Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| lymphocyte activation by various mycoplasma strains and species. | the capacity of various mycoplasma strains and species to induce lymphocyte transformation in vitro was studied. of six strains of mycoplasma pulmonis studied, five displayed mitogenic activity with rat lymphocytes. among those m. pulmonis strains, our mp15 isolate and the negroni strain exhibited particularly potent mitogenic capacity. the murine mycoplasmas m. neurolyticum and m. arthritidis shared this mitogenicity for rat lymphocytes. however, the human mycoplasmas m. fermentans, m. pneumoni ... | 1977 | 562852 |
| growth of an enveloped mycoplasmavirus and establishment of a carrier state. | the growth of an enveloped dna-containing mycoplasmavirus (mvl2 obtained from r.n. gourlay) has studied, by using the indicator host acholeplasma laidlawii strain ja1. from virus one-step growth curves, artificial lysis experiments, and infected cell growth curves, it was found that virus infection is nonlytic. newly infected cells grow slower and are osmotically more stable than uninfected cells. however, 4 to 6 h after infection, the cells reach a carrier state in which cell growth rate and os ... | 1977 | 405508 |
| control of fatty acid composition of acholeplasma laidlawii membranes. | the temperature-dependent pattern of incorporation of palmitate and oleate from the growth medium into acholeplasma laidlawii membrane lipids correlates with the physical state of the membrane defined by calorimetry. both the pattern and the state can be changed at will by changing the fatty acid composition of the membrane lipids. the ratio of palmitate to oleate incorporated is independent of temperature when the membrane bilayer is below its transition and fully ordered, but becomes temperatu ... | 1977 | 851532 |
| [some biochemical properties of acholeplasma laidlawii mutants defective in glucose carrier]. | some membrane properties of glucose transport system of acholeplasma laidlawii mutants uncapable of uptaking glucose as well as those of its non-metabolizing analogue, 3-0-methylglucose are studied. in contrast to the wild strain the mutant ptl-s cells fail to uptake carbohydrates with the saturation. there is no competition between carbohydrates during transport in this mutant no sugar exit is observed, and the sensitivity of transport to thiol reagents and pronase b is considerably affected. a ... | 1977 | 851551 |
| [bovine mastitis caused by acholeplasms laidlawii]. | 1977 | 836266 | |
| acholeplasma laidlawii infection by group 3 mycoplasmavirus. | 1977 | 841870 | |
| localization of a phosphoglycolipid in mycoplasma membranes using specific anti-lipid-antibodies. | a phosphoglycolipid, presumably identical to glyceryl-phosphoryldiglycosyl diglyceride, is the main component of the membrane glycolipids of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. it is immunologically active. anti-phosphoglycolipid antibodies were induced in rabbits by intravenous injection of the flocculated complexes of methylated bovine serum albumin with a mixture of the phosphoglycolipid and the auxiliary lipids, phosphatidyl-choline and cholesterol. the specificities of the antibodies directed ... | 1977 | 337735 |
| [characterization of acholeplasma strains by horizontal polyacrylamide flat gel electrophoresis (author's transl)]. | proteins extracted with phenol-acetic acid-water (2:1:0.5, w/v/v) from acholeplasma laidlawii (pg 8), a. granularum (bts-39), a. oculi (19l), a. modicum (pg 49), a. axanthum (s743) and the acholeplasma strains c1 and c112 (which were isolated from aborted horse foetuses) were compared by electrophoresis in horizontal acidic polyacylamide flat gel using the electrophoresis equipment lkb multiphor 2117. in this system the gels are not prepared in the electrophoresis chamber but between glas plates ... | 1977 | 848216 |
| membrane lipid biosynthesis in acholeplasma laidlawii b. relationship between fatty acid structure and the positional distribution of esterified fatty acids in phospho- and glycolipids from growing cells. | 1977 | 900942 | |
| membrane lipid biosynthesis in acholeplasma laidlawii b. investigations into the in vivo regulation of the quantity and hydrocarbon chain lengths of de novo biosynthesized fatty aicds in response to exogenously supplied fatty acids. | 1977 | 900943 | |
| membrane lipid metabolism in acholeplasma laidlawii a during normal and temperature-shift-down conditions [proceedings]. | 1977 | 902894 | |
| [basic evidence for the active transport of carbohydrates in the membrane vesicles of acholeplasma laidlawii cells]. | a. laidlawii membrane vesicles are able to accumulate c14-glucose as well as maltose and fructose against the concentration gradient in the absence of exogeneous entergetic sources. sugar transport is inhibited by anaerobiosis and by the electron transfer inhibitors such as rotenone and amytal, and by proton conductors such as carbonylcyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone. arsenate and dicyclohexylcarbodimide (inhibitor of membrane-bound atpase) do not inhibit the sugar transport. it is concluded that ... | 1977 | 861265 |
| qualitative and quantitative variations of membrane lipid species in acholeplasma laidlawii a. | in acholeplasma laidlawii a, strain ef 22, the relative amounts of the membrane polar lipids vary as a consequence of different fatty acid supplements to the growth medium. the number of lipid species also varies; a new apolar monoglucolipid containing four fatty acid residues was present only when saturated fatty acids dominated in the growth medium. a new phosphoglucolipid, probably with a glycerophosphoryl-monoglucosyldiglyceride structure, was also found. the most pronounced variations occur ... | 1977 | 870042 |
