Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| the effect of insecticide application sequences on the control and insecticide resistance status of the peach-potato aphid, myzus persicae (hemiptera:aphididae), on field crops of potato. | experiments were done on commercial potato crops in the uk to investigate the effect of different insecticide sequences on the control and insecticide resistance status of myzus persicae (sulzer). the work was done to provide field validation of similar laboratory studies done in 'field simulators'. to ensure adequate aphid populations and to influence the initial resistance status of the aphid population, cultured m. persicae from a clone of known resistance status (esterase r1, kdr heterozygot ... | 2006 | 16470680 |
| within-species variability of the response to 20-hydroxyecdysone in peach-potato aphid (myzus persicae sulzer). | phytoecdysteroids have been proposed as new tools for controlling crop pests because of their endocrine disruption and deterrent effects on insects and nematodes. there is increasing evidence of variability between taxa in sensitivity to phytoecdysteroids, but the genetic variability of this sensitivity within species is unknown. however, knowledge about this intraspecies variability is required for predicting evolution of the pest's response to new control methods. we assessed the variability o ... | 2006 | 16516909 |
| insecticidal spider venom toxin fused to snowdrop lectin is toxic to the peach-potato aphid, myzus persicae (hemiptera: aphididae) and the rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae). | the sfi1/gna fusion protein, comprising of snowdrop lectin (galanthus nivalis agglutinin, gna) fused to an insecticidal spider venom neurotoxin (segestria florentina toxin 1, sfi1) was tested for toxicity against the rice brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål) and the peach-potato aphid myzus persicae (sulzer) by incorporation into artificial diets. significant effects on the mortality of n. lugens were observed, with 100% of the insects fed on the sfi1/gna fusion protein diet dead by day 7 ... | 2006 | 16206236 |
| gene expression and glucosinolate accumulation in arabidopsis thaliana in response to generalist and specialist herbivores of different feeding guilds and the role of defense signaling pathways. | glucosinolate accumulation and expression of glucosinolate biosynthetic genes were studied in response to four herbivores in arabidopsis thaliana (l.) wild-type (columbia) and mutant lines affected in defense signaling. herbivory on wild-type plants led to increased aliphatic glucosinolate content for three of four herbivores tested, the aphid generalist myzus persicae (sulzer), the aphid specialist brevicoryne brassicae (l.), and the lepidopteran generalist spodoptera exigua hübner. the lepidop ... | 2006 | 17049571 |
| comparison of short- and long-feed transmission of the cauliflower mosaic virus cabb-s strain and s delta ii hybrid by two species of aphid: myzus persicae (sulzer) and brevicoryne brassicae (l.). | the cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) hybrid s delta ii, partially deleted in orfii, loses its transmissibility by the aphid myzus persicae on 5-min acquisition feed. we have also shown that it is not transmitted after 8-h acquisition feed. the same occurs with brevicoryne brassicae. therefore, the aphid transmission factor (atf) is involved in both means of transmission and in both aphid species. m. persicae can acquire camv cabb-s strain in less than 20 s. m. persicae is a more efficient vector ... | 2006 | 2087600 |
| influence of the potato leafroll virus and virus-infected plants on the arrestment of the aphid, myzus persicae. | a series of experiments was conducted using membrane sachets containing mp148 diet or phosphate-buffered sucrose with and without purified potato leafroll virus to determine if direct encounter with the virus would arrest the aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer) (homoptera: aphididae). in only two out of 36 tests were there significantly more aphids settled on sachets containing the virus. in all other tests, there were either significantly fewer aphids on sachets containing virus or there were no dif ... | 2006 | 19537970 |
| expression and purification of arisaema heterophyllum agglutinin in escherichia coli. | recombinant arisaema heterophyllum agglutinin (aha) was expressed in escherichia coli as n-terminal his-tagged fusions. after induction with isopropylthio-beta-d-galactoside, the recombinant aha was purified by metal-affinity chromatography. the purified aha protein was incorporated into artificial diet at 0.1% (w/v) concentration in insect bioassay trial and the result showed that artificial diet containing aha could significantly inhibit the growth of the third-instar nymphs of peach potato ap ... | 2006 | 16399011 |
| synthesis of quinolactacide via an acyl migration reaction and dehydrogenation with manganese dioxide, and its insecticidal activities. | quinolactacide isolated from penicillium citrinum f 1539 was synthesized and evaluated for its insecticidal activities. the key steps of the total synthesis were an acyl migration reaction of the enol ester intermediate and dehydrogenation of tetrahydroquinolactacide with manganese dioxide. the synthesized quinolactacide showed 100% and 42% mortality against the green peach aphid (myzus persicae) and diamondback moth (plutella xylostella) at 500 ppm, respectively. | 2006 | 16428857 |
| use of oils combined with low doses of insecticide for the control of myzus persicae and pvy epidemics. | experiments were carried out in the laboratory to assess the insecticidal effect on myzus persicae sulzer of different oils applied alone or combined with imidacloprid or pirimicarb. the oils tested were a horticultural mineral oil, a refined rapeseed oil, a refined soya oil and a raw fish oil. when the oils were sprayed alone on pepper plants infested with m. persicae, mineral oil caused the highest mortality of aphids (over 80%). applied before aphid infestation of pepper leaves and in mixture ... | 2006 | 16470683 |
| mode of action of a novel nonchemical method of insect control: atmospheric pressure plasma discharge. | atmospheric pressure plasma discharge (appd) has been applied to a number of industrial applications, including the bacterial sterilization of medical equipment of bacteria. appd may also have applications in insect control. a positive correlation was found between exposure time to appd and mortality of western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande); tobacco thrips, frankliniella fusca (hinds); asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus (skuse); twospotted spider mite, tetranychus urti ... | 2006 | 16573321 |
| examination of the biological effects of high anionic peroxidase production in tobacco plants grown under field conditions. i. insect pest damage. | at least 25 wild type and high peroxidase tobacco nicotiana tabacum l. plants were examined semiweekly over several weeks for pest insect distribution and damage in a 2 year field study. incidence and/or severity of naturally occurring caterpillar damage (dingy cutworm (feltia ducens walker), black cutworm (agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel), tobacco hornworm (manduca sexta l.), and false tobacco budworm (= corn earworm helicoverpa zea (boddie)) was significantly reduced at several sample dates for high ... | 2006 | 16604460 |
| novel acetylcholinesterase target site for malaria mosquito control. | current anticholinesterase pesticides were developed during world war ii and are toxic to mammals because they target a catalytic serine residue of acetylcholinesterases (aches) in insects and in mammals. a sequence analysis of aches from 73 species and a three-dimensional model of a malaria-carrying mosquito (anopheles gambiae) ache (agache) reported here show that c286 and r339 of agache are conserved at the opening of the active site of aches in 17 invertebrate and four insect species, respec ... | 2006 | 17183688 |
