Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| rice phloem thioredoxin h has the capacity to mediate its own cell-to-cell transport through plasmodesmata. | rice (oryza sativa l.) phloem sieve tubes contain rpp13-1, a thioredoxin h protein that moves around the plant via the translocation stream. such phloem-mobile proteins are thought to be synthesized in the companion cells prior to being transferred, through plasmodesmata, to the enucleate sieve-tube members. in this study, in-situ hybridization experiments confirmed that expression of rpp13-1 is restricted to companion cells within the mature phloem. to test the hypothesis that rpp13-1 enters th ... | 1998 | 9599802 |
| characterization of su1 isoamylase, a determinant of storage starch structure in maize. | function of the maize (zea mays) gene sugary1 (su1) is required for normal starch biosynthesis in endosperm. homozygous su1- mutant endosperms accumulate a highly branched polysaccharide, phytoglycogen, at the expense of the normal branched component of starch, amylopectin. these data suggest that both branched polysaccharides share a common precursor, and that the product of the su1 gene, designated su1, participates in kernel starch biosynthesis. su1 is similar in sequence to alpha-(1-->6) glu ... | 1998 | 9625695 |
| rice (oryza sativa) centromeric regions consist of complex dna. | rice bacterial artificial chromosome clones containing centromeric dna were isolated by using a dna sequence (psau3a9) that is present in the centromeres of gramineae species. seven distinct repetitive dna elements were isolated from a 75-kilobase rice bacterial artificial chromosome clone. all seven dna elements are present in every rice centromere as demonstrated by fluorescence in situ hybridization. six of the elements are middle repetitive, and their copy numbers range from approximately 50 ... | 1998 | 9653153 |
| characterization of the rice pathogen-related protein rir1a and regulation of the corresponding gene. | in rice (oryza sativa l.), local acquired resistance against pyricularia oryzae (cav.), the causal agent of rice blast, can be induced by a preinoculation with the non-host pathogen pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. we have cloned a cdna (rir1a) and a closely related gene (rir1b) corresponding to transcripts that accumulate in leaf tissue upon inoculation with p. syringae pv. syringae. the cdna encodes a putative 107 amino acid protein, rir1a, that exhibits a putative signal peptide cleavage si ... | 1998 | 9747803 |
| physical mapping of duplicated genomic regions of two chromosome ends in rice. | two genomic regions duplicated in distal ends of the short arms of chromosomes 11 and 12 in rice (oryza sativa l.) were characterized by yac ordering with 46 genetic markers. physical maps covering most of the duplicated regions were generated. thirty-five markers, including 21 rice cdna clones, showed the duplicated loci arrayed strictly in the same order along the two specific genomic regions. regardless of their different genetic distances, the two duplicated segments may have a similar and m ... | 1998 | 9832535 |
| novel euryarchaeotal lineages detected on rice roots and in the anoxic bulk soil of flooded rice microcosms | because excised, washed roots of rice (oryza sativa) immediately produce ch4 when they are incubated under anoxic conditions (p. frenzel and u. bosse, fems microbiol. ecol. 21:25-36, 1996), we employed a culture-independent molecular approach to identify the methanogenic microbial community present on roots of rice plants. archaeal small-subunit rrna-encoding genes were amplified directly from total root dna by pcr and then cloned. thirty-two archaeal rice root (arr) gene clones were randomly se ... | 1998 | 9835592 |
| isolation and characterization of a rice homebox gene, osh15. | in many eukaryotic organisms including plants, homeobox genes are thought to be master regulators that establish the cellular or regional identities and specify the fundamental body plan. we isolated and characterized a cdna designated osh15 (oryza sativa homeobox 15) that encodes a knotted-type homeodomain protein. transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing the osh15 cdna showed a dramatically altered morphological phenotype caused by disturbance of specific aspects of tobacco development, thereb ... | 1998 | 9869405 |
| metabolic engineering of rice leading to biosynthesis of glycinebetaine and tolerance to salt and cold. | genetically engineered rice (oryza sativa l.) with the ability to synthesize glycinebetaine was established by introducing the coda gene for choline oxidase from the soil bacterium arthrobacter globiformis. levels of glycinebetaine were as high as 1 and 5 micromol per gram fresh weight of leaves in two types of transgenic plant in which choline oxidase was targeted to the chloroplasts (chlcod plants) and to the cytosol (cytcod plants), respectively. although treatment with 0.15 m nacl [corrected ... | 1998 | 9869407 |
| proteins involved in membrane transport between the er and the golgi apparatus: 21 putative plant homologues revealed by dbest searching. | numerous proteins have been identified in yeast and mammalian cells which are involved in trafficking between the endoplasmic reticulum and the golgi apparatus. a great number of partial cdna sequences now available from the two major plant model species, arabidopsis thaliana and oryza sativa, makes it possible to identify putative plant homologues of known genes/proteins from non-plant species. the authors used this approach to screen the database of expressed sequence tags (dbest) in order to ... | 1998 | 9878102 |
| jamu gendong, a kind of traditional medicine in indonesia: the microbial contamination of its raw materials and endproduct. | an examination on the microbiological quality of seven kinds of jamu gendong (jg) and their raw materials has been conducted according to the requirements of microbial contamination in traditional medicine, issued by the department of health of indonesia in 1986. samples of jg and their raw materials were taken from producers in three districts of surabaya. the samples were subject to the following examinations: total plate count (tpc), mpn coliform, the enumeration of molds and yeasts, the pres ... | 1998 | 10030724 |
| gene cloning and expression of cytosolic glutathione reductase in rice (oryza sativa l.). | we have isolated a cdna (rgrc2) encoding glutathione reductase (gr) from rice (oryza sativa l.). the comparison of deduced amino acid sequences from rgrc2 and other plant gr cdnas indicated that rgrc2 encodes a putative cytosolic isoform. the recombinant rgrc2 protein had enzymatic properties comparable to those of gr from rice embryo. subcellular fractionation showed that the rgrc2 protein is localized primarily in cytosol. mrna and protein of rgrc2 were observed mainly in roots and calli but l ... | 1998 | 10050312 |
| cloning and sequencing of cdna encoding the rice methionyl-trna synthetase. | three overlapping clones of cdna, mos43, mos28 and mos60, coding for methionyl-trna synthetase were obtained by screening the oryza sativa lambda gt11 library. their nucleotide sequence of 2850 bp was determined. the deduced amino-acid sequence of the isolated clones contains a hlgn and kfsks motifs, which are conserved for this family of enzymes and have been proposed to be the signature sequences for class i aminoacyl-trna synthetases. a comparison of the rice metrs primary structure with thos ... | 1998 | 9918493 |
| purification and some molecular properties of rice germ calmodulin. | calmodulin (cam) from rice germ (oryza sativa l) was purified to homogeneity by hydrophobic interaction chromatography and gel filtration. the protein showed a single spot by sds-page. this purified protein had multiple absorption maxima at 276~279, 268, 265, 258, and 253 nm. like other plant cam, the protein contained one mole of tm3lys, cysteine, and tyrosine, and tryptophan was not detected. hydrophobic properties of rice germ, spinach, and neurospora crassa cam were directly tested by an hpl ... | 1998 | 27388650 |