| reduction in cellular tumorigenicity after mycoplasma infection and elimination of mycoplasma from infected cultures by passage in nude mice. | 1977 | 872095 | |
| a continuous spectrophotometric assay for membrane-bound lysophospholipases using a thioester substrate analog. | 1977 | 891946 | |
| a mycoplasma mutant resistant to lysis by c: variations in membrane composition and altered response to the terminal c complex. | 1977 | 894046 | |
| [serum proteins in preparations of mycoplasma cells]. | 1977 | 899444 | |
| microbiological assay of thiopeptin in broiler rations. | 1977 | 833096 | |
| host cell and ultraviolet reactivation of ultraviolet-irradiated mycoplasmaviruses. | the mycoplasma acholeplasma laidlawii was shown to have mechanisms for both host cell and ultraviolet (uv) reactivation of uv-irradiated mycoplasmaviruses. host cell reactivation was examined by comparing the survival abilities of uv-irradiated double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid mycoplasmavirus plated on both untreated and on acriflavine-treated cells. acriflavine treatment inhibited cell exision repair. decreased survival on the acriflavine-treated cells demonstrated host cell reactivation. ... | 1977 | 845120 |
| replication of mycoplasmavirus mvl51. iii. identification of a progeny viral dna-protein intermediate. | intracellular replication of the non-lytic single stranded circular dna mycoplasmavirus mvl51 has been shown to involve three dna intermediates: rfi, rfii and ssi. growth in eagle's basal medium, rather than richer tryptose medium, has allowed the identification of an intermediate between nascent progeny chromosomes (ssi) and mature virus. this intermediate is a protein associated form of ssi. | 1976 | 994855 |
| acholeplasma laidawii mutant defective in glucose transport system. | 1976 | 1001438 | |
| the influence of lipid state on the planar distribution of membrane proteins in acholeplasma laidlawii. | 1976 | 1003469 | |
| induction of interferon in ovine and human lymphocyte cultures by mycoplasmas. | mycoplasma pneumoniae, acholeplasma laidlawii, m. arthritidis, and m. pulmonis were shown to induce interferon in the lymphocyte fraction of ovine peripheral blood leukocytes, but not in the polymorphonuclear leukocyte fraction. human peripheral blood lymphocytes produced significant levels of interferon in response to infection with m. pneumoniae and m. synoviae. the antiviral substance induced by the mycoplasmas in human lymphocytes was characterized as interferon by the usual criteria. | 1976 | 985808 |
| experimental mycoplasma mastitis in mice. | thirteen strains of mycoplasma representing six different species, acholeplasma laidlawii, mycoplasma dispar, m. bovirhinis, m. bovigenitalium, m. agalactiae subsp. bovis, and m. mycoides subsp. mycoides, were inoculated into the mammary glands of mice, and the number of mycoplasmas present in the glands three days after inoculation was determined. the predominant response included involution of inoculated glands and a neutrophil infiltration. with the exception of m. dispar, the pathogenicity o ... | 1976 | 776833 |
| ultrastructural visualization of anionic sites on mycoplasma membranes by polycationic ferritin. | anionic sites on mycoplasma membranes were visualized in the electron microscope by a polycationized ferritin derivative. the technique of thin sectioning was used. staining prior to fixation led to clustering of ferritin granules on the mycoplasma cell surface. on glutaraldehyde-fixed mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri, m. gallisepticum, m. pneumoniae, and acholeplasma laidlawii, the anionic sites were uniformly distributed over the entire membrane surface. m. hominis did not bind the polycationi ... | 1976 | 776936 |
| characterization of an acholeplasma laidlawii variant with a rep- phenotype. | an acholeplasma laidlawii variant has been isolated that has a rep- phenotype. the properties of this variant, relative to parental cells, are: (i) it exhibits no change in cell growth kinetics; (ii) it does not propagate single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) mycoplasmaviruses but does propagate double-stranded dna mycoplasmaviruses; (iii) it converts parental circular single-stranded mycoplasmavirus dna to double-stranded replicative forms that are not replicated further; (iv) it exhibits ... | 1976 | 956119 |
| interaction between tetanolysin and mycoplasma cell membrane. | 1. a partially purified tetanolysin preparation lysed the sterol-requiring mycoplasma capricolum cells but had no effect on m. capricolum cells adapted to grow with no or very little cholesterol. the sterol-non-requiring acholeplasma laidlawii cells grown either in a cholesterol-rich or a cholesterol-poor medium were unaffected by the tetanolysin preparation. 2. the lysis of m. capricolum cells by the tetanolysin preparation was temperature dependent, inhibited by cholesterol, sublytic concentra ... | 1976 | 793633 |
| [isolation and characteristics of an acholeplasma laidlawii mutant with defective carbohydrate transport]. | 1976 | 976034 | |
| binding of plant lectins to mycoplasma cells and membranes. | the binding of iodinated wheat germ agglutinin, ricinus communis agglutinin, and concanavalin a to mycoplasma cells and membranes was examined. all mycoplasmas studied specifically bound concanavalin a or r. communis agglutinin and, to a lesser degree, wheat germ agglutinin. the binding of lectins to whole cells was similar to that recorded for membranes, suggesting that significant binding only occurred on the outer surface of the mycoplasma membrane. proteolysis of the membrane almost always ... | 1976 | 789327 |