| detection and characterization of new genotypes of myzus antirrhinii (hemiptera: aphididae) in japan, with evidence for their production of sexual morphs. | two forms of myzus persicae (sulzer), f-15 and r306n', resembling m. antirrhinii (macchiati) in esterase profile have been found in japan. to determine the genetic relationship of f-15 and r306n' with m. antirrhinii, clonal lineages of f-15, r306n' and those of 14 other forms of m. persicae collected in japan were analysed for 17 polymorphic microsatellite dna loci. two microsatellite multi-locus (ms) genotypes of m. persicae and two ms genotypes, ma3 and ma4, of m. antirrhinii from australia we ... | 2006 | 17201978 |
| characterization of four viral species belonging to the family potyviridae isolated from ranunculus asiaticus. | abstract four different viral species were isolated from diseased ranunculus asiaticus plants growing in imperia province (italian riviera-liguria region). infected plants exhibited mosaic symptoms and growth abnormalities. the viruses were mechanically inoculated to a range of herbaceous hosts and differentiated biologically. long flexuous particles were present in leaf dip extracts observed by electron microscopy. a general protocol for the amplification of potyvirus genome fragments through r ... | 2006 | 18943173 |
| arabidopsis myrosinases tgg1 and tgg2 have redundant function in glucosinolate breakdown and insect defense. | in arabidopsis and other brassicaceae, the enzyme myrosinase (beta-thioglucoside glucohydrolase, tgg) degrades glucosinolates to produce toxins that deter herbivory. a broadly applicable selection for meiotic recombination between tightly linked t-dna insertions was developed to generate arabidopsis tgg1tgg2 double mutants and study myrosinase function. glucosinolate breakdown in crushed leaves of tgg1 or tgg2 single mutants was comparable to that of wild-type, indicating redundant enzyme functi ... | 2006 | 16640593 |
| incidence of thrips and tomato spotted wilt tospovirus in fluecured tobacco protected from early season insect pest infestations. | the relative impacts of early season thrips exclusion (cages) and thrips suppression (pesticides) on tomato spotted wilt (family bunyaviridae, genus tospovirus, tsw) tospovirus infection in flue-cured tobacco, nicotiana tobaccum l., were examined in field trials in 2001-2004. there were fewer tsw symptomatic plants when plants were covered by exclusion cages for 6 wk than when they were uncaged or caged for 2 or 4 wk after transplanting. plant height, leaves per plant, and total leaf weight per ... | 2006 | 16813310 |
| operating characteristics of full count and binomial sampling plans for green peach aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) in potato. | counts of green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer) (hemiptera: aphididae), in potato, solanum tuberosum l., fields were used to evaluate the performance of the sampling plan from a pest management company. the counts were further used to develop a binomial sampling method, and both full count and binomial plans were evaluated using operating characteristic curves. taylor's power law provided a good fit of the data (r2 = 0.95), with the relationship between the variance (s2) and mean (m) as ln( ... | 2006 | 16813341 |
| analysis of sucrose esters--insecticides from the surface of tobacco plant leaves. | sucrose esters from the surface of leaves of nicotiana tabacum l. have been shown to possess interesting biological activities. we developed a simple and effective method for their analysis using hptlc silica gel plates, n-hexane-ethyl acetate (1:3, v/v) as developing solvent and aniline-diphenylamine as a detection reagent. off-line tlc-ms was also used for the detection and identification of the compounds. solutions containing sucrose esters upon alkaline hydrolysis give sucrose, which is used ... | 2006 | 16820155 |
| comparative spatial spread overtime of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) and watermelon mosaic virus (wmv) in fields of transgenic squash expressing the coat protein genes of zymv and wmv, and in fields of nontransgenic squash. | the spatial and temporal patterns of aphid-vectored spread of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) and watermelon mosaic virus (wmv) were monitored over two consecutive years in plantings of nontransgenic and transgenic squash zw-20h (commercial cv. freedom ii) and zw-20b, both expressing the coat protein genes of zymv and wmv. all test plants were surrounded by nontransgenic plants that were mechanically inoculated with zymv or wmv, and served as primary virus source. across all trials, none of ... | 2006 | 16838196 |
| analysis of genetic bottlenecks during horizontal transmission of cucumber mosaic virus. | genetic bottlenecks may occur in virus populations when only a few individuals are transferred horizontally from one host to another, or when a viral population moves systemically from the infection site. genetic bottlenecks during the systemic movement of an rna plant virus population were reported previously (h. li and m. j. roossinck, j. virol. 78:10582-10587, 2004). in this study we mechanically inoculated an artificial population consisting of 12 restriction enzyme marker mutants of cucumbe ... | 2006 | 16912285 |
| cytochrome c oxidase mrna as an internal control for detection of potato virus y and potato leafroll virus from single aphids by a co-amplification rt-pcr assay. | using cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) mrna as the internal control, a triplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for detection of potato virus y (pvy) and potato leafroll virus (plrv) with co-amplification of cox1 from single specimens of various aphid species has been developed. partial length cdna of cox1 from green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer), potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas), buckthorn aphid, aphis nasturtii (kaltenbach), and pea aphid, acyrt ... | 2006 | 17010449 |
| a microarray approach identifies ant, os-d and takeout-like genes as differentially regulated in alate and apterous morphs of the green peach aphid myzus persicae (sulzer). | aphids exhibit a complex life cycle in which their phenotypes vary in response to environmental changes. wing polyphenism is one of the phenotypes that have not been adequately studied. we developed a cdna microarray from the green peach aphid myzus persicae (sulzer), and compared mrna samples derived from alate and apterous adults. the microarray experiment resulted in 108 significantly changing clones that represented 31 unique ests. among the highest and significantly expressed clones in alat ... | 2006 | 17046599 |
| systemin in solanum nigrum. the tomato-homologous polypeptide does not mediate direct defense responses. | we extend ryan's seminal work on the 18-amino acid polypeptide systemin in tomato's (solanum lycopersicum) systemic wound response to the closely related solanaceous species solanum nigrum. we compared wild-type plants to plants transformed with an inverted repeat prosystemin construct (irsys) to silence the expression of the endogenous s. nigrum prosystemin gene. in wild-type plants elicited with wounding + oral secretions from manduca sexta larvae, trypsin-proteinase inhibitors (tpis) accumula ... | 2006 | 17071641 |
| [pathogenicity of hyphomycet fungi to aphids aphis gossypii glover and myzus persicae (sulzer) (hemiptera: aphididae)]. | the aphids aphis gossypii and myzus persicae are cosmopolitan, poliphagous and damage cultivated plants. the effects of the entomopathogenic fungi beauveria bassiana (isolate ibcb 66), metarhizium anisopliae (isolate ibcb 121), paecilomyces fumosoroseus (isolate ibcb 141) and lecanicillium (= verticillium) lecanii (isolate jab 02) on third instar nymphs of a. gossypii and m. persicae were evaluated in the laboratory at 25 degrees c, 70 +/- 10% rh and 12h photophase. the aphids were transferred t ... | 2006 | 17144139 |