| expression of snowdrop lectin (gna) in transgenic rice plants confers resistance to rice brown planthopper. | snowdrop lectin (galanthus nivalis agglutinin; gna) has been shown previously to be toxic towards rice brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens; bph) when administered in artificial diet. bph feeds by phloem abstraction, and causes 'hopper burn', as well as being an important virus vector. to evaluate the potential of the gna gene to confer resistance towards bph, transgenic rice (oryza sativa l.) plants were produced, containing the gna gene in constructs where its expression was driven by a phloe ... | 1998 | 9753773 |
| proline suppresses rubisco activity in higher plants. | seedlings of brassica juncea, sesbania sesban, and oryza sativa exposed to salt stress accumulated proline to levels as high as 4- to 20-fold over those of controls. because chloroplasts are the major site for synthesis of stress induced proline accumulation, in vitro studies were conducted to see how the over-accumulation of this solute influences the activity of the major chloroplastic enzyme ribulose 1,5-bis-phosphate carboxylase (rubisco) purified from the above plant species. surprisingly, ... | 1998 | 9826546 |
| stereochemistry of the reduction of 24-ethyldesmosterol to sitosterol in tissue cultures of oryza sativa. | feeding of [26-13c]- and [27-13c]-24-ethyldesmosterols to cultured cells of oryza sativa followed by 13c-nmr analysis of the biosynthesized sitosterol revealed that the reduction of 24(25)-double bond proceeds with an anti-addition of hydrogen atoms, thus the e-methyl group of the olefinic precursor becomes the pro-s-methyl on c-25 of sitosterol. | 1998 | 9871655 |
| expression and immunolocalisation of the snowdrop lectin, gna in transgenic rice plants. | transgenic rice (oryza sativa l.) plants generated through particle bombardment expressed high levels of an insecticidal protein (the snowdrop lectin, gna) directed against sap-sucking insects. engineered plants expressed gna either constitutively or in a tissue specific manner, depending on the nature of the promoter used to drive expression of the gene. we used specific antibodies raised against gna to localize its expression in phloem tissue in plants engineered with the rice sucrose synthase ... | 1998 | 9859225 |
| isolation of a novel auxin receptor from soluble fractions of rice (oryza sativa l.) shoots. | an auxin binding protein (abp) was isolated from the shoots of rice seedlings and characterized. the abp was found to be a monomer with a molecular mass of 57 kda and play a crucial role via auxin binding in regulating h+ translocation activity of the plasma membrane in a typical biphasic manner. the results of binding equilibrium experiments indicate that the abp binds indole 3-acetic acid with a high affinity (kd = 1.9 x 10(-8) m), having four primary binding sites for auxin and some secondary ... | 1998 | 9827553 |
| carbonic anhydrase activity and co2-transfer resistance in zn-deficient rice leaves | it has been reported that carbonic anhydrase (ca) activity in plant leaves is decreased by zn deficiency. we examined the effects of zn deficiency on the activity of ca and on photosynthesis by leaves in rice plants (oryza sativa l.). zn deficiency increased the transfer resistance from the stomatal cavity to the site of co2 fixation 2. 3-fold and, consequently, the value of the transfer resistance relative to the total resistance in the co2-assimilation process increased from 10% to 21%. this c ... | 1998 | 9808737 |
| tissue localization of expansins in deepwater rice. | expansins are a family of proteins capable of inducing stress relaxation of isolated cell walls. in earlier studies, we showed that the expression of expansin genes in deepwater rice (oryza sativa l.) is regulated by developmental, hormonal and environmental stimuli. here, we describe the spatial distribution pattern of expansin transcripts and proteins in tissues and organs of deepwater rice using in situ mrna hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis. expansin transcripts and proteins are ... | 1998 | 9807819 |
| [genetic analysis on a new sterile locus discovered in hybrids between indica and japonica rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | japonica line 02428, possessing wide compatibility gene s-5n, showed semi-sterility as crossed with indica variety ir24. genetic analysis was conducted on the spikelet fertility in segregation generations from the crosses of 02428 with ir24, pecos and akihikara. the results indicated that the sterility in hybrids between 02428 and ir24 was controlled by a single non-allelic to s-5 gene and its inheritance fitted to one-locus sporo-gametophytic interaction model. pecos, an american variety, has a ... | 1998 | 9800438 |
| molecular dissection of developmental behavior of plant height in rice (oryza sativa l.). | a doubled haploid population of 123 lines from ir64/azucena was used to dissect the developmental behavior and genotype by environment interaction for plant height by conditional and unconditional quantitative trait loci (qtl) mapping methods in rice. it was shown that the number of qtl detected was different at various measuring stages. some qtl could be detected at all stages and some only at one or several stages. more qtl could be found on the basis of time-dependent measures of different st ... | 1998 | 9799277 |
| changes in growth co2 result in rapid adjustments of ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase small subunit gene expression in expanding and mature leaves of rice | the accumulation of soluble carbohydrates resulting from growth under elevated co2 may potentially signal the repression of gene activity for the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcs). to test this hypothesis we grew rice (oryza sativa l.) under ambient (350 &mgr;l l-1) and high (700 &mgr;l l-1) co2 in outdoor, sunlit, environment-controlled chambers and performed a cross-switching of growth co2 concentration at the late-vegetative phase. within 24 h, plants swi ... | 1998 | 9765537 |
| production of transgenic rice (oryza sativa subspecies japonica cv. taipei 309). | 1998 | 9760528 | |
| genomic dna sequence of a rice gene coding for a pullulanase-type of starch debranching enzyme. | a genomic dna containing a rice (oryza sativa l., cv. norin-8) gene coding for a pullulanase-type starch debranching enzyme (ec 3.2.1. 41) was sequenced (embl/genbank/ddbj accession number ab012915). along the 15, 248 bp dna, the pullulanase gene is split into 26 exons. the four pullulanase consensus regions are positioned in the middle portion of the sequence and are separated by long introns and 1-3 exons. comparison of the rice cv. norin-8 pullulanase genomic structure with that of barley pul ... | 1998 | 9748665 |
| organization and structure of nadh-dependent glutamate synthase gene from rice plants. | genomic clones for nadh-dependent glutamate synthase (nadh-gogat; ec 1.4.1.14) were obtained from a genomic library of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. sasanishki). a genomic clone (lambdaos42, 14 kb) covered an entire structural gene and a 3.7 kb 5'-upstream region from the first methionine. another clone (lambdaos23, 14 kb) contained a 2.8 kb 3'-downstream region from the stop codon. a 7047 bp long clone (lambdaosr51) consisting of full length cdna for nadh-gogat was isolated from a cdna library prep ... | 1998 | 9748637 |