| inactivation of mycoplasmas by use of phenol, formalin and beta-propiolactone. | 1976 | 819443 | |
| [the importance of mycoplasma in infectious processes (author's transl)]. | mycoplasma pneumoniae, the pathogen responsible for primary atypical pneumonia, has appeared more frequently in recent years. while t-mycoplasma and mycoplasma hominis are found in greater numbers both in nonspecific urethritis and also in the genital flora, t-mycoplasma may also cause the formation of vesical calculi in animal experiments. mycoplasma can also be cultured from joint fluids, tumors and from blood samples from parturient women immediately after the birth. | 1976 | 819817 |
| simple method for immunofluorescent identification of mycoplasma colonies. | general purpose rubber stoppers proved to be a simple, rapid, and satisfactory method of transferring mycoplasma colonies from agar to microscope slides for immunofluorescence. | 1976 | 770501 |
| phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance of acholeplasma laidlawii cell membranes and derived liposomes. | 1. the 129 mhz 31p-nmr spectrum of acholeplasma laidlawii membranes is very similar to the spectrum of the derived liposomes and is a typical "solid state" spectrum in which the major contribution to the linewidth is made by the chemical shift anisotropy. from the value of the chemical shift anisotropy an order parameter of 0.15 is estimated for the lipid phosphates in both membranes. 2. the 31p-nmr spectrum of the a. laidlawii membrane is insensitive to pronase digestion of 4-60% of the membran ... | 1976 | 174728 |
| action of polymyxin b on bacterial membranes: phosphatidylglycerol- and cardiolipin-induced susceptibility to polymyxin b in acholeplasma laidlawii b. | to identify the polymyxin receptor molecules in the membranes of living microorganisms, fusion of intact acholeplasma laidlawii b with lipid vesicles was investigated according to the procedure of grant and mcconnell (1973). the naturally polymyxin-resistant a. laidlawii b was treated with phospholipid vesicles prepared from purified phospholipids of the polymyxin-susceptible salmonella typhimurium g30. a. laidlawii b absorbed between 15 and 45% of its own lipid content of the added tritium-labe ... | 1976 | 176930 |
| the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide "oxidase" of acholeplasma laidlawii membranes. | an nadh dehydrogenase possessing a specific activity 3-5 times that of membrane-bound enzyme was obtained by extraction of acholeplasma laidlawii membranes with 9.0% ethanol at 43 degrees c. this dehydrogenase contained only trace amounts of iron (suggesting an uncoupled respiration), a flavin ratio of 1:2 fad to fmn and 30-40% lipid. its resistance to sedimentation is probably due to the high flotation density of the lipids. it efficiently utilized ferricyanide, menadione and dichlorophenol ind ... | 1976 | 177076 |
| thermotropic transitions in biomembranes. | 1976 | 182064 | |
| complement-mediated killing of acholeplasma laidlawii by antibodies to various membrane components. | mycoplasmas are useful models for biochemical studies of the mechanism of complement-mediated killing by antibodies to various membrane components. the purpose of this study was to determine the membrane antigens involved in immune killing of acholeplasma laidlawii. antibodies to a. laidlawii membrane total lipids, glycolipids, and phospholipids could be induced in rabbits after injection of reaggregates of the purified lipids with mycoplasma hominis protein as the carrier. killing of a. laidlaw ... | 1976 | 61175 |
| keratitis and acholeplasma laidlawi. | 1976 | 61420 | |
| properties of the 3-o-methyl-d-glucose transport system in acholeplasma laidlawii. | transport of 3-o-methyl-d-glucose (3-o-mg) by acholeplasma laidlawii cells was studied. the 3-o-mg transport system appeared to be constitutive in cells grown on 3-o-mg and glucose; the transport process depended on the concentration of substrate used and exhibited typical saturation kinetics, with an apparent km of 4.6 mum. 3-o-mg was transported as a free carbohydrate and was not metabolized further in the cell. dependence on ph and temperature and the results of efflux and "counterflow" exper ... | 1976 | 1368 |
| variation in distribution of membrane particles in acholeplasma laidlawii b with ph. | 1976 | 4629 | |
| surface balance study of the interaction between microorganisms and lipid monolayer at the air/water interface. | using the surface balance technique, we have compared the interaction between acholeplasma laidlawii and some marine bacteria towards different types of monolayered lipid films. cells from a. laidlawii and serratia marinorubra penetrate the film, whereas cells from psuedomonas fluorescens form a layer underneath the film. the forces that bind microorganisms to the air/water interface are not strong enough to scatter a condensed monolayer but increase the strength of loosely packed monolayers. | 1976 | 5058 |
| cultivation of mycoplasmas in a modified tissue culture medium. | a new medium, which contained a chemically defined tissue culture base ("medium 199"), was developed for the cultivation of mycoplasmas. when supplemented with albumin, glucose, serum, and yeast extract, the new medium adequately supported the growth of mycoplasma and acholeplasma species. | 1976 | 7199 |