| evaluation of hoverfly episyrphus balteatus de geer (diptera: syrphidae) oviposition behaviour toward aphid-infested plants using a leaf disc system. | several aphidophagous beneficials such as parasitoids and predators are known to respond positively to aphid infested plants. semiochemicals from the latter association play an important role in the foraging of predators in a tritrophic approach. in this work, three host plants infested with green peach aphid, myzus persicae sulzer were used to study the effect of prey density and aphid colony location on plant toward episyrphus balteatus female. their reproductive behaviour and efficiency (in t ... | 2006 | 17385507 |
| effect of some diets on macrolophus pygmaeus rambur (hemiptera: miridae) fitness under laboratory conditions. | fitness parameters of omnivore predatory bug macrolophus pygmaeus were studied on various diets consisting of green peach aphid myzus persicae + eggplant leaf disc, eggs of ephestia kuehniella + eggplant leafdisc, pollen + eggplant leaf disc, eggs of e. kuehniella + pollen + eggplant leaf disc. the experiments were began from 1- day nymphs until 32-day adults. the tests were done at 25 degress c, 65+/-5% rh, 16l: 8d h photoperiod. the results showed that adding floral material to the animal prey ... | 2006 | 17385505 |
| quantitative assessment of the infection rate of the entomophthoraceous fungus, zoophthora anhuiensis against the green peach aphid myzus persicae. | a two-step method was developed to quantitatively assess the infection rate of the entomophthoraceous fungus, zoophthora anhuiensis (li) humber, on the green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer). firstly, a standard time-dose-mortality relationship, established by modeling data from bioassay 1 at varying conidial dosages (0.4 - 10.4 conidia/mm2) of z. anhuiensis f97028, was used to yield an estimate of expected mortality probability at a given dosage. secondly, bioassay 2 was conducted by simult ... | 2006 | 12656350 |
| phloem alkaloid tolerance allows feeding on resistant lupinus angustifolius by the aphid myzus persicae. | we examined the hypothesis that the polyphagous green peach aphid (myzus persicae) shows clone-specific adaptation to the narrow-leafed lupin (lupinus angustifolius) containing toxic quinolizidine alkaloids. we compared the performance of a lupin-feeding clone of m. persicae from western australia to that of nine clones of the same species collected from eastern australian locations, where narrow-leafed lupins rarely occur. mean relative growth rate (mrgr) and colonization ability varied among t ... | 2006 | 16906361 |
| species identity dominates the relationship between predator biodiversity and herbivore suppression. | agricultural pest suppression is an important ecosystem service that may be threatened by the loss of predator diversity. this has stimulated interest in the relationship between predator biodiversity and biological control. multiple-predator studies have shown that predators may complement or interfere with one another, but few experiments have determined if the resulting effects on prey are caused by changes in predator abundance, identity, species richness, or some combination of these factor ... | 2006 | 16637351 |
| [uv-induced dna mutation of peach aphid]. | by using pcr technique and microsatellite marks, this paper studied the dna polymorphism of peach aphid (myzus persicae) under uv-radiation. the fragments of three primers were amplified, and the gene diversity and the rate of loci polymorphisms of their genomic dna, which could reflect the damage degree of dna after uv-radiation, were measured. the results revealed that after treated with different radiation intensity (15, 30, 45 w) and duration (2, 4, 6 h) , the uv-induced dna mutations were g ... | 2006 | 17044500 |
| [comparative susceptibility of myzus persicae to 16 strains of metarhizium spp. from different host insects and geographic regions]. | the fungal biocontrol agents metarhizium species and varieties have been widely applied for insect control but their targets rarely aim at sucking-type homopteran insects such as aphids. to search for fungal candidates against aphids, 16 strains of four varieties of two metarhizium species, most of which originally infected foliage insect pests in asia, africa and america, were bioassayed to compare their virulence to myzus persicae apterae. with each strain, each of three conidial suspensions w ... | 2006 | 17037063 |
| proteomics in myzus persicae: effect of aphid host plant switch. | chemical ecology is the study of how particular chemicals are involved in interactions of organisms with each other and with their surroundings. in order to reduce insect attack, plants have evolved a variety of defence mechanisms, both constitutive and inducible, while insects have evolved strategies to overcome these plant defences (such as detoxification enzymes). a major determinant of the influence of evolutionary arms races is the strategy of the insect: generalist insect herbivores, such ... | 2006 | 16503483 |
| temporal dynamics of genotypic diversity reveal strong clonal selection in the aphid myzus persicae. | parthenogenetic organisms often harbour substantial genotypic diversity. this diversity may be the result of recurrent formations of new clones, or it may be maintained by environmental heterogeneity acting on ecological differences among clones. in aphids, both processes may be important because obligate and cyclical parthenogens can form mixed populations. using microsatellites, i analysed the temporal dynamics of clonal diversity in such a population of the aphid myzus persicae over a 1-year ... | 2006 | 16405581 |
| use of artificial diet system to assess the potential bio-insecticide effect of a fungal lectin from xerocomus chrysenteron (xcl) on myzus persicae. | lectins are carbohydrate binding proteins which are widely distributed in nature: they have been isolated from microorganisms, fungi, plants and animals. many of these proteins were tested for their potential biocide effect on lot of pests. indeed, lectins can cause dramatic changes in the cellular morphology and metabolism, particularly on the digestive system of insect having ingested them, by lectin binding to membrane glycosyl groups of the digestive tract cells. a fungal lectin, namely xero ... | 2006 | 17385518 |
| positive genetic correlations among major life-history traits related to ecological success in the aphid myzus persicae. | life-history theory is based on the assumption that evolution is constrained by trade-offs among different traits that contribute to fitness. such trade-offs should be evident from negative genetic correlations among major life-history traits. however, this expectation is not always met. here i report the results of a life-table experiment designed to measure the broad-sense heritabilities of life-history traits and their genetic correlations in 19 different clones of the aphid myzus persicae fr ... | 2005 | 16136800 |
| glutathione s-transferases in the adaptation to plant secondary metabolites in the myzus persicae aphid. | glutathione s-transferases (gst) in insects play an important role in the detoxification of many substances including allelochemicals from plants. induction of gst activity in myzus persicae in response to secondary metabolites from brassica plants was determined using different host plant species and confirmed using artificial diet with pure allelochemicals added. the 2,4-dinitro-1-iodobenzene (dnib) was found to be a useful substrate for identifying particular gsts in insects. gsts from m. per ... | 2005 | 15717317 |
| reduced response of insecticide-resistant aphids and attraction of parasitoids to aphid alarm pheromone; a potential fitness trade-off. | response to the alarm pheromone, (e)-beta-farnesene, produced by many species of aphids, was assessed in laboratory bioassays using an aphid pest, myzus persicae (sulzer), and its primary endoparasitoid, diaeretiella rapae (mcintosh). this was done in three separate studies, the first investigating responses of a large number of m. persicae clones carrying different combinations of metabolic (carboxylesterase) and target site (kdr) insecticide resistance mechanisms, and the other two investigati ... | 2005 | 15705213 |
