Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| exchange of the vp5 of infectious bursal disease virus in a serotype i strain with that of a serotype ii strain reduced the viral replication and cytotoxicity. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), belonging to avibirnavirus genus in the birnaviridae family, consists of two segments of double-strand rna. there are two distinct serotypes of ibdv, the pathogenic serotype i and the non-pathogenic serotype ii. comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of a panel of vp5 genes retrieved from genbank revealed a high identity among strains within the serotype i or serotype ii group but a low identity between strains across two serotypes. in this study, ... | 2009 | 19557352 |
| influence of chicken serum mannose-binding lectin levels on the immune response towards escherichia coli. | this study aimed to investigate the effect of mannose-binding lectin (mbl) on infections with escherichia coli in chickens. initially, the basic levels of mbl in 4 different lines of layer chickens, namely isa brown, lohmann selected leghorn, lohmann braun, and hellevad, were investigated. this investigation revealed a 2-to 3-fold difference in the basic levels of mbl in serum between some of these commercial lines. furthermore, the ontogeny of the basic level of mbl in serum of an experimental ... | 2009 | 19211523 |
| pathogenicity of infectious bursal disease virus variant al2 in young chickens. | limited information is available on the effects of the recently emerged infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) variant al2. in this study, the effects of inoculation of 4-day-old chickens with increasing doses of ibdv al2 were characterized. ibdv al2 induced neither overt clinical signs nor mortality. infected chickens showed reduced bursa indices (bi) and bursa lymphocytic depletion, as determined by histomorphometry. however, histomorphometry and bi values differed during the early stages of t ... | 2009 | 19432007 |
| protection of chicken against very virulent ibdv provided by in ovo priming with dna vaccine and boosting with killed vaccine and the adjuvant effects of plasmid-encoded chicken interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma. | the aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of in ovo prime-boost vaccination against infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) using a dna vaccine to prime in ovo followed by a killed-vaccine boost post hatching. in addition, the adjuvant effects of plasmid-encoded chicken interleukin-2 and chicken interferon-gamma were tested in conjunction with the vaccine. a plasmid dna vaccine (pcdna-vp243) encoding the vp2, vp4, and vp3 proteins of the very virulent ibdv (vvibdv) sh/92 strain was inject ... | 2009 | 19461208 |
| molecular characteristic of vp2 gene of infectious bursal disease viruses isolated from a farm in two decades. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) is a double-stranded rna virus in the birnaviridae family. four pathotypes, attenuated, virulent, antigenic variant, and very virulent, have been identified. in this study, we examined the phylogenetic relationship of 25 field isolates that were collected from a single farm during 1989-2008. a sequence analysis of pcr amplified 714 bp vp2 region showed that all the samples were derived from very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv) and were mor ... | 2009 | 19340568 |
| infectivity and propagation of attenuated infectious bursal disease virus in the chicken b-lymphocyte cell line dt40. | in this paper, the infectivity and propagation of two attenuated infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) strains in dt40 cells were investigated. the results showed that both of the tested strains, tad and hn(3), directly infect and proliferate in dt40 cells, requiring no adaptive passages. unexpectedly, ibdv can be rapidly propagated and continuously harvested at high titers for a long time, accompanied by the rapid growth of host cells and showing no increase in pathogenicity. our results provi ... | 2009 | 19225716 |
| genomic analysis of one chinese strain ys07 of infectious bursal disease virus reveals unique genetic diversity. | the complete genome sequence of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) ys07 strain with low mortality isolated from guangdong province of china in 2007 was reported in this study. the genome sequences and deduced amino acid (aa) sequences of ys07 were compared with that of previously reported ibdv strains. phylogenetic analyses based on the deduced aa sequences of vp5, polyprotein, and vp1 protein revealed that ys07 bears its origin from european very virulent (vv) ibdv strains. multiple aa sequ ... | 2009 | 19533318 |
| impaired intestinal mucosal immunity in specific-pathogen-free chickens after infection with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. | diarrhea is one of the most important clinical side effects that occurs in chickens after infection with bursal disease virus. however, the kinetics of the intestinal mucosal immune parameters in infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv)-infected birds remains unclear. forty-five specific-pathogen-free chickens were randomly divided into 2 groups [30 chickens in the very virulent ibdv (vvibdv)-infected group and 15 chickens in the control group] to determine the effect of vvibdv infection on intest ... | 2009 | 19590077 |
| development of sybr green i based one-step real-time rt-pcr assay for the detection and differentiation of very virulent and classical strains of infectious bursal disease virus. | a sybr green i based one-step real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was developed for the detection and differentiation of very virulent (vv) and classical strains of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). the assay showed high pcr efficiency >93% and high reproducibility with coefficient of variation less than 0.5%. when tested on characterized ibdv strains, the very virulent and classical-specific primers detected accurately only vvibdv and classical ibdv strains, respecti ... | 2009 | 19591873 |
| molecular characterization of pakistani field isolates of infectious bursal disease virus. | the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rt-pcr/rflp) technique was used to identify and characterize pakistani field isolates of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). these isolates have caused heavy losses to the poultry industry (mortality up to 60%) during the period between 1999 and 2005. ten samples (five local isolates and five commercial vaccines) were examined for ibdv. nine samples were positive for ibdv as evidenced by ... | 2009 | 19630241 |
| development of reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for the detection of infectious bursal disease virus. | to establish a reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) method for rapid detection of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), four primers specific to six regions of the vp3 gene were designed; the vp3 region was selected because it is a conserved part of the ibdv genome. after amplification in an isothermal water bath for 70 min, samples containing ibdv generated the expected ladder-like products while other viruses generated no product. the sensitivity and specifi ... | 2009 | 19643144 |
| molecular epizootiology of infectious bursal disease (ibd) in korea. | we conducted a molecular epizootiological study of infectious bursal disease (ibd) in korea by analyzing 85 ibd viruses (ibdvs) obtained from vaccinated or unvaccinated flocks between 1980 and 2007. phylogenetic analysis of the partial nucleotide sequence of the hypervariable region of the vp2 gene (nucleotides 661-1020) and pathogenicity tests revealed more genetic and phenotypic diversity of ibdv in korea than has been reported previously. we showed that very virulent ibdvs (vvibdvs) were alre ... | 2009 | 19728069 |
