Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| growth rate of different sexes of the european quail (coturnix coturnix). | 1. the gompertz equation was used to described the growth of the european quail (coturnix coturnix) from hatching until 107 d of age. 2. differences (p< 0.05) in growth existed between sexes. mature mass values of 148.0 +/- 3.00 and 191.9 +/- 5.35 g respectively were found for males and females. males reached maximum growth at 13.4 +/- 0.33 d while a value of 16.4 +/- 0.46 d was found for females. 3. a plateau in daily food intake was reached when the time of mature mass was approached. | 1997 | 9280362 |
| c-fos expression in the putative avian suprachiasmatic nucleus. | c-fos induction was investigated as a potential component in the avian photic entrainment pathway and as a possible means of locating the central pacemaker in birds. in both quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and starlings (sturnus vulgaris) exposure to 1 h of light induced fos-lir in the visual suprachiasmatic nucleus but not in the medial suprachiasmatic nucleus. however, the degree of c-fos induction in the visual suprachiasmatic nucleus was similar at different circadian times despite the fa ... | 1997 | 9163930 |
| perceptual compensation for coarticulation by japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | when members of a series of synthesized stop consonants varying in third-formant (f3) characteristics and varying perceptually from /da/ to /ga/ are preceded by /al/, human listeners report hearing more /ga/ syllables than when the members of the series are preceded by /ar/. it has been suggested that this shift in identification is the result of specialized processes that compensate for acoustic consequences of coarticulation. to test the species-specificity of this perceptual phenomenon, data ... | 1997 | 9265760 |
| quail cystatin: isolation and characterisation of a new member of the cystatin family and its hypothetical interaction with cathepsin b. | quail cystatin, a new cysteine proteinase inhibitor protein of the cystatin superfamily, was purified from egg albumen of japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica. amino acid sequencing and mass spectrometry revealed the complete 116 amino acid residue primary structure of a phosphorylated form (13,173 da). the inhibitor has a 90% sequence identity with chicken cystatin. its interaction with papain is rapid and tight (ki = 4.4 pm; k(on) = 1.8x10(7) m(-1) s(-1); k(off) = 0.8x10(-4) s(-1)) and ve ... | 1997 | 9276465 |
| effect of growth rate and body mass on resting metabolic rate in galliform chicks. | in this study, we asked whether within-species variation in chick resting metabolic rate was related to variation in growth and whether this relationship changed during development in three galliform species (turkey, meleagris gallopavo, guinea fowl, numida meleagris, and japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica). resting metabolic rate increased by a bi- or triphasic pattern with body mass. for each phase, the relationship between metabolic rate and growth was studied by residual analysis, wi ... | 1997 | 9279916 |
| transport characteristics of the colonic epithelium of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix). | the colon of the domestic fowl sustains a reabsorptive na+ current on both high- and low-sodium diets. however, there is a marked shift in the apical transport step under these two extreme conditions, from amino acid/hexose cotransport on high-salt diets to amiloride-sensitive na+ channels on low-salt diets. the present experiments were performed to study colonic na+ transport in another galliform species, the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix). birds were maintained on a commercial game feed co ... | 1997 | 9366053 |
| proteolytic enzymes in yolk-sac membrane of quail egg. purification and enzymatic characterisation. | degradation of yolk protein is essential for the early development of the avian embryo. in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), proteolysis in the surrounding tissue of the yolk, the yolk-sac membrane, can be inhibited by class-specific inhibitors of cysteine proteinases as well as of aspartic proteinases. purification of the enzymes leads to one cysteine proteinase and one aspartic proteinase with an apparent molecular mass of 29 kd and 44 kd, respectively. both enzymes were purified in ... | 1997 | 9418005 |
| molecular cloning of acid alpha-glucosidase cdna of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and the lack of its mrna in acid maltase deficient quails. | acid alpha-glucosidase (gaa) hydrolyzes alpha-1, 4 and alpha-1, 6 glucosidic linkages of oligosaccharides and degrades glycogen in the lysosomes. the full-length gaa i cdna, pqam8, was isolated from a cdna library derived from japanese quail liver. the cdna is 3569 base pairs long and has an open reading frame capable of coding 932 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequence shares 52% identity with human gaa. transfection of expression vector petam8 into cos-7 cells or acid maltase deficient ( ... | 1997 | 9540858 |
| the structure of the interstitial tissue of the active and resting avian testis. | the interstitial tissue of the testis was studied in gonadally active and gonadally inactive domestic fowl (gallus gallus domesticus), guinea-fowl (numida meleagris), duck (anas platyrhynchos) and japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). gonadal inactivity in the fowl was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of 50 mg oestradiol benzoate. the structure of this tissue was similar in all the birds studied. lymphatic vessels were mostly thin and meandered between the peritubular tissue per ... | 1997 | 9551481 |
| changes in multiple brain regions underlie species differences in a complex, congenital behavior. | the evolutionary brain modifications that produce any complex, congenital behavioral difference between two species have never been identified. evolutionary processes may (i) alter a single, "higher" brain area that generates and/or coordinates the diverse motor components of a complex act; (ii) separately change independent, "lower" brain areas that modulate the fine motor control of the individual components; or (iii) modify both types of areas. this study explores the brain localization of a ... | 1997 | 9050894 |
| changes in serum triiodothyronine, thyroxine, estradiol-17 beta, progesterone levels and egg production in hypocholesterolemia induced japanese quails coturnix coturnix japanica. | mature healthy female japanese quails injected (i.p.) with gemfibrozil at two dose levels for 1,2,3 and 4 weeks induced hypocholesterolemia as observed by the serum cholesterol concentration which was more severe with the higher dose. liver and ovarian cholesterol contents decreased in 3rd and 4th week of the treatment. significant (p > 0.05) increase in serum triiodothyronine (t3) and thyroxine (t4) level were observed between 3rd and 4th week while serum estradiol-17 beta and progesterone leve ... | 1996 | 9055651 |
| disposition of metronidazole in hens (gallus gallus) and quails (coturnix coturnix japonica): pharmacokinetics and whole-body autoradiography. | hens were given single intravenous or oral doses (30 mg/kg body weight) of metronidazole and the plasma concentrations of the drug were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) at intervals from 10 min to 24 h after drug administration. pharmacokinetic variables were calculated by the lagrange algorithm technique. the elimination half-life (t1/2 beta) after the intravenous injection was 4.2 +/- 0.5 h, the volume of distribution (vd(ss) 1.1 +/- 0.2 l/kg and the total body clear ... | 1996 | 8905568 |
| epidemiology of inclusion body hepatitis in poultry in northern india from 1990 to 1994. | the epidemiology of inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) was studied in poultry in northern india, from april 1990 to march 1994, to evaluate the various factors responsible for causing and determining the severity of the disease. broiler chicks and japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were the species examined. the factor observed to be most commonly associated with ibh was the presence of aflatoxins in the feed at higher than permissible levels, i.e. 20 parts per billion. avian adenovirus-1 w ... | 1996 | 9025150 |