| evidence for trichromacy in the green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulz.) (hemiptera: aphididae). | the green peach aphid, myzus persicae (hemiptera: aphididae) is an important phytophagous pest of greenhouse and field crops. in the host finding process visual cues are of paramount importance. in order to contribute to the understanding of the perception of visual stimuli in this species, we measured the electroretinogram of alate female summer migrants of m. persicae. the spectral sensitivity was measured in 10nm steps under both dark and light adaptation from 320 to 640 nm. the dark adapted ... | 2005 | 16162354 |
| suppression of insect pest populations and damage to plants by vermicomposts. | the effects of commercial vermicomposts, produced from food waste, on infestations and damage by aphids, mealy bugs and cabbage white caterpillars were studied in the greenhouse. vermicomposts were used at substitution rates into a soil-less plant growth medium, metromix 360 (mm360), at rates of 100% mm360 and 0% vermicompost, 80% mm360 and 20% vermicompost, and 60% mm360 and 40% vermicompost to grow peppers (capsicum annuum l.), tomatoes (lycopersicon esculentum mill.) and cabbages (brassica ol ... | 2005 | 15683904 |
| movement, toxicity, and persistence of imidacloprid in seedling tabasco pepper infested with myzus persicae (hemiptera: aphididae). | application of imidacloprid to the soil in which tabasco pepper, capsicum frutescens l., seedlings were growing was highly effective against the green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer) (hemiptera: aphididae). in just 48 h after the soil drench, aphid numbers on treated plants declined from 292.1 to 33.0 per plant, a reduction of 89%. by 72 and 96 h after the application, the reductions were 97 and 100%, respectively. reductions in green peach aphid numbers also indicated that imidacloprid rea ... | 2005 | 16539137 |
| resistance of insect pests to neonicotinoid insecticides: current status and future prospects. | the first neonicotinoid insecticide introduced to the market was imidacloprid in 1991 followed by several others belonging to the same chemical class and with the same mode of action. the development of neonicotinoid insecticides has provided growers with invaluable new tools for managing some of the world's most destructive crop pests, primarily those of the order hemiptera (aphids, whiteflies, and planthoppers) and coleoptera (beetles), including species with a long history of resistance to ea ... | 2005 | 15756698 |
| [controlling effects of plant extracts and pesticides on myzus persicae and lipaphis erysimi populations]. | this paper studied the controlling effects of xanthium sibiricum and syngonium podophyllum ethanol extracts, mobile oil emulsion and 0.3% azadirachtin ec on myzus persicae and lipaphis erysimi populations both in laboratory and in field. the results showed that in laboratory, x. sibiricum extract was the key deterrent to myzus persicae, while sprayed it with s. podophyllum extract and with petroleum spray oil or 0.3 % azadirachtin ec, the deterrent effect could be improved. as for pterigota lipa ... | 2005 | 16252875 |
| insecticidal activity of proteinous venom from tentacle of jellyfish rhopilema esculentum kishinouye. | insecticidal activity of proteinous venom from tentacle of jellyfish rhopilema esculentum kishinouye was determined against three pest species, stephanitis pyri fabriciusa, aphis medicaginis koch, and myzus persicae sulzer. r. esculentum full proteinous venom had different insecticidal activity against s. pyri fabriciusa, a. medicaginis koch, and m. persicae sulzer. the 48 h lc50 values were 123.1, 581.6, and 716.3 microg/ml, respectively. of the three pests, r. esculentum full proteinous venom ... | 2005 | 16168648 |
| differences in effects of pyrrolizidine alkaloids on five generalist insect herbivore species. | the evolution of the diversity in plant secondary compounds is often thought to be driven by insect herbivores, although there is little empirical evidence for this assumption. to investigate whether generalist insect herbivores could play a role in the evolution of the diversity of related compounds, we examined if (1) related compounds differ in their effects on generalists, (2) there is a synergistic effect among compounds, and (3) effects of related compounds differed among insect species. t ... | 2005 | 16222788 |
| the efficacy of a novel insecticidal protein, allium sativum leaf lectin (asal), against homopteran insects monitored in transgenic tobacco. | the homopteran group of polyphagous sucking insect pests causes severe damage to many economically important plants including tobacco. allium sativum leaf lectin (asal), a mannose-binding 25-kda homodimeric protein, has recently been found to be antagonistic to various sucking insects in the homopteran group through artificial diet bioassay experiments. the present study describes, for the first time, the expression of the asal coding sequence under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus (c ... | 2005 | 17147631 |
| host selection by the generalist aphid myzus persicae (hemiptera: aphididae) and its subspecies specialized on tobacco, after being reared on the same host. | decision-making during host selection by phytophagous insects has proved to be related to host range, with specialists taking faster decisions than generalists; however, this pattern fails to materialize in some host selection studies performed with aphids. differences found in testing designs point to rearing effects on aphid host selection. to test whether specialization patterns derive from the nature of the aphid or as a consequence of rearing environment, host selection behaviours were comp ... | 2005 | 15705211 |
| analysis of spatial patterns at a geographical scale over north-western europe from point-referenced aphid count data. | the spatial analysis by distance indices (sadie) technique was developed to evaluate the spatial pattern of point-referenced count data as well as the spatial association between two sets of data sharing the same point locations. this paper presents an analysis of spatial patterns in aphid count data and the association of these data with climate across north-west europe. the paper tests the applicability of the technique to large geographical areas. aggregation and cluster indices were calculat ... | 2005 | 15705214 |
| can plants use an entomopathogenic virus as a defense against herbivores? | it is by now well established that plants use various strategies to defend themselves against herbivores. besides conventional weapons such as spines and stinging hairs and sophisticated chemical defenses, plants can also involve the enemies of the herbivores in their defense. it has been suggested that plants could even use entomopathogens as part of their defense strategies. in this paper, we show that brassica oleraceae plants that are attacked by myzus persicae aphids infected with an entomo ... | 2005 | 15723235 |
| aphid transmission of a potyvirus depends on suitability of the helper component and the n terminus of the coat protein. | the present study investigates the specificity of potyviruses for aphid species. two potyviruses differing in their host range were used: zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) mainly infecting cucurbits and turnip mosaic virus (tumv) mainly infecting crucifers. two sets of aphids species were used as vectors, one polyphagous (myzus persicae and aphis gossypii) and the other from crucifers (brevicoryne brassicae and lipaphis erysimi). evidence is provided that the specificity between a vector and a ... | 2005 | 15503223 |
| pharmacological profiles of recombinant and native insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. | nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachrs) are targets for insect-selective neonicotinoid insecticides exemplified by imidacloprid (imi) and mammalian-selective nicotinoids including nicotine and epibatidine (epi). despite their importance, insect nachrs are poorly understood compared with their vertebrate counterparts. this study characterizes the [(3)h]imi, [(3)h]epi, and [(3)h]alpha-bungarotoxin (alpha-bgt) binding sites in hybrid nachrs consisting of drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) or my ... | 2005 | 16291090 |