| use of alternate splice sites in granule-bound starch synthase mrna from low-amylose rice varieties. | the rice waxy gene encodes a granule-bound starch synthase (gbss) necessary for the synthesis of amylose in endosperm tissue. we have previously shown that a ct microsatellite near the transcriptional start site of the gbss gene can distinguish 7 alleles that accounted for more than 80% of the variation in apparent amylose content in an extended pedigree of 89 us rice cultivars (oryza sativa l.). furthermore, all the cultivars with 18% or less amylose were shown to have the sequence agttata at t ... | 1998 | 9747848 |
| a single base change altered the regulation of the waxy gene at the posttranscriptional level during the domestication of rice. | the rice waxy (wx) locus has two functional alleles, wxa and wxb, which are defined by a large difference in the amount of the gene product, called wx protein, that accumulates in mature seeds. to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying this difference and to identify the base change causing the alteration of the regulation of the wx gene during rice evolution, we determined the nucleotide sequences of the regulatory region of wx alleles and analyzed their function in a transient assay syst ... | 1998 | 9718725 |
| expression of abscisic acid-responsive element-binding protein in salt-tolerant indica rice (oryza sativa l. cv. pokkali). | as the products of abiotic stress and aba inducible genes are predicted to play an important role in the mechanism of salt tolerance, the expression of transcription factor that recognizes abscisic acid-responsive element (abre) is likely to be regulated when plants are exposed to abiotic stress. northern analysis of total rna from control and salt-treated 10-day-old pokkali (salt tolerant) rice plants was performed to find out the level of transcripts homologous to wheat cdna (gc19) for embp-1 ... | 1998 | 9687067 |
| sugar sensing and alpha-amylase gene repression in rice embryos. | we used a transient expression system to study the mechanism by which carbohydrates repress a rice (oryza sativa l.) alpha-amylase (ec 3.2.1.1) gene. exogenously fed metabolizable carbohydrates are able to elicit repression of the alpha-amylase gene ramy3d in the rice embryo, and our results indicate that repression is also triggered efficiently by endogenous carbohydrates. glucose analogs that are taken up by plant cells but not phosphorylated by hexokinase are unable to repress the alpha-amyla ... | 1998 | 9684366 |
| dehydration-stress-regulated transgene expression in stably transformed rice plants | to confer abscisic acid (aba) and/or stress-inducible gene expression, an aba-response complex (abrc1) from the barley (hordeum vulgare l.) hva22 gene was fused to four different lengths of the 5' region from the rice (oryza sativa l.) act1 gene. transient assay of beta-glucuronidase (gus) activity in barley aleurone cells shows that, coupled with abrc1, the shortest minimal promoter (act1-100p) gives both the greatest induction and the highest level of absolute activity following aba treatment. ... | 1998 | 9662533 |
| rice bifunctional alpha-amylase/subtilisin inhibitor: characterization, localization, and changes in developing and germinating seeds. | a bifunctional alpha-amylase/subtilisin inhibitor (rasi) was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from rice (oryza sativa l.) bran. its molecular mass was 21 kda by sds-page and its isoelectric point was 9.05. purified rasi inhibited subtilisin carlsberg strongly and inhibited alpha-amylase from germinating rice seeds weakly. it inhibited rice alpha-amylase more than barley alpha-amylase, and the inhibition of rice alpha-amylase was greater at higher phs. rasi did not inhibit trypsin, chymotr ... | 1998 | 9648230 |
| in rice, oryzalin and abscisic acid differentially affect tubulin mrna and protein levels. | the effect of the anti-microtubular drug oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-n4,n4-dipropylsulfanilamide) on growth and elongation of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. arborio) roots and coleoptiles was investigated. at 100 nm, oryzalin strongly reduced primary root elongation, caused loss of cell anisotropy and the disappearance of the cortical microtubule array. under these conditions the amounts of alpha- and beta-tubulin protein, but not mrna, were heavily reduced. similar data were also obtained in coleoptile se ... | 1998 | 9640661 |
| three-dimensional analysis of the senescence program in rice (oryza sativa l.) coleoptiles. investigations of tissues and cells by fluorescence microscopy. | the coleoptile of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. nippon-bare) emerges from an imbibed seed on day 2 after sowing. then, it matures and senesces rapidly. for analysis of the senescence pattern within individual coleoptiles, we monitored the distribution of chlorophyll (chl) in entire coleoptiles and in cross-sections of coleoptiles by recording the autofluorescence of chl. degradation of chl was apparent at the tip of the margins of opened-out coleoptiles on day 4, when the overall levels of soluble p ... | 1998 | 9637068 |
| a new class ii rice chitinase, rcht2, whose induction by fungal elicitor is abolished by protein phosphatase 1 and 2a inhibitor. | among the four classes of chitinase, a class ii chitinase had not yet been reported for rice. we have isolated and characterized a class ii acidic chitinase, rcht2, from rice (oryza sativa l. cv. cheongcheongbyeo). the protein consists of a single polypeptide chain of 261 amino acid residues and includes a putative signal sequence of 29 amino acids at its n-terminus. it has a calculated molecular mass of 27,642 da and an isoelectric point of 5.56. the rcht2 chitinase lacks the cysteine-rich and ... | 1998 | 9617819 |
| purification and characterization of a low-molecular-weight phospholipase a2 from developing seeds of elm. | phospholipase a2 (pla2) was purified about 180,000 times compared with the starting soluble-protein extract from developing elm (ulmus glabra) seeds. on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis the purified fraction showed a single protein band with a mobility that corresponded to 15 kd, from which activity could be recovered. when analyzed by matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, the enzyme had a deduced mass of 13,900 d. a 53-amino acid- ... | 1998 | 9576789 |
| expression of nadh-dependent glutamate synthase protein in the epidermis and exodermis of rice roots in response to the supply of ammonium ions. | the mrna and protein for nadh-dependent glutamate synthase (nadh-gogat; ec 1.4.1.14) in root tips of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. sasanishiki) plants increases dramatically within 12 h of supplying a low concentration (> 0.05 mm) of ammonium ions (t. yamaya et al., 1995, plant cell physiol 36: 1197-1204). to identify the specific cells which are responsible for this rapid increase, the cellular localization of nadh-gogat protein was investigated immunocytologically with an affinity-purified anti-na ... | 1998 | 9530872 |
| the involvement of ca2+-dependent protein kinase in the regeneration of rice cultured suspension cells. | short-term cultured cells of rice (oryza sativa) were found to be capable of regeneration, in contrast to those obtained from long-term cultures. for clarification of the mechanism of regeneration, it was first necessary to distinguish protein kinase activity in long-term and short-term cultured cells; this activity was found greater in the former than latter. the activity was dependent on calcium, not phospholipid, phorbol ester or calmodulin. the apparent mr of both ca2+-dependent protein kina ... | 1998 | 9514612 |
| enhanced post-thaw viability of cryopreserved cells by oxygenated perfluorocarbon or pluronic f-68. | viability and growth following cryopreservation have been examined following (i) culture of oryza sativa cv. taipei 309 (japonica rice) in medium overlaying oxygenated perfluorocarbon (pfc) liquid (flutec pp6), and (ii) culture of two cvs. of japonica rice (taipei 309, tarom), and lolium multiflorum in media with pluronic f-68 (0.01-0.2% w/v). the mean viability of cv. taipei 309 rice cells following 4 days in medium overlaying oxygenated flutec (0.45 +/- 0.07; n = 20) was significantly (p < 0.0 ... | 1998 | 9507754 |