| monophyletic origin and unique dispersal patterns of domestic fowls. | with the aim of elucidating in greater detail the genealogical origin of the present domestic fowls of the world, we have determined mtdna sequences of the d-loop regions for a total of 21 birds, of which 12 samples belong to red junglefowl (gallus gallus) comprising three subspecies (six gallus gallus gallus, three gallus gallus spadiceus, and three gallus gallus bankiva) and nine represent diverse domestic breeds (gallus gallus domesticus). we also sequenced four green junglefowl (gallus variu ... | 1996 | 8692897 |
| experimental hepatitis induced by campylobacter jejuni infection in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | to establish an experimental model for vibrionic hepatitis caused by campylobacter jejuni, japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) were inoculated with c. jejuni strains isolated from chicken hepatitis (bl107) and human diarrhea (hp5113). necrotic liver lesions were formed by intra-pancreaticoduodenal vein injection by which the bacteria reached the liver directly via the portal vein, but not by intra-gastric infection. these liver lesions were observed from day 1 to 7 after the infection. ... | 1996 | 8777226 |
| pulmonary macrophages in birds (barn owl, tyto tyto alba), domestic fowl (gallus gallus f. domestica), quail (coturnix coturnix), and pigeons (columbia livia). | birds have a limited number of resident macrophages in the normal steady-state respiratory tract. the discovery of phagocytes in lavages of lung from birds contrasts with findings that phagocytes are seldom seen in investigations in situ. an electron microscopic study was performed in the respiratory units, the parabronchi, and air capillaries in particular in several adult bird species to localize the seat of respiratory macrophages. | 1996 | 8876827 |
| water transport in collecting ducts of japanese quail. | previously, we reported that the countercurrent urine concentration mechanism in birds appears to operate by recycling of a single solute (nacl), in which the thick ascending limb of looped nephrons provides an energy source. to determine the importance of the medullary collecting duct (mcd) in the countercurrent multiplier system, we examined in isolated and perfused mcds from japanese quail, coturnix coturnix, the osmotic and/or diffusional water permeability and whether arginine vasotocin (av ... | 1996 | 8997350 |
| light- and electron-microscopic studies on the secretory cytology of the adenohypophysis of the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | the effects of thyroidectomy, adrenalectomy, and castration on the pars distalis of male japanese quail, and of injection of lh-rh on sexually inactive females, were investigated by light and electron microscopy. correlation between light and electron microscopy was attained by use of alternate thin and thick sections. six types of secretory cells were identified and the ultrastructural characteristics described. putative endocrine functions have been designated on the basis of responses to expe ... | 1996 | 167970 |
| changes in retinal dopaminergic cells and dopamine rhythmic metabolism during the development of a glaucoma-like disorder in quails. | to examine the possible correlation between a dysfunction of the daily rhythm of retinal dopamine (da) and the development of a glaucoma-like disorder in an animal model, the al mutant quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | 1996 | 8843918 |
| molecular cloning of quek 1 and 2, two quail vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) receptor-like molecules. | we have previously reported the cloning of two partial cdnas corresponding to two quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) receptor tyrosine kinases (rtks), named quek 1 and quek 2, and their expression in endothelial cells of the early avian embryo. we here report the cloning of the full-size cdnas for both molecules. sequence comparison shows that quek 1 and 2 share an overall amino acid (aa) identity of 49%. they both comprise seven extracellular immunoglobulin-like (ig-like) domains, a single tran ... | 1996 | 8863722 |
| paired pineals in the developing quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) embryos. | paired pineals were observed as an anomaly in embryonic quail brains between 7 and 9 days of incubation. the size of each pineal was almost the same as that of the normal pineal and it was located slightly lateral of the midline. histological examination of these paired pineals revealed that both had similar cytological features in comparison with the normal pineal of the same developmental stage. no abnormal features were detected in brains and eyes of the embryos with paired pineals. since the ... | 1996 | 8940911 |
| inherited muscular disorder in mutant japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica): an immunohistochemical study. | cryostat sections of myofibres from the musculus pectoralis thoracicus of a newly established mutant strain (lwc) of japanese quail with a myotonic dystrophy-like myopathy were labelled with antibody against myosin heavy chain (mhc) isoforms and neural cell adhesion molecule (n-cam). the characteristic lesions found in sections of muscle of lwc quail stained with haematoxylin and eosin were type 2b fibre atrophy, sarcoplasmic masses, and ring fibres. immunohistochemical examination failed to dis ... | 1996 | 8910742 |
| body weights, carcase characteristics, organ weights, abdominal fat, and lipid content of liver and carcase in two lines of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), unselected and selected for four week body weight. | 1. the present study was conducted on quails to evaluate the effects of line and sex on body weight, carcase characteristics and organ weights and also to evaluate the effect of line on sex organs, and on carcase and liver lipid content of male quails. 2. chicks of both sexes were weighed weekly until 6 weeks when they were slaughtered. carcase yield, parts yield and measurement, weight of liver, heart, gizzard, abdominal fat and sex organs were obtained. carcase and liver lipid content of male ... | 1996 | 8842465 |
| ultrastructural modifications in cultured fetal quail hepatocytes exposed to pesticides and pcbs. | there is increasing interest in cultured hepatocytes as a tool for solving toxicological and pharmacological problems while reducing laboratory animal experimentation. in the present study, fetal hepatocytes from the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were used as an in vitro alternative model for evaluating the effects of pcbs and various pesticide-type chemicals on cell ultrastructure. major alterations were demonstrated. the most striking effects of toxicants were an increase in the ... | 1996 | 8812180 |
| proliferation of granulosa and thecal cells in germinal disc and non-disc regions during follicular growth in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica): bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in situ. | proliferation of granulosa and thecal cells was analysed during ovarian follicular growth in laying japanese quail. the birds were injected intraperitoneally with bromodeoxyuridine (brdu) 10 or 4 h before ovulation, that is, before or after a preovulatory lh surge, respectively, and incorporation of brdu by follicular tissues was detected immunocytochemically. cells labelled with brdu were seldom seen in the most immature follicles in the ovarian cortex, whereas many granulosa and thecal cells w ... | 1996 | 8699425 |
