Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| efficacy of a local-drug delivery gel containing extracts of quercus brantii and coriandrum sativum as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in moderate chronic periodontitis patients. | recent advances in the field of alternative medicine introduced various herbal products for the treatment of periodontitis. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of combined extracts from quercus brantii and coriandrum sativum on periodontal indices in adult periodontitis patients. | 2014 | 25114940 |
| comparative evaluation of the efficacy of two controlled release devices: chlorhexidine chips and indigenous curcumin based collagen as local drug delivery systems. | to comparatively evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of chlorhexidine (chx) chips (periocol-cg) and indigenous curcumin (cu) based collagen as adjuncts to scaling and root planning in the nonsurgical management of chronic periodontitis. | 2014 | 24963242 |
| discovery of a super-strong promoter enables efficient production of heterologous proteins in cyanobacteria. | cyanobacteria are oxygenic photosynthetic prokaryotes that play important roles in the global carbon cycle. recently, engineered cyanobacteria capable of producing various small molecules from co2 have been developed. however, cyanobacteria are seldom considered as factories for producing proteins, mainly because of the lack of efficient strong promoters. here, we report the discovery and verification of a super-strong promoter p(cpc560), which contains two predicted promoters and 14 predicted t ... | 2014 | 24675756 |
| phylogenetic and functional gene structure shifts of the oral microbiomes in periodontitis patients. | determining the composition and function of subgingival dental plaque is crucial to understanding human periodontal health and disease, but it is challenging because of the complexity of the interactions between human microbiomes and human body. here, we examined the phylogenetic and functional gene differences between periodontal and healthy individuals using miseq sequencing of 16s rrna gene amplicons and a specific functional gene array (a combination of geochip 4.0 for biogeochemical process ... | 2014 | 24671083 |
| biodegradation pattern and tissue integration of native and cross-linked porcine collagen soft tissue augmentation matrices - an experimental study in the rat. | within the last decades, collagen types i and iii have been established as a sufficient biomaterial for gbr and gtr procedures. they might also be an adequate matrix for soft tissue augmentations. however, collagen materials differ significantly regarding resorption time, biodegradation pattern and the invasion of inflammatory cells.the aim of the present study was to compare the biodegradation and tissue integration of native, differently processed and cross-linked collagen scaffolds in rats. | 2014 | 24670219 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis: major periodontopathic pathogen overview. | porphyromonas gingivalis is a gram-negative oral anaerobe that is involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and is a member of more than 500 bacterial species that live in the oral cavity. this anaerobic bacterium is a natural member of the oral microbiome, yet it can become highly destructive (termed pathobiont) and proliferate to high cell numbers in periodontal lesions: this is attributed to its arsenal of specialized virulence factors. the purpose of this review is to provide an overview ... | 2014 | 24741603 |
| periodontitis as a risk factor of atherosclerosis. | over the last two decades, the amount of evidence corroborating an association between dental plaque bacteria and coronary diseases that develop as a result of atherosclerosis has increased. these findings have brought a new aspect to the etiology of the disease. there are several mechanisms by which dental plaque bacteria may initiate or worsen atherosclerotic processes: activation of innate immunity, bacteremia related to dental treatment, and direct involvement of mediators activated by denta ... | 2014 | 24741613 |
| immuno-pathogenesis of periodontal disease: current and emerging paradigms. | periodontal disease (pd) is a highly complex disease involving many factors; however, two principal facets central to initiation and progression of the majority of pd are the composition of the microbes in the sub-gingival plaque, and the host immune response to these organisms. numerous studies point to the complexity of pd, and to the fact that despite innate and adaptive immune activation, and resultant inflammation, our immune response fails to cure disease. stunning new findings have begun ... | 2014 | 24839590 |
| atherosclerosis and alzheimer--diseases with a common cause? inflammation, oxysterols, vasculature. | aging is accompanied by increasing vulnerability to pathologies such as atherosclerosis (ath) and alzheimer disease (ad). are these different pathologies, or different presentations with a similar underlying pathoetiology? | 2014 | 24656052 |
| predictive modeling of gingivitis severity and susceptibility via oral microbiota. | predictive modeling of human disease based on the microbiota holds great potential yet remains challenging. here, 50 adults underwent controlled transitions from naturally occurring gingivitis, to healthy gingivae (baseline), and to experimental gingivitis (eg). in diseased plaque microbiota, 27 bacterial genera changed in relative abundance and functional genes including 33 flagellar biosynthesis-related groups were enriched. plaque microbiota structure exhibited a continuous gradient along the ... | 2014 | 24646694 |
| characterization of aid1, a novel gene involved in fusobacterium nucleatum interspecies interactions. | the oral opportunistic pathogen fusobacterium nucleatum is known to interact with a large number of different bacterial species residing in the oral cavity. it adheres to a variety of gram-positive bacteria, including oral streptococci via the arginine-inhibitable adhesin radd. in this study, we describe a novel protein encoded by the predicted open reading frame fn1253 that appears to play a role in interspecies interactions of f. nucleatum, particularly with oral streptococci and related gram- ... | 2014 | 24643713 |
| the role of oral pathobionts in dysbiosis during periodontitis development. | an emerging concept is the tight relationship between dysbiosis (microbiota imbalance) and disease. the increase in knowledge about alterations in microbial communities that reside within the host has made a strong impact not only on dental science, but also on immunology and microbiology as well as on our understanding of several diseases. periodontitis is a well-characterized human disease associated with dysbiosis, characterized by the accumulation of multiple bacteria that play individual an ... | 2014 | 24646638 |
