Publications

associations between heat-stable (o) and heat-labile (hl) serogroup antigens of campylobacter jejuni: evidence for interstrain relationships within three o/hl serovars.	a comparative examination of the heat-stable (o) and heat-labile (hl) serogrouping results for 9,024 sporadic human isolates of campylobacter jejuni revealed conserved associations between specific o and hl antigens (o/hl serovars). forty-nine percent of the isolates which grouped for both o and hl antigens belonged to one of three serovars: o 4 complex/hl 1 (17.9%), o 1/hl 2 (16.8%), or o 50/hl 7 (14.5%). other common serovars were o 2/hl 4 (8.3%), o 6/hl 6 (8.1%), o 53/hl 11 (4.5%), o 19/hl 17 ...	1998	9665996
direct detection of eae-positive bacteria in human and veterinary colorectal specimens by pcr.	a pcr test based on the amplification of an eae-specific sequence was designed and evaluated for its ability to directly detect homologous sequences in enteropathogenic escherichia coli and citrobacter spp. (amplification of eae open reading frame, 178 bp) in sections of the intestines of humans and animals with colonic lesions. positive pcr results were observed with eae-positive reference strains of e. coli and citrobacter rodentium (citrobacter freundii biotype 4280). known eae-negative refer ...	1998	9666014
lipopolysaccharides from campylobacter jejuni o:41 strains associated with guillain-barré syndrome exhibit mimicry of gm1 ganglioside.	three campylobacter jejuni, biotype 2, serotype o:41 strains that were isolated from patients who developed guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) and one c. jejuni isolate from a patient who developed enteritis only were examined. the aim of the study was to determine the structure of the core oligosaccharide (os) of the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of c. jejuni serotype o:41, a serotype rarely associated with the development of gbs, and to determine if the lps shares similar epitopes with any of the major ...	1998	9673245
the largest subunits of rna polymerase from gastric helicobacters are tethered.	the rpob and rpoc genes of eubacteria and archaea, coding respectively for the beta- and beta'-like subunits of dna-dependent rna polymerase, are organized in an operon with rpob always preceding rpoc. the genome sequence of the gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori (strain 26695) revealed homologs of two genes in one continuous open reading frame that potentially could encode one 2890-amino acid-long beta-beta' fusion protein. here, we show that this open reading frame does in fact encode a fuse ...	1998	9677352
infected abdominal aortic aneurysm caused by campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus: report of a case.	a 45-year old man with fever, abdominal pain, and a pulsating mass underwent an aneurysmectomy, with in situ reconstruction using a bifurcated knitted dacron graft, for a saccular abdominal aortic aneurysm (aaa). a culture taken postoperatively grew campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus. the administration of antibiotics sensitive to this organism was continued for 3 months, and no infection has been encountered in the 1 year since his operation. this is only the 13th documented case of aaa infec ...	1998	9681621
dentilisin activity affects the organization of the outer sheath of treponema denticola.	prolyl-phenylalanine-specific serine protease (dentilisin) is a major extracellular protease produced by treponema denticola. the gene, prtp, coding for the protease was recently cloned and sequenced (k. ishihara, t. miura, h. k. kuramitsu, and k. okuda, infect. immun. 64:5178-5186, 1996). in order to determine the role of this protease in the physiology and virulence of t. denticola, a dentilisin-deficient mutant, k1, was constructed following electroporation with a prtp-inactivated dna fragmen ...	1998	9683480
influence of the secondary cell wall polymer on the reassembly, recrystallization, and stability properties of the s-layer protein from bacillus stearothermophilus pv72/p2.	the high-molecular-weight secondary cell wall polymer (scwp) from bacillus stearothermophilus pv72/p2 is mainly composed of n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) and n-acetylmannosamine (mannac) and is involved in anchoring the s-layer protein via its n-terminal region to the rigid cell wall layer. in addition to this binding function, the scwp was found to inhibit the formation of self-assembly products during dialysis of the guanidine hydrochloride (ghcl)-extracted s-layer protein. the degree of assemb ...	1998	9696762
campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus cellulitis associated with bacteremia in debilitated hosts.	campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus rarely causes celluitis associated with bacteremia in debilitated hosts. we have identified this infection in two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and in one with liver cirrhosis. all three patients had eaten raw beef, liver, or improperly cooked pork before the manifestations of the illness. c. fetus subspecies fetus was recovered from blood and feces from the three patients. this organism was also isolated from a subcutaneous aspirate of the cellu ...	1998	9709871
campylobacter fetus--emerging infection and model system for bacterial pathogenesis at mucosal surfaces.		1998	9709872
surface structure, hydrophobicity, phagocytosis, and adherence to matrix proteins of bacillus cereus cells with and without the crystalline surface protein layer.	nonopsonic phagocytosis of bacillus cereus by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) with particular attention to bacterial surface properties and structure was studied. two reference strains (atcc 14579(t) and atcc 4342) and two clinical isolates (oh599 and oh600) from periodontal and endodontic infections were assessed for adherence to matrix proteins, such as type i collagen, fibronectin, laminin, and fibrinogen. one-day-old cultures of strains oh599 and oh600 were readily ingested by pmns ...	1998	9746594
cloning of a sapb homologue (sapb2) encoding a putative 112-kda campylobacter fetus s-layer protein and its use for identification and molecular genotyping.	a sap gene encoding a surface layer protein was isolated from a campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus cip 53.96t cosmid library. this sap gene, which shows significant homology with the sapb conserved region, was named sapb2. the complete orf of 3339 nucleotides encodes a 1112-amino acid polypeptide with a calculated molecular mass of 112 kda. high homology with the sapb gene was found in a region beginning 67 bp before the orf and proceeding 546 bp into the orf. similarly, 98% homology with the sapa2 ...	1998	9752999