| rapid detection of infectious bursal disease virus by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay. | a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay was developed for the rapid identification of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). the rt-lamp assay used a set of 4 primers to amplify the viral protein 2 gene of ibdv for the detection of ibdv, showing not only high efficiency but also analytic specificity. the data demonstrated that the rt-lamp assay detected 30 different ibdv isolates, had no cross-reaction with 3 other avian viruses (infectious bronchitis viru ... | 2009 | 19901286 |
| effect of the polysaccharide extract from the edible mushroom pleurotus ostreatus against infectious bursal disease virus. | the polysaccharide-containing extracellular fractions (efs) of the edible mushroom pleurotus ostreatus have immunomodulating effects. being aware of these therapeutic effects of mushroom extracts, we have investigated the synergistic relations between these extracts and biavac and biaromvac vaccines. these vaccines target the stimulation of the immune system in commercial poultry, which are extremely vulnerable in the first days of their lives. by administrating ef with polysaccharides from p. o ... | 2009 | 20111675 |
| efficacy of single dose recombinant herpesvirus of turkey infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) vaccination against a variant ibdv strain. | the use of viral vectors for transgenic expression of immunogenic proteins is a current trend in the poultry industry. the objective of this work was to assess the protection against the variant e of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), conferred by day-one vaccination with a commercial recombinant herpesvirus of turkey (hvt) vaccine (vaxxitek) expressing the immunogenic viral protein 2 from a classical ibdv. in separate trials, 1-day-old specific-pathogen-free (spf) or broiler chickens were ... | 2009 | 20095167 |
| comparative susceptibility of chickens, turkeys and ducks to infectious bursal disease virus using immunohistochemistry. | twenty chicks, 12 turkey poults and 10 ducklings, all 5 weeks old were infected with 2 x 10(3.5) chick ld(50) ibd virus to determine the course of the virus in the 3 poultry species. uninfected control birds were kept separately. two infected and 2 control birds/species were euthanized at time intervals between 3 and 168 hours post infection (pi). sections of thymus, bursa of fabricius, spleen, liver, kidney, proventriculus and ceacal tonsil were stained for the detection of ibd virus antigen us ... | 2009 | 18663594 |
| sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the infectious bursal disease virus isolates from outbreak in layer flocks in the state of minas gerais. | sequencing and phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding vp2 protein was carried out in order to characterize the agent of two outbreaks of infectious bursal disease in layer flocks in the state of minas gerais in 2004. the results indicate the outbreaks could be related to the vaccinal virus. | 2009 | 24031345 |
| preparation and evaluation of an experimental iscom-based infectious bursal disease vaccine. | the present study was conducted to develop and evaluate an experimental iscom-based infectious bursal disease (ibd) vaccine. the indigenous very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv) already attenuated and adapted to vero cell line was used. after denaturation of viral proteins with sodium dodecyl sulphate (sds), an ibd-iscom was constructed. the non-incorporated viral components were separated from iscom by centrifugation of dialysate. the pathogenicity and immunogenicity trials wer ... | 2008 | 23100740 |
| mast cell mediated inflammatory response in chickens after infection with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. | the potential role of the mast cells in the invasion of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv) is unknown. we evaluated mast cell activity and tryptase production after vvibdv infection in special pathogen-free (spf) chickens using cytochemistry and immunohistochemistry analyses. the results were as follows: (1) severe histologic lesions were observed in the thymus, spleen, cloacal bursa, liver, kidney and other tissues. vvibdv viral antigens were detected and presented extensive ... | 2008 | 18342956 |
| arginine and vitamin e modulate the subpopulations of t lymphocytes in broiler chickens. | we examined the effects of vitamin e (ve) and arg on the subpopulations of t lymphocytes in peripheral blood after an infectious bursal disease virus vaccination (20 d old, n = 54). broiler chickens were fed diets with normal levels of arg (narg, 1.2%) or high levels of arg (harg, 2.2%) and 3 levels of ve (40, 80, or 200 iu/kg of feed) in a factorial arrangement of treatments. the percentages of cd4+ and cd8+ cells 9 d after vaccination were not different in birds fed the harg or narg feed, but ... | 2008 | 18079449 |
| proteomics analysis of host cells infected with infectious bursal disease virus. | the effect of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) infection on cellular protein expression is essential for viral pathogenesis. to characterize the cellular response to ibdv infection, the differential proteomes of chicken embryo fibroblasts, with and without ibdv infection, were analyzed at different time points with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) followed by maldi-tof/tof identification. comparative analysis of multiple 2-de gels revealed that the majority of protein expression ... | 2008 | 18056921 |
| novel rath peptide for intracellular delivery of protein and nucleic acids. | in the present study, a novel cell penetrating peptide (cpp) named as rath, has been identified from the avian infectious bursal disease virus. it has the potential to penetrate and translocate cargo molecules into cells independent of temperature. additionally, it can deliver oligonucleotide in 30min and antibodies within an hour intracellular to chicken embryonic fibroblast primary cells. as an ideal delivery vehicle, it has the ability to protect the cargo molecules in the presence of serum, ... | 2008 | 18346454 |
| effect of sulfated astragalus polysaccharide on cellular infectivity of infectious bursal disease virus. | four kinds of astragalus polysaccharides (apss), aps(t), aps(40), aps(50) and aps(60), were extracted by water decoction and one-step or stepwise ethanol precipitation methods, and modified by chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine method to obtain four sulfated apss (sapss) (saps(t), saps(40), saps(50), saps(60)), respectively. the effects of four sapss on cellular infectivity of bursal disease virus (ibdv) were compared by mtt method taking non-modified aps(t) as control. the results showed that modifie ... | 2008 | 18061660 |
| sequence and phylogenetic analysis of a chinese very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. | the complete genome sequence of a chinese very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv) strain, harbin-1, was determined. based on the sequence analysis, the molecular characteristics and potential virulence determinants and origin of vvibdv strains were identified. phylogenetic analysis indicated that a reassortment and/or recombination event may have occurred in the emergence of chinese vvibdv strains. | 2008 | 18622570 |
| direct detection of infectious bursal disease virus from clinical samples by in situ reverse transcriptase-linked polymerase chain reaction. | the presence of the very virulent (vv) brazilian strain of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) was determined in the bursa of fabricius, thymus and liver of 2-week-old broilers from a flock with a higher than expected mortality. for this purpose, a direct in situ reverse transcriptase (rt)-linked polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method was developed using specific primers for vvibdv. unlabelled forward and reverse biotinylated oligonucleotides were used for rt-pcr in a one-step method and the ... | 2008 | 18622865 |