| application of metagenomics in understanding oral health and disease. | oral diseases including periodontal disease and caries are some of the most prevalent infectious diseases in humans. different microbial species cohabitate and form a polymicrobial biofilm called dental plaque in the oral cavity. metagenomics using next generation sequencing technologies has produced bacterial profiles and genomic profiles to study the relationships between microbial diversity, genetic variation, and oral diseases. several oral metagenomic studies have examined the oral microbio ... | 2014 | 24642489 |
| bis-enoxacin blocks rat alveolar bone resorption from experimental periodontitis. | periodontal diseases are multifactorial, caused by polymicrobial subgingival pathogens, including porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia. chronic periodontal infection results in inflammation, destruction of connective tissues, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone resorption, and ultimately tooth loss. enoxacin and a bisphosphonate derivative of enoxacin (bis-enoxacin) inhibit osteoclast formation and bone resorption and also contain antibiotic properties. our ... | 2014 | 24638087 |
| functional diversity of the microbial community in healthy subjects and periodontitis patients based on sole carbon source utilization. | chronic periodontitis is one of the most common forms of biofilm-induced diseases. most of the recent studies were focus on the dental plaque microbial diversity and microbiomes. however, analyzing bacterial diversity at the taxonomic level alone limits deeper comprehension of the ecological relevance of the community. in this study, we compared the metabolic functional diversity of the microbial community in healthy subjects and periodontitis patients in a creative way--to assess the sole carbo ... | 2014 | 24632674 |
| community-wide transcriptome of the oral microbiome in subjects with and without periodontitis. | despite increasing knowledge on phylogenetic composition of the human microbiome, our understanding of the in situ activities of the organisms in the community and their interactions with each other and with the environment remains limited. characterizing gene expression profiles of the human microbiome is essential for linking the role of different members of the bacterial communities in health and disease. the oral microbiome is one of the most complex microbial communities in the human body a ... | 2014 | 24599074 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis and treponema denticola exhibit metabolic symbioses. | porphyromonas gingivalis and treponema denticola are strongly associated with chronic periodontitis. these bacteria have been co-localized in subgingival plaque and demonstrated to exhibit symbiosis in growth in vitro and synergistic virulence upon co-infection in animal models of disease. here we show that during continuous co-culture a p. gingivalis:t. denticola cell ratio of 6∶1 was maintained with a respective increase of 54% and 30% in cell numbers when compared with mono-culture. co-cultur ... | 2014 | 24603978 |
| xylitol, an anticaries agent, exhibits potent inhibition of inflammatory responses in human thp-1-derived macrophages infected with porphyromonas gingivalis. | xylitol is a well-known anticaries agent and has been used for the prevention and treatment of dental caries. in this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of xylitol are evaluated for possible use in the prevention and treatment of periodontal infections. | 2014 | 24592909 |
| crispr-cas systems for editing, regulating and targeting genomes. | targeted genome editing using engineered nucleases has rapidly gone from being a niche technology to a mainstream method used by many biological researchers. this widespread adoption has been largely fueled by the emergence of the clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeat (crispr) technology, an important new approach for generating rna-guided nucleases, such as cas9, with customizable specificities. genome editing mediated by these nucleases has been used to rapidly, easily and ... | 2014 | 24584096 |
| the influence of orthodontic fixed appliances on the oral microbiota: a systematic review. | to investigate whether there is scientific evidence to support the hypothesis that the presence of orthodontic fixed appliances influences the oral microbiota. | 2014 | 24945514 |
| comparative evaluation of subgingivally delivered xanthan-based chlorhexidine gel and herbal extract gel in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. | local drug delivery agents can effectively deliver the antimicrobial drugs in bactericidal concentration, and have shown improved clinical outcomes when used as an adjunct to mechanical therapy. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a xanthan-based chlorhexidine gel versus herbal extracts' gel as an adjunct to periodontal therapy in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. | 2014 | 24872624 |
| filifactor alocis infection and inflammatory responses in the mouse subcutaneous chamber model. | recent microbiome studies have implicated a role for filifactor alocis in periodontal disease. in this study, we investigated the colonization and survival properties of f. alocis in a mouse subcutaneous chamber model of infection and characterized host innate immune responses. an infection of 10(9) f. alocis successfully colonized all chambers; however, the infection was cleared after 72 h. f. alocis elicited a local inflammatory response with neutrophils recruited into the chambers at 2 h post ... | 2014 | 24379289 |
| bacteriological analysis of necrotic pulp and fistulae in primary teeth. | primary teeth work as guides for the eruption of permanent dentition, contribute for the development of the jaws, chewing process, preparing food for digestion, and nutrient assimilation. treatment of pulp necrosis in primary teeth is complex due to anatomical and physiological characteristics and high number of bacterial species present in endodontic infections. the bacterial presence alone or in association in necrotic pulp and fistula samples from primary teeth of boys and girls was evaluated ... | 2014 | 24676582 |
| both 25-hydroxyvitamin-d3 and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin-d3 reduces inflammatory response in human periodontal ligament cells. | periodontitis is an inflammatory disease leading to the destruction of periodontal tissue. vitamin d3 is an important hormone involved in the preservation of serum calcium and phosphate levels, regulation of bone metabolism and inflammatory response. recent studies suggest that vitamin d3 metabolism might play a role in the progression of periodontitis. the aim of the present study was to examine the effects of 25(oh)d3, which is stable form of vitamin d3 in blood, and biologically active form 1 ... | 2014 | 24587317 |
| computational prediction of the human-microbial oral interactome. | the oral cavity is a complex ecosystem where human chemical compounds coexist with a particular microbiota. however, shifts in the normal composition of this microbiota may result in the onset of oral ailments, such as periodontitis and dental caries. in addition, it is known that the microbial colonization of the oral cavity is mediated by protein-protein interactions (ppis) between the host and microorganisms. nevertheless, this kind of ppis is still largely undisclosed. to elucidate these int ... | 2014 | 24576332 |