| functional responses of coccinellid predators: an illustration of a logistic approach. | the functional response parameters and patterns of three coccinellid predators, cheilomenes sexmaculata, propylea dissecta, and coccinella transversalis (coleoptera: coccinellidae) were evaluated to find out how these predators respond at two different prey species across various prey densities levels. all three predators exhibited a decelerating curve type ii response determined by a logistic regression model. the linear reciprocal transformation of holling's disc equation was used to further e ... | 2005 | 16299595 |
| aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) species composition and potential aphid vectors of plum pox virus in pennsylvania peach orchards. | plum pox, an invasive disease recently identified in pennsylvania stone fruit orchards, is caused by the aphid-transmitted plum pox virus (genus potyvirus, family potyviridae, ppv). to identify potential vectors, we described the aphid species communities and the seasonal dynamics of the dominant aphid species within pennsylvania peach orchards. aphids were trapped weekly in 2002 and 2003 from mid-april through mid-november within two central pennsylvania orchards by using yellow and green water ... | 2005 | 16334309 |
| [characteristics, dynamics and niche of insect community in plum orchard]. | the insect community in plum orchard was investigated on organization level and temporal-spatial niche. the results showed that the insect community was abundant, which included 6 orders, 23 families. the individuals of species, diversity indices, and evenness increased with time. myzus persicae and asiaarposina sasokii had the widest spatial niche breadth, while didesmococcus koreauus borchs had the widest temporal niche breadth. among the natural enemies, chilocorus rubidus had the widest both ... | 2005 | 15852928 |
| unexpected effects of chitinases on the peach-potato aphid (myzus persicae sulzer) when delivered via transgenic potato plants (solanum tuberosum linné) and in vitro. | with the aim of producing insect-resistant potato plants, internode explants of solanum tuberosum l. cv. désirée were transformed with an agrobacterium strain c58pmp90 containing an insect (phaedon cochleariae: coleoptera, chrysomelidae) chitinase gene and the neomycin phosphotransferase (nptii) gene as selectable marker, both under the control of the viral camv 35s promoter. three transformed potato lines (ch3, ch5 and ch25) exhibiting the highest chitinolytic activities were selected for feedi ... | 2005 | 15865049 |
| does insecticide resistance alone account for the low genetic variability of asexually reproducing populations of the peach-potato aphid myzus persicae? | the typical life cycle of aphids includes several parthenogenetic generations and a single sexual generation (cyclical parthenogenesis), but some species or populations are totally asexual (obligate parthenogenesis). genetic variability is generally low in these asexually reproducing populations, that is, few genotypes are spread over large geographic areas. both genetic drift and natural selection are often invoked to account for this low genetic variability. the peach-potato aphid, myzus persi ... | 2005 | 15940274 |
| arabidopsis iqd1, a novel calmodulin-binding nuclear protein, stimulates glucosinolate accumulation and plant defense. | glucosinolates are a class of secondary metabolites with important roles in plant defense and human nutrition. to uncover regulatory mechanisms of glucosinolate production, we screened arabidopsis thaliana t-dna activation-tagged lines and identified a high-glucosinolate mutant caused by overexpression of iqd1 (at3g09710). a series of gain- and loss-of-function iqd1 alleles in different accessions correlates with increased and decreased glucosinolate levels, respectively. iqd1 encodes a novel pr ... | 2005 | 15960618 |
| laboratory studies of the effects of reduced prey choice caused by bt plants on a predatory insect. | crops transformed to express bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxins can cause close to 100% mortality of certain target pest species. this study assessed the effect of target pest reduction on the predatory insect chrysoperla carnea (stephens) in the presence of alternative prey. numbers of lacewings recovered from bt oilseed rape (cultivar oscar, event o52) did not differ significantly from numbers of lacewings recovered from conventional oilseed rape in cage experiments with the target pest plutel ... | 2005 | 15960878 |
| real-time assay for quantitative detection of non-persistently transmitted plum pox virus rna targets in single aphids. | a taqman real-time rt-pcr was developed to detect and quantify rna-targets from the non-circulative, non-persistently transmitted plum pox virus (ppv) in individual fresh or aphids captured previously and squashed on paper. reliable quantitation ranged from 40 up to 4 x 10(8) copies of control transcripts. this technique was applied successfully to plant material and to individual ppv vector (myzus persicae) and non-vector of ppv (aphis nerii) aphid species demonstrating acquisition of viral tar ... | 2005 | 15964640 |
| quinolactacide, a new quinolone insecticide from penicillium citrinum thom f 1539. | by a screening program searching for new pesticides from fungal sources, an insecticidal compound was isolated from penicillium citrinum f 1539. the compound, named quinolactacide, was novel and showed 88% mortality against green peach aphids (myzus persicae) at 250 ppm. its structure was determined by spectroscopic techniques. | 2005 | 15973055 |
| epizootiological modeling of pandora neoaphidis mycosis transmission in myzus persicae colonies initiated by primarily infected alates. | pandora neoaphidis transmission was monitored within progeny colonies initiated by infected myzus periscae alates individually flown for 1 to 5 h. mycosis progress in the colonies was well fitted (r2= 0.97) to a modified logistic or gompertz model that included their flight distance, postflight survival time, premycosis fecundity, and primary infection rate as influential variables. | 2005 | 16000827 |
| synthesis and insect antifeedant activity of precocene derivatives with lactone moiety. | starting from precocenes i and ii, four of their derivatives with a lactone moiety were obtained. the compounds have been assessed as antifeedants against several diverse insect species including the storage pests the confused flour beetle (tribolium confusum duv., larvae and adults), the granary weevil beetle (sitophilus granarius l., adults), and the khapra beetle (trogoderma granarium ev., larvae) and against the herbivorous pest insects colorado potato beetle (leptinotarsa decemlineata say, ... | 2005 | 16028972 |
| occurrence of colombian datura virus in brugmansia hybrids, physalis peruviana l. and solanum muricatum ait. in hungary. | colombian datura virus (cdv) has been found to infect angel trumpets (brugmansia spp.) frequently and cape gooseberry (physalis peruviana) and pepino (solanum muricatum) sporadically in hungary. a cdv brg/h isolate was characterized. it had flexuous thread-like virions of about 750 x 12 nm in size. host range and symptomathological studies revealed its great similarity to authentic cdv isolates. nicotiana tabacum cultivars and lines resistant to potato virus y (pvyn) either genically or transgen ... | 2005 | 16047739 |
| response of economically important aphids to components of hemizygia petiolata essential oil. | the essential oil of hemizygia petiolata ashby (lamiaceae) contains high levels (>70%) of the sesquiterpene (e)-beta-farnesene, the alarm pheromone for many economically important aphid species. in order to test the suitability of h. petiolata oil as a source of (e)-beta-farnesene for use in new integrated aphid control strategies, behavioural responses of pest aphid species were studied in laboratory and field experiments. in alarm pheromone assays the peach-potato aphid, myzus persicae sulzer, ... | 2005 | 16059962 |