| divergent selection for body weight and yolk precursor in coturnix coturnix japonica. 11. correlated responses over thirty generations. | japanese quail lines were divergently selected for 4-wk bw (hw and lw lines) and plasma yolk precursor [total plasma phosphorus (tpp); hp and lp lines] for 30 generations. the base population was a randombred control line (r1) that was maintained along with the selected lines. sublines were established from the ninth selected generation of hw by continuing to select males for increased 4-wk bw and selecting females for increased (hw-hp line) or decreased (hw-lp line) tpp. correlated responses ov ... | 1996 | 8786935 |
| inherited muscular disorder in mutant japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica): an ultrastructural study. | ultrastructural study of muscles taken from a mutant (lwc) strain of japanese quail with myotonia showed type 2 fibre atrophy, ring fibre formation, sarcoplasmic masses, and "moth-eaten" fibres. in these abnormal fibres, the most characteristic feature was the loss of interconnection among the myofibrils, mitochondria, and t tubules. apparently normal muscle fibres often showed mild changes, such as proliferation of t tubules and enlarged sarcoplasmic areas with increased glycogen granules and r ... | 1996 | 8762590 |
| divergent selection for body weight and yolk precursor in coturnix coturnix japonica. 10. response to selection over thirty generations. | japanese quail lines were divergently selected for 30 generations for 4-wk bw (hw, lw) or plasma yolk precursor (hp, lp) as measured by total plasma phosphorus (tpp) at the beginning of lay. the hw, lw, hp, and lp lines were initiated from a randombred control line (r1). in the ninth generation of selection in the hw line, sublines were developed by continuing to select males for increased 4-wk bw whereas females were selected for increased (hw-hp line) or decreased (hw-lp) tpp. individual selec ... | 1996 | 8778720 |
| fibromuscular dysplasia in intramuscular arteries of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | fibromuscular dysplasia (fmd) was found in the intramuscular arteries of both commercial (normal) and mutant (lwc) strains of japanese quail. the mutant strain lwc is afflicted with an inherited muscular dystrophy exhibiting myotonia. the arterial lesions were classified as medial fibroplasia or medial hyperplasia, both being subtypes of medial fmd. some lesions showed extensive proliferation of medial smooth muscle into the vascular lumen, resulting in partial occlusion of the affected blood ve ... | 1996 | 8920213 |
| intestinal growth in altricial european starling (sturnus vulgaris) and precocial japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). a morphometric and cytokinetic study. | this paper introduces the comparison of altricial and precocial birds as a model system for the study of patterns of intestinal growth. it reports on comparative morphometric and cytokinetic studies of intestinal growth in altricial european starling (sturnus vulgaris) and precocial japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). morphometric data at five gut segments of neonates and adults of both species are provided to evaluate the growth of the intestine. a double labelling technique combining ... | 1996 | 9078400 |
| subtypes of active cell death in the granulosa of ovarian atretic follicles in the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | follicular atresia in the ovaries of japanese quail was studied by cytochemistry and electron microscopy. three different types of cell death coexisted in the granulosa. a large number of cells showed signs of apoptosis. the dna fragmentation in these cells was demonstrated in a previous study using in situ end-labeling. a second and non-negligible type of cell death consisted of extensive autophagocytosis of the cytoplasm occurring simultaneously with late nuclear alterations. finally, a few de ... | 1996 | 8663915 |
| evidence for altered structure and impaired mitochondrial electron transport function in selenium deficiency. | selenium (se) deficiency in the experimental models, coturnix coturnix japonica and corcyra cephalonica, resulted in impaired mitochondrial substrate oxidations and lowered thiol levels. studies with respiratory inhibitors confirmed reduced mitochondrial electron transport enzyme activities, especially at cytochrome c oxidase (cox), the terminal segment. enhanced mitochondrial lipid peroxidation in se deficiency was more pronounced in the heart tissue of the quail compared to other tissues. glut ... | 1996 | 8727670 |
| effect of age and carcase composition on the onset of sexual maturity in quail under normal feeding regimens. | 1. the effect of age and carcase composition on the onset of sexual maturity was investigated in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) reared under a normal feeding regimen. 2. at 42 d of age, when the quail had started to lay and hen day production was about 60%, layers were heavier and contained more carcase fat than those that were not laying. 3. the liver and the ovary weight were greater following the onset of sexual maturity than 1 or 2 weeks before (35 and 28 d respectively). 4. car ... | 1995 | 8746978 |
| functional maturation of neuroendocrine gonadal axis is altered by specific phase relations of circadian neurotransmitter activity in japanese quail. | the present study was designed to ascertain the effects of temporal relationship of circadian neural oscillations on puberty attainment and reproductive growth of japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. serotonin and dopamine precursors (5-hydroxytryptophan, 5-htp and l-dihydroxyphenylalanine, l-dopa; 5 mg/100 g body weight) were injected daily, 8 and 12 h apart in two groups of one-day old chicks, while controls received two daily injections of normal saline. weekly/biweekly observations (b ... | 1995 | 8719179 |
| influence of various dietary protein levels on carcase composition in the male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | 1. the present study was conducted to determine the effect of various dietary protein concentrations on the carcase composition of male japanese quail. 2. six diets varying in protein from 160 to 300 g/kg and containing approximately 11.72 mj/kg me were fed for 5 weeks and analysed for dry matter, protein, fat and ash. 3. treatments affected carcase weight, dry matter, protein, ether extract and ash (p < 0.01). 4. the water content of the carcases decreased with increasing dietary protein concen ... | 1995 | 8590093 |
| exposure of domestic quail embryos to extremely low frequency magnetic fields. | four hundred domestic quail eggs (coturnix coturnix japonica) were used to study the possible teratogenic effects of extremely low frequency magnetic fields (elf-mfs) on early embryonic development. ten females were selected from a flock on the basis of their high fertility rate and low number of spontaneous abnormalities and they were selectivity maintained in nesting-boxes in a room where feeding and environmental conditions were carefully controlled. all the eggs used in the experiments were ... | 1995 | 7561392 |
| dietary nitroprusside alleviates atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), susceptible to cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis, were rendered hypercholesterolemic by feeding a diet containing 0.5% cholesterol in two experiments. half the animals also received a dietary supplement of sodium nitroprusside ranging in concentration from 0.005% to 0.015%. after 10 weeks on the diets, serum was obtained for cholesterol analysis, the animals were killed, and the aortae removed and examined for the presence of atherosclerotic le ... | 1995 | 7553329 |
| inherited muscular disorder in mutant japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica): relationship between the development of muscle lesions and age. | the progression of the pathological changes that occur in the skeletal muscle was examined in 19 japanese quail of the lwc strain, affected with an autosomal dominant inherited muscular disorder producing electrical myotonia. the muscle samples were obtained every 10 days from 20 to 70 days of age. muscle samples from 18 age-matched commercial quail were used as normal controls. characteristic histological lesions found in the skeletal muscles included sarcoplasmic masses, ringed fibres, interna ... | 1995 | 8543670 |