| rankl expression in periodontal disease: where does rankl come from? | periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by periodontal pocket formation and alveolar bone resorption. periodontal bone resorption is induced by osteoclasts and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κb ligand (rankl) which is an essential and central regulator of osteoclast development and osteoclast function. therefore, rankl plays a critical role in periodontal bone resorption. in this review, we have summarized the sources of rankl in periodontal disease and explored which factor ... | 2014 | 24719884 |
| pathogens and host immunity in the ancient human oral cavity. | calcified dental plaque (dental calculus) preserves for millennia and entraps biomolecules from all domains of life and viruses. we report the first, to our knowledge, high-resolution taxonomic and protein functional characterization of the ancient oral microbiome and demonstrate that the oral cavity has long served as a reservoir for bacteria implicated in both local and systemic disease. we characterize (i) the ancient oral microbiome in a diseased state, (ii) 40 opportunistic pathogens, (iii) ... | 2014 | 24562188 |
| potential role of bacterial infection in autoimmune diseases: a new aspect of molecular mimicry. | molecular mimicry is an attractive mechanism for triggering autoimmunity. in this review, we explore the potential role of evolutionary conserved bacterial proteins in the production of autoantibodies with focus on granulomatosis with polyangiitis (gpa) and rheumatoid arthritis (ra). seven autoantigens characterized in gpa and ra were blasted against a bacterial protein database. of the seven autoantigens, proteinase 3, type ii collagen, binding immunoglobulin protein, glucose-6-phosphate isomer ... | 2014 | 24605075 |
| major membrane protein tde2508 regulates adhesive potency in treponema denticola. | the cultivation and genetic manipulation of treponema denticola, a gram-negative oral spirochaeta associated with periodontal diseases, is still challenging. in this study, we formulated a simple medium based on a commercially available one, and established a transformation method with high efficiency. we then analyzed proteins in a membrane fraction in t. denticola and identified 16 major membrane-associated proteins, and characterized one of them, tde2508, whose biological function was not yet ... | 2014 | 24586498 |
| crispr-based technologies: prokaryotic defense weapons repurposed. | to combat potentially deadly viral infections, prokaryotic microbes enlist small rna-based adaptive immune systems (crispr-cas systems) that protect through sequence-specific recognition and targeted destruction of viral nucleic acids (either dna or rna depending on the system). here, we summarize rapid progress made in redirecting the nuclease activities of these microbial immune systems to bind and cleave dna or rna targets of choice, by reprogramming the small guide rnas of the various crispr ... | 2014 | 24555991 |
| subgingival periodontal pathogens associated with chronic periodontitis in yemenis. | subgingival microbial profile associated with periodontitis has been reported to significantly differ by geographical location. the purpose of this study was to assess the association between a panel of putative periodontal bacterial pathogens and chronic periodontitis among yemenis. | 2014 | 24548674 |
| single cell genomics of uncultured, health-associated tannerella bu063 (oral taxon 286) and comparison to the closely related pathogen tannerella forsythia. | the uncultivated bacterium tannerella bu063 (oral taxon 286) is the closest relative to the periodontal pathogen tannerella forsythia, but is not disease-associated itself. using a single cell genomics approach, we isolated 12 individual bu063 cells by flow cytometry, and we amplified and sequenced their genomes. comparative analyses of the assembled genomic scaffolds and their gene contents allowed us to study the diversity of this taxon within the oral community of a single human donor that pr ... | 2014 | 24551246 |
| hydrogen sulfide signaling in the gastrointestinal tract. | the current literature regarding the effects of the gaseous signal molecule hydrogen sulfide (h2s) in the gastrointestinal system is reviewed. bacterial, host and pharmaceutical-derived h2s are all considered and presented according to the physiological or pathophysiological effects of the gaseous signal molecule. these subjects include the toxicology of intestinal h2s with emphasis on bacterial-derived h2s, especially from sulfate-reducing bacteria, the role of endogenous and exogenous h2s in i ... | 2014 | 23582008 |
| effect of oral administration involving a probiotic strain of lactobacillus reuteri on pro-inflammatory cytokine response in patients with chronic periodontitis. | this study aimed at evaluation of pro-inflammatory cytokine response (tnf-α, il-1β and il-17) in patients with chronic periodontitis administered per os with a probiotic strain of lactobacillus reuteri. in the 38 adult patients with moderate chronic periodontitis, professional cleaning of teeth was performed. two weeks after performing the oral hygienization procedures, clinical examination permitted to distinguish a group of 24 patients (group 1) in whom treatment with probiotic tablets contain ... | 2014 | 24509697 |
| looking in the porphyromonas gingivalis cabinet of curiosities: the microbium, the host and cancer association. | the past decades of biomedical research have yielded massive evidence for the contribution of the microbiome in the development of a variety of chronic human diseases. there is emerging evidence that porphyromonas gingivalis, a well-adapted opportunistic pathogen of the oral mucosa and prominent constituent of oral biofilms, best known for its involvement in periodontitis, may be an important mediator in the development of a number of multifactorial and seemingly unrelated chronic diseases, such ... | 2014 | 24506890 |
| transcriptional responses of treponema denticola to other oral bacterial species. | the classic organization by socransky and coworkers categorized the oral bacteria of the subgingival plaque into different complexes. treponema denticola, porphyromonas gingivalis and tannerella forsythia are grouped into the red complex that is highly correlated with periodontal disease. socransky's work closely associates red with orange complex species such as fusobacterium nucleatum and prevotella intermedia but not with members of the other complexes. while the relationship between species ... | 2014 | 24505483 |
| inflammatory and immune pathways in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. | the pathogenesis of periodontitis involves a complex immune/inflammatory cascade that is initiated by the bacteria of the oral biofilm that forms naturally on the teeth. the susceptibility to periodontitis appears to be determined by the host response; specifically, the magnitude of the inflammatory response and the differential activation of immune pathways. the purpose of this review was to delineate our current knowledge of the host response in periodontitis. the role of innate immunity, the ... | 2014 | 24320956 |