physiological activity of campylobacter jejuni far below the minimal growth temperature.	the behavior of campylobacter jejuni at environmental temperatures was examined by determining the physiological activities of this human pathogen. the minimal growth temperatures were found to be 32 and 31 degrees c for strains 104 and atcc 33560, respectively. both strains exhibited a sudden decrease in growth rate from the maximum to zero within a few degrees not only near the maximal growth temperature but also near the minimal growth temperature. this could be an indication that a temperatu ...	1998	9758819
[campylobacter fetus endocarditis manifested by a popliteal mycotic aneurysm].	campylobacter fetus endocarditis is uncommon and may be life-threatening.	1998	9768000
the s-layer protein from campylobacter rectus: sequence determination and function of the recombinant protein.	the gene encoding the crystalline surface layer (s-layer) protein from campylobacter rectus, designated slp, was sequenced and the recombinant gene product was expressed in escherichia coli. the gene consisted of 4086 nucleotides encoding a protein with 1361 amino acids. the n-terminal amino acid sequence revealed that slp did not contain a signal sequence, but that the initial methionine residue was processed. the deduced amino acid sequence displayed some common characteristic features of s-la ...	1998	9770285
meningitis in adults due to campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus.		1998	9798059
differentiation of campylobacter jejuni serotype o19 strains from non-o19 strains by pcr.	guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), a neurologic disease characterized by acute paralysis, is frequently preceded by campylobacter jejuni infection. serotype o19 strains are overrepresented among gbs-associated c. jejuni isolates. we previously showed that all o19 strains tested were closely related to one another by randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses. rapd analysis demonstrated a 1.4-kb band in all o19 strains tested but in no non-o19 stra ...	1998	9817874
rapid emergence of high-level resistance to quinolones in campylobacter jejuni associated with mutational changes in gyra and parc.	quinolone resistance in clinical isolates of campylobacter jejuni in sweden increased more than 20-fold at the beginning of the 1990s. resistance to 125 microgram of ciprofloxacin per ml in clinical isolates was associated with chromosomal mutations in c. jejuni leading to a thr-86-ile substitution in the gyra product and a arg-139-gln substitution in the parc product.	1998	9835526
campylobacter fetus surface layer proteins are transported by a type i secretion system.	the virulence of campylobacter fetus, a bacterial pathogen of ungulates and humans, is mediated in part by the presence of a paracrystalline surface layer (s-layer) that confers serum resistance. the subunits of the s-layer are s-layer proteins (slps) that are secreted in the absence of an n-terminal signal sequence and attach to either type a or b c. fetus lipopolysaccharide in a serospecific manner. antigenic variation of multiple slps (encoded by sapa homologs) of type a strain 23d occurs by ...	1998	9851986
prospective evaluation of criteria for microbiological diagnosis of prosthetic-joint infection at revision arthroplasty. the osiris collaborative study group.	a prospective study was performed to establish criteria for the microbiological diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection at elective revision arthroplasty. patients were treated in a multidisciplinary unit dedicated to the management and study of musculoskeletal infection. standard multiple samples of periprosthetic tissue were obtained at surgery, gram stained, and cultured by direct and enrichment methods. with reference to histology as the criterion standard, sensitivities, specificities, and ...	1998	9738046
isolation of h. pylori genomic dna and restriction analysis.	since helicobacter pylori was first described in 1983 (1), the study of genomic dna has been central to the development of its microbiology and molecular genetics. for instance, dna base composition estimation (mol% g+c) was crucial in demonstrating affinities of the microorganism to the genus campylobacter (2). likewise, dna-dna hybridization assays revealed a high degree of base sequence homology between different isolates of h. pylori, yet a low relatedness to campylobacter fetus and other sp ...	1997	21351024
purification and characterization of campylobacter rectus surface layer proteins.	campylobacter rectus is a putative periodontopathogen which expresses a proteinaceous surface layer (s-layer) external to the outer membrane. s-layers are considered to play a protective role for the microorganism in hostile environments. the s-layer proteins from six different c. rectus strains (five human isolates and a nonhuman primate [nhp] isolate) were isolated, purified, and characterized. the s-layer proteins of these strains varied in molecular mass (ca. 150 to 166 kda) as determined by ...	1997	9009300
nested dna inversion as a paradigm of programmed gene rearrangement.	programmed gene rearrangements are employed by a variety of microorganisms, including viruses, prokaryotes, and simple eukaryotes, to control gene expression. in most instances in which organisms mediate host evasion by large families of homologous gene cassettes, the mechanism of variation is not thought to involve dna inversion. here we report that campylobacter fetus, a pathogenic gram-negative bacterium, reassorts a single promoter, controlling surface-layer protein expression, and one or mo ...	1997	9023369
cloning and nucleotide sequence of the gyra gene from campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus atcc 27374 and characterization of ciprofloxacin-resistant laboratory and clinical isolates.	the gyra gene of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus, which encodes the a subunit of dna gyrase, was cloned, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. an open reading frame of 2,586 nucleotides which encodes a polypeptide of 862 amino acids with an mr of 96,782 was identified. c. fetus subsp. fetus gyra is most closely related to campylobacter jejuni gyra, with 73% homology at the nucleotide level and 78% identity between polypeptides. the next most closely related gyra was that from helicobacter ...	1997	9056011