| [expression of two plant agglutinin genes in transgenic tobacco plants]. | a plant expression vector pbacg containing the dna sequence coding for amaranthus caudatus agglutinin (aca) and a modified glanthus nivalis agglutinin (gna) gene was constructed. leaf explants of nicotiana tobacum cv. sri were transformed with a. tumefaciens lba4404 harbouring the above expression vector. results from pcr and southern blotting analysis showed that both the aca and gna gene were inserted into the genome of transformed tobacco plants. western blottingting analysis of soluble prote ... | 2005 | 16078746 |
| expression and characterization of carboxylesterase e4 gene from peach-potato aphid (myzus persicae) for degradation of carbaryl and malathion. | an abridged carboxylesterase e4 (cbe e4) gene was cloned from the peach-potato aphid, myzus persicae, by reverse transcription-pcr and subcloned into the expression vector pet28b. the abridged cbe e4 gene was successfully expressed in e. coli bl21 (de3). the recombinant cbe e4 hydrolyzed beta-naphthyl acetate and carbaryl by 64% within 2.5 h, malathion by 80% within 1.25 h. however, the hydrolysis of other pesticides (dichlorovos, parathion, pirimicarb and deltamethrin) was not detected. | 2005 | 16132866 |
| evaluation of hairy nightshade as an inoculum source for aphid-mediated transmission of potato leafroll virus. | potato leafroll virus (plrv) causes one of the most serious aphid-transmitted diseases affecting yield and quality of potatoes, solanum tuberosum (l.), grown in the united states. the green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer), is considered to be by far the most efficient vector of this virus. even the most strict aphid control strategy may not prevent the spread of plrv unless measures also are taken to keep virus source plants within and outside the crop at a minimum. hairy nightshade, solanu ... | 2005 | 16156559 |
| signal signature and transcriptome changes of arabidopsis during pathogen and insect attack. | plant defenses against pathogens and insects are regulated differentially by cross-communicating signaling pathways in which salicylic acid (sa), jasmonic acid (ja), and ethylene (et) play key roles. to understand how plants integrate pathogen- and insect-induced signals into specific defense responses, we monitored the dynamics of sa, ja, and et signaling in arabidopsis after attack by a set of microbial pathogens and herbivorous insects with different modes of attack. arabidopsis plants were e ... | 2005 | 16167763 |
| the attack of the clones: tracking the movement of insecticide-resistant peach-potato aphids myzus persicae (hemiptera: aphididae). | myzus persicae (sulzer) collected in scotland were characterized for four microsatellite loci, intergenic spacer fingerprints and the resistance mechanisms modified acetylcholinesterase (mace), overproduced carboxylesterase and knockdown resistance (kdr). microsatellite polymorphisms were used to define a limited number of clones that were either fully susceptible to insecticides or possessed characteristic combinations of resistance mechanisms. within these clones, intergenic spacer fingerprint ... | 2005 | 16197569 |
| [geostatistics analysis on spatial patterns of myzus persicae and erigonidium graminicola in plum orchard]. | investigations on the spatial construction and distribution of myzus persicae and erigonidium graminicola in a plum orchard were conducted from march 2003 to november 2003. the results indicated that the semivariogram of myzus persicae could be described by spherical model, except on june 27 and november 22, which should be described by lined model, and that of erigonidium graminicola could be described by spherical model, except on may 21, may 31, october 19 and november 22, which should be des ... | 2005 | 16252873 |
| aphid parasitoid complex in potato in the context of ipm in belgium. | parasitic hymenoptera of potato aphids were collected and identified in 2000 and 2001 in 11 potato fields in belgium. nine aphidiidae species, parasiting seven aphid species, were found: aphidius ervi, aphidius matricariae, aphidius picipes, binodoxys angelicae, diaeretiella rapae, praon abjectum, praon gallicium, praon volucre and toxares deltiger. a. ervi and a. picipes were the dominant and sub-dominant species, with 54% and 28% of the primary parasite collected, respectively. both species an ... | 2005 | 16628888 |
| attributes of bean yellow mosaic potyvirus transmission from clover to snap beans by four species of aphids (homoptera: aphididae). | after characterization of the natural spread of necrosis-inducing bean yellow mosaic potyvirus (family potyviridae, genus potyvirus, bymv(n)), nonpersistently transmitted from clover, trifolium repens l., to an adjacent field of snap bean, phaseolus vulgaris l., in western oregon, we established a study site enabling us to investigate the virus reservoir, to observe en masse transmission of bymv(n) to bean plants, and to identify aphid species associated with virus spread. colonies of myzus pers ... | 2005 | 16539099 |
| beet poleroviruses: close friends or distant relatives? | summary taxonomy: there are three members of the genus polerovirus (family luteoviridae) that induce yellowing of sugar beet: beet mild yellowing virus (bmyv), beet chlorosis virus (bchv) and beet western yellows virus-usa (bwyv-usa, fig. 1). non-beet-infecting isolates of bwyv found particularly within europe have now been re-named turnip yellows virus (tuyv). species-specific antibodies are unavailable, but the viruses can be distinguished by rt-pcr using primers specifically designed to the 5 ... | 2005 | 20565633 |
| major signaling pathways modulate arabidopsis glucosinolate accumulation and response to both phloem-feeding and chewing insects. | plant responses to enemies are coordinated by several interacting signaling systems. molecular and genetic studies with mutants and exogenous signal application suggest that jasmonate (ja)-, salicylate (sa)-, and ethylene (et)-mediated pathways modulate expression of portions of the defense phenotype in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), but have not yet linked these observations directly with plant responses to insect attack. we compared the glucosinolate (gs) profiles of rosette leaves of 4-w ... | 2005 | 15923339 |
| systemic response to aphid infestation by myzus persicae in the phloem of apium graveolens. | little is known about the molecular processes involved in the phloem response to aphid feeding. we investigated molecular responses to aphid feeding on celery (apium graveolenscv. dulce) plants infested with the aphid myzus persicae, as a means of identifying changes in phloem function. we used celery as our model species as it is easy to separate the phloem from the surrounding tissues in the petioles of mature leaves of this species. we generated a total of 1187 expressed sequence tags (ests), ... | 2005 | 15821978 |
| variation for resistance to aphids (homoptera: aphididae) among tomato inbred backcross lines derived from wild lycopersicon species. | two tomato inbred backcross line (ibl) populations, derived from crosses between aphid-susceptible lycopersicon esculentum mill. 'peto 95-43' x resistant wild l. pennellii corr (d'arcy) accession la716, and peto 95-43 x resistant wild l. hirsutum f. glabratum mull accession la407, were evaluated in replicated field experiments for resistance to potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae (thomas), and green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer). aphid infestation scores for each ibl and control (la716, ... | 2005 | 16022331 |
