Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| method development for the determination of iron in milligram amounts of rice plants (oryza sativa l.) from cultivation experiments using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. | the amount of sample that is available for analysis in laboratory plant cultivation experiments is usually very limited. highly sensitive analytical techniques are therefore required, even for elements that are present in the plants at mg g(-1) concentrations, and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (gfaas) was chosen in this work because of its micro-sampling capability, and its relatively simple operation. four micro-methods were investigated for the determination of iron in roots ... | 2003 | 12861434 |
| hydraulic properties of rice and the response of gas exchange to water stress. | we investigated the role of xylem cavitation, plant hydraulic conductance, and root pressure in the response of rice (oryza sativa) gas exchange to water stress. in the field (philippines), the percentage loss of xylem conductivity (plc) from cavitation exceeded 60% in leaves even in watered controls. the plc versus leaf water potential relationship indicated diurnal refilling of cavitated xylem. the leaf water potential causing 50 plc (p(50)) was -1.6 mpa and did not differ between upland versu ... | 2003 | 12857848 |
| effect of irradiance on the partitioning of assimilated carbon during the early phase of grain filling in rice. | low irradiance in the early phase of grain filling in rice often results in a low grain yield, but its effects on the partitioning of previously or recently assimilated carbon within the plant or panicle have not been seriously examined. the objective of this study was to demonstrate the effect of shading during the different stages in the early phase of grain filling on the partitioning of previously or recently assimilated carbon among constituent organs and into superior and inferior spikelet ... | 2003 | 12853283 |
| production of doubled haploids through anther culture of m1 rice plants derived from mutagenized fertilized egg cells. | to produce stable mutants from mankeumbyeo, a japonica rice (oryza sativa l.) variety, we estimated the mutation efficiency of ethyl methane sulfonate (ems) and n-methyl-n-nitrosourea (mnu) on fertilized egg cells using doubled haploids (dhs) derived from anther culture of m1 plants. m1 seed production and germination were higher in 1 mm mnu than in 94.2 mm ems. a total of 68 dhs (35.4%) were regenerated by anther culture of m1 plants. twenty-one dhs (30.9%) were stable mutants, 14 dhs (20.6%) w ... | 2003 | 12845474 |
| an ap2/erebp-type transcription-factor gene from rice is cold-inducible and encodes a nuclear-localized protein. | we cloned an ap2/erebp gene by dot blotting and named it osdrebl. analysis of its deduced amino-acid sequence indicated that this protein had a potential nuclear-localization signal, a possible acidic-activation domain and an ap2 dna binding domain. northern analysis showed that the transcripts of osdrebl accumulated rapidly (within 30 min) in response to low temperature, but not in response to aba, nacl and dehydration treatments. southern analysis indicated the presence of a single-copy of the ... | 2003 | 12844217 |
| biochemical and molecular characterization of a rice glutelin allele for the glua-1 gene. | the rice ( oryza sativa l.) mutant of glu4a, lacking the glutelin alpha-2 subunit while the alpha-1 subunit increased (alpha-1h/alpha-2l), was used in this study. two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis revealed that the mutant lacked the polypeptide pi6.71/alpha-2 encoded by glu4 while forming a new polypeptide of pi6.50/alpha-1. experiments were conducted to identify the relationships between the mutated polypeptides of the mutant and to illustrate the mutation mechanism of the allele. peptid ... | 2003 | 12835929 |
| rice ubiquitin promoters: deletion analysis and potential usefulness in plant transformation systems. | strong constitutive promoters form a cornerstone for basic and applied research using transgenic plants. gus (beta-glucuronidase) expression levels from constructs containing rubq1 or rub2 rice ubiquitin promoters were 8- to 35-fold higher in transgenic rice [oryza sativa (l.)] plants, respectively, when compared to the 35s promoter. deletion analysis of the 5'-upstream region of rubq2 revealed a putative enhancer region that produced a 2.4-fold increase in transient gus expression. southern blo ... | 2003 | 12827439 |
| a snapshot of the low temperature stress transcriptome of developing rice seedlings (oryza sativa l.) via ests from subtracted cdna library. | rice (oryza sativa l.) is sensitive to chilling particularly during early seedling development. given the biochemical complexity of tolerance mechanisms, genetic potential for this trait depends on highly coordinated expression of many genes. we used a simple cdna subtraction strategy to develop expressed sequence tags (ests) that represent an important subset of cold stress-upregulated genes. the 3,084 subtracted cdna clones represent a total of 1,967 unigenes from 1,354 singletons and 613 cont ... | 2003 | 12827255 |
| family 19 chitinase from rice (oryza sativa l.): substrate-binding subsites demonstrated by kinetic and molecular modeling studies. | a family 19 chitinase (oschia1c, class i) from rice, oryza sativa l., and its chitin-binding domain-truncated mutant (oschia1c deltacbd, class ii) were produced by the pichia expression system, and the hydrolytic mechanism toward n-acetylglucosamine hexasaccharide [(glcnac)6] was investigated by hplc analysis of the reaction products. the profile of the time-course of (glcnac)6 degradation obtained by oschia1c was identical to that obtained by oschia1c deltacbd, indicating that the chitin-bindin ... | 2003 | 12825688 |
| osset1, a novel set-domain-containing gene from rice. | a novel set-domain-containing gene osset1 was isolated from rice (oryza sativa l.). its deduced protein consists of 895 amino acids. osset1 has a high degree of structure similarity to other set-domain-containing genes such as clf in higher plants and e(z) in animals. rt-pcr showed that the gene expresses throughout the entire plant. a transient expression assay in onion epidermis revealed that the osset1 protein is localized in nuclei. over-expression of the set domain of osset1 in arabidopsis ... | 2003 | 12815033 |
| mapping quantitative trait loci underlying appearance quality of rice grains (oryza sativa l.). | ninety-eight backcross inbred lines (bils) derived from a subspecific cross of nipponbare (japonica)/kasalath (indica)//nipponbare and its genetic linkage map were used to identify quantitative trait locus (qtl) controlling rice appearance quality traits such as grain length (gl), grain width (gw), length-width ratio (lwr), percentage of grains with chalkiness (pgwc), square of chalky endosperm (sce), degree of endosperm chalkiness (dec) and grain endosperm transparency (get) by composite interv ... | 2003 | 12812091 |
| qtl and epistatic interaction underlying leaf chlorophyll and h2o2 content variation in rice (oryza sativa l.). | it is meaningful to study the genetics of the traits associated with photosynthesis such as leaf chlorophyll and h2o2 contents for high yield breeding in rice. a mapping population of 98 bc1f9 lines (backcross inbred lines, bil), derived from a backcross of nipponbare (japonica)/kasalath(indica)//nipponbare by the single-seed-descent methods, was employed to map quantitative trait loci (qtl) underlying such rice traits as leaf chlorophyll and h2o2 contents. five and two qtls were detected for le ... | 2003 | 12812090 |
| [synonymous codon usage bias in the rice cultivar 93-11 (oryza sativa l. ssp. indica)]. | by using the whole genome sequences and est data from the indica rice cultivar 93-11, a detailed relative analysis is made of the effect of some impact factors on synonymous codon usage. the results showed that the gene expression level assessed by mrna abundance is positive relative to the "codon adaptation index" (cai, 0.227**), and "codon preference parameter" (cpp, 0.145**), but negative relative to "effective number of codons" (enc, -0.147**), indicating that genes with higher expression sh ... | 2003 | 12812058 |