| effects of hypoxia on 13nh4+ fluxes in rice roots. kinetics and compartmental analysis kinetics and compartmental analysis | techniques of compartmental (efflux) and kinetic influx analyses with the radiotracer 13nh4+ were used to examine the adaptation to hypoxia (15, 35, and 50% o2 saturation) of root n uptake and metabolism in 3-week-old hydroponically grown rice (oryza sativa l., cv ir72) seedlings. a time-dependence study of nh4+ influx into rice roots after onset of hypoxia (15% o2) revealed an initial increase in the first 1 to 2.5 h after treatment imposition, followed by a decline to less than 50% of influx i ... | 1998 | 9490761 |
| evidence for a cytoskeleton-associated binding site involved in prolamine mrna localization to the protein bodies in rice endosperm tissue | previous studies have demonstrated that the mrnas encoding the prolamine and glutelin storage proteins are localized to morphologically distinct membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum (er) complex in developing rice (oryza sativa l.) endosperm cells. to gain insight about this mrna localization process, we investigated the association of prolamine polysomes on the er that delimit the prolamine protein bodies (pbs). the bulk of the prolamine polysomes were resistant to extraction by 1% triton x-1 ... | 1998 | 9490759 |
| isolation, characterization and mrna expression of four cdnas encoding translation elongation factor 1a from rice (oryza sativa l.). | four different cdna clones encoding protein synthesis elongation factor 1a, eef1a, were isolated from rice (oryza sativa l.). the genes encoded by these cdnas were designated rice elongation factor 1a genes refa1, refa2, refa3 and refa4. the genes encoded identical eef-1a polypeptides and shared high amino acid identity with eef1a of other eukaryotes. southern blot analysis suggested that some of these refa genes may be organized in a cluster on the same chromosome within a short distance. pcr a ... | 1998 | 9484469 |
| differentiation and classification of parental lines and favorable genic interactions affecting f1 fertility in distant crosses of rice (oryza sativa l.). | this study was intended to investigate the extent of genetic differentiation in parental lines of rice hybrids and to analyze the genetic basis underlying the fertility phenomenon in distant crosses. two subsets of rice material (111 entries in total) were used, including 81 doubled-haploid (dh) lines and 30 indica and japonica rice varieties or lines (as a control). the dh lines was derived from a heterotic indica/japonica cross (gui630/02428) by anther culture. the materials in the control rep ... | 1998 | 24710893 |
| nuclear encoding of a plastid sigma factor in rice and its tissue- and light-dependent expression. | a full-length cdna encoding a putative sigma factor for a plastid rna polymerase was isolated from the higher plant oryza sativa . the nucleotide sequence of the corresponding nuclear gene, named os-siga ( o.sativa sigma a), predicts a polypeptide of 519 amino acids that contains a putative plastid-targeting sequence in its n-terminal region. the predicted mature protein shows extensive sequence homology to bacterial sigma factors, encompassing the conserved regions 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 3, 4 ... | 1998 | 9421493 |
| a high-density rice genetic linkage map with 2275 markers using a single f2 population. | a 2275-marker genetic map of rice (oryza sativa l.) covering 1521.6 cm in the kosambi function has been constructed using 186 f2 plants from a single cross between the japonica variety nipponbare and the indica variety kasalath. the map provides the most detailed and informative genetic map of any plant. centromere locations on 12 linkage groups were determined by dosage analysis of secondary and telotrisomics using > 130 dna markers located on respective chromosome arms. a limited influence on ... | 1998 | 9475757 |
| the expression of the salt-responsive gene salt from rice is regulated by hormonal and developmental cues. | the expression pattern of the salt gene was analyzed in different cell types and organs of rice (oryza sativa l.) in response to saline and hormonal treatments to obtain detailed information on the physiological cues controlling gene expression. gel blot analysis of rna and in-situ hybridization performed on seedlings grown for 10 ds in the presence of 1% nacl revealed that salt was expressed mainly in the younger tissues of the plant. in contrast, 6-week-old plants exhibited maximal salt mrna a ... | 1998 | 9951720 |
| construction of a dna library from chromosome 4 of rice (oryza sativa) by microdissection. | a simple method to create a chromosome-specific dna library of rice, including microdissection, amplification, characterization and cloning, is described. rice chromosome 4 from a metaphase cell has been isolated and amplified by the linker adapter pcr (la-pcr). the pcr products were labeled as probes with dig-11-dutp using the random priming method. southern blot analysis with rice genomic dna and specific rflp markers demonstrated that the pcr products were derived from rice chromosome 4. a la ... | 1998 | 9934536 |
| isolation, analysis and expression of homologues of the soybean early nodulin gene gmenod93 (gmn93) from rice. | rice (oryza sativa var. nipponbare) possesses two different homologues of the soybean early nodulin gene gmenod93 (gmn93). analysis of the cdna clones of rice homologues showed that osenod93a has an open reading frame (orf) with a coding sequence homology of 58.2% to gmenod93, whereas the orf of osenod93b has displayed a homology of 42.3%. osenod93a and osenod93b genes are differentially expressed in different parts of the rice plant, as well as in cultured cells induced or non-induced with chit ... | 1998 | 9878846 |
| isolation and characterization of a satellite dna family in the saccharum complex. | eacir1, a 371-bp erianthus-specific satellite dna sequence, was cloned from taqi restricted genomic dna after agarose-gel electrophoresis. this sequence has 77% homology with a 365-bp satellite of helictotrichon convolutum and 72% homology with a 353-bp tandem repeat sequence from oryza sativa. pcr primers defined in the conserved regions of these repetitive sequences were used to isolate other satellite dnas in different representatives of the saccharum complex: socir1 in saccharum officinarum, ... | 1998 | 9924794 |
| the effects of a selection of alkaloids on the invertase activity of some higher plants. | the effects of several alkaloids on the invertase activities of ricinus communis, solanum tuberosum, oryza sativa and carica papaya were studied. the following alkaloids: caffeine, berberine, strychnine, morphine, ethyl-narceine and nornicotine, have different inhibitory effects on invertase activity. kinetic studies of the alkaloid inhibition revealed that different alkaloids exhibited diverse types of inhibition of invertase. it was found that alkaloids form reversible complexes with invertase ... | 1997 | 9442928 |
| expansins in deepwater rice internodes. | cell walls of deepwater rice (oryza sativa l.) internodes undergo long-term extension (creep) when placed under tension in acidic buffers. this is indicative of the action of the cell wall-loosening protein expansin. wall extension had a ph optimum of around 4.0 and was abolished by boiling. acid-induced extension of boiled cell walls could be reconstituted by addition of salt-extracted rice or cucumber cell wall proteins. cucumber expansin antibody recognized a single protein band of 24.5-kd ap ... | 1997 | 9112771 |