| topical treatment with probiotic lactobacillus brevis cd2 inhibits experimental periodontal inflammation and bone loss. | an increasing body of evidence suggests that the use of probiotic bacteria is a promising intervention approach for the treatment of inflammatory diseases with a polymicrobial etiology. the objective of this study was to determine whether lactobacillus brevis cd2 could inhibit periodontal inflammation and bone loss in experimental periodontitis. | 2014 | 24483135 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis lipid a phosphatase activity is critical for colonization and increasing the commensal load in the rabbit ligature model. | periodontitis is a disease of polymicrobial etiology characterized by inflammation, degradation of host tissue, and bone that irreversibly destroys the supporting apparatus of teeth. porphyromonas gingivalis contains lipid a with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth. we examined two p. gingivalis lipid a phosphatase mutants which ... | 2014 | 24478080 |
| functional screening and in vitro analysis reveal thioesterases with enhanced substrate specificity profiles that improve short-chain fatty acid production in escherichia coli. | short-chain fatty acid (scfa) biosynthesis is pertinent to production of biofuels, industrial compounds, and pharmaceuticals from renewable resources. to expand on escherichia coli scfa products, we previously implemented a coenzyme a (coa)-dependent pathway that condenses acetyl-coa to a diverse group of short-chain fatty acyl-coas. to increase product titers and reduce premature pathway termination products, we conducted in vivo and in vitro analyses to understand and improve the specificity o ... | 2014 | 24271180 |
| composition and development of oral bacterial communities. | the oral bacterial microbiome encompasses approximately 700 commonly occurring phylotypes, approximately half of which can be present at any time in any individual. these bacteria are largely indigenous to the oral cavity; this limited habitat range suggests that interactions between the various phylotypes, and between the phylotypes and their environment, are crucial for their existence. molecular cataloging has confirmed many basic observations on the composition of the oral microbiome that we ... | 2014 | 24320954 |
| inhibitory activity of salvadora persica extracts against oral bacterial strains associated with periodontitis: an in-vitro study. | the use of natural plant extracts in pharmacology, medicine and dental hygiene has found a growing interest in modern scientific research. salvadora persica is a natural tree whose fibrous branches have been approved by the world health organization for oral hygiene. periodontitis is a highly prevalent adult gingival disease that leads to bone destruction and connective tissue attachment loss. the aim of this research was assessment the antimicrobial activities of methanolic extract of salvadora ... | 2014 | 25737914 |
| chair-side quantitative oral-microflora screening for assessing familial correlation of periodontal status and caries prevalence. | our goal was to investigate the relationship between clinical status and the presence of carious or periodontal pathogens among parent-child familial pairs. clinical practices of risk assessment with consideration of familial pathogen interaction might reduce the need for therapy, improve patient outcomes, and ultimately reduce oral disease burden. | 2014 | 24498022 |
| in vitro-activity of oily calcium hydroxide suspension on microorganisms as well as on human alveolar osteoblasts and periodontal ligament fibroblasts. | findings from animal and human studies have indicated that an oily calcium hydroxide suspension (ochs) may improve early wound healing in the treatment of periodontitis. calcium hydroxide as the main component is well known for its antimicrobial activity, however at present the effect of ochs on the influence of periodontal wound healing/regeneration is still very limited. the purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of ochs on periodontopathogenic bacteria as well as on the ... | 2014 | 24475753 |
| the personal human oral microbiome obscures the effects of treatment on periodontal disease. | periodontitis is a progressive disease of the periodontium with a complex, polymicrobial etiology. recent next-generation sequencing (ngs) studies of the microbial diversity associated with periodontitis have revealed strong, community-level differences in bacterial assemblages associated with healthy or diseased periodontal sites. in this study, we used ngs approaches to characterize changes in periodontal pocket bacterial diversity after standard periodontal treatment. despite consistent chang ... | 2014 | 24489772 |
| periodontal disease bacteria specific to tonsil in iga nephropathy patients predicts the remission by the treatment. | immunoglobulin (ig)a nephropathy (igan) is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis in the world. some bacteria were reported to be the candidate of the antigen or the pathogenesis of igan, but systematic analysis of bacterial flora in tonsil with igan has not been reported. moreover, these bacteria specific to igan might be candidate for the indicator which can predict the remission of igan treated by the combination of tonsillectomy and steroid pulse. | 2014 | 24489644 |
| the link between periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis: an updated review. | porphyromonas gingivalis is a leading pathogen in chronic periodontitis, a disease process involving progressive destruction of the tissues that support the teeth. recently, the organism has been reported to produce a unique bacterial enzyme, p. gingivalis peptidyl-arginine deiminase (ppad), which has the ability to convert arginine residues in proteins to citrulline. protein citrullination alters protein structure and function; hence, ppad may be involved in deregulation of the host's signallin ... | 2014 | 24458478 |
| effects of tongue cleaning on bacterial flora in tongue coating and dental plaque: a crossover study. | the effects of tongue cleaning on reconstruction of bacterial flora in dental plaque and tongue coating itself are obscure. we assessed changes in the amounts of total bacteria as well as fusobacterium nucleatum in tongue coating and dental plaque specimens obtained with and without tongue cleaning. | 2014 | 24423407 |
| emerging roles of immunostimulatory oral bacteria in periodontitis development. | periodontitis is a common dental disease which results in irreversible alveolar bone loss around teeth, and subsequent tooth loss. previous studies have focused on bacteria that damage the host and the roles of commensals to facilitate their colonization. although some immune responses targeting oral bacteria protect the host from alveolar bone loss, recent studies show that particular host defense responses to oral bacteria can induce alveolar bone loss. host-damaging and immunostimulatory oral ... | 2014 | 24433922 |