| protection against infectious bursal disease virulent challenge conferred by a recombinant avian adeno-associated virus vaccine. | the development and use of recombinant vaccine vectors for the expression of poultry pathogens proteins is an active research field. the adeno-associated virus (aav) is a replication-defective virus member of the family parvoviridae that has been successfully used for gene delivery in humans and other species. in this experiment, an avian adeno-associated virus (aaav) expressing the infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) vp2 protein (raaav-vp2) was evaluated for protection against ibdv-virulent ... | 2008 | 18646463 |
| [sulfated modification conditions optimization of astragalus polysaccharide by orthogonal test and anti-ibdv activity determination of the modifiers]. | to optimize the sulfated modification conditions of astragalus polysaccharide (aps) and probe into the probability of sulfated modification to enhance aps activity. | 2008 | 18661835 |
| detection of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) genome in free-living pigeon and guinea fowl in africa suggests involvement of wild birds in the epidemiology of ibdv. | infectious bursal disease (ibd) virus (ibdv) serotype 1 is the causative agent of ibd, a highly contagious immunosuppressive disease of young chickens. in this study, we examined ibdv infection in apparently healthy 21 guinea fowls and 20 pigeons obtained in tanzania and zambia by virus neutralization test (vnt) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for the vp2 hypervariable region (vp2-hvr) of ibdv. two guinea fowls (9.5%) in tanzania were rt-pcr and vnt positive for ibdv ... | 2008 | 18343984 |
| health evaluation of free-ranging humboldt penguins (spheniscus humboldti) in peru. | as part of ongoing ecological studies of humboldt penguins (spheniscus humboldti) at punta san juan, ica department, peru, health surveys were conducted in november 1992, 1993, and 1994. in the three surveys, 98 birds in total were handled for examination, and blood was collected for laboratory analysis from 90 of these birds. all birds seemed to be in good condition. body weights of females were significantly lower in 1994 than in the other years. fleas (parapsyllus humboldti) and ticks (ornith ... | 2008 | 18459309 |
| chicken b lymphoma dt40 cells as a useful tool for in vitro analysis of pathogenic infectious bursal disease virus. | susceptibility of dt40 cells to pathogenic field strains of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) including very virulent and classical virulent strains were studied. after the first and second passage of the virus in dt40 cells, ibdv-specific antigen was readily detected in dt40 cells inoculated with the pathogenic field strain infected bursal homogenates. nucleotide sequence analysis in the vp2 hypervariable domain, which is critical for the virulence of ibdv, revealed no common amino acid su ... | 2008 | 18460838 |
| [preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against m2 protein of avian influenza virus]. | to prepare and characterize the monoclonal antibodies against m2 protein of avian influenza virus (aiv). | 2008 | 18466706 |
| ifn-gamma upregulation and protection by macrophage-adapted infectious bursal disease virus. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) causes an acute, highly contagious and immunosuppressive disease in chickens. the virus infects and destroys actively dividing igm-bearing b cells in the bursa. although antibody response is considered important in defense against virulent ibdv, antibody alone is not sufficient and cell-mediated immunity (cmi) appears to play a critical role. we serially passaged classical ibdv (cibdv) in mq-ncsu, an avian macrophage cell line. the macrophage-adapted virus ... | 2008 | 18601966 |
| effective inhibition of infectious bursal disease virus replication in vitro by dna vector-based rna interference. | infectious bursal disease (ibd) leads to considerable economic losses for the poultry industry by inducing severe immunosuppression and high mortality in chickens. the objective of this study was to determine if rna interference (rnai) could be utilized to inhibit ibdv replication in vitro. we selected 3 short interfering rna (sirna) sequences (sivp1(618), sivp1(1,115), and sivp1(2,571)) based on conserved regions in the vp1 gene of the infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). when the vero cells ... | 2008 | 18378010 |
| structural insights into the multifunctional protein vp3 of birnaviruses. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), a member of the birnaviridae family, is the causative agent of one of the most harmful poultry diseases. the ibdv genome encodes five mature proteins; of these, the multifunctional protein vp3 plays an essential role in virus morphogenesis. this protein, which interacts with the structural protein vp2, with the double-stranded rna genome, and with the virus-encoded, rna-dependent rna polymerase, vp1, is involved not only in the formation of the viral capsi ... | 2008 | 18184581 |
| efficient rescue of infectious bursal disease virus using a simplified rna polymerase ii-based reverse genetics strategy. | we describe a simplified rna polymerase ii-based reverse genetics approach that allows for the efficient rescue of high-titer infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) from cloned cdnas of genomic segments a and b. unlike the previously reported rna polymerase ii-based methods, the developed strategy does not necessitate the introduction of a ribozyme sequence at both ends of the genomic cdna sequences. this was achieved by fusing the 5' terminal sequence of the cdna of each segment to the transcri ... | 2008 | 18392769 |
| attenuation of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus and comparison of full sequences of virulent and attenuated strains. | a very virulent strain of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdvks) was isolated from the bursae of fabricius of ibdv-affected broiler chickens. following 43 serial passages in specific pathogen-free embryonated eggs, an attenuated strain was established (ibdvmb). dosages of ibdvmb in the range 10(2) to 10(4) embryo infective dose of 50% were found to be safe and protective for commercial chicks. chickens vaccinated with live vaccine containing ibdvmb responded with precipitating and type-specifi ... | 2008 | 18393093 |
| development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) infection based on the vp3 structural protein. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) causes a contagious immunosuppressive disease in chickens. the aim of the present study is to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using the expressed vp2 or vp3 protein of ibdv as the coating antigen for detecting antibodies to ibdv. experimental results were compared with virus neutralization assay and a commercial-available elisa. these assays were used to examine the sera from farm chickens and chickens vaccinated experimentally. the vp3 ... | 2008 | 18485623 |
| a chromatographic strip test for rapid detection of one lineage of the h5 subtype of highly pathogenic avian influenza. | a rapid immune colloidal gold test strip for detecting 1 lineage of the h5 subtype of highly pathogenic avian influenza was developed based on membrane chromatography with monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against hemagglutinin (ha) of the h5 subtype of avian influenza virus (aiv). bagg albino c mice that were immunized with aiv a/goose/guangdong/3/96(h5n1) yielded 4 hybridomas secreting mabs (1a6, 1b8, 3c4, and 8f6) specific for ha. monoclonal antibody 3c4 was conjugated with colloidal gold as the d ... | 2008 | 18776087 |