dna fingerprinting of campylobacter fetus using cloned constructs of ribosomal rna and surface array protein genes.	dna fragments coding for the ribosomal rna and the surface array proteins of campylobacter fetus have been cloned from a genomic library constructed in escherichia coli. they were used in the molecular characterization of c. fetus (subsp. fetus; subsp. venerealis) strains by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) method. ribotyping results showed that all strains of the two subspecies can be classified under one ribogroup implying very close relatedness. the sapa gene dna marker, howeve ...	1997	9057261
a deletion in the sapa homologue cluster is responsible for the loss of the s-layer in campylobacter fetus strain tk.	the surface array protein (sap) of campylobacter fetus strain tk is encoded by seven homologous sapa genes clustered on the chromosomal dna. the spontaneously arising variant strain tk(sap-) produces no sap and carries an approximately 10-kb chromosomal deletion. to elucidate the mechanism underlying the loss of sap synthesis, we analyzed the region containing the sapa homologues and the deletion. we constructed a physical map of the sapa cluster region by aligning the clones that contain sapa h ...	1997	9075619
serologic survey for infectious pathogens in free-ranging american bison.	from november 1991 through march 1992, we evaluated 101 free-ranging american bison (bison bison) from yellowstone national park, wyoming (usa) for exposure to infectious organisms that commonly infect cattle. no titers were detected for bluetongue virus, bovine leukemia virus, or campylobacter fetus in these 101 bison. detectable antibodies occurred against anaplasma marginale (eight of 76, 11%), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (31 of 101, 31%), bovine viral diarrhea (31 of 101, 31%), bovine ...	1997	9131564
campylobacter fetus-associated aneurysms: report of a case involving the popliteal artery and review of the literature.		1997	9142823
a sero-epidemiological study of haemophilus somnus infection in dairy cattle.	five repeated cross-sectional serological surveys of 790 dairy cattle in 4 dairy herds between december 1985 and february 1987 provided an opportunity to study the changes in the seroprevalence of haemophilus somnus across the 5 surveys and with respect to some demographic and disease variables. the demographic variables included were age (heifers or cows) and farm, representing two groups of herds (two herds in each group, located in the central and northern valleys of california). the serologi ...	1997	9151407
campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus cholecystitis in a patient with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.	acute cholecystitis due to campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus is very uncommon. we report a case of cholecystitis and obstructive jaundice in which cultured bile grew this organism. the patient had a 4-year history of hepatocellular carcinoma, resulting in common bile duct obstruction due to abdominal lymph node metastasis. microscopic examination of her bile showed multiple gram-negative curved organisms and c. fetus subsp. fetus was isolated under microaerophilic conditions. therefore, we should ...	1997	9181660
the o-specific polysaccharide chain of campylobacter fetus serotype a lipopolysaccharide is a partially o-acetylated 1,3-linked alpha-d-mannan.	a polysaccharide fraction liberated from campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus serotype a lipopolysaccharide by mild acid hydrolysis followed by gel-permeation chromatography contained a partially o-acetylated d-mannan chain, as an o-specific polysaccharide, with a core oligosaccharide attached. the structure of the polysaccharide was studied by o-deacetylation, methylation, and 1h- and 13c-nmr spectroscopy, including computer-assisted analysis of the 13c-nmr spectrum. a structure of -->3)-alpha-d-ma ...	1997	9182999
helicobacter pylori induces an array of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human gastric epithelial cells: quantification of mrna for interleukin-8, -1 alpha/beta, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha.	despite the fact that helicobacter pylori is known to be non-invasive, mucosal infiltration of inflammatory cells have been observed in the gastric mucosa. the exact pathogenesis of such an inflammatory reaction has not been well defined. we explored the repertoire of cytokine genes expressed in human gastric epithelial cells in response to coculture with h. pylori. after gastric epithelial cells, snu-5 and kato iii, were infected with h. pylori, expression of several cytokine genes was assessed ...	1997	9257236
molecular biology of s-layers.	in this chapter we report on the molecular biology of crystalline surface layers of different bacterial groups. the limited information indicates that there are many variations on a common theme. sequence variety, antigenic diversity, gene expression, rearrangements, influence of environmental factors and applied aspects are addressed. there is considerable variety in the s-layer composition, which was elucidated by sequence analysis of the corresponding genes. in corynebacterium glutamicum one ...	1997	9276928
functions of s-layers.	although s-layers are being increasingly identified on bacteria and archaea, it is enigmatic that in most cases s-layer function continues to elude us. in a few instances, s-layers have been shown to be virulence factors on pathogens (e.g. campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus and aeromonas salmonicida), protective against bdellovibrio, a depository for surface-exposed enzymes (e.g. bacillus stearothermophilus), shape-determining agents (e.g. thermoproteus tenax) and nucleation factors for fine-grain m ...	1997	9276929
infected subdural effusion associated with resolving subdural hematoma--case report.	a 70-year-old male presented with rapid neurological deterioration and fever 3 months after suffering a closed head trauma. he underwent craniotomy for possible subdural empyema based on computed tomography and clinical findings. dural incision revealed an outer membrane typical of chronic subdural hematoma which covered a clear, yellowish fluid containing campylobacter fetus. histological examination confirmed the capsule of the hematoma, with a necrotic focus infiltrated by neutrophils. admini ...	1997	9301203
[spontaneous bacterial peritonitis from campylobacter fetus].	a patient with cirrhosis and ascites who developed spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due to campylobacter fetus is described herein. this organism has been increasingly associated with bacteremia and localized infections in patients with cirrhosis and other immunocompromised states, but spontaneous bacterial peritonitis has been rarely reported. we review campylobacter fetus infections and their relationship to development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and we emphasize that prolonged ant ...	1997	9303614