| effect of inducers and pcbs on the cytochrome p450 enzymes in cultured quail hepatocytes. | hepatocytes isolated from fetal quail livers (coturnix coturnix japonica) were cultured in vitro. their capacity to metabolize drugs and xenobiotics was explored with typical cytochrome p450 substrates: ethoxycoumarin (known to be metabolized by several p450s), ethoxyresorufin (essentially dealkylated by p450ia1), and testosterone (specifically hydroxylated at several positions by several p450s). the cells could be kept metabolically active in culture for at least 4 days. their drug-metabolizing ... | 1995 | 8521782 |
| metabolic adaptations induced by long-term fasting in quails. | after up to 21 days without food, adult male quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) lost about 45% of the initial body weight (100-150 g). as in naturally fast-adapted and larger birds, three phases were identified during prolonged fasting in quails. phase i lasted 2-3 days and was characterized by a rapid decrease in the rate of body weight loss and high fat mobilization. phase ii was longer and characterized by a slow and steady decline in the rates of body weight loss and of nitrogen excretion. ... | 1995 | 7614041 |
| bh (black at hatch) gene appears to cause whole-body hemorrhage in homozygous embryos of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | genotypes of early embryos obtained from mating bh/+ quail were determined by chorio-allantoic membrane grafting of their thigh skin, and the development of the bh homozygous embryos was examined histologically. the bh homozygous embryos died at an early stage of development (after 7 to 10 days of incubation) with a very high incidence of whole-body hemorrhage (approximately 100%), but malformation of neural tubes was not always accompanied by bh homozygosity. degeneration of the liver was more ... | 1995 | 7722476 |
| mosaic lectin labelling in the quail collecting ducts. | morphological and histoenzymological differences have been observed between intercalated and principal cells of the quail coturnix coturnix japonica collecting ducts. the present study was designed to shed light on the lectin affinity of the collecting duct cells within cortex and medulla by the use of hrp-labelled lectins combined with glycosidase degradation. binding of pna and rca-i lectins consequent to enzymatic release of sialic acid revealed abundant sialylated carbohydrate moieties withi ... | 1995 | 7541264 |
| a quantitative investigation of gonadal feminization by diethylstilboestrol of genetically male embryos of the quail coturnix coturnix japonica. | the effect of diethylstilboestrol on gonad development in quail embryos has been quantitatively analysed. quail embryos at 4 days of incubation were treated with diethylstilboestrol (des), using the egg dipping method. at 10 days of incubation, embryos were removed and killed by decapitation. tissues were prepared for chromosome analysis, and the parts of the abdomen containing the gonads were prepared for serial sectioning and quantitative assessment. left gonads of des-treated male embryos res ... | 1995 | 7616493 |
| effects of insulin-like growth factor-i, estrogen, glucocorticoid, and transferrin on the mrna contents of ovalbumin and conalbumin in primary cultures of quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) oviduct cells. | the effects of estrogen, dexamethasone, insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i), and transferrin on the messenger rna (mrna) contents of ovalbumin and conalbumin in primary cultures of quail oviduct cells were investigated. in the absence of one of the above hormones or factors, a decrease in ovalbumin mrna was prominent. in particular, removal of igf-i and transferrin caused a significant effect. studies using a combination of estrogen, dexamethasone, igf-i and transferrin indicated that igf-i coo ... | 1995 | 7599964 |
| photoperiodic activation of fos-like immunoreactive protein in neurones within the tuberal hypothalamus of japanese quail. | photoperiodic stimulation of quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) resulted in the appearance of a nuclear fos-like protein within neurones of the basal tuberal hypothalamus. on transfer to long days the number of neurones containing this fos-like immunoreactivity increased from about 150 to 700, the neurones being scattered throughout the length of the tubero-infundibular complex. this activation had occurred by early in the second long day and was maintained for at least three long days. over thi ... | 1995 | 7823310 |
| influence of dietary aflatoxin on eimeria uzura infection in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | a study was conducted to assess the influence of dietary aflatoxin on eimeria uzura in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). quail receiving 1 part per million (ppm) of dietary aflatoxin b1 and inoculated with 10(5) sporulated oocysts of e. uzura gained significantly less weight than chicks receiving either aflatoxin or coccidia alone. increased morbidity, mortality and decreased efficiency of feed utilization were also evident. the combination of e. uzura infection and aflatoxicosis resu ... | 1995 | 7732641 |
| karyotypic analysis of three species of phasianidae (galliformes: aves). | the karyology of the partridges francolinus francolinus asiae (2n = 70) and f. pondicerianus interpositus (2n = 68) and the japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica (2n = 78) was investigated. the frequency distribution of the diploid number of chromosomes was tabulated and the most frequent number was taken to be the diploid number. all species showed a bimodal karyotype and the variation in the number of chromosomes was attributed to the macrochromosomes, although twelve macrochromosomes were ... | 1995 | 7671640 |
| organophosphorus-induced delayed neurotoxicity: a comparative study of the effects of tri-ortho-tolyl phosphate and triphenyl phosphite on the central nervous system of the japanese quail. | the neurotoxic effects of single oral doses of tri-ortho-tolyl phosphate (totp) (500 mg/kg body weight) or single subcutaneous injections of triphenyl phosphite (tpp) (62.5-500 mg/kg body weight) were investigated in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). oral doses of totp resulted in no detectable clinical signs while injections of tpp resulted in mild ataxia to severe paralysis depending upon the dosage level. at 24 hr postdosing, whole-brain activity of neuropathy target esterase ( ... | 1995 | 7603644 |
| triphenyl phosphite-induced neuropathy in the avian forebrain: a silver impregnation study of the visual and auditory systems of the japanese quail. | single subcutaneous injections of triphenyl phosphite (tpp) (62.5-500 mg/kg body weight) were made in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the extent and density of resultant central nervous system degeneration were mapped by using the fink-heimer silver impregnation method to selectively impregnate degenerating axons and terminals. in addition to resulting in degeneration in the medulla and cerebellum, exposure to tpp also resulted in axonal and terminal degeneration in specific mid ... | 1995 | 7603630 |
| monoamine fluorescence in the median eminence of the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica, following medial basal hypothalamic deafferentation. | monoamine fluorescence was examined in the ventral hypothalamus of the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica after medial basal hypothalamic deafferentation. in sham-operated control birds, numerous yellow-green fluorescent fibers were observed in the median eminence and the nucleus tuberis. in the area of the paraventricular organ, a number of fluorescent fibers and cell bodies were observed. in birds with deafferented hypothalami, fluorescence disappeared both in the median eminence and t ... | 1995 | 173465 |