| posttranscriptional regulation of oral bacterial adaptive responses. | within the past 10 years, it has become increasingly evident that posttranscriptional regulation is among the most important mechanisms used by bacteria to modulate gene expression in response to environmental perturbations. posttranscriptional mechanisms provide a much faster response and lower energy burden compared to most transcription regulatory pathways and they have the unique advantage that they can override existing transcriptional responses once the environment changes. because of this ... | 2014 | 24695639 |
| dental calculus is associated with death from heart infarction. | we studied whether the amount of dental calculus is associated with death from heart infarction in the dental infection-atherosclerosis paradigm. | 2014 | 24511535 |
| association between hypertension and periodontitis: possible mechanisms. | this review is to examine the current literatures on the relationship between periodontitis and hypertension as well as to explore the possible biological pathways underlying the linkage between these health conditions. hypertension is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction are among the critical components in the development of hypertension. inflammation has received much attention recently and may contribute to a pivotal role in ... | 2014 | 24526921 |
| calculus detection technologies: where do we stand now? | epidemiological studies have implicated dental calculus as an ideal substrate for subgingival microbial colonization. therefore, the main objective of periodontal therapy is to eliminate the microbial biofilm along with the calculus deposits from the root surface by root surface debridement. over the past years, a large number of clinical and laboratory studies have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy of calculus removal by various methods. none of these conventional methods or devices was e ... | 2014 | 25870667 |
| clinical evaluation of salivary periodontal pathogen levels by real-time polymerase chain reaction in patients before dental implant treatment. | periodontal pathogens in dental plaque are the main causative agents of periodontitis and peri-implantitis. detection of the presence of such periodontal pathogens early would serve as a useful tool in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the periodontal pathogen levels in saliva were correlated with the periodontal status of patients receiving implant treatment. | 2014 | 23745964 |
| microbiome and mucosal inflammation as extra-articular triggers for rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmunity. | despite the progress toward understanding the molecular pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (ra), its cause remains elusive. genes are important but rather insufficient to explain the majority of ra cases. this review describes the novel data supporting the microbiome and its interactions with the human host as potential en('in')vironmental factors in ra pathogenesis. | 2014 | 24247114 |
| microbial role in periodontitis: have we reached the top? some unsung bacteria other than red complex. | the microbial etiology of periodontal disease has been the focus of researchers for a long time. the search for the pathogens of periodontal diseases has been underway for more than 100 years, and continues up today. despite the increasing knowledge about oral microbiota, we are not able to implicate any one particular organism that can be considered as a candidate pathogen. in fact the term "candidate pathogen" has lost its steam with a myriad of microorganisms being incriminated from time to t ... | 2014 | 24744537 |
| activation of nlrp3 and aim2 inflammasomes by porphyromonas gingivalis infection. | porphyromonas gingivalis, a major periodontopathogen, is involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. interleukin-1β (il-1β), a proinflammatory cytokine, regulates innate immune responses and is critical for the host defense against bacterial infection. however, excessive il-1β is linked to periodontal destruction. il-1β synthesis, maturation, and secretion are tightly regulated by toll-like receptor (tlr) signaling and inflammasome activation. we found much higher levels of inflammasome compo ... | 2014 | 24126516 |
| oral bacterial communities in individuals with type 2 diabetes who live in southern thailand. | type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasingly common in thailand and elsewhere. in the present investigation, the bacteriological composition of saliva and supragingival plaque in thai diabetics with and without active dental caries and in nondiabetics was determined by differential culture and eubacterial dna profiling. potential associations between fasting blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin (biomarkers of current and historical glucose control, respectively) with decayed, missing, and filled ... | 2014 | 24242241 |
| acquisition of oral microbes and associated systemic responses of newborn nonhuman primates. | the acquisition and development of the complex oral microbiome remain ill defined. while selected species of oral bacteria have been examined in relation to their initial colonization in neonates, a more detailed understanding of the dynamics of the microbiome has been developed only in adults. the current investigation used a nonhuman primate model to document the kinetics of colonization of the oral cavities of newborns and infants by a range of oral commensals and pathogens. differences in co ... | 2014 | 24173024 |
| oxantel disrupts polymicrobial biofilm development of periodontal pathogens. | bacterial pathogens commonly associated with chronic periodontitis are the spirochete treponema denticola and the gram-negative, proteolytic species porphyromonas gingivalis and tannerella forsythia. these species rely on complex anaerobic respiration of amino acids, and the anthelmintic drug oxantel has been shown to inhibit fumarate reductase (frd) activity in some pathogenic bacteria and inhibit p. gingivalis homotypic biofilm formation. here, we demonstrate that oxantel inhibited p. gingival ... | 2014 | 24165189 |
| molecular identification and functional characterization of the human colonic thiamine pyrophosphate transporter. | colonic microbiota synthesize a considerable amount of thiamine in the form of thiamine pyrophosphate (tpp). recent functional studies from our laboratory have shown the existence of a specific, high-affinity, and regulated carrier-mediated uptake system for tpp in human colonocytes. nothing, however, is known about the molecular identity of this system. here we report on the molecular identification of the colonic tpp uptake system as the product of the slc44a4 gene. we cloned the cdna of slc44 ... | 2014 | 24379411 |