| rice seedlings release momilactone b into the environment. | since the growth inhibitor momilactone b was found recently in root exudates of rice (oryza sativa l.), 3-day-old rice seedlings were transferred to hydroponic culture and the level of momilactone b released into the environment from the seedlings was measured. at day 15 after transfer, the level of momilactone b in the culture solution was 1.8 nmol per seedling compared with endogenous levels of 0.32 and 0.63 nmol per root and shoot, respectively, suggesting that rice seedlings actively release ... | 2003 | 12809715 |
| anoxia tolerance in rice roots acclimated by several different periods of hypoxia. | rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings were subjected to hypoxic pretreatment (h-pt; incubated in 5% o2 atmosphere) for various lengths of time followed by an anoxic stress. anoxia tolerance of rice roots was improved with increasing duration of h-pt, but longer h-pt than 12 h gave no additional improvement. concentrations of atp and ethanol, and activities of pyruvate decarboxylase (ec 4.1.1.1) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.1) in the roots were increased by h-pt, and the times and patterns of i ... | 2003 | 12806786 |
| genomic comparison of p-type atpase ion pumps in arabidopsis and rice. | members of the p-type atpase ion pump superfamily are found in all three branches of life. forty-six p-type atpase genes were identified in arabidopsis, the largest number yet identified in any organism. the recent completion of two draft sequences of the rice (oryza sativa) genome allows for comparison of the full complement of p-type atpases in two different plant species. here, we identify a similar number (43) in rice, despite the rice genome being more than three times the size of arabidops ... | 2003 | 12805592 |
| differential expression of three members of the amt1 gene family encoding putative high-affinity nh4+ transporters in roots of oryza sativa subspecies indica. | in order to investigate the molecular basis of high-affinity ammonium absorption by roots of rice plants (oryza sativa subspecies indica) the expression patterns of three members of the amt1 family of genes in rice seedling roots in response to altered nitrogen provision and diurnal changes in irradiance were examined. the 13nh4+ influx and transcript levels of osamt1.1 in roots decreased several fold within 48 h when plants acclimated to 10 micro m external nh4+ for 3 weeks were transferred to ... | 2003 | 12803618 |
| role of abscisic acid in cadmium tolerance of rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings. | changes in abscisic acid (aba) contents in cd-treated rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings of two cultivars were investigated. on treatment with cdcl2, the aba content rapidly increased in the leaves and roots of cd-tolerant cultivar (cv. tainung 67, tng67) but not in the cd-sensitive cultivar (cv. taichung native 1, tn1). the reduction of transpiration rate of tn1 caused by cd was less than that of tng67. exogenous application of aba reduced transpiration rate, decreased cd content, and enhanced cd ... | 2003 | 12803614 |
| control of water uptake by rice ( oryza sativa l.): role of the outer part of the root. | a new pressure-perfusion technique was used to measure hydraulic and osmotic properties of the outer part of roots (opr) of 30-day-old rice plants (lowland cultivar: ir64, and upland cultivar: azucena). the opr comprised rhizodermis, exodermis, sclerenchyma and one cortical cell layer. the technique involved perfusion of aerenchyma of segments from two different root zones (20-50 mm and 50-100 mm from the tip) at precise rates using aerated nutrient solution. the hydraulic conductivity of the op ... | 2003 | 12783327 |
| identification of rice (oryza sativa) proteins linked to the cyclin-mediated regulation of the cell cycle. | yeast two-hybrid assays were used to identify rice proteins interacting with two rice cyclins and other proteins potentially involved in cell cycling. the dna sequences encoding 119 protein fragments identified were then compared by blast against proteins in genbank. the proteins found include myosin-like proteins, transcription factors, kinesins, centromere proteins and undefined proteins. based on interactions with cyclins and other elements required for cycling, we believe the undefined prote ... | 2003 | 14750518 |
| the osfor1 gene encodes a polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (pgip) that regulates floral organ number in rice. | we have isolated a cdna clone, osfor1, from the immature panicles of rice. the osfor1 (oryza sativa floral organ regulator 1) gene encodes a protein that contains a leucine-rich repeat (lrr) domain. this domain comprises 10 tandem repeats of a canonical 24-amino acid lrr sequence. the structure and the number of lrrs for osfor1 are similar to those of polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (pgips) from various other plant species. moreover, the osfor1 recombinant protein, when fused to maltose-bi ... | 2003 | 14750524 |
| characterization of all the subunits of replication factor c from a higher plant, rice (oryza sativa l.), and their relation to development. | replication factor c (rfc), which is composed of five subunits, is an important factor involved in dna replication and repair mechanisms. following previous studies on the rfc3 homologue from rice (oryza sativa l. cv. nipponbare) (osrfc3), we succeeded in isolating and characterizing one large and three small subunits of rfc homologues from the same rice species and termed them osrfc1, osrfc2, osrfc4 and osrfc5. the plant was found to have all rfc subunits known in yeasts, human and other eukary ... | 2003 | 14756303 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel rice ca2+-regulated protein kinase gene involved in responses to diverse signals including cold, light, cytokinins, sugars and salts. | we have isolated a cold-inducible gene (designated osck1) from oryza sativa by a differential cdna screening technique. sequence analysis indicated that the open reading frame of the osck1 gene consists of 1350 bp encoding 449 amino acid residues, which is very similar to a family of calcineurin b-like protein (cbl)-interacting protein kinases (cipks) or salt overly sensitive 2 (sos2)-like protein kinases (pks) in arabidopsis. cipks/pks are a group of ser/thr protein kinases associated with the ... | 2003 | 14682618 |
| biogeochemistry of fluoride in a plant-solution system. | fluoride (f-) pollutants can harm plants and the animals feeding on them. however, it is largely unknown how complexing and chelating agents affect f bioavailability. two studies were conducted that measured f- bioavailability and uptake by rice (oryza sativa l.). in the first study, rice was grown in solution culture (ph 5.0) with 0, 2, or 4 mm f- as kf to compare the interaction of f- with humic acid (ha) and with a conventional chelating agent, n-hydroxyethylenthylenediaminetriacetic acid (he ... | 2003 | 14674546 |
| joint effects of elevated levels of ultraviolet-b radiation, carbon dioxide and ozone on plants. | there is growing interest regarding the joint effects of elevated levels of surface ultraviolet b (uv-b) radiation, carbon dioxide (co2) and ozone (o3) on plants. our current knowledge of this subject is too limited to draw any specific conclusions, although one might state that such effects are likely to be highly species dependent and may be more than additive, additive or less than additive. there are a number of uncertainties associated with the experimental protocols used and the conclusion ... | 2003 | 14743861 |