| effects of acute lead ingestion and diet on antibody and t-cell-mediated immunity in japanese quail. | this study investigated the interacting effects of acute lead exposure and different diets on antibody and t-cell-mediated immunity in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix). nine quail (nine week old males) were assigned randomly to each group in a factorial experiment with four treatments and two diets. the treatments were 1) a positive control group fed 20 micrograms/g corticosterone, 2) a negative control group given no lead or corticosterone, 3) a low-lead group, and 4) a high-lead group. the l ... | 1995 | 7710288 |
| n-acetyltransferase activity in the quail (coturnix coturnix jap) duodenum. | the activity and kinetics of n-acetyltransferase (nat) in the quail duodenum were studied by radioenzymatic assay. nat activity was highest when incubated under 37 degrees c, at ph 5.8 for 15 sec. of the four substrates tested (tryptamine, 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine, serotonin, and n-acetylserotonin at concentrations of 0.08-4 mm), only tryptamine showed the substrate saturation phenomenon when incubated with the duodenal enzyme and acetyl-14c-coenzyme a. the saturation concentration of tryptamine ... | 1995 | 7584855 |
| circadian rhythms of corneal mitotic rate, retinal melatonin and immunoreactive visual pigments, and the effects of melatonin on the rhythms in the japanese quail. | we investigated circadian ocular rhythms in the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. the birds were placed under light-dark cycles (ld 12:12), constant light (ll) and constant darkness (dd), and the retinas were dissected out at four-hour intervals throughout 24 h. following measurements were performed. (1) melatonin content in the retina was measured by radioimmunoassay. it was low in light and several folds higher in darkness under ld 12:12. the rhythm continued in dd, but disappeared i ... | 1995 | 7722956 |
| characterization of the japanese quail oocyte receptor for very low density lipoprotein and vitellogenin. | the plasma membrane receptor for vldl and vitellogenin from oocytes of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) was characterized and compared with that of another domestic fowl, the chicken (gallus domesticus). when visualized by ligand blotting with biotinylated or 125i-labeled lipoproteins, the quail vldl/vitellogenin receptor had an apparent m(r) of 95 kda under nonreducing conditions, identical to that of the chicken receptor. upon analysis by ligand blotting, binding of radiolabeled qua ... | 1995 | 7738685 |
| pathogenicity of quail's inclusion body hepatitis virus (avian adenovirus-1) for japanese quails and broiler chicks. | quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and broiler (gallus domesticus) chicks were inoculated experimentally with ibh virus (avian adenovirus-1) derived from quails to determine its pathogenicity. quail chicks were inoculated by the intraperitoneal route at 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 weeks of age. lesions were encountered most frequently in the liver, kidneys and lungs. these included pale, swollen and mottled liver, swollen nephrotic kidneys, and congested and pneumonic lungs. the lesions were severe in birds ... | 1995 | 8619292 |
| the genetic link between the chinese bamboo partridge (bambusicola thoracica) and the chicken and junglefowls of the genus gallus. | further comparison of mitochondrial control-region dna base sequences of 16 avian species belonging to the subfamily phasianinae revealed the following: (i) generalized perdicine birds (quails and partridges) are of ancient lineages. even the closest pair, the common quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and the chinese bamboo partridge (bambusicola thoracica), maintained only 85.71% identity. (ii) the 12 species of phasianine birds previously and presently studied belonged to three distinct branch ... | 1995 | 7479935 |
| a new inherited muscular disorder in japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). | thirteen adult mutant (lwc strain) japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica), between the ages of 8 and 60 weeks were examined for a progressive muscular disorder. the disorder, inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, was clinically apparent as early as 28 days of age; it was characterized by generalized myotonia, muscle stiffness, and muscle weakness. affected birds were identified by their inability to lift their wings vertically upward and by their inability to right themselves when plac ... | 1995 | 7483209 |
| migratory fat deposition in european quail: a role for prolactin? | the present study addresses the role of prolactin as a regulator of migratory fattening in european quail (coturnix coturnix). plasma prolactin levels in captive birds undergoing migratory fattening in an outdoor aviary and in the laboratory were measured by radioimmunoassay with an antibody raised against recombinant-derived chicken prolactin. no strong association between prolactin and migratory fattening was apparent, and prolactin levels were more closely related to daylength, with the highe ... | 1995 | 7561623 |
| proteolysis of japanese quail and chicken plasma apolipoprotein b and vitellogenin by cathepsin d: similarity of the resulting protein fragments with egg yolk polypeptides. | plasma very-low density lipoprotein (vldl) and vitellogenin (vtg) from mature female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and chickens (gallus domesticus) were isolated and digested in vitro with cathepsin d (ec3.4.23.5). the incubation mixtures were then reduced and subjected to gradient (4.5-18%) sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. protein fragments were stained with either coomassie brilliant blue r-250 (vldl digests) or coomassie brilliant blue r-250 containing 20 mm alcl3 (vtg di ... | 1995 | 7584850 |
| conservation of functionally important epitopes on myelin associated glycoprotein (mag). | phylogenetic conservation of protein domains often points to functionally important regions. as a step toward mapping these sites on myelin associated glycoprotein (mag) we have determined the species distribution of epitopes recognized by a panel of anti-mag antibodies (ab). monoclonal antibodies (mab) b11f7, gens3 and 28 recognized mag only in mammalian species. however, the mab 513 which inhibits mag binding recognized a conformational epitope in a wider distribution of species including, hum ... | 1995 | 7584863 |
| staphylococcal dermatitis in quail with a parakeratotic hyperkeratotic dermatosis suggestive of pantothenic acid deficiency. | this report describes an outbreak of staphylococcal dermatitis which occurred in commercial japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) with a history and clinico-pathological evidence suggestive of pantothenic acid deficiency. the flock had a low hatchability rate (40 to 43%) and a high percentage (50%) of dead-in-shell embryos. approximately 5 to 15% of the grower flock developed crusty facial scabs and conjunctivitis from 4 days of age. culture of eyelid skin yielded pure growths of non-haemo ... | 1995 | 18645814 |
| mycotic salpingitis in a japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | an adult female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) was received for postmortem examination. necropsy revealed the presence of white to grayish nodules 2-5 mm in diameter on the serosal surface of the oviduct. aspergillus flavus was isolated from these nodules in pure culture. histologically, these nodules were medium to large granulomatous lesions in serosa and the muscular wall of the oviduct. the lesions contained a large central necrotic core surrounded by giant cells, macrophages, a ... | 1994 | 7702530 |