| studies on naturally occurring infectious bursal disease viruses suggest that a single amino acid substitution at position 253 in vp2 increases pathogenicity. | three classic ibdv strains were previously isolated from commercial layer chicken flocks and shown to be phylogenetically related to vaccine strains but pathogenic in susceptible chickens. in this study, their viral genomes were sequenced and compared to sequences of vaccines being used in those flocks. the vaccine strains examined were sequenced directly from the manufacturer and had identical genome segment b sequences. compared to these vaccines, the ga-1, h-30 and cs-2-35 isolates each had o ... | 2008 | 18502466 |
| effects of a multi-strain probiotic (primalac) on performance and antibody responses to newcastle disease virus and infectious bursal disease virus vaccination in broiler chickens. | the effects of the probiotic primalac (lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus casei, enterococcus faecium and bifidobacterium bifidium) was investigated on performance and immune responses to vaccination against newcastle disease and infectious bursal disease in broiler chickens. use of primalac significantly (p<0.05) enhanced broiler performance by improving body weight and decreasing the feed conversion ratio. although administration of the probiotic appeared to improve the antibody response ... | 2008 | 18798026 |
| unique co-expression of immune cell-related genes in ibdv resistant chickens indicates the activation of specific cellular host-response mechanisms. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) causes highly contagious, immunosuppressive disease that leads to high mortality in young chickens. the purpose of this study was to look for the genetic regulation of the immune acute immune response to ibdv in our selected lines. chicks of a f2 generation of two lines divergently selected for early high (hh) or low (ll) antibody (ab) response to escherichia coli vaccination were challenged with virulent ibdv. viral load in infected bursae was used to dete ... | 2008 | 18817297 |
| replication and packaging of an infectious bursal disease virus segment a-derived minigenome. | a synthetic cytomegalovirus (cmv) promoter-driven cdna minigenome containing the enhanced green fluorescence protein (egfp) gene as a reporter was derived from the genomic segment a of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). the 5'-end of the minigenome was fused to the transcription start site of the immediate early cmv promoter, and the hepatitis delta virus (hdv) ribozyme sequence was added at its 3'-end. we show that co-transfection of the minigenome with a plasmid encoding the ibdv rna-depe ... | 2008 | 18562033 |
| molecular characterization of field isolates and vaccine strains of infectious bursal disease virus. | the present investigation was conducted to study the genetic heterogenicity and molecular polymorphism among the field isolates and vaccine strains of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). samples of bursa of fabricius from 15 suspected outbreaks of infectious bursal disease (ibd) were subjected to agar gel precipitation test (agpt), virus isolation and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) combined with restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp). nine out of 15 samples ... | 2008 | 17499851 |
| reassortant infectious bursal disease virus isolated in china. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) is a bi-segmented, double-stranded rna virus which belongs to the genus avibirnavirus of the family birnavirideae. in this study, we determined the complete nucleotide sequences of a reassortment ibdv strain tl2004 with segments a and b derived from attenuated and very virulent strains of ibdv. this strain is pathogenic to spf-embryonated eggs and chickens, although it is not as virulent as very virulent strain. genomic sequence in genbank analysis showed t ... | 2008 | 17945373 |
| combining x-ray and electron-microscopy data to solve crystal structures. | low-resolution electron-microscopy reconstructions can be used as search models in molecular replacement or may be combined with existing monomeric structures in order to produce multimeric models suitable for molecular replacement. the technique is described in the case of viral and subviral particles as well as in the case of oligomeric proteins. | 2008 | 18094469 |
| genotyping of canadian isolates of fowl adenoviruses. | five hundred and seventy-three clinical submissions with fowl adenovirus (fadv) involvement were examined to investigate the association of different types of fadv with clinical problems related to fadv infection. samples were received from 2000 to 2006 and originated from seven canadian provinces. four hundred and eighty-seven submissions were inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) related, while 86 were not ibh related. viruses isolated from 287 samples were further analysed by hexon gene loop 1 seque ... | 2008 | 18202956 |
| backyard chicken flocks pose a disease risk for neotropic birds in costa rica. | pathogens of free-ranging chickens create a risk of disease for wild birds, some of which migrate to the united states, as well as potential economic losses for resource-poor farmers. free-roaming backyard chickens are commonly kept in shade-grown coffee plantations, habitats that attract large numbers of wild birds. the husbandry and pathogen prevalence of backyard chicken flocks in san luis, costa rica, were investigated. based on serologic evidence, newcastle disease virus, infectious laryngo ... | 2008 | 19166045 |
| very virulent infectious bursal disease virus isolated from wild birds in korea: epidemiological implications. | to explore the epidemiological link between infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) in wild birds and domestic chickens in korea, we examined 107 free-living wild birds, representing 7 species, that were found dead of apparent natural causes in korea over the past two years for the presence of ibdv. five birds were tested positive for ibdv by rt-pcr assay: black-billed magpie (n=1), mallard duck (n=2), bean goose (n=1) and white-fronted goose (n=1). ibdv was isolated from rt-pcr-positive tissues ... | 2008 | 18652855 |
| molecular characterisation of infectious bursal disease viruses isolated in recent acute outbreaks in slovenia. | in 2004 and then in 2006 several outbreaks of infectious bursal disease (ibd) were reported in broiler and broiler breeder flocks in slovenia. in this report ten recently emerged ibd viruses (ibdv) were characterised by sequence analysis of the vp2 hypervariable region and compared to previous slovene ibdv strains from 1995/1996 and to some representative serotype 1 ibdv strains of different pathotypes. on the basis of nucleotide and amino acid identities, phylogenetic analyses and the presence ... | 2008 | 18669253 |
| molecular characterization of iranian infectious bursal disease viruses. | this study was conducted to characterize nine infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) isolates from iran. a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) procedure was used to amplify a 743-bp fragment of the vp2 gene hypervariable region from ibdv field isolates. amplified vp2 fragments of the nine ibdv isolates were sequenced and compared with published sequences of ibdv strains from iran and around the world, and their phylogenetic relationships were analyzed. three isolates demonst ... | 2008 | 19166060 |
| sequence analysis of the vp2 hypervariable region of eight very virulent infectious bursal disease virus isolates from the northeast of china. | nucleotide sequences of the vp2 gene of eight infectious bursal disease viruses isolated from vaccinated chicken flocks in the northeast of china were determined. the sequence analysis showed that all of the isolates were also characterized by the vvibdv conserved amino acid residues: 222a, 256i, 294i, and 299s. four of them had one amino acid change (d-->n) at position 212 in vp2 major hydrophilic peak a, while two of the four isolates had another one (a-->v) at position 321 in major hydrophili ... | 2008 | 18646458 |