| proteome analysis of hairy root from panax ginseng c.a. meyer using peptide fingerprinting, internal sequencing and expressed sequence tag data. | as an initial step to the comprehensive proteomic analysis of panax ginseng c. a. meyer, protein mixtures extracted from the cultured hairy root of panax ginseng were separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-de). the protein spots were analyzed and identified by peptide finger printing and internal amino acid sequencing by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) and electrospray ionization quadrupole-time of flight mas ... | 2003 | 14673788 |
| analysis of the transcriptional response to rice yellow mottle virus infection in oryza sativa indica and japonica cultivars. | several cdna libraries were constructed using mrna isolated from roots, panicles, cell suspensions and leaves of non-stressed oryza sativa indica (ir64) and japonica (azucena) plants, from wounded leaves, and from leaves of both cultivars inoculated with rice yellow mottle virus (rymv). a total of 5549 cleaned expressed sequence tags (ests) were generated from these libraries. they were classified into functional categories on the basis of homology, and analyzed for redundancy within each librar ... | 2003 | 14564505 |
| effect of fly ash, organic wastes and chemical fertilizers on yield, nutrient uptake, heavy metal content and residual fertility in a rice-mustard cropping sequence under acid lateritic soils. | a field experiment was conducted for two years in sandy loam acid lateritic soil to study the direct effect of fly ash, organic wastes and chemical fertilizers on rice (oryza sativa) and their residual effect on mustard (brassica napus var glauca) grown in sequence. rice yields were higher when fly ash, organic wastes and chemical fertilizers were used in an integrated manner as compared to sole application of chemical fertilizers. yields of mustard were also higher under the residual effect of ... | 2003 | 14575950 |
| importance of ascorbate peroxidases osapx1 and osapx2 in the rice pathogen response pathways and growth and reproduction revealed by their transcriptional profiling. | we have identified and characterized two rice ascorbate peroxidase (osapx1 and osapx2) genes against diverse signals known to involve in defense/stress responses, using "2-week-old rice seedling in vitro model system". oryza sativa ascorbate peroxidase 1 and 2 (osapx1/2) share 83% similarity to each other at amino acid level and belong to a small gene family in the rice genome. osapx1/2 show a weak constitutive expression in leaves. their transcripts were up-regulated upon wounding (by cut), and ... | 2003 | 14644501 |
| evolutionarily conserved cytoprotection provided by bax inhibitor-1 homologs from animals, plants, and yeast. | programmed cell death (pcd) plays important roles in the development and physiology of both animals and plants, but it is unclear whether similar mechanisms are employed. bax inhibitor-1 (bi-1) is an intracellular multi-membrane-spanning protein and cell death inhibitor, originally identified by a function-based screen for mammalian cdnas capable of suppressing cell death in yeast engineered to ectopically express the pro-apoptotic protein bax. using this yeast assay, we screened expression libr ... | 2003 | 14659883 |
| influence and persistence of phorate and carbofuran insecticides on microorganisms in rice field. | an experiment was conducted in microplots (4 m x 4 m) with two insecticides, phorate and carbofuran at rates of 1.5 and 1.0 kga.i.ha(-1) respectively, to investigate its effect on the population and distribution of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi as well as the persistence of the insecticidal residues in rhizosphere soils of rice (oryza sativa l., variety ir-50). application of the insecticides stimulated the population of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi in the rhizosphere soils, and the sti ... | 2003 | 14505726 |
| plant-specific regulation of replication protein a2 (osrpa2) from rice during the cell cycle and in response to ultraviolet light exposure. | dna replication is a process that is highly conserved among eukaryotes. nonetheless, little is known about the proteins involved in it in plants. replication protein a (rpa) is a heterotrimeric, single-stranded dna-binding protein with several functions in dna metabolism in humans and yeast and supposedly also in plants. here we report on the regulation of osrpa2, the 32-kda subunit of rpa from rice ( oryza sativa l.). we found conserved regulation mechanisms at the level of gene expression betw ... | 2003 | 14520573 |
| a polycomb group gene of rice (oryza sativa l. subspecies indica), osiez1, codes for a nuclear-localized protein expressed preferentially in young seedlings and during reproductive development. | the set domains are conserved amino acid sequences present in chromosomal proteins that contribute to the epigenetic control of gene expression by altering regional organization of the chromatin structure. the set domain proteins are divided into four subgroups as categorized by their drosophila members; enhancer of zeste (e(z)), trithorax (trx), absent small or homeotic 1 (ash1) and supressor of variegation (su(var)3-9). homologs of all four classes have been characterized in yeast, mammals and ... | 2003 | 14527713 |
| functional characterization of two flap endonuclease-1 homologues in rice. | flap endonuclease-1 (fen-1) is an important enzyme involved in dna replication and repair. previously, we isolated and characterized a complementary dna (cdna) from rice (oryza sativa) encoding a protein which shows homology with the eukaryotic flap endonuclease-1 (fen-1). in this report, we found that rice (o. sativa l. cv. nipponbare) possessed two fen-1 homologues designated as osfen-1a and osfen-1b. the osfen-1a and osfen-1b genes were mapped to chromosome 5 and 3, respectively. both genes c ... | 2003 | 14527718 |
| expression of a bifunctional fusion of the escherichia coli genes for trehalose-6-phosphate synthase and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase in transgenic rice plants increases trehalose accumulation and abiotic stress tolerance without stunting growth. | trehalose plays an important role in stress tolerance in plants. trehalose-producing, transgenic rice (oryza sativa) plants were generated by the introduction of a gene encoding a bifunctional fusion (tpsp) of the trehalose-6-phosphate (t-6-p) synthase (tps) and t-6-p phosphatase (tpp) of escherichia coli, under the control of the maize (zea mays) ubiquitin promoter (ubi1). the high catalytic efficiency (seo et al., 2000) of the fusion enzyme and the single-gene engineering strategy make this an ... | 2003 | 12586876 |
| methane and nitrous oxide emissions from an irrigated rice of north india. | upland rice was grown in the kharif season (june-september) under irrigated condition in new delhi, india (28 degree 40'n and 77 degree 12'e) to monitor ch4 and n2o emission, as influenced by fertilizer urea, ammonium sulphate and potassium nitrate alone (at 120 kg ha-1) and mixed with dicyandiamide (dcd), added at 10% of applied n. the experimental soil was a typic ustochrept (inceptisol), clay loam, in which rice (oryza sativa l., var. pusa-169, duration: 120-125 days) was grown and ch4 and n2 ... | 2003 | 12591251 |
| characterization of transgenic rice plants over-expressing the stress-inducible beta-glucanase gene gns1. | the gns1 gene of rice (oryza sativa l. japonica) encodes 1,3;1,4-beta glucanase (ec 3.2.1.73), which hydrolyzes 1,3;1,4-beta-glucosidic linkages on 1,3;1,4-beta-glucan, an important component of cell walls in the poaceae family. rna and protein gel blot analyses demonstrated that blast disease or dark treatment induced the expression of the gns1 gene. to assess the function of the gns1 gene in disease resistance, we characterized transgenic rice plants constitutively expressing the gns1 gene. th ... | 2003 | 12602898 |