| molecular cloning of complementary deoxyribonucleic acids for the pituitary glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit and luteinizing hormone beta-subunit precursor molecules of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | complementary dnas encoding precursor molecules of the pituitary glycoprotein hormone (pgh) alpha- and luteinizing hormone (lh) beta-subunits of japanese quail were isolated from a quail adenohypophyseal cdna library using corresponding chicken cdnas as hybridization probes. the isolated cdnas had a length of 695 and 724 bp, respectively, and contained sequences of 5' and 3' untranslated regions and an entire coding region of the precursor molecules. two series of incompletely repeating and part ... | 1994 | 7515015 |
| nitric oxide synthase in neurons of the gastrointestinal tract of an avian species, coturnix coturnix. | the distribution of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (nadph) diaphorase staining and its colocalisation with nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity was examined in neurons of the quail gastrointestinal tract. immunoreactivity and enzyme activity were found in identical populations of neurons. nitric oxide synthase activity was present in 30-40% of myenteric nerve cells in each region. numerous reactive cells were also in the submucous plexus and many positive nerve fibres inne ... | 1994 | 7516931 |
| effects of first formant onset frequency on [-voice] judgments result from auditory processes not specific to humans. | when f1-onset frequency is lower, longer f1 cut-back (vot) is required for human listeners to perceive synthesized stop consonants as voiceless. k. r. kluender [j. acoust. soc. am. 90, 83-96 (1991)] found comparable effects of f1-onset frequency on the "labeling" of stop consonants by japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) trained to distinguish stop consonants varying in f1 cut-back. in that study, cvs were synthesized with natural-like rising f1 transitions, and endpoint training stimuli ... | 1994 | 8132898 |
| [anesthesia in poultry]. | ketamine and ketamine-xylazine anesthesia was performed in the domestic fowl of the laying hybrid hisex brown and in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix) to test short-time anesthesia for the purposes of small surgical interventions. the findings of the authors heidenreich and wissdorf (1978) obtained in birds in the zoo park in hannover were used to determine anesthetic doses and to assess the course of anesthesia, as well as a comparative study written by samour et al. (1984) dealing with the us ... | 1994 | 8154090 |
| drusen-like deposits in the outer retina of japanese quail. | histological examination of the outer retina of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) ranging in age from 4-48 months revealed the presence of drusen-like deposits which closely resemble those described in primate and human retinas. at both light and electron microscopic levels, these deposits were characterized by randomly distributed, granular and heterogenous materials. larger deposits with pleomorphic inclusions, often globular in shape, occurred more frequently in older quail, particu ... | 1994 | 7859816 |
| insulin-like growth factor-i messenger rna content in the oviduct of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica): changes during growth and development or after estrogen administration. | complementary dna (cdna) of insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) of japanese quail was cloned. the nucleotide sequence analysis of the cdna showed that only seven bases differed from those of chicken igf-i cdna in the 440 bases of the cloned region. this difference in nucleotide sequence did not cause changes in the amino acid sequence. using this cloned cdna, the changes in igf-i mrna content in the tissues of female quail during growth and development were investigated. in the oviduct, igf-i m ... | 1994 | 7881819 |
| the integrative segment of the quail coturnix coturnix japonica. occurrence and distribution of carbonic anhydrase and complex carbohydrates. | as part of a more extensive study into the involvement of carbonic anhydrase in avian excretory function, the occurrence and distribution of this enzyme was investigated in the quail integrative segment. the integrative segment represents, in birds, that part of the intestinal tract where ureteral urine undergoes postrenal modification to form definitive urine. to define the structural peculiarities within the intestinal epithelium, the constituent parts, namely cloaca, rectum and caecum, as wel ... | 1994 | 7961146 |
| host specificity studies and oocyst description of a cryptosporidium sp. isolated from ostriches. | oocysts of a cryptosporidium sp. were found in the feces of 14 of 165 (8.5%) ostriches imported into canada. the genus identity of the oocysts was confirmed by morphology. the mean (+/- sd) size of 40 oocysts was 4.6 (0.53) x 4.0 (0.42) microns (range 3.9-6.1 x 3.3-5.0 microns) with a shape index (length/width ratio) of 1.15 (range 1.00-1.38). in cross-transmission experiments, this cryptosporidium sp. failed to infect suckling mice, chickens, turkeys, or quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). a co ... | 1994 | 8073019 |
| serum concentrations of thyroid hormones during egg laying in two types of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | in the present investigation a lighter white egg-type (l) and a heavier wild meat-type (m) of female japanese quails were compared with respect to egg production, body growth, abdominal fat pad, serum thyroxine (t4) and triiodothyronine (t3) concentrations, trh sensitivity and t4 5'-monodeiodinase activity in liver homogenates. during the investigation period l type layed considerably more eggs and m type was heavier in body weight. abdominal fat pad in l type quails was significantly higher tha ... | 1994 | 8891179 |
| control of sodium and chloride transport in the thick ascending limb in the avian nephron. | we previously reported that birds may concentrate urine by a countercurrent multiplier mechanism using single-solute (nacl) recirculation, in which the thick ascending limb of henle (tal) of mammalian-type nephrons provides an energy source. the japanese quail tal has a higher lumen-to-bath cl flux (jcl,lb) than that of mammals; the mechanism for maintaining the osmotic gradient along the medullary cone is unknown. we investigated whether salt delivery alters the nacl reabsorption rate in the ta ... | 1994 | 8067454 |
| the pulmonary neuroepithelial endocrine system in the quail, coturnix coturnix. light- and electron-microscopical immunocytochemistry and morphology. | despite extensive knowledge of the neuroepithelial endocrine (nee) system in the lungs of species of various vertebrate classes, data on avians are limited. the present investigation deals with the light- and electron-microscopical immunocytochemistry and morphology of pulmonary nee cells in the quail, coturnix coturnix. light-microscopically, serotonin immunoreactivity was detected in numerous solitary and clustered nee cells located in the cilio-mucous epithelium of primary and secondary bronc ... | 1994 | 7913590 |
| excalfactoria quail as a new laboratory research animal. | chinese painted quail (excalfactoria chinensis), which is sometimes reared as a bird for pleasure, appears to be an excellent candidate for a laboratory research animal. handling and general care of this species are very easy because of its small body size and hardiness. the body weight (mean +/- sem) of the newly hatched chick, adult male, and adult female is 3.93 +/- .05, 47.66 +/- .52, and 55.89 +/- .75 g, respectively; that is, approximately half the size of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix ... | 1994 | 8072918 |
| morphometric analysis of the scleral bony ring with different numbers of ossicles in the eye of coturnix coturnix japonica. | the scleral bony ring (s.b.r.) of coturnix coturnix japonica was examined and evaluated morphometrically in its characteristic formations (scleral ossicles, overlapping sectors). the modal class 14-14, the most representative, was compared to others having minor or major numbers of ossicles with complex or simple overlaps in the left and right eyes. it was observed that the ossicles, numbered as in the literature, are ordered in a characteristic manner to form the s.b.r. the ossicle dimensions a ... | 1994 | 7978347 |