| molecular identification and functional characterization of the human colonic thiamine pyrophosphate transporter. | colonic microbiota synthesize a considerable amount of thiamine in the form of thiamine pyrophosphate (tpp). recent functional studies from our laboratory have shown the existence of a specific, high-affinity, and regulated carrier-mediated uptake system for tpp in human colonocytes. nothing, however, is known about the molecular identity of this system. here we report on the molecular identification of the colonic tpp uptake system as the product of the slc44a4 gene. we cloned the cdna of slc44 ... | 2014 | 24379411 |
| local drug delivery agents as adjuncts to endodontic and periodontal therapy. | in the treatment of intracanal and periodontal infections, the local application of antibiotics and other therapeutic agents in the root canal or in periodontal pockets may be a promising approach to achieve sustained/controlled drug release, high antimicrobial activity and low systemic side effects. the conventional method for the elimination of subgingival microbial infection includes mechanical debridement, irrigation with antimicrobial agents or surgical access. but, the effectiveness of con ... | 2013 | 24868252 |
| changes in clinical and microbiological periodontal profiles relate to progression of carotid intima-media thickness: the oral infections and vascular disease epidemiology study. | no prospective studies exist on the relationship between change in periodontal clinical and microbiological status and progression of carotid atherosclerosis. | 2013 | 24166489 |
| crevicular fluid biomarkers and periodontal disease progression. | assess the ability of a panel of gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) biomarkers as predictors of periodontal disease progression (pdp). | 2013 | 24303954 |
| crevicular fluid biomarkers and periodontal disease progression. | assess the ability of a panel of gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) biomarkers as predictors of periodontal disease progression (pdp). | 2013 | 24303954 |
| interleukin-8 responses of multi-layer gingival epithelia to subgingival biofilms: role of the "red complex" species. | periodontitis is an infectious inflammatory disease that results in the destruction of the tooth-supporting (periodontal) tissues. the gram-negative anaerobic species porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia and treponema denticola, (also known as the "red complex" species) are highly associated with subgingival biofilms at periodontitis-affected sites. a major chemokine produced by the gingival epithelium in response to biofilm challenge, is interleukin (il)-8. the aim of this in vitro st ... | 2013 | 24339946 |
| biochemical and molecular characterization of treponema phagedenis-like spirochetes isolated from a bovine digital dermatitis lesion. | bovine papillomatous digital dermatitis (dd) is the leading cause of lameness in dairy cattle and represents a serious welfare and economic burden. found primarily in high production dairy cattle worldwide, dd is characterized by the development of an often painful red, raw ulcerative or papillomatous lesion frequently located near the interdigital cleft and above the bulbs of the heel. while the exact etiology is unknown, several spirochete species have been isolated from lesion material. four ... | 2013 | 24304812 |
| impact of early colonizers on in vitro subgingival biofilm formation. | the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of early colonizing species on the structure and the composition of the bacterial community developing in a subgingival 10-species biofilm model system. the model included streptococcus oralis, streptococcus anginosus, actinomycesoris, fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum, veillonella dispar, campylobacter rectus, prevotella intermedia, porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola. based on literature, we consider ... | 2013 | 24340084 |
| application of a diode laser in the reduction of targeted periodontal pathogens. | periodontal disease belongs to a group of diseases with more than one cause, it is a disease of a multifactorial etiology. although bacteria are the main cause of the disease, immunoinflammatory reaction of the host is responsible for the majority of destructive changes in periodontal tissue. the main issue in the evaluation of the success of periodontal therapy is the pluralism of the bacteria and their dynamic changes during the duration, on the one hand, and the possible inaccuracy of classic ... | 2013 | 24554796 |
| periodontitis and buerger's disease: recent advances. | buerger's disease (bd) is a relatively rare thrombotic, occlusive and non-atherosclerotic clinical syndrome of unknown etiology. in recent years, numerous epidemiological studies confirmed the strong association between chronic anaerobic periodontal infection and development of cardiovascular diseases, including bd. therefore, the aim of this study is to clarify association between periodontal pathogens and buerger's disease. confirmation of presence and identification of periopathogens in patie ... | 2013 | 24554799 |
| characterization of three novel adhesins of leptospira interrogans. | we report cloning, expression, purification, and characterization of three predicted leptospiral membrane proteins (lic11360, lic11009, and lic11975). in silico analysis and proteinase k accessibility data suggest that these proteins might be surface exposed. we show that proteins encoded by lic11360, lic11009 and lic11975 genes interact with laminin in a dose-dependent and saturable manner. the proteins are referred to as leptospiral surface adhesions 23, 26, and 36 (lsa23, lsa26, and lsa36), r ... | 2013 | 23958908 |
| emerging roles of the microbiome in cancer. | gene-environment interactions underlie cancer susceptibility and progression. yet, we still have limited knowledge of which environmental factors are important and how they function during tumorigenesis. in this respect, the microbial communities that inhabit our gastrointestinal tract and other body sites have been unappreciated until recently. however, our microbiota are environmental factors that we are exposed to continuously, and human microbiome studies have revealed significant difference ... | 2013 | 24302613 |
| emerging roles of the microbiome in cancer. | gene-environment interactions underlie cancer susceptibility and progression. yet, we still have limited knowledge of which environmental factors are important and how they function during tumorigenesis. in this respect, the microbial communities that inhabit our gastrointestinal tract and other body sites have been unappreciated until recently. however, our microbiota are environmental factors that we are exposed to continuously, and human microbiome studies have revealed significant difference ... | 2013 | 24302613 |
| haplotype analysis of interleukin-8 gene polymorphisms in chronic and aggressive periodontitis. | periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by connective tissue loss and alveolar bone destruction. interleukin-8 (il8) is important in the regulation of the immune response. the aim of this study was to analyze four polymorphisms in the il8 gene in relation to chronic (cp) and aggressive (agp) periodontitis. | 2013 | 24368875 |