[bacteremia caused by campylobacter fetus secondary to rectal biopsy].		1997	9312288
both dna gyrase and reverse gyrase are present in the hyperthermophilic bacterium thermotoga maritima.	like all hyperthermophiles yet tested, the bacterium thermotoga maritima contains a reverse gyrase. here we show that it contains also a dna gyrase. the genes top2a and top2b encoding the two subunits of a dna gyrase-like enzyme have been cloned and sequenced. the top2a (type ii dna topoisomerase a protein) is more similar to gyra (dna gyrase a protein) than to parc [topoisomerase iv (topo iv) c protein]. the difference is especially striking at the c-terminal domain, which differentiates dna gy ...	1997	9380682
nested dna inversion of campylobacter fetus s-layer genes is reca dependent.	wild-type strains of campylobacter fetus are covered by a monomolecular array of surface layer proteins (slps) critical for virulence. each cell possesses eight slp gene cassettes, tightly clustered in the genome, that encode slps of 97 to 149 kda. variation of slp expression occurs by a mechanism of nested dna rearrangement that involves the inversion of a 6.2-kb sapa promoter-containing element alone or together with one or more flanking slp gene cassettes. the presence of extensive regions of ...	1997	9393719
molecular mechanisms of campylobacter fetus surface layer protein expression.	cells of the gram-negative bacteria campylobacter fetus are covered by monomolecular arrays of surface layer proteins (slps) critical for both persistence in their natural hosts and for virulence. for c. fetus cells, expression of slps essentially eliminates c3b binding and their antigenic variation thwarts host immunological defences. each cell possesses multiple partially homologous and highly conserved slp gene cassettes, tightly clustered in the genome, that encode slps of 97-149 kda. these ...	1997	9402015
evaluation of a pcr assay for identification and differentiation of campylobacter fetus subspecies.	to evaluate a polymerase chain reaction assay for identification of campylobacter fetus and differentiation of the defined subspecies.	1997	9404619
[are chicken suspected? apropos of a case with recurrent campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus peritonitis].		1997	9499923
[a case of isolated tricuspid valve endocarditis caused by campylobacter fetus].	we reported a rare case of isolated tricuspid valve endocarditis in a non-addict with no underlying cardiac disease. a 48-year-old man was presented with high fever and newly developed leg edema. the diagnosis of tricuspid endocarditis was established following detection of a large vegetation (3.0 cm) on the tricuspid valve on echocardiography. one blood culture showed positive for campylobacter fetus. at operation, a large and a small vegetation were found attached to the anterior leaflet of th ...	1997	9430963
lethal maternal sepsis caused by campylobacter jejuni: pathogen preserved in placenta and identified by molecular methods.	campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common organisms in the etiology of febrile diarrhea. bacteremia is reported to be rare. in pregnant women, however, c. jejuni (previous name, vibrio fetus) can cause fetal death. we report the case of a pregnant woman with enterocolitis and sepsis that caused the death of the fetus and, 11 days later, the death of the mother. c. jejuni was detected by culture techniques at the time of the first symptoms but not during the subsequent course of disease. bac ...	1997	9436972
specific identification of campylobacter fetus by pcr targeting variable regions of the 16s rdna.	campylobacter fetus is recognized as a human and animal pathogen. the isolation and differentiation of c. fetus in diagnostic laboratories is hindered by its relatively slow growth and lack of distinguishing biochemical characteristics. we developed a fast, reliable pcr assay that specifically amplifies a 554-bp segment of the 16s rdna from c. fetus. fifty-two atcc reference strains and 255 bacterial field isolates comprising the genera campylobacter, arcobacter, helicobacter, escherichia, liste ...	1997	9451462
tactical control of ovine campylobacter abortion outbreaks with a bacterin.	abortions due to campylobacter fetus fetus (c. fetus fetus) were diagnosed in three canterbury ewe flocks 6 weeks prior to lambing. in two of the flocks, two inoculations of a c. fetus fetus bacterin, 10 days apart, reduced the incidence of abortions in the treated ewes to about one third and one half respectively of the level in the control ewes in the same flock. the treatment had no effect in a third flock where an outbreak had been in progress for 2 weeks before investigations started. the r ...	1996	16031895
attempted definition by immunoblotting of the causes of reactivity in suspected false-positive sera in the brucella ovis complement fixation test.	seventy-nine suspected false-positive sera, obtained over 1 year from routine submissions for brucella ovis serological testing, were used in this study. these sera, which exhibited titres in the complement fixation test, but which because of their epidemiological history and their reactions in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gel diffusion test were suspected to be false positives, were further analysed by immunoblotting. in blots, using b. ovis antigens, rough lipopolysaccharide was i ...	1996	16031926
the o-specific polysaccharide chain of campylobacter fetus serotype b lipopolysaccharide is a d-rhamnan terminated with 3-o-methyl-d-rhamnose (d-acofriose).	an o-specific polysaccharide was liberated from campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus serotype b lipopolysaccharide by mild acid hydrolysis followed by gel chromatography. this polysaccharide was found to contain d-rhamnose and 3-o-methyl-d-rhamnose (d-rha3me, d-acofriose) in a ratio of approximately 24:1, as well as lipopolysaccharide core constituents. the structure of the polysaccharide was studied by 1h-nmr and 13c-nmr spectroscopy, which included two-dimensional cosy, rotating-frame noe spectros ...	1996	8706751
generation of campylobacter fetus s-layer protein diversity utilizes a single promoter on an invertible dna segment.	wild-type strains of campylobacter fetus contain a monomolecular array of surface layer proteins (slps) and vary the antigenicity of the predominant slp expressed. reciprocal recombination events among the eight genomic slp gene cassettes, which encode 97- to 149 kda slps, permit this variation. to explore whether slp expression utilizes a single promoter, we created mutant bacterial strains using insertional mutagenesis by rescue of a marker from plasmids. experimental analysis of the mutants c ...	1996	8730866