| molecular species analysis of glycosphingolipids from small intestine of japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica by hplc/fab/ms. | neutral glycosphingolipids were isolated from quail small intestine and their structures were analysed. they contained: gal beta 1-4glccer(laccer), gal alpha 1-4galcer(ga2cer), gal alpha 1-4gal beta 1-4glccer(gb3cer), glcnac beta 1-3gal beta 1-4glccer(lc3cer), galnac beta 1-4gal beta 1-4glccer(gg3cer), galnac beta 1-4[galnac beta 1-3] gal beta 1-4glccer(lcgg4cer), and galnac alpha 1-3galnac beta 1-3gal alpha 1-4gal beta 1-4glccer (forssman glycolipid) as well as glucosylceramide, galactosylceram ... | 1994 | 7804001 |
| blood esterase inhibition in birds as an index of organophosphorus contamination: field and laboratory studies. | : with the aim of developing a nondestructive biomarker (serum 'b' esterases) for monitoring bird populations exposed to azamethiphos s((6-chloro-2-oxooxazolo(4,5-b)pyridin-3(2h)-yl)methyl) 0,0-dimethyl phosphorothioate (9cl), parallel laboratory and field studies were performed. in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) treated with azamethiphos at 10 mg kg(-1), serum butyrylcholinesterase (bche) and carboxylesterase (ce) activities were inhibited by 88% and 35%, respectively, after 24 h. ... | 1994 | 24201863 |
| developing blood vessels and associated extracellular matrix as substrates for neural crest migration in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | japanese quail embryos were used to examine paths of neural crest cell (nc) migration in relationship to the embryonic vasculature. immunolabeling for nc, angioblasts and the extracellular matrix (ecm) glycoproteins fibronectin (fn), laminin (ln) and tenascin (tn) revealed several instances where spatiotemporal patterns of nc migration coincide with the embryonic vascular pattern and its associated ecm. an in vitro model for angiogenesis was modified to include nc, and associations with "capilla ... | 1994 | 7521199 |
| retinal distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive cells in two strains of quails coturnix coturnix japonica. | we have compared the distribution of tyrosine-hydroxylase immunoreactive (th-i) somata in the retina of two strains of japanese quails, one normally pigmented and one hypopigmented mutant which develops a glaucoma, three months after their hatching. th-i cells were observed among amacrine and presumptive interplexiform cells in both strains. they were distributed in areas of decreasing densities from an area centralis, located in the central upper retina to the retinal periphery. we have arbitra ... | 1994 | 7914902 |
| spermiogenesis and spermiation in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the ultrastructure of 12 steps of spermatid development and the process of spermiation are described for the japanese quail in order to clarify the classification proposed for determining the stages of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium (lin et al. 1990) and to assess disagreements in the literature about sperm development in birds. it was concluded that acrosomal development involves the formation of proacrosomal granules which do not contain dense granules like the mammalian acrosome. ma ... | 1993 | 8300429 |
| different expression of calpain in skeletal muscle of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) lines selected for body weight. | calpain activity was determined by western blot analysis of steady-state concentrations of m-calpain (calpain requiring millimolar ca2+ for activation) and also by northern blot analysis of steady-state concentrations of mrna encoding m-calpain in three lines of quail: a random-bred control line (rr) and two lines selected for body weight, one for increased body weight (ll) and another for decreased body weight (ss). the m-calpain activities in skeletal muscle were higher in the ss line and lowe ... | 1993 | 8166622 |
| fine structure of merkel corpuscles in the lingual mucosa of japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | by electron microscopy, these corpuscles were found exclusively in the connective tissue just beneath the dorsal epithelium near the lateral margin of the tongue. each consisted of 4-8 merkel cells and flattened nerve terminals arranged alternately. the merkel cell was characterized by dense-cored granules, with a diameter ranging from 120 to 180 nm, throughout the cytoplasm. the functional significance of the avian merkel cell, i.e. a mechanoreceptor cell or a trophic cell with the axon, still ... | 1993 | 8297254 |
| divergent selection for body weight and yolk precursor in coturnix coturnix japonica. 9. evaluation of traits associated with onset of sexual maturity. | an experiment was conducted to compare traits associated with onset of sexual maturity in japanese quail lines. lines divergently selected for high and low 4-wk bw (hw and lw), and high and low total plasma phosphorus at beginning of lay (hp and lp) were compared with a randombred line (rbc1) that served as the base population for hw, lw, hp, and lp. the hw sublines (hw-hp and hw-lp) and lp subline (lp-hw) were also compared to their respective line of origin. most of the differences observed fo ... | 1993 | 8265491 |
| melatonin and photoperiodic time measurement in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | artificial extension of the duration of nocturnally secreted circulating melatonin with exogenous injections produces a short day effect in the reproductive status of mammals, and this paradigm has been applied to japanese quail to test the hypothesis that birds are similar to mammals in this respect. male quail reared on non-stimulatory short days (8l:16d) were switched to mildly stimulatory 12l:12d and given daily melatonin injections at dusk (10 micrograms 2 h before dusk and 10 micrograms at ... | 1993 | 8265672 |
| experimental light damage increases lipofuscin in the retinal pigment epithelium of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | lipofuscin accumulation in the retinal pigment epithelium (rpe) of japanese quail was investigated in normal and light-damaged animals at 4 months and 12 months of age following a single, 18-hr light-damaging exposure (3000-3200 lx) evaluated 6 weeks postexposure. quail in a second experimental group light-damaged at 4 months of age were exposed to a second, identical light-damaging exposure at 12 months of age. rpe lipofuscin was quantitatively assessed in three ways: (1) total lipofuscin, expr ... | 1993 | 8282031 |
| the effect of water loss upon the urate, urea and ammonia content of the egg of the japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica. | 1. the urate, urea and ammonia content of the whole egg of the japanese quail was measured in late incubation in eggs subject to different rates of water loss. 2. high rates of water loss substantially increased egg urate content, but had little or no effect on urea or ammonia content. 3. allopurinol, an inhibitor of urate synthesis, reduced egg urate content to low levels, but produced no effect on urea content, and a small reduction in ammonia content. 4. the urea concentration of the embryo w ... | 1993 | 7902795 |
| heritabilities of growth curve parameters and age-specific expression of genetic variation under two different feeding regimes in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | this study investigated genetic variation in growth and final size in relationship to differences in heritabilities under good and poor feeding conditions. heritabilities of growth and final size were estimated for several traits under ad libitum and restricted feeding conditions. a 30% feed restriction from hatching to 44 days of age in japanese quail chicks decreased body weight and tarsus length at 44 days of age and the length of the third primary convert feather at 24 days of age relative t ... | 1993 | 8405992 |