| characterization of the gene for delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase and correlation between the expression of the gene and salt tolerance in oryza sativa l. | a cdna for delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (p5c) synthetase (cosp5cs), an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of proline, was isolated and characterized from a cdna library prepared from 14-day-old seedlings of oryza sativa cv. akibare. the deduced amino acid sequence of the p5cs protein (osp5cs) from o. sativa exhibited 74.2% and 75.5% homology to that of the p5cs from arabidopsis thaliana and vigna aconitifolia, respectively. northern blot analysis revealed that the gene for p5cs (osp5cs) was i ... | 1997 | 9106509 |
| phytosulfokine-alpha, a sulfated pentapeptide, stimulates the proliferation of rice cells by means of specific high- and low-affinity binding sites. | peptide growth factors were isolated from conditioned medium derived from rice (oryza sativa l.) suspension cultures and identified to be a sulfated pentapeptide [h-tyr(so3h)-ile-tyr(so3h)-thr-gln-oh] and its c-terminal-truncated tetrapeptide [h-tyr(so3h)-ile-tyr(so3h)-thr-oh]. these structures were identical to the phytosulfokines originally found in asparagus (asparagus officinalis l.) mesophyll cultures. the pentapeptide [phytosulfokine-alpha (psk-alpha)] very strongly stimulated colony forma ... | 1997 | 9371850 |
| jasmonate-inducible genes are activated in rice by pathogen attack without a concomitant increase in endogenous jasmonic acid levels. | the possible role of the octadecanoid signaling pathway with jasmonic acid (ja) as the central component in defense-gene regulation of pathogen-attacked rice was studied. rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings were treated with ja or inoculated with the rice blast fungus magnaporthe grisea (hebert) barr., and gene-expression patterns were compared between the two treatments. ja application induced the accumulation of a number of pathogenesis-related (pr) gene products at the mrna and protein levels, b ... | 1997 | 12223690 |
| differential accumulation of salicylic acid and salicylic acid-sensitive catalase in different rice tissues. | we previously proposed that salicylic acid (sa)-sensitive catalases serve as biological targets of sa in plant defense responses. to further examine the role of sa-sensitive catalases, we have analyzed the relationship between sa levels and sa sensitivity of catalases in different rice (oryza sativa) tissues. we show here that, whereas rice shoots contain extremely high levels of free sa, as previously reported (i. raskin, h. skubatz, w. tang, b.j.d. meeuse [1990] ann bot 66: 369-373; p. silverm ... | 1997 | 12223699 |
| gene-expression patterns and levels of jasmonic acid in rice treated with the resistance inducer 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid. | acquired disease resistance can be induced in rice (oryza sativa) by a number of synthetic or natural compounds, but the molecular mechanisms behind the phenomenon are poorly understood. one of the synthetic inducers of resistance, 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid (ina), efficiently protected rice leaves from infection by the rice blast fungus magnaporthe grisea (hebert) barr. a comparison of gene-expression patterns in plants treated with ina versus plants inoculated with the compatible pathogen m ... | 1997 | 12223792 |
| l-myo-lnositol 1-phosphate synthase from plant sources (characteristics of the chloroplastic and cytosolic enzymes). | l-myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase (ec 5.5.1.4) from cyanobacterial (spirulina platensis), algal (euglena gracilis), and higher plant (oryza sativa, vigna radiata) sources was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity, biochemically characterized, and compared. both chloroplastic and cytosolic forms of the enzyme were detected in e. gracilis, o. sativa, and v. radiata, whereas only the cytosolic form was detected in streptomycin-bleached or chloroplastic mutants of e. gracilis and in s. platensis ... | 1997 | 12223840 |
| [the use of a multimix as a dietary supplement: study in rats]. | a multimistura (mm)--sweet cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) leaf flour, wheat bran (tritium aestivum l.), egg shell powder, pumpkin (cucurbita spp) and sunflower (heliantus annus) seed flours--was added to a mixture of beans, 7% (phaseolus vulgaris) and rice, 3% (oryza sativa) and its effects, were assessed in weanling, male albino (wistar) rats (n = 60). animals were divided into 6 groups: groups 1, 2 and 3 were fed beans + rice + multimixture (b + r + mm), beans + rice (b + r) and 10% casein ... | 1997 | 9673680 |
| cdna cloning and tissue specific expression of a gene for sucrose transporter from rice (oryza sativa l.). | we describe the cloning and expression analysis of a sucrose transporter cdna from a monocot (the rice plant, oryza sativa l.). the cdna clone (ossut1) encoded an open reading frame of 1,611 bp (537 amino acids) and showed 76.8 to 79.7% similarity at the amino acid level to other sucrose transporters of dicot species. the predicted membrane topology of ossut1 protein is made up of 12 transmembrane helices which is consistent with most of the mono- and disaccharide transporters previously identif ... | 1997 | 9522469 |
| structure, chromosomal location and expression of a rice gene encoding the microsome omega-3 fatty acid desaturase. | the omega-3 fatty acid desaturases are membrane-bound enzymes catalyzing the conversion of linoleic acid to linolenic acid in lipids, and are located both in the microsome and plastid envelopes as two different isoforms. a cdna encoding the microsome omega-3 fatty acid desaturase (osfad3) and the corresponding genomic clone were isolated from rice (oryza sativa l.). the osfad3 gene was composed of 8 exons and 7 introns. a microsatellite was present in the second exon of the osfad3 gene, showing ... | 1997 | 9049269 |
| expression, secretion, and processing of rice alpha-amylase in the yeast yarrowia lipolytica. | the gene encoding rice alpha-amylase in oryza sativa was expressed in the yeast yarrowia lipolytica, which is a potential host system for heterologous protein expression. for efficient secretion, the strong and inducible xpr2 promoter was used in the construction of four kinds of expression vectors with the following configurations between the xpr2 promoter and terminator: 1) xpr2 prepro-region-rice alpha-amylase coding sequence, 2) rice alpha-amylase signal peptide-rice alpha-amylase coding seq ... | 1997 | 9054373 |
| chloroplast dna variability in wild and cultivated rice (oryza spp.) revealed by polymorphic chloroplast simple sequence repeats. | short mononucleotide repeats analogous to nuclear microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (ssrs) have been identified in chloroplast genomes. primers flanking mononucleotide repeats in the fully sequenced rice chloroplast genome have been used in conjunction with pcr to amplify genomic dna from 42 wild rice accessions. the amplification products exhibited length polymorphism, which allowed the levels of chloroplast variability detected to be quantified. seven primer pairs that amplified produ ... | 1997 | 9061917 |
| differential expression of a cak (cdc2-activating kinase)-like protein kinase, cyclins and cdc2 genes from rice during the cell cycle and in response to gibberellin. | progress through the eukaryotic cell cycle is regulated by cyclin-dependent cdc2 protein kinases. in rice (oryza sativa l), two cdc2 protein kinases, cdc2os-1 and cdc2os-2, and two cyclins, cycos1 and cycos2, have been described. in this study, we report on the cell-cycle phase-specific expression of these genes. using partially synchronized suspension cells from rice, we found that cdc2os-1 was expressed constitutively throughout the cell cycle. the cdc2os-2 transcript level was elevated in g1 ... | 1997 | 9076986 |