| the promoter of a rice glycine-rich protein gene, osgrp-2, confers vascular-specific expression in transgenic plants. | the genomic sequence of a rice (oryza sativa l.) glycine-rich protein (grp) gene, designated osgrp-2, has been previously determined (genbank u40708). primer extension analysis indicated that transcription starts 47 bp upstream of the translation start codon. to gain an insight into the transcriptional regulation of this gene, the 2,401-bp promoter sequence and a series of its 5' deletions were transcriptionally fused to the beta-glucuronidase (gus) gene. gus activity was subsequently assayed in ... | 2003 | 12624770 |
| chronopathological aspects of disease incidence in rice (oryza sativa l.). | rice seedlings maintained under uncontrolled glasshouse conditions were inoculated with conidial suspensions of a fungal pathogen, helminthosporium oryzae, at various times during the 24h. significant increase in the percent germination and germ tube length of conidia were observed in the rice samples inoculated at 02:00 and 06:00h. the 24 h temporal variation in leaf temperature was positively correlated with variation in stomatal movements. the results indicate a 24 h rhythm in the behavior of ... | 2003 | 12638692 |
| sucrose-phosphatase gene families in plants. | sucrose-phosphatase (spp; ec 3.1.3.24) catalyzes the final step in the pathway of sucrose biosynthesis and higher plants contain multiple isoforms of the enzyme encoded by different genes. the genome of the dicotyledonous plant arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) contains four spp-like genes on chromosomes 1 (atspp1), 2 (atspp2) and 3 (atspp3a and atspp3b), all of which are expressed. the genome of the monocotyledonous plant rice (oryza sativa) also contains four spp-like genes, which have very s ... | 2003 | 12559580 |
| arsenic contamination of bangladesh paddy field soils: implications for rice contribution to arsenic consumption. | arsenic contaminated groundwater is used extensively in bangladesh to irrigate the staple food of the region, paddy rice (oryza sativa l.). to determine if this irrigation has led to a buildup of arsenic levels in paddy fields, and the consequences for arsenic exposure through rice ingestion, a survey of arsenic levels in paddy soils and rice grain was undertaken. survey of paddy soils throughout bangladesh showed that arsenic levels were elevated in zones where arsenic in groundwater used for i ... | 2003 | 12564892 |
| regulation of biosynthesis and intracellular localization of rice and tobacco homologues of nucleosome assembly protein 1. | the nucleosome assembly protein 1 (nap1) is considered to be a conserved histone chaperone, facilitating the assembly of nucleosomes in all eukaryotes. however, studies in yeast and animal cells also indicated that nap1 proteins have diverse functions likely independent of nucleosome-assembly activity. here, we describe the isolation and characterization of cdnas encoding nap1-like proteins from the monocotyledon rice ( oryza sativa l.) and the dicotyledon tobacco ( nicotiana tabacum l.). northe ... | 2003 | 12569397 |
| expression and localization of human lysozyme in the endosperm of transgenic rice. | in order to understand the characteristics of recombinant protein expression and sublocalization in rice ( oryza sativa l.) endosperm, we examined the expression level of human lysozyme protein and its subcellular location in transgenic rice seeds driven by rice glutelin and globulin promoters and signal peptides. a time course of human lysozyme expression during endosperm development was analyzed. the results showed that the expression profile of recombinant protein accumulation in endosperm pa ... | 2003 | 12569401 |
| overexpression of bax inhibitor suppresses the fungal elicitor-induced cell death in rice (oryza sativa l) cells. | treatment of suspension-cultured cells of rice (oryza sativa l.) with cell wall extract of rice blast fungus (magnaporthe grisea) elicits a rapid generation of h2o2, alkalinization of culture medium, and eventual cell death. to elucidate genes involved in these processes, we exploited sage (serial analysis of gene expression) technique for the molecular analysis of cell death in suspension-cultured cells treated with the elicitor. among the downregulated genes in the elicitor-treated cells, a bi ... | 2003 | 12581301 |
| effects of fly ash and helminthosporium oryzae on growth and yield of three cultivars of rice. | a 120-day greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effects of various fly ash concentrations (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% vol/vol) with normal field soil and helminthosporium oryzae on the growth and yield of three cultivars (pusa basmati, pant-4 and pant-10) of rice, oryza sativa l. application of 20% and 40% fly ash with soil caused a significant increase in plant growth and yield of all the three cultivars. forty percent fly ash caused a higher increase in growth and yield than di ... | 2003 | 12421012 |
| isolation and characterization of two fructokinase cdna clones from rice. | two cdna clones, osfki and osfkii, encoding fructokinase (ec 2.7.1.4) were isolated from immature seeds of rice (oryza sativa l.) by pcr. osfki cdna encoded a deduced protein of 323 amino acids that was 59-71% identical to previously characterized plant fructokinases. in contrast, osfkii cdna encoded a deduced protein of 336 amino acids that shared only 64% amino acid identity with osfki. the deduced proteins both possessed an atp-binding motif and putative substrate recognition site sequences t ... | 2003 | 12475618 |
| metabolism of homocysteine-thiolactone in plants. | editing of the amino acid homocysteine (hcy) by certain aminoacyl-trna synthetases results in the formation of an intramolecular thioester, hcy-thiolactone. here we show that the plant yellow lupin, lupinus luteus, has the ability to synthesize hcy-thiolactone. the inhibition of methylation of hcy to methionine by the anitifolate drug aminopterin results in greatly enhanced synthesis of hcy-thiolactone by l. luteus plants. methionine inhibits the synthesis of hcy-thiolactone in l. luteus, sugges ... | 2003 | 12496251 |
| polyphyletic origin of cultivated rice: based on the interspersion pattern of sines. | the wild rice species oryza rufipogon with wide intraspecific variation is thought to be the progenitor of the cultivated rice species oryza sativa with two ecotypes, japonica and indica. to determine the origin of cultivated rice, subfamily members of the rice retroposon p-sine1, which show insertion polymorphism in the o. sativa -o. rufipogon population, were identified and used to "bar code" each of 101 cultivated and wild rice strains based on the presence or absence of the p-sine1 members a ... | 2003 | 12519908 |
| the plant mite mping is mobilized in anther culture. | transposable elements constitute a large portion of eukaryotic genomes and contribute to their evolution and diversification. miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (mites) constitute one of the main groups of transposable elements and are distributed ubiquitously in the genomes of plants and animals such as maize, rice, arabidopsis, human, insect and nematode. because active mites have not been identified, the transposition mechanism of mites and their accumulation in eukaryotic genome ... | 2003 | 12520303 |
| a host-specific bacteria-to-plant signal molecule (nod factor) enhances germination and early growth of diverse crop plants. | lipo-chitooligosaccharides (lcos), or nod factors, are host-specific bacteria-to-plant signal molecules essential for the establishment of a successful n(2)-fixing legume-rhizobia symbiosis. at submicromolar concentrations nod factors induce physiological changes in host and non-host plants. here we show that the nod factor nod bj v(c18:1,mefuc) of bradyrhizobium japonicum 532c enhances germination of a variety of economically important plants belonging to diverse botanical families: zea mays, o ... | 2003 | 12520335 |
