfd) and key lime anthracnose (kla). pfd is a disease restricted to flowers of sweet orange and most other citrus, and symptoms include petal necrosis, abscission of developing fruit, and the formation of persistent calyces. kla is a disease of foliage, flowers, and fruits of key lime only, and symptoms include necrotic lesions on leaves, fruits, twigs, flowers, and blight of entire shoots. the internal transcribed spac ...	2008	18944086
juice quality of two new mandarin-like hybrids (citrus clementina hort. ex tan x citrus sinensis l. osbeck) containing anthocyanins.	tacle and clara [monreal clementine (citrus clementina hort. ex tan) x tarocco orange (citrus sinensis l. osbeck)] are two new triploid citrus hybrids developed by the cra-istituto sperimentale per l'agrumicoltura (acireale, italy). the fruits are easy-peeling and juicy, have a pleasant taste like the tarocco orange, and are sweet like the monreal clementine. in addition, a distinctively attractive characteristic of these mandarin-like fruits is the red-pigmented flesh caused by the presence of ...	2008	18298061
evaluation of selection strategies alternative to nptii in genetic transformation of citrus.	the neomycin phosphotransferase (nptii) selection system has proved successful in citrus transformation; however, it may be recommendable to replace it given the pressure exerted against antibiotic-resistance selectable marker genes in transgenic plants. the present work investigates three different selection alternatives, comparing them to nptii selection in two citrus genotypes, carrizo citrange and pineapple sweet orange. the first method used the beta-glucuronidase (uida) reporter marker gen ...	2008	18317775
antioxidant enzymatic activity is linked to waterlogging stress tolerance in citrus.	soil flooding constitutes a seasonal factor that negatively affects plant performance and crop yields. in this work, the relationship between oxidative damage and flooding sensitivity was addressed in three citrus genotypes with different abilities to tolerate waterlogging. we examined leaf visible damage, oxidative damage in terms of malondialdehyde (mda) concentration, leaf proline concentration, leaf and root ascorbate and glutathione contents and the antioxidant enzyme activities superoxide ...	2008	18333999
distribution and quantification of candidatus liberibacter americanus, agent of huanglongbing disease of citrus in são paulo state, brasil, in leaves of an affected sweet orange tree as determined by pcr.	huanglongbing (hlb), an insect-transmitted disease of citrus, known for many years in asia and africa, has appeared in the state of são paulo state (ssp), brazil, in 2004, and the state of florida, usa, in 2005. hlb endangers the very existence of citrus, as trees infected with the bacterial pathogen, irrevocably decline. in the absence of curative procedures, control of hlb is difficult and only based on prevention. even though not available in culture, the hlb bacterium could be shown to be gr ...	2008	18400468
delay expression of limonoid udp-glucosyltransferase makes delayed bitterness in citrus.	genes encoding limonoid udp-glucosyltransferase from albedo of six citrus species with different levels of delayed bitterness are isolated and cloned in vector ptz57r/t. our results indicate that gene sequence of sweet lime (with intense juice delayed bitterness) have complete identity with satsuma mandarin (without distinctive juice delayed bitterness). also gene sequence of marsh seedless grapefruit, local orange and thompson navel orange (with mild juice delayed bitterness) have very similari ...	2008	18407832
antiperoxidative, antithyroidal, antihyperglycemic and cardioprotective role of citrus sinensis peel extract in male mice.	an extract of citrus sinensis (cs) peel was evaluated for its efficacy in ameliorating l-thyroxine (l-t(4)) induced tissue lipid peroxidation (lpo), hyperthyroidism and hyperglycemia in mice. in a preliminary investigation, of the three different doses of cs (12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg and 50.0 mg/kg) peel extract, 25 mg/kg was found to be the most effective and antiperoxidative, while 50 mg/kg was proved to be hepatotoxic. therefore in the pilot experiment the effects of 25 mg/kg/day of cs for 10 day ...	2008	18412146
spatial distribution of phyllocnistis citrella stainton (lepidoptera: gracillariidae) larvae in three scales.	the spatial distribution of larvae of phyllocnistis citrella stainton (lepidoptera: gracillariidae), the citrus leaf miner, in leaves, shoots, and tree crowns of montenegrina tangerine (citrus deliciosa tenore) and murcott tangor (citrus sinensis l. osbeck x citrus reticulata blanco) was determined. fortnightly samplings from july/2001 to june/2003, in orchards located in montenegro (29 degrees 68' s and 51 degrees 46' w), rs, brazil, were carried out. at each sampling occasion eighth shoots ran ...	2008	18470399
novel mechanism of modulating natural antioxidants in functional foods: involvement of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria nrrl b-30488.	the significance of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) mediated increase in antioxidant potential in vegetables is yet unknown. the plant growth-promoting bacterium bacillus lentimorbus nrrl b-30488 (b-30488) mediated induction of dietary antioxidant in vegetables ( trigonella foenum-graecum, lactuca sativa, spinacia oleracea, and daucus carota) and fruit ( citrus sinensis) after minimal processing (fresh, boiled, and frozen) was tested by estimating the total phenol content, level of a ...	2008	18491912