| the root hair defective3 gene encodes an evolutionarily conserved protein with gtp-binding motifs and is required for regulated cell enlargement in arabidopsis. | in plants, morphogenesis is largely determined by the orientation and extent of cell enlargement. to define the molecular mechanisms regulating plant cell enlargement, we have conducted a molecular genetic analysis of the root hair defective3 (rhd3) gene of arabidopsis thaliana. mutations affecting the rhd3 gene were found to alter cell size, but not cell number, in tissues throughout the plant. genetic and physiological analyses suggest that the rhd3 gene is not required for proper cell type sp ... | 1997 | 9087433 |
| structure of the rice glutaredoxin (thioltransferase) gene. | we have isolated the gene encoding a glutaredoxin in rice (oryza sativa l.) and determined the nucleotide (nt) sequence of about a 4.2 kb long. the cloned gene (grasc8) was found to contain four exons interrupted by three introns. the first exon begins the atg translation start codon and the four exons code for a protein composed of 112 amino acids. the tetrapeptide -cys-pro-phe-cys- [-cys-pro-phe(tyr)-cys-] which constitutes an active site of escherichia coli and mammalian glutaredoxins, was co ... | 1997 | 9099854 |
| cloning and characterization of the osnramp family from oryza sativa, a new family of membrane proteins possibly implicated in the transport of metal ions. | the mammalian nramp1 protein is an integral membrane protein expressed exclusively in macrophages, where it plays a critical role in the ability of these cells to destroy ingested microbes. the bactericidal mechanism of action of nramp1 remains unknown. we report the identification and characterization of cdna clones corresponding to three homologues of the mammalian nramp1 gene from the genome of oryza sativa, osnramp1, osnramp2, and osnramp3. these three genes encode a novel group of highly si ... | 1997 | 9154989 |
| molecular characterization of a rab-related small gtp binding protein cdna from rice (oryza sativa l. ir-36). | to study physiological roles of plant small gtp binding proteins, we isolated a cdna clone (orrab2) encoding the rab-related small gtp binding protein from rice (oryza sativa l. ir-36) by using human cdna rab2 as a probe. the deduced amino acid sequence of the orrab2 gene shared all the conserved regions, important for gtpase/gtp binding activities, with those of other small gtp binding proteins. orrab2 is a 1028 bp long cdna, encodes a 23.2 kda protein which shows 85.2% similarity on the amino ... | 1997 | 9163737 |
| biochemical characteristics of a rice (oryza sativa l., ir36) g-protein alpha-subunit expressed in escherichia coli. | a cdna encoding the alpha-subunit of the heterotrimeric g-protein in rice (rga1) was overexpressed in escherichia coli and then isolated by ni2+-nitrilotriacetic acid affinity chromatography. the molecular mass of rga1 bearing a his tag was approx. 49 kda. immunoblot analysis using anti-rga1 revealed that the rga1 protein is most abundant in seedling leaves and least abundant in mature roots. it exists at particularly high levels in the immature embryo after pellicle extrusion. in addition, the ... | 1997 | 9164867 |
| purification and characterization of glutaredoxin (thioltransferase) from rice (oryza sativa l.). | we purified and characterized glutaredoxin (thioltransferase), which catalyzes thiol/disulfide exchange reaction, for the first time in plants. the purification procedure employed an immunoabsorbent, antiglutaredoxin-sepharose. glutaredoxin was purified about 2,200-fold from rice bran and it appeared to be homogeneous on sds-page. maldi-tof mass spectrometry revealed that the protein has a molecular mass of 11,097.9 da. rice glutaredoxin consists of 105 amino acid residues, containing the tetrap ... | 1997 | 9192723 |
| expression of a betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene in rice, a glycinebetaine nonaccumulator, and possible localization of its protein in peroxisomes. | betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (badh) catalyzes the last step in the plant biosynthetic pathway that leads to glycinebetaine. rice plants (oryza sativa l.), albeit considered a typical non-glycinebetaine accumulating species, have been found to express this enzyme at low levels. this observation evokes an interest in phylogenic evolution of the enzyme in the plant kingdom. it is reported here that rice plants possess the ability to take up exogenously added betaine aldehyde through the roots and ... | 1997 | 9193078 |
| a large-insert (130 kbp) bacterial artificial chromosome library of the rice blast fungus magnaporthe grisea: genome analysis, contig assembly, and gene cloning. | magnaporthe grisea (hebert) barr causes rice blast, one of the most devastating diseases of rice (oryza sativa) worldwide. this fungus is an ideal organism for studying a number of aspects of plant-pathogen interactions, including infection-related morphogenesis, avirulence, and pathogen evolution. to facilitate m. grisea genome analysis, physical mapping, and positional cloning, we have constructed a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library from the rice infecting strain 70-15. a new metho ... | 1997 | 9290247 |
| molecular cloning and further characterization of a probable plant vacuolar sorting receptor. | bp-80 is a type i integral membrane protein abundant in pea (pisum sativum) clathrin-coated vesicles (ccvs) that binds with high affinity to vacuole-targeting determinants containing asparagine-proline-isoleucine-arginine. here we present results from cdna cloning and studies of its intracellular localization. its sequence and sequences of homologs from arabidopsis, rice (oryza sativa), and maize (zea mays) define a novel family of proteins unique to plants that is highly conserved in both monoc ... | 1997 | 9306690 |
| epigenetic transcriptional silencing and 5-azacytidine-mediated reactivation of a complex transgene in rice. | despite a growing number of reports indicating non-mendelian inheritance of transgene expression in monocots, no detailed description of the structure and stability of the transgene exists for transformants generated by direct dna-transfer techniques, making the cause for these observations difficult to determine. in this paper we describe the complex organization of btt cryiiia and bar transgenes in rice (oryza sativa l.) that displayed aberrant segregation in r1 progeny. silencing rather than ... | 1997 | 9342860 |
| structure and expression of two cdnas encoding s-adenosyl-l-methionine synthetase of rice (oryza sativa l.). | two cdnas encoding rice (oryza sativa l.) s-adenosyl-l-methionine synthetase (sams) have been cloned, sequenced and identified. the deduced protein sequences share a high homology (90-94%) with those of other plant sams and are 60-62% identical to yeast, rat and human sams. the rice sams genes are differentially regulated in a tissue-specific manner and by a salt stress, while they are coordinately expressed during growth of the rice cell culture. | 1997 | 9375784 |
| rice hemoglobins. gene cloning, analysis, and o2-binding kinetics of a recombinant protein synthesized in escherichia coli. | although nonsymbiotic hemoglobins (hbs) are found in different tissues of dicots and monocots, very little is known about hb genes in monocots and the function of hbs in nonsymbiotic tissues. we report the cloning and analysis of two rice (oryza sativa l.) hb genes, hb1 and hb2, that code for plant hbs. rice hb1 and hb2 genes contain four exons and three introns, as with all of the known plant hb genes. at least three copies of the hb gene were detected in rice dna, and analysis of gene expressi ... | 1997 | 9390447 |