| mdv-1 vp22 conjugated vp2 enhancing immune response against infectious bursal disease virus by dna vaccination in mice. | vp22 of marek's disease virus serotype 1 (mdv-1) could function in protein transduction. in this study, an infectious bursal disease virus vp2 gene was fused to the carboxyl termini of vp22. it showed that the fusion protein did not spread into the bystander cells from the cells transfected with pvp22-vp2, as the vp22 alone could. the vp22 proteins were found to be translocated into all the nuclei in the neighboring cos-1 cells, as analyzed by a fluorescence assay. although mice were immunized w ... | 2008 | 18989640 |
| characterization of three infectious bursal disease virus isolates obtained from layer chickens in iran. | three infectious bursal disease viruses (ibdvs) were isolated from field outbreaks in ibdv-vaccinated and non-vaccinated layer chicken flocks. agar gel precipitation test (agpt), immunoperoxidase staining, transmission electron microscopy (tem), inoculation into embryonated eggs, and chicken embryo fibroblasts (cefs) confirmed that the isolates were ibdvs. rt-pcr, restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp), and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the isolates were very virulent ibdv (vv ... | 2008 | 18999891 |
| phylogenetic evidence for homologous recombination within the family birnaviridae. | birnaviruses are bi-segmented double-stranded rna (dsrna) viruses infecting insects, avian species and a wide range of aquatic species. although homologous recombination is a common phenomenon in positive-sense rna viruses, recombination in dsrna viruses is rarely reported. here we performed a comprehensive survey on homologous recombination in all available sequences (>1800) of the family birnaviridae based on phylogenetic incongruence. although inter-species recombination was not evident, pote ... | 2008 | 19008406 |
| turkey coronavirus non-structure protein nsp15--an endoribonuclease. | turkey coronavirus (tcov) polyprotein was predicted to be cleaved into 15 non-structural proteins (nsp2 to nsp16), but none of these nsps have been characterized. tcov nsp15 consists of 338 residues and shares 40% sequence similarity to u-specific nidovirales endoribonuclease (nendou) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. objective: the purpose of the present study was to characterize tcov nsp15. methods: the tcov nsp15 gene was cloned into ptriex1 and expressed as a c-terminal his-t ... | 2008 | 19023218 |
| development of a disperse dye immunochromatographic test for the detection of antibodies against infectious bursal disease virus. | for investigating the feasibility of using disperse dyes as an immunoassay chromogenic marker, a disperse dye, dadisperse navy blue sp, was selected in analyzing antibody against infectious bursal disease virus (anti-ibdv). with the color intensity revealed in the disperse dye immunochromatographic test (dict) strip as the objective function, the optimal dyeing conditions were found as follows: dye concentration absorbance (at lambda(max)=587nm)=3, ph 7, 50 degrees c, for 10min. under these cond ... | 2008 | 18602701 |
| field evaluation of maternal antibody transfer to a group of pathogens in meat-type chickens. | this study was conducted to evaluate the rate of antibody transfer on a flock basis from hens to their day-old chicks in meat-type chickens raised in a commercial setting. fifteen randomly selected hens from a commercial broiler-breeder flock were bled at 37, 40, and 45 wk of age. at day of bleeding, the collected eggs were identified and tracked through hatching where 30 hatchlings were randomly sampled and bled from the jugular vein. antibodies against 10 different pathogens were quantified fr ... | 2008 | 18648048 |
| detection of vaccine-like infectious bursal disease (ibd) virus in ibd vaccine-free chickens in japan. | the prevalence of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) was studied in chickens, which had not been vaccinated against ibd. fifty sera and forty-six bursae of fabricius from chickens showing impaired growth, collected from 7 ibd vaccination-free farms in japan were used for virus neutralization (vn) tests and rt-pcr for detection of ibdv genome corresponding to the vp2 hypervariable region. of the fifty sera, 39 sera (78%) from 6 farms were vn antibodies positive. of the forty-six bursae, 37 bu ... | 2008 | 18772560 |
| protection conferred by coarse spray vaccination against challenge with infectious bursal disease virus in commercial broilers. | the efficacy of coarse spray vaccination against pathogenic infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) in commercial broilers was evaluated. different coarse spray vaccination schedules using a commercial 2512 strain vaccine were compared with single or double drinking water application at 1 and/or 10 days of age. at 29 days of age, the chickens were challenged with the virulent edgar strain of ibdv. seven days postchallenge, severe gross bursal atrophy was observed in the unvaccinated-challenged bi ... | 2008 | 18646460 |
| [cloning of infectious bursal disease virus (gt strain) lack of vp5 gene]. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) belongs to genus avibirnavirus of the family birnaviridae. the genome of ibdv consists of two segments of double-strand rna, which encode four structural protein vp1-vp4 and one non-structural protein vp5. | 2008 | 19271543 |
| [evaluation of the safety of live attenuated vaccine viruses against infectious bursal disease (gumboro disease) in conventional broiler chicks]. | the pathological and immunological effects of two infectious bursal disease (gumboro disease) vaccines containing attenuated virus were evaluated under experimental conditions. a total of 200 conventional broiler chicks were divided into three batches, two of which were administered an experimental dose of gumboro disease vaccine via the ocular route, at 14 days of age, using an 'intermediate' strain for one group and an 'intermediate plus' strain for the other. at different post-inoculation int ... | 2008 | 19284047 |
| sequence analysis of both genome segments of three croatian infectious bursal disease field viruses. | in order to determine the mutations responsible for virulence, three croatian field infectious bursal disease viruses (ibdv), designated cro-ig/02, cro-po/00, and cro-pa/98 were characterized. coding regions of both genomic segments were sequenced, and the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences were compared with previously reported full-length sequenced ibdv strains. phylogenetic analysis, based on the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of polyprotein and vp1, was performed. eight ... | 2008 | 18939645 |
| detection of infectious bursal disease virus isolates with unknown antigenic properties by reverse genetics. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) serotype 1 is the causative agent of a highly contagious immunosuppressive disease of young chickens. in the past, a number of antigenic, as well as pathogenic, subtypes have been described. the determination of the antigenic makeup of circulating strains is of vital interest to the poultry industry because changes in the antigenicity of circulating field strains have an impact on the use of vaccines. to obtain a more comprehensive overview of the relations ... | 2008 | 19166049 |