[acute hepatitis caused by campylobacter fetus].		1996	8763076
an environmentally regulated pilus-like appendage involved in campylobacter pathogenesis.	examination of strains of campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and campylobacter fetus by electron microscopy revealed that they produced peritrichous pilus-like appendages when the bacteria were grown in the presence of bile salts. various bile-salt supplements were used and it was found that deoxycholate and chenodeoxycholic acid caused a significant enhancement of pilus production and resulted in a highly aggregative phenotype. morphologically, the pili were between 4 and 7 nm in width a ...	1996	8793884
infective endocarditis caused by campylobacter fetus after allogeneic tooth transplantation: a case report.	a patient developed infective endocarditis caused by campylobacter fetus. he gave a history of recent dental extraction and allogeneic tooth transplantation. he was treated with various antibodies to which the organism was said to be sensitive, but it was not until the transplanted tooth was removed that he started to improve. the mode of infection was thought to be blood borne through the open tooth socket from the raw chicken that he ate regularly.	1996	8818256
electrophoretic and immunoblot analysis of campylobacter fetus lipopolysaccharides.	proteinase k-digested cell lysates from 25 campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus and c. fetus subsp. venerealis strains were examined by sds-page and immunoblotting. three sds-page lipopolysaccharide (lps) profiles were observed. two profiles were consistent with those previously reported for serogroup a and serogroup b and ab isolates and were distinguished by the relative mobility of bands in the o-chain region and by a strong reaction on immunoblots with homologous antisera. the third profile ...	1996	8828127
epidemiologic application of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to an outbreak of campylobacter fetus meningitis in a neonatal intensive care unit.	an outbreak of nosocomial campylobacter fetus meningitis occurred in a neonatal intensive care unit (nicu). eight c. fetus strains were isolated from 4 infants with meningitis, the mother of the index patient and 2 infants who were asymptomatic intestinal carriers. the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) pattern with the restriction endonucleases smal and sall were found to be identical for the nosocomial c. fetus isolates, but the patterns were different from those of sporadic strains. thes ...	1996	8863359
biological characterization of campylobacter fetus lipopolysaccharides.	lipopolysaccharides (lps) of three strains of campylobacter fetus (subspp. fetus and venerealis, and serotypes a and b), a bacterium of veterinary importance but also a cause of various infections in humans, were assessed for their ability to induce mitogenicity, gelation of limulus amebocyte lysate, lethal toxicity in mice, and pyrogenicity in rabbits. all c. fetus lps exhibited activities lower than those of salmonella typhimurium lps. lps of c. fetus subsp. fetus serotype a had the lowest act ...	1996	8871115
expression, secretion and antigenic variation of bacterial s-layer proteins.	the function of the s-layer, a regularly arranged structure on the outside of numerous bacteria, appears to be different for bacteria living in different environments. almost no similarity exists between the primary sequences of s-proteins, although their amino acid composition is comparable. s-protein production is directed by single or multiple promoters in front of the s-protein gene, yielding stable mrnas. most bacteria secrete s-proteins via the general secretory pathway (gsp). translocatio ...	1996	8898381
[campylobacter fetus meningitis in adults].	campylobacter fetus is an uncommon cause of meningitis in the adult. we report a case observed in an 84-year-old man with alcoholic cirrhosis. the patient presented fever, jaundice and a state of mental confusion. blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures identified campylobacter fetus sensitive to several antibiotics. ciprofloxacine-ceftriaxone combination replaced the antibiotics prescribed empirically prior to identification and led to regression of the fever and normal mental status within 4 da ...	1996	8942943
segmental conservation of sapa sequences in type b campylobacter fetus cells.	campylobacter fetus cells may exist as either of two defined serogroups (type a or b) based on their lipopolysaccharide (lps) composition. wild-type strains contain surface array proteins (s-layer proteins) that have partial antigenic cross-reactivity but bind exclusively to lps from homologous (type a or b) cells. type a cells possess 8 homologs of sapa, which encodes a 97-kda s-layer protein; the gene products of these homologs have a conserved n terminus of 184 amino acids. to further explore ...	1995	7797493
bactericidal effects of ozone at nonspermicidal concentrations.	a study was conducted to assess the use of ozone (o3) to control pathogens or contaminants of concern to animal breeders and regulatory officials. in separate experiments, samples of fresh bovine semen and pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, or campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis were diluted with antibiotic-free milk (10(6) sperm and 10(6) organisms/ml of diluted semen), exposed in the previous day to a constantly monitored level of 5, 10, 15, or 20 micrograms/ml of o3 for 3-5 min. afte ...	1995	8521350
a detection assay for campylobacter fetus in bovine semen by restriction analysis of pcr amplified dna.	a rapid screening assay for campylobacter fetus in bull semen was developed using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) to complement isolation by culture. an oligonucleotide primer pair (c1/c2) from the hypervariable region of 16s rrna of c. fetus was used to amplify a 362 base pair fragment by pcr. the pcr/rea assay, which is completed in 10 hours, detected as few as three c. fetus subsp. venerealis cells in experimentally infected raw bull semen and i ...	1995	8540237
[abdominal aortic aneurysm infected with campylobacter fetus spp fetus. report of a case and review of the literature].	aortic aneurysm infected with campylobacter fetus spp fetus is rare, the first case having been reported in 1971. we present a case of abdominal aortic aneurysm, with a history of abdominal pain, fever and chills, with identification of this gram negative bacillus in the culture of the aortic wall and visualization of the microorganism in histological examination. surgical correction was performed by interposition of a dracon prosthetic graft. the patient had a good postoperative course, receivi ...	1995	8578095
campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus septicaemia: sds-page as an aid to speciation.	we describe a case of bacteraemia due to an atypical strain of campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus. conventional biochemical and phenotypic characterisation was unhelpful but whole cell protein profiles obtained by means of sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) allowed us to identify this strain.	1995	8586844
southern blotting analyses of strains of campylobacter fetus using the conserved region of sapa.	chromosomal dna of 27 strains of campylobacter fetus was analyzed by southern blotting with a probe of the conserved region of sapa. the probe hybridized with 23 strains that produced type a lipopolysaccharide. these strains had more than six sapa homologs. in southern blots of sali-digested chromosomal dna separated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, one fragment from 19 strains and two fragments from 4 strains hybridized. these data indicate that multiple sapa homologs are localized to a lim ...	1995	8588747
protein shift and antigenic variation in the s-layer of campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis during bovine infection accompanied by genomic rearrangement of sapa homologs.	campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis isolated from a case of human vaginosis was inoculated into the uterus of a c. fetus-negative heifer. isolates obtained weekly from the vaginal mucus exhibited variations in high-molecular-mass-protein profiles from that of the original inoculum, which had a dominant 110-kda s-layer protein. immunoblots of the weekly isolates with monoclonal antibody probes against the 110-kda s-layer protein and other c. fetus s-layer proteins demonstrated antigenic shifts. ...	1995	7721688
interleukin-8 response of gastric epithelial cell lines to helicobacter pylori stimulation in vitro.	gastric infection with helicobacter pylori activates a mucosal inflammatory response by mononuclear cells and neutrophils that includes expression of cytokines interleukin-1 beta (il-1 beta), il-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and il-8. in this study, we analyzed the il-8 response of human gastric cancer cell lines (kato iii, ags, and mkn28) to h. pylori infection in vitro. il-8 mrna expression was detected by reverse transcription-pcr amplification of rna extracted from epithelial cells after i ...	1995	7729872
a lipopolysaccharide-binding domain of the campylobacter fetus s-layer protein resides within the conserved n terminus of a family of silent and divergent homologs.	campylobacter fetus cells can produce multiple s-layer proteins ranging from 97 to 149 kda, with a single form predominating in cultured cells. we have cloned, sequenced, and expressed in escherichia coli a sapa homolog, sapa2, which encodes a full-length 1,109-amino-acid (112-kda) s-layer protein. comparison with the two previously cloned sapa homologs has demonstrated two regions of identity, approximately 70 bp before the open reading frame (orf) and proceeding 550 bp into the orf and immedia ...	1995	7896695
identification of campylobacter fetus by pcr-dna probe method.	a pcr method for rapid identification of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus was evaluated. a fragment of the gene coding for 16s rrna was amplified from crude cell lysates of 18 c. fetus strains and 30 strains representing other campylobacter species and subspecies. the amplicons were probed by dot blot hybridization with a digoxigenin-labeled c. fetus-specific oligonucleotide probe. the probe reacted only with c. fetus subsp. fetus and c. fetus subsp. venerealis and may be useful for rapid identi ...	1995	7542273
promising new carbapenem antibiotics for treatment of neonatal meningitis due to campylobacter fetus.		1995	7561257
genome map of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus atcc 27374.	a physical map of the chromosome of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus was constructed by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of restriction fragments generated by sali, smai and noti. digestion of the type strain atcc 27374 with these restriction endonucleases resulted in generating 4-14 fragments. the order of the fragments was deduced from hybridization of these restriction fragments to southern blots of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis gels generated by the other two enzymes. the estimated ...	1995	7590179
in vivo pefloxacin-resistant campylobacter fetus responsible for gastro-intestinal infection and bacteremia associated with arthritis of the hip.	the authors report a case of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus gastro-intestinal infection and bacteremia with poly-arthritis, mainly of the hip, in a french patient simultaneously suffering from cirrhosis of the liver. the outcome was eventually favorable, however only after a trial of ineffective pefloxacin-gentamicin therapy. the authors suggest: (i) gentamicin should not be given alone in c. fetus subsp. fetus infections, and (ii) pefloxacin should not be given if antibiotic sensitivities dat ...	1995	7618366
iatrogenic compressive lumbar myelopathy and radiculopathy in adult cattle following injection of an adjuvanted bacterin into loin muscle: histopathology and ultrastructure.	compressive lumbar myelopathy is a recognized iatrogenic complication of injecting water-in-oil vaccines into paravertebral sites of laboratory animals and chickens. herein, we report the histologic and ultrastructural features of a similar complication in a herd of cattle. iatrogenic posterior paresis developed over 34 days in 56 of 610 cows (9.2%) following injection of a commercial bacterin 11-34 days earlier into m. longissimus lumborum. the bacterin was composed of inactivated escherichia c ...	1995	7619907
analysis of strains of campylobacter fetus by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.	campylobacter fetus chromosomal dna from 21 strains was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. the fingerprint patterns generated with smai and sali were distinctive. using the profiles obtained by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, we established the phylogenetic dendrogram of c. fetus to identify the genetic relationship of the strains.	1995	7650215