| effect of phenol on ultra structure and plasmid dna of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | most phenolic substances of plant origin are toxic to microorganisms and they confer some degree of protection to plants against phytopathogens. xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, bacterial blight pathogen of rice (oryza sativa) was treated with phenol (monohydroxy benzene) and its effects on the morphology and cytological changes of the bacterium were studied. total lysis of cells occurred with 5 mm conc of phenol while at 2 mm conc, the cell walls became rough and cell contents started shrinking. ... | 2003 | 15267140 |
| is it possible to detect echinochloa spp. tolerance to accase-inhibiting herbicides using a simple quick tolerance test? | the objective of this work was to evaluate the reliability of one quick tolerance test that would enable us, in only six days, to quantify tolerance levels of one biotype to one or more herbicides. for this purpose, we evaluated tolerance levels to cyhalofop-butyl of five echinochloa spp. biotypes: muricata, crus-galli, crus-pavonis, oryzicola and utilis, with unknown records of herbicide treatment. moreover, two biotypes of echinochloa phyllopogon were tested, one of them resistant (r) to fenox ... | 2003 | 15149127 |
| cestrum yellow leaf curling virus (cmylcv) promoter: a new strong constitutive promoter for heterologous gene expression in a wide variety of crops. | appropriately regulated gene expression requires a suitable promoter. a number of promoters have been isolated and shown to be functional in plants, but only a few of them activate transcription of transgenes at high levels constitutively. we report here the cloning and characterization of a novel, constitutively expressed promoter isolated from cestrum yellow leaf curling virus (cmylcv), a double-stranded dna plant pararetrovirus belonging to the caulimoviridae family. the cmylcv promoter is hi ... | 2003 | 15010605 |
| effects of bacillus thuringiensis on non-target herbivore and natural enemy assemblages in tropical irrigated rice. | endotoxins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) produced in transgenic pest-resistant bt crops are generally not toxic to predatory and parasitic arthropods. however, elimination of bt-susceptible prey and hosts in bt crops could reduce predator and parasitoid abundance and thereby disrupt biological control of other herbivorous pests. here we report results of a field study evaluating the effects of bt sprays on non-target terrestrial herbivore and natural enemy assemblages from three rice (oryza s ... | 2003 | 15612416 |
| transgenic expression of trypsin inhibitor cme from barley in indica and japonica rice, confers resistance to the rice weevil sitophilus oryzae. | indica and japonica rice (oryza sativa l.) plants were transformed by particle bombardment with the itr1 gene encoding the barley trypsin inhibitor bti-cme, under the control of its own promoter that confers endosperm specificity, and the maize ubiquitin promoter. from 38 independent transgenic lines of indica (breeding line ir58) and 15 of the japonica (cv senia) selected, 22 and 11, respectively, expressed the barley inhibitor at detectable levels. the transgene was correctly translated as ind ... | 2003 | 12650522 |
| highly efficient production and characterization of t-dna plants for rice ( oryza sativa l.) functional genomics. | we investigated the potential of an improved agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation procedure of japonica rice ( oryza sativa l.) for generating large numbers of t-dna plants that are required for functional analysis of this model genome. using a t-dna construct bearing the hygromycin resistance ( hpt), green fluorescent protein ( gfp) and beta-glucuronidase ( gusa) genes, each individually driven by a camv 35s promoter, we established a highly efficient seed-embryo callus transformat ... | 2003 | 12677401 |
| high resolution genetic mapping and candidate gene identification at the xa5 locus for bacterial blight resistance in rice ( oryza sativa l.). | the xa5 resistance gene from rice provides recessive, race-specific resistance to bacterial blight of rice caused by the pathogen xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae. a high-resolution genetic map of the chromosomal region surrounding xa5 was developed by placing 44 dna markers on the distal end of rice chromosome 5. the basis for mapping was a pcr-based screening of 1,016 f(2) individuals derived from a cross between a near-isogenic line (nil) and its corresponding recurrent parent to identify recombi ... | 2003 | 12677405 |
| heat-tolerant basmati rice engineered by over-expression of hsp101. | rice is sensitive to high-temperature stress at almost all the stages of its growth and development. considering the crucial role of heat shock protein 101 (hsp 101) in imparting thermotolerance to cells, we introduced arabidopsis thaliana hsp101 (athsp101) cdna into the pusa basmati 1 cultivar of rice (oryza sativa l.) by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. stable integration and expression of the transgene into the rice genome was demonstrated by southern, northern and western blot analyses ... | 2003 | 12678556 |
| fine genetic mapping of a gene required for rice yellow mottle virus cell-to-cell movement. | the very high resistance to rice yellow mottle virus observed in the two rice varieties gigante ( oryza sativa) and tog 5681 ( o. glaberrima) is monogenic and recessive. bulked segregant analysis was carried out to identify aflp markers linked to the resistance gene. mapping of pcr-specific markers, caps and microsatellite markers on 429 individuals of an ir64 x gigante f(2) population pinpointed this resistance gene on the long arm of chromosome 4 in a 3.7-cm interval spanned by pcr markers. th ... | 2003 | 12679871 |
| "chitin-specific" peroxidases in plants. | the activity of various plant peroxidases and the ability of their individual isoforms to bind chitin was studied. some increase in peroxidase activity was observed in crude extracts in the presence of chitin. activated peroxidases of some species fell in the fraction not sorbed on chitin and those of other species can bind chitin. only anionic isoperoxidases from oat (avena sativa), rice (oryza sativa), horseradish (armoracia rusticana), garden radish (raphanus sativus var. radicula), peanut (a ... | 2003 | 12693984 |
| digestion rate of legume carbohydrates and glycemic index of legume-based meals. | a study was performed to examine the rate of digestion of available carbohydrate in legumes and its mixtures with cereals, prepared as commonly eaten. the legumes and cereals studied were lentil (lens sculenta), pea (pisum sativum), bean (phaseolus vulgaris, var tortola), rice (oryza sativa) and spaghetti. foods were purchased at the city market. total starch content and the carbohydrate digestion rates were determined using the enzymatic method proposed by englyst et al. total starch levels ran ... | 2003 | 12701368 |
| rice uv-damaged dna binding protein homologues are most abundant in proliferating tissues. | ultraviolet-damaged dna binding protein (uv-ddb) is an important factor involved in dna repair. to study the role of uv-ddb, we attempted to obtain the cdna and the protein of a plant uv-ddb. we succeeded in isolating both genes for uv-ddb subunits from rice (oryza sativa cv. nipponbare), designated as osuv-ddb1 and osuv-ddb2. osuv-ddb2 (65 kda) was much larger than human uv-ddb2, but immunoprecipitation and gel mobility shift assay suggested that osuv-ddb2 is a plant counterpart of uv-ddb2. the ... | 2003 | 12711392 |
| characterization of rice functional monosaccharide transporter, osmst5. | cdna of a monosaccharide transporter in rice, osmst5 (oryza sativa monosaccharide transporter 5) was cloned and its sugar transport activity was characterized by heterologous expression analysis. the amino acid sequence and topology were similar to the sequences and topology of other plant monosaccharide transporters. yeast cells co-expressed with osmst5 cdna transported some monosaccharide substrates. the transport rate increased when ethanol as an electron donor was added, so the transporter w ... | 2003 | 12723603 |