| infectious bronchitis virus in the chicken harderian gland and lachrymal fluid: viral load, infectivity, immune cell responses, and effects of viral immunodeficiency. | we compared detection of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) by quantitative rt-pcr (qrt-pcr) in tears and trachea of ibv-infected chickens and found that quantitative detection of ibv rna in tears is more sensitive than in tracheal homogenates. furthermore, we demonstrated that ibv contained in chicken lachrymal fluid is infectious and that tears of ibv-infected chickens can be used to infect naive chickens. we compared the immune responses to ibv in the harderian gland and cecal tonsils of immun ... | 2008 | 19166051 |
| infectious bursal disease subunit vaccination. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) is the causative agent of infectious bursal disease, a nosologic entity with global economic importance in poultry. the viral protein 2 (vp2) is recognized as the virus' major antigenic protein. the goal of this study was to generate yeast (pichia pastoris)-based protein expression from the vp2 gene of the edgar strain of ibdv and from the hypervariable region of the vp2 gene (hvvp2) to test the protection afforded against virulent ibdv challenge when inocu ... | 2008 | 19166061 |
| comparison of sybr green i, elisa and conventional agarose gel-based pcr in the detection of infectious bursal disease virus. | the current available molecular method to detect infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) is by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). however, the conventional pcr is time consuming, prone to error and less sensitive. in this study, the performances of sybr green i real-time pcr, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and conventional agarose detection methods in detecting specific ibdv pcr products were compared. we found the real-time pcr was at least 10 times more sensiti ... | 2008 | 16971101 |
| changes in vp3 and vp5 genes during the attenuation of the very virulent infectious bursal disease virus strain gx isolated in china. | a very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv) gx strain with high pathogenicity was attenuated through replication in specific-pathogen free (spf) chicken embryos and in chicken embryo fibroblast (cef) cell cultures. the changes in nucleotide sequences and the deduced amino acid sequences of vp3 and vp5 genes during attenuation were obtained. sequence analysis of selected passages from numbers 0 to 20 in cef's (designated here gx to cef-20) showed that there were no amino acid changes ... | 2007 | 16917739 |
| demonstration of receptor binding properties of vp2 of very virulent strain infectious bursal disease virus on vero cells. | tissue culture adaptation of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) results in alternation of three residues on its major capsid protein vp2 and these residues may engage in receptor binding. although the key of successful infection of tissue culture adapted ibdv in tissue cultures was defined as the virus entering steps, mechanism of the adaptation is poorly understood. in this study, recombinant vp2s of an attenuated strain (d78) and a very virulent strain (hk46) of ibdv tagged with rabbit imm ... | 2007 | 16965830 |
| relative quantification and detection of different types of infectious bursal disease virus in bursa of fabricius and cloacal swabs using real time rt-pcr sybr green technology. | in present study, different types of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), virulent strain dk01, classic strain f52/70 and vaccine strain d78 were quantified and detected in infected bursa of fabricius (bf) and cloacal swabs using quantitative real time rt-pcr with sybr green dye. for selection of a suitable internal control gene, real time pcr parameters were evaluated for three candidate genes, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh), 28s rrna and beta-actin to ibdvs. based on this ... | 2007 | 16678230 |
| in vitro evaluation of the antiviral activity of extracts from the lichen parmelia perlata (l.) ach. against three rna viruses. | substances extracted from lichens have previously been reported to possess antimicrobial activities against various groups of bacteria, fungi and viruses. due to the high abundance of parmelia perlata in the eastern parts of nigeria, we decided to explore whether it possesses antiviral activity against some common animal and human viruses. | 2007 | 19734611 |
| infectious bursal disease virus, a non-enveloped virus, possesses a capsid-associated peptide that deforms and perforates biological membranes. | double-stranded rna (dsrna) virions constitute transcriptionally competent machines that must translocate across cell membranes to function within the cytoplasm. the entry mechanism of such non-enveloped viruses is not well described. birnaviruses are unique among dsrna viruses because they possess a single shell competent for entry. we hereby report how infectious bursal disease virus, an avian birnavirus, can disrupt cell membranes and enter into its target cells. one of its four structural pe ... | 2007 | 17488723 |
| molecular detection and differentiation of infectious bursal disease virus. | vaccination of hens, with the subsequent maternal immunity imparted to chicks, is the primary means of controlling infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). effective vaccination depends on rapid and accurate diagnosis of the subtype present in a flock because vaccines based on the classic subtype of ibdv can fail to protect against challenge with a variant subtype. this review describes the various methods available to detect and differentiate between ibdv subtypes. serotype 1 ibdv causes economi ... | 2007 | 17626477 |
| chicken heat shock protein 90 is a component of the putative cellular receptor complex of infectious bursal disease virus. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) causes a highly contagious disease in young chicks and leads to significant economic losses in the poultry industry. the capsid protein vp2 of ibdv plays an important role in virus binding and cell recognition. vp2 forms a subviral particle (svp) with immunogenicity similar to that of the ibdv capsid. in the present study, we first showed that svp could inhibit ibdv infection to an ibdv-susceptible cell line, df-1 cells, in a dose-dependent manner. second, ... | 2007 | 17522206 |
| oral immunization with transgenic rice seeds expressing vp2 protein of infectious bursal disease virus induces protective immune responses in chickens. | the expression of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) host-protective immunogen vp2 protein in rice seeds, its immunogenicity and protective capability in chickens were investigated. the vp2 cdna of ibdv strain zj2000 was cloned downstream of the gt1 promoter of the rice glutelin glua-2 gene in the binary expression vector, pcambia1301-gt1. agrobacterium tumefaciens containing the recombinant vector was used to transform rice embryogenic calli, and 121 transgenic lines were obtained and grown ... | 2007 | 17561926 |
| development of differential rt-pcr assays and molecular characterization of the complete vp1 gene of five strains of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. | several antigenic and pathogenic subtypes of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) have been identified worldwide. simple and quick differential diagnostic assays are vital for implementing control and prevention strategies for infectious bursal disease (ibd). currently reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (rt-pcr/rflp) and real-time rt-pcr detection have been used. however, the rt-pcr/rflp analysis is time consuming and not feasible ... | 2007 | 18251405 |
| genetic characteristics of infectious bursal disease viruses from four continents. | following the initial discovery of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv) strains in europe, these viruses spread to many parts of the world. in this study, we examined the phylogenetic relationship of never-before-published ibdv from 18 countries on four continents. all the samples were collected between 1997 and 2005 and were reported to be from broiler flocks experiencing higher than expected mortality which is often associated with acute very virulent infectious bursal diseas ... | 2007 | 17488648 |