a survey of campylobacter bacteremia in three danish counties, 1989 to 1994.	over a 5-year period (april 1989 to march 1994) bacteremia caused by campylobacter species was diagnosed in 15 patients in a population of 1.3 million in three counties in jutland province, denmark. the incidence was 0.2/100,000/year and the ratio of blood to fecal isolates, was 0.008. campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni accounted for 6 cases each, campylobacter fetus for 2, and in 1 case the species diagnosis was uncertain. seven patients were males and 8 females; median age was 42 (ran ...	1995	7660078
campylobacter fetus diarrhea in a hutterite colony: epidemiological observations and typing of the causative organism.	following a case of campylobacter fetus sepsis and meningitis in a 4-month-old female member of a hutterite colony, an epidemiological investigation revealed at least 18 cases of diarrhea in other members of the colony. c. fetus was isolated from 7 of 15 fecal samples submitted from affected persons. a case control study suggested that persons who worked in the abattoir were 2.03 times more likely to have had diarrhea, but none of the risk factors studied were significant. the epicurve of the ou ...	1994	7910829
[campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus in a patient with liver cirrhosis].	campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus infections are very rare in adults but can occur in immunocompromised elderly people and in patients with chronic disease. we describe the clinical case of a 52-year-old woman with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, where we isolated c.fetus subsp. fetus from blood culture.	1994	7927478
persistence of campylobacter fetus bacteremia associated with absence of opsonizing antibodies.	campylobacter fetus causes systemic infections in immunocompromised hosts. we describe a case in which c. fetus bacteremia apparently relapsed after 7 years in a patient with hypogammaglobulinemia and characterize the serum resistance of the patient's c. fetus strain and the inability of the patient's serum, with and without commercial intravenous immunoglobulin, to opsonize this and another c. fetus strain effectively. the probable presence of a sequestered site of infection in bone, the intrin ...	1994	7929763
persistence of campylobacter fetus subspecies venerealis in experimentally infected heifers.		1994	7941265
antimicrobial susceptibility of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus isolated from blood and synovial fluid.	campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus is a rare human pathogen, but can cause serious extraintestinal infections. effective antimicrobial agent is required for the therapy, but we have very limited knowledge on the susceptibility of the organism. in this study, the susceptibility of 25 isolates of the organism to 14 antimicrobial agents was tested by an agar dilution method. antimicrobial agents with low mic ranges, in micrograms/ml, were: meropenem < or = 0.25, dirithromycin < or = 0.5, gentamicin < ...	1994	7975740
prosthetic hip joint infection due to campylobacter fetus.		1994	7989567
campylobacter fetus endocarditis: two case reports and review.	we report two cases of campylobacter fetus endocarditis. the first case involved a bicuspid native aortic valve in a 60-year-old woman, and the second involved a prosthetic aortic valve in a 76-year-old woman. no source of infection was identified in either case. despite antibiotic therapy, hemodynamic deterioration necessitated valve replacement; both patients recovered completely. c. fetus is an uncommon cause of human infection but may be responsible for severe illnesses such as endocarditis ...	1994	8011832
studies on inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms in culture media and in bovine semen by photosensitive agents.	the application of three photosensitive agents for disinfection of bovine semen was investigated. bovine microbial pathogens suspended in tissue culture medium and/or pbs and also added to bovine semen were exposed to the photosensitive agents followed by irradiation. hematoporphyrin, hematoporphyrin derivative and thiopyronine were effective against bovine herpes virus-1, bovine viral diarrhoea virus, mycoplasma bovigenitalium, mycoplasma canadense, and ureaplasma diversum in culture media. in ...	1994	8017031
campylobacter fetus presenting as a septic pleural effusion: a case report.	the authors describe a rare case of campylobacter fetus occurring in a patient who showed no overt evidence of immune incompetence. the patient presented with severe cellulitis of the legs, a chronic low grade fever, and a history of recent exposure to sick calves.	1994	8051585
biochemical characterization of campylobacter fetus lipopolysaccharides.	lipopolysaccharides (lps) of five strains of the human and animal pathogen campylobacter fetus were electrophoretically and chemically characterized. analysis with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that all the strains produced smooth-form lps with o side chains of relatively constant chain length. upon extraction, lps partitioned into both the water and phenol phases of phenol-water extracts, which showed that two chemical species of lps were present in each c. fe ...	1994	8063409
septic abortion with intact fetal membranes caused by campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus.	we report a case of septic abortion with intact fetal membranes caused by campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus in an 18-year-old woman who was 9 1/2 weeks pregnant.	1994	8077416
evaluation of cultural methods and selective media for the isolation of campylobacter fetus subsp venerealis from cattle.		1994	8080409
[campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus endoaortitis on a bentall tube prosthesis. apropos of a case].	campylobacter fetus is a rare cause of endocarditis and endoaortitis: the authors believe this to be the second reported case of infection of an intracardiac prosthesis. the patient was a man who had already undergone replacement of the aortic valve and ascending aorta, and a gastrectomy, which were predisposing factors. the portal of entry was not found. the diagnosis was confirmed by positive blood cultures and transoesophageal echocardiography. the outcome was rapidly fatal despite antibiotic ...	1994	7771897
serum antibody response to the superficial and released components of helicobacter pylori.	superficial and released components were extracted from six selected helicobacter pylori strains. the protein and antigenic profiles of these extracts were representative of the profiles found most frequently among the clinical strains and included major peptidic fractions at 19, 23.5, 57, 68, 76, 118, and 132 kda and major antigens at 68, 57, and 23.5 kda. immuno-cross-reactions were seen with a hyperimmune rabbit serum to campylobacter fetus but not with sera to campylobacter jejuni or salmone ...	1994	7496968