a comparison of four dna extraction methods for the detection of citrus yellow mosaic badna virus from two species of citrus using pcr and dot-blot hybridization.	nucleic acid preparations extracted using four procedures were assessed to determine the suitability of the procedure for pcr-based and dna dot-blot-based detection of citrus yellow mosaic badna virus (cmbv) from two citrus species, acid lime and pummelo. it was found that the success of pcr detection depended upon the procedure of dna extraction whereas the dot-blot detection was successful with all extraction methods examined. cmbv dna sequences amplified from two citrus species indicated high ...	2008	18582956
medicinal values of fruit peels from citrus sinensis, punica granatum, and musa paradisiaca with respect to alterations in tissue lipid peroxidation and serum concentration of glucose, insulin, and thyroid hormones.	peel extracts from citrus sinensis, punica granatum, and musa paradisiaca were investigated for their effects on tissue lipid peroxidation (lpo) and on the concentration of thyroid hormones, insulin, and glucose in male rats. in vitro inhibition of h(2)o(2)-induced lpo in red blood cells of rats by 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, and 2.0 microg/ml c. sinensis, p. granatum, and m. paradisiaca peel extracts was observed in a dose-specific manner. maximum inhibition was observed at 0.50 microg/ml c. sinensis, 2.0 ...	2008	18598183
in vitro evaluation of the effect of natural orange juices on dentin morphology.	the patient's diet has been considered an important etiological factor of dentin hypersensitivity. the frequent ingestion of acidic substances can promote the loss of dental structure or remove the smear layer. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of smear layer removal and dentinal tubules exposure by different natural orange juices. extracted human teeth were submitted to manual scaling in order to develop the smear layer. seventy dentin samples were obtained and distributed in ...	2008	18622489
chemical characterization of citrus sinensis grafted on c. limonia and the effect of some isolated compounds on the growth of xylella fastidiosa.	citrus sinensis grafted on c. limonia produces a considerable number of compounds that are not common in both plants developed from germination of seeds. the chemical profile of scion and rootstock differ notably for absence in the form of flavonoids and coumarins containing c5 prenyl groups attached to the carbon atoms of aromatic and heterocyclic systems or to oxygen. only linear pyranocoumarins xanthyletin and xanthoxyletin were found in scion. this observation indicates that the prenylated c ...	2008	18683948
gene expression analysis in citrus reveals the role of gibberellins on photosynthesis and stress.	the effect of gibberellins (ga) on internode transcriptome was investigated in transgenic carrizo citrange (citrus sinensis x poncirus trifoliata) plants overexpressing endogenous ccga20ox1 (encoding a ga biosynthetic gene), and in non-transformed explants treated with ga(3), using a citrus cdna microarray. substantial modulation of gene expression was found in sense ccga20ox plants. extensive up-regulation of genes involved in photosynthesis and carbon utilization, and down-regulation of those ...	2008	18684239
transmission efficiency of xylella fastidiosa by sharpshooters (hemiptera: cicadellidae) in coffee and citrus.	xylella fastidiosa (wells, raju, hung, weisburg, mandelco-paul, and brenner) is a bacterial pathogen transmitted by several sharpshooters in two tribes of cicadellinae (proconiini and cicadellini). here, we compared the transmission efficiency of x. fastidiosa in coffee (coffea arabica l.) and citrus [citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck] by cicadellini [bucephalogonia xanthophis (berg) and dilobopterus costalimai young] and proconiini [homalodisca ignorata melichar and oncometopia facialis (signoret)] s ...	2008	18767717
dispersion patterns and sampling plans for diaphorina citri (hemiptera: psyllidae) in citrus.	the abundance and spatial dispersion of diaphorina citri kuwayama (hemiptera: psyllidae) were studied in 34 grapefruit (citrus paradisi macfad.) and six sweet orange [citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck] orchards from march to august 2006 when the pest is more abundant in southern texas. although flush shoot infestation levels did not vary with host plant species, densities of d. citri eggs, nymphs, and adults were significantly higher on sweet orange than on grapefruit. d. citri immatures also were fou ...	2008	18767763
activity against drug resistant-tuberculosis strains of plants used in mexican traditional medicine to treat tuberculosis and other respiratory diseases.	tuberculosis (tb) kills about 3 million people per year worldwide. furthermore, tb is an infectious disease associated with hiv patients, and there is a rise in multidrug-resistant tb (mdr-tb) cases around the world. there is a need for new anti-tb agents. the study evaluated the antimycobacterial activity of nine plants used in mexican traditional medicine to treat tuberculosis and other respiratory diseases. nasturtium officinale showed the best activity (mic = 100 microg/ml) against the sensi ...	2008	17726732