| comparative bioefficacy of lysine from l-lysine hydrochloride or l-lysine sulfate in basal diets containing graded levels of canola meal for female broiler chickens. | a broiler growth assay was conducted to compare the efficacy of l-lysine hcl and l-lysine sulfate at a graded addition of canola meal (cm). a total of 1,440 1-d-old female hubbard broiler chicks were allotted randomly to 6 dietary treatments each in 4 replicates of 60 birds per pen. the 2 lysine sources (l-lysine hcl and l-lysine sulfate) and the 3 cm levels (10, 15, and 20%) were used in 2 x 3 factorial arrangement in isonitrogenous (19% cp) and equicaloric (2,700 kcal of me/kg) diets containin ... | 2007 | 17297165 |
| effect of egyptian propolis on the susceptibility of ldl to oxidative modification and its antiviral activity with special emphasis on chemical composition. | the antioxidant activity of eight egyptian propolis samples from different localities was evaluated by the antioxidative potential and capacity of the dpph-esr signal, superoxide anion generated in the xanthine-xanthine oxidase (xod) system and low density lipoprotein (ldl) peroxidation assay. as, f, is and d samples showed the highest antioxidative capacity and potential, respectively. the el, isr, is, d and so samples exhibited highly significant antioxidant activity in the xod system and in l ... | 2007 | 18069235 |
| replication of infectious bursal disease virus in macrophages and altered tropism of progeny virus. | we serially passaged classical infectious bursal disease virus (cibdv) and antigenic variant ibdv (vibdv) in an avian macrophage cell line, ncsu cells, referred as mcibdv and mvibdv respectively and examined the in vitro and in vivo characteristics of the macrophage-adapted viruses. ncsu adapted viruses caused earlier destruction of ncsu cells than the unadapted viruses. nitric oxide (no) was detected earlier in cultures infected with mcibdv and mvibdv than in cultures infected with cibdv and vi ... | 2007 | 17353055 |
| a recombinant turkey herpesvirus expressing chicken interleukin-2 increases the protection provided by in ovo vaccination with infectious bursal disease and infectious bronchitis virus. | in ovo vaccination remains an attractive option for the mass application of vaccines to poultry, ensuring a uniform application of vaccine in a cost-effective manner. however, the number of vaccines that can be delivered safely by this method is limited. several infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) vaccines can be given in ovo though most are delivered post-hatch and there are no currently licensed embryo-safe infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccines. reduction in the dose of vaccines given ... | 2007 | 17996994 |
| comparison of four infectious bursal disease viruses isolated from different bird species. | four isolates of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), isolated from chicken, duck, goose and sparrow in jiangsu province of china in 2002, were compared. the viruses were stable to the treatments of 60 degrees c for 1 h, ph 2.0 and lipid solvents. their antigenic relatedness values (r) were from 0.76 to 0.78. chickens infected with the chicken isolate showed severe clinical symptoms of ibd and the mortality rate was 33.3% (2/6). chickens infected with the other three viruses survived but thei ... | 2007 | 17619114 |
| modulation of macrophages by infectious bursal disease virus. | infectious bursal disease is one of the most important naturally occurring viral diseases of chickens worldwide. the causative agent, infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), belongs to the family birnaviridae. this virus causes an acute, highly contagious and immunosuppressive disease in chickens. the virus infects and destroys actively dividing igm-bearing b cells. although b cells are the principal targets for ibdv, recent data show that the virus also infects macrophages. ibdv-infected macrop ... | 2007 | 17675882 |
| use of a vectored vaccine against infectious bursal disease of chickens in the face of high-titred maternally derived antibody. | interference by maternally derived antibody (mda) is a major problem for the vaccination of young chickens against infectious bursal disease (ibd). the choice of the timing of vaccination and of the type (degree of attenuation) of modified-live vaccine (mlv) to use is often difficult. an ibd vectored vaccine (vhvt13), in which turkey herpesvirus (hvt) is used as the vector, was recently developed. this vaccine is administered once at the hatchery, either in ovo or by the subcutaneous route, to 1 ... | 2007 | 17560594 |
| priming with dna vaccine and boosting with killed vaccine conferring protection of chickens against infectious bursal disease. | the present study, including seven trials, was conducted to determine if priming with dna carrying a large segment gene of the ibdv and boosting with killed ibd vaccine could adequately confer protection of specific pathogen free (spf) chickens against ibd. one-day-old chickens were intramuscularly injected with dna plasmid coding for the large segment gene of the ibdv strain variant e (ve) (p/vp243/e) followed by an intramuscular injection of killed ibd vaccine containing both standard and vari ... | 2007 | 17561315 |
| molecular and phenotypic characterization of infectious bursal disease virus isolates. | two infectious bursal disease viruses (ibdvs 1174 and v1) were isolated from ibdv-vaccinated broiler flocks in california and georgia. these flocks had a history of subclinical immunosuppression. these isolates are commonly used in ibdv progeny challenge studies at auburn, al, as well as vaccine manufacturer's vaccine efficacy studies, because they come from populated poultry-producing states, and are requested by poultry veterinarians from those states. nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) ge ... | 2007 | 17626491 |
| the use of gamma irradiation for the inactivation of infectious bursal disease viruses. | the maximum dosage of gamma irradiation approved by the u.s. food and drug administration (fda) for poultry is 3.0 kilograys (kgy). this treatment is designed to reduce bacterial contamination on uncooked poultry carcasses and meat products. the possible presence of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) on poultry postharvest has prompted some countries to study the risk associated with introducing nonnative strains of the virus from imported commodities. the goal of this study was to determine ... | 2007 | 17626493 |
| intratracheally administered pathogen-associated molecular patterns affect antibody responses of poultry. | various potential immune-modulating microbially derived pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamp), or so called homotopes, are present in high concentrations in the environment of food animals. in previous studies, intravenously administered pamp had variable effects on specific primary and secondary immune responses of poultry to systemically administered antigens. in the present study, we evaluated the effects of intratracheal (i.t.) challenge with the pamp lipopolysaccharide, lipoteichoic ... | 2007 | 17626812 |
| [construction of chicken embryo fibroblasts cdna expression library]. | chicken embryo fibroblast (cef) is a primary cellular material to research the infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). constructing the cdna expression library of cef is the foundation to research cell tropism and find cell receptors of ibdv from cef. in order to achieve that purpose, a high-quality cdna expression library of cef was constructed by gateway technology, which could avoid using the restriction enzyme for cloning to solve technical limitation of roution method. the mrna was extracte ... | 2007 | 17672297 |