| water permeability of plasma membranes of cultured rice, grape, and ch27 cells measured dielectrically. | the capacitance of suspensions of cultured rice cells (oryza sativa l. ssp. japonica), grape cells (vitis sp.), and ch27 cells originated from murine b-cell lymphoma was measured in the frequency range of 0.2 to 10 mhz. the relationship between the increase in capacitance caused by the presence of cells at 0.4 mhz, delta c, and the cell density was linear. measurement of capacitance was useful in measurement of transitional changes in cell volume under external osmotic stress when sucrose was ad ... | 1997 | 9404061 |
| a synopsis of the occurrence and pathogenicity of phytophthora species in mainland china. | to date, 26 species of phytophthora have been reported in mainland china but only 23 are accepted as good taxa. phytophthora nicotianae (p. parasitica) is the single most important species causing over 40 different plant diseases; p. boehmeriae is widespread attacking gossypium, boehmeria, citrus, broussonetia papyrifera and pterocarya stenoptera; p. "fragariae var. oryzo-bladis" is unique to mainland china causing blight of oryza sativa seedlings; p. megasperma sensu lato has been isolated from ... | 1997 | 16283113 |
| a major quantitative trait locus for rice yellow mottle virus resistance maps to a cluster of blast resistance genes on chromosome 12. | abstract two doubled-haploid rice populations, ir64/azucena and irat177/ apura, were used to identify markers linked to rice yellow mottle virus (rymv) resistance using core restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) maps. resistance was measured by mechanical inoculation of 19-day-old seedlings followed by assessment of virus content by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests 15 days after inoculation. ir64/azucena and irat177/apura populations, 72 and 43 lines, respectively, were evaluate ... | 1997 | 18945025 |
| maturation and translation mechanisms involved in the expression of a myb gene of rice. | we have isolated two overlapping cdnas coding for a myb-related protein expressed in aerobic and anaerobic rice (oryza sativa) roots and coleoptiles. analysis of their sequences reveals some peculiar features, suggesting the presence of post-transcriptional regulation events: an upstream orf, two unspliced introns and a putative leucine zipper in the orf coded by the unspliced rna. transient expression in protoplasts indicates that the upstream orf inhibits expression of a downstream coding sequ ... | 1997 | 9426621 |
| fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase activity in leaves of a rice mutant selected for enhanced lysine. | unknown proteins isolated from mutant tissues of rice (oryza sativa l.) recovered from inhibitor selections were subsequently peptide microsequenced. database searches putatively identified one peptide as fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (ec 4.1.2.13). tissues of mutant rice, pi564784, and wild type (cv calrose 76) tissues were evaluated for aldolase activity. total enzyme activities were slightly lower in the mutant than the control but the differences were not significant. although the mutan ... | 1997 | 9419899 |
| cloning and expression of five myb-related genes from rice seed. | three elements in the promoter of rice glutelin genes are important for their endosperm specific expression. one of these, an aaca motif, has been shown to be a negative regulator in non-seed tissues and has a similarity to the barley gibberellin responsive element recognized by myb-like dna binding proteins. a cdna library constructed from immature rice seed was screened using two types of myb gene probes to isolate cdna clones representing genes encoding myb-like dna binding proteins that may ... | 1997 | 9370307 |
| synergistic enhancement of the postthaw growth of cryopreserved rice cells by oxygenated perfluorocarbon and pluronic f-68 | the beneficial effects were assessed of supplementing culture medium with oxygenated perfluorocarbon, both alone and in combination with 0.01 (w/v) pluronic f-68, on the postthaw viability, following cryopreservation, of suspension cultured cells of the japonica rice, oryza sativa cv. taipei 309. the mean viability, as assessed by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride reduction, of cells at 4 days after thawing was increased 20% over control by oxygenated perfluorodecalin (p < 0.05) in 100-ml glass jar ... | 1997 | 9367608 |
| isolation and characterization of matrix associated region dna fragments in rice (oryza sativa l.). | to investigate the interactions between chromosomal dna and nuclear matrices in higher plants, matrix associated regions (mars) of rice (oryza sativa l.) dnas were cloned. first, we prepared nuclear matrices from isolated nuclei by digesting them with ecori and then extracting with 2 m nacl. about 6% of the total dna remained in the nuclear matrices after this digestion and extraction. the residual dna fragments in the nuclear matrices were cloned. some of the cloned dna fragments showed binding ... | 1997 | 9360323 |
| microsatellite marker development, mapping and applications in rice genetics and breeding. | microsatellites are simple, tandemly repeated di- to tetra-nucleotide sequence motifs flanked by unique sequences. they are valuable as genetic markers because they are co-dominant, detect high levels of allelic diversity, and are easily and economically assayed by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). results from screening a rice genomic library suggest that there are an estimated 5700-10,000 microsatellites in rice, with the relative frequency of different repeats decreasing with increasing si ... | 1997 | 9291963 |
| alien introgression in rice. | rice (oryza sativa l.) productivity is affected by several biotic and abiotic stresses. the genetic variability for some of these stresses is limited in the cultivated rice germplasm. moreover, changes in insect biotypes and disease races are a continuing threat to increased rice production. there is thus an urgent need to broaden the rice gene pool by introgressing genes for such traits from diverse sources. the wild species of oryza representing aa, bb, cc, bbcc, ccdd, ee, ff, gg and hhjj geno ... | 1997 | 9291958 |
| rice lipid transfer protein (ltp) genes belong to a complex multigene family and are differentially regulated. | several cdna clones encoding three different lipid transfer proteins (ltps) have been isolated from rice (oryza sativa l.) in order to analyse the complexity, the evolution and the expression of the ltp gene family. the mature proteins deduced from three clones exhibited a molecular mass of 9 kda, in agreement with the molecular mass of other ltps from plants. the clones were shown to be homologous in the coding region, while the 3' non-coding regions diverged strongly between the clones. the oc ... | 1997 | 9305762 |
| varietal differences in protein phosphorylation during cold treatment of rice leaves. | the effects of cold stress on protein phosphorylation in leaves of rice (oryza sativa) seedlings were investigated. two-week-old rice seedlings were exposed to low temperature (5 degrees) for 6 hr at a relative humidity of 100%. the leaf protein extracts were phosphorylated in vitro. cold stress stimulated the phosphorylation of a 60 kda protein in the cold-sensitive rice variety, ir36. in the cold-tolerant rice variety, kitaibuki, this protein had already been phosphorylated. for greater clarif ... | 1997 | 9237396 |
| phytoalexin production elicited by exogenously applied jasmonic acid in rice leaves (oryza sativa l.) is under the control of cytokinins and ascorbic acid. | jasmonic acid (ja) has been shown to be a signaling compound which elicits the production of secondary metabolites including phytoalexins in plants. it has been shown that the phytoalexin production is elicited by exogenously applied ja in rice leaves. we now show that this phytoalexin production by exogenously applied ja is significantly counteracted by cytokinins, kinetin and zeatin. kinetin and zeatin also inhibit the induction of naringenin-7-o-methyltransferase (a key enzyme in rice phytoal ... | 1997 | 9257690 |