characterization of the most odor-active volatiles of orange wine made from a turkish cv. kozan (citrus sinensis l. osbeck).	the aroma-active compounds of cv. turkish kozan orange wine were analyzed by sensory and instrumental analyses. liquid-liquid extraction with dichloromethane was used for extraction of volatile components. according to sensory analysis, the aromatic extract obtained by liquid-liquid extraction was representative of orange wine odor. a total of 63 compounds were identified and quantified in orange wine. the results of the gas chromatography-olfactometry analysis showed that 35 odorous compounds w ...	2008	18078317
boron deficiency decreases growth and photosynthesis, and increases starch and hexoses in leaves of citrus seedlings.	seedlings of sweet orange (citrus sinensis) were fertilized for 14 weeks with boron (b)-free or b-sufficient (2.5 or 10 microm h(3)bo(3)) nutrient solution every other day. boron deficiency resulted in an overall inhibition of plant growth, with a reduction in root, stem and leaf dry weight (dw). boron-starved leaves showed decreased co(2) assimilation and stomatal conductance, but increased intercellular co(2) concentrations. activities of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisc ...	2008	18191499
diversity and infectivity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in agricultural soils of the sichuan province of mainland china.	knowledge about the presence and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) in a specific area is an essential first step for utilizing these fungi in any application. the community composition of amf in intensively managed agricultural soil in the sichuan province of southwest china currently is unknown. in one set of samples, amf were trapped in pot cultures from 40 fields growing legumes in the panxi region, southeast sichuan. in a second set of samples, the mpn method with four-fold dil ...	2008	18224350
genetic transformation of sweet orange with the coat protein gene of citrus psorosis virus and evaluation of resistance against the virus.	citrus psorosis is a serious viral disease affecting citrus trees in many countries. its causal agent is citrus psorosis virus (cpsv), the type member of genus ophiovirus. cpsv infects most important citrus varieties, including oranges, mandarins and grapefruits, as well as hybrids and citrus relatives used as rootstocks. certification programs have not been sufficient to control the disease and no sources of natural resistance have been found. pathogen-derived resistance (pdr) can provide an ef ...	2008	17712560
faunistic analysis of sharpshooters (hemiptera: auchenorrhyncha, cicadellidae) in a 'westin' sweet orange orchard.	the purpose of this study was to analyze sharpshooter fauna in a five-year-old 'westin' sweet orange orchard. yellow sticky traps were placed on the edge of a forest, and on the periphery and inside the citrus stand. the traps were evaluated fortnightly, for three years. the most frequent species were acrogonia citrina marucci & cavichioli, bucephalogonia xanthophis (berg), and oncometopia facialis (signoret). b. xanthophis occurred more in the forest edge, especially on spring and winter. a. ci ...	2008	18813748
citrus viroid v: occurrence, host range, diagnosis, and identification of new variants.	the recently described citrus viroid v (cvd-v) has been proposed as a new species of the genus apscaviroid within the family pospiviroidae. analysis of 64 samples from different citrus-growing areas has shown that cvd-v is present in the united states, spain, nepal, and the sultanate of oman. cvd-v found in six sweet orange sources from the sultanate of oman was identical to the reference cvd-v variant, whereas three new variants with sequence identities of 98.6% (cvd-vca), 97.3% (cvd-vst), and ...	2008	18943408
proteomic analysis reveals suppression of bark chitinases and proteinase inhibitors in citrus plants affected by the citrus sudden death disease.	citrus sudden death (csd) is a disease of unknown etiology that greatly affects sweet oranges grafted on rangpur lime rootstock, the most important rootstock in brazilian citriculture. we performed a proteomic analysis to generate information related to this plant pathogen interaction. protein profiles from healthy, csd-affected and csd-tolerant stem barks, were generated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. the protein spots were well distributed over a pi range of 3.26 to 9.97 and a mole ...	2008	18943454
effects of citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck epicarp essential oil on growth and morphogenesis of aspergillus niger (l.) van tieghem.	essential oils from different plant parts are known for their antimicrobial activity but the antifungal effects of essential oil from citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck epicarp on growth and morphogenesis of aspergillus niger has not been observed so far. the mycelial growth was inhibited at 2.5 and 3.0 microg/ml of oil in potato dextrose broth and agar medium, respectively. these concentrations were fungicidal under the test conditions. the fungitoxicity of oil did not change even at exposure to 100 d ...	2008	16870411