| detection of serum proteins in the electrophoretic patterns of total proteins of mycoplasma cells. | the contamination of mycoplasma cell preparations by serum proteins originating from culture medium was studied. a. laidlawii and m. arthritidis cells were grown in the presence of 14c-aminoacids, and the cells were washed with 0-9% nac1 by threefold centrifugation. total proteins of the washed cells were analysed by sds gel electrophoresis. coomassie-stained electrophoretic patterns were compared with autoradiographs of the same gels. the stained electrophoretic pattern of washed a. laidlawii g ... | 1976 | 10333 |
| reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidase activity in membranes and cytoplasm of acholeplasma laidlawii and mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. | the properties of the membrane-bound reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nadh) oxidase of acholeplasma laidlawii were compared with those of the corresponding cytoplasmic activity of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. the striking differences in ph optima, susceptibility to inhibitors and detergents, and heat inactivation between the nadh oxidase activity, with oxygen as an electron acceptor, and the nadh oxidoreductase activity, with dichlorophenol indophenol (dcpip) as an alternate elect ... | 1976 | 11208 |
| microcalorimetric detection of growth of mycoplasmatales. | a static ampoule microcalorimeter was used to study the growth of mycoplasmas, acholeplasmas and ureaplasmas. growth as indicated by thermograms was compared with the results of conventional methods, namely, terminal dilution counts, plate counts, turbidimetric measurements, glucose consumption and ph changes. removal of oxygen had little effect on mycoplasma growth. the microcalorimetric method is potentially useful for identifying and enumerating the members of the mycoplasmatales. | 1976 | 11273 |
| replication of mycoplasmavirus mvl51. iv. inhibition of viral synthesis by rifampin. | the effect of rifampin on the replication of mvl51, a bullet-shaped mycoplasmavirus with single-stranded circular dna of molecular weight 2 x 10(6), has been examined in a rifampin-resistant host cell. rifampin does not block the early steps in mvl51 infection but does decrease the total amount of parental viral dna taken up. the single-stranded parental viral dna that enters the cell is found in membrane-associated, double-stranded dna replicative forms i and ii. rifampin had no significant eff ... | 1976 | 1271535 |
| [localization and possible development cycle of mycoplasmas and bacterial l-forms in cell cultures]. | using vital stain chlorazol-black e the authors studied the localization and behaviour of 5 mycoplasma species and the stable l-form of beta-hemolytic streptococcus of group a in various continuous cell lines. mycoplasmas and l-forms had a definite evolution cycle in the cells. at first they are arranged extracellularly and on the surface of the cells, and then intracellularly where they multiply intensively; later they are again localized on the surface of the cells and extracellularly. this cy ... | 1976 | 1276447 |
| serum lipoproteins as cholesterol donors to mycoplasma membranes. | 1976 | 1252244 | |
| [3-o-methl-d-glucose transport system in the cells of acholeplasma laidlawii]. | in cells of acholeplasma laidlawii a constitutive system of transport of glucose derivate 3-o-methyl-d-glucose was found. this derivate penetrated into cells, without modification and accumulated in free state. the transport system was of enzymatic nature and exhibited sharp substrate specificity. the transport of 3-o-methyl-d-glucose was an active process and occurred against the concentrated gradient. | 1976 | 1025884 |
| spread and control of mycoplasmal infection of cell cultures. | environmental sampling was performed during trypsinization and passage of 3t-6 cell cultures that contained a mean of 4.3 x 10(7) colony forming units (cfu) per ml supernatant of a. laidlawii. the lip of the culture flask and the outside of the used pipet were always heavily contaminated. the outside of the culture flask (3/7), the work surface (8/12) and the outside of a pan of disinfectant (4/5) were regularly contaminated with mycoplasmas. airborne mycoplasmas were detected eight of 32 times ... | 1976 | 1034618 |
| replication of mycoplasmavirus mvl51: attachment of mvl51 parental dna to host cell membrane. | the replication of the single-stranded circular dna of mvl51 mycoplasmavirus has been studied with respect to the roles of free and membrane-associated viral dna intermediates. replication involves the formation of parental replicative intermediate (rf) molecules on, at most, two to three membrane sites per cell, symmetric rf replication at the membrane and apparent asymmetric rf replication in the cytoplasm leading to single-stranded progeny chromosomes. | 1976 | 1064049 |
| topological features of membranes from staphylococcus aureus and acholeplasma laidlawii. | topological and ultrastructural features of membranes from walled and wall-less bacterial cells were compared by examining membranes from staphylococcus aureus and acholeplasma laidlawii. osmotic lysis of protoplasts of s. aureus or cells of a. laidlawii produced membrane vesicles or large membrane fragments, but alumina grinding or sonication of these protoplasts or cells produced much smaller particles whose morphologic origin was difficult to determine. disrupted membranes from either organis ... | 1976 | 1026851 |