| evidence for multiple origins of identical insecticide resistance mutations in the aphid myzus persicae. | the peach-potato aphid myzus persicae (sulzer) (hemiptera: aphididae) has developed resistance to pyrethroid insecticides as a result of a mechanism conferring reduced nervous system sensitivity, termed knockdown resistance (kdr). this reduced sensitivity is caused by two mutations, l1014f (kdr) and m918t (super-kdr), in the para-type voltage gated sodium channel. kdr mutations in m. persicae are found in field populations world-wide. in order to investigate whether this situation is due to the ... | 2005 | 15705504 |
| use of the rflp-pcr diagnostic test for characterizing mace and kdr insecticide resistance in the peach potato aphid myzus persicae. | the peach-potato aphid myzus persicae (sulzer) has developed a number of insecticide resistance mechanisms owing to the high selective pressure produced by world-wide insecticide treatments. knowledge of the geographical distribution and the temporal evolution of these resistant phenotypes helps to develop suitable pest-management programs. current understanding of the major mechanisms of resistance at the molecular level makes it possible to diagnose the presence of modified acetylcholinesteras ... | 2005 | 15593078 |
| premature leaf senescence modulated by the arabidopsis phytoalexin deficient4 gene is associated with defense against the phloem-feeding green peach aphid. | aphids, which are phloem-feeding insects, cause extensive loss of plant productivity and are vectors of plant viruses. aphid feeding causes changes in resource allocation in the host, resulting in an increase in flow of nutrients to the insect-infested tissue. we hypothesized that leaf senescence, which is involved in the programmed degradation of cellular components and the export of nutrients out of the senescing leaf, could be utilized by plants to limit aphid growth. using arabidopsis (arabi ... | 2005 | 16299172 |
| amino acid analysis by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with laser-induced fluorescence detection: application to nanolitre-volume biological samples from arabidopsis thaliana and myzus persicae. | amino acids were derivatised with 4-fluoro-7-nitrobenzo-2,1,3-oxadiazol (nbd-f), separated by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (mekc), and detected by argon-ion (488 nm) laser-induced fluorescence. the optimised mekc background electrolyte conditions were: 40 mm sodium cholate, 5 mm beta-cyclodextrin in 20 mm aqueous borate buffer, ph 9.1, with 7% v/v acetonitrile. using these conditions, 19 amino acids were separated within 17 min. the limits of detection were in the range of 7.6-42.2 pmo ... | 2005 | 15714547 |
| diaeretiella rapae limits myzus persicae populations after applications of deltamethrin in oilseed rape. | in fall, myzus persicae (sulzer) (homoptera: aphididae) may exhibit population resurgence in winter oilseed rape in france. this resurgence may arise from pyrethroid treatments against coleoptera (psylliodes chrysocephala l.) that either kill parasitoids present during treatment or prevent recolonization by off-crop parasitoids. we studied the impact of diaeretiella rapae (m'intosh) (hymenoptera: braconidae) on populations of m. persicae when parasitoids were introduced on deltamethrin-treated p ... | 2005 | 15765661 |
| high-throughput detection of knockdown resistance in myzus persicae using allelic discriminating quantitative pcr. | the peach-potato aphid myzus persicae (sulzer) has developed resistance to pyrethroid insecticides as a result of a mechanism conferring reduced nervous system sensitivity, termed knockdown resistance (kdr). this reduced sensitivity is caused by two mutations, l1014f (kdr) and m918t (super-kdr), in the para-type voltage-gated sodium channel. we have developed a diagnostic dose bioassay to detect kdr and provide preliminary information on the genotype present. we also developed two allelic discri ... | 2004 | 15262290 |
| biochemical evidence that an s431f mutation in acetylcholinesterase-1 of aphis gossypii mediates resistance to pirimicarb and omethoate. | molecular changes in acetylcholinesterase (ache) leading to target-site resistance to carbamate and organophosphate insecticides have recently been identified. of particular interest is the s431f mutation in ace2 and its orthologue ace1 of myzus persicae sulzer and aphis gossypii glover, respectively. this mutation has been correlated with resistance to pirimicarb, but biochemical evidence has not yet been provided. here, we describe for the first time that recombinantly expressed ache1 from a g ... | 2004 | 15532677 |
| identification of mutations conferring insecticide-insensitive ache in the cotton-melon aphid, aphis gossypii glover. | we have identified two mutations in the ace1 gene of aphis gossypii that are associated with insensitivity of acetylcholinesterase (ache) to carbamate and organophosphate insecticides. the first of these, s431f (equivalent to f331 in torpedo californica), is associated with insensitivity to the carbamate insecticide pirimicarb in a range of a. gossypii clones. the s431f mutation is also found in the peach-potato aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer), and a rapid rflp diagnostic allows the identificatio ... | 2004 | 15373812 |
| [repellent effect of volatile oil from whitefly (syngonium podophyllum) on aphids and its chemical constituents]. | the interference effect of volatile oil from whitefly (syngonium podophyllum) on aptera aphid, guard aphid (aphis gossypii), mustard aphid (lipaphis erysimi) and red peach aphid (myzus persicae) was studied by using four arms olfraetometes. the results showed that the volatile oil had distinct repelling effect. the staying periods of test aphids in test areas were obviously shorter than in control areas, and the selecting frequencies were less than the control, too. the volatile oil did not show ... | 2004 | 15320409 |
| comparative analysis of neonicotinoid binding to insect membranes: ii. an unusual high affinity site for [3h]thiamethoxam in myzus persicae and aphis craccivora. | neonicotinoids represent a class of insect-selective ligands of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. imidacloprid, the first commercially used neonicotinoid insecticide, has been studied on neuronal preparations from many insects to date. here we report first intrinsic binding data of thiamethoxam, using membranes from myzus persicae sulzer and aphis craccivora koch. in both aphids, specific binding of [3h]thiamethoxam was sensitive to temperature, while the absolute level of non-specific binding ... | 2004 | 15481822 |
| comparative analysis of neonicotinoid binding to insect membranes: i. a structure-activity study of the mode of [3h]imidacloprid displacement in myzus persicae and aphis craccivora. | neonicotinoids bind selectively to insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with nanomolar affinity to act as potent insecticides. while the members of the neonicotinoid class have many structural features in common, it is not known whether they also share the same mode of binding to the target receptor. previous competition studies with [3h]imidacloprid, the first commercialised neonicotinoid, indicated that thiamethoxam, representing a novel structural sub-class, may bind in a different way fr ... | 2004 | 15481821 |
| olfactory responses to aphid and host plant volatile releases: (e)-beta-farnesene an effective kairomone for the predator adalia bipunctata. | the volatiles released from several aphid and host plant species, alone or associated, were studied for their infochemical role in prey location. using a four-arm olfactometer, the attraction of several combinations of three aphid (myzus persicae, acyrthosiphon pisum, and brevicoryne brassicae) and three plant (vicia faba, brassica napus, and sinapis alba) species toward adalia bipunctata larvae and adults was observed. both predatory larvae and adults were attracted only by a. pisum and m. pers ... | 2004 | 15260221 |