preference and performance of phyllocnistis citrella stainton (lepidoptera: gracillariidae) on three citrus hosts: laboratory and field assessment.	the relationship between preference and performance is crucial to the ecology and evolution of plant-insect interactions. oviposition preference and offspring performance were evaluated for a citrus pest, the leafminer phyllocnistis citrella (lepidoptera: gracillariidae), on three of its host plants: lemon (citrus limon l. burm.), orange (citrus sinensis l. osbeck), and grapefruit (citrus paradisi macfadyen) in tucumán province (northwest argentina). choice and no-choice tests were performed in ...	2008	18801269
screening for antifeedant and larvicidal activity of plant extracts against helicoverpa armigera (hübner), sylepta derogata (f.) and anopheles stephensi (liston).	plant extracts, especially botanical insecticides, are currently studied more and more because of the possibility of their use in plant protection. biological activity of five solvent plant extracts were studied using fourth instar larvae of gram pod borer helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae), cotton leaf roller sylepta derogata (lepidoptera: pyralidae) and malaria vector anopheles stephensi (diptera: culicidae). antifeedant and larvicidal activity of acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ...	2008	18679716
changes in carotenoid content and biosynthetic gene expression in juice sacs of four orange varieties (citrus sinensis) differing in flesh fruit color.	the contribution of carotenoid composition to the color range of the fruit juice sacs of four orange varieties (citrus sinensis) differing in flesh color, namely, shamouti (normal orange color), sanguinelli ("blood cultivar" purple color), cara cara navel (pink-reddish), and huang pi chen (yellowish color), was investigated. to this end, qualitative and quantitative analyses of carotenoid contents were first performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) using a c30 column and a phot ...	2008	18433104
[use of morphological and physiological characters, and molecular markers to evaluate the genetic diversity of three clementine cultivars].	originating from a natural crossing between mandarin and sweet orange at the end of the 19(th) century, clementine diversified through the selection of spontaneous mutations. today, it seems almost impossible to distinguish one variety from another. the development of molecular tools for variety identification is thus necessary. three clementine cultivars, representing distinct groups of fruit maturity, were evaluated. identification criteria were searched at the phenotypical level (organoleptic ...	2008	18187117
csv03-3 is a member of a novel gene family from citrus that encodes a protein with dna binding activity and whose expression is responsive to defense signals and abiotic stress.	we have identified a novel gene designated csv03-3 from citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck that encodes a 50 amino acid polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 5.4kda and a pi of 3.7. csv03-3 expression is up-regulated by application of methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, and abscisic acid as well as by abiotic stress and insect herbivory. csv03-3 belongs to a small gene family consisting of at least three other closely related members (csv03-1, csv03-2, and csv03-4) whose expression is also respo ...	2008	17482713
cspldalpha1 and cspldgamma1 are differentially induced during leaf and fruit abscission and diurnally regulated in citrus sinensis.	understanding leaf and fruit abscission is essential in order to develop strategies for controlling the process in fruit crops. mechanisms involved in signalling leaf and fruit abscission upon induction by abscission agents were investigated in citrus sinensis cv. 'valencia'. previous studies have suggested a role for phospholipid signalling; hence, two phospholipase d cdna sequences, cspldalpha1 and cspldgamma1, were isolated and their role was examined. cspldalpha1 expression was reduced in le ...	2008	18799715
survival and development of immature stages of the mediterranean fruit fly (diptera: tephritidae) in citrus fruit.	we studied, under laboratory conditions, the performance of the mediterranean fruit fly, ceratitis capitata (wiedemann) (diptera: tephritidae), immature stages in intact whole fruit of three sweet orange varieties, lemon, and bitter oranges. both citrus variety and fruit part (flavedo, albedo, and pulp) had strong effects on larval performance, smaller effects on pupae, and no effects on eggs. fruit peel was the most critical parameter for larval development and survival, drastically affecting l ...	2008	18613588