| microbiological tests to identify a link between periodontitis and acute myocardial infarction-an original research. | gingival and periodontal diseases are associated with specific bacterial infections. the main aim of the study was to know whether the periodontitis is associated with an increased risk for acute myocardial infarction (ami) and to know the distribution of porphyromonas gingivalis in patients with acute myocardial infarction associated with chronic periodontitis and acute myocardial infarction groups. | 2013 | 25848510 |
| periodontal treatment downregulates protease-activated receptor 2 in human gingival crevicular fluid cells. | protease-activated receptor 2 (par2) is implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis; it can be activated by gingipain and produced by porphyromonas gingivalis and by neutrophil protease 3 (p3). par2 activation plays a relevant role in inflammatory processes by inducing the release of important inflammatory mediators associated with periodontal breakdown. the effects of periodontal treatment on par2 expression and its association with levels of proinfl ... | 2013 | 24042113 |
| patient-specific analysis of periodontal and peri-implant microbiomes. | periodontally involved teeth have been implicated as 'microbial reservoirs' in the etiology of peri-implant diseases. therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to use a deep-sequencing approach to identify the degree of congruence between adjacent peri-implant and periodontal microbiomes in states of health and disease. subgingival and peri-implant biofilm samples were collected from 81 partially edentulous individuals with periodontal and peri-implant health and disease. bacterial dna wa ... | 2013 | 24158341 |
| smoking-related cotinine levels and host responses in chronic periodontitis. | smoking has been reported to increase the risk of periodontal disease by disrupting the balance of immune responses and tissue repair processes; however, this risk varies among smokers. cotinine levels in saliva are routinely used to measure the level of smoking, and reflect the quantity of nicotine, and other smoking-related xenobiotics that challenge host systems. this study delineated characteristics of inflammatory mediators in saliva and serum antibody responses to both periodontal pathogen ... | 2013 | 24283398 |
| smoking-related cotinine levels and host responses in chronic periodontitis. | smoking has been reported to increase the risk of periodontal disease by disrupting the balance of immune responses and tissue repair processes; however, this risk varies among smokers. cotinine levels in saliva are routinely used to measure the level of smoking, and reflect the quantity of nicotine, and other smoking-related xenobiotics that challenge host systems. this study delineated characteristics of inflammatory mediators in saliva and serum antibody responses to both periodontal pathogen ... | 2013 | 24283398 |
| high incidence of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans infection in patients with cerebral infarction and diabetic renal failure: a cross-sectional study. | recent epidemiological studies suggest that periodontitis is a major risk factor for renal failure and cerebral infarction. the aim of this study was to evaluate the association among periodontitis, renal failure, and cerebral infarction, focusing on microbiological and immunological features. | 2013 | 24267704 |
| clinical trial subjects: "panning gold". | 2013 | 24350222 | |
| the gastrointestinal microbiome and musculoskeletal diseases: a beneficial role for probiotics and prebiotics. | natural medicines are an attractive option for patients diagnosed with common and debilitating musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoarthritis (oa) or rheumatoid arthritis (ra). the high rate of self-medication with natural products is due to (1) lack of an available cure and (2) serious adverse events associated with chronic use of pharmaceutical medications in particular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) and high dose paracetamol. pharmaceuticals to treat pain may disrupt gastroin ... | 2013 | 25437335 |
| genetic mapping in papillon-lefèvre syndrome: a report of two cases. | papillon-lefevre syndrome (pls) is a rare autosomal recessive heterogeneous trait which is characterized by erythematous palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, early-onset periodontitis, and associated calcification of dura mater. the etiology of pls is multifactorial with genetic, immunological, and microbial factors playing a role in etiopathogenesis. recently identified genetic defect in pls has been mapped to chromosome 11q14-q21, which involves mutations of cathepsin c. this paper presents a report o ... | 2013 | 24303219 |
| characterizing the s-layer structure and anti-s-layer antibody recognition on intact tannerella forsythia cells by scanning probe microscopy and small angle x-ray scattering. | tannerella forsythia is among the most potent triggers of periodontal diseases, and approaches to understand underlying mechanisms are currently intensively pursued. a ~22-nm-thick, 2d crystalline surface (s-) layer that completely covers tannerella forsythia cells is crucially involved in the bacterium-host cross-talk. the s-layer is composed of two intercalating glycoproteins (tfsa-gp, tfsb-gp) that are aligned into a periodic lattice. to characterize this unique s-layer structure at the nanom ... | 2013 | 24089361 |
| bacteremia following scaling and root planing: a clinico-microbiological study. | bacteremia frequently occurs after treatment procedures such as extractions, scaling, root planing, periodontal surgery. there is currently significant interest in the possibility that bacteremia with oral bacteria may play role in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. there are well-conducted studies that have determined the frequency of passage of periodontal microorganisms to the bloodstream after periodontal treatment. there is scarce information related to the incidence of periodontopathic micro ... | 2013 | 24554880 |
| prevelance of periodontopathogenic bacteria in subgingival biofilm and atherosclerotic plaques of patients undergoing coronary revascularization surgery. | the objective of the present study was to detect the presence of specific periodontopathogenic bacteria in the coronary plaque of patients with coronary artery disease and to find out the significant association between the periodontal status and the presence of pathogenic bacteria in the coronary plaque. | 2013 | 24554879 |
| metabolic proximity in the order of colonization of a microbial community. | microbial biofilms are often composed of multiple bacterial species that accumulate by adhering to a surface and to each other. biofilms can be resistant to antibiotics and physical stresses, posing unresolved challenges in the fight against infectious diseases. it has been suggested that early colonizers of certain biofilms could cause local environmental changes, favoring the aggregation of subsequent organisms. here we ask whether the enzyme content of different microbes in a well-characteriz ... | 2013 | 24204896 |