| [lipid composition of acholeplasma laidlawii cells]. | lipid composition of the cells of acholeplasma laidlawii was studied by column and thin layer chromatography. lipids of the cells contain phospholipids (41.3%), glycolipids (28%) and neutral lipids. phospholipids are represented by monoacylglycerophosphoryldiglucosyldiglyceride, glycerophosphoryldiglucosyldiglyceride, phosphatidylglycerine and phosphatidic acid. glycolipids contained diglucosyldiglyceride and monoglucosyldiglyceride. the content of cholesterine was low (1.3%) while the content o ... | 1976 | 1004257 |
| purification of the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase from membranes of acholeplasma laidlawii. | the ethanol-extracted respiratory chain-linked nadh dehydrogenase of acholeplasma laidlawii has been purified 25-35-fold. this purification involved delipidation of the ethanol-extracted minute non-sedimentable membrane fragments by detergent treatment and gel filtration on bio-gel p-200. sodium deoxycholate-sucrose density gradient centrifugation was followed by dialysis of the active nadh dehydrogenase fractions which caused flocculation of 60% of the membrane proteins while the nadh dehydroge ... | 1976 | 990315 |
| lysis of acholeplasma laidlawii by antibodies and complement. | membranes of acholeplasma laidlawii were used to determine the membrane components involved in immune lysis and to eventually detect enzymatic changes in the membrane components during this reaction. in a previous publication we reported that a. laidlawii can be killed by antibody and complement and that antibodies to membrane proteins are by far more effective than antibodies to membrane lipids in the complement-dependent killing of this organism. in this report we demonstrate that membrane dam ... | 1976 | 971945 |
| in vitro anti-mycoplasmal activity of amphotericin b methyl ester. | the polyene macrolide antibiotic amphotericin b (ab) and its chemically modified derivative amphotericin b methyl ester (ame) were tested for in vitro activity against acholeplasma laidlawii, spiroplasma citri and mycoplasma gallisepticum. both polyene macrolide preparations demonstrated anti-mycoplasmal activity. however, ame was mycoplasmacidal toward all three strains of mycoplasma at levels which previous studies have indicated would be permissible for most cell culture systems, whereas the ... | 1976 | 950321 |
| pathogenicity of certain mycoplasma species in the bovine mammary gland. | strains of three of the species of mycoplasmas isolated from pneumonic calf lungs, mycoplasma dispar, mycoplasma bovirhinis and acholeplasma laidlawii, were inoculated into the bovine mammary gland. pathogenicity of the species was monitored by counting the inflammatory cells and mycoplasmas in milk. six of the seven m dispar strains produced clinical mastitis, but the seventh strain, vic12, was apparently avirulent. the four strains of m bovirhinis caused subclinical mastitis. none of the four ... | 1976 | 935661 |
| on the possible role of respiratory activity of acholeplasma laidlawii cells in sugar transport. | 1. out of 20 exogeneous substrates only ethanol and, to a much lesser extent, lactate and pyruvate were shown to be capable of stimulating the respiration of acholeplasma laidlawii cells. however, none of these substrates changed the initial rate of active transport of 3-o-methyl-d-glucose (3-o-mg). 2. from inhibitory analyses and spectroscopic data, it is apparent that the respiratory chain of a. laidlawii has no cytochromes and is probably not responsible for oxidative phosphorylation. 3. vali ... | 1976 | 984999 |
| isoelectric focusing of mycoplasma proteins. | polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing (pagif) in thin layer was used to resolve proteins of mycoplasma spp., acholeplasma spp., and eight strains of ureaplasma urealyticum (t-strain). a mixture of urea, triton x-100, and dithioerythritol was used to solubilize sonically disrupted cells. pagif was performed in the range of ph 3 to 10. protein patterns were carefully compared, demonstrating resolved and distinguishable species-specific protein bands. the eight serotypes of u. urealyticum (t-stra ... | 1976 | 791125 |
| infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: experimental induction of infection in calves with mycoplasmas and moraxella bovis. | eyes of 14 calves were exposed by conjunctival instillation to cultures of either mycoplasma conjunctivae (6 calves) or acholeplasma laidlawii (8 calves). calves were observed for clinical signs of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (ibk), and eyes were examined for the test organisms by bacteriologic cultural technique for 60 days. acholeplasma laidlawii became established in the eyes of 5 of 8 calves; m conjunctivae became established in the eyes of 4 of 6 calves. on day 28, eyes of 9 of t ... | 1976 | 1275332 |
| effectiveness of certain teat dips and sanitizers in vitro and on teat skin against mycoplasma agalactiae subsp. bovis. | seven teat dip and sanitizer products were tested in vitro and in vivo for mycoplasmacidal activity against mycoplasma agalactiae subsp. bovis (m. bovimastitidis). most, but not all products tested appeared to kill the mycoplasma at satisfactory dilutions. these mycoplasma survived longer on teat skin during humid, rainy weather than during warm, dry weather. acholeplasma laidlawii was frequently found on normal teat skin. | 1976 | 1261269 |