[two cases of campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus sepsis].	we encountered two relatively rare cases of sepsis due to campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus (c. fetus). case 1. a 54-year-old female with abdominal polysurgery developed a slight fever and vomiting in august 1984. despite the administration of some digestive drugs by her family doctor, these symptoms continued. in mid-october, she was hospitalized with high fever with chill and rigor on the skin. on the third hospital day, c. fetus was detected in the blood culture. after combination chemotherapy ...	1994	8151152
good's syndrome with a block in the early stage of b cell differentiation and complicated by campylobacter fetus sepsis.	a 63-year-old man was admitted for campylobacter fetus sepsis and immunodeficiency syndrome with thymoma (good's syndrome). serological examination demonstrated hypoimmunoglobulinemia. analysis of lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood and bone marrow showed marked decreases in the proportion of cells bearing b cell markers. however, there were no abnormalities of cellular immunity. this is a rare case of good's syndrome in japan in which the pathogenic mechanism involved a block in the earl ...	1994	7803919
isolation of campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus from a gluteal abscess.		1994	7811889
[campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus in a patient with liver cirrhosis].		1994	7821945
[campylobacter fetus, an infrequent microbe, as a cause of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis].	campylobacter fetus has been implicated in the etiology of sepsis and bacteriemias in immunosupressed subjects. in a few cases, it has also been reported to be responsible for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients. we describe the clinical picture of a woman with terminal liver cirrhosis who had bacteriemia and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by this agent. we argue about the history of cleansing enemas and their probable role in the development of the infection. we st ...	1994	7848698
localization of the sapa gene on a physical map of campylobacter fetus chromosomal dna.	we constructed a physical map of campylobacter fetus tk(+) chromosomal dna digested by either smai, sali, or noti using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and southern hybridization data. the genome size of c. fetus tk(+) is 2016kb, larger than that reported by the others. to locate the sapa gene, which encodes the surface array protein (sap), on the physical map, we performed southern hybridizations with probes based on the conserved region of the sapa gene. the results showed that more than seve ...	1994	7872836
high-frequency s-layer protein variation in campylobacter fetus revealed by sapa mutagenesis.	campylobacter fetus utilizes paracrystalline surface (s-) layer proteins that confer complement resistance and that undergo antigenic variation to facilitate persistent mucosal colonization in ungulates. c. fetus possesses multiple homologues of sapa, each of which encode full-length s-layer proteins. disruption of sapa by a gene targeting method (insertion of kanamycin (km) resistance) caused the loss of c. fetus cells bearing full-length s-layer proteins and their replacement by cells bearing ...	1994	7885229
the association between antibody titres against campylobacter fetus and reproductive efficiency in dairy cattle.	the relationship between the antibody titres against campylobacter fetus and various indices of reproductive efficiency was studied in a cross-sectional study of 178 dairy cows from three california dairy herd improvement association herds. blood samples were collected from the lactating cows during december 1986. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to determine the antibody titres of the cow against campylobacter fetus, haemophilus somnus and leptospira hardjo and were classified as ei ...	1993	8212528
application of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for epidemiological studies of diseases of livestock in the tropics of mexico.	this study was conducted at the centre for research, teaching and extension in tropical livestock (centro de investigación, enseñanza y extensión en ganadería tropical) of the faculty of veterinary medicine of the national autonomous university of mexico. during the latter part of 1986 and throughout 1988 and 1989, the herd of holstein x zebu cattle at the university was tested for igg antibodies to twenty-one viral, bacterial, rickettsial and parasitic agents. antigens prepared from twenty infe ...	1993	8219327
granulomatous enteritis and campylobacter bacteremia in a horse.	a 10-month-old standard-bred colt was examined because of weight loss, fever, and extensive subcutaneous edema of the ventral aspects of its trunk. diagnosis of granulomatous enteritis was based on d-xylose malabsorption, hypoproteinemia, and rectal mucosal biopsy. campylobacter fetus subsp fetus was cultured from jugular venous blood when the horse was admitted to the hospital and 24 hours later. appropriate antimicrobial agents and glucocorticoids failed to effect clinical remission. after eut ...	1993	8226250
role of the s-layer proteins of campylobacter fetus in serum-resistance and antigenic variation: a model of bacterial pathogenesis.	campylobacter fetus are microaerophilic gram-negative bacteria that are pathogens of animals and humans. these organisms possess paracrystalline surface (s-) layers, composed of acidic high molecular weight proteins. c. fetus strains possessing s-layers are resistant to c3b binding, which explains both serum and phagocytosis-resistance. c. fetus strains also can vary the subunit protein size, crystalline structure, and antigenicity of the s-layer it expresses. therefore, its s-layer permits c. f ...	1993	8238090
failure of therapeutic vaccination of a bull infected with campylobacter fetus.		1993	8257318
the association between antibody titres against campylobacter fetus and milk production efficiency in dairy cattle.	the association between serological evidence of exposure to campylobacter fetus and milk production performance was studied in 178 lactating cows from three california dairy herd improvement association herds using a cross-sectional study design in december 1986. elisas were used to determine the antibody titres against campylobacter fetus, haemophilus somnus and leptospira hardjo, which were classified as either negative or positive. the status of a cow as negative or positive against c. fetus ...	1993	8284894
campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.		1993	8290011