| novel gene encoding a ca2+-binding protein and under hexokinase-dependent sugar regulation. | a cdna encoding a predicted 15-kda protein was earlier isolated from sugar-induced genes in rice embryos (oryza sativa l.) by cdna microarray analysis. here we report that this cdna encodes a novel ca2+-binding protein, named ossur1 (for oryza sativa sugar-up-regulated-1). the recombinant ossur1 protein expressed in escherichia coli had 45ca2+-binding activity. northern analysis showed that the ossur1 gene was expressed mainly in the internodes of mature plants and in embryos at an early stage o ... | 2003 | 12728997 |
| the high diversity of snornas in plants: identification and comparative study of 120 snorna genes from oryza sativa. | using a powerful computer-assisted analysis strategy, a large-scale search of small nucleolar rna (snorna) genes in the recently released draft sequence of the rice genome was carried out. this analysis identified 120 different box c/d snorna genes with a total of 346 gene variants, which were predicted to guide 135 2'-o-ribose methylation sites in rice rrnas. though not exhaustive, this analysis has revealed that rice has the highest number of known box c/d snornas among eukaryotes. interesting ... | 2003 | 12736310 |
| cdna cloning of a rab5 homologue in babesia gibsoni. | for studying protein trafficking in babesia-infected erythrocyte, we describe the cloning of a rab5, one of molecular marker for vesicle trafficking in eukaryotic cells, gene homologue in babesia gibsoni (bgrab5). the full-length cdna of bgrab5 is 1,020 bp long with an open reading frame encoding a protein of 220 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequence of bgrab5 contained the highly conserved gtp-binding consensus sequence and shares about 40% homology with that of rab5 from plasmodium falc ... | 2003 | 12736436 |
| expression of novel rice gibberellin 2-oxidase gene is under homeostatic regulation by biologically active gibberellins. | we have cloned two genes for gibberellin (ga) 2-oxidase from rice ( oryza sativa l.). expression of osga2ox2 was not observed. the other gene, osga2ox3, was expressed in every tissue examined and was enhanced by the application of biologically active ga. recombinant osga2ox3 protein catalyzed the metabolism of ga(1) to ga(8) and ga(20) to ga(29)-catabolite. these results indicate that osga2ox3 is involved in the homeostatic regulation of the endogenous level of biologically active ga in rice. | 2003 | 12736788 |
| isolation and functional characterization of the c-terminus of rice phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase in vitro. | a partial rice (oryza sativa l.) cdna clone, ospi4k1c, was isolated through screening of a cdna library constructed from tillering materials. ospi4k1c encoded a peptide of 608 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 68.4 kda. the ospi4k1c peptide shared high homology and possessed the highly conserved domains present in most isolated cloned pi4-kinases, i.e. a lipid kinase unique (lku) domain and a catalytic (cat) domain. a region with similarity to pleckstrin homology (ph) domain was pr ... | 2003 | 12737521 |
| cloning and prokaryotic expression of a cdna encoding a putative mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase in oryza sativa. | malate dehydrogenase (mdh) has been characterized as a key player in oxaloacetate (oaa) biosynthesis mechanism in citrate acid cycle that generates reducing powers for further assimilation in the whole cell. here we present the cloning, characterization and prokaryotic expression of a putative mdh (osmmdh) in oryza sativa. sequence alignment shows that there is a high homology between the deduced amino acid sequence of osmmdh and mdh portein in eucalyptus gunnii (80%), as well as between the ded ... | 2003 | 12751334 |
| the promoter of a metallothionein-like gene from the tropical tree casuarina glauca is active in both annual dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants. | a chimeric gene consisting of the beta-glucuronidase (gusa) reporter gene under the control of the metallothionein-like promoter cgmt1 from the tropical tree casuarina glauca was introduced into nicotiana tabacum via agrobacterium tumefaciens and into oryza sativa by particle bombardment. the strongest histochemical staining for gus activity was observed in the root system of the transgenic plants, and especially in lateral roots. in contrast, a relatively low level of reporter gene expression w ... | 2003 | 12779116 |
| identification and expression analysis of a gene encoding a bacterial-type phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from arabidopsis and rice. | phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (pepc) is distributed in plants and bacteria but is not found in fungi and animal cells. important motifs for enzyme activity and structure are conserved in plant and bacterial pepcs, with the exception of a phosphorylation domain present at the n terminus of all plant pepcs reported so far, which is absent in the bacterial enzymes. here, we describe a gene from arabidopsis, stated as atppc4, encoding a pepc, which shows more similarity to escherichia coli than to ... | 2003 | 12805623 |
| [a study on introduction of chitinase gene and beta-1,3-glucanase gene into restorer line of dian-type hybrid rice (oryza sativa l.) and enhanced resistance to blast (magnaporthe grisea)]. | plasmid pblgc containing chitinase gene from phaseolus limensis and beta-1,3-glucanase gene from nicotiana tabacum was bombarded into the restorer line "nan29" of dian-type hybrid rice (oryza sativa l. ssp. japonica) from yunnan province of south-west china. 93 regenerants were obtained from the calli that were resistant to g418 (100 to 150 mg/l) on nb medium. using beta-1,3 glucanase gene as the probe, 17 of the regenerants were identified to be transgenic lines by dot blotting and the foreign ... | 2003 | 12812057 |
| structure, heterologous expression, and properties of rice (oryza sativa l.) family 19 chitinases. | we identified four new family 19 chitinases in oryza sativa l. cv. nipponbare: one class i (oschia1d), two class ii (oschia2a and oschia2b), and one class iv (oschia4a). oschia2a resembled (about 60% identity) the catalytic domains of class i chitinases, but oschia2b was almost identical (95% identity) to that of the class iv enzyme. oschia1c, oschia1c deltacbd (a deletion of oschia1c lacking a chitin-binding domain, cbd), and oschia2b were separately expressed and purified in pichia pastoris. o ... | 2003 | 12834284 |
| improvement of rice (oryza sativa l.) seed oil quality through introduction of a soybean microsomal omega-3 fatty acid desaturase gene. | microsomal omega-3 fatty acid desaturase is an essential enzyme in the production of the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid during the seed developing stage. we have constructed a chimeric gene consisting of a maize ubi1-p-int and a soybean gmfad3 cdna, which was introduced into rice plants by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. ten transformants containing the chimeric gene were established and expression subsequently confirmed by northern blotting. furthermore, alpha-linole ... | 2003 | 12835909 |
| genetic variations of aa genome oryza species measured by mite-aflp. | mites (miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements) are the major transposable elements in oryza species. we have applied the mite-aflp technique to study the genetic variation and species relationship in the aa-genome oryza species. high polymorphism was detected within and between species. the genetic variation in the cultivated species, oryza sativa and oryza glaberrima, was comparatively lower than in their ancestral wild species. in comparison between geographical lineages of the aa gen ... | 2003 | 12845436 |