| plum pox in north america: identification of aphid vectors and a potential role for fruit in virus spread. | abstract thirteen aphid species were tested for their ability to transmit pennsylvania isolates of plum pox virus (ppv) collected in columbia (penn-3), franklin (penn-4), and york (penn-7) counties, pa. four species, aphis fabae, a. spiraecola, brachycaudus persicae, and myzus persicae, consistently transmitted ppv in preliminary transmission tests. two species, metopolophium dirhodum and rhopalosiphum padi, were occasional inefficient vectors. toxoptera citricida, from florida, also was an effe ... | 2004 | 18943108 |
| downstream divergence of the ethylene signaling pathway for harpin-stimulated arabidopsis growth and insect defense. | ethylene (et) signal transduction may regulate plant growth and defense, depending on which components are recruited into the pathway in response to different stimuli. we report here that the et pathway controls both insect resistance (ir) and plant growth enhancement (pge) in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) plants responding to harpin, a protein produced by a plant pathogenic bacterium. pge may result from spraying plant tops with harpin or by soaking seeds in harpin solution; the latter esp ... | 2004 | 15516507 |
| properties of a virus isolated from vernonia amygdalina del. in lagos, nigeria. | a previously uncharacterized virus tentatively named vernonia green vein-banding virus (vgvbv) was isolated from vernonia amygdalina del. ("bitterleaf") from lagos, nigeria. the virus was mechanically transmissible but had a narrow host range restricted to nicotiana benthamiana, chenopodium quinoa and c. amaranticolor. it was also transmissible in a non-persistent manner by myzus persicae. the virus was purified from n. benthamiana and about 750 nm long flexuous rod-shaped particles were observe ... | 2004 | 15745049 |
| seasonal occurrence and relative abundance of aphids on potato plants with classical and transgenic characters of resistance to colorado potato beetle leptinotarsa decemlineata (say). | the seasonal abundance and dynamics of potato-infesting aphids were studied in two seasons, on potato solanum tuberosum l. with various types of transgenic and classical resistance to primary pests, especially the colorado potato beetle (cpb), leptinotarsa decemlineata (say). the lines tested were the newleaf potato, a transgenic expressing the bacillus thuringiensis cryiiia toxin (btt); nyl 235-4 a parental line derived from s. berthaultii (nyl) with a high density of glandular trichomes; and a ... | 2004 | 15759424 |
| dose-response relationship in lethal and behavioural effects of different insecticides on the parasitic wasp aphidius ervi. | neurotoxic insecticides are widely used for crop protection and behavioural perturbations can be expected in surviving beneficial insects, including parasitoids of pest insects. the present study aims to investigate the relationship between the dose of insecticide parasitoids have been exposed to, and the subsequent ability of these parasitoids to respond to host-related cues. a four-armed olfactometer, a design widely used to observe orientation responses in various insects and parasitoids in p ... | 2004 | 14599507 |
| expression of functionally active helper component protein of tobacco etch potyvirus in the yeast pichia pastoris. | tobacco etch potyvirus (tev) is transmitted by aphids in a non-persistent manner with the assistance of a virus-encoded protein known as helper component (hc-pro). to produce a biologically active form of recombinant tev hc-pro protein, heterologous expression in the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris was used. a cdna encoding the tev hc-pro region, fused to a saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-mating factor secretory peptide coding region, was inserted into the p. pastoris genome using a modified ... | 2004 | 14718639 |
| further characterization of 'sweet potato virus 2': a distinct species of the genus potyvirus. | an incompletely described potyvirus isolate from sweet potato in taiwan, referred to as 'sweet potato virus 2' (spv2), was further characterised. electron microscopy revealed that spv2 has filamentous particles of 850 nm in length and induces cytoplasmic cylindrical inclusions consisting of pinwheels and scrolls. the virus was mechanically transmitted to several species of the genera chenopodium, datura, nicotiana, and ipomoea. two biotypes of myzus persicae transmitted spv2 in a non-persistent ... | 2004 | 14745592 |
| genetic diversity and insecticide resistance of myzus persicae (hemiptera: aphididae) populations from tobacco in chile: evidence for the existence of a single predominant clone. | the tobacco-feeding race of myzus persicae (sulzer), formerly known as m. nicotianae blackman, was introduced into chile during the last decade. in order to evaluate the genetic diversity and insecticide resistance status of chilean tobacco aphid populations, a field survey was conducted in 35 tobacco fields covering a 300 km latitudinal survey. the populations sampled were characterized using microsatellite markers and morphometric multivariate analysis. insecticide resistance levels were asses ... | 2004 | 14972045 |
| mode of inheritance of the polymorphic esterases in myzus persicae (hemiptera: aphididae) in japan. | crossing experiments were conducted with 43 different parental clones of myzus persicae (sulzer) to clarify the genetic bases of esterase variations detected by electrophoresis. a total of 468 f1 clones obtained were analysed for variants at six polymorphic esterase loci, including one associated with resistance to organophosphorus insecticides (rae). in addition, the effect of six different host plants on the activity of esterases was examined. the inheritance of variants at two loci could be e ... | 2004 | 14972051 |
| activity of aphids associated with lettuce and broccoli in spain and their efficiency as vectors of lettuce mosaic virus. | this research sought to identify the aphid virus vector species associated with lettuce and broccoli crops in spain, and to determine their population dynamics and ability to transmit lettuce mosaic virus (lmv). green tile traps and moericke yellow water-pan traps were used to monitor aphid flights during the spring and autumn growing seasons of 2001. aphid species feeding on lettuce were counted weekly. the transmission efficiencies of lmv were determined for the aphid species caught most frequ ... | 2004 | 15036838 |
| estimation of the number of aphids carrying citrus tristeza virus that visit adult citrus trees. | aphid species were counted on citrus trees in orchards in valencia, spain, in the spring and autumn of 1997, 1998 and 1999. moericke yellow water traps, the 'sticky shoot' method and counts of established colonies were used in extensive surveys in which 29,502 aphids were recorded and identified. aphis spiraecola and aphis gossypii were the most abundant aphid species. the numbers of aphid species landing on mature trees of grapefruit, sweet orange, lemon and clementine and satsuma mandarins, we ... | 2004 | 15036840 |
| dna methylation in insects. | cytosine dna methylation has been demonstrated in numerous eukaryotic organisms and has been shown to play an important role in human disease. the function of dna methylation has been studied extensively in vertebrates, but establishing its primary role has proved difficult and controversial. analysing methylation in insects has indicated an apparent functional diversity that seems to argue against a strict functional conservation. to investigate this hypothesis, we here assess the data reported ... | 2004 | 15056357 |
| effects of sub-lethal and lethal doses of lambda-cyhalothrin on oviposition experience and host-searching behaviour of a parasitic wasp, aphidius ervi. | in many parasitoid species, the recognition of chemical signals is essential to find specific hosts. this function is often impaired by exposure to insecticides that are usually neurotoxic. the behaviour of the hymenopterous parasitoid aphidius ervi (haliday) (hymenoptera: aphidiinae) after surviving low doses of the pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin was examined in laboratory conditions. the host aphid was myzus persicae (sulzer) (homoptera: aphididae) on oilseed rape. parasitoid females were expos ... | 2004 | 15119601 |