| immunomicrobial pathogenesis of periodontitis: keystones, pathobionts, and host response. | recent studies have uncovered novel mechanisms underlying the breakdown of periodontal host-microbe homeostasis, which can precipitate dysbiosis and periodontitis in susceptible hosts. dysbiotic microbial communities of keystone pathogens and pathobionts are thought to exhibit synergistic virulence whereby not only can they endure the host response but can also thrive by exploiting tissue-destructive inflammation, which fuels a self-feeding cycle of escalating dysbiosis and inflammatory bone los ... | 2013 | 24269668 |
| immunomicrobial pathogenesis of periodontitis: keystones, pathobionts, and host response. | recent studies have uncovered novel mechanisms underlying the breakdown of periodontal host-microbe homeostasis, which can precipitate dysbiosis and periodontitis in susceptible hosts. dysbiotic microbial communities of keystone pathogens and pathobionts are thought to exhibit synergistic virulence whereby not only can they endure the host response but can also thrive by exploiting tissue-destructive inflammation, which fuels a self-feeding cycle of escalating dysbiosis and inflammatory bone los ... | 2013 | 24269668 |
| protein-linked glycans in periodontal bacteria: prevalence and role at the immune interface. | protein modification with complex glycans is increasingly being recognized in many pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria, and is now thought to be central to the successful life-style of those species in their respective hosts. this review aims to convey current knowledge on the extent of protein glycosylation in periodontal pathogenic bacteria and its role in the modulation of the host immune responses. the available data show that surface glycans of periodontal bacteria orchestrate dendritic ... | 2013 | 24146665 |
| determination of periodontopathogens in patients with cri du chat syndrome. | cri du chat syndrome is a genetic alteration associated with some oral pathologies. however, it has not been described previously any clinical relationship between the periodontal disease and the syndrome. the purpose of this comparative study was to compare periodontopathogenic flora in a group with cri du chat syndrome and another without the síndrome, to assess a potential microbiological predisposition to suffer a periodontitis. | 2013 | 24121919 |
| effect of nadir cd4+ t cell count on clinical measures of periodontal disease in hiv+ adults before and during immune reconstitution on haart. | the contribution of hiv-infection to periodontal disease (pd) is poorly understood. we proposed that immunological markers would be associated with improved clinical measures of pd. | 2013 | 24146949 |
| microbial changes in subgingival plaque and polymicrobial intracellular flora in buccal cells after fixed orthodontic appliance therapy: a preliminary study. | the oral ecosystem is strictly related to a balance maintained by specific niches recognized as sites, where oral bacteria can metabolize avoiding the immune system response. the oral bacteria species that colonize the ecological niches vary during fixed orthodontic treatment, with a prevalence of periodontal bacterial species. qualitative analysis of five periodontal pathogens was used to investigate the microbial colonization rate in the crevice and buccal epithelial cells. the presence of ina ... | 2013 | 24223591 |
| variations in inflammatory genes are associated with periodontitis. | periodontitis is a multi-factorial disease and several risk-factors such as infections, inflammatory responses, oral hygiene, smoke, aging and individual predisposition are involved in the disease. pathogens trigger chronic inflammation with cytokines release which in turn leads to the destruction of the connective and the teeth supporting bone. the identification of genetic factors controlling oral inflammation may increase our understanding of genetic predisposition to periodontitis.single nuc ... | 2013 | 24274085 |
| salivary biomarkers: toward future clinical and diagnostic utilities. | the pursuit of timely, cost-effective, accurate, and noninvasive diagnostic methodologies is an endeavor of urgency among clinicians and scientists alike. detecting pathologies at their earliest stages can significantly affect patient discomfort, prognosis, therapeutic intervention, survival rates, and recurrence. diagnosis and monitoring often require painful invasive procedures such as biopsies and repeated blood draws, adding undue stress to an already unpleasant experience. the discovery of ... | 2013 | 24092855 |
| acrylyl-coenzyme a reductase, an enzyme involved in the assimilation of 3-hydroxypropionate by rhodobacter sphaeroides. | the anoxygenic phototroph rhodobacter sphaeroides uses 3-hydroxypropionate as a sole carbon source for growth. previously, we showed that the gene (rsp_1434) known as acui, which encodes a protein of the medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (mdr) superfamily, was involved in 3-hydroxypropionate assimilation via the reductive conversion to propionyl-coenzyme a (coa). based on these results, we speculated that acui encoded acrylyl-coa reductase. in this work, we characterize the in vitro enzyme ac ... | 2013 | 23955006 |
| defensins and ll-37: a review of function in the gingival epithelium. | antimicrobial peptides represent an important aspect of the innate defense system that contributes to the control of bacterial colonization and infection. as studies have progressed it has become clear that antimicrobial peptides manifest other functions in addition to their antimicrobial effects. these functions include chemotaxis of numerous types of host cells involved in both the innate and adaptive immune responses. in this review, the antimicrobial activity, the regulation and the contribu ... | 2013 | 23931055 |
| orthogonal cas9 proteins for rna-guided gene regulation and editing. | the cas9 protein from the streptococcus pyogenes crispr-cas acquired immune system has been adapted for both rna-guided genome editing and gene regulation in a variety of organisms, but it can mediate only a single activity at a time within any given cell. here we characterize a set of fully orthogonal cas9 proteins and demonstrate their ability to mediate simultaneous and independently targeted gene regulation and editing in bacteria and in human cells. we find that cas9 orthologs display consi ... | 2013 | 24076762 |
| the lysine gingipain adhesin domains from porphyromonas gingivalis interact with erythrocytes and albumin: structures correlate to function. | the crystal structure of the k1 domain, an adhesin module of the lysine gingipain (kgp) expressed on the cell surface by the periodontopathic anaerobic bacterium, porphyromonas gingivalis w83, is compared to the previously determined structures of homologues k2 and k3, all three being representative members of the cleaved adhesin domain family. in the structure of k1, the conformation of the most extensive surface loop is unexpectedly perturbed, perhaps by crystal packing, and is displaced from ... | 2013 | 24265933 |