| mapping qtls influencing rice floral morphology using recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between oryza sativa l. and oryza rufipogon griff. | to understand the genetic basis of floral traits associated with the mating system in rice, we analyzed pistil, stamen and glume traits using a recombinant inbred line population, derived from a cross between an asian cultivated rice ( oryza sativa l.), pei-kuh, and a wild rice ( oryza rufipogon griff.), w1944. quantitative trait loci (qtls) affecting floral morphology were detected by composite interval mapping using a linkage map constructed using 147 markers, mostly rflps. a total of 7, 4, 14 ... | 2003 | 12845437 |
| distinct expression and function of three ammonium transporter genes (osamt1;1-1;3) in rice. | to study the regulation of ammonium uptake into rice roots, three ammonium transporter genes (osamt1;1, 1;2 and 1;3; oryza sativa ammonium transporter) were isolated and examined. osamt1s belong to amt1 family, containing 11 putative transmembrane-spanning domains. southern blot analysis and screening of the rice genome database confirmed that with osamt1;1-1;3 the complete amt1 family of rice had been isolated. heterologous expression of osamt1s in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant 3101 ... | 2003 | 12881500 |
| cloning, characterization and functional expression of a new beta-d-fructofuranosidase (os beta fruct2) cdna from oryza sativa. | a new cdna (os beta fruct2) encoding an acid beta-d-fructofuranosidase from rice has been cloned, sequenced and expressed in pichia pastoris. the full-length cdna is 2453 base pairs long and encodes a pre-pro-protein of 682 amino acids. the cdna fragment coding for mature enzyme was sub-cloned into vector ppiczalphaa for extracellular expression in the methylotrophic yeast. the recombinant product was purified by ni2+-nitrilotriacetic acid agarose column and biochemically characterized. the enzy ... | 2003 | 12882270 |
| soil properties and crop productivity as influenced by flyash incorporation in soil. | field experiments were carried out during 1996-97 at gulawathi, muthiani and salarpur villages, iari farm, new delhi and ncpp campus, dadri to evaluate changes in soil characteristics and growth of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), mustard (brassica juncea l.), lentil (lence esculenta moench.), rice (oryza sativa l.) and maize (zea mays l.) by varying amounts of flyash addition (up to 50t ha(-1)) in soils at sowing/transplanting time of crops. flyash addition in areas adjoining ncpp thermal power pl ... | 2003 | 12889638 |
| inheritance of oryza sativa endornavirus in f1 and f2 hybrids between japonica and indica rice. | we have found a 14 kbp double-stranded rna (dsrna) in many cultivars of japonica rice (oryza sativa l.) but not in any cultivars of indica rice. this dsrna is an rna replicon with plasmid-like properties and is proposed to be a novel dsrna virus, oryza sativa endornavirus (osv). reciprocal crosses between the osv-carrier japonica variety (nipponbare) and the osv-free indica variety (ir 26 or kasalath) were performed to investigate whether osv can be transmitted to f1 hybrids. when ir 26 and nipp ... | 2003 | 12893964 |
| comparative genetics at the gene and chromosome levels between rice ( oryza sativa) and wildrice ( zizania palustris). | using comparative genetics, genes, repetitive dna sequences and chromosomes were studied in the oryzeae in order to more fully exploit the rice genome sequence data. of particular focus was zizania palustris l., n = 15, commonly known as american wildrice. previous work has shown that rice chromosomes 1, 4 and 9 are duplicated in wildrice. the adh1 and adh2 genes were sequenced and, based on phylogenetic analyses, found to be duplicated in wildrice. the majority of the sequence diversity in the ... | 2003 | 12904864 |
| alteration of floral organ identity in rice through ectopic expression of osmads16. | we used a transgenic approach and yeast two-hybrid experiments to study the role of the rice ( oryza sativa l.) b-function mads-box gene, osmads16. transgenic rice plants were generated that ectopically expressed osmads16 under the control of the maize ( zea mays l.) ubiquitin1 promoter. microscopic observations revealed that the innermost-whorl carpels had been replaced by stamen-like organs, which resembled the flowers of the previously described arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. mutation super ... | 2003 | 12905025 |
| a tobacco (nicotiana tabaccum) calmodulin-binding protein kinase, ntcbk2, is regulated differentially by calmodulin isoforms. | a calcium (ca2+)/calmodulin (cam)-binding protein kinase (cbk) from tobacco (nicotiana tabaccum ), ntcbk2, has been characterized molecularly and biochemically. ntcbk2 has all 11 conserved subdomains of the kinase-catalytic domain and a cam-binding site as shown by other kinases, including ca2+-dependent protein kinase and chimaeric ca2+/cam-dependent protein kinases. however, this kinase does not contain an ef-hand motif for ca2+ binding, and its activity was not regulated by ca2+. whereas ntcb ... | 2003 | 12911329 |
| hyperphosphorylation of a mitochondrial protein, prohibitin, is induced by calyculin a in a rice lesion-mimic mutant cdr1. | the rice (oryza sativa) lesion-mimic mutants, cell death and resistance (cdr), show spontaneous cell death on the entire leaf and exhibited significant resistance to the rice blast fungus. our previous studies showed that cdr1 and cdr2 genes negatively regulated the phosphorylation steps leading to the activation of nadph oxidase, which is associated with oxidative burst. to identify novel factors involved in the phosphorylation steps, the phosphorylation level of total proteins was compared bet ... | 2003 | 12913143 |
| bwmk1, a rice mitogen-activated protein kinase, locates in the nucleus and mediates pathogenesis-related gene expression by activation of a transcription factor. | mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) cascades are known to transduce plant defense signals, but the downstream components of the mapk have as yet not been elucidated. here, we report an mapk from rice (oryza sativa), bwmk1, and a transcription factor, oserebp1, phosphorylated by the kinase. the mapk carries a tdy phosphorylation motif instead of the more common tey motif in its kinase domain and has an unusually extended c-terminal domain that is essential to its kinase activity and transloca ... | 2003 | 12913152 |
| black rice (oryza sativa l. indica) pigmented fraction suppresses both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in chemical and biological model systems. | anthocyanins, present in fruits and vegetables as natural colorants, have been well characterized to possess bioactive properties. anthocyanin components extracted from black rice (oryza sativa l. indica) separated by gel filtration and identified using lc-ms were cyanidin 3-glucoside and peonidin 3-glucoside. a standardized extract of black rice pigmented fraction (bre) containing known proportions of cyanidin 3-glucoside and peonidin 3-glucoside exhibited marked antioxidant activities and free ... | 2003 | 12926869 |
| activation of hypersensitive response genes in the absence of pathogens in transgenic tobacco plants expressing a rice small gtpase. | transgenic tobacco ( nicotiana tabacum l.) plants constitutively expressing a rice ( oryza sativa l.) gene encoding a small gtpase, rgp1, showed marked resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) infection compared with the wild type [h. sano et al. (1994) proc natl acad sci usa 91:10556-10560]. in order to examine the gene expression profile, the temperature-shift method was adopted to hyper-activate the n-gene inducing the hypersensitive response (hr), and transcripts of 11 representative hr gene ... | 2003 | 12937984 |