| [influence of avian reovirus infection on the bursa and immune-reactions in chickens]. | the influences of avian reovirus (arv) infection at 1 day of age on bursa development, antibody responses after vaccinations to avian influenza virus (aiv), newcastle disease virus (ndv) and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), and pathogenecity of virulent ibdv (v-ibdv) were studied in chickens of spf-origin. the results indicated that ly strain arv infection in 1-day-old chickens caused atrophy of the bursa and decreased lymphocyte numbers in the bursa, but it gave no significant negative e ... | 2007 | 17672312 |
| diagnostic potential of recombinant protein of hexahistidine tag and infectious bursal disease virus vpx expressed in escherichia coli. | the current method to detect antibody titre against infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) in chickens is based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using whole virus as coating antigen. coating the elisa plates requires a purified or at least semi-purified preparation of virus as antigen, which needs special skills and techniques. in this study, instead of using whole virus, recombinant protein of hexahistidine tag (his 6 tag) and vpx protein of ibdv expressed in e. coli was used as an ... | 2007 | 17867467 |
| evidence for functional significance of the permuted c motif in co2+-stimulated rna-dependent rna polymerase of infectious bursal disease virus. | segment b of bisegmented infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) encodes virus protein 1 (vp1), possessing rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) activity. this multidomain protein includes an rdrp domain with a non-canonical order of three sequence motifs forming the active site: c-a-b. the a-b-c order of the motifs, as found in rdrps of the majority of viruses, was converted by relocation (permutation) of motif c to a c-a-b order. due to the unusual location and unproven significance, the motif wa ... | 2007 | 17872536 |
| strong and heterogeneous adsorption of infectious bursal disease vp2 subviral particle with immobilized metal ions dependent on two surface histidine residues. | vp2, the single outer protein of infectious bursal disease virus capsid, can self-assemble into t = 1 subviral particle (svp), which can be efficiently purified by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (imac). in this study, a systemic investigation of the adsorption behavior of vp2 svp on ni-nta resin was performed to identify that his253 and his249 on the surface of svp are the key factors accounted for the strong and heterogeneous interaction. first, an untagged vp2-441 svp was constr ... | 2007 | 17877419 |
| experimental infectious bursal disease in the ostrich (struthio camelus). | clinically severe disease was produced in ostriches aged 4 weeks by oral infection with a virulent strain of infectious bursal disease virus (vibdv), namely strain faragher 52/70. four days after infection the birds were humanely killed and tissue samples, including thymus, bursa of fabricius (bf), brain and kidney were collected for examination. histopathologically, the thymus and bf showed severe lymphoid depletion and necrosis, while immunolabelling with a polyclonal antibody demonstrated abu ... | 2007 | 17880991 |
| transcriptional profiles of chicken embryo cell cultures following infection with infectious bursal disease virus. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) is the causative agent of infectious bursal disease in chickens and causes a significant economic loss for the poultry industry. little is understood about the mechanism involved in the host responses to ibdv infection. for better understanding the ibdv-host interaction, we measured steady-state levels of transcripts from 28 cellular genes of chicken embryo (ce) cell cultures infected with ibdv vaccine stain bursine-2 during a 7-day infection course by use ... | 2007 | 17143781 |
| [identification of vp3 antigenic epitopes of infectious bursal disease virus]. | infectious bursal disease virus(ibd) causes infectious bursal disease (ibd), which infects bursal of chicken and can evoke immune suppression. this study identified the antigenic epitopes of four mcabs to ibdv vp3(hrb-3f, hrb-7b, hrb-7c and hrb-10e)with pepscan. a set of 17 partially overlapping or consecutive peptides (p1-p17) spanning vp3 were expressed for epitope screening by pepscan. finally, two antigenic epitopes, 109-119aa and 177-190aa of ibdv vp3, were identified by western blot and el ... | 2007 | 17894234 |
| a comparison of immune responses to infection with virulent infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) between specific-pathogen-free chickens infected at 12 and 28 days of age. | previous studies indicated that the pathogenesis of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) may vary depending on the age of the infected chicken. the reason for this difference is not clear, immunopathogenesis studies comparing different age groups are lacking. in the present study the ibdv-immunopathogenesis was compared in 12-day-old and 28-day-old specific-pathogen-free layer-type chickens. birds were inoculated with the classic virulent strain ibdv-im. interestingly, the up-regulation of int ... | 2007 | 17157923 |
| pivotal role of chifngamma in the pathogenesis and immunosuppression of infectious bursal disease. | this study investigates the pivotal role of chicken interferon-gamma (chifngamma) in the pathogenesis and immunosuppression of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) infection and is divided into in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro experiments. two-week-old specific pathogen free chickens were inoculated with the 849vb very virulent strain of ibdv. the levels of systemic chifngamma and chicken interleukin-6 in the serum were followed for 2 weeks during in vivo experiments. then, splenocytes and bursal ... | 2007 | 17899460 |
| molecular characterization of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv): diversity of very virulent ibdv in tanzania. | nucleotide sequences of the vp2 hypervariable region (vp2-hvr) of 14 infectious bursal disease viruses (ibdvs) isolated in tanzania from 2001 to 2004 were determined. phylogenetic analysis showed that the isolates diverged into two genotypes and belonged to the very virulent (vv) type. in the phylogenetic tree, strains in one genotype clustered in a distinct group and were closely related to some strains isolated in western africa, with nucleotide similarities of 96.1-96.8%, while strains in ano ... | 2007 | 17226068 |
| genotyping of canadian field strains of infectious bursal disease virus. | for this retrospective study, infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) was detected in 134 bursal samples that originated from flocks with conditions such as airsacculitis, tracheitis, pneumonia, septicaemia, inclusion body hepatitis, coccidiosis, and/or a history of production problems without overt clinical symptoms. samples were from seven canadian provinces: ontario, quebec, manitoba, british columbia, nova scotia, alberta, and newfoundland and labrador. viral rna was identified in bursae with ... | 2007 | 17899469 |
| an improved method for infectious bursal disease virus rescue using rna polymerase ii system. | reverse genetics system is an excellent platform to research the construction and function of viruses. genome modification, such as gene recombination, mosaicism, and mutation may interfere with replication, assembly and release of viruses. an efficient, convenient and economical method of virus rescue is undoubtedly required for elevating the efficiency of rescuing crippled virus. in this study, we developed a method to rescue infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) using rna polymerase ii. the ... | 2007 | 17383019 |