| experimentally produced calf pneumonia. | experimental pneumonia was produced in calves by the endobronchial inoculation of pneumonic lung homogenates. irradiated homogenates produced minimal pneumonia. ampicillin treatment of the homogenates and the experimental calves reduced the extent of pneumonia. treatment with tylosin tartrate prevented experimental pneumonia. these results suggest that the total pneumonia was due to organisms susceptible to tylosin tartrate and that the residual pneumonia remaining after ampicillin treatment was ... | 1976 | 1265354 |
| effect of cerulenin on growth and lipid metabolism of mycoplasmas. | cerulenin markedly inhibited the growth of acholeplasma laidlawii. a. axanthum and a. granularum were less susceptible, whereas the sterol-requiring mycoplasma species examined showed very little susceptibility. the inhibition was not reversed by the addition of long-chain fatty acids to the medium. at a concentration of 20 mug/ml, cerulenin inhibited the incorporation of [(14)c]acetate into a. laidlawii membrane lipids, but it had no effect on either protein or nucleic acid biosynthesis. cerule ... | 1976 | 1267428 |
| tween 20-soluble membrane proteins of a choleplasma laidlawii. fractionation in the presence of a tween 20 concentration slightly above its critical micelle concentration and in the absence of detergent by means of agarose-suspension electrophoresis. | 1976 | 16386032 | |
| mycoplasma infection of geese. 1. incidence of mycoplasmas and acholeplasmas in geese. | this paper presents data about the isolation of members of the order mycoplasmatales from material of goose origin. acholeplasma laidlawii strains were isolated from 2 to 8 day old goslings with heavy fibrinous airsacculitis, peritonitis and perihepatitis. losses reached 30% of the flock by the end of the 8th week of age. acholeplasma axanthum strains were detected in goose-embryos that died on the 13th day of incubation. a significant loss (up to 60%) of embryos was observed in the flock and so ... | 1975 | 18777290 |
| immunological properties of glycolipids from membranes of acholeplasma laidlawii. | glycolipids, the predominant class of lipids in the membranes of acholeplasma laidlawii, are the haptenic determinants that react with anti-a. laidlawii serum to fix complement. the predominant complement-fixing activity of the membrane glycolipids was associated with the monoglucoysyl diglyceride, diglucosyl diglyceride, glycerlphosphoryl diglucosyl diglyceride (gpdd), and an unknown lipid b, which did not react with ninhydrin but release glucose and glycerol and traces of phosphorus upon hydro ... | 1975 | 1193716 |
| lipid-sterol interactions in liposomes and membranes. | 1975 | 1193252 | |
| [radiosensitivity of mycoplasma and damage to their dna after irradiation (author's transl)]. | 1975 | 1242851 | |
| drying and irradiation of calf and horse serum. ii. influence on mycoplasma content of the calf sera. | drying of calf sera produced only a negligible change in their content of acholeplasma laidlawii organisms and reduced the content of mycoplasma arginini organisms by 2 to 4 logs. gamma-irradiation of liquid and dried calf sera killed m. arginini and a. laidlawii organisms at irradiation levels of 0.2-0.3 and 0.4-0.6 mrads, respectively. | 1975 | 1179873 |
| replication of mycoplasmavirus mvl51: i. replicative intermediates. | 1975 | 1180927 | |
| molecular order in acholeplasma laidlawii membranes as determined by deuterium magnetic resonance of biosynthetically-incorporated specifically-labelled lipids. | the first application of deuterium magentic resonance of specifically labelled lipids to the study of a natural biological membrane is described. palmitic acid labelled at the terminal methyl group with deuterium was incorporated biosynthetically into the lipids of the plasma membrane of acholeplasma laidlawii. the deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance spectra contain quadrupole splittings which yield directly order parameters for this region of the membrane. below the growth temperature (37 degr ... | 1975 | 1182151 |
| characterization of mycoplasmatales virus-laidlawii 3. | purified preparations of mycoplasmatales virus-laidlawii 3 were negatively stained and studied by electron microscopy. they were seen to consist of uniform sized particles having a polyhedral head, 57 nm by 61 nm, and a short tail, 25 nm long, joined to the head at one vertex by a collar. the particles were shown to have buoyant densities of 1-477 g/ml in csc1, 1-32 g/ml and 1-26 g/ml in potassium tartrate and a sedimentation coefficient, s20,w, of 290 +/- 13. they are composed of 35-2% double-s ... | 1975 | 1185149 |
| mycoplasmas and cuffing pneumonia in a group of calves. | the mycoplasmas found in the lungs of 20 calves, housed together for six months, and the related pulmonary pathology are reported. twelve calves had cuffing pneumonia and in this group there was a significantly higher isolation frequency of mycoplasma dispar and ureaplasma spp compared with the non-pneumonic group. mycoplasma bovirhinis and acholeplasma laidlawii were isolated from the lungs of calves in both groups. mycoplasma arginini was not recovered from the lungs of any calf. the significa ... | 1975 | 1198879 |
| [respiratory activity of acholeplasma laidlawii cells and its role in the active transport of carbohydrates]. | the respiratory activity of the acholeplasma laidlawii cells was studied in order to elucidate a possible mechanism of coupling of transport with energy. the respiration of the cells is stimulated by ethanol, glucose, nadh, lactate, and pyruvate. the substrates of the krebs cycle have no effect on the respiration. the respiratory activity, stimulated by ethanol and glucose, is inhibited by the inhibitors of the respiratory chain, sh reagents, and the inhibitors of glycolysis. the results of expe ... | 1975 | 1207494 |