| differential metal selectivity and gene expression of two zinc transporters from rice. | zinc is an essential mineral for a wide variety of physiological and biochemical processes. to understand zinc transport in cereals, we identified putative zinc transporters in gene databases. three full-length cdnas were identified and characterized from rice (oryza sativa). two of the cdnas partially complemented a yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) mutant deficient in zinc uptake at low concentrations. the two transporters showed many similarities in function but differed in ionic selectivity a ... | 2003 | 12970480 |
| golden indica and japonica rice lines amenable to deregulation. | as an important step toward free access and, thus, impact of goldenrice, a freedom-to-operate situation has been achieved for developing countries for the technology involved. specifically, to carry the invention beyond its initial "proof-of-concept" status in a japonica rice (oryza sativa) cultivar, we report here on two transformed elite indica varieties (ir64 and mtl250) plus one japonica variety taipei 309. indica varieties are predominantly consumed in the areas with vitamin a deficiency. t ... | 2003 | 12970483 |
| functional dissections between gamyb and dof transcription factors suggest a role for protein-protein associations in the gibberellin-mediated expression of the ramy1a gene in the rice aleurone. | in the germinated cereal aleurone layer, gibberellic acids (ga) induce expression of a number of genes encoding hydrolytic enzymes that participate in the mobilization of stored molecules. previous analyses suggest that the key events controlling the ga-regulated gene expression in the aleurone are formation of active transcription machinery referred to as the ga responsive complex, followed by recruiting gamyb. in general, bipartite promoter contexts composed of the ga-responsive element and th ... | 2003 | 14500792 |
| a comparative study of genetic relationships among the aa-genome oryza species using rapd and ssr markers. | in order to estimate genetic relationships of the aa-genome oryza species, rapd and ssr analyses were performed with 45 accessions, including 13 cultivated varieties (eight oryza sativa and five oryza glaberrima) and 32 wild accessions (nine oryza rufipogon, seven oryza nivara, three oryza glumaepatula, four oryza longistaminata, six oryza barthii, and three oryza meridionalis). a total of 181 clear and repeatable bands were amplified from 27 selected rapd primers, and 101 alleles were detected ... | 2003 | 14504744 |
| effect of fermentation on the nutrient and antinutrient composition of baobab (adansonia digitata) seeds and rice (oryza sativa) grains. | this study is part of an ongoing investigation on the effect of fermentation on chemical and antinutrient compositions of baobab seeds and rice grains. baobab seeds and rice grains were cleaned and fermented for 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively, by the microflora present in both the seed and the grains. the ph and titratable acidity of the unfermented and fermented samples were determined. the samples were dried and milled into fine flours respectively. standard assay techniques were used to evalu ... | 2003 | 22260173 |
| a gene for a class ii dna photolyase from oryza sativa: cloning of the cdna by dilution-amplification. | ultraviolet radiation induces the formation of two classes of photoproducts in dna-the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (cpd) and the pyrimidine [6-4] pyrimidone photoproduct (6-4 product). many organisms produce enzymes, termed photolyases, which specifically bind to these lesions and split them via a uv-a/blue light-dependent mechanism, thereby reversing the damage. these photolyases are specific for either cpds or 6-4 products. two classes of photolyases (class i and class ii) repair cpds. a gene ... | 2003 | 12764611 |
| linkage mapping of hsa-1(og), a resistance gene of african rice to the cyst nematode, heterodera sacchari. | inheritance of resistance to cyst nematode (heterodera sacchari) in oryza sativa was investigated by inoculation tests with isolate 244 from congo in segregating populations derived from hybridisation between o. sativa and its african sister cultivated species, o. glaberrima. we found that the resistance was controlled by one major gene, hsa-1(og), with codominance of susceptible and resistant alleles. to map hsa-1(og) on the rice genome, we pooled the data obtained from segregation of the resis ... | 2003 | 12721640 |
| putative functions of nucleoside diphosphate kinase in plants and fungi. | the putative functions of ndp (nucleoside diaphosphate) kinases from various organisms focusing to fungi and plants are described. the biochemical reactions catalyzed by ndp kinase are as follows. (i) phosphotransferring activity from mainly atp to cognate ndps generating nucleoside triphosphates (ntps). (ii) autophosphorylation activity from atp and gtp. (iii) protein kinase (phosphotransferring) activity phosphorylating such as myelin basic protein. ndp kinase could function to provide ntps as ... | 2003 | 12848342 |
| global transcript analysis of rice leaf and seed using sage technology. | we have compiled two comprehensive gene expression profiles from mature leaf and immature seed tissue of rice (oryza sativa ssp. japonica cultivar nipponbare) using serial analysis of gene expression (sage) technology. analysis revealed a total of 50 519 sage tags, corresponding to 15 131 unique transcripts. of these, the large majority (approximately 70%) occur only once in both libraries. unexpectedly, the most abundant transcript (approximately 3% of the total) in the leaf library was derived ... | 2003 | 17163904 |
| genetic analysis and mapping of gene fzp(t) controlling spikelet differentiation in rice. | a mutant of spikelet differentiation in rice called frizzle panicle (fzp) was discovered in the progeny of a cross between oryza sativa ssp. indica cv. v20b and cv. hua1b. the mutant exhibits normal plant morphology but has apparently fewer tillers. the most striking change in fzp is that its spikelet differentiation is completely blocked, with unlimited subsequent rachis branches generated from the positions where spikelets normally develop in wild-type plants. genetic analysis suggests that fz ... | 2003 | 18763148 |
| generation and analysis of end sequence database for t-dna tagging lines in rice. | we analyzed 6749 lines tagged by the gene trap vector pga2707. this resulted in the isolation of 3793 genomic sequences flanking the t-dna. among the insertions, 1846 t-dnas were integrated into genic regions, and 1864 were located in intergenic regions. frequencies were also higher at the beginning and end of the coding regions and upstream near the atg start codon. the overall gc content at the insertion sites was close to that measured from the entire rice (oryza sativa) genome. functional cl ... | 2003 | 14630961 |
| functional analysis and intracellular localization of rice cryptochromes. | blue-light-receptor cryptochrome (cry), which mediates cotyledon expansion, increased accumulation of anthocyanin, and inhibition of hypocotyl elongation, was first identified in arabidopsis. two arabidopsis cryptochromes (atcry1 and atcry2) have been reported to be localized to the nucleus. however, there is no information on the cryptochromes in monocotyledons. in this study, we isolated two cryptochrome cdnas, oscry1 and oscry2, from rice (oryza sativa) plants. the deduced amino acid sequence ... | 2003 | 14657402 |
| whole-genome comparison of leucine-rich repeat extensins in arabidopsis and rice. a conserved family of cell wall proteins form a vegetative and a reproductive clade. | we have searched the arabidopsis and rice (oryza sativa) genomes for homologs of lrx1, an arabidopsis gene encoding a novel type of cell wall protein containing a leucine-rich repeat (lrr) and an extensin domain. eleven and eight lrx (lrr/extensin) genes have been identified in these two plant species, respectively. the lrx gene family encodes proteins characterized by a short n-terminal domain, a domain with 10 lrrs, a cysteine-rich motif, and a variable c-terminal extensin-like domain. phyloge ... | 2003 | 12644681 |