characterization of aroma active compounds in fruit juice and peel oil of jinchen sweet orange fruit (citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck) by gc-ms and gc-o.	gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) and gas chromatography-olfactometry (gc-o) were used to determine the aromatic composition and aroma active compounds of fruit juice and peel oil of jinchen sweet orange fruit. totals of 49 and 32 compounds were identified in fruit juice and peel oil, respectively. gc-o was performed to study the aromatic profile of jinchen fruit juice and peel oil. a total of 41 components appeared to contribute to the aroma of fruit juice and peel oil. twelve compon ...	2008	18596659
effects of thermal treatments and storage on pectin methylesterase and peroxidase activity in freshly squeezed orange juice.	a specific indicator of freshness, allowing routine distinction between freshly squeezed orange juices (fsojs) and fsoj-like products, was to be identified. using the actijoule unit of a tubular heater at a flow rate of 60 l/h, fsojs from citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck cv. valencia late were continuously heated on a pilot plant scale at six different temperatures (42-92 degrees c), followed by continuous cooling to ambient temperature and subsequent filling into sterilized glass jars. the cloud sta ...	2008	18582085
[probability distribution of orthezia praelonga douglas (hemiptera: sternorrhyncha: ortheziidae) in citrus].	the probability distribution of the orthezia scale, orthezia praelonga douglas, was studied in plots of commercial orange orchards (citrus sinensis l., var. "pêra rio"), with 5, 9 and 15 years of age, during one year. the survey of presence or absence of the pest in the plants was carried through twenty samplings in the total area of each plot visually inspecting each plant. the dispersion indexes used were: variance/mean relationship (i), index of morisita (id), coefficient of green (cx) and k ...	2008	18575702
regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis during fruit maturation in the red-fleshed orange mutant cara cara.	cara cara is a spontaneous bud mutation of navel orange (citrus. sinensis l. osbeck) characterized by developing fruits with a pulp of bright red coloration due to the presence of lycopene. peel of mutant fruits is however orange and indistinguishable from its parental. to elucidate the basis of lycopene accumulation in cara cara, we analyzed carotenoid profile and expression of three isoprenoid and nine carotenoid genes in flavedo and pulp of cara cara and navel fruits throughout development an ...	2008	18538806
phellodendron and citrus extracts benefit cardiovascular health in osteoarthritis patients: a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study.	the objective of this clinical study was to assess the potential benefit of a dietary supplement, np 06-1, on cardiovascular protective properties in overweight and normal weight adults diagnosed with osteoarthritis of the knee.	2008	18492265
an evaluation of the basis and consequences of a stay-green mutation in the navel negra citrus mutant using transcriptomic and proteomic profiling and metabolite analysis.	a citrus sinensis spontaneous mutant, navel negra (nan), produces fruit with an abnormal brown-colored flavedo during ripening. analysis of pigment composition in the wild-type and nan flavedo suggested that typical ripening-related chlorophyll (chl) degradation, but not carotenoid biosynthesis, was impaired in the mutant, identifying nan as a type c stay-green mutant. nan exhibited normal expression of chl biosynthetic and catabolic genes and chlorophyllase activity but no accumulation of dephy ...	2008	18467459
hesperidin from citrus sinensis cultivated in dezful, iran.	this study described procedures for extracting and quantitation of hesperidin in the waste orange peel of dezful. two extracting procedure were used. in procedure a hesperidin was isolated from orange peel by extracting the dry peel first with petroleum ether, removing the essential oil and then with methanol. in procedure b alkaline extraction followed by acidification of the extract was used. it was purified by treatment with formamide-activated charcoal. detailed analysis of uv, ir, 1hnmr, 13 ...	2008	19137859
the effects of nitrogen and potassium nutrition on the growth of nonembryogenic and embryogenic tissue of sweet orange (citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck).	mineral nutrients are one of the most basic components of plant tissue culture media. nitrogen in the form of nh4+ and no3(-) is the dominant mineral nutrient in most plant tissue culture formulations, with effects dependent on both the proportion and the amount of nh4+ and no3(-). the effects of nitrogen nutrition on the growth of nonembryogenic and embryogenic cell lines of sweet orange (c. sinensis (l.) osbeck cv. 'valencia'), tissues routinely used in citrus horticultural and plant improveme ...	2008	19087252
[study on the solubilization of o/w microemulsion for volatile oil].	to study the solubilization of o/w microemulsion system for volatile oil.	2008	18831200
1h, 15n, and 13c chemical shift assignments of the navel orange worm pheromone-binding protein-1 (atra-pbp1).	a pheromone-binding protein from navel orange worm, amyelois transitella (atra-pbp1) binds to non-polar pheromone molecules and facilitates the transport and delivery of pheromone to the membrane-bound pheromone receptors. we report complete nmr chemical shift assignments of atra-pbp1 obtained at ph 4.5 and 25 degrees c (bmrb no. 15601).	2008	19636880