| transport properties of membrane vesicles from acholeplasma laidlawii. iii. evidence of active nature of glucose transport. | membrane vesicles obtained from acholeplasma laidlawii accumulate glucose as well as maltose and fructose against their concentration gradient in the absence of exogenous energy sources. glucose uptake by membrane vesicles is inhibited by anaerobiosis and by electron transfer inhibitors, such as rotenone and amytal, but not by 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline n-oxide, antimycin a, cyanide and azide. rotenone, cyanide and amytal also produce a rapid efflux of glucose from the membrane vesicles. arsena ... | 1975 | 1193497 |
| phase transitions and fluidity characteristics of lipids and cell membranes. | 1975 | 1103214 | |
| lipid-lipid and lipid-protein interaction in model systems and membranes. | 1975 | 769638 | |
| recent progress in mycoplasma research. | today, 12 years after the identification of eaton agent as a mycoplasma, much new information on this infection has accumulated. better methods have become available, which will be helpful in determining whether other mycoplasmas might be human pathogens, e.g., some ureaplasmas in nongonococcal urethritis. experimental mycoplasma infections in birds and animals have revealed common features with immune complex diseases in man. they may serve, therefore, as useful models for human mycoplasma dise ... | 1975 | 1081171 |
| survival of frozen mycoplasmas. | cooling to -70 c killed a higher percentage of acholeplasma laidlawii and mycoplasma mycoides var. capri cells than cooling to -20 c. however, to preserve cell viability for prolonged periods storage at -70 c was much more preferable. the percentage of cells surviving freezing could be increased by increasing the initial cell concentration or by the addition of dimethyl sulfoxide or glycerol as cryoprotective agents. in the presence of 1.5 m of any one of these agents survival rates of up to 100 ... | 1975 | 1099985 |
| mycoplasma species recovered from the reproductive tracts of western canadian cows. | samples of cervico-vaginal mucus from 633 animals from 110 herds were cultured and yielded the following mycoplasmas: t-strain--88: mycoplasma bovigenitalium--79, mycoplasma spp. (leach group 7)--7, acholeplasma laidlawii--4, mycoplasma bovirhinis--2 and one not typable. uterine exudates and endometrial scrapings from 80 infertile cows in two herds were examined. four animals were positive, m. bovigenitalium was isolated three times, a. laidlawii and mycoplasma arginini once each. sixty-five nor ... | 1975 | 1125831 |
| transport properties of membrane vesicles from acholeplasma laidlawii. ii. kinetic characteristics and specificity of glucose transport system. | the glucose transport system of membrane vesicles isolated from acholeplasma laidlawii is saturable, with a km of 21.2 mum and v of 0.68 nmol min-1 (mg protein)-1. the process is ph-dependent and a break occurs in the arrhenius plot at 15 degrees c. exogenous substrates did not stimulate glucose transport probably due to their inability to penetrate into membrane vesicles. 3-o-methylglucose and 6-deoxyglucose competitively inhibited glucose transport. maltose inhibited transport of glucose nonco ... | 1975 | 286 |
| [infectious keratoconjunctivitis of cattle in ivory coast. i. microbiological aspects]. | 1975 | 174165 | |
| transport properties of membrane vesicles from acholeplasma laidlawii. i. isolation and general characteristics. | a new procedure for the isolation of membrane vesicles from acholeplasma laidlawii cells is described. the membrane vesicles are completely free from contaminations of whole cells and cell debris and represent a homogeneous fraction as shown by electron microscopy, ficoll density-gradient centrifugation, and titration on agar plate. absence of cytoplasmic contaminations was confirmed by double-labelling of membranes with 3h-oleic acid and 14c-uridine, as well as by distribution of specific marke ... | 1975 | 127739 |
| characterization of the mycoplasma membrane proteins. v. release and localization of membrane-bound enzymes in acholeplasma laidlawii. | the peripheral membrane protein fraction released by washing acholeplasma laidlawii membranes with low-ionic strength buffers contained about 50% of the total membrane-bound ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease activities. the atpase, nadh oxidase and p-nitrophenylphosphatase activities remained bound to the membrane even when edta was added to the wash fluids, and thus appear to belong to the integral membrane protein group. serving as a marker for peripheral membrane proteins, the membrane-bound ... | 1975 | 234252 |
| electron-microscopic study of a mycoplasmatales virus, strain mv-lg-ps2-l 172. | morphology and adsorption of a globular virus, lysing acholeplasma laidlawii were studied in ultrathin sections of plaques in a lawn of the host strain. the virus was globular, about 50 to 90 nm in diameter, with a clearly defined membrane, 6.5 to 8 nm thick. a protuberance about 25 to 35 nm long and 12 to 20 nm thick was observed on numerous virus particles. the evenly granulated, electron-optically dense content of the cells became clearer in cells affected by the viruses. fibrillar structures ... | 1975 | 234904 |