| proteins of the vitelline membrane of quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) eggs. | proteins in the vitelline membrane of quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) eggs were analyzed by sds-page. ten major bands, molecular mass ranging from 14.5 to 285 kda, can be clearly distinguished. two bands corresponding to the molecular masses of 33 and 175 kda were detected in the inner layer of the membrane and both were stained with periodic acid-schiff reagent, indicating that they are glycoproteins. nine bands were detected in the outer layer of the membrane. among them, 265- and 285-kda b ... | 1993 | 8378223 |
| basic and lectin histochemistry for studying glycoconjugates in the lingual salivary glands of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | traditional non-lectin staining methods and lectin histochemistry combined with specific exoglycosidase digestion were used to investigate the histological structure of these glands and to visualize the occurrence and composition of salivary glycoconjugates. the quail lingual glands comprise the anterior lingual gland, with rostral and caudal portions that differ in morphology and histochemical staining, and the posterior lingual gland devoid of regional differences. carbohydrate histochemistry ... | 1993 | 8215987 |
| effect of acth and glucocorticoids on lipid metabolism in the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | 1. immature male japanese quail received repeated (chronic) injections of 0.8 i.u. corticotrophin (acth), 0.1 mg or 1.0 mg corticosterone (b), or 0.02 mg dexamethasone (dxm) and were fasted then refed at the end of the treatment period. a subgroup of the dxm group were given a single (acute) injection of 0.8 i.u. acth or saline before refeeding. a further group that had been given repeated injections of saline were fasted at the end of the treatment period. 2. all chronic hormone treatments decr ... | 1993 | 8102958 |
| ultrastructural characteristics of primordial germ cells in the quail embryo. | an avian species, the quail has become a desirable animal model in experimental embryology and reproductive biology. to understand the ultrastructural characteristics of primordial germ cells (pgc) of this species, we studied pgc in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) embryo at various developmental stages from their appearance in the germinal crescent through migration to settlement in the gonadal ridges by means of electron microscopy. the results were compared with those of anothe ... | 1993 | 8363058 |
| effects of exogenous melatonin on some endocrine, behavioural and metabolic parameters in japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica. | 1. melatonin administration in drinking water (5 micrograms/ml) to japanese quail resulted in a 20-fold increase of plasma melatonin levels in comparison with the control, day time concentration (0.34 +/- 0.05 vs 6.88 +/- 1.10 nmol/l). 2. plasma triiodothyronine levels increased (5.8 +/- 0.93 vs 7.97 +/- 0.64 nmol/l), corticosterone decreased (28.04 +/- 3.42 vs 15.96 +/- 2.56 nmol/l) and no significant changes were recorded in thyroxine concentration after the treatment. 3. a higher occurrence o ... | 1993 | 8101160 |
| effects of bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide in japanese quail exposed during egg laying period: an interlaboratory comparison study. | the guideline no. 206 for testing of chemicals of the organization for economic cooperation and development (oecd) comprising an avian reproduction test using the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica; termminck and schlegel 1849) as pair-hold test organisms has been applied in a version that reduced the treatment period to 6 weeks without any pretreatment. in the present study bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide, c.a. no. 56-35-9 (tributyltin oxide, tbto) was examined by five participants in an inter ... | 1993 | 8507099 |
| the circadian nature of melatonin secretion in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | plasma melatonin concentrations were measured in japanese quail held under different photoperiods and constant darkness (< 1 lux). when subjected to ld6:18 (6 hr light: 18 hr darkness), levels rose approximately 2 hr after lights-off, attained a peak level 8 hr after lights off, and subsequently declined to low daytime levels before the next lights-on signal. this generated a distinct daily rhythm in melatonin secretion with a duration of approximately 13 h. on exposing quail to a range of photo ... | 1993 | 8345447 |
| [quantitative ultrastructure of the myocardium of japanese quail after long-term hypodynamia]. | quantitative ultrastructural myocardial changes of myocardium of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were studied during an immobilization stress (hypodynamia) lasting 9, 30, 60 and 90 days. hypodynamic quails were fixed by waistcoats to the feeding place simulating conditions of long lasting space flight which the quails were determined for. the surveyed morphological parametres were: mitochondrial rate, mitochondrial volume in % of cytoplasm, volume of myofibres in % of cytoplasm, ... | 1993 | 8339327 |
| research note: effect of diet density and pelleting on productive parameters of japanese quail. | an experiment was conducted to determine the response of growing japanese quail to two dietary energy levels, high (3,200 kcal me/kg) versus low (3,000 kcal me/kg), and two forms of presentation, mash versus pellet. seven thousand, two hundred day-old japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were randomly distributed into 24 floor pens containing 300 quail each. the experiment was divided in two phases: starter (until 2 wk of age) and finisher (days 14 to 33). weight gain was less (p < .05) f ... | 1993 | 8464802 |
| sensory nerve endings in the beak skin of japanese quail. | this study is concerned with the distribution and ultrastructure of sensory nerve endings in the beak skin of adult japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the following nerve endings were found: free nerve endings, clusters of dermal merkel nerve endings, herbst corpuscles and ruffini corpuscles. the latter were found only in the dermis of the tip of the upper beak. the remaining endings were present in the skin of all areas of upper and lower beak. free nerve endings were supplied by eith ... | 1993 | 8238960 |
| ultrastructural changes of oocyte and follicular wall during oocyte maturation in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | this study examined structural changes in oocyte and follicular wall during oocyte maturation in japanese quails. the structures of the germinal disc and the surrounding follicular wall were observed by light and electron microscopy 25, 6 and 1 h before the expected time of ovulation. the germinal disc of the oocyte was located near the oocyte plasma membrane at 25 h before ovulation, and the germinal vesicle was located in the centre of the germinal disc. numerous cytoplasmic elements, such as ... | 1993 | 8464010 |
| dopaminergic interplexiform cells in the retina of pigmented and hypopigmented quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). | interplexiform cells (ipcs) have not been previously described as a component of the population of tyrosine hydroxylase (th) immunoreactive (presumably dopaminergic) cells in the avian retina. in this study, carried out in both pigmented and imperfect albino mutant quails (coturnix coturnix japonica), we initially describe th immunoreactive cells in the inner nuclear layer whose internal dendritic arborization extends into strata 1, 3 and 4/5 of the inner plexiform layer. then, we describe ascen ... | 1993 | 7903119 |
| physiological and behavioral effects of coniferyl benzoate on avian reproduction. | various plant secondary metabolites related to cinnamic acid are of interest because of their repellency to birds and their occurrence in ecologically important food items. coniferyl benzoate (cb), a phenylpropanoid ester that occurs in quaking aspen (populus tremuloides) is of particular ecological interest because of its effect on ruffed grouse (bonasa umbellus) feeding behavior and its possible influence on the population dynamics of this bird. during detoxification processes, cb and other an ... | 1993 | 24248582 |