| a reversibly glycosylated polypeptide (rgp1) possibly involved in plant cell wall synthesis: purification, gene cloning, and trans-golgi localization. | we purified from pea (pisum sativum) tissue an approximately 40 kda reversibly glycosylated polypeptide (rgp1) that can be glycosylated by udp-glc, udp-xyl, or udp-gal, and isolated a cdna encoding it, apparently derived from a single-copy gene (rgp1). its predicted translation product has 364 aminoacyl residues and molecular mass of 41.5 kda. rgp1 appears to be a membrane-peripheral protein. immunogold labeling localizes it specifically to trans-golgi dictyosomal cisternae. along with other evi ... | 1997 | 9207152 |
| differential induction of pyruvate decarboxylase subunits and transcripts in anoxic rice seedlings. | in 2-d-old rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings subjected to anoxic stress, pyruvate decarboxylase (pdc) activity increased 9-fold during a 168-h period. a polyclonal pdc antiserum that recognized alpha- and beta-subunits was used to quantify pdc protein by an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay and showed a 5.6-fold increase, suggesting that the anoxically induced enzyme has a higher specific activity than the pdc isoform present under normoxia. immunoblot analysis showed that levels of both pdc subu ... | 1997 | 9232881 |
| involvement of soluble proteinous factors in auxin-induced modulation of p-type atpase in rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings. | the marked difference in auxin sensitivity between plant roots and shoots was studied in terms of auxin-induced stimulation of membrane p-type atpase. the results suggest the existence in rice seedlings of, at least, two isoforms of soluble proteinous factors (spf), spf(i) and spf(ii), which are involved in the stimulatory action of auxin on the enzyme. it also is indicated that spf(i) which mediates the auxin effect in low hormone concentration range (10(-10)-10(-7) m iaa) is the dominant isofo ... | 1997 | 9202160 |
| a group 3 lea cdna of rice, responsive to abscisic acid, but not to jasmonic acid, shows variety-specific differences in salt stress response. | a cdna clone oslea3, encoding a group 3 late-embryogenesis abundant (lea) protein was isolated from roots of rice seedlings (oryza sativa l.). the encoded oslea3 protein has previously been found to accumulate to higher levels in roots of two salt-tolerant compared to a salt-sensitive rice variety in response to abscisic acid (aba) [moons et al., 1995. plant physiol. 107, 177-186]. the oslea3 protein (mr 20.5, pi 6.5) characteristically contains ten imperfect 11-mer amino acid repeats. exogenous ... | 1997 | 9218720 |
| does decrease in ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase by antisense rbcs lead to a higher n-use efficiency of photosynthesis under conditions of saturating co2 and light in rice plants? | rice (oryza sativa l.) plants with decreased ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rubisco) were obtained by transformation with the rice rbcs antisense gene under the control of the rice rbcs promoter. the primary transformants were screened for the rubisco to leaf n ratio, and the transformant with 65% wild-type rubisco was selected as a plant set with optimal rubisco content at saturating co2 partial pressures for photosynthesis under conditions of high irradiance and 25[deg]c. this optimal ... | 1997 | 12223722 |
| expression of arginine decarboxylase in seedlings of indica rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivars as affected by salinity stress. | the effect of salinity stress on the activity of arginine decarboxylase (adc, ec 4.1.1.19), the first enzyme in biosynthesis of polyamines (pa) from arginine, as well as its transcript level has been compared in salt-sensitive (m-1-48) and salt-tolerant (pokkali) rice cultivars. treatment of 72 h grown seedlings either with increasing concentrations of nacl or with 150 mm nacl for different time periods, showed a gradual increase of activity in pokkali. in m-1-48 an immediate increase followed b ... | 1997 | 9225858 |
| comparative evaluation of within-cultivar variation of rice (oryza sativa l.) using microsatellite and rflp markers. | the objective of this study was to determine an efficient way of detecting within-cultivar variation in rice varieties obtained from national and international germplasm collections. seventy-one rice cultivars were evaluated for within-cultivar variation using a combination of phenotypic, rflp, and microsatellite or simple sequence length polymorphism (sslp). variation between individuals within and accession and between duplicate accessions within a cultivar was detected even in cultivars that ... | 1997 | 9202415 |
| transgenic rice (oryza sativa) endosperm expressing daffodil (narcissus pseudonarcissus) phytoene synthase accumulates phytoene, a key intermediate of provitamin a biosynthesis. | rice (oryza sativa l.), the major food staple for more than two billion people, contains neither beta-carotene (provitamin a) nor c40 carotenoid precursors thereof in its endosperm. to improve the nutritional value of rice, genetic engineering was chosen as a means to introduce the ability to make beta-carotene into rice endosperm tissue. investigation of the biochemical properties of immature rice endosperm using [14c]-labelled substrates revealed the presence of geranyl geranyl diphosphate, th ... | 1997 | 9193076 |
| transient expression of multiple genes in salinity-stressed young seedlings of rice (oryza sativa l.) cv. bura rata. | to date only about 15 abundantly expressed osmoresponsive genes/proteins have been described in rice cultivars. using in vivo radiolabeling followed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and autoradiography, a record number of at least 35 salinity stress-induced polypeptides (14-90 kda) and 17 salt stress-repressed polypeptides were detected in a halotolerant indica rice cultivar bura rata. these include > 20 hitherto unreported rice polypeptides that exhibited a low abundance, short-term expressio ... | 1997 | 9168910 |
| activity and distribution of methane-oxidizing bacteria in flooded rice soil microcosms and in rice plants (oryza sativa). | the activity and distribution of ch(inf4)-oxidizing bacteria (mob) in flooded rice (oryza sativa) soil microcosms was investigated. ch(inf4) oxidation was shown to occur in undisturbed microcosms by using (sup14)ch(inf4), and model calculations indicated that almost 90% of the oxidation measured had taken place at a depth where only roots could provide the o(inf2) necessary. slurry from soil planted with rice had an apparent k(infm) for ch(inf4) of 4 (mu)m and a v(infmax) of 0.1 (mu)mol g (dry w ... | 1997 | 16535562 |
| expansins and internodal growth of deepwater rice. | the distribution and activity of the cell wall-loosening protein expansin is correlated with internodal growth in deepwater rice (oryza sativa l.). acid-induced extension of native cell walls and reconstituted extension of boiled cell walls were confined to the growing region of the internode, i.e. to the intercalary meristem (im) and the elongation zone. immunolocalization by tissue printing and immunoblot analysis, using antibody against cucumber expansin 29 as a probe, confirmed that rice exp ... | 1997 | 12223665 |
| genetics of hybrid sterility and hybrid breakdown in an intersubspecific rice (oryza sativa l.) population. | f1 hybrid sterility and "hybrid breakdown" of f2 and later generations in rice (oryza sativa l.) are common and genetically complicated. we used a restriction fragment length polymorphism linkage map and f4 progeny testing to investigate hybrid sterility and hybrid breakdown in a cross between "widely compatible" o. sativa ssp. japonica cultivar lemont from the southern u.s. and ssp. indica cultivar teqing from china. our results implicate different genetic mechanisms in hybrid sterility and hyb ... | 1997 | 9093864 |