| purification of membrane proteins from acholeplasma laidlawii by agarose suspension electrophoresis in tween 20 and polyacrylamide and dextran gel electrophoresis in detergent-free media. | four of the membrane proteins from acholeplasma laidlawii that are soluble in the nonionic detergent tween 20 have been purified by preparative electrophoretic techniques utilizing different supporting media. the last purification step for two of the major proteins was a preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis performed in the absence of any detergent. the proteins were recovered by continuous elution. the purity of the fractions was examined by analytical polyacrylamide gel electrophores ... | 1975 | 235514 |
| electron diffraction studies of biological membranes and lipids. | 1975 | 235744 | |
| [identification of mycoplasmas isolated from monkeys]. | the authors identified 15 strains of mycoplasmae isolated from papio hamadryas suffering from leukemia and from healthy macacus rhesus, a green monkey and saimiri. a study was made of their biochemical properties, antigenic properties in the reaction of growth depression with immune sera to a number of standard strains, and also the protein composition by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel (epag). a number of mycoplasmae were identified as a. laidlawii, m. arthritidis--campo and m. cynomolgus ... | 1975 | 235821 |
| adenine formation from adenosine by mycoplasmas: adenosine phosphorylase activity. | mammalian cells have enzymes to convert adenosine to inosine by deamination and inosine to hypoxanthine by phosphorolysis, but they do not possess the enzymes necessary to form the free base, adenine, from adenosine. mycoplasmas grown in broth or in cell cultures can produce adenine from adenosine. this activity was detected in a variety of mycoplasmatales, and the enzyme was shown to be adenosine phosphorylase. adenosine formation from adenine and ribose 1-phosphate, the reverse reaction of ade ... | 1975 | 236559 |
| immunogenetic analysis of the mechanism of induction of friend virus leukemia. | 1975 | 236610 | |
| scanning of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis columns for detection of unstained protein zones and for their localization relative to enzyme activities. | 1975 | 236684 | |
| crossed immunoelectrophoresis: polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by electrophoresis into an agarose gel containing antibodies. | 1975 | 236696 | |
| osmotic behaviour of acholeplasma laidlawii b cells with membrane lipids in liquid-crystalline and gel state. | the osmotic behaviour of acholeplasma laidlawii b cells was investigated with combined spectrophotometric and enzymatic measurements. the conclusion could be drawn that this osmotic behaviour depends largely on the physical state of the membrane lipids. when part of the membrane lipids is in the liquid-crystalline phase the cell is able to swell and behaves as a good osmometer. however, when the membrane lipid is in the gel phase, the cell is unable to swell and the change in absorbance of the c ... | 1975 | 236790 |
| heterogeneity in the physical state of the exterior and interior regions of mycoplasma membrane lipids. | 1975 | 238513 | |
| membrane lipid, not polarized water, is responsible for the semipermeable properties of living cells. | it has recently been proposed that the semipermeable surface barrier of living cells is in fact provided by water polarized in multilayers by the cellular protein, and not by the lipids of the cell membrane as had been widely supposed. this review paper summarizes a large and diverse body of recent experimental work, concerned with the structure and function of biological membranes in general and with the passive permeability properties of cell surface membranes in particular, which does not sup ... | 1975 | 238671 |
| cholesterol incorporation into bacterial membranes. | the wall-covered bacteria micrococcus lysodeikticus, bacillus megaterium, and proteus mirabilis incorporated exogenous cholesterol into their cytoplasmic membrane in quantities resembling those incorporated by sterol-nonrequiring mycoplasmas. cholesterol incorporation into the outer membrane of p. mirabilis was much more restricted than into the cytoplasmic membrane. | 1975 | 809427 |
| [glucose transport into membrane vesicles from acholeplasma laidlawii cells]. | 1975 | 235409 | |
| differential fluorescence labelling with 5-dimethyl-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonyl chloride of intact cells and isolated membranes in salmonella typhimurium and acholeplasma laidlawii. | for fluorescence labelling intact cells and isolated cell envelopes (membranes) from salmonella typhimurium and acholeplasma laidlawii were treated with mixed dansylchloride-lecithin-cholesterol vesicles. this kind of dansylation, which has been supposed to be specific for cell surface proteins, produced fluorescent protein pattern after sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis only when isolated envelopes were dansylated. acid hydrolysis of fluorescent cell envelopes of salmonella typhimurium yie ... | 1975 | 235245 |
| glucose transport in acholeplasma laidlawii b: dependence on the fluidity and physical state of membrane lipids. | the uptake of d-glucose by acholeplasma laidlawii b occurs via a mediated transport process, as shown by the following observations: (i) glucose permeates a. laidlawii b cells at a rate at least 100 times greater than would be expected if its entry occurred only by simple passive diffusion; (ii) the apparent activation energy for glucose uptake in a. laidlawii is significantly lower than that expected and observed for the passive permeation of this sugar; (iii) glucose uptake appears to be a sat ... | 1975 | 237881 |
| correlation of cholesterol to phospholipid content in membranes of growing mycoplasmas. | 1974 | 4426401 |